Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to States and

Effect of Census 2000 Undercount
on Federal Funding to States and
Local Areas, 2002-2012
prepared
for
U.S. Census Monitoring Board
March 9, 2000
National Economic Consulting
EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO
STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012
ABSTRACT
Congress relies on the census for purposes of allocating funds under various federal grant
programs to state governments. Inaccuracies in the census count can cause federal funds
to be distributed in a way that is not fully consistent with congressional intent. Many
state-funded grant programs to localities also rely on census counts, compounding the
misallocation of grant money. From the perspective of jurisdictions that are counted
relatively poorly by the census, this translates into fewer services for families in need.
Using information from the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey (PES) and more recent
census estimates, PricewaterhouseCoopers projects Census 2000 will underestimate the
actual U.S. population by almost five million individuals, representing an undercount rate
of 1.75 percent of the actual population. This estimate is conservative—the Census
Bureau itself has projected an undercount rate of 1.9 percent using confidential
administrative records and the PES data.
Federal programs with $185 billion of obligations were allocated among the states based
on census population counts in fiscal year 1998. Because many of these programs use
figures adjusted for the census undercount or have formulae that guarantee states a steady
share of the funds, the census undercount would affect only a portion of funding under
these programs. This study focuses on eight programs with $113 billion of FY 1998
obligations, representing over 82 percent of the funding of programs affected by the
census undercount with obligations over $500 million in FY 1998. Because this study
does not consider all programs affected by census population figures, the effect of the
Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of federal funds is likely to exceed the
estimates in this report.
For the eight federal grant programs included in this study, the Census 2000 undercount
is estimated to cause the District of Columbia and 26 states adversely affected by the
undercount to lose $9.1 billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 fiscal year period.
The shift in federal funds due to the Census 2000 undercount is particularly large in
metropolitan areas because relatively poorly counted demographic groups are
concentrated in urban areas. These areas not only share in state losses from the
undercount but also lose funds to other localities within the state because of the high
relative undercounts of urban areas. The federal funding loss to the 169 metropolitan
areas adversely affected by the undercount is estimated to reach $11.1 billion over the
period, or $3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions.
The census undercount not only redistributes funds among jurisdictions, it also causes a
net loss to the states of funds from federal entitlement programs, such as Medicaid or
Foster Care. For the programs included in this study, the Census 2000 undercount is
estimated to reduce net federal funds to the states by $722 million over the 2002-2012
period.
i
EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO
STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................ ES-1
I.
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................1
II.
ESTIMATE OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ..............................................3
A. 1990 Census Undercount Data.................................................................................3
B. Projected 2000 Undercount by State........................................................................4
C. Projected 2000 Undercount by MSA and Center County........................................7
III.
FUNDING EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ..............................11
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
IV.
Federal Programs Analyzed...................................................................................11
Current Services Funding Levels over FY 2002-2012 Period...............................12
Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on States ..........................................14
Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on MSAs .........................................19
Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Center Counties..........................22
CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................24
APPENDICES
A. 2000 Population Projections and Estimated Undercounts by State by
Demographic Group
B. 2000 Population Projections by Metropolitan Area (Adjusted and Unadjusted)
C. 2000 Population Projections by Center County (Adjusted and Unadjusted)
D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount and Undercount Rate by Center County by
Demographic Group
E. Federal Program Descriptions
F. Estimated Funding Effect by State by Program
G. Estimated Funding Effect by Metropolitan Area
H. Estimated Funding Effect by Center County
I. Metropolitan Areas with Center Counties and Central Cities
J. Contact Information
ii
EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO
STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012
TABLES
Page
Table A.
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
Table 9.
Table 10.
Table 11.
Federal Formula Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations ........................ES-3
Count of “Other” Race Group in 1990 Census ...................................................4
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by State......................................................6
Census 2000 Undercount by Metropolitan Area: 25 MSAs with the
Largest Undercount Rates ...................................................................................8
Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Center City:
25 Counties with the Largest Undercount Rates ...............................................10
Federal Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations ...........................................11
Current Services Budget Projections for Eight Federal Grant
Programs, FY 2002-2012 ..................................................................................13
Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State on
Eight Federal Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012 .................................................16
Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on
Eight Federal Programs: States with High Undercounts, FY 2002-2012 .........17
Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by
Federal Grant Program, FY 2002-2012.............................................................18
Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Losses, FY 2002-2012..................21
Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 25 Center Counties with Largest Funding Loss,
FY 2002-2012....................................................................................................23
FIGURES
Figure A. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 26 States with Funding Losses and the District of Columbia,
Fiscal Years 2002-2012 ...............................................................................ES-7
Figure B. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: All States and the District of Columbia,
Fiscal Years 2002-2012 ...............................................................................ES-8
Figure C. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Loss,
Fiscal Years 2002-2012 ...............................................................................ES-9
Figure D. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 25 Center Counties with Largest Funding Loss,
Fiscal Years 2002-2012 .............................................................................ES-10
iii
EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT ON FEDERAL FUNDING TO
STATES AND LOCAL AREAS, 2002-2012
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A number of federal grant programs rely on population counts from the decennial census
for purposes of allocating funds among states. Consequently, a population undercount,
such as that estimated to have occurred in the 1990 census, can affect the distribution of
federal funds to states and localities that benefit from federal programs. From the
perspective of jurisdictions that are counted relatively poorly by the census, this translates
into fewer services for families in need.
The Presidential Members of the United States Census Monitoring Board1 retained
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) to conduct an independent estimate of the Census
2000 undercount, and to project its effects on the allocation of federal funds among
states, metropolitan areas, and center counties of metropolitan areas over the next decade.
Under the programs analyzed in this report, the District of Columbia and 26 states are
estimated to lose $9.1 billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 period. Metropolitan
areas not only share in the state losses but also lose funds to other areas within the state
because of the high relative undercounts of urban centers. The federal funding loss in the
169 metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount is estimated to reach $11.1
billion over the 2002-2012 period, which translates into a loss of $3,391 per uncounted
person in these jurisdictions. Because this report does not include all population-based
federal programs or any of the state programs distributed using census data, these
estimates should be treated as conservative.
Previous Research
In previous studies, the General Accounting Office (GAO) and the U.S. Conference of
Mayors have estimated the impact of the 1990 census undercount on the allocation of
federal and state grant program funds.
The GAO study looked at the effect of the 1990 census undercount on funding to state
governments under 15 federal formula grant programs in fiscal year 1998.2 The 1990
census was subject to a net undercount rate of 1.59 percent of the adjusted population.
GAO found that the 1990 undercount caused a reallocation of $449 million in federal
funding in 1998. This amounts to a funding loss of approximately $145 per uncounted
individual in the District of Columbia and the 27 states with funding losses in 1998.
1
The Presidential Members of the U.S. Census Monitoring Board are Gilbert F. Casellas (Co-Chairman),
Cruz M. Bustamante, Everett M. Ehrlich, and Lorraine A. Green.
2
For several programs, GAO calculated the state allotments for a different year (1997 or 1999) because
certain components of the formulas were not available or more recent data were available. See GAO,
Formula Grants: Effects of Adjusted Population Counts on Federal Funding to States, GAO/HEHS-99-69,
February 1999.
ES-1
According to the Congressional Research Service, federal funding amounting to $185
billion was distributed using census population counts in 1998. GAO analyzed the 25
largest programs (each had FY 1998 obligations of over $500 million) with a combined
funding level of $167 billion. Ten of these 25 programs were excluded from the GAO
analysis because the data necessary to calculate the effect of the undercount on their
allocations were unavailable.
Of the remaining 15 programs, eight programs were responsible for all of the
reallocation: (1) Medicaid; (2) Foster Care; (3) Rehabilitation Services Basic Support;
(4) Social Services Block Grant; (5) Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block
Grant; (6) Adoption Assistance; (7) Child Care and Development Block Grant3; and (8)
Vocational Education Basic Grants. The final seven programs were either not affected by
the undercount or the effects were insignificant.
The U.S. Conference of Mayors recently surveyed cities regarding the effect of the 1990
census undercount on federal and state funding.4 The 34 cities responding to the survey
reported a loss of federal and state funds of $536 million, or $1,230 per uncounted
person, over the ten-year period following the 1990 census. The survey also requested
that cities estimate the impact of the Census 2000 undercount. The 20 cities responding
to this question reported a loss of federal and state funds of $677 million, or an average of
$2,263 per uncounted person, over the ten-year period following Census 2000.
Methodology
This study extends the previous research by estimating the federal funding effect of the
Census 2000 undercount over the next decade on states and metropolitan areas. The
study includes the same programs analyzed in the GAO report, but estimates the impact
of the undercount at the metropolitan level over the entire period affected by the Census
2000 figures.
The eight programs studied accounted for $113 billion in federal grant spending in fiscal
year 1998 (see Table A). These programs represented over 82 percent of the funding of
grant programs affected by the undercount (for programs with obligations over $500
million). The effect of the undercount on programs with FY 1998 obligations less than
$500 million has not been included. State programs that rely on census data to distribute
funds to localities also have been excluded. Because all federal and state grant programs
affected by the undercount were not analyzed in this study, the shift in federal funds due
to the Census 2000 undercount is likely to be larger than is estimated in this report.
3
Funding under this program is now distributed under the Child Care and Development Fund Discretionary
Funds. This report refers to the program by its original name.
4
U.S. Conference of Mayors, The Fiscal Impact of the Census Undercount on Cities: A 34-City Survey,
January 1999.
ES-2
Table A. Federal Formula Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations
[Dollar amounts in billions; Programs over $0.5 billion affected by census undercount]
Program
Description
1.
Medicaid
Provides medical assistance (such as inpatient and outpatient hospital care, laboratory and
x-ray services, and physician services) to low-income individuals. Eligible individuals
include low-income children and pregnant women, low-income persons with disabilities,
and low-income elderly persons.
2. Foster Care
Provides support to homes and facilities that provide homes to needy foster children.
Payments cover food, shelter, and supervision costs. Any foster child eligible for Aid to
Families with Dependent Children, as in effect in 1995, is eligible for the program.
3. Social Services Block Grant
Provides support to states to prevent or reduce dependency; promote self-sufficiency;
prevent abuse, neglect, or exploitation of children and adults; prevent inappropriate
institutional care; and secure institutional care where appropriate. Funds have been used
for child day care, protective and emergency services for children and adults, and
counseling.
4. Rehabilitation Services Basic
Provides vocational rehabilitation to disabled individuals and their families. Services
Support
include reader services for the blind, interpreter services for the deaf, prosthetic devices,
and job placement.
5. Substance Abuse Prevention
Provides resources to states to design and implement programs to reduce drug and alcohol
and Treatment Block Grant
abuse and provide rehabilitation to individuals with drug and alcohol problems.
6. Vocational Education Basic
Provides grants to states for vocational education programs for youths and adults. Funds
Grants
used for activities such as purchasing occupationally-relevant equipment and curriculum
materials, providing career counseling and guidance, hiring staff, and offering remedial
classes.
7. Child Care and Development
Provides assistance to low-income families to improve the availability and quality of
Block Grant
childcare. Name changed to Child Care and Development Fund Discretionary Funds.
8. Adoption Assistance
Provides support for the adoption of children with special needs. Payments train
professional staff and parents involved in the adoptions, provide resources to families
adopting the children, and cover costs associated with placing children in adoptive homes.
Total for eight programs included in this report
Total for grant programs over $0.5 billion affected by undercount
ES-3
Obligations
$100.5
3.5
2.3
2.2
1.4
1.0
1.0
0.7
$112.6
$136.7
The methodology used in this report can be summarized as follows:
1. Estimate the Census 2000 undercount at the state, metropolitan area, and county
level.
2. Determine the formulae for allocating the eight federal grant programs included in
this study.
3. Project national funding levels for these federal programs through 2012.
4. Project the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of federal
funds to states, metropolitan areas, and center counties over the period affected by
Census 2000 (generally, fiscal years 2002-2012).
Several key assumptions underlie the results in this report. First, the undercount rates of
demographic groups in Census 2000 are assumed to be the same as in the 1990 census;
however, the change in the demographic composition of the population between 1990
and 2000 is taken into account based on the latest official Census Bureau projections.
Second, current formulae for allocating federal grant programs are assumed to remain
unchanged. Third, the national funding level for these programs over the FY 2002-2012
period is based on the Administration’s fiscal year 2000 Current Services Budget. Last,
states are assumed to allocate federal funding among local governments in proportion to
their respective populations, as enumerated in the decennial census. To the extent
possible, the results in this study are based on federal data, estimates, and methodology.
Projected Census 2000 Undercount
Based on the net undercount rates of demographic groups from the 1990 census and the
projected population growth since 1990, PricewaterhouseCoopers estimates that the
Census 2000 undercount rate will be 1.75 percent of the actual population, or almost five
million uncounted individuals. This is a conservative estimate. Using demographic
analysis of confidential administrative records to supplement undercount factors from the
1990 Post-Enumeration Survey, the Census Bureau has estimated that the Census 2000
undercount rate will be 1.9 percent of the true population.5
Members of minority groups and children experience undercount rates that exceed those
for the rest of the population. The net undercount rate for children is estimated to reach
3.36 percent (an estimated 2.5 million children), and the rate for certain minority groups
exceeds five percent.
Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to States
Over the 2002-2012 fiscal year period, for the eight programs analyzed,
PricewaterhouseCoopers estimates that the Census 2000 undercount will result in a loss
of $9.1 billion in federal funding among the 26 states adversely affected by the
5
Bureau of the Census, Report to Congress--The Plan for Census 2000, August 1997.
ES-4
undercount and the District of Columbia. Medicaid accounts for the largest shift in
federal funds, representing 91 percent of all reallocated funds (see Figure A).6
The projected 2000 undercount would have the biggest dollar impact on states with the
largest numerical undercount i.e., California, Texas and Florida (see Figure B).
Even in states that are relatively well counted by the census, certain portions of the state
may have high undercount rates. For example, while Massachusetts is counted relatively
well, Suffolk County (containing Boston, MA) is estimated to lose $154 million in
federal funds over the 2002-2012 period as a result of its high undercount. Similarly,
while Illinois is counted relatively well, Cook County (containing part of Chicago, IL) is
estimated to lose $219 million in federal funds over the 2002-2012 period.
Note that the funding effects of the Census 2000 undercount are not a “zero-sum game.”
The shift in federal funds away from states that are counted relatively poorly is greater
than the shift in funds to states that are counted relatively well. The Census 2000
undercount is projected to result in a net loss of $722 million in federal funds to the states
as a whole. This overall loss in federal funding is due to federal entitlement programs
such as Medicaid, under which the national level of funding depends on population
measures and is not a fixed sum.
Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to Metropolitan Areas
The Census 2000 undercount also will affect metropolitan areas that receive a portion of
federal grants allotted to states. The net impact on metropolitan funding depends on the
effect of the undercount on both the allocation of federal funds between states (the
“between-state” effect) and the allocation of funds among jurisdictions within a state (the
“within-state” effect). The net impact of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of
federal funds to metropolitan areas is the sum of the between-state and within-state
effects.
Over the 2002-2012 period, 169 metropolitan areas are estimated to lose $11.1 billion, or
$3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions, as a result of the Census 2000
undercount. Because metropolitan areas within a state generally experience undercount
rates that are higher than the state average, they will fail to receive their proportionate
share of any funds distributed by the state based on unadjusted population counts. These
“within-state” effects cause the funding losses of metropolitan areas to exceed the
funding losses at the state level.
6
Because of statutory provisions which guarantee minimum reimbursement rates, Medicaid funding for
certain states would remain the same using either adjusted or unadjusted population counts. Some states,
like New York, receive the minimum reimbursement of 50 percent of state expenditures under adjusted or
unadjusted figures. The District of Columbia has a reimbursement rate set by statute at 70 percent. These
areas experience significant undercounts, but the Medicaid minimum reimbursement provisions limit the
federal funding losses from the undercount.
ES-5
Six metropolitan areas are estimated to lose over $300 million in federal funds: New
York, NY; Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA; Houston, TX; Riverside-San Bernardino, CA;
San Diego, CA; and Miami, FL (see Figure C). In New York, NY, the funding loss is
estimated to exceed $2 billion. Because some state-funded grant programs also rely on
the decennial census for purposes of allocating funds among localities, the impact of the
Census 2000 undercount on metropolitan areas will be larger than the federal funding
effect.
Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Federal Funding to Center Counties
The demographic composition of the “center county” within a metropolitan area
frequently is quite different from the surrounding suburbs. As a result, census
undercount rates can vary dramatically within a metropolitan area, and this can affect the
allocation of federal funds. The “center county” generally is defined as the county
containing a metropolitan area’s central city.
Seven center counties are estimated to lose over $300 million in federal funding: Los
Angeles County, CA; Kings County, NY (which comprises the borough of Brooklyn,
NY); Bronx County, NY; New York County, NY (which comprises the borough of
Manhattan, NY); Harris County, TX (which contains the city of Houston, TX); San
Diego, CA; and Miami-Dade County, FL (see Figure D). In Los Angeles County, CA the
funding loss is estimated at over $1.8 billion. (As noted above, these estimates exclude
the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of state-funded grant
programs.)
Conclusion
Congress relies on the census for purposes of allocating various federal grants to state
governments. Inaccuracies in the census count can cause federal funds to be distributed
in a way that is not consistent with congressional intent. Many state-funded grants to
localities also rely on census counts, compounding the problem. From the perspective of
jurisdictions that are counted relatively poorly by the census, this translates into fewer
services for families in need. By participating in Census 2000, all Americans can help
ensure that their communities are not short-changed in the allocation of federal and state
program funds.
ES-6
Figure A. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs:
26 States with Funding Losses and the District of Columbia, Fiscal Years 2002-2012
[Millions of Dollars]
-303
-169
-106
-89
-67
-63
-11
Medicaid
Foster Care
(-$8,309)
(-$303)
Rehabilitation Services
Adoption Assistance
(-$169)
(-$106)
Substance Abuse Block Grant (-$89)
Child Care and Dev't Block Grant
(-$67)
Social Services Block Grant (-$63)
Vocational Education
-8,309
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
ES-7
(-$11)
Figure B. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs: All States and the District
of Columbia, Fiscal Years 2002-2012 [Millions of Dollars]
Wyoming
Texas
California
-6,000
-5,000
-4,000
-3,000
-2,000
Wisconsin
West Virginia
Washington
Virginia
Vermont
Utah
Tennessee
South Dakota
South Carolina
Rhode Island
Oregon
Oklahoma
Ohio
North Dakota
North Carolina
New York
New Mexico
New Jersey
New Hampshire
Nevada
Nebraska
Montana
Missouri
Mississippi
Minnesota
Michigan
Massachusetts
Maryland
Maine
Louisiana
Kentucky
Kansas
Iowa
Indiana
Illinois
Idaho
Hawaii
Georgia
Florida
District of Columbia
Delaware
Connecticut
Colorado
Arkansas
Arizona
Alaska
Alabama
-1,000
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
ES-8
0
1,000
Pennsylvania
2,000
3,000
4,000
Figure C. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Loss,
Fiscal Years 2002-2012 [Million of Dollars]
Newark, NJ*
New Orleans, LA
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX
Stockton-Lodi, CA
Bakersfield, CA
Jersey City, NJ*
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX*
Chicago, IL*
El Paso, TX
Austin-San Marcos, TX
Sacramento, CA*
Atlanta, GA
San Francisco, CA*
San Jose, CA*
Fresno, CA
San Antonio, TX
Orange County, CA*
Dallas, TX*
Oakland, CA*
Miami, FL*
San Diego, CA
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA*
Houston, TX*
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA*
New York, NY*
-2,500
-2,000
-1,500
-1,000
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
* Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA).
ES-9
-500
0
Figure D. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant Programs: 25 Center Counties
with Largest Funding Loss, Fiscal Years 2002-2012 [Million of Dollars]
Travis County, TX
Hudson County, NJ
Tarrant County, TX
San Francisco County, CA
Essex County, NJ
Sacramento County, CA
El Paso County, TX
Suffolk County, MA
Fresno County, CA
Santa Clara County, CA
Riverside County, CA
Bexar County, TX
Cook County, IL
Alameda County, CA
San Bernardino County, CA
Queens County, NY
Dallas County, TX
Orange County, CA
Miami-Dade County, FL
San Diego County, CA
Harris County, TX
New York County, NY
Bronx County, NY
Kings County, NY
Los Angeles County, CA
-2,500
-2,000
-1,500
-1,000
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
ES-10
-500
0
I.
INTRODUCTION
The Presidential Members of the United States Census Monitoring Board1 retained
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) to conduct an independent estimate of the
Census 2000 undercount, and to project its effects on the allocation of federal funds
among states, metropolitan areas, and center counties of metropolitan areas over the
next decade.
This report extends previous research undertaken by the General Accounting Office
(GAO) and the U.S. Conference of Mayors on the census undercount and its affect on
the allocation of federal dollars to states and localities. The Census 2000 undercount
is estimated using updated population data by demographic group, and the effect of
the undercount is analyzed for a uniform set of federal programs for states and
localities over the entire period affected by the census figures.
Under the programs analyzed in this report, the 169 metropolitan areas adversely
affected by the Census 2000 undercount are estimated to lose $11.1 billion over the
2002-2012 period. Metropolitan areas not only share in any state losses from the
undercount, which amount to $9.1 billion in states with high undercounts, but also
suffer additional distortions if their undercounts are high relative to other areas within
the state. The federal funding loss in these metropolitan areas translates into a loss of
$3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions. Because this report does not
include the effect of the undercount on all federal programs or any state programs
distributed using census data, these estimates should be treated as conservative.
Section II estimates the Census 2000 undercount at the state, metropolitan area, and
center county levels. To estimate the undercount, net undercount rates from the 1990
census by demographic group were applied to unadjusted 2000 population projections
by demographic group by county.
Section III estimates the impact of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of
federal funds to states, metropolitan areas, and counties. Formula allocations under
federal grant programs that depend on population counts were calculated with
unadjusted and then adjusted population figures to estimate the change in federal
funds flowing to each state. Changes in funding levels at the state level were then
translated into changes at the metropolitan area level and county level.
The main findings of the report are summarized in Section IV.
Ten appendices accompany this report:
• Appendix A reports the Census Bureau’s projections of the unadjusted 2000
population and PricewaterhouseCoopers’ estimate of the population undercount,
by state and demographic group.
1
The Presidential Members of the U.S. Census Monitoring Board are Gilbert F. Casellas (CoChairman), Cruz M. Bustamante, Everett M. Ehrlich, and Lorraine A. Green.
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Appendix B shows estimated 2000 population totals by metropolitan area with
and without adjustments for the estimated undercount.
Appendix C shows estimated 2000 population totals by center county with and
without adjustments for the estimated undercount.
Appendix D presents the Census 2000 undercount total and undercount rate by
center county by demographic group.
Appendix E describes the federal programs analyzed in this report.
Appendix F provides detailed information on the estimated funding effects of the
Census 2000 undercount by state by program.
Appendix G provides details on the funding effect of the undercount on
metropolitan areas.
Appendix H provides details on the funding effects for center counties.
Appendix I provides a listing of central cities and center counties by state and
metropolitan area.
Appendix J lists contact information.
2
II. ESTIMATE OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT
A.
1990 Census Undercount Data
Following the 1990 census, the U.S. Census Bureau undertook a Post-Enumeration
Survey (PES) to determine the accuracy of the census count. Historically the census
has not achieved an exact count of the population because it has missed certain
individuals and incorrectly enumerated others.2 For the PES, the Bureau conducted
detailed interviews with a sample of households. The results of this intensive
interview process were compared to the official 1990 census enumeration to assess
the accuracy of the census. This information was used to estimate the net undercount
(persons missed less persons incorrectly enumerated) by demographic group, and to
prepare an adjusted 1990 population count (i.e., the official count plus an estimate of
net uncounted persons).
Pursuant to P.L. 94-171, the Bureau published the official and adjusted 1990
population counts at the Census Block level stratified by 20 demographic groups:
1. Five race groups (White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, American
Indian/Eskimo/Aleut, and Other);
2. Hispanic origin (yes or no); and
3. Two age groups (over 17 and under 18).
The stratification used in the P.L. 94-171 data differs from the stratification in the
Census Bureau’s 2000 population projections. The published 2000 population
projections have four race groups (i.e., no “Other” race group) and are stratified by
age and gender. To make the unadjusted P.L. 94-171 data consistent with the
published 2000 population projections, the “Other” race category was reassigned
proportionately into the four specified race groups.3 This reassignment was done at
the county level stratified by Hispanic origin and age.4 Over 97 percent of the
population classified in the “Other” race category in the 1990 census are of Hispanic
origin (see Table 1). This group is estimated by the Census Bureau to have a very
high undercount rate—5.3 net uncounted persons per 100 persons in the adjusted
1990 census enumeration.
2
For instance, incorrect enumerations would arise from the inclusion of a child born after April 1, a
person who died before April 1, or a college student living away from home but counted in the parents’
house.
3
The methodology used to map the “Other” group into the four specified race groups is conceptually
similar to the procedure used by the Census Bureau, but does not rely on access to individual Census
records. The undercounted “Other” population was reassigned to the other four race groups in the
same proportion as the enumerated “Other” population. See Census publication CPH-L-74, Age, Sex,
and Hispanic Origin Information from the 1990 Census: A Comparison of Census Results with Results
Where Age and Race Have Been Modified, August 1991.
4
In New England states, Minor Civil Divisions (MCDs) rather than counties were used for this
purpose. MCDs function as the components of MSAs in these states. MCDs can also be aggregated
into counties. Outside of New England, MSAs are composed of counties.
3
Table 1. Count of “Other” Race Group in 1990 Census
Age group
Hispanic Origin
Yes
No
Total
Official (Unadjusted) 1990 Census Count
Under 18
Over 17
Total
3,493,054
6,062,700
9,555,754
113,380
130,713
249,093
3,611,434
6,193,413
9,804,847
Adjusted 1990 Census Count
Under 18
Over 17
Total
3,683,795
6,408,477
10,092,272
120,815
132,205
253,020
3,804,610
6,540,682
10,345,292
Undercount Ratea
a
Under 18
Over 17
Total
5.178%
5.396%
5.316%
6.154%
1.129%
1.552%
5.077%
5.309%
5.224%
Excess of adjusted over unadjusted count as a percent of adjusted count.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
After reclassifying the P.L. 94-171 data from five to four race groups, the official and
adjusted data were aggregated up to the state level within 16 demographic groups
(four races, two age groups, and Hispanic/non-Hispanic). Adjustment factors (i.e.,
the ratio of the adjusted to the official population count) were calculated for the 16
demographic groups within each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia (816
adjustment factors in total).
B.
Projected 2000 Undercount by State
The Census Bureau projects state population levels through 2025 by age, sex, race
(White, Black, Asian/Pacific Islander, and American Indian/Eskimo/Aleut), and
Hispanic origin.5 These projections start with the most recent decennial census, and
the population in subsequent years is estimated using administrative records, such as
birth and death certificates and immigration statistics. The Census Bureau’s
population projections do not adjust for the population missed in the decennial census
nor undocumented immigration. For purposes of this report, the Bureau’s state
population projections for 2000 were used as an estimate of the official population
counts that will be produced in the upcoming 2000 census. To match the
5
Census publication PPL-47, Population Projections for States by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic
Origin: 1995-2025. Note that these projections are based on 1995 population estimates and may
differ from actual 2000 population totals.
4
demographic cell format for the P.L. 94-171 data, the data were aggregated into two
age groups (over 17 and under 18) and genders were combined.
Adjusted 2000 state population counts were estimated using the adjustment factors
from the 1990 census and the Census Bureau’s 2000 population projections.
Specifically, for each of the 16 demographic groups within each state, the adjusted
2000 population count was estimated as the product of the Census Bureau’s 2000
population projection and the appropriate adjustment factor determined from the P.L.
94-171 data (see Section II.A, above). The Census 2000 undercount for a state was
estimated as the difference between the state’s adjusted and unadjusted 2000
population projections.
Based on this methodology, the undercount rate for Census 2000 is projected to be
1.75 percent, or 4.9 million persons (see Table 2).6 This is higher than the Census
Bureau’s estimate of the 1990 undercount rate (1.59 percent), and reflects the
generally faster growth rates since 1990 of demographic groups that were relatively
poorly counted in the 1990 census. The projected 2000 undercount rate used in this
report is a conservative estimate. Using demographic analysis of confidential
administrative records to supplement undercount factors from the PES, the Census
Bureau has estimated that the Census 2000 undercount rate will be 1.9 percent of the
true population.7 Changes in attitudes within demographic groups could also result in
an increased undercount rate. For instance, increased suspicion of government could
make individuals less likely to respond to the census.
Table A-4 in Appendix A provides net undercount rates by demographic groups.
Children and minorities have undercount rates that exceed the national average.
Nationally, persons under the age of 18 have an undercount rate of 3.36 percent of the
actual population, resulting in almost 2.5 million uncounted children. Of the
population over 18, minority groups and Hispanics generally have undercount rates
exceeding 3 percent, with several close to or over 5 percent.
Four states account for over 45 percent of the projected Census 2000 undercount:
California (1.01 million), Texas (0.61 million), Florida (0.34 million), and New York
(0.33 million). States with the highest percentage undercounts are the District of
Columbia (3.6 percent), New Mexico (3.1 percent), and California (3.0 percent).
States with the lowest undercount rates are Pennsylvania (0.4 percent), Rhode Island
(0.4 percent), and Iowa (0.5 percent).
6
The GAO report presents 1.62 as the percentage difference between the unadjusted and adjusted
1990 population. This figure represents the net uncounted population divided by the unadjusted
population count. In official Census Bureau terminology, this corresponds to the undercount “factor,”
while the undercount “rate” is the net undercount divided by the adjusted, or actual, population. As a
percent of the unadjusted population, the estimated Census 2000 undercount would be 1.78 percent.
7
Bureau of the Census, Report to Congress--The Plan for Census 2000, August 1997.
5
Table 2. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by State
State
United States
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Census Undercount
1990
Undercount
Without adjustment With adjustment
Numbera
Rateb
Rateb
for undercount
for undercount
274,633,905
4,886,665
279,520,570
1.75
1.59
Alabama
4,450,583
4,529,922
79,339
1.75
Alaska
653,293
666,937
13,644
2.05
Arizona
4,797,526
4,920,243
122,717
2.49
Arkansas
2,631,383
2,677,467
46,084
1.72
California
32,521,102
33,529,783
1,008,681
3.01
Colorado
4,168,224
4,258,653
90,429
2.12
Connecticut
3,284,142
3,312,393
28,251
0.85
Delaware
767,559
782,464
14,905
1.90
District of Columbia
523,328
542,830
19,502
3.59
Florida
15,233,224
15,569,941
336,717
2.16
Georgia
7,874,792
8,054,395
179,603
2.23
Hawaii
1,257,404
1,281,917
24,513
1.91
Idaho
1,346,506
1,377,221
30,715
2.23
Illinois
12,050,818
12,182,404
131,586
1.08
Indiana
6,044,528
6,075,839
31,311
0.52
Iowa
2,899,829
2,913,111
13,282
0.46
Kansas
2,668,263
2,689,010
20,747
0.77
Kentucky
3,994,566
4,058,881
64,315
1.58
Louisiana
4,424,618
4,523,993
99,375
2.20
Maine
1,259,170
1,268,481
9,311
0.73
Maryland
5,274,608
5,395,635
121,027
2.24
Massachusetts
6,198,746
6,244,609
45,863
0.73
Michigan
9,678,943
9,751,789
72,846
0.75
Minnesota
4,829,798
4,855,828
26,030
0.54
Mississippi
2,815,743
2,876,098
60,355
2.10
Missouri
5,540,378
5,576,552
36,174
0.65
Montana
949,657
972,459
22,802
2.34
Nebraska
1,705,467
1,717,719
12,252
0.71
Nevada
1,871,299
1,919,561
48,262
2.51
New Hampshire
1,224,230
1,234,846
10,616
0.86
New Jersey
8,177,791
8,250,120
72,329
0.88
New Mexico
1,860,397
1,920,618
60,221
3.14
New York
18,146,185
18,474,607
328,422
1.78
North Carolina
7,777,253
7,928,110
150,857
1.90
North Dakota
661,689
666,663
4,974
0.75
Ohio
11,318,718
11,400,840
82,122
0.72
Oklahoma
3,372,514
3,435,350
62,836
1.83
Oregon
3,397,161
3,464,440
67,279
1.94
Pennsylvania
12,202,050
12,250,280
48,230
0.39
Rhode Island
997,607
1,001,737
4,130
0.41
South Carolina
3,858,023
3,937,527
79,504
2.02
South Dakota
777,073
785,318
8,245
1.05
Tennessee
5,657,161
5,758,958
101,797
1.77
Texas
20,119,335
20,727,421
608,086
2.93
Utah
2,207,013
2,246,639
39,626
1.76
Vermont
616,803
623,862
7,059
1.13
Virginia
6,997,006
7,147,001
149,995
2.10
Washington
5,858,392
5,973,573
115,181
1.93
West Virginia
1,840,983
1,866,397
25,414
1.36
Wisconsin
5,326,324
5,363,914
37,590
0.70
Wyoming
524,700
536,215
11,515
2.15
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
a
Adjusted minus unadjusted 2000 population projections.
b
Undercount as a percent of adjusted population.
Note: Since preparation of this report, the national projection for 2000 has been updated to 275,306,000.
6
1.78
2.00
2.38
1.75
2.74
2.06
0.64
1.80
3.41
1.97
2.15
1.85
2.19
0.99
0.50
0.42
0.70
1.62
2.18
0.74
2.07
0.48
0.71
0.44
2.14
0.62
2.36
0.65
2.35
0.84
0.57
3.10
1.49
1.86
0.66
0.68
1.79
1.87
0.29
0.13
2.05
0.98
1.75
2.78
1.73
1.11
2.00
1.85
1.42
0.61
2.17
C.
Projected 2000 Undercount by MSA and Center County
The Census Bureau does not currently publish 2000 population projections below the
state level. The most recent Census Bureau estimates available below the state level
with demographic detail is the 1990 to 1998 Annual Time Series of County
Population Estimates by Age, Sex, Race and Hispanic Origin. These estimates are
not adjusted for the census undercount. The 1998 estimates were aggregated into five
demographic groups (Black, American Indian/Eskimo/Aleut, Asian/Pacific Islander,
White Hispanic, White Non-Hispanic) by county and projected to 2000 levels.8
Adjusted 2000 county population counts were estimated using the adjustment factors
from the 1990 census. Specifically, for each of the five demographic groups within
each county, the adjusted 2000 population was estimated as the product of the
unadjusted 2000 population and the appropriate adjustment factor determined from
the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey (see Section II.A, above). Adjusted and
unadjusted 2000 population projections for metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs)
were calculated by aggregating the counties within each area.9 The Census 2000
undercount for each county was estimated as the difference between the county’s
adjusted and unadjusted 2000 population projection.
Metropolitan Areas
Because demographic groups with high undercount rates are more concentrated in
urban areas, undercount rates in MSAs are generally higher than the national average.
In total, the undercount rate for all MSAs reaches 1.82 percent. The 25 MSAs with
the highest undercount rates are shown in Table 3. The MSAs with the largest
estimated Census 2000 undercount rate are Flagstaff, AZ (5.28 percent); El Paso, TX
(4.32 percent); and Merced, CA (4.28 percent). In addition to Arizona, Texas, and
California, the top 25 list includes MSAs located in Florida, Washington, the District
of Columbia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, and Oregon. (The 2000
population projections for all MSAs are contained in Appendix B.)
8
The 1990-1998 growth rates by demographic group by county were used to project 2000 population
totals. The projections were controlled to match the Census Bureau’s 2000 projections at the state
level.
9
Metropolitan areas are designated as Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), Primary Metropolitan
Statistical Areas (PMSAs), and New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs) by the Census
Bureau. For simplicity, all three designations are referred to as MSAs in this report. For MSAs which
span state boundaries, components in separate states are reported in the state containing the
component.
7
Table 3. Census 2000 Undercount by Metropolitan Area: 25 MSAs with the
Largest Undercount Rates
MSA
2000 Population Projections
Without
With adjustment
adjustment for for undercount
undercount
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Number
Ratea
219,885,182
223,969,889
4,084,707
1.82
1. Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (AZ
115,603
portion)
2. El Paso, TX MSA
695,704
3. Merced, CA MSA
197,539
4. McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX
529,394
MSA
5. Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA
356,810
MSA
6. Fresno, CA MSA
878,648
7. Miami, FL PMSA
2,151,727
8. Corpus Christi, TX MSA
382,536
9. Yolo, CA PMSA
152,176
10. San Antonio, TX MSA
1,540,126
11. Salinas, CA MSA
359,044
12. Yakima, WA MSA
219,116
13. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
9,109,292
PMSA
14. Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV
523,328
PMSA (DC portion)
15. Jersey City, NJ PMSA
548,813
16. Bryan-College Station, TX MSA
134,511
17. Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA
554,293
18. Houston, TX PMSA
4,019,454
19. Santa Barbara-Santa Maria382,182
Lompoc, CA MSA
20. Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
1,162,314
21. Brownsville-Harlingen-San
325,178
Benito, TX MSA
22. Las Cruces, NM MSA
183,866
23. New York, NY PMSA
8,729,589
24. Bakersfield, CA MSA
634,278
25. Corvallis, OR MSA
79,643
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
a
Undercount as a percent of adjusted population.
122,042
6,438
5.28
727,138
206,382
552,940
31,434
8,842
23,546
4.32
4.28
4.26
372,135
15,326
4.12
916,099
2,241,902
397,393
158,020
1,599,034
372,718
227,350
9,450,954
37,450
90,176
14,858
5,844
58,908
13,675
8,234
341,662
4.09
4.02
3.74
3.70
3.68
3.67
3.62
3.62
542,830
19,502
3.59
568,647
139,182
573,393
4,157,348
395,191
19,833
4,671
19,100
137,894
13,009
3.49
3.36
3.33
3.32
3.29
1,201,692
336,155
39,378
10,978
3.28
3.27
190,039
9,020,776
655,175
82,244
6,173
291,187
20,897
2,600
3.25
3.23
3.19
3.16
Total, All MSAs
8
Center Counties
For purposes of this report, the “center county” of an MSA is defined as the county
containing the MSA’s central city.10 Where the central city boundary crosses a
county line, each county that contains a portion of the central city is treated as a
center county. In a few instances, an MSA has more than one central city. In these
cases the county containing each central city is treated as a center county.11
Because of their demographic composition, the center counties of the MSAs generally
experience undercount rates higher than the overall MSA. In total, the undercount
rate for all center counties reaches 2.04 percent. The 25 center counties with the
highest undercount rates are shown in Table 4. The three center counties with the
highest estimated Census 2000 undercount rates are Coconino County, AZ (5.28
percent), Bronx County, NY (5.25 percent), and El Paso County, TX (4.32 percent).
In addition to Arizona, New York, and Texas, the top 25 list contains counties in
California, Florida, Washington, the District of Columbia, New Jersey, Louisiana,
and Maryland. The 2000 population projections for all Center Counties are contained
in Appendix C. Appendix D presents the undercount totals and undercount rates for
the center counties by demographic group.
10
Note that this definition of center county, a term specific to this report, differs in a few cases from
the Census Bureau definition of “central county.” In some cases, the Bureau designates counties as
“central” even when they do not contain a central city. We have excluded such counties from our
definition of center county.
11
In addition to the counties containing central cities, we also identify and present results for the
remaining counties containing boroughs of New York City. Thus, we include Bronx County, Kings
County, Queens County, and Richmond County in our list and tables of counties containing central
cities.
9
Table 4. Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central City:
25 Counties with the Largest Undercount Rates
MSA
Total, Center Counties
2000 Population Projections
Without
With adjustment
adjustment for for undercount
undercount
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Number
Ratea
173,685,927
177,300,582
3,614,655
2.04
1. Coconino County, AZ
115,603
2. Bronx County, NY
1,203,154
3. El Paso County, TX
695,704
4. Merced County, CA
197,539
5. Hidalgo County, TX
529,394
6. Kings County, NY
2,266,301
7. Tulare County, CA
356,810
8. Fresno County, CA
760,018
9. New York County, NY
1,567,069
10. Madera County, CA
118,631
11. Miami-Dade County, FL
2,151,727
12. Bexar County, TX
1,345,373
13. Nueces County, TX
310,288
14. Yolo County, CA
152,176
15. Travis County, TX
733,808
16. Monterey County, CA
359,044
17. Franklin County, WA
46,862
18. Yakima County, WA
219,116
19. Los Angeles County, CA
9,109,292
20. District of Columbia
523,328
21. Harris County, TX
3,236,068
22. Hudson County, NJ
548,813
23. San Patricio County, TX
72,248
24. Orleans Parish, LA
461,364
25. Baltimore City, MD
627,252
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
a
Undercount as a percent of adjusted population.
122,042
1,269,772
727,138
206,382
552,940
2,364,112
372,135
792,449
1,633,366
123,649
2,241,902
1,399,723
322,595
158,020
761,968
372,718
48,644
227,350
9,450,954
542,830
3,356,335
568,647
74,798
477,626
649,222
6,438
66,618
31,434
8,842
23,546
97,812
15,326
32,432
66,297
5,019
90,176
54,350
12,307
5,844
28,160
13,675
1,782
8,234
341,662
19,502
120,267
19,833
2,551
16,262
21,970
5.28
5.25
4.32
4.28
4.26
4.14
4.12
4.09
4.06
4.06
4.02
3.88
3.81
3.70
3.70
3.67
3.66
3.62
3.62
3.59
3.58
3.49
3.41
3.40
3.38
10
III.
FUNDING EFFECT OF CENSUS 2000 UNDERCOUNT
A. Federal Programs Analyzed
This study examines the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of
funds under eight federal grant programs: (1) Medicaid; (2) Foster Care; (3)
Rehabilitation Services Basic Support; (4) Social Services Block Grant; (5) Substance
Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant; (6) Adoption Assistance; (7) Child
Care and Development Block Grant; and (8) Vocational Education Basic Grants.
These eight programs account for all of the funding shifts identified in the General
Accounting Office study of the effects of the 1990 census undercount on federal
funding to states in fiscal year 1998.
According to the Congressional Research Service, $185 billion in federal grants was
allocated to states and localities using census population data in FY 1998. The GAO
study focused on 25 large formula grant programs, representing 90 percent of the
total. Of the 25 programs analyzed in the GAO study, ten programs (amounting to
$20 billion) were excluded because their funding formulae depended on population
variables for which undercount rates are not available (e.g., the population below the
poverty line). Of the remaining 15 programs, seven of the programs (amounting to
$30 billion) were not affected by the undercount because the formulae used
population figures adjusted for the undercount or the formulae had components which
made the undercount immaterial.
The remaining eight programs (listed in Table 5) were affected by the undercount.
These programs represent over 82 percent of the funding under programs over $500
million that depend on unadjusted census counts.
Table 5: Federal Grant Programs and FY 1998 Obligations
[Obligations in billions of dollars; Programs over $500 million affected by census undercount]
Program
Obligations
a
Medicaid
Foster Care
Social Services Block Grant
Rehabilitation Services Basic Support
Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant
Vocational Education Basic Grants
Child Care and Development Block Grant
Adoption Assistance
Subtotal, eight programs included in study
Total, federal grants over $500 million affected by census
undercounta
$100.5
3.5
2.3
2.2
1.4
1.0
1.0
0.7
112.6
$136.7
Calculated by subtracting the funding for the seven programs found by GAO to be unaffected
by the undercount ($30 billion) from the funding for the 25 largest programs allocated using
census figures ($167 billion).
Source: Budget of the United States, FY 2000, GAO, and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
11
B.
Current Services Funding Levels over FY 2002-2012 Period
Depending on the first year of impact, Census 2000 will affect federal grant
allocations over the 2002-2011 or the 2003-2012 period.12
For each of the eight federal grant programs analyzed in this report, the
Administration’s FY 2000 budget projects Current Services funding levels through
2009. The Current Services Budget estimates funding levels necessary to continue
programs at a level equal to the most recently funded year (i.e., 1999 for the 2000
budget). In essence, it is a prediction of the funding necessary to support current law
expenditures over the budget period.
The Current Services Budget projects funding of discretionary programs will grow
with inflation. Unlike entitlement programs, the funding of discretionary programs is
dependent on the annual Congressional appropriations process. Three of the eight
federal grant programs included in this study are classified as discretionary: (1)
Substance Abuse Block Grant, (2) Vocational Education, and (3) Child Care and
Development Block Grant. The Current Services Budget projects that funding for
entitlement programs will grow with the underlying eligible population and inflation.
Three of the federal programs included in this study are classified as entitlement
programs: (1) Medicaid, (2) Foster Care, and (3) Adoption Assistance. The
remaining two programs included in this study, Social Services Block Grant and
Rehabilitation Services, are mandatory programs that are projected to grow at rates
consistent with their enacting legislation.
The fiscal year 2000 budget includes Current Services funding levels through 2009.
Funding levels for the eight programs included in this study were extrapolated
through 2012 based on the growth rates projected by the Office of Management and
Budget over the FY 2000-2009 budget period (see Table 6).13
Assuming the Current Services spending levels, census population counts from
Census 2000 will be used to distribute almost $2.3 trillion over the 2002-2012 fiscal
year period.
12
This report assumes that the effects Census 2000 are not incorporated until 2000 population figures
are used in allocation formulas. If population estimates from earlier years, such as 1999, are adjusted
consistent with Census 2000, allocations could be affected before 2002.
13
The Administration’s FY 2000 budget projects that the GDP price index (a measure of inflation) will
rise at 2.1 percent annually over the 2000-2009 period. Accordingly, Current Services funding levels
for discretionary programs are extrapolated through 2012 assuming an annual growth rate of 2.1
percent. The Current Services Budget projects slowing growth for the entitlement programs; this trend
is assumed to continue over the 2010-2012 period. Current Services funding levels for the remaining
mandatory programs are extrapolated over the 2010-1012 period using their annual growth rates over
the 2000-2009 budget period (2.3 percent for Rehabilitation Services, zero percent for the Social
Services Block Grant).
12
Table 6. Current Services Budget Projections for Eight Federal Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012
[Fiscal Years; Millions of Dollars]
Program
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012 2002-2012
1. Medicaid
- $141,197 $152,321 $164,900 $178,800 $193,600 $209,400 $226,000 $243,403 $261,609 $280,616 $2,051,846
2. Foster Care
-
5,724
6,150
6,612
7,110
7,645
8,222
8,843
9,506
10,219
10,985
81,016
3. Adoption Assistance
-
1,564
1,804
2,061
2,360
2,675
3,034
3,442
3,903
4,426
5,019
30,289
2,448
2,504
2,562
2,621
2,681
2,743
2,806
2,870
2,937
3,004
-
27,176
5. Substance Abuse Prevention
and Treatment Block Grant
-
1,725
1,761
1,798
1,836
1,875
1,914
1,954
1,995
2,037
2,080
18,977
6. Social Services Block Grant
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
1,700
-
17,000
7. Vocational Education
Basic Grants
1,113
1,137
1,161
1,185
1,210
1,236
1,262
1,288
1,315
1,343
-
12,252
8. Child Care and Development
Block Grant
1,063
1,086
1,108
1,131
1,155
1,179
1,204
1,229
1,255
1,282
-
11,693
4. Rehabilitation Services
Basic Support
Total
$6,324 $156,637 $168,567 $182,009 $196,853 $212,653 $229,542 $247,327 $266,014 $285,620 $298,701 $2,250,248
Source: Administration Fiscal Year 2000 Budget and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: Baseline estimates are shown for the 10-year period over which funding levels are affected by Census 2000.
13
C.
Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on States
State allocation shares under federal grant programs are determined before the onset
of the funding year; thus, state allocations for the current year are based on population
estimates from several years earlier. The Census Bureau publishes population
estimates for the years between decennial censuses. These estimates are based on the
decennial population enumeration and are updated using administrative records (e.g.,
birth and death certificates). Consequently, errors in the decennial population count
persist for ten years, until the next census enumeration. Consequently, the Census
2000 undercount will affect federal grant allocations over a ten-year period.
For example, the funding formula for the Social Services Block Grant program
depends on population estimates from the second prior year. Thus, Census 2000 will
affect Social Services Block Grant allocations over the 2002-2011 period. For the
eight programs included in this report, Census 2000 will first affect grant allocations
in either 2002 or 2003, and the effect will persist over the 2002-2011 or 2003-2012
period, depending on the program.
The effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the allocation of federal funds to states
initially was calculated for a base year and then extrapolated to the 2002-2012 period.
The base year for each grant program was determined as the most recent year for
which data were available for all of the variables (other than population) in the
funding formula. For example, the formula for Vocational Education depends on
personal income by state as released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).
The most recent personal income figures available are for 1998; consequently, the
base year for the Vocational Education program in this study is 2000.
Once a base year was established for each program, state funding allocations were
calculated using both official and adjusted 2000 state population projections. These
calculations take into account all elements of the current funding formulae, including
hold harmless and minimum share provisions. Each state’s share of national program
funding in the base year could then be determined under both the official and adjusted
2000 population projections. The difference between these two shares of national
program funding is an estimate of the impact of the Census 2000 undercount on the
state’s allocation of federal funds. For example, suppose that a state’s share of
federal program funds increases from 3.0 percent to 3.1 percent, in the base year, as a
result of using adjusted versus official 2000 population projections. For this state, the
effect of the Census 2000 undercount is estimated to be a loss of 0.1 percent (3.1
percent minus 3.0 percent) of national program funding.
For the eight federal grant programs analyzed in this study, the Census 2000
undercount is estimated to reduce federal funding in 26 states and the District of
Columbia by $9.l billion over the 2002-2012 period (see Table 7). In 2003 alone, the
undercount is estimated to reduce federal funds allocated to these states by $636
million. By comparison, the General Accounting Office estimated that the effect of
the 1990 census undercount on these federal programs was to shift $449 million
among states. The 42 percent increase in the estimated impact of the census
14
undercount between 1998 and 2003 (from $449 million to $636 million) reflects both
the increase in the undercount rate between the 1990 and 2000 censuses and the
underlying growth in federal grant programs.
States that are counted relatively well in the census are estimated to receive higher
levels of federal funding as a result of the undercount; however, the additional federal
funds received by these states are less than the loss of federal funds in the other states.
The effect of census undercounts on the federal funding of entitlement programs is
not a “zero-sum game” among the states because an increase in funding to one state
does not require a reduction in funding to other states. For the federal programs
analyzed in this study, federal funds allocated to all 50 states and the District of
Columbia are estimated to be $722 million less over the 2002-2012 fiscal year period
as a result of the Census 2000 undercount.
In the District of Columbia and the 26 states that are estimated to lose federal funding
as a result of the Census 2000 undercount, the losses of funds over the 2002-2012
period for the eight analyzed programs range between insignificant and over $5,000
per person missed by the census in each jurisdictions (see Table 8).14 The funding
loss in these states and the District of Columbia in 2003, the first year fully impacted
by the undercount, averages $159 per uncounted individual. This figure is
comparable to GAO’s 1998 estimate of $145 per uncounted individual.
Of the eight federal programs analyzed in this report, Medicaid accounts for 91
percent of the federal funds that would be shifted as a result of the Census 2000
undercount. As a percent of total program funding, the programs most affected by the
Census 2000 undercount are Rehabilitation Services (0.62 percent) and the Child
Care and Development Block Grant (0.58 percent). Table 9 summarizes the impact
of the Census 2000 undercount by program.
14
Because of statutory provisions which guarantee minimum reimbursement rates, Medicaid funding
for certain states would remain the same using either adjusted or unadjusted population counts. Some
states, like New York, receive the minimum reimbursement of 50 percent of state expenditures under
adjusted or unadjusted figures. The District of Columbia has a reimbursement rate set by statute at 70
percent. These areas experience significant undercounts, but the Medicaid minimum reimbursement
provisions limit the federal funding losses from the undercount. Table F-5 in Appendix F lists the
effect of the census undercount on state funding levels under the Medicaid program.
15
Table 7. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State on Eight Federal
Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012
[Fiscal Years; Millions of Dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2002
-*
-*
-0.9
*
-12.3
-0.4
0.4
-*
-0.2
-1.6
-1.1
-*
-0.1
2.3
2.1
1.1
0.9
0.2
-0.5
0.4
-0.7
1.6
3.1
1.6
-0.3
1.7
-0.2
0.5
-0.3
0.3
1.6
-0.6
0.1
-0.4
0.2
3.3
-0.1
-0.1
4.3
0.4
-0.3
0.2
-0.1
-7.0
0.3
0.1
-0.7
-0.2
0.2
1.6
-*
2003
-$0.1
-1.5
-14.4
0.3
-350.9
-0.5
0.6
-*
-0.2
-35.5
-19.0
-1.4
-2.0
3.0
37.0
19.8
12.8
3.7
-12.8
10.6
-0.8
2.1
77.3
46.4
-4.3
46.5
-1.8
11.9
-1.7
0.3
2.2
-11.1
-0.2
-9.1
2.8
86.3
-1.0
-3.9
160.8
17.2
-5.7
2.2
-1.1
-133.8
0.1
3.1
-12.3
-8.7
3.8
34.0
-0.9
2004
-$0.2
-1.6
-15.5
0.3
-377.8
-0.5
0.6
-*
-0.2
-38.2
-20.4
-1.5
-2.2
3.1
39.8
21.3
13.8
3.9
-13.7
11.4
-0.8
2.1
83.3
49.9
-4.7
50.1
-1.9
12.8
-1.8
0.3
2.3
-12.0
-0.2
-9.8
3.0
92.9
-1.1
-4.2
173.1
18.5
-6.1
2.4
-1.2
-143.8
0.1
3.3
-13.3
-9.3
4.1
36.6
-0.9
2005
-$0.2
-1.8
-16.7
0.3
-408.0
-0.5
0.6
-*
-0.2
-41.2
-22.1
-1.6
-2.4
3.2
42.9
23.0
14.9
4.2
-14.8
12.3
-0.8
2.1
90.0
53.9
-5.0
54.1
-2.1
13.9
-1.9
0.3
2.3
-12.9
-0.2
-10.6
3.3
100.3
-1.1
-4.6
187.1
20.0
-6.6
2.6
-1.3
-155.1
0.1
3.6
-14.3
-10.1
4.5
39.5
-1.0
2006
-$0.2
-1.9
-18.1
0.3
-441.4
-0.5
0.6
-*
-0.2
-44.6
-23.8
-1.8
-2.5
3.2
46.4
24.9
16.0
4.6
-16.1
13.4
-0.9
2.2
97.4
58.3
-5.5
58.5
-2.2
15.0
-2.0
0.3
2.4
-13.9
-0.2
-11.5
3.5
108.5
-1.2
-4.9
202.4
21.7
-7.2
2.8
-1.4
-167.6
0.1
3.9
-15.5
-10.9
4.8
42.8
-1.1
2012
-$0.3
-3.0
-26.8
0.5
-672.8
-0.2
0.3
0.0
0.0
-67.3
-35.5
-2.7
-3.9
0.9
69.3
37.5
23.7
6.9
-24.3
20.4
-0.1
0.5
148.9
88.9
-8.1
88.8
-3.2
22.7
-2.5
0.0
0.8
-20.9
-0.4
-17.4
5.2
164.7
-1.8
-7.5
310.3
33.6
-10.8
4.1
-2.2
-250.9
-0.3
6.0
-23.2
-16.8
7.2
64.7
-1.6
2002-2012
-$2.3
-22.0
-205.8
3.7
-5,047.8
-5.4
6.2
-0.4
-2.1
-509.3
-272.0
-20.3
-29.1
32.6
529.3
284.7
182.8
52.3
-183.6
152.8
-8.7
22.1
1,116.5
667.0
-62.2
668.5
-25.2
171.2
-22.4
3.1
24.1
-159.1
-1.8
-131.2
40.1
1,240.1
-14.2
-56.4
2,316.2
248.8
-81.9
31.9
-16.2
-1,912.2
0.8
44.7
-176.7
-125.1
54.9
488.9
-12.3
Percent of Total
Funding
-0.01%
-0.36%
-0.71%
0.02%
-2.15%
-0.03%
0.02%
-0.01%
-0.02%
-0.61%
-0.62%
-0.30%
-0.37%
0.04%
1.50%
1.45%
1.25%
0.13%
-0.37%
1.01%
-0.03%
0.04%
1.50%
2.10%
-0.21%
1.39%
-0.43%
1.26%
-0.34%
0.04%
0.04%
-0.94%
-*
-0.19%
0.77%
1.37%
-0.06%
-0.24%
2.21%
2.20%
-0.23%
0.58%
-0.03%
-1.45%
0.01%
0.68%
-0.61%
-0.32%
0.26%
1.38%
-0.42%
Total, United States
$0.0 -$49.8 -$53.7 -$58.1 -$63.0
-$98.6
-$721.9
-0.03%
Funding Gains
$28.7 $586.1 $630.4 $680.3 $735.4
$1,106.2
$8,396.3
0.38%
Funding Losses
-$9,118.2
-0.42%
-$28.7 -$636.0 -$684.1 -$738.4 -$798.3
-$1,204.8
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a gain of less than $50,000; a negative asterisk (-*), a loss of less than $50,000 or 0.005%.
16
Table 8. Estimated Funding Effect of Census
2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Programs:
States with High Undercounts, FY 2002-2012
State
Funding Loss
Per Uncounted
Individual
Alabama
-$28
Alaska
-1,609
Arizona
-1,677
California
-5,004
Colorado
-60
Delaware
-25
District of Columbia
-106
Florida
-1,512
Georgia
-1,514
Hawaii
-828
Idaho
-946
Louisiana
-1,847
Maryland
-72
Mississippi
-1,030
Montana
-1,105
Nevada
-463
New Mexico
-2,642
New York
-5
North Carolina
-870
Oklahoma
-226
Oregon
-839
South Carolina
-1,030
Tennessee
-159
Texas
-3,145
Virginia
-1,178
Washington
-1,086
Wyoming
-$1,066
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
17
Table 9. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by Federal Grant
Program, FY 2002-2012
[Millions of Dollars]
Total
Funding
Medicaid
State Funding State Funding Losses as a
Gains as a
Losses Due to Gains Due to
Percent of
Percent of
Undercount
Undercount Total Funding Total Funding
$1,996,846
-$8,309
$7,664
-0.42%
0.38%
Foster Care
80,991
-303
226
-0.37%
0.28%
Rehabilitation Services
Basic Support
27,176
-169
169
-0.62%
0.62%
Social Services Block Grant
16,905
-63
63
-0.38%
0.38%
Substance Abuse Prevention
and Treatment Block Grant
17,757
-89
89
-0.50%
0.50%
Adoption Assistance
30,289
-106
106
-0.35%
0.35%
Child Care and Development
Block Grant
11,693
-67
67
-0.58%
0.58%
Vocational Education
Basic Grants
11,394
-11
11
-0.10%
0.10%
$2,193,052
-$9,118
$8,396
-0.42%
0.38%
Total
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: Total funding levels reflect totals of amounts distributed to states. Amounts distributed to territories and
undistributed amounts are excluded.
18
D.
Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on MSAs
This section analyzes the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on metropolitan areas.
The metropolitan area effects are estimated under the assumption that states allocate
federal funds among MSAs in proportion to their official census population counts.
The Census 2000 undercount can affect federal funding to metropolitan areas in two
ways. First, the undercount at the state level affects the allocation of funds among the
states, which alters the amount of funds that states have available to pass through to
local governments (the “between-state” funding effect). For example, the Census
2000 undercount is estimated to cause the state of Illinois to receive a larger share of
the federal funds under the programs analyzed than it would with an accurate census
count (other states, therefore, receive a smaller share because of the undercount).
Metropolitan areas in the state, such as Chicago, benefit from the fact that the state
receives these additional funds. The between-state effect measures the effect on
metropolitan areas of the funding shifts among the states due to the census
undercount.
Second, the undercount at the local level may affect a state’s allocation of federal
funds among its counties (the “within-state” funding effect). Assuming the state
allocates funds to local areas within the state using population counts, any undercount
would distort the flow of funds within the state. Because Chicago is estimated to
experience a high undercount rate relative to the other areas in Illinois, it receives a
smaller share of the state funds than it would have gotten under an accurate census
count. Therefore, it experiences a negative within-state effect. The within-state
effect measures the impact of the undercount on funding allocations within states.
The “net” funding effect of the census undercount on a metropolitan area is the sum
of the between-state and within-state funding effects. Because the between-state and
within-state effects could have the same or different signs, the net effect could be
larger or smaller than the between-state or within-state effects alone.
1.
Between-State Funding Effect
For the metropolitan areas within each state, the between-state funding effect was
estimated in three steps. First, the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the state’s
level of federal funding was calculated for the 2002-2012 period (see section III.C.,
above). Second, the funding effect at the state level was apportioned among the
counties in proportion to their unadjusted population counts. Third, between-state
funding effects at the MSA level were determined by summing the county-level
effects. Thus, metropolitan areas in states that lose federal funding as a result of the
Census 2000 undercount are each estimated to share proportionately in this funding
loss.
19
2.
Within-State Funding Effect
For the metropolitan areas within each state, the within-state funding effect was
estimated in five steps. First, the state’s share of federal funding over the 2002-2012
period was determined based on adjusted 2000 population counts (as described in
section III.C., above). Second, state funding was apportioned among the counties in
proportion to their projected 2000 adjusted census counts. Third, state funding was
apportioned among the counties in proportion to their projected 2000 official
(unadjusted) census counts. Fourth, the within-state funding effect was estimated by
subtracting the county funding levels determined in step two (based on adjusted
population counts) from step three (based on official population counts). Finally,
within-state funding effects at the MSA level were determined by aggregating the
county-level effects.
Metropolitan areas with an undercount rate higher than the overall state average have
a negative within-state funding effect, while relatively well counted areas have a
positive within-state funding effect.
3.
Net Funding Effect
For the metropolitan areas within each state, the net funding effect of the Census
2000 undercount over the 2002-2012 period was calculated as the sum of the
between-state and within-state funding effects. For any metropolitan area, these two
funding effects can work in the same or opposite directions. For example, Chicago is
estimated to have a positive $22 million between-state funding effect, because the
State of Illinois is relatively well counted by the census. However, Chicago is
estimated to have a negative $147 million within-state funding effect because it is
relatively poorly counted by the census compared to other jurisdictions within the
state. Thus, the net federal funding effect in Chicago of the Census 2000 undercount
is negative $125 million ($147 million less $22 million) over the 2002-2012 period,
because the funding loss from the within-state effect is larger than the funding gain
from the between-state effect.
In total, the 169 metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount lose $11.1
billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012 period, or $3,391 per uncounted person
in these jurisdictions. The within-state effects cause the sum of the losses by
metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount to exceed the loss by states
adversely affected by the undercount ($9.1 billion).
Table 10 shows the net funding effect of the Census 2000 undercount on the 25
MSAs that are estimated to experience the largest loss in federal funding over the
2002-2012 period. The New York, NY metropolitan area is estimated to suffer the
largest federal funding loss ($2.3 billion), followed by Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA
($1.8 billion) and Houston, TX ($0.5 billion). Results for all MSAs are shown in
Appendix G.
20
This analysis only considers the effect of the Census 2000 undercount on federal
funds allocated to local governments. Because a variety of state grant programs are
also distributed to local governments on the basis of official population counts, the
total shift in funds from federal and state grant programs will likely be larger than the
estimates in this report.
Table 10. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 25 MSAs with Largest Funding Losses, FY 2002-2012
[Dollar amounts in thousands]
MSA
Net Funding
Effect
1. New York, NY PMSA
2. Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA
3. Houston, TX PMSA
4. Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA
5. San Diego, CA MSA
6. Miami, FL PMSA
7. Oakland, CA PMSA
8. Dallas, TX PMSA
9. Orange County, CA PMSA
10. San Antonio, TX MSA
11. Fresno, CA MSA
12. San Jose, CA PMSA
13. San Francisco, CA PMSA
14. Atlanta, GA MSA
15. Sacramento, CA PMSA
16. Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
17. El Paso, TX MSA
18. Chicago, IL PMSA
19. Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA
20. Jersey City, NJ PMSA
21. Bakersfield, CA MSA
22. Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA
23. McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA
24. New Orleans, LA MSA
25. Newark, NJ PMSA
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
21
-$2,260,671
-1,836,419
-488,298
-441,468
-371,816
-301,651
-299,321
-298,844
-296,314
-226,421
-209,253
-188,284
-179,890
-157,499
-157,478
-137,984
-133,519
-124,952
-115,273
-110,615
-107,199
-99,667
-99,185
-97,116
-$88,969
E.
Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Center Counties
The demographic make-up of the central city within a metropolitan area frequently is
quite different than the surrounding suburbs. As a result, census undercount rates can
vary dramatically between the central city and the surrounding metropolitan area, and
this can affect the allocation of federal grants within metropolitan areas. These intrametropolitan area funding effects are shown in Table 11, which reports the net effect
of the Census 2000 undercount on federal funding to the 25 center counties most
adversely affected by the undercount. (Funding effects for all center counties are
contained in Appendix H.) The center county within an MSA is the county that
contains the MSA’s central city. For central cities that span several counties, funding
effects are reported for each county that includes part of the central city.
The three center counties that are estimated to suffer the largest loss in federal
funding over the 2002-2012 period as a result of the Census 2000 undercount are:
Los Angeles County, CA ($1.8 billion); Kings County, NY ($1.0 billion); and Bronx
County, NY ($0.8 billion).
Because this analysis ignores any state and metropolitan programs that could
contribute funds to counties, the figures presented here could underestimate the
impact of the Census 2000 undercount. If state and local programs rely on population
counts to distribute funds to counties, the distortions caused by the undercount could
be larger.
22
Table 11. Estimated Effect of Census 2000 Undercount on Eight Federal Grant
Programs: 25 Center Counties with the Largest Funding Loss, FY 2002-2012
[Dollar amounts in thousands]
Center County
Net Funding
Effect
1. Los Angeles County, CA
2. Kings County, NYa
3. Bronx County, NYa
4. New York County, NYa
5. Harris County, TX
6. San Diego County, CA
7. Miami-Dade County, FL
8. Orange County, CA
9. Dallas County, TX
10. Queens County, NYa
11. San Bernardino County, CA
12. Alameda County, CA
13. Cook County, IL
14. Bexar County, TX
15. Riverside County, CA
16. Santa Clara County, CA
17. Fresno County, CA
18. Suffolk County, MA
19. El Paso County, TX
20. Sacramento County, CA
21. Essex County, NJ
22. San Francisco County, CA
23. Tarrant County, TX
24. Hudson County, NJ
25. Travis County, TX
-$1,836,419
-963,822
-760,928
-643,772
-453,026
-371,816
-301,651
-296,314
-255,883
-251,623
-234,917
-232,643
-219,003
-216,515
-206,551
-188,284
-181,270
-154,058
-133,519
-132,891
-131,641
-113,461
-113,168
-110,615
-$108,483
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
a
Although New York County, NY is the sole “center” county for New
York City, the counties containing the other boroughs of New York City
have also been included in the analysis.
23
IV.
CONCLUSION
Congress relies on the census for purposes of allocating various federal grant
programs to state governments. Inaccuracies in the census count can cause federal
funds to be distributed in a way that is not fully consistent with congressional intent.
Many state-funded grant programs to localities also rely on census counts,
compounding the misallocation of grant money. From the perspective of jurisdictions
that are counted relatively poorly by the census, this translates into fewer services
provided by programs that generally are directed towards families with special needs.
By participating in Census 2000, all Americans can help ensure that their
communities are not short-changed in the allocation of federal and state program
funding.
This study expands on previous research by the GAO and U.S. Conference of
Mayors. First, the Census 2000 undercount is estimated using updated demographic
characteristics that affect undercount rates. Second, the funding effects of the
undercount are estimated for the entire decade affected by the census figures.
Using information from the 1990 census, the 1990 Post-Enumeration Survey, and
more recent census estimates, PwC projects Census 2000 will underestimate the
actual population by almost five million individuals, representing an undercount rate
of 1.75 percent of the true population. Using demographic analysis of confidential
administrative records to supplement undercount factors from the Post-Enumeration
Survey, the Census Bureau has estimated that the Census 2000 undercount rate will
be 1.9 percent of the true population.
Members of minority groups and children experience undercount rates that exceed
those for the rest of the population. The net undercount rate for children is estimated
to reach 3.36 percent, and the rate for certain minority groups exceeds five percent.
The census undercount affects the flow of federal funds to metropolitan areas both
because it shifts federal resources among state governments and because it alters the
way states allocate funds to localities. Because of the high undercount in urban areas,
the shift in federal funds due to the Census 2000 undercount is particularly large in
metropolitan areas and center counties.
For the eight federal grant programs analyzed in this study, the Census 2000
undercount is estimated to cause the District of Columbia and 26 states adversely
affected by the undercount to lose $9.1 billion in federal funding over the 2002-2012
fiscal year period. The shift in federal funds due to the Census 2000 undercount is
particularly large in metropolitan areas because relatively poorly counted
demographic groups are concentrated in urban areas. These areas not only share in
state losses from the undercount but also lose funds to other localities within the state
because of the high relative undercounts of urban areas. The federal funding loss to
the 169 metropolitan areas adversely affected by the undercount is estimated to reach
$11.1 billion over the period, or $3,391 per uncounted person in these jurisdictions.
Because this report does not include all population-based federal programs or any of
24
the state programs distributed using census data, these estimates should be treated as
conservative.
The census undercount not only redistributes funds among jurisdictions, it also causes
a net loss in federal funding to the states from entitlement programs such as Medicaid
and Foster Care. For the programs included in this study, the Census 2000
undercount is estimated to reduce federal funds to all states combined by $722
million over the 2002-2012 period.
25
APPENDICES
Appendix A: 2000 Population Projections and Estimated Undercounts by State
by Demographic Group
Table A-1. Unadjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race
Age Under 18
State
United States
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
State/US
Total
Total,
Under 18
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
274,633,905
70,781,407
10,014,370
663,336
127,362
228,528
4,450,583
653,293
4,797,526
2,631,383
32,521,102
4,168,224
3,284,142
767,559
523,328
15,233,224
7,874,792
1,257,404
1,346,506
12,050,818
6,044,528
2,899,829
2,668,263
3,994,566
4,424,618
1,259,170
5,274,608
6,198,746
9,678,943
4,829,798
2,815,743
5,540,378
949,657
1,705,467
1,871,299
1,224,230
8,177,791
1,860,397
18,146,185
7,777,253
661,689
11,318,718
3,372,514
3,397,161
12,202,050
997,607
3,858,023
777,073
5,657,161
20,119,335
2,207,013
616,803
6,997,006
5,858,392
1,840,983
5,326,324
524,700
1,104,468
200,568
1,312,642
653,862
9,350,149
1,049,427
791,018
190,171
125,540
3,506,925
2,069,354
328,839
377,236
3,140,343
1,517,111
705,395
698,076
962,092
1,213,834
292,733
1,318,962
1,495,987
2,495,197
1,236,236
766,855
1,392,230
239,751
443,596
450,570
304,562
2,004,061
534,676
4,620,574
1,907,829
167,733
2,816,476
860,897
809,667
2,902,303
244,722
969,625
210,147
1,376,305
5,708,788
719,151
151,580
1,696,537
1,459,829
403,489
1,344,623
138,666
9,465
9,122
382,601
10,557
3,771,138
185,164
87,266
7,143
8,174
571,256
53,350
21,143
35,972
422,904
40,701
16,933
45,371
8,357
26,099
2,616
48,466
121,114
79,423
30,202
5,307
25,123
6,395
20,317
84,025
5,152
267,915
234,688
687,218
33,504
2,517
50,604
38,563
63,980
99,563
22,428
11,104
2,814
15,246
2,047,238
48,473
1,488
69,785
120,340
2,888
42,189
10,969
1,150
754
10,413
820
101,282
7,269
12,187
1,258
2,153
52,962
5,643
1,667
1,016
19,412
2,859
921
2,558
854
2,981
265
8,972
38,889
6,712
2,451
733
1,890
330
1,024
3,495
687
48,723
5,643
207,660
3,719
139
5,428
2,699
2,124
16,868
5,084
1,480
181
1,439
50,051
1,970
158
7,170
5,153
275
3,330
435
169
465
12,975
262
43,478
4,150
868
85
111
3,813
678
975
1,116
2,875
567
437
1,229
158
467
61
589
1,358
1,992
1,403
92
682
541
477
1,941
64
1,961
4,916
5,732
594
139
881
3,514
2,169
1,103
437
178
341
276
12,467
1,422
24
835
4,480
48
1,349
418
440
481
5,568
302
90,797
3,426
1,448
216
2,152
8,652
1,690
19,516
694
7,556
1,072
532
1,089
463
1,729
116
6,624
2,196
1,945
1,303
179
897
168
512
2,466
98
6,125
2,567
13,469
1,403
89
1,304
1,339
1,869
3,112
621
659
80
530
19,408
1,326
77
3,432
5,307
223
1,069
192
See note at end of table.
Appendix A-1
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
45,375,994 10,604,891
729,195
126,392
730,136
497,200
3,470,988
756,855
573,684
132,803
25,933
2,067,450
1,242,687
70,590
325,600
1,972,664
1,296,622
649,382
570,123
858,353
672,829
283,780
770,771
1,143,613
1,885,038
1,064,971
410,250
1,134,505
204,668
383,726
292,616
291,793
1,224,257
205,925
2,611,354
1,286,818
147,381
2,300,774
621,950
676,843
2,341,792
189,719
589,360
175,244
1,046,162
2,657,688
623,662
146,576
1,136,323
1,139,854
381,400
1,118,921
118,774
351,371
8,791
47,755
135,272
648,984
54,211
92,362
44,194
83,929
733,197
722,392
5,908
1,857
599,920
155,692
20,844
55,958
84,755
486,539
1,229
423,830
110,826
457,460
55,971
341,031
205,727
933
24,132
39,002
2,140
330,143
9,932
820,258
527,250
1,307
414,410
90,521
18,277
372,628
14,844
356,146
1,630
293,723
754,506
6,183
914
405,687
52,535
15,402
120,938
1,445
Asian/
Pacific Is.
696,366
3,070,560
3,710
38,995
97,843
4,132
43,843
9,410
1,333
452
171
8,770
3,328
1,326
6,244
4,309
3,062
2,850
7,088
1,415
5,133
1,726
3,100
2,584
16,312
24,315
3,101
5,721
24,289
6,066
6,990
605
3,994
64,743
14,389
28,206
14,359
4,684
88,973
13,423
4,091
1,684
2,000
28,026
3,058
14,539
15,140
470
3,300
31,441
458
16,232
4,933
8,968
15,568
25,351
5,317
1,179,639
28,942
21,870
4,020
2,917
60,825
39,586
207,714
4,737
110,703
16,536
13,496
14,660
7,737
18,057
2,940
56,610
75,407
46,315
55,620
6,162
17,685
2,427
7,342
20,035
4,023
120,943
6,262
260,494
26,335
1,802
38,391
13,338
30,982
63,146
9,905
8,698
1,831
15,871
152,891
20,975
1,873
70,005
100,719
2,795
40,595
1,500
Table A-1. Unadjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued
Age 18 and Over
State
United States
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
State/US
Total
Total, 18
and Over
274,633,905
203,852,498
18,456,734
1,222,935
219,910
432,359
4,450,583
653,293
4,797,526
2,631,383
32,521,102
4,168,224
3,284,142
767,559
523,328
15,233,224
7,874,792
1,257,404
1,346,506
12,050,818
6,044,528
2,899,829
2,668,263
3,994,566
4,424,618
1,259,170
5,274,608
6,198,746
9,678,943
4,829,798
2,815,743
5,540,378
949,657
1,705,467
1,871,299
1,224,230
8,177,791
1,860,397
18,146,185
7,777,253
661,689
11,318,718
3,372,514
3,397,161
12,202,050
997,607
3,858,023
777,073
5,657,161
20,119,335
2,207,013
616,803
6,997,006
5,858,392
1,840,983
5,326,324
524,700
3,346,115
452,725
3,484,884
1,977,521
23,170,953
3,118,797
2,493,124
577,388
397,788
11,726,299
5,805,438
928,565
969,270
8,910,475
4,527,417
2,194,434
1,970,187
3,032,474
3,210,784
966,437
3,955,646
4,702,759
7,183,746
3,593,562
2,048,888
4,148,148
709,906
1,261,871
1,420,729
919,668
6,173,730
1,325,721
13,525,611
5,869,424
493,956
8,502,242
2,511,617
2,587,494
9,299,747
752,885
2,888,398
566,926
4,280,856
14,410,547
1,487,862
465,223
5,300,469
4,398,563
1,437,494
3,981,701
386,034
21,824
16,404
616,163
20,963
6,183,781
369,374
163,136
14,208
23,341
1,612,042
112,727
38,856
53,125
761,041
87,281
31,353
80,281
19,897
77,288
5,691
127,244
219,963
151,377
52,161
13,677
55,081
11,572
34,736
168,873
9,884
616,575
468,249
1,419,551
69,576
4,118
112,199
67,197
112,858
180,811
37,224
25,445
4,690
35,224
3,599,091
77,215
3,732
164,038
198,327
8,129
78,329
20,812
2,274
1,086
16,263
1,508
185,295
11,504
18,528
2,004
3,854
114,091
11,737
2,332
1,428
32,018
5,227
1,397
4,108
1,818
7,410
395
18,033
45,672
11,478
3,307
2,126
3,578
474
1,539
6,789
958
87,060
9,035
423,713
7,804
218
9,186
4,011
3,721
26,004
8,358
3,145
234
3,298
87,439
2,383
266
14,597
8,623
529
4,502
578
294
633
16,666
430
78,174
6,964
1,192
137
356
8,905
1,345
1,031
1,955
6,051
1,031
665
1,966
301
990
89
1,437
2,260
3,322
1,613
208
1,032
722
763
3,375
106
4,337
6,771
14,171
1,159
181
1,468
4,249
3,285
1,814
477
334
367
494
22,892
1,918
35
2,154
7,354
101
1,761
575
679
896
9,818
560
191,780
6,293
2,697
332
648
19,149
3,172
22,153
1,053
16,233
1,713
830
1,827
731
1,953
181
4,275
4,954
3,448
2,000
450
1,695
267
774
4,986
208
12,588
4,692
33,097
2,078
151
2,734
1,969
3,306
5,036
1,118
988
122
1,162
36,647
1,830
83
6,192
10,138
236
2,071
366
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
See note at end of table.
Appendix A-2
Asian/
Pacific Is.
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
151,685,250 22,963,371
2,502,106
334,942
2,522,950
1,657,559
12,090,860
2,510,922
2,048,580
449,808
126,476
8,337,477
4,027,310
292,200
885,865
6,580,952
4,041,284
2,087,265
1,722,870
2,785,185
2,118,753
946,240
2,599,702
4,038,422
5,904,766
3,322,581
1,344,188
3,610,904
655,755
1,155,682
1,073,137
891,507
4,333,380
705,833
9,028,849
4,461,156
464,206
7,371,269
2,031,124
2,312,986
8,118,663
660,817
2,034,724
522,678
3,561,178
8,614,515
1,337,168
454,077
3,924,980
3,741,848
1,376,508
3,612,372
350,671
781,871
17,975
102,333
272,159
1,488,557
124,182
200,416
98,405
231,505
1,426,520
1,539,676
20,671
4,244
1,212,731
339,244
39,588
110,843
200,200
951,827
3,288
1,038,967
220,775
960,044
95,962
668,907
416,019
2,536
45,852
88,828
5,075
774,379
24,094
1,848,100
1,198,481
3,404
891,583
185,588
41,325
808,419
25,790
795,290
3,402
631,299
1,651,878
11,560
1,863
988,717
126,612
41,960
197,454
2,973
Asian/
Pacific Is.
1,358,368
7,513,571
13,533
51,945
134,393
11,055
126,154
20,758
4,426
1,627
680
30,143
12,012
3,298
11,503
13,882
10,316
5,222
15,613
4,878
12,808
4,042
10,374
7,752
38,845
36,178
5,548
16,486
33,835
8,156
17,877
1,740
10,304
91,974
38,036
63,431
17,786
15,835
183,633
31,315
11,727
2,549
6,264
31,855
9,488
45,676
18,175
1,323
12,279
64,112
1,931
28,739
6,857
23,534
28,844
66,298
13,287
2,826,352
68,800
54,149
10,867
10,928
177,972
97,459
548,024
10,097
287,567
41,321
28,114
32,679
19,464
39,755
6,511
155,614
162,961
110,466
79,760
13,784
43,353
4,745
14,369
56,864
10,190
335,107
15,073
720,094
65,739
3,892
97,968
33,846
78,698
147,273
16,552
22,208
3,578
38,713
352,409
37,613
3,844
187,512
241,549
8,100
56,473
3,202
Table A-1. Unadjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued
All Ages
State
United States
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
State/US
Total
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
White
White
Black
274,633,905
28,471,104
1,886,271
347,272
660,887 197,061,244
4,450,583
653,293
4,797,526
2,631,383
32,521,102
4,168,224
3,284,142
767,559
523,328
15,233,224
7,874,792
1,257,404
1,346,506
12,050,818
6,044,528
2,899,829
2,668,263
3,994,566
4,424,618
1,259,170
5,274,608
6,198,746
9,678,943
4,829,798
2,815,743
5,540,378
949,657
1,705,467
1,871,299
1,224,230
8,177,791
1,860,397
18,146,185
7,777,253
661,689
11,318,718
3,372,514
3,397,161
12,202,050
997,607
3,858,023
777,073
5,657,161
20,119,335
2,207,013
616,803
6,997,006
5,858,392
1,840,983
5,326,324
524,700
31,289
25,526
998,764
31,520
9,954,919
554,538
250,402
21,351
31,515
2,183,298
166,077
59,999
89,097
1,183,945
127,982
48,286
125,652
28,254
103,387
8,307
175,710
341,077
230,800
82,363
18,984
80,204
17,967
55,053
252,898
15,036
884,490
702,937
2,106,769
103,080
6,635
162,803
105,760
176,838
280,374
59,652
36,549
7,504
50,470
5,646,329
125,688
5,220
233,823
318,667
11,017
120,518
31,781
3,424
1,840
26,676
2,328
286,577
18,773
30,715
3,262
6,007
167,053
17,380
3,999
2,444
51,430
8,086
2,318
6,666
2,672
10,391
660
27,005
84,561
18,190
5,758
2,859
5,468
804
2,563
10,284
1,645
135,783
14,678
631,373
11,523
357
14,614
6,710
5,845
42,872
13,442
4,625
415
4,737
137,490
4,353
424
21,767
13,776
804
7,832
1,013
463
1,098
29,641
692
121,652
11,114
2,060
222
467
12,718
2,023
2,006
3,071
8,926
1,598
1,102
3,195
459
1,457
150
2,026
3,618
5,314
3,016
300
1,714
1,263
1,240
5,316
170
6,298
11,687
19,903
1,753
320
2,349
7,763
5,454
2,917
914
512
708
770
35,359
3,340
59
2,989
11,834
149
3,110
993
1,119
1,377
15,386
862
282,577
9,719
4,145
548
2,800
27,801
4,862
41,669
1,747
23,789
2,785
1,362
2,916
1,194
3,682
297
10,899
7,150
5,393
3,303
629
2,592
435
1,286
7,452
306
18,713
7,259
46,566
3,481
240
4,038
3,308
5,175
8,148
1,739
1,647
202
1,692
56,055
3,156
160
9,624
15,445
459
3,140
558
3,231,301
461,334
3,253,086
2,154,759
15,561,848
3,267,777
2,622,264
582,611
152,409
10,404,927
5,269,997
362,790
1,211,465
8,553,616
5,337,906
2,736,647
2,292,993
3,643,538
2,791,582
1,230,020
3,370,473
5,182,035
7,789,804
4,387,552
1,754,438
4,745,409
860,423
1,539,408
1,365,753
1,183,300
5,557,637
911,758
11,640,203
5,747,974
611,587
9,672,043
2,653,074
2,989,829
10,460,455
850,536
2,624,084
697,922
4,607,340
11,272,203
1,960,830
600,653
5,061,303
4,881,702
1,757,908
4,731,293
469,445
Black
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
33,568,262
2,054,734
10,584,131
1,133,242
26,766
150,088
407,431
2,137,541
178,393
292,778
142,599
315,434
2,159,717
2,262,068
26,579
6,101
1,812,651
494,936
60,432
166,801
284,955
1,438,366
4,517
1,462,797
331,601
1,417,504
151,933
1,009,938
621,746
3,469
69,984
127,830
7,215
1,104,522
34,026
2,668,358
1,725,731
4,711
1,305,993
276,109
59,602
1,181,047
40,634
1,151,436
5,032
925,022
2,406,384
17,743
2,777
1,394,404
179,147
57,362
318,392
4,418
17,243
90,940
232,236
15,187
169,997
30,168
5,759
2,079
851
38,913
15,340
4,624
17,747
18,191
13,378
8,072
22,701
6,293
17,941
5,768
13,474
10,336
55,157
60,493
8,649
22,207
58,124
14,222
24,867
2,345
14,298
156,717
52,425
91,637
32,145
20,519
272,606
44,738
15,818
4,233
8,264
59,881
12,546
60,215
33,315
1,793
15,579
95,553
2,389
44,971
11,790
32,502
44,412
91,649
18,604
4,005,991
97,742
76,019
14,887
13,845
238,797
137,045
755,738
14,834
398,270
57,857
41,610
47,339
27,201
57,812
9,451
212,224
238,368
156,781
135,380
19,946
61,038
7,172
21,711
76,899
14,213
456,050
21,335
980,588
92,074
5,694
136,359
47,184
109,680
210,419
26,457
30,906
5,409
54,584
505,300
58,588
5,717
257,517
342,268
10,895
97,068
4,702
Source: U.S. Census Bureau.
Note: Since preparation of this report, Census has released revised national population projections for 2000 to 275,306,000. The
projections used here are from Census Bureau report PPL-47 (See footnote 5 in text).
Appendix A-3
Table A-2. Adjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race
Age Under 18
State
United States
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
State/US
Total
Total,
Under 18
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
279,520,570
73,243,504
10,536,254
708,819
134,951
239,442
4,529,922
666,937
4,920,243
2,677,467
33,529,783
4,258,653
3,312,393
782,464
542,830
15,569,941
8,054,395
1,281,917
1,377,221
12,182,404
6,075,839
2,913,111
2,689,010
4,058,881
4,523,993
1,268,481
5,395,635
6,244,609
9,751,789
4,855,828
2,876,098
5,576,552
972,459
1,717,719
1,919,561
1,234,846
8,250,120
1,920,618
18,474,607
7,928,110
666,663
11,400,840
3,435,350
3,464,440
12,250,280
1,001,737
3,937,527
785,318
5,758,958
20,727,421
2,246,639
623,862
7,147,001
5,973,573
1,866,397
5,363,914
536,215
1,151,402
206,404
1,367,529
680,807
9,781,047
1,087,019
806,331
198,255
133,693
3,675,911
2,165,827
340,324
391,935
3,217,767
1,542,971
714,467
710,737
998,750
1,271,513
297,469
1,379,899
1,520,773
2,549,347
1,255,301
803,210
1,419,773
250,701
450,902
468,914
309,183
2,047,051
559,059
4,754,512
1,989,675
171,013
2,876,272
896,788
838,730
2,959,546
248,057
1,013,750
215,437
1,434,204
5,982,252
738,175
154,551
1,772,444
1,511,697
417,381
1,370,882
143,866
9,975
9,520
401,322
11,263
3,980,558
194,563
91,249
7,623
8,881
608,875
57,342
22,411
38,373
433,084
41,317
17,488
46,799
8,861
27,587
2,760
51,596
127,012
81,443
30,752
5,579
25,499
6,726
21,028
88,567
5,399
277,587
243,721
717,861
35,903
2,657
51,961
41,010
68,105
103,290
23,379
11,794
2,963
16,127
2,162,797
50,894
1,568
74,687
128,237
3,046
43,799
11,417
1,230
804
11,280
878
110,534
7,962
12,956
1,358
2,321
56,388
6,051
1,866
1,073
20,343
2,989
977
2,688
908
3,190
288
9,596
41,392
7,025
2,573
782
1,973
369
1,061
3,836
730
51,744
6,091
220,655
3,991
152
5,698
2,876
2,325
17,850
5,406
1,578
189
1,529
53,381
2,151
163
7,667
5,648
291
3,546
464
180
477
13,891
276
46,053
4,391
909
91
120
4,078
721
1,030
1,215
2,951
580
462
1,278
167
495
63
624
1,426
2,063
1,462
100
705
592
506
2,082
67
2,022
5,211
5,990
637
151
908
3,753
2,312
1,138
453
194
368
299
13,252
1,501
26
896
4,848
50
1,430
457
456
499
5,811
312
95,279
3,572
1,521
229
2,286
9,018
1,792
20,463
724
7,798
1,104
548
1,131
492
1,822
122
6,910
2,302
2,009
1,346
191
919
175
533
2,605
104
6,368
2,656
14,211
1,502
97
1,351
1,404
1,966
3,256
656
695
85
551
20,408
1,378
84
3,596
5,560
231
1,117
198
Appendix A-4
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
46,302,197 11,404,654
752,528
130,211
745,157
514,177
3,546,229
775,469
576,189
137,201
26,934
2,143,863
1,284,947
72,406
336,866
1,994,315
1,311,085
655,900
576,733
888,329
695,377
288,067
797,371
1,147,705
1,905,564
1,075,378
423,276
1,147,267
212,100
387,910
299,444
295,868
1,222,643
211,586
2,622,008
1,328,585
148,839
2,329,181
644,606
697,441
2,358,228
190,065
609,058
176,875
1,082,625
2,754,874
637,363
149,334
1,176,945
1,170,517
394,035
1,130,794
122,729
373,929
9,333
53,758
144,139
734,766
61,490
99,676
47,187
89,904
782,140
770,617
6,690
1,978
641,400
165,875
22,241
59,711
90,523
519,052
1,308
452,775
119,628
487,101
60,077
363,415
219,414
987
25,846
44,228
2,277
358,967
10,868
887,959
562,355
1,395
443,038
96,606
20,581
406,903
16,038
379,402
1,738
313,526
805,063
6,999
975
433,571
59,303
16,400
129,971
1,531
Asian/
Pacific Is.
745,513
3,171,674
3,830
39,472
110,305
4,306
45,459
9,780
1,353
470
180
9,259
3,476
1,355
6,863
4,403
3,103
2,941
7,279
1,484
5,330
1,837
3,269
2,629
16,742
25,881
3,433
5,830
27,259
6,476
7,525
621
4,012
72,466
14,800
29,541
15,856
4,757
92,824
14,122
4,136
1,698
2,077
31,334
3,177
15,222
16,345
493
3,471
33,643
478
17,383
5,527
9,274
16,087
26,005
5,457
1,222,168
29,792
22,478
4,096
3,068
62,290
40,881
214,102
4,843
113,471
16,917
13,909
15,119
7,986
18,661
3,024
57,759
78,679
47,401
57,832
6,434
18,166
2,493
7,542
20,627
4,117
123,707
6,460
271,028
27,162
1,865
39,378
13,709
31,879
64,746
10,363
8,952
1,885
16,371
157,255
21,544
1,908
71,611
103,942
2,852
42,840
1,542
Table A-2. Adjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued
Age 18 and Over
State
United States
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
State/US
Total
Total, 18
and Over
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
279,520,570 206,277,066
19,417,252
1,295,292
232,267
3,378,520
460,533
3,552,714
1,996,660
23,748,736
3,171,634
2,506,062
584,210
409,136
11,894,029
5,888,568
941,594
985,286
8,964,638
4,532,867
2,198,644
1,978,273
3,060,131
3,252,480
971,012
4,015,736
4,723,836
7,202,442
3,600,527
2,072,888
4,156,779
721,758
1,266,817
1,450,646
925,663
6,203,069
1,361,558
13,720,095
5,938,434
495,650
8,524,568
2,538,562
2,625,710
9,290,733
753,680
2,923,777
569,880
4,324,754
14,745,169
1,508,464
469,311
5,374,558
4,461,876
1,449,016
3,993,032
392,349
23,083
17,165
643,205
22,440
6,487,374
385,951
172,382
15,219
25,349
1,697,811
122,011
40,850
57,173
782,834
89,308
32,582
83,327
20,980
81,490
6,041
135,667
233,254
155,423
53,575
14,414
56,357
12,241
36,135
177,468
10,464
651,704
487,355
1,511,600
74,714
4,358
115,497
71,573
120,617
189,995
39,430
27,107
4,953
37,459
3,805,226
80,735
3,983
176,316
211,223
8,623
81,476
21,736
2,342
1,113
17,152
1,565
195,902
12,148
19,699
2,108
4,095
118,825
12,390
2,454
1,488
32,979
5,322
1,428
4,219
1,885
7,670
400
19,012
48,746
11,747
3,411
2,192
3,647
487
1,586
7,192
993
92,373
9,456
454,813
8,192
223
9,463
4,193
3,933
27,178
8,986
3,260
247
3,422
92,232
2,507
270
15,392
9,167
544
4,654
593
308
656
17,644
454
82,188
7,324
1,255
145
383
9,515
1,447
1,084
2,136
6,255
1,064
697
2,036
318
1,048
91
1,547
2,402
3,434
1,673
230
1,063
773
797
3,568
115
4,583
7,132
15,122
1,236
192
1,516
4,538
3,498
1,917
511
351
393
518
24,347
2,037
43
2,299
7,831
106
1,830
616
4,529,922
666,937
4,920,243
2,677,467
33,529,783
4,258,653
3,312,393
782,464
542,830
15,569,941
8,054,395
1,281,917
1,377,221
12,182,404
6,075,839
2,913,111
2,689,010
4,058,881
4,523,993
1,268,481
5,395,635
6,244,609
9,751,789
4,855,828
2,876,098
5,576,552
972,459
1,717,719
1,919,561
1,234,846
8,250,120
1,920,618
18,474,607
7,928,110
666,663
11,400,840
3,435,350
3,464,440
12,250,280
1,001,737
3,937,527
785,318
5,758,958
20,727,421
2,246,639
623,862
7,147,001
5,973,573
1,866,397
5,363,914
536,215
Appendix A-5
Asian/
Pacific Is.
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
449,462 152,121,724 23,687,069
696
912
10,174
586
199,274
6,503
2,824
345
696
19,721
3,360
22,797
1,124
16,725
1,750
852
1,891
754
2,020
190
4,452
5,223
3,521
2,065
468
1,730
269
804
5,201
212
13,057
4,828
34,826
2,189
153
2,808
2,069
3,455
5,226
1,173
1,032
133
1,208
38,470
1,899
82
6,429
10,507
249
2,155
375
2,516,933
340,480
2,541,179
1,669,394
12,204,539
2,535,752
2,040,469
452,584
127,648
8,369,878
4,057,521
298,224
896,483
6,579,936
4,036,803
2,087,810
1,724,004
2,806,523
2,131,822
950,035
2,614,272
4,023,164
5,897,270
3,320,473
1,352,799
3,608,570
663,713
1,157,082
1,086,076
896,404
4,282,772
712,141
8,972,480
4,496,631
464,057
7,368,810
2,044,505
2,337,125
8,072,722
656,481
2,049,490
522,357
3,584,403
8,678,128
1,350,810
457,636
3,955,259
3,775,506
1,386,620
3,610,638
355,315
797,177
18,361
108,357
277,394
1,578,170
132,212
209,270
101,124
238,909
1,466,872
1,579,671
22,044
4,331
1,238,686
345,461
40,438
113,154
204,669
974,620
3,365
1,073,028
233,883
978,560
99,412
682,632
424,115
2,587
47,018
94,520
5,191
808,284
25,069
1,951,253
1,223,260
3,489
909,710
190,571
43,800
830,974
27,311
813,522
3,474
648,287
1,699,074
12,318
1,914
1,015,997
134,701
42,589
203,219
3,022
Asian/
Pacific Is.
1,407,756
7,666,243
13,635
52,481
147,019
11,196
129,044
21,371
4,462
1,634
677
30,563
12,170
3,385
12,216
13,950
10,345
5,293
15,754
4,947
12,945
4,197
10,466
7,816
39,142
37,440
5,896
16,560
36,785
8,478
18,753
1,766
10,293
100,154
38,729
64,633
19,090
15,880
185,994
32,212
11,747
2,563
6,341
34,593
9,584
46,199
19,370
1,352
12,444
66,910
1,963
29,924
7,397
24,347
29,365
67,983
13,631
2,872,245
70,374
55,701
11,051
11,379
180,845
99,998
550,755
10,335
293,272
42,816
29,544
33,888
20,056
40,865
6,693
157,291
169,348
113,346
82,479
14,257
44,738
4,902
14,918
57,868
10,516
340,004
15,422
741,273
67,578
4,087
100,885
35,119
81,070
150,975
17,224
22,674
3,731
39,873
361,493
38,789
4,032
190,419
246,032
8,323
59,137
3,296
Table A-2. Adjusted Year 2000 Census Population Projection by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued
All Ages
State
United States
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
State/US
Total
Hispanic
White
Black
Non-Hispanic
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
White
279,520,570
29,953,507
2,004,111
367,219
688,904 198,423,921
4,529,922
666,937
4,920,243
2,677,467
33,529,783
4,258,653
3,312,393
782,464
542,830
15,569,941
8,054,395
1,281,917
1,377,221
12,182,404
6,075,839
2,913,111
2,689,010
4,058,881
4,523,993
1,268,481
5,395,635
6,244,609
9,751,789
4,855,828
2,876,098
5,576,552
972,459
1,717,719
1,919,561
1,234,846
8,250,120
1,920,618
18,474,607
7,928,110
666,663
11,400,840
3,435,350
3,464,440
12,250,280
1,001,737
3,937,527
785,318
5,758,958
20,727,421
2,246,639
623,862
7,147,001
5,973,573
1,866,397
5,363,914
536,215
33,057
26,686
1,044,528
33,702
10,467,932
580,514
263,631
22,841
34,230
2,306,686
179,354
63,261
95,546
1,215,918
130,625
50,070
130,126
29,841
109,076
8,801
187,263
360,266
236,865
84,326
19,994
81,856
18,968
57,164
266,034
15,863
929,291
731,076
2,229,461
110,617
7,015
167,458
112,583
188,722
293,285
62,810
38,901
7,916
53,586
5,968,023
131,629
5,551
251,003
339,460
11,669
125,274
33,153
3,572
1,917
28,432
2,443
306,437
20,111
32,655
3,466
6,416
175,213
18,441
4,320
2,561
53,322
8,312
2,405
6,907
2,793
10,859
689
28,607
90,138
18,772
5,984
2,973
5,619
856
2,646
11,029
1,723
144,117
15,547
675,467
12,184
375
15,161
7,069
6,258
45,028
14,391
4,838
436
4,951
145,613
4,657
433
23,059
14,815
835
8,200
1,057
488
1,133
31,535
730
128,241
11,715
2,164
236
503
13,593
2,167
2,114
3,351
9,207
1,644
1,159
3,314
484
1,543
154
2,172
3,829
5,497
3,135
330
1,769
1,365
1,303
5,650
182
6,605
12,343
21,112
1,872
343
2,423
8,291
5,811
3,055
964
545
760
817
37,599
3,538
69
3,195
12,680
156
3,260
1,073
1,153
1,411
15,985
897
294,553
10,075
4,344
574
2,982
28,739
5,152
43,260
1,848
24,523
2,854
1,401
3,022
1,245
3,842
312
11,362
7,525
5,530
3,410
658
2,649
444
1,337
7,806
316
19,425
7,484
49,037
3,691
251
4,159
3,473
5,421
8,482
1,829
1,727
218
1,759
58,877
3,277
167
10,026
16,066
480
3,272
572
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Appendix A-6
3,269,460
470,691
3,286,336
2,183,572
15,750,769
3,311,221
2,616,658
589,784
154,583
10,513,741
5,342,468
370,630
1,233,349
8,574,251
5,347,888
2,743,710
2,300,737
3,694,852
2,827,199
1,238,102
3,411,643
5,170,869
7,802,834
4,395,850
1,776,076
4,755,837
875,812
1,544,992
1,385,520
1,192,272
5,505,416
923,727
11,594,488
5,825,217
612,896
9,697,990
2,689,111
3,034,565
10,430,950
846,545
2,658,548
699,232
4,667,028
11,433,002
1,988,173
606,970
5,132,204
4,946,022
1,780,654
4,741,432
478,044
Black
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
35,091,723
2,153,269
10,837,916
1,171,106
27,694
162,115
421,533
2,312,936
193,702
308,946
148,311
328,812
2,249,011
2,350,288
28,734
6,308
1,880,086
511,336
62,679
172,866
295,192
1,493,672
4,673
1,525,804
353,510
1,465,661
159,489
1,046,047
643,529
3,575
72,863
138,749
7,468
1,167,251
35,937
2,839,212
1,785,615
4,883
1,352,748
287,178
64,381
1,237,877
43,350
1,192,924
5,212
961,813
2,504,137
19,317
2,889
1,449,569
194,004
58,989
333,190
4,553
17,465
91,953
257,324
15,502
174,503
31,150
5,814
2,104
856
39,822
15,646
4,741
19,079
18,354
13,448
8,234
23,033
6,431
18,275
6,034
13,735
10,445
55,884
63,321
9,329
22,390
64,044
14,954
26,279
2,388
14,305
172,620
53,529
94,174
34,947
20,637
278,818
46,334
15,882
4,262
8,418
65,927
12,761
61,421
35,715
1,845
15,915
100,552
2,441
47,308
12,924
33,620
45,452
93,988
19,088
4,094,413
100,166
78,179
15,147
14,447
243,135
140,879
764,857
15,178
406,743
59,733
43,453
49,006
28,042
59,527
9,717
215,050
248,026
160,747
140,311
20,691
62,904
7,395
22,460
78,495
14,633
463,711
21,882
1,012,302
94,740
5,952
140,263
48,828
112,949
215,721
27,587
31,626
5,617
56,243
518,748
60,333
5,939
262,031
349,974
11,174
101,977
4,838
Table A-3. Year 2000 Census Undercount by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race
Age Under 18
State
State/US
Total
Total,
Under 18
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
United States
4,886,665
2,462,097
521,884
45,483
7,589
10,914
926,203
799,763
49,147
101,114
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
79,339
13,644
122,717
46,084
1,008,681
90,429
28,251
14,905
19,502
336,717
179,603
24,513
30,715
131,586
31,311
13,282
20,747
64,315
99,375
9,311
121,027
45,863
72,846
26,030
60,355
36,174
22,802
12,252
48,262
10,616
72,329
60,221
328,422
150,857
4,974
82,122
62,836
67,279
48,230
4,130
79,504
8,245
101,797
608,086
39,626
7,059
149,995
115,181
25,414
37,590
11,515
46,934
5,836
54,887
26,945
430,898
37,592
15,313
8,084
8,153
168,986
96,473
11,485
14,699
77,424
25,860
9,072
12,661
36,658
57,679
4,736
60,937
24,786
54,150
19,065
36,355
27,543
10,950
7,306
18,344
4,621
42,990
24,383
133,938
81,846
3,280
59,796
35,891
29,063
57,243
3,335
44,125
5,290
57,899
273,464
19,024
2,971
75,907
51,868
13,892
26,259
5,200
510
398
18,721
706
209,420
9,399
3,983
480
707
37,619
3,992
1,268
2,401
10,180
616
555
1,428
504
1,488
144
3,130
5,898
2,020
550
272
376
331
711
4,542
247
9,672
9,033
30,643
2,399
140
1,357
2,447
4,125
3,727
951
690
149
881
115,559
2,421
80
4,902
7,897
158
1,610
448
80
50
867
58
9,252
693
769
100
168
3,426
408
199
57
931
130
56
130
54
209
23
624
2,503
313
122
49
83
39
37
341
43
3,021
448
12,995
272
13
270
177
201
982
322
98
8
90
3,330
181
5
497
495
16
216
29
11
12
916
14
2,575
241
41
6
9
265
43
55
99
76
13
25
49
9
28
2
35
68
71
59
8
23
51
29
141
3
61
295
258
43
12
27
239
143
35
16
16
27
23
785
79
2
61
368
2
81
39
16
18
243
10
4,482
146
73
13
134
366
102
947
30
242
32
16
42
29
93
6
286
106
64
43
12
22
7
21
139
6
243
89
742
99
8
47
65
97
144
35
36
5
21
1,000
52
7
164
253
8
48
6
23,333
3,819
15,021
16,977
75,241
18,614
2,505
4,398
1,001
76,413
42,260
1,816
11,266
21,651
14,463
6,518
6,610
29,976
22,548
4,287
26,600
4,092
20,526
10,407
13,026
12,762
7,432
4,184
6,828
4,075
-1,614
5,661
10,654
41,767
1,458
28,407
22,656
20,598
16,436
346
19,698
1,631
36,463
97,186
13,701
2,758
40,622
30,663
12,635
11,873
3,955
22,558
542
6,003
8,867
85,782
7,279
7,314
2,993
5,975
48,943
48,225
782
121
41,480
10,183
1,397
3,753
5,768
32,513
79
28,945
8,802
29,641
4,106
22,384
13,687
54
1,714
5,226
137
28,824
936
67,701
35,105
88
28,628
6,085
2,304
34,275
1,194
23,256
108
19,803
50,557
816
61
27,884
6,768
998
9,033
86
120
477
12,462
174
1,616
370
20
18
9
489
148
29
619
94
41
91
191
69
197
111
169
45
430
1,566
332
109
2,970
410
535
16
18
7,723
411
1,335
1,497
73
3,851
699
45
14
77
3,308
119
683
1,205
23
171
2,202
20
1,151
594
306
519
654
140
42,529
850
608
76
151
1,465
1,295
6,388
106
2,768
381
413
459
249
604
84
1,149
3,272
1,086
2,212
272
481
66
200
592
94
2,764
198
10,534
827
63
987
371
897
1,600
458
254
54
500
4,364
569
35
1,606
3,223
57
2,245
42
Appendix A-7
Table A-3. Year 2000 Census Undercount by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued
Age 18 and Over
State
State/US
Total
Total, 18
and Over
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
United States
4,886,665
2,424,568
960,518
72,357
12,357
17,103
436,474
723,698
49,388
152,672
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
79,339
13,644
122,717
46,084
1,008,681
90,429
28,251
14,905
19,502
336,717
179,603
24,513
30,715
131,586
31,311
13,282
20,747
64,315
99,375
9,311
121,027
45,863
72,846
26,030
60,355
36,174
22,802
12,252
48,262
10,616
72,329
60,221
328,422
150,857
4,974
82,122
62,836
67,279
48,230
4,130
79,504
8,245
101,797
608,086
39,626
7,059
149,995
115,181
25,414
37,590
11,515
32,405
7,808
67,830
19,139
577,783
52,837
12,938
6,822
11,348
167,730
83,130
13,029
16,016
54,163
5,450
4,210
8,086
27,657
41,696
4,575
60,090
21,077
18,696
6,965
24,000
8,631
11,852
4,946
29,917
5,995
29,339
35,837
194,484
69,010
1,694
22,326
26,945
38,216
-9,014
795
35,379
2,954
43,898
334,622
20,602
4,088
74,089
63,313
11,522
11,331
6,315
1,259
761
27,042
1,477
303,593
16,577
9,246
1,011
2,008
85,769
9,284
1,994
4,048
21,793
2,027
1,229
3,046
1,083
4,202
350
8,423
13,291
4,046
1,414
737
1,276
669
1,399
8,595
580
35,129
19,106
92,049
5,138
240
3,298
4,376
7,759
9,184
2,206
1,662
263
2,235
206,135
3,520
251
12,278
12,896
494
3,147
924
68
27
889
57
10,607
644
1,171
104
241
4,734
653
122
60
961
95
31
111
67
260
5
979
3,074
269
104
66
69
13
47
403
35
5,313
421
31,100
388
5
277
182
212
1,174
628
115
13
124
4,793
124
4
795
544
15
152
15
14
23
978
24
4,014
360
63
8
27
610
102
53
181
204
33
32
70
17
58
2
110
142
112
60
22
31
51
34
193
9
246
361
951
77
11
48
289
213
103
34
17
26
24
1,455
119
8
145
477
5
69
41
17
16
356
26
7,494
210
127
13
48
572
188
644
71
492
37
22
64
23
67
9
177
269
73
65
18
35
2
30
215
4
469
136
1,729
111
2
74
100
149
190
55
44
11
46
1,823
69
-1
237
369
13
84
9
14,827
5,538
18,229
11,835
113,679
24,830
-8,111
2,776
1,172
32,401
30,211
6,024
10,618
-1,016
-4,481
545
1,134
21,338
13,069
3,795
14,570
-15,258
-7,496
-2,108
8,611
-2,334
7,958
1,400
12,939
4,897
-50,608
6,308
-56,369
35,475
-149
-2,459
13,381
24,139
-45,941
-4,336
14,766
-321
23,225
63,613
13,642
3,559
30,279
33,658
10,112
-1,734
4,644
15,306
386
6,024
5,235
89,613
8,030
8,854
2,719
7,404
40,352
39,995
1,373
87
25,955
6,217
850
2,311
4,469
22,793
77
34,061
13,108
18,516
3,450
13,725
8,096
51
1,166
5,692
116
33,905
975
103,153
24,779
85
18,127
4,983
2,475
22,555
1,521
18,232
72
16,988
47,196
758
51
27,280
8,089
629
5,765
49
102
536
12,626
141
2,890
613
36
7
-3
420
158
87
713
68
29
71
141
69
137
155
92
64
297
1,262
348
74
2,950
322
876
26
-11
8,180
693
1,202
1,304
45
2,361
897
20
14
77
2,738
96
523
1,195
29
165
2,798
32
1,185
540
813
521
1,685
344
45,893
1,574
1,552
184
451
2,873
2,539
2,731
238
5,705
1,495
1,430
1,209
592
1,110
182
1,677
6,387
2,880
2,719
473
1,385
157
549
1,004
326
4,897
349
21,179
1,839
195
2,917
1,273
2,372
3,702
672
466
153
1,160
9,084
1,176
188
2,907
4,483
223
2,664
94
Appendix A-8
Table A-3. Year 2000 Census Undercount by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race, continued
All Ages
State
State/US
Total
Hispanic
White
Black
Non-Hispanic
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
White
Black
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
United States
4,886,665
1,482,403
117,840
19,947
28,017
1,362,677
1,523,461
98,535
253,785
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
79,339
13,644
122,717
46,084
1,008,681
90,429
28,251
14,905
19,502
336,717
179,603
24,513
30,715
131,586
31,311
13,282
20,747
64,315
99,375
9,311
121,027
45,863
72,846
26,030
60,355
36,174
22,802
12,252
48,262
10,616
72,329
60,221
328,422
150,857
4,974
82,122
62,836
67,279
48,230
4,130
79,504
8,245
101,797
608,086
39,626
7,059
149,995
115,181
25,414
37,590
11,515
1,768
1,160
45,764
2,182
513,013
25,976
13,229
1,490
2,715
123,388
13,277
3,262
6,449
31,973
2,643
1,784
4,474
1,587
5,689
494
11,553
19,189
6,065
1,963
1,010
1,652
1,001
2,111
13,136
827
44,801
28,139
122,692
7,537
380
4,655
6,823
11,884
12,911
3,158
2,352
412
3,116
321,694
5,941
331
17,180
20,793
652
4,756
1,372
148
77
1,756
115
19,860
1,338
1,940
204
409
8,160
1,061
321
117
1,892
226
87
241
121
468
29
1,602
5,577
582
226
114
151
52
83
745
78
8,334
869
44,094
661
18
547
359
413
2,156
949
213
21
214
8,123
304
9
1,292
1,039
31
368
44
25
35
1,894
38
6,589
601
104
14
36
875
144
108
280
281
46
57
119
25
86
4
146
211
183
119
30
55
102
63
334
12
307
656
1,209
119
23
74
528
357
138
50
33
52
47
2,240
198
10
206
846
7
150
80
34
34
599
35
11,976
356
199
26
182
938
290
1,591
101
734
69
39
106
51
160
15
463
375
137
107
29
57
9
51
354
10
712
225
2,471
210
11
121
165
246
334
90
80
16
67
2,822
121
7
402
621
21
132
14
38,159
9,357
33,250
28,813
188,921
43,444
-5,606
7,173
2,174
108,814
72,471
7,840
21,884
20,635
9,982
7,063
7,744
51,314
35,617
8,082
41,170
-11,166
13,030
8,298
21,638
10,428
15,389
5,584
19,767
8,972
-52,221
11,969
-45,715
77,243
1,309
25,947
36,037
44,736
-29,505
-3,991
34,464
1,310
59,688
160,799
27,343
6,317
70,901
64,320
22,746
10,139
8,599
37,864
928
12,027
14,102
175,395
15,309
16,168
5,712
13,378
89,294
88,220
2,155
207
67,435
16,400
2,247
6,065
10,237
55,306
156
63,007
21,909
48,157
7,556
36,109
21,783
106
2,879
10,919
253
62,729
1,911
170,854
59,884
172
46,755
11,069
4,779
56,830
2,716
41,488
180
36,791
97,753
1,574
112
55,165
14,857
1,627
14,798
135
222
1,013
25,088
315
4,506
982
55
25
5
909
306
117
1,332
163
70
162
332
138
334
266
261
109
727
2,828
680
183
5,920
732
1,412
43
7
15,903
1,104
2,537
2,802
118
6,212
1,596
64
29
154
6,046
215
1,206
2,400
52
336
4,999
52
2,337
1,134
1,118
1,040
2,339
484
88,422
2,424
2,160
260
602
4,338
3,834
9,119
344
8,473
1,876
1,843
1,667
841
1,715
266
2,826
9,658
3,966
4,931
745
1,866
223
749
1,596
420
7,661
547
31,714
2,666
258
3,904
1,644
3,269
5,302
1,130
720
208
1,659
13,448
1,745
222
4,514
7,706
279
4,909
136
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Appendix A-9
Table A-4. Year 2000 Census Undercount as Percent of Adjusted Count by State, Age, Hispanic Origin, and Race
Age Under 18
State
State/US
Total
Total,
Under 18
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
United States
1.75
3.36
4.95
6.42
5.62
4.56
2.00
7.01
6.59
3.19
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
1.75
2.05
2.49
1.72
3.01
2.12
0.85
1.90
3.59
2.16
2.23
1.91
2.23
1.08
0.52
0.46
0.77
1.58
2.20
0.73
2.24
0.73
0.75
0.54
2.10
0.65
2.34
0.71
2.51
0.86
0.88
3.14
1.78
1.90
0.75
0.72
1.83
1.94
0.39
0.41
2.02
1.05
1.77
2.93
1.76
1.13
2.10
1.93
1.36
0.70
2.15
4.08
2.83
4.01
3.96
4.41
3.46
1.90
4.08
6.10
4.60
4.45
3.37
3.75
2.41
1.68
1.27
1.78
3.67
4.54
1.59
4.42
1.63
2.12
1.52
4.53
1.94
4.37
1.62
3.91
1.49
2.10
4.36
2.82
4.11
1.92
2.08
4.00
3.47
1.93
1.34
4.35
2.46
4.04
4.57
2.58
1.92
4.28
3.43
3.33
1.92
3.61
5.11
4.18
4.66
6.27
5.26
4.83
4.37
6.29
7.96
6.18
6.96
5.66
6.26
2.35
1.49
3.17
3.05
5.69
5.39
5.22
6.07
4.64
2.48
1.79
4.88
1.48
4.93
3.38
5.13
4.58
3.48
3.71
4.27
6.68
5.26
2.61
5.97
6.06
3.61
4.07
5.85
5.04
5.46
5.34
4.76
5.12
6.56
6.16
5.19
3.68
3.93
6.49
6.25
7.69
6.61
8.37
8.70
5.94
7.38
7.25
6.08
6.74
10.66
5.35
4.58
4.36
5.77
4.83
5.97
6.54
8.06
6.50
6.05
4.45
4.76
6.23
4.19
10.57
3.45
8.90
5.93
5.84
7.35
5.89
6.82
8.75
4.75
6.16
8.64
5.50
5.95
6.24
4.28
5.86
6.24
8.41
3.27
6.48
8.77
5.39
6.09
6.22
6.16
2.57
6.59
5.01
5.59
5.48
4.51
7.02
7.21
6.50
5.92
5.37
8.12
2.59
2.22
5.42
3.83
5.31
5.70
2.91
5.67
4.78
3.44
4.04
8.06
3.32
8.63
5.73
6.76
4.78
3.03
5.66
4.30
6.71
7.97
2.93
6.37
6.20
3.06
3.57
8.22
7.22
7.63
5.92
5.29
7.05
6.82
7.59
3.96
5.67
8.55
3.58
3.53
4.17
3.07
4.70
4.10
4.77
5.63
5.85
4.06
5.69
4.63
4.11
3.11
2.93
3.00
3.71
5.82
5.10
5.21
4.14
4.61
3.18
3.17
6.09
2.42
4.18
3.87
5.33
5.35
3.82
3.34
5.22
6.59
8.69
3.46
4.64
4.92
4.43
5.29
5.25
5.87
3.80
4.90
3.78
8.76
4.57
4.54
3.44
4.34
2.80
3.10
2.93
2.02
3.30
2.12
2.40
0.43
3.21
3.72
3.56
3.29
2.51
3.34
1.09
1.10
0.99
1.15
3.37
3.24
1.49
3.34
0.36
1.08
0.97
3.08
1.11
3.50
1.08
2.28
1.38
-0.13
2.68
0.41
3.14
0.98
1.22
3.51
2.95
0.70
0.18
3.23
0.92
3.37
3.53
2.15
1.85
3.45
2.62
3.21
1.05
3.22
6.03
5.81
11.17
6.15
11.67
11.84
7.34
6.34
6.65
6.26
6.26
11.69
6.10
6.47
6.14
6.28
6.29
6.37
6.26
6.02
6.39
7.36
6.09
6.84
6.16
6.24
5.51
6.63
11.82
6.01
8.03
8.62
7.62
6.24
6.28
6.46
6.30
11.19
8.42
7.45
6.13
6.19
6.32
6.28
11.66
6.24
6.43
11.41
6.09
6.95
5.62
3.14
1.21
11.30
4.04
3.56
3.78
1.47
3.88
4.84
5.28
4.26
2.17
9.02
2.14
1.32
3.11
2.62
4.67
3.69
6.03
5.17
1.73
2.57
6.05
9.67
1.87
10.89
6.34
7.11
2.64
0.44
10.66
2.78
4.52
9.44
1.54
4.15
4.95
1.08
0.83
3.71
10.56
3.74
4.49
7.37
4.62
4.92
6.54
4.09
6.62
10.75
3.30
3.23
2.52
2.56
3.48
2.85
2.70
1.85
4.92
2.35
3.17
2.98
2.20
2.44
2.25
2.97
3.03
3.12
3.24
2.77
1.99
4.16
2.29
3.83
4.23
2.65
2.63
2.65
2.87
2.28
2.23
3.07
3.89
3.04
3.38
2.51
2.70
2.81
2.47
4.42
2.83
2.89
3.05
2.78
2.64
1.81
2.24
3.10
1.98
5.24
2.75
Appendix A-10
Table A-4. Year 2000 Census Undercount as Percent of Adjusted Count, continued
Age 18 and Over
State
State/US
Total
Total, 18
and Over
White
Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
White
Non-Hispanic
American
Black
Indian
Asian/
Pacific Is.
United States
1.75
1.18
4.95
5.59
5.32
3.81
0.29
3.06
3.51
1.99
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
1.75
2.05
2.49
1.72
3.01
2.12
0.85
1.90
3.59
2.16
2.23
1.91
2.23
1.08
0.52
0.46
0.77
1.58
2.20
0.73
2.24
0.73
0.75
0.54
2.10
0.65
2.34
0.71
2.51
0.86
0.88
3.14
1.78
1.90
0.75
0.72
1.83
1.94
0.39
0.41
2.02
1.05
1.77
2.93
1.76
1.13
2.10
1.93
1.36
0.70
2.15
0.96
1.70
1.91
0.96
2.43
1.67
0.52
1.17
2.77
1.41
1.41
1.38
1.63
0.60
0.12
0.19
0.41
0.90
1.28
0.47
1.50
0.45
0.26
0.19
1.16
0.21
1.64
0.39
2.06
0.65
0.47
2.63
1.42
1.16
0.34
0.26
1.06
1.46
-0.10
0.11
1.21
0.52
1.02
2.27
1.37
0.87
1.38
1.42
0.80
0.28
1.61
5.45
4.44
4.20
6.58
4.68
4.30
5.36
6.64
7.92
5.05
7.61
4.88
7.08
2.78
2.27
3.77
3.66
5.16
5.16
5.79
6.21
5.70
2.60
2.64
5.12
2.26
5.47
3.87
4.84
5.54
5.39
3.92
6.09
6.88
5.52
2.86
6.11
6.43
4.83
5.60
6.13
5.30
5.97
5.42
4.36
6.29
6.96
6.11
5.72
3.86
4.25
2.91
2.44
5.18
3.67
5.41
5.31
5.94
4.92
5.88
3.98
5.27
4.96
4.04
2.91
1.79
2.16
2.63
3.55
3.38
1.35
5.15
6.31
2.29
3.04
3.00
1.88
2.65
2.94
5.61
3.52
5.75
4.45
6.84
4.74
2.21
2.92
4.35
5.39
4.32
6.98
3.52
5.25
3.63
5.20
4.93
1.31
5.17
5.94
2.83
3.26
2.55
4.55
3.50
5.54
5.25
4.88
4.91
5.01
5.41
7.13
6.41
7.04
4.89
8.48
3.27
3.07
4.57
3.43
5.20
5.54
2.19
7.14
5.92
3.26
3.60
9.62
2.93
6.63
4.21
5.41
8.03
5.36
5.07
6.29
6.21
5.92
3.14
6.37
6.10
5.40
6.65
4.86
6.60
4.64
5.98
5.83
19.44
6.32
6.10
4.37
3.78
6.66
2.49
1.80
3.50
4.39
3.76
3.22
4.50
3.88
6.89
2.90
5.60
2.83
6.31
2.94
2.09
2.60
3.38
3.01
3.31
4.79
3.98
5.15
2.07
3.13
3.82
2.03
0.71
3.75
4.13
2.09
3.59
2.83
4.96
5.09
1.35
2.64
4.81
4.33
3.64
4.70
4.25
8.05
3.80
4.74
3.62
-0.93
3.69
3.51
5.12
3.89
2.32
0.59
1.63
0.72
0.71
0.93
0.98
-0.40
0.61
0.92
0.39
0.74
2.02
1.18
-0.02
-0.11
0.03
0.07
0.76
0.61
0.40
0.56
-0.38
-0.13
-0.06
0.64
-0.06
1.20
0.12
1.19
0.55
-1.18
0.89
-0.63
0.79
-0.03
-0.03
0.65
1.03
-0.57
-0.66
0.72
-0.06
0.65
0.73
1.01
0.78
0.77
0.89
0.73
-0.05
1.31
1.92
2.10
5.56
1.89
5.68
6.07
4.23
2.69
3.10
2.75
2.53
6.23
2.01
2.10
1.80
2.10
2.04
2.18
2.34
2.30
3.17
5.60
1.89
3.47
2.01
1.91
1.98
2.48
6.02
2.24
4.19
3.89
5.29
2.03
2.43
1.99
2.61
5.65
2.71
5.57
2.24
2.08
2.62
2.78
6.15
2.66
2.69
6.00
1.48
2.84
1.61
0.75
1.02
8.59
1.26
2.24
2.87
0.80
0.41
-0.47
1.37
1.30
2.58
5.84
0.49
0.28
1.34
0.90
1.39
1.06
3.69
0.88
0.82
0.76
3.37
5.90
0.45
8.02
3.79
4.67
1.49
-0.11
8.17
1.79
1.86
6.83
0.28
1.27
2.78
0.17
0.56
1.22
7.91
1.00
1.13
6.17
2.15
1.33
4.18
1.64
3.96
7.29
3.34
1.77
2.48
2.52
1.60
2.24
2.79
1.67
3.96
1.59
2.54
0.50
2.30
1.95
3.49
4.84
3.57
2.95
2.72
2.72
1.07
3.77
2.54
3.30
3.32
3.10
3.21
3.68
1.74
3.10
1.44
2.26
2.86
2.72
4.77
2.89
3.62
2.93
2.45
3.90
2.06
4.11
2.91
2.51
3.03
4.65
1.53
1.82
2.68
4.51
2.84
Appendix A-11
Table A-4. Year 2000 Census Undercount as Percent of Adjusted Count, continued
All Ages
State
State/US
Total
Hispanic
White
Black
Non-Hispanic
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
White
Black
American
Asian/
Indian
Pacific Is.
United States
1.75
4.95
5.88
5.43
4.07
0.69
4.34
4.58
2.34
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
1.75
2.05
2.49
1.72
3.01
2.12
0.85
1.90
3.59
2.16
2.23
1.91
2.23
1.08
0.52
0.46
0.77
1.58
2.20
0.73
2.24
0.73
0.75
0.54
2.10
0.65
2.34
0.71
2.51
0.86
0.88
3.14
1.78
1.90
0.75
0.72
1.83
1.94
0.39
0.41
2.02
1.05
1.77
2.93
1.76
1.13
2.10
1.93
1.36
0.70
2.15
5.35
4.35
4.38
6.48
4.90
4.47
5.02
6.52
7.93
5.35
7.40
5.16
6.75
2.63
2.02
3.56
3.44
5.32
5.22
5.61
6.17
5.33
2.56
2.33
5.05
2.02
5.28
3.69
4.94
5.22
4.82
3.85
5.50
6.81
5.42
2.78
6.06
6.30
4.40
5.03
6.04
5.21
5.81
5.39
4.51
5.96
6.84
6.13
5.58
3.80
4.14
4.14
4.04
6.18
4.72
6.48
6.65
5.94
5.89
6.38
4.66
5.75
7.42
4.59
3.55
2.71
3.63
3.49
4.33
4.31
4.16
5.60
6.19
3.10
3.78
3.84
2.69
6.07
3.15
6.75
4.54
5.78
5.59
6.53
5.42
4.87
3.61
5.08
6.60
4.79
6.59
4.41
4.83
4.32
5.58
6.54
2.05
5.60
7.02
3.72
4.49
4.16
5.14
3.11
6.01
5.16
5.14
5.13
4.80
6.04
7.15
6.44
6.66
5.12
8.35
3.05
2.77
4.91
3.59
5.24
5.59
2.48
6.71
5.50
3.33
3.81
9.14
3.08
7.50
4.80
5.91
6.83
4.65
5.32
5.72
6.38
6.82
3.06
6.37
6.14
4.53
5.20
6.05
6.90
5.73
5.96
5.60
14.82
6.46
6.67
4.24
4.61
7.46
2.92
2.41
3.74
3.93
4.07
3.53
4.59
4.58
6.09
3.27
5.63
3.68
5.44
2.99
2.42
2.76
3.50
4.12
4.16
4.95
4.07
4.98
2.47
3.15
4.48
2.17
2.08
3.80
4.53
3.16
3.66
3.01
5.04
5.70
4.21
2.91
4.74
4.54
3.94
4.91
4.65
7.20
3.80
4.79
3.69
3.98
4.01
3.87
4.31
4.04
2.49
1.17
1.99
1.01
1.32
1.20
1.31
-0.21
1.22
1.41
1.03
1.36
2.12
1.77
0.24
0.19
0.26
0.34
1.39
1.26
0.65
1.21
-0.22
0.17
0.19
1.22
0.22
1.76
0.36
1.43
0.75
-0.95
1.30
-0.39
1.33
0.21
0.27
1.34
1.47
-0.28
-0.47
1.30
0.19
1.28
1.41
1.38
1.04
1.38
1.30
1.28
0.21
1.80
3.23
3.35
7.42
3.35
7.58
7.90
5.23
3.85
4.07
3.97
3.75
7.50
3.29
3.59
3.21
3.58
3.51
3.47
3.70
3.34
4.13
6.20
3.29
4.74
3.45
3.38
2.96
3.95
7.87
3.39
5.37
5.32
6.02
3.35
3.53
3.46
3.85
7.42
4.59
6.26
3.48
3.45
3.83
3.90
8.15
3.87
3.81
7.66
2.76
4.44
2.96
1.27
1.10
9.75
2.03
2.58
3.15
0.95
1.18
0.64
2.28
1.96
2.46
6.98
0.89
0.52
1.97
1.44
2.15
1.83
4.40
1.90
1.05
1.30
4.47
7.29
0.82
9.24
4.89
5.37
1.78
0.05
9.21
2.06
2.69
8.02
0.57
2.23
3.44
0.40
0.67
1.83
9.17
1.68
1.96
6.72
2.81
2.11
4.97
2.12
4.94
8.77
3.33
2.29
2.49
2.54
2.16
2.42
2.76
1.72
4.17
1.78
2.72
1.19
2.27
2.08
3.14
4.24
3.40
3.00
2.88
2.74
1.31
3.89
2.47
3.51
3.60
2.97
3.01
3.34
2.03
2.87
1.65
2.50
3.13
2.81
4.33
2.78
3.37
2.89
2.46
4.10
2.28
3.70
2.95
2.59
2.89
3.74
1.72
2.20
2.50
4.81
2.81
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Appendix A-12
Appendix B: 2000 Population Projections by Metropolitan Area
(Adjusted and Unadjusted)
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)
State, MSA
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
Total, All MSAs
Alabama
Anniston, AL MSA
Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA
Birmingham, AL MSA
Columbus, GA-AL MSA (AL portion)
Decatur, AL MSA
Dothan, AL MSA
Florence, AL MSA
Gadsden, AL MSA
Huntsville, AL MSA
Mobile, AL MSA
Montgomery, AL MSA
Tuscaloosa, AL MSA
Alaska
Anchorage, AK MSA
Arizona
Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (AZ portion)
Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (AZ portion)
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ MSA
Tucson, AZ MSA
Yuma, AZ MSA
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA
Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (AR portion)
Jonesboro, AR MSA
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (AR portion)
Pine Bluff, AR MSA
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (AR portion)
California
Bakersfield, CA MSA
Chico-Paradise, CA MSA
Fresno, CA MSA
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA
Merced, CA MSA
Modesto, CA MSA
Oakland, CA PMSA
Orange County, CA PMSA
Redding, CA MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA
Sacramento, CA PMSA
Salinas, CA MSA
San Diego, CA MSA
San Francisco, CA PMSA
San Jose, CA PMSA
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA MSA
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA MSA
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA PMSA
Santa Rosa, CA PMSA
Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA
Ventura, CA PMSA
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA MSA
Yolo, CA PMSA
Yuba City, CA MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix B-1
219,885,182
223,969,889
4,084,707
1.82
4,450,583
4,529,922
79,339
1.75
117,681
104,456
930,367
51,144
147,058
136,048
139,761
105,842
354,827
548,712
329,421
163,714
119,549
106,885
948,239
52,195
149,161
138,610
141,666
107,170
360,668
560,006
335,294
166,934
1,868
2,429
17,873
1,051
2,103
2,562
1,905
1,328
5,842
11,294
5,873
3,220
1.56
2.27
1.88
2.01
1.41
1.85
1.34
1.24
1.62
2.02
1.75
1.93
653,293
666,937
13,644
2.05
278,564
285,736
7,172
2.51
4,797,526
4,920,243
122,717
2.49
115,603
137,559
3,032,975
796,420
133,652
122,042
140,042
3,096,068
815,910
137,660
6,438
2,483
63,093
19,490
4,008
5.28
1.77
2.04
2.39
2.91
2,631,383
2,677,467
46,084
1.72
295,230
162,908
81,481
576,294
50,092
81,121
40,705
300,381
165,269
82,918
587,867
51,483
82,638
41,417
5,151
2,361
1,436
11,573
1,391
1,517
712
1.71
1.43
1.73
1.97
2.70
1.84
1.72
32,521,102
33,529,783
1,008,681
3.01
634,278
189,163
878,648
9,109,292
197,539
426,322
2,309,416
2,727,406
160,751
3,151,825
1,527,067
359,044
2,769,168
1,668,190
1,642,551
229,196
382,182
238,120
426,890
554,293
492,896
725,776
356,810
152,176
136,218
655,175
194,464
916,099
9,450,954
206,382
439,445
2,372,770
2,794,224
164,350
3,242,901
1,563,299
372,718
2,846,940
1,708,870
1,684,168
235,708
395,191
245,298
438,175
573,393
505,256
744,147
372,135
158,020
140,638
20,897
5,301
37,450
341,662
8,842
13,123
63,354
66,818
3,600
91,076
36,232
13,675
77,772
40,680
41,617
6,513
13,009
7,178
11,285
19,100
12,360
18,371
15,326
5,844
4,420
3.19
2.73
4.09
3.62
4.28
2.99
2.67
2.39
2.19
2.81
2.32
3.67
2.73
2.38
2.47
2.76
3.29
2.93
2.58
3.33
2.45
2.47
4.12
3.70
3.14
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
State, MSA
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
Colorado
4,168,224
4,258,653
90,429
2.12
278,482
519,179
2,036,996
243,542
118,002
165,654
135,955
285,272
530,627
2,075,065
249,436
120,463
170,904
139,031
6,790
11,449
38,068
5,894
2,461
5,250
3,076
2.38
2.16
1.83
2.36
2.04
3.07
2.21
3,284,142
3,312,393
28,251
0.85
1,111,341
1,639,619
244,020
1,121,323
1,652,649
246,709
9,982
13,031
2,689
0.89
0.79
1.09
767,559
782,464
14,905
1.90
127,936
495,256
130,336
505,280
2,400
10,025
1.84
1.98
523,328
542,830
19,502
3.59
523,328
542,830
19,502
3.59
15,233,224
15,569,941
336,717
2.16
Daytona Beach, FL MSA
Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA
Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA
Gainesville, FL MSA
Jacksonville, FL MSA
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL MSA
Miami, FL PMSA
485,632
1,550,294
404,528
303,154
173,779
199,868
1,066,794
459,788
478,448
2,151,727
492,739
1,582,531
410,456
307,908
177,041
205,104
1,090,023
467,922
486,261
2,241,902
7,107
32,236
5,928
4,754
3,262
5,235
23,229
8,134
7,813
90,176
1.44
2.04
1.44
1.54
1.84
2.55
2.13
1.74
1.61
4.02
Naples, FL MSA3
Ocala, FL MSA
Orlando, FL MSA
Panama City, FL MSA
Pensacola, FL MSA
Punta Gorda, FL MSA
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA
Tallahassee, FL MSA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL MSA
210,540
251,659
1,559,722
150,475
409,600
140,112
552,369
263,623
2,281,187
1,065,442
215,073
255,785
1,595,499
153,098
418,182
141,338
559,124
269,902
2,321,254
1,084,711
4,533
4,127
35,777
2,623
8,582
1,226
6,755
6,279
40,066
19,269
2.11
1.61
2.24
1.71
2.05
0.87
1.21
2.33
1.73
1.78
7,874,792
8,054,395
179,603
2.23
118,758
140,224
3,918,075
307,310
132,167
219,141
323,904
290,277
121,636
143,898
4,011,494
315,054
134,071
224,212
330,779
296,053
2,878
3,674
93,419
7,744
1,904
5,071
6,875
5,776
2.37
2.55
2.33
2.46
1.42
2.26
2.08
1.95
1,257,404
1,281,917
24,513
1.91
910,501
928,185
17,685
1.91
1,346,506
1,377,221
30,715
2.23
442,392
80,775
451,769
82,531
9,377
1,756
2.08
2.13
Boulder-Longmont, CO PMSA
Colorado Springs, CO MSA
Denver, CO PMSA
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA
Grand Junction, CO MSA
Greeley, CO PMSA
Pueblo, CO MSA
Connecticut
Hartford, CT NECMA
New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA
New London-Norwich, CT NECMA
Delaware
Dover, DE MSA
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (DE portion)
District of Columbia
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (DC portion)
Florida
Georgia
Albany, GA MSA
Athens, GA MSA
Atlanta, GA MSA
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (GA portion)
Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (GA portion)
Columbus, GA-AL MSA (GA portion)
Macon, GA MSA
Savannah, GA MSA
Hawaii
Honolulu, HI MSA
Idaho
Boise City, ID MSA
Pocatello, ID MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix B-2
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
State, MSA
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
Illinois
12,050,818
12,182,404
131,586
1.08
144,322
164,426
7,971,158
196,588
111,646
102,376
342,197
359,430
205,059
601,981
145,456
166,971
8,079,923
197,842
112,327
103,339
344,098
361,587
206,010
607,291
1,135
2,545
108,765
1,254
682
963
1,901
2,156
951
5,311
0.78
1.52
1.35
0.63
0.61
0.93
0.55
0.60
0.46
0.87
6,044,528
6,075,839
31,311
0.52
117,756
55,609
178,048
251,684
491,662
626,849
1,572,462
101,943
176,557
231,319
117,336
262,715
150,488
119,032
55,616
178,827
252,428
493,474
632,085
1,585,713
102,275
178,419
232,158
118,040
264,319
150,992
1,277
6
779
744
1,812
5,237
13,251
333
1,862
839
704
1,604
504
1.07
0.01
0.44
0.29
0.37
0.83
0.84
0.33
1.04
0.36
0.60
0.61
0.33
2,899,829
2,913,111
13,282
0.46
187,310
161,050
451,263
88,645
105,279
87,241
102,908
121,584
187,956
162,507
454,287
88,857
106,653
87,623
103,497
122,330
646
1,457
3,025
212
1,374
382
589
746
0.34
0.90
0.67
0.24
1.29
0.44
0.57
0.61
2,668,263
2,689,010
20,747
0.77
702,076
96,164
166,662
560,815
707,459
97,478
167,759
566,402
5,383
1,314
1,098
5,587
0.76
1.35
0.65
0.99
3,994,566
4,058,881
64,315
1.58
365,220
73,041
44,719
113,401
459,797
781,667
91,983
370,663
74,660
45,386
114,704
468,819
794,860
93,219
5,443
1,619
668
1,304
9,021
13,192
1,236
1.47
2.17
1.47
1.14
1.92
1.66
1.33
Louisiana
4,424,618
4,523,993
99,375
2.20
Alexandria, LA MSA
Baton Rouge, LA MSA
Houma, LA MSA
Lafayette, LA MSA
Lake Charles, LA MSA
Monroe, LA MSA
New Orleans, LA MSA
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
125,957
589,573
196,923
384,915
183,883
148,651
1,322,427
380,874
128,339
603,905
200,314
392,850
187,016
151,600
1,355,983
390,014
2,383
14,332
3,390
7,935
3,133
2,949
33,556
9,139
1.86
2.37
1.69
2.02
1.68
1.95
2.47
2.34
Bloomington-Normal, IL MSA
Champaign-Urbana, IL MSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IL portion)
Decatur, IL MSA
Kankakee, IL PMSA
Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA
Rockford, IL MSA
Springfield, IL MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (IL portion)
Indiana
Bloomington, IN MSA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (IN portion)
Elkhart-Goshen, IN MSA
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (IN portion)
Fort Wayne, IN MSA
Gary, IN PMSA
Indianapolis, IN MSA
Kokomo, IN MSA
Lafayette, IN MSA
Louisville, KY-IN MSA (IN portion)
Muncie, IN MSA
South Bend, IN MSA
Terre Haute, IN MSA
Iowa
Cedar Rapids, IA MSA
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IA portion)
Des Moines, IA MSA
Dubuque, IA MSA
Iowa City, IA MSA
Omaha, NE-IA MSA (IA portion)
Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (IA portion)
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA
Kansas
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (KS portion)
Lawrence, KS MSA
Topeka, KS MSA
Wichita, KS MSA
Kentucky
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (KY portion)
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (KY portion)
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (KY portion)
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (KY portion)
Lexington, KY MSA
Louisville, KY-IN MSA (KY portion)
Owensboro, KY MSA
Appendix B-3
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
State, MSA
Maine
1,259,170
1,268,481
9,311
0.73
142,487
101,140
258,218
143,591
101,989
260,458
1,103
848
2,240
0.77
0.83
0.86
5,274,608
5,395,635
121,027
2.24
2,535,095
71,207
130,017
2,065,815
86,291
2,590,294
72,123
132,058
2,119,201
87,794
55,198
916
2,041
53,386
1,503
2.13
1.27
1.55
2.52
1.71
6,198,746
6,244,609
45,863
0.73
213,660
5,171,003
131,287
589,449
215,304
5,207,498
132,474
594,773
1,644
36,495
1,187
5,324
0.76
0.70
0.90
0.90
9,678,943
9,751,789
72,846
0.75
545,691
155,736
4,416,136
426,501
1,031,539
153,099
437,407
439,909
390,635
549,633
157,131
4,458,625
430,940
1,038,034
153,549
440,395
444,836
392,731
3,942
1,395
42,488
4,439
6,495
450
2,988
4,927
2,096
0.72
0.89
0.95
1.03
0.63
0.29
0.68
1.11
0.53
4,829,798
4,855,828
26,030
0.54
192,425
51,893
30,565
19,432
2,822,228
119,379
165,400
192,729
52,223
30,684
19,444
2,842,741
119,805
166,027
304
330
120
12
20,513
426
626
0.16
0.63
0.39
0.06
0.72
0.36
0.38
2,815,743
2,876,098
60,355
2.10
362,481
115,637
441,307
107,001
368,654
117,918
452,195
108,801
6,172
2,281
10,889
1,800
1.67
1.93
2.41
1.65
5,540,378
5,576,552
36,174
0.65
133,781
153,024
1,080,015
317,239
97,478
1,980,109
135,481
153,450
1,090,752
318,500
97,816
1,996,868
1,700
426
10,738
1,261
338
16,759
1.25
0.28
0.98
0.40
0.35
0.84
949,657
972,459
22,802
2.34
136,789
83,811
96,593
139,359
85,460
98,805
2,570
1,650
2,212
1.84
1.93
2.24
1,705,467
1,717,719
12,252
0.71
244,604
628,069
19,138
246,364
634,182
19,270
1,761
6,113
132
0.71
0.96
0.68
Nevada
1,871,299
1,919,561
48,262
2.51
Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (NV portion)
Reno, NV MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
1,291,870
324,768
1,324,375
333,380
32,505
8,611
2.45
2.58
Bangor, ME NECMA
Lewiston-Auburn, ME NECMA
Portland, ME NECMA
Maryland
Baltimore, MD PMSA
Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (MD portion)
Hagerstown, MD PMSA
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (MD portion)
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (MD portion)
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (MA portion)
Pittsfield, MA NECMA
Springfield, MA NECMA
Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI PMSA
Benton Harbor, MI MSA
Detroit, MI PMSA
Flint, MI PMSA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA
Jackson, MI MSA
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA
Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)
Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)
La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (MN portion)
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)
Rochester, MN MSA
St. Cloud, MN MSA
Mississippi
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA
Hattiesburg, MS MSA
Jackson, MS MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (MS portion)
Missouri
Columbia, MO MSA
Joplin, MO MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (MO portion)
Springfield, MO MSA
St. Joseph, MO MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (MO portion)
Montana
Billings, MT MSA
Great Falls, MT MSA
Missoula, MT MSA
Nebraska
Lincoln, NE MSA
Omaha, NE-IA MSA (NE portion)
Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (NE portion)
Appendix B-4
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
State, MSA
New Hampshire
1,224,230
1,234,846
10,616
0.86
769,223
775,517
6,294
0.81
8,177,791
8,250,120
72,329
0.88
340,034
1,346,939
548,813
1,141,587
1,119,292
1,958,556
1,249,408
332,810
140,352
344,198
1,355,775
568,647
1,146,203
1,114,963
1,988,523
1,252,527
336,874
142,412
4,164
8,836
19,833
4,616
-4,329
29,967
3,119
4,063
2,060
1.21
0.65
3.49
0.40
-0.39
1.51
0.25
1.21
1.45
1,860,397
1,920,618
60,221
3.14
729,650
183,866
154,134
748,542
190,039
157,863
18,892
6,173
3,729
2.52
3.25
2.36
18,146,185
18,474,607
328,422
1.78
866,097
242,841
1,134,916
264,629
90,413
121,257
135,947
2,672,200
8,729,589
332,467
1,078,414
725,692
286,897
869,978
244,643
1,137,964
267,248
90,981
122,082
137,195
2,659,106
9,020,776
336,477
1,085,693
729,676
289,340
3,881
1,801
3,048
2,618
568
825
1,247
-13,095
291,187
4,010
7,279
3,984
2,443
0.45
0.74
0.27
0.98
0.62
0.68
0.91
-0.49
3.23
1.19
0.67
0.55
0.84
7,777,253
7,928,110
150,857
1.90
219,713
1,281,013
278,834
113,890
1,199,672
131,641
331,118
136,403
19,101
1,137,033
150,335
232,071
222,810
1,306,573
285,083
116,250
1,219,429
134,888
336,004
139,493
19,424
1,162,650
153,714
236,062
3,098
25,559
6,249
2,359
19,756
3,247
4,885
3,090
322
25,616
3,380
3,991
1.39
1.96
2.19
2.03
1.62
2.41
1.45
2.22
1.66
2.20
2.20
1.69
North Dakota
661,689
666,663
4,974
0.75
Bismarck, ND MSA
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)
Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)
Footnotes at end of table.
96,620
124,700
68,541
96,852
125,447
69,235
232
747
694
0.24
0.60
1.00
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (NH portion)
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May, NJ PMSA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ PMSA
Jersey City, NJ PMSA
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ PMSA
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ PMSA
Newark, NJ PMSA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (NJ portion)
Trenton, NJ PMSA
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ PMSA
New Mexico
Albuquerque, NM MSA
Las Cruces, NM MSA
Santa Fe, NM MSA
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA
Binghamton, NY MSA
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA
Dutchess County, NY PMSA
Elmira, NY MSA
Glens Falls, NY MSA
Jamestown, NY MSA
Nassau-Suffolk, NY PMSA
New York, NY PMSA
Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (NY portion)
Rochester, NY MSA
Syracuse, NY MSA
Utica-Rome, NY MSA
North Carolina
Asheville, NC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (NC portion)
Fayetteville, NC MSA
Goldsboro, NC MSA
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Greenville, NC MSA
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA
Jacksonville, NC MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (NC portion)
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA
Rocky Mount, NC MSA
Wilmington, NC MSA
Appendix B-5
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
State, MSA
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
Ohio
Akron, OH PMSA
Canton-Massillon, OH MSA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (OH portion)
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA
Columbus, OH MSA
Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA
Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSA
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (OH portion)
Lima, OH MSA
Mansfield, OH MSA
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (OH portion)
Toledo, OH MSA
Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)
Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA
Oklahoma
Enid, OK MSA
Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (OK portion)
Lawton, OK MSA
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Tulsa, OK MSA
Oregon
Corvallis, OR MSA
Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA
Medford-Ashland, OR MSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (OR portion)
Salem, OR PMSA
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA
Altoona, PA MSA
Erie, PA MSA
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA
Johnstown, PA MSA
Lancaster, PA MSA
Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (PA portion)
Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (PA portion)
Pittsburgh, PA MSA
Reading, PA MSA
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA
Sharon, PA MSA
State College, PA MSA
Williamsport, PA MSA
York, PA MSA
Rhode Island
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA
South Carolina
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (SC portion)
Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (SC portion)
Columbia, SC MSA
Florence, SC MSA
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA
Myrtle Beach, SC MSA
Sumter, SC MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix B-6
11,318,718
11,400,840
82,122
0.72
697,768
404,730
1,224,621
2,230,158
1,504,282
949,061
341,067
65,171
154,419
174,967
63,810
73,338
609,339
68,870
590,115
703,476
406,126
1,236,907
2,249,833
1,521,356
957,736
342,864
65,290
155,017
175,484
63,872
73,463
615,160
68,897
592,906
5,707
1,396
12,286
19,675
17,074
8,675
1,797
120
597
517
62
125
5,821
27
2,791
0.81
0.34
0.99
0.87
1.12
0.91
0.52
0.18
0.39
0.29
0.10
0.17
0.95
0.04
0.47
3,372,514
3,435,350
62,836
1.83
56,095
38,463
113,469
1,050,889
788,335
56,988
39,067
115,853
1,073,188
803,325
892
604
2,384
22,299
14,990
1.57
1.54
2.06
2.08
1.87
3,397,161
3,464,440
67,279
1.94
79,643
322,771
180,047
1,549,465
341,263
82,244
330,093
183,771
1,574,639
349,342
2,600
7,322
3,724
25,174
8,080
3.16
2.22
2.03
1.60
2.31
12,202,050
12,250,280
48,230
0.39
629,057
132,139
280,149
631,131
238,012
470,100
44,209
3,767,703
2,366,547
364,836
616,878
123,745
136,329
118,350
386,535
628,615
132,665
281,988
634,399
239,321
474,514
44,550
3,787,017
2,364,746
367,401
614,334
124,404
138,516
119,133
388,635
-442
526
1,840
3,269
1,309
4,414
341
19,314
-1,801
2,565
-2,544
659
2,187
783
2,100
-0.07
0.40
0.65
0.52
0.55
0.93
0.77
0.51
-0.08
0.70
-0.41
0.53
1.58
0.66
0.54
997,607
1,001,737
4,130
0.41
915,124
918,343
3,220
0.35
3,858,023
3,937,527
79,504
2.02
155,075
538,486
157,724
517,545
125,616
925,006
179,932
106,562
158,164
552,247
160,417
529,120
128,234
940,515
183,149
109,026
3,090
13,761
2,694
11,575
2,618
15,509
3,217
2,463
1.95
2.49
1.68
2.19
2.04
1.65
1.76
2.26
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
State, MSA
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
South Dakota
777,073
785,318
8,245
1.05
92,376
176,926
93,037
177,505
661
579
0.71
0.33
5,657,161
5,758,958
101,797
1.77
328,660
135,290
104,421
386,125
689,476
967,795
1,221,257
334,588
138,051
106,322
390,984
700,252
993,684
1,244,232
5,928
2,761
1,901
4,859
10,775
25,889
22,974
1.77
2.00
1.79
1.24
1.54
2.61
1.85
20,119,335
20,727,421
608,086
2.93
121,201
211,725
1,162,314
378,088
237,543
325,178
134,511
382,536
3,322,711
695,704
1,637,223
249,892
4,019,454
310,405
191,377
212,738
227,003
529,394
245,634
101,835
1,540,126
104,662
83,925
172,817
82,686
205,175
138,102
123,776
215,816
1,201,692
384,737
242,737
336,155
139,182
397,393
3,420,519
727,138
1,680,478
255,203
4,157,348
318,172
197,312
216,874
232,994
552,940
250,603
104,078
1,599,034
106,429
85,387
176,455
84,838
209,992
140,611
2,576
4,091
39,378
6,649
5,194
10,978
4,671
14,858
97,808
31,434
43,256
5,311
137,894
7,767
5,936
4,136
5,991
23,546
4,969
2,243
58,908
1,768
1,462
3,638
2,152
4,817
2,509
2.08
1.90
3.28
1.73
2.14
3.27
3.36
3.74
2.86
4.32
2.57
2.08
3.32
2.44
3.01
1.91
2.57
4.26
1.98
2.16
3.68
1.66
1.71
2.06
2.54
2.29
1.78
2,207,013
2,246,639
39,626
1.76
6,517
356,712
1,317,850
6,615
366,722
1,334,532
98
10,010
16,681
1.48
2.73
1.25
616,803
623,862
7,059
1.13
203,268
205,288
2,020
0.98
Virginia
6,997,006
7,147,001
149,995
2.10
Charlottesville, VA MSA
Danville, VA MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (VA portion)
Lynchburg, VA MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (VA portion)
Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA
Roanoke, VA MSA
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (VA portion)
Footnotes at end of table.
155,381
108,728
90,545
213,341
1,559,205
987,409
230,405
2,138,046
159,057
110,788
91,789
216,853
1,599,952
1,007,676
233,603
2,185,278
3,676
2,060
1,244
3,512
40,746
20,267
3,198
47,232
2.31
1.86
1.36
1.62
2.55
2.01
1.37
2.16
Rapid City, SD MSA
Sioux Falls, SD MSA
Tennessee
Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (TN portion)
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (TN portion)
Jackson, TN MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (TN portion)
Knoxville, TN MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (TN portion)
Nashville, TN MSA
Texas
Abilene, TX MSA
Amarillo, TX MSA
Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX MSA
Brazoria, TX PMSA
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX MSA
Bryan-College Station, TX MSA
Corpus Christi, TX MSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
El Paso, TX MSA
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA
Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA
Houston, TX PMSA
Killeen-Temple, TX MSA
Laredo, TX MSA
Longview-Marshall, TX MSA
Lubbock, TX MSA
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA
Odessa-Midland, TX MSA
San Angelo, TX MSA
San Antonio, TX MSA
Sherman-Denison, TX MSA
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (TX portion)
Tyler, TX MSA
Victoria, TX MSA
Waco, TX MSA
Wichita Falls, TX MSA
Utah
Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (UT portion)
Provo-Orem, UT MSA
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA
Vermont
Burlington, VT NECMA
Appendix B-7
Appendix B. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by MSA, continued
State, MSA
2000 Population Projections
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Number 1
Rate2
for undercount for undercount
Washington
Bellingham, WA MSA
Bremerton, WA PMSA
Olympia, WA PMSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (WA portion)
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA
Spokane, WA MSA
Tacoma, WA PMSA
Yakima, WA MSA
West Virginia
Charleston, WV MSA
Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (WV portion)
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (WV portion)
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (WV portion)
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (WV portion)
Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)
Eau Claire, WI MSA
Green Bay, WI MSA
Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA
Kenosha, WI PMSA
La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (WI portion)
Madison, WI MSA
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)
Racine, WI PMSA
Sheboygan, WI MSA
Wausau, WI MSA
Wyoming
5,858,392
5,973,573
115,181
1.93
163,995
242,520
212,267
351,365
187,839
2,367,312
419,421
691,982
219,116
168,156
247,610
216,582
356,173
192,946
2,405,895
424,960
705,630
227,350
4,161
5,090
4,315
4,808
5,107
38,583
5,539
13,648
8,234
2.47
2.06
1.99
1.35
2.65
1.60
1.30
1.93
3.62
1,840,983
1,866,397
25,414
1.36
257,450
27,090
137,506
87,881
60,215
118,446
83,799
260,692
27,395
139,386
88,880
60,871
120,401
84,764
3,242
305
1,880
999
656
1,955
965
1.24
1.11
1.35
1.12
1.08
1.62
1.14
5,326,324
5,363,914
37,590
0.70
351,958
43,285
145,598
220,773
154,092
148,413
104,093
441,748
1,484,050
97,382
189,953
111,898
125,429
353,453
43,366
146,316
221,866
154,898
149,393
104,828
446,064
1,503,683
97,648
191,608
112,420
125,824
1,496
81
719
1,093
806
980
734
4,316
19,633
266
1,655
522
395
0.42
0.19
0.49
0.49
0.52
0.66
0.70
0.97
1.31
0.27
0.86
0.46
0.31
524,700
536,215
11,515
2.15
Casper, WY MSA
68,405
69,624
1,220
1.75
Cheyenne, WY MSA
87,144
88,947
1,804
2.03
Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: Adjusted county totals, and therefore the undercount amount, will not sum to state total because of the different methodologies used to calculate
the state and county population amounts.
1
Adjusted minus unadjusted 2000 population projections.
2
Undercount as a percent of unadjusted population projection.
3
Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original figures.
Appendix B-8
Appendix C: 2000 Population Projections by Center County
(Adjusted and Unadjusted)
Appendix C. Census 2000 Undercount by County
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
Total, All Center Counties
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
2.04
4,450,583
4,529,922
79,339
1.75
117,681
48,727
105,842
87,320
661,145
86,202
104,456
64,852
289,974
404,965
219,107
112,587
154,615
163,714
119,549
49,782
107,170
88,828
675,167
87,360
106,885
65,786
294,882
414,106
223,315
114,136
157,057
166,934
1,868
1,055
1,328
1,508
14,022
1,158
2,429
934
4,908
9,141
4,208
1,548
2,441
3,220
1.56
2.12
1.24
1.70
2.08
1.33
2.27
1.42
1.66
2.21
1.88
1.36
1.55
1.93
653,293
666,937
13,644
2.05
278,564
285,736
7,172
2.51
4,797,526
4,920,243
122,717
2.49
115,603
2,882,749
796,420
133,652
122,042
2,940,924
815,910
137,660
6,438
58,175
19,490
4,008
5.28
1.98
2.39
2.91
2,631,383
2,677,467
46,084
1.72
147,507
81,481
50,092
85,411
81,121
40,705
353,569
109,390
147,722
149,735
82,918
51,483
86,923
82,638
41,417
361,657
111,024
150,645
2,228
1,436
1,391
1,512
1,517
712
8,088
1,634
2,923
1.49
1.73
2.70
1.74
1.84
1.72
2.24
1.47
1.94
32,521,102
33,529,783
1,008,681
3.01
1,436,857
194,464
792,449
655,175
9,450,954
123,649
206,382
372,718
119,814
2,794,224
1,555,379
1,161,558
1,687,522
2,846,940
764,808
573,393
235,708
395,191
1,684,168
245,298
164,350
385,442
438,175
439,445
80,209
372,135
744,147
158,020
45,489
5,301
32,432
20,897
341,662
5,019
8,842
13,675
3,039
66,818
42,963
29,123
48,113
77,772
22,775
19,100
6,513
13,009
41,617
7,178
3,600
9,321
11,285
13,123
2,360
15,326
18,371
5,844
3.17
2.73
4.09
3.19
3.62
4.06
4.28
3.67
2.54
2.39
2.76
2.51
2.85
2.73
2.98
3.33
2.76
3.29
2.47
2.93
2.19
2.42
2.58
2.99
2.94
4.12
2.47
3.70
Anniston, AL
Dothan (part), AL
Gadsden, AL
Dothan (part), AL
Birmingham (part), AL
Florence, AL
Auburn, AL; Opelika, AL
Huntsville (part), AL
Huntsville (part), AL
Mobile, AL
Montgomery, AL
Decatur (part), AL
Birmingham (part), AL
Tuscaloosa, AL
Anchorage, AK
Flagstaff, AZ
Mesa, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; Scottsdale, AZ; Tempe, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Yuma, AZ
Arkansas
Benton County
Craighead County
Crittenden County
Faulkner County
Jefferson County
Miller County
Pulaski County
Sebastian County
Washington County
Rogers, AR; Springdale (part), AR
Jonesboro, AR
West Memphis, AR
Conway, AR
Pine Bluff, AR
Texarkana, AR
Jacksonville, AR; Little Rock, AR; North Little Rock, AR
Fort Smith, AR
Fayetteville, AR; Springdale (part), AR
California
Alameda County
Alameda, CA; Berkeley, CA; Oakland, CA
Butte County
Chico, CA; Paradise, CA
Fresno County
Fresno, CA
Kern County
Bakersfield, CA
Los Angeles County
Lancaster, CA; Long Beach, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Pasadena, CA
Madera County
Madera, CA
Merced County
Merced, CA
Monterey County
Monterey, CA; Salinas, CA
Napa County
Napa, CA
Orange County
Anaheim, CA; Irvine, CA; Santa Ana, CA
Riverside County
Hemet, CA; Palm Desert, CA; Palm Springs, CA; Riverside, CA; Temecula, CA
Sacramento County
Sacramento, CA
San Bernardino County
San Bernardino, CA
San Diego County
Coronado, CA; Escondido, CA; San Diego, CA
San Francisco County
San Francisco, CA
San Joaquin County
Lodi, CA; Stockton, CA
San Luis Obispo County
Atascadero, CA; El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA; San Luis Obispo, CA
Santa Barbara County
Lompoc, CA; Santa Barbara, CA; Santa Maria, CA
Santa Clara County
Gilroy, CA; Palo Alto, CA; San Jose, CA; Santa Clara, CA; Sunnyvale, CA
Santa Cruz County
Santa Cruz, CA; Watsonville, CA
Shasta County
Redding, CA
Solano County
Fairfield, CA; Vallejo, CA
Sonoma County
Petaluma, CA; Santa Rosa, CA
Stanislaus County
Modesto, CA; Turlock, CA
Sutter County
Yuba City, CA
Tulare County
Porterville, CA; Tulare, CA; Visalia, CA
Ventura County
San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA
Yolo County
Davis, CA; Woodland, CA
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-1
2
3,614,655
Arizona
Coconino County
Maricopa County
Pima County
Yuma County
Rate
177,300,582
Alaska
Anchorage Borough
1
Number
173,685,927
Alabama
Calhoun County
Dale County
Etowah County
Houston County
Jefferson County
Lauderdale County
Lee County
Limestone County
Madison County
Mobile County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Shelby County
Tuscaloosa County
Estimated 2000 Undercount
1,391,368
189,163
760,018
634,278
9,109,292
118,631
197,539
359,044
116,775
2,727,406
1,512,416
1,132,435
1,639,409
2,769,168
742,033
554,293
229,196
382,182
1,642,551
238,120
160,751
376,121
426,890
426,322
77,850
356,810
725,776
152,176
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
90,429
2.12
285,272
525,580
530,627
249,436
120,463
139,031
170,904
6,790
16,103
11,449
5,894
2,461
3,076
5,250
2.38
3.06
2.16
2.36
2.04
2.21
3.07
3,284,142
3,312,393
28,251
0.85
844,495
826,628
152,120
795,124
244,020
851,758
834,847
152,947
800,891
246,709
7,263
8,219
827
5,767
2,689
0.85
0.98
0.54
0.72
1.09
767,559
782,464
14,905
1.90
127,936
495,256
130,336
505,280
2,400
10,025
1.84
1.98
523,328
542,830
19,502
3.59
523,328
542,830
19,502
3.59
15,233,224
15,569,941
336,717
2.16
Bridgeport city, CT; Danbury city, CT; Norwalk city, CT; Stamford city, CT
Hartford city, CT
Middletown city, CT
Meriden city, CT; New Haven city, CT; Waterbury city, CT
New London city, CT; Norwich city, CT
Dover, DE
Newark, DE; Wilmington, DE
District of Columbia
District of Columbia
Washington, DC
Florida
2
4,258,653
Delaware
Kent County
New Castle County
Rate
278,482
509,478
519,179
243,542
118,002
135,955
165,654
Boulder, CO; Longmont, CO
Denver, CO
Colorado Springs, CO
Fort Collins, CO; Loveland, CO
Grand Junction, CO
Pueblo, CO
Greeley, CO
Connecticut
Fairfield County
Hartford County
Middlesex County
New Haven County
New London County
1
Number
4,168,224
Colorado
Boulder County
Denver County
El Paso County
Larimer County
Mesa County
Pueblo County
Weld County
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Alachua County
Bay County
Brevard County
Broward County
Charlotte County
Gainesville, FL
Panama City, FL
Melbourne, FL; Palm Bay, FL; Titusville, FL
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Punta Gorda, FL
199,868
150,475
478,448
1,550,294
140,112
205,104
153,098
486,261
1,582,531
141,338
5,235
2,623
7,813
32,236
1,226
2.55
1.71
1.61
2.04
0.87
Collier County3
Duval County
Escambia County
Hillsborough County
Lee County
Leon County
Manatee County
Marion County
Miami-Dade County
Okaloosa County
Orange County
Palm Beach County
Pinellas County
Polk County
Sarasota County
St. Lucie County
Volusia County
Naples, FL
Jacksonville, FL
Pensacola, FL
Tampa, FL
Cape Coral, FL; Fort Myers, FL
Tallahassee, FL
Bradenton, FL
Ocala, FL
Miami, FL; Miami Beach, FL
Fort Walton Beach, FL
Orlando, FL
Boca Raton, FL; West Palm Beach, FL
Clearwater, FL; St Petersburg, FL
Lakeland, FL; Winter Haven, FL
Sarasota, FL
Fort Pierce, FL; Port St Lucie, FL
Daytona Beach, FL
210,540
739,165
282,573
936,057
404,528
219,874
244,693
251,659
2,151,727
173,779
826,968
1,065,442
876,035
459,788
307,676
184,407
432,674
215,073
756,799
289,005
960,795
410,456
224,837
248,720
255,785
2,241,902
177,041
849,164
1,084,711
886,387
467,922
310,404
187,576
439,074
4,533
17,633
6,432
24,738
5,928
4,963
4,027
4,127
90,176
3,262
22,196
19,269
10,352
8,134
2,728
3,169
6,401
2.11
2.33
2.23
2.57
1.44
2.21
1.62
1.61
4.02
1.84
2.61
1.78
1.17
1.74
0.88
1.69
1.46
7,874,792
8,054,395
179,603
2.23
156,378
224,949
89,861
591,193
94,160
751,394
23,505
179,949
188,290
159,703
229,442
92,649
609,329
96,532
776,047
23,947
184,093
193,734
3,325
4,493
2,788
18,135
2,372
24,653
442
4,144
5,444
2.08
1.96
3.01
2.98
2.46
3.18
1.85
2.25
2.81
1,257,404
1,281,917
24,513
1.91
910,501
928,185
17,685
1.91
1,346,506
1,377,221
30,715
2.23
308,867
80,775
133,524
314,524
82,531
137,245
5,657
1,756
3,721
1.80
2.13
2.71
Georgia
Bibb County
Chatham County
Clarke County
DeKalb County
Dougherty County
Fulton County
Jones County
Muscogee County
Richmond County
Macon (part), GA
Savannah, GA
Athens-Clarke County, GA
Atlanta (part), GA
Albany, GA
Atlanta (part), GA
Macon (part), GA
Columbus, GA
Augusta-Richmond, GA
Hawaii
Honolulu County
Honolulu, HI
Idaho
Ada County
Boise City, ID
Bannock County
Pocatello (part), ID
Canyon County
Nampa, ID
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-2
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
Illinois
Champaign County
Cook County
DeKalb County
DuPage County
Kane County
Kankakee County
Lake County
Macon County
Madison County
McLean County
Peoria County
Rock Island County
Sangamon County
St. Clair County
Tazewell County
Will County
Winnebago County
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
131,586
1.08
166,971
5,230,008
85,667
897,754
409,876
103,339
624,315
112,327
260,081
145,456
180,674
146,636
193,337
262,857
127,972
485,002
269,705
2,545
90,651
1,082
4,031
4,455
963
4,318
682
1,387
1,135
1,515
1,113
937
3,817
331
2,944
1,711
1.52
1.73
1.26
0.45
1.09
0.93
0.69
0.61
0.53
0.78
0.84
0.76
0.48
1.45
0.26
0.61
0.63
6,044,528
6,075,839
31,311
0.52
319,963
117,336
178,048
74,733
84,882
475,625
132,820
822,941
117,756
262,715
142,439
170,689
105,890
321,671
118,040
178,827
75,064
85,204
480,468
133,274
834,888
119,032
264,319
144,239
171,429
106,420
1,708
704
779
331
322
4,843
453
11,947
1,277
1,604
1,800
741
531
0.53
0.60
0.44
0.44
0.38
1.01
0.34
1.43
1.07
0.61
1.25
0.43
0.50
2,899,829
2,913,111
13,282
0.46
121,584
88,645
105,279
187,310
370,711
87,241
161,050
102,908
122,330
88,857
106,653
187,956
373,583
87,623
162,507
103,497
746
212
1,374
646
2,872
382
1,457
589
0.61
0.24
1.29
0.34
0.77
0.44
0.90
0.57
2,668,263
2,689,010
20,747
0.77
96,164
448,228
73,452
460,949
166,662
153,049
97,478
450,830
73,959
466,127
167,759
155,275
1,314
2,602
507
5,178
1,098
2,226
1.35
0.58
0.69
1.11
0.65
1.43
3,994,566
4,058,881
64,315
1.58
49,076
73,041
91,983
244,882
44,719
671,661
49,616
74,660
93,219
249,831
45,386
683,521
540
1,619
1,236
4,949
668
11,860
1.09
2.17
1.33
1.98
1.47
1.74
4,424,618
4,523,993
99,375
2.20
95,673
242,164
183,883
399,890
192,868
461,364
148,651
125,957
201,943
106,610
97,879
248,324
187,016
410,856
196,868
477,626
151,600
128,339
205,282
108,444
2,206
6,160
3,133
10,966
4,000
16,262
2,949
2,383
3,339
1,834
2.25
2.48
1.68
2.67
2.03
3.40
1.95
1.86
1.63
1.69
Fort Wayne, IN
Muncie, IN
Elkhart, IN; Goshen, IN
New Albany, IN
Kokomo, IN
East Chicago, IN; Gary, IN
Anderson, IN
Indianapolis, IN
Bloomington, IN
South Bend, IN
Lafayette, IN
Evansville, IN
Terre Haute, IN
Cedar Falls, IA; Waterloo, IA
Dubuque, IA
Iowa City, IA
Cedar Rapids, IA
Des Moines, IA
Council Bluffs, IA
Davenport, IA
Sioux City, IA
Lawrence, KS
Olathe, KS
Leavenworth, KS
Wichita, KS
Topeka, KS
Kansas City, KS
Kentucky
Boyd County
Christian County
Daviess County
Fayette County
Henderson County
Jefferson County
Ashland, KY
Hopkinsville, KY
Owensboro, KY
Lexington-Fayette, KY
Henderson, KY
Louisville, KY
Louisiana
Bossier Parish
Shreveport (part), LA; Bossier City, LA
Caddo Parish
Shreveport (part), LA
Calcasieu Parish
Lake Charles, LA
East Baton Rouge Parish
Baton Rouge, LA
Lafayette Parish
Lafayette, LA
Orleans Parish
New Orleans, LA
Ouachita Parish
Monroe, LA
Rapides Parish
Alexandria, LA
St. Tammany Parish
Slidell, LA
Terrebonne Parish
Houma, LA
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-3
2
12,182,404
Kansas
Douglas County
Johnson County
Leavenworth County
Sedgwick County
Shawnee County
Wyandotte County
Rate
164,426
5,139,356
84,585
893,723
405,421
102,376
619,997
111,646
258,693
144,322
179,159
145,524
192,400
259,040
127,642
482,058
267,994
Iowa
Black Hawk County
Dubuque County
Johnson County
Linn County
Polk County
Pottawattamie County
Scott County
Woodbury County
1
Number
12,050,818
Champaign, IL; Urbana, IL
Chicago (part), IL; Elgin, IL; Evanston, IL
DeKalb, IL
Chicago (part), IL; Aurora, IL
Elgin, IL; Aurora, IL
Kankakee, IL
North Chicago, IL
Decatur, IL
Alton, IL; Granite City, IL
Bloomington, IL; Normal, IL
Pekin (part), IL; Peoria, IL
Moline, IL; Rock Island, IL
Springfield, IL
Belleville, IL; East St Louis, IL
Pekin (part), IL
Joliet, IL
Rockford, IL
Indiana
Allen County
Delaware County
Elkhart County
Floyd County
Howard County
Lake County
Madison County
Marion County
Monroe County
St. Joseph County
Tippecanoe County
Vanderburgh County
Vigo County
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
Maine
Androscoggin County
Cumberland County
Penobscot County
Auburn city, ME; Lewiston city, ME
Portland city, ME
Bangor city, ME
Maryland
Allegany County
Anne Arundel County
Baltimore city
Frederick County
Washington County
Cumberland, MD
Annapolis, MD
Baltimore, MD
Frederick, MD
Hagerstown, MD
Massachusetts
Barnstable County
Berkshire County
Bristol County
Essex County
Hampden County
Hampshire County
Middlesex County
Plymouth County
Suffolk County
Worcester County
Barnstable city, MA; Yarmouth town, MA
Pittsfield city, MA
Attleboro city, MA; Fall River city, MA; New Bedford city, MA
Gloucester city, MA; Lawrence city, MA; Lynn city, MA
Holyoke city, MA; Springfield city, MA; Westfield city, MA
Northampton city, MA
Cambridge city, MA; Lowell city, MA; Waltham city, MA
Brockton city, MA
Boston city, MA
Fitchburg city, MA; Leominster city, MA; Worcester city, MA
Michigan
Allegan County
Bay County
Calhoun County
Eaton County
Genesee County
Ingham County
Jackson County
Kalamazoo County
Kent County
Midland County
Muskegon County
Oakland County
Ottawa County
Saginaw County
St. Clair County
Washtenaw County
Wayne County
Holland (part), MI
Midland (part), MI; Bay City, MI
Battle Creek, MI
Lansing (part), MI
Flint, MI
Lansing (part), MI; East Lansing, MI
Jackson, MI
Kalamazoo, MI
Grand Rapids, MI
Midland (part), MI
Muskegon, MI
Pontiac, MI
Holland (part), MI
Saginaw, MI
Port Huron, MI
Ann Arbor, MI
Detroit, MI; Dearborn, MI
Minnesota
Benton County
Clay County
Hennepin County
Olmsted County
Ramsey County
St. Louis County
Stearns County
St Cloud (part), MN
Moorhead, MN
Minneapolis, MN
Rochester, MN
St Paul, MN
Duluth, MN
St Cloud (part), MN
Mississippi
Hattiesburg (part), MS
Forrest County
Biloxi, MS; Gulfport, MS
Harrison County
Jackson (part), MS
Hinds County
Pascagoula, MS
Jackson County
Hattiesburg (part), MS
Lamar County
Jackson (part), MS
Madison County
Jackson (part), MS
Rankin County
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-4
Estimated 2000 Undercount
1
Rate
Number
2
1,259,170
1,268,481
9,311
0.73
101,140
258,218
142,487
101,989
260,458
143,591
848
2,240
1,103
0.83
0.86
0.77
5,274,608
5,395,635
121,027
2.24
71,207
493,545
627,252
198,944
130,017
72,123
502,659
649,222
202,378
132,058
916
9,114
21,970
3,434
2,041
1.27
1.81
3.38
1.70
1.55
6,198,746
6,244,609
45,863
0.73
213,660
131,287
520,487
709,064
439,338
150,110
1,433,576
475,716
643,674
739,344
215,304
132,474
524,537
712,670
443,020
151,753
1,438,406
477,470
664,717
744,826
1,644
1,187
4,049
3,607
3,681
1,643
4,831
1,754
21,043
5,482
0.76
0.90
0.77
0.51
0.83
1.08
0.34
0.37
3.17
0.74
9,678,943
9,751,789
72,846
0.75
101,141
106,070
138,193
99,959
426,501
277,277
153,099
224,448
539,990
80,719
164,123
1,164,108
226,285
203,846
158,210
299,098
2,082,922
101,390
106,257
138,985
100,429
430,940
281,696
153,549
226,186
544,377
80,851
165,038
1,169,759
227,229
205,623
158,517
302,795
2,117,608
249
187
792
471
4,439
4,419
450
1,738
4,387
132
915
5,651
944
1,777
307
3,698
34,686
0.25
0.18
0.57
0.47
1.03
1.57
0.29
0.77
0.81
0.16
0.55
0.48
0.42
0.86
0.19
1.22
1.64
4,829,798
4,855,828
26,030
0.54
35,129
51,893
1,071,290
119,379
487,415
192,425
130,272
35,186
52,223
1,082,881
119,805
493,405
192,729
130,841
57
330
11,591
426
5,990
304
569
0.16
0.63
1.07
0.36
1.21
0.16
0.43
2,815,743
2,876,098
60,355
2.10
76,443
182,758
245,444
136,438
39,194
78,622
117,241
78,074
186,197
252,471
138,618
39,844
80,544
119,181
1,631
3,440
7,027
2,180
650
1,922
1,940
2.09
1.85
2.78
1.57
1.63
2.39
1.63
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
Missouri
Boone County
Buchanan County
Cass County
Christian County
Clay County
Greene County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Newton County
Platte County
St. Charles County
St. Louis city
36,174
0.65
135,481
81,970
85,767
54,321
183,743
233,442
669,850
102,716
50,734
74,136
291,148
334,299
1,700
327
293
58
1,113
1,182
8,653
333
93
588
1,305
7,748
1.25
0.40
0.34
0.11
0.61
0.51
1.29
0.32
0.18
0.79
0.45
2.32
949,657
972,459
22,802
2.34
83,811
96,593
136,789
85,460
98,805
139,359
1,650
2,212
2,570
1.93
2.24
1.84
1,705,467
1,717,719
12,252
0.71
456,053
244,604
460,536
246,364
4,483
1,761
0.97
0.71
1,871,299
1,919,561
48,262
2.51
1,259,642
324,768
1,291,332
333,380
31,690
8,611
2.45
2.58
1,224,230
1,234,846
10,616
0.86
375,368
282,229
111,626
378,704
284,262
112,551
3,336
2,033
925
0.88
0.72
0.82
8,177,791
8,250,120
72,329
0.88
241,261
505,358
140,352
744,355
548,813
332,810
467,833
244,720
507,832
142,412
768,801
568,647
336,874
466,302
3,459
2,474
2,060
24,446
19,833
4,063
-1,532
1.41
0.49
1.45
3.18
3.49
1.21
-0.33
1,860,397
1,920,618
60,221
3.14
558,254
183,866
134,671
571,893
190,039
138,142
13,638
6,173
3,471
2.38
3.25
2.51
18,146,185
18,474,607
328,422
1.78
292,003
1,269,772
192,438
80,823
137,195
90,981
267,248
922,426
2,364,112
715,666
1,633,366
215,538
225,990
453,174
336,477
2,054,536
151,593
412,459
200,348
142,783
61,510
1,833
66,618
1,537
615
1,247
568
2,618
2,854
97,812
3,970
66,297
194
2,046
1,609
4,010
51,079
854
956
719
-492
419
0.63
5.25
0.80
0.76
0.91
0.62
0.98
0.31
4.14
0.55
4.06
0.09
0.91
0.36
1.19
2.49
0.56
0.23
0.36
-0.34
0.68
Great Falls, MT
Missoula, MT
Billings, MT
Omaha, NE
Lincoln, NE
Las Vegas, NV
Reno, NV
New Hampshire
Hillsborough County
Rockingham County
Strafford County
Manchester city, NH; Nashua city, NH
Portsmouth city, NH
Rochester city, NH
New Jersey
Atlantic County
Camden County
Cumberland County
Essex County
Hudson County
Mercer County
Morris County
Atlantic City, NJ
Camden, NJ
Bridgeton, NJ; Millville, NJ; Vineland, NJ
Newark, NJ
Bayonne, NJ; Jersey City, NJ
Trenton, NJ
Dover, NJ
New Mexico
Bernalillo County
Dona Ana County
Santa Fe County
Albuquerque, NM
Las Cruces, NM
Santa Fe, NM
New York
Albany County
Albany, NY
Bronx County
Borough of the Bronx, NY
Broome County
Binghamton, NY
Cayuga County
Auburn, NY
Chautauqua County
Jamestown, NY
Chemung County
Elmira, NY
Dutchess County
Poughkeepsie, NY
Erie County
Buffalo, NY
Kings County
Borough of Brooklyn, NY
Monroe County
Rochester, NY
New York County
Borough of Manhattan, NY
Niagara County
Niagara Falls, NY
Oneida County
Rome, NY; Utica, NY
Onondaga County
Syracuse, NY
Orange County
Newburgh, NY
Queens County
Borough of Queens, NY
Rensselaer County
Troy, NY
Richmond County
Borough of Staten Island, NY
Saratoga County
Saratoga Springs, NY
Schenectady County
Schenectady, NY
Warren County
Glens Falls, NY
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-5
2
5,576,552
Nevada
Clark County
Washoe County
Rate
133,781
81,643
85,474
54,263
182,630
232,261
661,197
102,382
50,641
73,548
289,842
326,551
Nebraska
Douglas County
Lancaster County
1
Number
5,540,378
Columbia, MO
St Joseph, MO
Kansas City (part), MO
Springfield (part), MO
Kansas City (part), MO
Springfield (part), MO
Kansas City (part), MO
Joplin (part), MO
Joplin (part), MO
Kansas City (part), MO
St Charles, MO
St Louis, MO
Montana
Cascade County
Missoula County
Yellowstone County
Estimated 2000 Undercount
290,170
1,203,154
190,900
80,208
135,947
90,413
264,629
919,572
2,266,301
711,696
1,567,069
215,344
223,943
451,565
332,467
2,003,457
150,739
411,503
199,629
143,275
61,091
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
Allen County
Butler County
Clark County
Cuyahoga County
Fairfield County
Franklin County
Greene County
Hamilton County
Jefferson County
Licking County
Lorain County
Lucas County
Mahoning County
Montgomery County
Portage County
Richland County
Stark County
Summit County
Trumbull County
Washington County
Wood County
150,857
1.90
124,388
203,188
85,908
127,983
78,980
138,306
285,083
147,710
211,538
56,643
298,710
190,219
405,417
675,797
97,071
161,103
139,493
116,410
134,888
127,178
131,898
622,566
116,250
1,851
2,758
1,255
1,699
1,152
2,022
6,249
2,210
4,584
1,391
5,047
3,037
7,269
15,722
1,989
2,780
3,090
2,968
3,247
1,793
2,064
13,814
2,359
1.49
1.36
1.46
1.33
1.46
1.46
2.19
1.50
2.17
2.46
1.69
1.60
1.79
2.33
2.05
1.73
2.22
2.55
2.41
1.41
1.56
2.22
2.03
661,689
666,663
4,974
0.75
70,983
124,700
68,541
71,202
125,447
69,235
219
747
694
0.31
0.60
1.00
11,318,718
11,400,840
82,122
0.72
106,618
341,067
144,978
1,373,914
129,790
1,037,326
149,285
843,685
73,338
139,203
284,820
445,364
252,959
555,232
153,649
127,825
374,922
544,119
224,689
63,810
121,202
107,159
342,864
145,673
1,390,675
129,946
1,053,533
150,403
854,843
73,463
139,484
286,677
450,318
254,709
561,878
154,795
128,269
376,301
548,680
225,627
63,872
121,925
541
1,797
695
16,762
156
16,207
1,117
11,157
125
281
1,857
4,954
1,749
6,647
1,146
444
1,380
4,561
939
62
723
0.51
0.52
0.48
1.21
0.12
1.54
0.74
1.31
0.17
0.20
0.65
1.10
0.69
1.18
0.74
0.35
0.37
0.83
0.42
0.10
0.59
3,372,514
3,435,350
62,836
1.83
87,171
205,646
113,469
56,095
26,730
637,385
43,168
62,627
71,138
549,176
88,476
209,981
115,853
56,988
27,148
652,161
44,555
63,568
72,075
560,063
1,306
4,335
2,384
892
418
14,776
1,387
941
937
10,887
1.48
2.06
2.06
1.57
1.54
2.27
3.11
1.48
1.30
1.94
Lima, OH
Hamilton, OH; Middletown, OH
Springfield, OH
Cleveland, OH
Columbus (part), OH; Lancaster, OH
Columbus (part), OH; Springfield, OR
Fairborn, OH
Cincinnati, OH
Steubenville, OH
Newark, OH
Elyria, OH; Lorain, OH
Toledo, OH
Youngstown (part), OH
Dayton, OH
Kent, OH
Mansfield, OH
Canton, OH; Massillon, OH
Akron, OH
Youngstown (part), OH; Warren, OH
Marietta, OH
Bowling Green, OH
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Canadian County
Oklahoma City (part), OK; Norman, OK
Cleveland County
Lawton, OK
Comanche County
Enid, OK
Garfield County
Oklahoma City (part), OK
McClain County
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Oklahoma County
Tulsa (part), OK
Osage County
Oklahoma City (part), OK; Shawnee, OK
Pottawatomie County
Tulsa (part), OK
Rogers County
Tulsa (part), OK
Tulsa County
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-6
2
7,928,110
Bismarck, ND
Fargo, ND
Grand Forks, ND
Ohio
Rate
122,536
200,430
84,653
126,285
77,829
136,284
278,834
145,501
206,954
55,253
293,663
187,181
398,147
660,076
95,082
158,323
136,403
113,442
131,641
125,385
129,834
608,753
113,890
Burlington, NC
Asheville, NC
Hickory (part), NC; Morganton, NC
Concord, NC; Kannapolis, NC
Lenoir, NC
Hickory (part), NC
Fayetteville, NC
High Point (part), NC
Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC
Rocky Mount (part), NC
Winston-Salem, NC; High Point, NC
Gastonia, NC
Greensboro, NC; High Point, NC
Charlotte, NC
Rocky Mount (part), NC
Wilmington, NC
Jacksonville, NC
Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC
Greenville, NC
High Point (part), NC
Kannapolis, NC
Raleigh, NC
Goldsboro, NC
North Dakota
Burleigh County
Cass County
Grand Forks County
1
Number
7,777,253
North Carolina
Alamance County
Buncombe County
Burke County
Cabarrus County
Caldwell County
Catawba County
Cumberland County
Davidson County
Durham County
Edgecombe County
Forsyth County
Gaston County
Guilford County
Mecklenburg County
Nash County
New Hanover County
Onslow County
Orange County
Pitt County
Randolph County
Rowan County
Wake County
Wayne County
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
Oregon
Benton County
Clackamas County
Jackson County
Lane County
Marion County
Multnomah County
Polk County
Washington County
Allegheny County
Berks County
Blair County
Cambria County
Centre County
Cumberland County
Dauphin County
Erie County
Lackawanna County
Lancaster County
Lebanon County
Lehigh County
Luzerne County
Lycoming County
Mercer County
Northampton County
Philadelphia County
York County
67,279
1.94
82,244
354,295
183,771
330,093
283,318
655,661
66,024
429,229
2,600
3,998
3,724
7,322
6,645
11,925
1,434
6,351
3.16
1.13
2.03
2.22
2.35
1.82
2.17
1.48
12,202,050
12,250,280
48,230
0.39
1,270,697
364,836
132,139
156,304
136,329
214,548
251,275
280,149
208,280
470,100
119,620
304,666
313,789
118,350
123,745
264,395
1,432,266
386,535
1,268,552
367,401
132,665
157,118
138,516
214,602
253,319
281,988
206,627
474,514
120,483
303,906
312,136
119,133
124,404
264,550
1,459,337
388,635
-2,144
2,565
526
814
2,187
55
2,044
1,840
-1,653
4,414
862
-760
-1,653
783
659
155
27,070
2,100
-0.17
0.70
0.40
0.52
1.58
0.03
0.81
0.65
-0.80
0.93
0.72
-0.25
-0.53
0.66
0.53
0.06
1.85
0.54
997,607
1,001,737
4,130
0.41
162,869
578,675
161,156
582,840
-1,713
4,165
-1.06
0.71
3,858,023
3,937,527
79,504
2.02
134,974
162,361
135,175
315,760
87,550
125,616
355,953
179,932
305,697
248,434
106,562
157,724
137,608
164,663
138,686
324,059
89,503
128,234
361,919
183,149
313,827
252,601
109,026
160,417
2,633
2,303
3,510
8,299
1,952
2,618
5,965
3,217
8,130
4,167
2,463
2,694
1.91
1.40
2.53
2.56
2.18
2.04
1.65
1.76
2.59
1.65
2.26
1.68
777,073
785,318
8,245
1.05
22,784
154,142
92,376
22,793
154,712
93,037
9
570
661
0.04
0.37
0.71
5,657,161
5,758,958
101,797
1.77
73,001
54,748
545,452
300,813
52,021
380,457
88,968
135,290
182,756
885,067
155,119
106,540
74,026
55,375
557,984
306,379
52,656
387,114
90,612
138,051
186,182
908,997
156,920
108,115
1,025
627
12,532
5,565
635
6,657
1,644
2,761
3,426
23,930
1,801
1,574
1.38
1.13
2.25
1.82
1.21
1.72
1.81
2.00
1.84
2.63
1.15
1.46
Pittsburgh, PA
Reading, PA
Altoona,PA
Johnstown, PA
State College, PA
Carlisle, PA
Harrisburg, PA
Erie, PA
Scranton, PA
Lancaster, PA
Lebanon, PA
Allentown, PA; Bethlehem, PA
Wilkes-Barre, PA
Williamsport, PA
Sharon, PA
Bethlehem, PA
Philadelphia, PA
York, PA
Warwick city, RI
Pawtucket city, RI; Providence city, RI; Woonsocket city, RI
Aiken, SC
Anderson, SC
North Charleston (part), SC
Charleston, SC; North Charleston, SC
North Charleston (part), SC
Florence, SC
Greenville, SC
Myrtle Beach, SC
Columbia, SC
Spartanburg, SC
Sumter, SC
Rock Hill, SC
South Dakota
Lincoln County
Minnehaha County
Pennington County
Sioux Falls (part), SD
Sioux Falls (part), SD
Rapid City, SD
Tennessee
Anderson County
Oak Ridge (part), TN
Carter County
Johnson City (part), TN
Davidson County
Nashville-Davidson, TN
Hamilton County
Chattanooga, TN
Hawkins County
Kingsport, TN
Knox County
Knoxville, TN
Madison County
Jackson, TN
Montgomery County
Clarksville, TN
Rutherford County
Murfreesboro, TN
Shelby County
Memphis, TN
Sullivan County
Johnson City (part), TN; Kingsport, TN; Bristol, TN
Washington County
Johnson City (part), TN
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-7
2
3,464,440
South Carolina
Aiken County
Anderson County
Berkeley County
Charleston County
Dorchester County
Florence County
Greenville County
Horry County
Richland County
Spartanburg County
Sumter County
York County
Rate
79,643
350,296
180,047
322,771
276,673
643,736
64,590
422,878
Rhode Island
Kent County
Providence County
1
Number
3,397,161
Corvallis, OR
Portland (part), OR
Ashland, OR; Medford, OR
Eugene, OR; Springfield, OR
Salem (part), OR
Portland (part), OR
Salem (part), OR
Portland (part), OR
Pennsylvania
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
Texas
Archer County
Bell County
Bexar County
Bowie County
Brazos County
Caldwell County
Cameron County
Chambers County
Collin County
Comal County
Dallas County
Denton County
Ector County
El Paso County
Fort Bend County
Galveston County
Grayson County
Gregg County
Guadalupe County
Harris County
Harrison County
Hays County
Hidalgo County
Jefferson County
Kaufman County
Lubbock County
McLennan County
Midland County
Montgomery County
Nueces County
Potter County
Randall County
Rockwall County
San Patricio County
Smith County
Tarrant County
Taylor County
Tom Green County
Travis County
Victoria County
Webb County
Wichita County
Williamson County
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
2
20,727,421
608,086
2.93
8,570
235,303
1,399,723
85,387
139,182
34,379
336,155
25,215
488,700
80,043
2,140,363
423,185
127,087
727,138
373,326
255,203
106,429
117,543
85,194
3,356,335
61,582
96,402
552,940
245,929
70,513
232,994
209,992
123,516
303,992
322,595
112,331
103,484
41,247
74,798
176,455
1,426,866
123,776
104,078
761,968
84,838
197,312
132,041
254,531
154
5,937
54,350
1,462
4,671
1,127
10,978
564
9,818
1,400
71,675
9,443
2,558
31,434
9,041
5,311
1,768
2,272
2,218
120,267
1,208
3,037
23,546
4,576
1,245
5,991
4,817
2,412
6,005
12,307
2,400
1,691
725
2,551
3,638
39,053
2,576
2,243
28,160
2,152
5,936
2,355
5,944
1.80
2.52
3.88
1.71
3.36
3.28
3.27
2.24
2.01
1.75
3.35
2.23
2.01
4.32
2.42
2.08
1.66
1.93
2.60
3.58
1.96
3.15
4.26
1.86
1.77
2.57
2.29
1.95
1.98
3.81
2.14
1.63
1.76
3.41
2.06
2.74
2.08
2.16
3.70
2.54
3.01
1.78
2.34
2,207,013
2,246,639
39,626
1.76
245,819
881,941
356,712
190,090
248,593
893,379
366,722
192,560
2,774
11,437
10,010
2,470
1.12
1.28
2.73
1.28
616,803
623,862
7,059
1.13
150,057
151,549
1,492
0.98
6,997,006
7,147,001
149,995
2.10
178,616
17,408
37,872
50,559
22,458
138,239
65,696
180,936
205,790
34,172
98,107
192,342
93,631
65,906
444,305
184,546
17,641
38,934
51,472
23,069
142,213
66,978
186,708
212,375
34,907
101,043
198,279
95,278
67,619
454,953
5,930
233
1,062
914
611
3,973
1,282
5,772
6,585
735
2,936
5,937
1,647
1,713
10,648
3.21
1.32
2.73
1.78
2.65
2.79
1.91
3.09
3.10
2.11
2.91
2.99
1.73
2.53
2.34
Clearfield, UT
Salt Lake City, UT
Orem, UT; Provo, UT
Ogden, UT
Burlington city, VT
Virginia
Arlington, VA
Arlington County
Bristol, VA
Bristol city
Charlottesville, VA
Charlottesville city
Danville, VA
Danville city
Fredericksburg, VA
Fredericksburg city
Hampton, VA
Hampton city
Lynchburg, VA
Lynchburg city
Newport News, VA
Newport News city
Norfolk, VA
Norfolk city
Petersburg, VA
Petersburg city
Portsmouth, VA
Portsmouth city
Richmond, VA
Richmond city
Roanoke, VA
Roanoke city
Suffolk, VA
Suffolk city
Virginia Beach, VA
Virginia Beach city
Footnotes at end of table. For Estimated Undercount and Undercount Rate by demographic group, see Appendix D.
Appendix C-8
Rate
8,416
229,366
1,345,373
83,925
134,511
33,252
325,178
24,652
478,882
78,643
2,068,687
413,742
124,529
695,704
364,286
249,892
104,662
115,271
82,975
3,236,068
60,373
93,365
529,394
241,353
69,269
227,003
205,175
121,105
297,987
310,288
109,932
101,793
40,522
72,248
172,817
1,387,813
121,201
101,835
733,808
82,686
191,377
129,686
248,587
Vermont
Chittenden County
1
Number
20,119,335
Wichita Falls (part), TX
Killeen, TX; Temple, TX
San Antonio, TX
Texarkana, TX
Bryan, TX; College Station, TX
San Marcos (part), TX
Brownsville, TX; Harlingen, TX; San Benito, TX
Baytown, TX
Dallas (part), TX
New Braunfels (part), TX
Dallas (part), TX; Irving, TX
Dallas (part), TX; Denton, TX
Odessa (part), TX
El Paso, TX
Houston (part), TX
Galveston, TX; Texas City, TX
Denison, TX; Sherman, TX
Longview (part), TX
New Braunfels (part), TX
Houston (part), TX; Baytown, TX
Longview (part), TX; Marshall, TX
San Marcos (part), TX
Edinburg, TX; McAllen, TX; Mission, TX
Beaumont, TX; Port Arthur, TX
Dallas (part), TX
Lubbock, TX
Waco, TX
Odessa (part), TX; Midland (part), TX
Houston (part), TX; Conroe, TX
Corpus Christi (part), TX
Amarillo (part), TX
Amarillo (part), TX
Dallas (part), TX
Corpus Christi (part), TX
Tyler, TX
Fort Worth, TX; Arlington, TX
Abilene (part), TX
San Angelo, TX
Austin (part), TX
Victoria, TX
Laredo, TX
Wichita Falls (part), TX
Austin (part), TX
Utah
Davis County
Salt Lake County
Utah County
Weber County
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Appendix C. Estimated 2000 Census Undercount by County, continued
St
County
Center City in County (in whole or part)
Washington
Benton County
Clark County
Franklin County
King County
Kitsap County
Pierce County
Snohomish County
Spokane County
Thurston County
Whatcom County
Yakima County
Kennewick, WA; Richland, WA
Vancouver, WA
Pasco, WA
Bellevue, WA; Seattle, WA
Bremerton, WA
Tacoma, WA
Everett, WA
Spokane, WA
Olympia, WA
Bellingham, WA
Yakima, WA
West Virginia
Brooke County
Cabell County
Hancock County
Kanawha County
Marshall County
Wayne County
Wood County
Weirton (part), WV
Huntington (part), WV
Weirton (part), WV
Charleston, WV
Wheeling, WV
Huntington (part), WV
Parkersburg, WV
Wisconsin
Brown County
Calumet County
Chippewa County
Dane County
Douglas County
Eau Claire County
Kenosha County
La Crosse County
Marathon County
Milwaukee County
Outagamie County
Racine County
Rock County
Sheboygan County
Washington County
Waukesha County
Winnebago County
Green Bay, WI
Appleton (part), WI
Eau Claire (part), WI
Madison, WI
Superior, WI
Eau Claire (part), WI
Kenosha, WI
La Crosse, WI
Wausau, WI
Milwaukee (part), WI
Appleton (part), WI
Racine, WI
Beloit, WI; Janesville, WI
Sheboygan, WI
Milwaukee (part), WI
Milwaukee (part), WI; Waukesha, WI
Appleton (part), WI; Neenah, WI; Oshkosh, WI
Wyoming
Cheyenne, WY
Laramie County
Casper, WY
Natrona County
Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
2000 Population Projections
Unadjusted for Adjusted for
undercount
undercount
1
Number
Rate
2
5,858,392
5,973,573
115,181
1.93
140,977
351,365
46,862
1,676,120
242,520
691,982
618,763
419,421
212,267
163,995
219,116
144,302
356,173
48,644
1,704,694
247,610
705,630
627,133
424,960
216,582
168,156
227,350
3,325
4,808
1,782
28,575
5,090
13,648
8,370
5,539
4,315
4,161
8,234
2.30
1.35
3.66
1.68
2.06
1.93
1.33
1.30
1.99
2.47
3.62
1,840,983
1,866,397
25,414
1.36
26,101
94,939
34,114
203,307
35,466
42,568
87,881
26,397
96,294
34,474
206,006
35,833
43,092
88,880
296
1,355
360
2,699
367
525
999
1.12
1.41
1.04
1.31
1.02
1.22
1.12
5,326,324
5,363,914
37,590
0.70
220,773
39,379
55,022
441,748
43,285
90,576
148,413
104,093
125,429
917,187
160,378
189,953
154,092
111,898
118,610
365,172
152,201
221,866
39,410
55,091
446,064
43,366
91,226
149,393
104,828
125,824
935,582
161,178
191,608
154,898
112,420
118,776
366,012
152,866
1,093
31
69
4,316
81
650
980
734
395
18,395
800
1,655
806
522
166
840
665
0.49
0.08
0.13
0.97
0.19
0.71
0.66
0.70
0.31
1.97
0.50
0.86
0.52
0.46
0.14
0.23
0.44
524,700
536,215
11,515
2.15
87,144
68,405
88,947
69,624
1,804
1,220
2.03
1.75
1
Adjusted minus unadjusted 2000 population projections.
2
Undercount as a percent of unadjusted population projection.
3
Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original figures.
Appendix C-9
Estimated 2000 Undercount
Appendix D: Estimated Census 2000 Undercount and Undercount Rate by
Center County by Demographic Group
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount and Undercount Rate by Center County by Demographic Group
State, Center County
Alabama
Calhoun County
Dale County
Etowah County
Houston County
Jefferson County
Lauderdale County
Lee County
Limestone County
Madison County
Mobile County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Shelby County
Tuscaloosa County
Alaska
Anchorage Borough
Arizona
Coconino County
Maricopa County
Pima County
Yuma County
Arkansas
Benton County
Craighead County
Crittenden County
Faulkner County
Jefferson County
Miller County
Pulaski County
Sebastian County
Washington County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
38,159
1,768
38,012
247
1,152
79,339
1.17
5.35
3.24
1.38
3.31
1.75
1,150
656
876
774
4,279
866
1,475
675
2,853
3,263
1,463
1,166
1,934
1,757
65
66
16
26
209
26
41
24
161
233
82
39
61
59
609
307
393
674
9,345
257
752
234
1,696
5,398
2,608
332
426
1,269
2
2
5
6
12
1
1
2
22
27
1
-2
6
5
42
24
39
28
177
8
160
-1
177
219
55
14
13
130
1,868
1,055
1,328
1,508
14,022
1,158
2,429
934
4,908
9,141
4,208
1,548
2,441
3,220
1.24
1.74
0.97
1.19
1.03
1.12
1.95
1.22
1.31
1.23
1.21
1.17
1.37
1.50
4.07
4.65
3.61
4.34
6.26
5.48
5.04
5.63
3.78
5.76
4.37
4.13
5.07
4.96
2.61
3.29
2.47
3.04
3.71
2.80
2.73
2.45
2.69
3.92
2.67
2.67
3.19
2.71
0.74
0.98
1.70
1.78
1.09
0.33
0.52
1.08
1.21
1.31
0.22
-0.58
1.58
1.70
3.15
2.15
6.94
3.64
3.77
2.60
6.09
-0.49
2.45
4.18
2.41
2.24
0.97
6.87
1.56
2.12
1.24
1.70
2.08
1.33
2.27
1.42
1.66
2.21
1.88
1.36
1.55
1.93
9,357
1,160
1,006
1,048
1,074
13,644
1.99
4.35
3.40
1.13
2.29
2.05
4,610
614
704
509
734
7,172
2.23
4.24
3.48
2.98
2.67
2.51
33,250
45,764
13,783
26,982
2,938
122,717
1.01
4.38
7.23
9.34
2.67
2.49
1,869
17,342
4,854
1,145
587
25,629
9,048
2,512
64
10,557
2,641
139
3,840
2,779
2,213
134
79
1,867
734
78
6,438
58,175
19,490
4,008
2.82
0.82
0.96
1.71
4.33
4.54
4.02
4.13
2.86
7.90
7.72
2.84
9.98
4.68
7.50
5.83
5.22
2.46
3.50
2.84
5.28
1.98
2.39
2.91
28,813
2,182
14,217
353
519
46,084
1.32
6.48
3.35
2.17
2.60
1.72
1,925
1,197
402
1,224
499
366
3,092
1,208
2,460
209
55
20
37
16
29
291
101
203
9
135
959
225
997
309
4,586
210
72
70
5
3
6
1
3
18
26
53
15
46
7
20
4
5
102
89
135
2,228
1,436
1,391
1,512
1,517
712
8,088
1,634
2,923
1.35
1.57
1.51
1.58
1.15
1.22
1.27
1.27
1.75
6.09
7.38
4.68
4.69
3.99
6.33
6.24
4.59
6.21
3.10
2.58
3.99
2.89
2.60
2.95
4.25
2.86
2.72
3.24
1.76
3.13
1.48
0.35
1.97
1.41
1.72
2.69
1.43
7.34
2.71
4.66
0.90
2.24
2.57
1.75
6.90
1.49
1.73
2.70
1.74
1.84
1.72
2.24
1.47
1.94
Appendix D-1
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
California
Alameda County
Butte County
Fresno County
Kern County
Los Angeles County
Madera County
Merced County
Monterey County
Napa County
Orange County
Riverside County
Sacramento County
San Bernardino County
San Diego County
San Francisco County
San Joaquin County
San Luis Obispo County
Santa Barbara County
Santa Clara County
Santa Cruz County
Shasta County
Solano County
Sonoma County
Stanislaus County
Sutter County
Tulare County
Ventura County
Yolo County
Colorado
Boulder County
Denver County
El Paso County
Larimer County
Mesa County
Pueblo County
Weld County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
188,921
513,013
195,255
11,094
100,398
1,008,681
1.20
4.90
7.45
3.66
2.29
3.01
5,532
3,394
3,405
4,422
27,730
948
1,858
3,105
1,380
12,452
9,020
6,961
9,609
17,302
4,795
3,859
3,700
4,785
7,574
3,184
2,637
3,012
6,158
5,179
926
2,925
4,218
2,120
10,455
1,180
20,572
12,080
196,639
3,760
5,279
8,523
1,469
40,948
25,607
7,474
25,000
35,131
5,229
8,720
2,072
6,691
19,947
3,441
477
2,371
4,258
6,243
1,113
10,909
12,011
2,283
22,797
85
3,514
3,174
83,994
158
346
765
46
4,851
6,126
10,238
11,046
15,811
6,257
2,526
152
402
5,806
112
53
3,201
248
283
73
227
1,371
152
302
124
407
361
1,856
93
82
155
28
422
735
349
564
997
113
175
102
212
309
94
158
106
189
145
43
354
208
108
6,404
519
4,534
859
31,444
60
1,277
1,127
116
8,145
1,475
4,102
1,894
8,531
6,381
3,820
486
919
7,980
347
275
632
432
1,273
204
910
562
1,180
45,489
5,301
32,432
20,897
341,662
5,019
8,842
13,675
3,039
66,818
42,963
29,123
48,113
77,772
22,775
19,100
6,513
13,009
41,617
7,178
3,600
9,321
11,285
13,123
2,360
15,326
18,371
5,844
0.93
2.15
1.11
1.33
0.96
1.60
2.13
2.05
1.58
0.84
1.09
1.01
1.15
1.12
1.82
1.43
2.12
2.18
0.98
2.01
1.83
1.54
1.81
1.97
1.88
1.85
1.04
2.32
4.31
5.56
6.02
5.20
4.81
6.85
6.33
5.59
6.02
4.91
4.79
4.38
4.30
4.72
4.43
5.33
5.07
5.02
4.65
5.10
5.15
4.07
6.35
4.82
6.58
6.15
4.69
5.51
7.96
2.89
8.14
6.96
7.68
3.41
3.53
3.31
3.46
8.86
6.39
8.32
7.50
8.22
7.46
7.29
2.18
3.26
8.62
3.25
3.79
5.73
3.48
3.39
4.56
3.65
7.18
3.87
2.75
3.28
4.34
3.29
3.45
3.98
3.89
4.24
2.91
2.77
4.20
2.39
3.09
4.08
3.11
2.95
3.66
4.52
2.83
4.07
3.46
2.80
3.47
2.85
3.06
5.82
3.34
4.35
2.12
5.76
4.92
2.61
2.34
2.38
5.32
2.70
1.98
2.00
1.83
2.52
1.85
2.53
2.15
3.83
4.70
3.55
2.00
2.50
5.65
0.87
2.25
3.77
1.84
3.81
1.02
6.33
3.17
2.73
4.09
3.19
3.62
4.06
4.28
3.67
2.54
2.39
2.76
2.51
2.85
2.73
2.98
3.33
2.76
3.29
2.47
2.93
2.19
2.42
2.58
2.99
2.94
4.12
2.47
3.70
43,444
25,976
16,646
1,583
2,780
90,429
1.31
4.47
7.79
3.69
2.52
2.12
5,186
2,731
4,635
4,790
1,906
1,087
2,656
981
5,508
2,114
768
438
1,810
2,434
108
6,912
4,116
57
27
94
33
70
272
132
62
41
49
60
445
680
452
217
49
35
66
6,790
16,103
11,449
5,894
2,461
3,076
5,250
2.09
0.97
1.14
2.16
1.79
1.39
2.13
4.47
4.31
4.26
4.07
3.90
3.31
5.84
3.33
7.66
8.53
2.97
3.89
2.61
3.10
3.54
3.45
2.58
3.39
4.04
3.60
4.43
4.51
3.75
2.32
4.09
3.93
2.82
3.09
2.38
3.06
2.16
2.36
2.04
2.21
3.07
Appendix D-2
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Connecticut
Fairfield County
Hartford County
Middlesex County
New Haven County
New London County
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
-5,606
13,229
18,108
159
2,359
28,251
-0.21
5.02
5.30
2.00
2.86
0.85
-2,529
-3,079
10
-3,773
1,564
4,427
4,309
206
3,041
474
4,681
6,367
521
5,858
460
33
34
2
15
57
651
588
86
627
134
7,263
8,219
827
5,767
2,689
-0.40
-0.50
0.01
-0.61
0.73
4.87
5.19
5.12
4.76
4.85
4.59
5.89
6.43
5.75
3.16
2.13
1.87
0.93
0.80
3.90
2.28
2.75
3.30
3.73
2.40
0.85
0.98
0.54
0.72
1.09
7,173
1,490
5,916
39
287
14,905
1.22
6.52
3.90
1.67
1.82
1.90
Kent County
New Castle County
1,334
4,616
169
1,126
846
4,028
9
17
43
239
2,400
10,025
1.38
1.22
5.01
6.54
3.10
4.17
1.26
1.92
1.64
1.99
1.84
1.98
District of Columbia
2,174
2,715
13,788
41
784
19,502
1.41
7.93
4.11
3.05
4.50
3.59
District of Columbia
2,174
2,715
13,788
41
784
19,502
1.41
7.93
4.11
3.05
4.50
3.59
108,814
123,388
97,454
1,784
5,277
336,717
1.03
5.35
4.02
3.34
1.94
2.16
2,782
1,759
4,571
7,549
953
1,799
6,828
2,881
8,148
3,507
2,703
1,520
2,191
4,285
2,186
7,965
5,061
4,831
4,192
1,414
1,514
3,719
510
139
1,095
10,363
139
2,163
1,387
423
9,497
1,194
273
1,339
670
64,742
258
6,696
6,571
1,508
1,429
532
403
1,199
1,469
600
1,853
13,647
129
481
9,046
2,858
6,591
1,115
1,771
1,108
1,224
20,094
613
6,955
7,243
3,659
2,385
733
1,204
1,326
16
32
42
202
9
57
57
62
97
45
14
29
22
288
27
88
72
50
52
13
11
36
458
94
252
475
-4
33
315
208
406
69
202
30
20
767
179
493
323
303
77
36
36
121
5,235
2,623
7,813
32,236
1,226
4,533
17,633
6,432
24,738
5,928
4,963
4,027
4,127
90,176
3,262
22,196
19,269
10,352
8,134
2,728
3,169
6,401
1.98
1.42
1.12
0.72
0.74
1.10
1.39
1.43
1.32
1.01
1.81
0.74
1.07
0.87
1.53
1.44
0.64
0.65
1.16
0.50
1.09
1.03
5.00
3.72
5.20
5.43
3.15
5.83
5.85
6.10
5.51
4.57
4.16
8.05
6.08
5.16
3.60
5.94
5.83
4.84
5.39
5.35
4.24
5.00
3.15
3.01
3.97
4.54
1.94
3.87
4.14
4.15
4.44
3.35
2.79
4.54
3.21
4.44
3.29
4.48
4.43
4.17
3.19
4.32
3.30
2.74
3.45
2.54
2.18
4.95
2.71
6.15
2.37
2.08
2.80
3.81
2.07
3.37
2.48
5.25
2.38
2.90
3.33
2.05
3.16
2.09
2.09
2.77
6.15
2.31
2.56
1.46
-0.28
2.44
1.40
2.46
2.15
1.83
4.33
1.34
1.02
2.08
2.60
1.88
1.93
1.87
1.73
1.42
1.80
2.34
2.55
1.71
1.61
2.04
0.87
2.11
2.33
2.23
2.57
1.44
2.21
1.62
1.61
4.02
1.84
2.61
1.78
1.17
1.74
0.88
1.69
1.46
Delaware
Florida
Alachua County
Bay County
Brevard County
Broward County
Charlotte County
Collier County
Duval County
Escambia County
Hillsborough County
Lee County
Leon County
Manatee County
Marion County
Miami-Dade County
Okaloosa County
Orange County
Palm Beach County
Pinellas County
Polk County
Sarasota County
St. Lucie County
Volusia County
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix D-3
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Georgia
Bibb County
Chatham County
Clarke County
DeKalb County
Dougherty County
Fulton County
Jones County
Muscogee County
Richmond County
Hawaii
Honolulu County
Idaho
Ada County
Bannock County
Canyon County
Illinois
Champaign County
Cook County
DeKalb County
DuPage County
Kane County
Kankakee County
Lake County
Macon County
Madison County
McLean County
Peoria County
Rock Island County
Sangamon County
St. Clair County
Tazewell County
Will County
Winnebago County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
72,471
13,277
89,281
451
4,124
179,603
1.36
7.40
3.77
2.53
2.82
2.23
1,014
1,566
1,474
2,650
575
3,088
197
1,332
1,206
43
139
125
1,592
35
1,381
6
334
269
2,224
2,681
953
12,846
1,738
19,523
237
2,379
3,860
1
16
12
23
6
26
0
9
20
43
91
224
1,023
18
634
2
90
89
3,325
4,493
2,788
18,135
2,372
24,653
442
4,144
5,444
1.26
1.30
2.57
0.99
1.42
1.02
1.23
1.44
1.34
4.27
4.06
6.22
7.54
4.17
7.78
5.43
5.26
5.96
2.89
2.64
3.22
4.38
3.20
4.43
3.09
2.95
4.14
0.55
3.21
6.30
1.85
2.39
2.13
0.00
1.45
3.29
3.43
2.38
6.47
3.89
2.76
4.45
2.26
2.28
1.73
2.08
1.96
3.01
2.98
2.46
3.18
1.85
2.25
2.81
7,840
3,262
2,476
225
10,711
24,513
2.12
5.16
7.49
3.28
1.33
1.91
4,976
2,033
2,386
136
8,153
17,685
1.98
4.87
7.91
3.07
1.36
1.91
21,884
6,449
325
1,612
445
30,715
1.77
6.75
3.66
7.19
2.61
2.23
5,024
1,333
1,910
356
145
1,679
64
36
37
93
199
54
119
41
41
5,657
1,756
3,721
1.72
1.82
1.76
3.11
3.55
6.81
2.72
3.27
5.03
3.68
7.25
3.96
2.13
3.44
1.96
1.80
2.13
2.71
20,635
31,973
69,327
443
9,208
131,586
0.24
2.63
3.59
1.61
2.14
1.08
956
8,539
593
2,231
411
149
1,317
128
553
666
289
508
227
580
205
368
328
173
22,287
215
545
2,931
169
1,035
22
45
116
125
68
67
48
70
814
380
589
53,127
75
931
913
635
1,742
519
733
207
996
504
608
3,090
51
1,732
907
2
277
3
16
16
0
20
2
6
7
1
5
0
14
-2
8
11
824
6,421
195
307
184
9
205
11
51
139
105
27
34
85
5
22
84
2,545
90,651
1,082
4,031
4,455
963
4,318
682
1,387
1,135
1,515
1,113
937
3,817
331
2,944
1,711
0.72
0.33
0.77
0.29
0.14
0.18
0.27
0.13
0.24
0.50
0.20
0.42
0.13
0.33
0.17
0.10
0.15
4.83
2.53
6.19
1.03
3.88
5.96
1.70
3.14
1.12
4.57
3.63
0.63
3.50
0.99
4.71
2.26
3.34
3.17
3.66
3.02
4.50
3.23
3.54
3.72
3.32
3.69
2.84
3.51
4.13
3.32
3.81
3.67
2.93
3.16
0.65
2.03
2.05
1.35
1.72
0.00
1.26
1.39
0.84
2.24
0.18
1.15
0.00
2.42
-0.73
0.79
1.45
7.15
2.36
7.26
0.47
2.21
0.91
0.93
1.63
2.27
5.15
3.30
1.87
1.51
2.91
0.80
0.23
1.83
1.52
1.73
1.26
0.45
1.09
0.93
0.69
0.61
0.53
0.78
0.84
0.76
0.48
1.45
0.26
0.61
0.63
Appendix D-4
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Indiana
Allen County
Delaware County
Elkhart County
Floyd County
Howard County
Lake County
Madison County
Marion County
Monroe County
St. Joseph County
Tippecanoe County
Vanderburgh County
Vigo County
Iowa
Black Hawk County
Dubuque County
Johnson County
Linn County
Polk County
Pottawattamie County
Scott County
Woodbury County
Kansas
Douglas County
Johnson County
Leavenworth County
Sedgwick County
Shawnee County
Wyandotte County
Kentucky
Boyd County
Christian County
Daviess County
Fayette County
Henderson County
Jefferson County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
9,982
2,643
16,626
115
1,945
31,311
0.19
2.02
3.20
0.76
3.11
0.52
251
390
222
174
106
705
96
4,084
770
364
984
210
281
236
43
234
4
57
-35
45
92
103
260
163
48
31
1,131
219
295
145
143
4,117
307
7,475
87
824
85
441
127
3
5
2
1
0
10
-1
17
8
14
4
2
0
88
47
26
6
15
47
6
279
309
142
565
40
92
1,708
704
779
331
322
4,843
453
11,947
1,277
1,604
1,800
741
531
0.09
0.36
0.14
0.25
0.14
0.24
0.08
0.68
0.71
0.16
0.76
0.14
0.29
3.08
4.28
5.03
1.11
3.87
-0.07
3.92
0.94
5.28
3.66
5.22
3.99
2.92
2.95
2.62
3.07
3.95
2.62
3.11
2.63
3.63
2.44
2.73
2.53
2.93
1.90
0.25
1.59
0.39
1.05
0.00
0.79
-0.19
0.85
2.77
1.48
1.05
0.74
0.00
2.00
4.76
1.47
1.83
2.08
1.09
0.91
2.31
7.21
3.46
7.46
2.80
5.28
0.53
0.60
0.44
0.44
0.38
1.01
0.34
1.43
1.07
0.61
1.25
0.43
0.50
7,063
1,784
2,334
219
1,882
13,282
0.26
3.56
3.59
2.33
4.20
0.46
338
135
706
349
1,660
330
744
162
40
26
119
60
87
11
98
190
318
7
86
148
804
23
537
87
6
0
6
6
14
6
8
43
44
44
456
84
307
11
70
107
746
212
1,374
646
2,872
382
1,457
589
0.31
0.16
0.75
0.20
0.50
0.39
0.52
0.17
3.16
3.96
5.12
2.37
0.89
0.48
1.54
5.15
3.13
1.57
3.00
3.15
3.77
3.62
4.92
3.45
2.23
0.00
2.42
1.20
1.11
2.07
1.30
1.97
2.66
5.74
6.88
3.24
2.70
2.19
2.84
4.62
0.61
0.24
1.29
0.34
0.77
0.44
0.90
0.57
7,744
4,474
6,305
451
1,773
20,747
0.34
3.44
3.51
1.71
3.41
0.77
662
1,881
121
1,986
159
410
154
51
111
457
341
10
127
493
222
2,130
532
1,718
49
16
1
76
39
7
321
160
53
529
27
81
1,314
2,602
507
5,178
1,098
2,226
0.80
0.45
0.20
0.54
0.12
0.46
5.01
0.42
3.81
1.81
3.27
0.08
2.70
4.46
2.37
4.21
3.09
3.50
1.83
0.97
0.16
1.35
1.85
0.56
7.58
1.43
3.14
3.60
1.34
3.09
1.35
0.58
0.69
1.11
0.65
1.43
51,314
1,587
10,358
164
892
64,315
1.39
5.32
3.48
2.37
3.05
1.58
513
796
1,109
3,523
557
6,174
6
143
16
116
10
302
6
588
112
1,012
97
5,162
8
10
1
14
2
25
7
81
-2
284
2
197
540
1,619
1,236
4,949
668
11,860
1.08
1.55
1.26
1.72
1.34
1.13
1.23
5.11
3.63
3.43
4.42
5.58
0.54
3.16
2.72
2.88
2.85
4.15
6.84
2.55
0.87
2.93
2.60
2.34
3.25
5.46
-0.43
4.62
0.79
2.65
1.09
2.17
1.33
1.98
1.47
1.74
Appendix D-5
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Louisiana
Bossier Parish
Caddo Parish
Calcasieu Parish
East Baton Rouge Parish
Lafayette Parish
Orleans Parish
Ouachita Parish
Rapides Parish
St. Tammany Parish
Terrebonne Parish
Maine
Androscoggin County
Cumberland County
Penobscot County
Maryland
Allegany County
Anne Arundel County
Baltimore city
Frederick County
Washington County
Massachusetts
Barnstable County
Berkshire County
Bristol County
Essex County
Hampden County
Hampshire County
Middlesex County
Plymouth County
Suffolk County
Worcester County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
35,617
5,689
55,775
420
1,874
99,375
1.26
5.22
3.71
2.12
2.96
2.20
1,058
1,418
1,679
3,434
2,212
969
1,280
1,065
2,280
996
148
160
83
444
143
878
52
76
229
54
968
4,519
1,359
6,700
1,475
13,888
1,554
1,193
785
626
4
14
2
14
12
22
7
8
24
84
29
50
9
374
159
505
56
40
21
74
2,206
6,160
3,133
10,966
4,000
16,262
2,949
2,383
3,339
1,834
1.49
1.06
1.25
1.46
1.58
0.71
1.33
1.26
1.33
1.25
6.15
6.07
3.62
6.33
4.01
5.90
3.79
4.66
4.10
3.16
4.31
4.11
2.79
4.20
2.94
4.46
2.98
2.96
2.98
3.00
1.08
2.41
0.47
1.91
2.85
2.72
2.77
1.49
2.99
1.65
1.76
3.02
0.92
4.41
5.61
3.81
4.80
2.94
1.24
5.89
2.25
2.48
1.68
2.67
2.03
3.40
1.95
1.86
1.63
1.69
8,082
494
185
269
281
9,311
0.65
5.61
3.45
4.35
2.80
0.73
732
1,935
921
67
116
42
19
60
18
4
23
68
26
105
54
848
2,240
1,103
0.74
0.77
0.66
6.89
5.79
4.95
3.86
3.53
3.14
1.73
2.98
5.23
3.37
3.23
4.08
0.83
0.86
0.77
41,170
11,553
64,609
407
3,289
121,027
1.21
6.17
4.16
2.56
1.45
2.24
826
5,177
1,847
2,699
1,737
24
632
357
176
81
54
2,985
19,349
474
183
1
42
62
10
6
10
278
355
75
35
916
9,114
21,970
3,434
2,041
1.20
1.32
0.99
1.50
1.46
4.67
5.45
6.07
4.65
5.78
2.59
3.60
4.34
3.05
1.89
1.80
2.39
2.92
2.23
1.94
1.98
2.01
4.07
2.29
2.51
1.27
1.81
3.38
1.70
1.55
-11,166
19,189
27,486
320
10,033
45,863
-0.22
5.33
6.20
2.24
3.93
0.73
1,133
931
2,193
-2,302
-2,766
607
-6,497
170
334
333
247
94
993
2,944
3,115
338
3,487
566
4,061
2,758
163
88
554
2,233
3,086
189
4,073
896
13,653
1,499
45
12
27
63
20
2
25
16
51
42
56
62
282
669
225
506
3,742
106
2,944
850
1,644
1,187
4,049
3,607
3,681
1,643
4,831
1,754
21,043
5,482
0.56
0.74
0.46
-0.38
-0.84
0.45
-0.53
0.04
0.10
0.05
6.40
4.86
4.88
5.28
5.38
5.87
5.14
4.52
5.65
5.71
3.49
2.63
4.03
5.96
6.28
5.20
6.88
3.31
6.78
6.16
3.14
4.42
2.42
3.75
2.44
0.74
1.17
1.58
2.12
2.46
2.67
3.93
3.27
3.39
3.36
6.63
4.04
1.52
5.48
3.91
0.76
0.90
0.77
0.51
0.83
1.08
0.34
0.37
3.17
0.74
Appendix D-6
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Michigan
Allegan County
Bay County
Calhoun County
Eaton County
Genesee County
Ingham County
Jackson County
Kalamazoo County
Kent County
Midland County
Muskegon County
Oakland County
Ottawa County
Saginaw County
St. Clair County
Washtenaw County
Wayne County
Minnesota
Benton County
Clay County
Hennepin County
Olmsted County
Ramsey County
St. Louis County
Stearns County
Mississippi
Forrest County
Harrison County
Hinds County
Jackson County
Lamar County
Madison County
Rankin County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
Asian/
American
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Pacific Is.
Indian
Total
13,030
6,065
48,739
910
4,103
72,846
0.17
2.56
3.28
1.48
2.47
0.75
-66
-29
139
174
776
1,954
68
602
1,639
52
24
1,947
272
-35
17
1,227
2,931
253
153
105
90
45
277
97
192
270
47
145
59
512
470
153
286
139
46
44
500
190
3,539
1,522
269
715
2,227
23
729
3,099
42
1,287
123
1,097
30,907
7
9
6
3
29
36
2
15
60
2
8
23
11
14
9
12
58
8
9
42
14
50
631
14
214
192
8
9
522
108
42
5
1,075
651
249
187
792
471
4,439
4,419
450
1,738
4,387
132
915
5,651
944
1,777
307
3,698
34,686
-0.07
-0.03
0.12
0.19
0.24
0.89
0.05
0.31
0.36
0.07
0.02
0.19
0.13
-0.02
0.01
0.52
0.27
5.98
3.74
3.43
3.14
0.48
1.85
3.56
4.29
1.61
3.46
3.39
0.25
4.32
3.30
4.43
4.33
0.27
2.82
3.12
2.90
4.46
3.65
4.61
1.99
3.02
4.15
2.58
2.76
3.12
2.77
3.09
3.10
2.82
3.27
1.12
1.18
0.89
0.56
0.91
1.66
0.31
1.41
1.77
0.64
0.56
0.51
1.26
1.23
1.07
0.98
0.72
1.22
1.38
2.46
1.53
1.16
5.51
1.29
4.38
2.14
0.61
1.03
1.27
2.46
2.21
0.61
5.73
2.03
0.25
0.18
0.57
0.47
1.03
1.57
0.29
0.77
0.81
0.16
0.55
0.48
0.42
0.86
0.19
1.22
1.64
8,298
1,963
7,782
2,947
5,038
26,030
0.19
2.33
4.70
4.43
3.51
0.54
42
153
3,914
116
1,769
8
416
9
108
190
54
246
47
49
6
12
5,218
33
1,764
53
23
4
11
383
6
102
137
4
-4
47
1,886
217
2,110
59
77
57
330
11,591
426
5,990
304
569
0.12
0.32
0.44
0.11
0.45
*
0.33
3.02
5.54
1.03
3.38
1.32
3.47
5.31
4.65
4.06
5.03
2.45
4.70
3.11
3.02
2.25
1.51
2.13
1.59
1.86
3.10
0.88
-1.39
6.35
3.55
3.37
5.06
3.23
4.84
0.16
0.63
1.07
0.36
1.21
0.16
0.43
21,638
1,010
36,223
710
775
60,355
1.22
5.05
3.45
7.35
3.63
2.10
812
1,885
1,239
1,211
441
519
1,134
32
154
61
64
19
24
48
719
1,096
5,656
851
188
1,377
750
0
11
6
6
0
1
1
69
293
65
48
2
1
7
1,631
3,440
7,027
2,180
650
1,922
1,940
1.60
1.40
1.09
1.17
1.30
1.24
1.20
4.27
3.71
5.88
3.46
6.03
5.47
5.01
2.78
2.80
4.17
2.76
3.54
3.63
3.30
0.00
2.01
2.32
2.01
0.00
2.44
1.49
8.77
4.04
3.62
2.50
0.92
0.14
1.05
2.09
1.85
2.78
1.57
1.63
2.39
1.63
Appendix D-7
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Missouri
Boone County
Buchanan County
Cass County
Christian County
Clay County
Greene County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Newton County
Platte County
St. Charles County
St. Louis city
Montana
Cascade County
Missoula County
Yellowstone County
Nebraska
Douglas County
Lancaster County
Nevada
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
10,428
1,652
21,934
237
1,923
36,174
0.22
2.02
3.38
0.98
2.93
0.65
803
161
168
23
854
821
2,130
191
37
380
895
836
96
61
32
19
20
112
44
49
35
42
9
76
454
89
60
4
186
140
6,182
42
7
105
346
6,589
6
6
12
10
13
24
26
19
-3
11
12
4
341
9
21
3
40
85
273
32
16
50
43
243
1,700
327
293
58
1,113
1,182
8,653
333
93
588
1,305
7,748
0.70
0.21
0.21
0.04
0.50
0.37
0.46
0.20
0.08
0.56
0.33
0.59
5.26
2.67
2.21
3.57
0.35
4.17
0.19
3.86
6.26
2.23
0.20
1.71
3.56
2.74
4.88
2.82
4.55
2.64
3.54
2.49
2.29
5.16
3.90
3.62
1.28
1.84
2.06
3.02
1.32
1.60
0.76
1.09
-0.23
2.52
1.63
0.44
6.04
2.29
3.62
1.36
1.86
3.19
2.67
3.98
3.77
3.22
1.44
5.46
1.25
0.40
0.34
0.11
0.61
0.51
1.29
0.32
0.18
0.79
0.45
2.32
15,389
1,001
158
6,022
232
22,802
1.76
5.28
3.56
9.21
2.96
2.34
1,324
1,941
2,101
71
55
219
61
9
36
144
138
188
50
68
26
1,650
2,212
2,570
1.73
2.10
1.65
3.96
3.71
4.23
3.63
2.12
3.55
3.68
5.08
4.02
3.66
4.33
2.23
1.93
2.24
1.84
5,584
2,111
2,963
794
800
12,252
0.36
3.69
3.92
4.89
3.36
0.71
1,739
946
139
260
2,297
201
69
36
239
318
4,483
1,761
0.46
0.42
0.83
4.04
3.92
3.09
1.98
1.90
3.13
4.95
0.97
0.71
19,767
13,136
11,663
1,745
1,950
48,262
1.43
4.94
7.79
5.47
2.26
2.51
Clark County
Washoe County
9,925
5,360
8,780
2,056
11,324
264
332
403
1,328
529
31,690
8,611
1.12
2.06
4.61
5.19
8.25
3.11
2.78
5.73
2.09
2.89
2.45
2.58
New Hampshire
8,972
827
331
55
430
10,616
0.75
5.22
3.61
2.14
2.88
0.86
2,613
1,668
788
409
170
49
146
113
21
16
11
6
152
72
61
3,336
2,033
925
0.73
0.61
0.72
5.19
4.95
4.23
3.65
4.01
3.32
2.10
2.10
2.42
2.46
1.89
4.20
0.88
0.72
0.82
-52,221
44,801
71,063
314
8,373
72,329
-0.95
4.82
5.42
1.50
1.73
0.88
520
-4,585
113
-3,531
-1,021
-1,318
-4,096
1,159
1,464
988
5,422
12,340
1,168
1,243
1,537
5,395
922
21,963
6,513
3,860
1,022
13
14
26
11
60
13
4
230
186
11
582
1,940
341
296
3,459
2,474
2,060
24,446
19,833
4,063
-1,532
0.32
-1.35
0.13
-1.27
-0.51
-0.60
-1.06
5.55
3.62
4.36
5.18
5.73
4.94
4.09
2.93
5.07
3.11
6.24
6.84
5.00
5.79
1.63
0.88
1.61
0.60
2.83
1.85
0.64
2.51
0.90
0.51
1.78
3.43
1.96
0.92
1.41
0.49
1.45
3.18
3.49
1.21
-0.33
Hillsborough County
Rockingham County
Strafford County
New Jersey
Atlantic County
Camden County
Cumberland County
Essex County
Hudson County
Mercer County
Morris County
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix D-8
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
New Mexico
Bernalillo County
Dona Ana County
Santa Fe County
New York
Albany County
Bronx County
Broome County
Cayuga County
Chautauqua County
Chemung County
Dutchess County
Erie County
Kings County
Monroe County
New York County
Niagara County
Oneida County
Onondaga County
Orange County
Queens County
Rensselaer County
Richmond County
Saratoga County
Schenectady County
Warren County
North Carolina
Alamance County
Buncombe County
Burke County
Cabarrus County
Caldwell County
Catawba County
Cumberland County
Davidson County
Durham County
Edgecombe County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
11,969
28,139
2,780
16,560
772
60,221
1.30
3.85
5.40
8.95
2.63
3.14
2,427
1,592
983
7,943
4,301
2,128
1,904
106
41
981
51
305
383
124
13
13,638
6,173
3,471
0.80
2.14
1.55
3.83
3.99
3.15
8.00
2.91
2.85
4.57
3.45
6.82
2.63
4.76
1.02
2.38
3.25
2.51
-45,715
122,692
214,949
2,312
34,185
328,422
-0.39
5.50
6.12
3.10
3.22
1.78
-967
-1,255
965
513
831
392
1,319
-6,846
-3,645
-4,664
1,489
-875
1,222
-2,307
1,646
-6,856
-4
-3,683
457
-1,156
383
296
27,330
136
30
274
23
439
1,195
24,644
1,406
24,602
111
249
349
1,384
22,148
111
1,480
117
118
29
2,211
37,735
178
56
107
145
707
7,620
70,233
6,651
31,534
890
455
3,096
900
25,084
470
2,839
110
500
6
5
278
7
10
17
5
3
268
294
8
324
48
18
26
18
107
3
9
4
4
1
288
2,529
251
5
19
4
152
617
6,286
569
8,348
19
102
446
62
10,597
274
311
32
43
0
1,833
66,618
1,537
615
1,247
568
2,618
2,854
97,812
3,970
66,297
194
2,046
1,609
4,010
51,079
854
956
719
-492
419
-0.39
-0.60
0.54
0.68
0.66
0.48
0.60
-0.92
-0.48
-0.84
0.24
-0.45
0.61
-0.60
0.61
-0.87
*
-1.22
0.24
-0.90
0.64
4.83
6.04
4.77
2.80
4.96
1.98
3.81
4.48
5.85
4.35
6.77
3.97
4.24
4.29
4.65
5.37
4.63
3.71
4.27
4.01
3.93
7.07
6.86
3.63
1.70
3.15
2.38
2.72
5.77
6.90
6.30
6.83
5.96
2.86
6.74
3.13
5.04
7.19
6.86
3.51
6.32
1.42
0.79
3.78
1.96
3.39
2.70
2.20
0.58
4.41
3.03
0.33
3.91
2.25
3.26
0.77
1.76
1.35
1.09
0.99
1.12
1.26
0.91
3.57
4.92
4.65
0.96
2.10
0.35
1.57
3.93
3.90
2.78
4.84
1.44
3.16
4.15
0.98
3.01
8.13
1.06
1.24
1.46
0.00
0.63
5.25
0.80
0.76
0.91
0.62
0.98
0.31
4.14
0.55
4.06
0.09
0.91
0.36
1.19
2.49
0.56
0.23
0.36
-0.34
0.68
77,243
7,537
60,544
2,656
2,876
150,857
1.33
6.81
3.37
2.77
2.92
1.90
1,136
2,172
994
1,183
973
1,509
2,689
1,605
1,898
300
53
92
40
47
33
85
576
72
152
11
632
458
182
454
142
385
2,680
489
2,271
1,073
7
10
1
7
1
12
104
15
14
1
23
27
39
8
2
31
200
29
250
6
1,851
2,758
1,255
1,699
1,152
2,022
6,249
2,210
4,584
1,391
1.17
1.20
1.29
1.09
1.32
1.24
1.66
1.23
1.56
1.26
4.48
4.67
7.01
5.39
6.51
5.50
3.75
7.44
5.57
5.92
2.53
2.59
2.65
2.62
3.06
2.95
2.87
3.22
2.81
3.30
1.90
1.55
0.73
1.52
1.16
4.07
2.06
2.97
2.28
1.33
2.60
1.94
2.69
1.06
1.15
2.02
2.12
3.37
4.51
5.68
1.49
1.36
1.46
1.33
1.46
1.46
2.19
1.50
2.17
2.46
Appendix D-9
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
North Carolina, continued
Forsyth County
Gaston County
Guilford County
Mecklenburg County
Nash County
New Hanover County
Onslow County
Orange County
Pitt County
Randolph County
Rowan County
Wake County
Wayne County
Burleigh County
Cass County
Grand Forks County
Ohio
Allen County
Butler County
Clark County
Cuyahoga County
Fairfield County
Franklin County
Greene County
Hamilton County
Jefferson County
Licking County
Lorain County
Lucas County
Mahoning County
Montgomery County
Portage County
Richland County
Stark County
Summit County
Trumbull County
Washington County
Wood County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
2,702
2,160
3,729
6,075
826
1,754
1,869
2,016
1,536
1,404
1,236
6,509
1,022
147
545
433
129
52
201
735
78
47
323
134
116
109
81
781
142
18
59
83
2,130
763
3,028
8,394
1,068
951
725
572
1,531
253
728
5,900
1,144
8
27
69
14
8
58
58
6
18
22
8
9
18
6
46
10
43
14
26
72
55
254
459
11
10
151
238
55
9
13
578
41
3
102
83
5,047
3,037
7,269
15,722
1,989
2,780
3,090
2,968
3,247
1,793
2,064
13,814
2,359
219
747
694
1.26
1.34
1.32
1.33
1.29
1.42
1.90
2.25
1.82
1.20
1.15
1.43
1.39
0.22
0.45
0.69
4.33
4.23
5.05
6.54
9.35
2.97
4.09
5.91
8.06
8.67
7.45
7.36
7.49
3.30
4.36
5.50
2.77
2.94
2.75
4.50
3.37
2.80
2.61
2.93
3.24
3.12
3.24
4.37
2.91
5.38
4.08
3.54
25,947
4,655
47,302
192
4,025
82,122
0.27
2.78
93
1,096
194
2,499
106
6,847
638
2,568
-31
131
318
1,466
175
2,331
777
56
317
1,533
280
26
478
41
60
48
643
26
221
46
52
19
33
664
180
25
51
40
48
112
7
24
12
145
403
536
433
12,969
18
7,879
328
8,169
138
89
809
2,988
1,516
4,046
229
322
915
2,785
611
25
32
-1
4
3
44
1
20
2
6
0
0
7
15
1
8
0
3
-2
8
4
0
5
5
101
17
607
4
1,240
104
363
-1
28
59
306
33
211
100
14
37
228
20
0
63
541
1,797
695
16,762
156
16,207
1,117
11,157
125
281
1,857
4,954
1,749
6,647
1,146
444
1,380
4,561
939
62
723
0.10
0.35
0.15
0.27
0.08
0.84
0.48
0.41
-0.05
0.10
0.13
0.42
0.09
0.54
0.53
0.05
0.09
0.33
0.14
0.04
0.42
2.84
2.85
4.41
1.89
3.41
2.12
2.68
1.02
3.79
4.00
3.37
1.03
0.40
1.08
3.80
4.38
3.12
0.21
1.35
3.82
3.55
Appendix D-10
Total
2.08
1.69
2.79
2.03
1.90
2.82
2.14
2.04
3.06
2.97
1.54
2.40
2.95
1.79
0.89
1.64
2.51
3.47
3.78
2.69
2.63
0.79
3.26
5.42
3.92
1.36
1.57
3.12
2.90
0.61
5.10
6.08
1.69
1.60
1.79
2.33
2.05
1.73
2.22
2.55
2.41
1.41
1.56
2.22
2.03
0.31
0.60
1.00
3.46
0.83
2.79
0.72
2.80
2.89
2.82
3.29
1.13
4.00
2.66
3.93
2.83
3.06
2.94
3.80
3.37
3.50
4.65
2.54
2.99
3.60
3.40
2.52
2.36
-0.34
0.81
0.81
1.53
0.56
0.86
0.33
0.44
0.00
0.00
0.83
1.11
0.28
0.76
0.00
1.34
-0.19
0.65
1.16
0.00
2.03
0.60
2.13
1.77
2.24
0.56
3.90
2.90
2.66
-0.27
3.50
2.56
4.22
2.20
2.45
5.12
1.57
1.52
2.86
1.35
0.00
3.76
0.51
0.52
0.48
1.21
0.12
1.54
0.74
1.31
0.17
0.20
0.65
1.10
0.69
1.18
0.74
0.35
0.37
0.83
0.42
0.10
0.59
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
Asian/
American
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Pacific Is.
Indian
Total
36,037
6,823
11,428
6,740
1,808
62,836
1.34
6.06
3.88
2.35
3.46
1.83
1,037
3,029
1,169
693
294
6,245
347
697
685
5,932
124
425
315
59
68
2,211
45
49
50
1,111
66
312
689
73
11
4,951
196
55
13
2,885
79
241
106
26
42
726
800
126
172
639
-1
327
106
41
4
643
-1
15
18
320
1,306
4,335
2,384
892
418
14,776
1,387
941
937
10,887
1.34
1.70
1.56
1.36
1.22
1.35
1.12
1.32
1.13
1.35
4.56
5.67
4.04
4.49
7.57
6.72
6.39
4.67
5.04
6.55
2.66
4.35
3.02
3.12
3.32
4.48
3.58
3.23
1.70
4.45
2.09
2.19
1.93
1.99
2.26
2.64
11.14
1.67
1.82
2.21
-0.05
5.18
2.22
4.68
5.42
3.44
-0.65
2.69
5.60
3.38
1.48
2.06
2.06
1.57
1.54
2.27
3.11
1.48
1.30
1.94
44,736
11,884
5,192
1,952
3,515
67,279
1.47
6.30
7.35
3.74
2.97
1.94
1,949
2,903
2,851
6,132
4,089
5,036
1,046
3,547
148
820
694
540
2,042
1,227
300
1,679
30
141
21
97
86
4,296
4
382
20
45
73
112
161
180
41
80
454
89
86
441
268
1,186
43
663
2,600
3,998
3,724
7,322
6,645
11,925
1,434
6,351
2.70
0.89
1.70
2.02
1.73
0.96
1.79
0.96
5.68
6.33
6.52
4.85
6.58
4.74
5.90
6.19
3.30
7.61
3.58
3.19
2.46
8.21
1.48
9.24
2.76
1.62
2.76
2.71
3.30
2.13
3.58
2.82
7.78
1.02
3.43
5.01
3.63
2.71
3.63
2.51
3.16
1.13
2.03
2.22
2.35
1.82
2.17
1.48
Pennsylvania
-29,505
12,911
58,986
203
5,636
48,230
-0.28
4.40
4.60
1.07
2.51
0.39
Allegheny County
Berks County
Blair County
Cambria County
Centre County
Cumberland County
Dauphin County
Erie County
Lackawanna County
Lancaster County
Lebanon County
Lehigh County
Luzerne County
Lycoming County
Mercer County
Northampton County
Philadelphia County
York County
Footnotes at end of table.
-13,167
730
451
594
1,486
-280
-1,104
819
-1,923
2,552
570
-2,439
-2,031
630
415
-1,285
-7,780
1,118
357
1,215
24
65
106
96
313
233
63
1,101
226
913
114
32
33
786
3,044
354
9,933
443
39
145
69
175
2,695
699
135
574
41
662
196
109
196
482
29,699
571
-5
21
0
1
8
3
3
11
4
21
-1
13
-1
5
4
8
-7
1
737
155
13
9
518
61
137
78
67
166
26
92
70
8
11
164
2,115
56
-2,144
2,565
526
814
2,187
55
2,044
1,840
-1,653
4,414
862
-760
-1,653
783
659
155
27,070
2,100
-1.25
0.23
0.35
0.40
1.19
-0.14
-0.57
0.32
-0.96
0.60
0.50
-0.92
-0.67
0.55
0.36
-0.55
-1.22
0.31
3.36
5.04
3.73
4.52
5.22
4.62
4.39
5.11
4.20
4.86
5.64
4.40
4.38
3.58
4.49
4.44
3.50
4.89
5.46
3.02
2.61
2.81
1.79
3.52
5.59
3.59
6.78
3.59
3.95
6.46
4.20
3.15
2.52
6.19
4.44
3.39
-0.29
3.93
0.00
0.93
3.75
0.88
0.55
1.93
2.39
2.94
-0.87
2.43
-0.37
1.79
2.53
2.95
-0.18
0.12
3.51
2.76
1.92
1.39
7.39
1.37
2.83
3.31
3.09
1.95
1.62
1.49
3.03
0.97
1.61
3.51
3.48
1.41
-0.17
0.70
0.40
0.52
1.58
0.03
0.81
0.65
-0.80
0.93
0.72
-0.25
-0.53
0.66
0.53
0.06
1.85
0.54
Oklahoma
Canadian County
Cleveland County
Comanche County
Garfield County
McClain County
Oklahoma County
Osage County
Pottawatomie County
Rogers County
Tulsa County
Oregon
Benton County
Clackamas County
Jackson County
Lane County
Marion County
Multnomah County
Polk County
Washington County
Appendix D-11
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Rhode Island
Kent County
Providence County
South Carolina
Aiken County
Anderson County
Berkeley County
Charleston County
Dorchester County
Florence County
Greenville County
Horry County
Richland County
Spartanburg County
Sumter County
York County
South Dakota
Lincoln County
Minnehaha County
Pennington County
Tennessee
Anderson County
Carter County
Davidson County
Hamilton County
Hawkins County
Knox County
Madison County
Montgomery County
Rutherford County
Shelby County
Sullivan County
Washington County
Texas
Archer County
Bell County
Bexar County
Bowie County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Total
-3,991
3,158
3,665
79
1,220
4,130
-0.47
5.03
6.35
1.51
4.15
0.41
-1,905
-3,076
92
2,787
88
3,388
-2
38
15
1,027
-1,713
4,165
-1.24
-0.68
2.95
5.16
5.92
6.70
-0.68
1.26
0.68
4.59
-1.06
0.71
34,464
2,352
41,702
187
800
79,504
1.30
6.04
3.48
2.09
2.40
2.02
1,220
1,413
1,842
2,916
1,068
944
3,677
1,932
2,216
2,389
853
1,619
81
35
220
309
77
33
208
98
324
126
75
70
1,312
841
1,408
4,941
796
1,630
1,997
1,139
5,396
1,587
1,493
950
6
4
7
9
3
5
15
9
16
5
9
31
15
9
34
123
8
7
68
39
177
60
34
25
2,633
2,303
3,510
8,299
1,952
2,618
5,965
3,217
8,130
4,167
2,463
2,694
1.21
1.05
1.92
1.49
1.65
1.25
1.29
1.32
1.33
1.24
1.48
1.31
6.35
4.20
6.82
7.13
5.76
6.19
4.58
5.15
5.84
6.12
5.88
6.02
3.77
2.91
3.98
4.13
3.64
3.18
2.92
3.46
3.99
2.90
3.07
2.83
2.28
2.26
1.60
1.28
0.58
2.74
2.73
2.33
1.96
1.33
4.23
3.48
1.83
1.70
0.90
3.20
0.74
1.48
2.13
2.09
3.15
2.40
2.72
2.17
1.91
1.40
2.53
2.56
2.18
2.04
1.65
1.76
2.59
1.65
2.26
1.68
1,310
412
201
6,098
223
8,245
0.19
5.21
3.56
9.14
3.83
1.05
-2
316
290
0
69
106
2
63
78
9
68
127
0
56
59
9
570
661
-0.01
0.21
0.37
0.00
5.05
4.08
4.36
4.02
3.50
6.76
2.33
1.70
0.00
3.52
3.62
0.04
0.37
0.71
59,688
3,116
37,005
262
1,726
101,797
1.28
5.81
3.83
1.93
2.98
1.77
866
599
5,305
2,618
597
4,525
705
1,694
2,649
5,433
1,664
1,380
36
12
490
177
8
234
20
228
81
481
38
43
100
7
6,246
2,683
25
1,616
903
758
580
17,604
76
113
3
3
41
8
3
26
0
18
8
24
9
7
20
5
450
79
2
256
16
63
109
388
14
32
1,025
627
12,532
5,565
635
6,657
1,644
2,761
3,426
23,930
1,801
1,574
1.26
1.11
1.35
1.12
1.17
1.34
1.19
1.67
1.64
1.18
1.10
1.35
5.48
4.01
7.03
6.27
3.11
6.63
4.44
4.02
4.15
5.45
4.37
4.90
2.96
1.31
4.35
4.15
2.51
4.22
2.96
2.87
3.16
4.14
2.42
2.66
0.85
3.22
2.68
1.14
2.53
2.40
0.00
2.80
1.79
1.25
1.90
3.27
2.04
2.20
3.76
1.92
1.72
4.20
3.53
1.61
2.61
2.99
1.70
4.41
1.38
1.13
2.25
1.82
1.21
1.72
1.81
2.00
1.84
2.63
1.15
1.46
160,799
321,694
105,876
3,446
16,271
608,086
1.41
5.39
4.00
3.48
2.82
2.93
124
2,538
6,349
750
30
1,569
42,743
69
0
1,554
4,322
634
0
36
275
3
0
240
662
7
154
5,937
54,350
1,462
1.51
1.80
1.31
1.20
9.98
4.46
5.48
4.34
0.00
3.29
4.24
3.09
0.00
2.67
4.28
0.71
0.00
2.25
2.57
1.66
1.80
2.52
3.88
1.71
Appendix D-12
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Texas, continued
Brazos County
Caldwell County
Cameron County
Chambers County
Collin County
Comal County
Dallas County
Denton County
Ector County
El Paso County
Fort Bend County
Galveston County
Grayson County
Gregg County
Guadalupe County
Harris County
Harrison County
Hays County
Hidalgo County
Jefferson County
Kaufman County
Lubbock County
McLennan County
Midland County
Montgomery County
Nueces County
Potter County
Randall County
Rockwall County
San Patricio County
Smith County
Tarrant County
Taylor County
Tom Green County
Travis County
Victoria County
Webb County
Footnotes at end of table.
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
2,423
185
454
250
5,950
559
15,574
6,200
964
2,028
2,346
2,173
1,247
1,238
609
22,398
517
1,324
348
1,598
636
2,491
2,154
1,103
3,882
1,552
968
1,277
470
410
1,675
14,645
1,455
950
7,522
566
132
1,164
785
10,439
178
2,668
807
30,218
1,928
1,354
27,629
3,943
1,572
235
261
1,418
60,865
100
1,576
22,994
452
279
2,666
1,390
965
1,539
9,969
917
335
204
2,036
667
13,610
751
1,069
13,863
1,395
5,738
516
137
39
132
960
21
22,092
824
195
1,314
2,905
1,396
235
747
173
31,782
586
64
85
2,257
300
590
1,128
315
501
630
373
33
44
70
1,252
8,666
275
158
4,757
177
17
18
7
17
2
87
4
551
69
25
167
20
21
24
8
9
456
4
21
51
19
11
22
29
12
33
63
41
11
2
19
25
248
19
16
192
8
20
549
13
28
1
153
9
3,240
422
20
297
-173
150
27
19
9
4,766
2
52
68
249
19
222
117
16
50
93
100
35
6
16
19
1,883
75
49
1,827
7
28
Total
4,671
1,127
10,978
564
9,818
1,400
71,675
9,443
2,558
31,434
9,041
5,311
1,768
2,272
2,218
120,267
1,208
3,037
23,546
4,576
1,245
5,991
4,817
2,412
6,005
12,307
2,400
1,691
725
2,551
3,638
39,053
2,576
2,243
28,160
2,152
5,936
Appendix D-13
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
2.66
1.22
0.96
1.29
1.49
1.00
1.35
1.80
1.33
1.36
1.33
1.39
1.35
1.43
1.25
1.41
1.28
2.26
0.57
1.16
1.19
1.73
1.55
1.38
1.51
1.36
1.38
1.40
1.30
1.34
1.38
1.52
1.60
1.46
1.71
1.28
1.54
4.99
5.24
3.66
9.06
6.30
3.60
7.15
5.20
2.95
5.14
4.80
3.67
5.92
5.16
4.81
6.94
6.49
4.81
4.73
3.18
5.05
4.19
4.37
3.13
5.56
5.30
3.73
3.62
6.63
4.95
5.42
6.54
3.57
3.36
7.24
4.16
3.07
2.95
3.45
2.67
3.66
4.17
2.68
4.76
3.47
2.85
4.93
3.56
2.85
2.80
3.03
3.20
4.62
3.05
1.67
4.74
2.65
2.80
2.91
3.12
2.90
3.37
4.24
3.24
2.15
2.74
3.14
3.08
4.54
3.15
3.16
4.95
2.77
4.03
4.50
7.06
2.48
2.71
3.57
1.29
3.89
2.83
2.92
4.37
1.88
2.01
1.94
1.30
2.30
3.79
1.99
4.76
3.73
2.89
3.82
2.53
3.57
2.20
2.52
4.13
2.81
1.84
1.22
4.96
3.54
3.13
3.12
2.92
4.95
2.44
4.48
7.99
7.53
2.04
0.45
0.75
2.06
3.62
2.61
1.78
2.74
-0.53
2.41
3.59
2.23
0.91
2.52
0.69
5.61
2.99
3.29
3.65
5.39
4.98
1.00
1.52
2.22
2.28
3.00
1.40
2.98
1.64
3.50
3.06
3.14
5.87
1.50
2.76
Total
3.36
3.28
3.27
2.24
2.01
1.75
3.35
2.23
2.01
4.32
2.42
2.08
1.66
1.93
2.60
3.58
1.96
3.15
4.26
1.86
1.77
2.57
2.29
1.95
1.98
3.81
2.14
1.63
1.76
3.41
2.06
2.74
2.08
2.16
3.70
2.54
3.01
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Texas, continued
Wichita County
Williamson County
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
1,384
3,149
459
2,224
431
458
28
36
53
78
2,355
5,944
1.39
1.67
3.40
4.92
2.88
3.13
2.44
3.37
1.75
1.52
1.78
2.34
27,343
5,941
1,878
2,598
1,866
39,626
1.38
4.51
7.83
6.62
2.93
1.76
1,699
6,463
8,749
1,242
491
2,752
667
704
390
1,045
18
384
56
310
162
53
137
867
414
88
2,774
11,437
10,010
2,470
0.76
0.84
2.57
0.75
4.23
4.19
4.61
4.28
8.95
8.39
2.36
7.96
3.12
3.12
4.94
2.87
2.10
2.36
5.00
2.12
1.12
1.28
2.73
1.28
6,317
331
121
62
229
7,059
1.04
5.96
3.63
3.25
3.75
1.13
1,213
76
59
14
131
1,492
0.84
4.27
3.86
3.21
4.54
0.98
70,901
17,180
56,457
542
4,915
149,995
1.38
6.84
3.83
2.84
1.81
2.10
1,005
201
615
272
362
1,137
673
1,725
1,661
50
596
741
843
366
5,921
2,979
0
34
10
46
191
13
423
322
13
91
123
32
14
1,100
1,079
26
313
630
186
2,559
564
3,436
4,307
671
2,214
4,927
725
1,326
3,325
32
1
1
2
1
7
5
23
25
0
10
10
5
6
57
835
5
99
-1
17
80
27
166
269
1
27
137
42
1
244
5,930
233
1,062
914
611
3,973
1,282
5,772
6,585
735
2,936
5,937
1,647
1,713
10,648
0.92
1.24
2.25
0.91
2.24
1.56
1.48
1.68
1.63
0.62
1.31
0.98
1.27
1.11
1.78
8.64
0.00
5.64
4.05
6.19
6.18
2.54
7.22
6.09
4.59
7.06
7.22
4.00
4.05
6.39
5.02
2.15
3.25
3.03
3.20
4.12
2.82
4.84
4.49
2.57
4.19
4.18
2.69
3.94
4.53
3.85
7.37
2.77
2.94
3.81
1.62
3.91
3.13
2.76
0.00
3.21
2.08
2.62
3.72
3.30
4.53
4.31
7.43
-0.26
4.81
2.24
3.75
2.56
3.19
0.30
2.28
5.49
3.98
0.23
0.83
3.21
1.32
2.73
1.78
2.65
2.79
1.91
3.09
3.10
2.11
2.91
2.99
1.73
2.53
2.34
Washington
64,320
20,793
15,896
5,845
8,327
115,181
1.30
6.13
7.61
5.16
2.27
1.93
Benton County
Clark County
Franklin County
King County
Kitsap County
Pierce County
Snohomish County
Spokane County
Thurston County
Whatcom County
Yakima County
Footnotes at end of table.
2,215
3,363
399
12,768
3,938
5,759
5,723
3,945
3,328
2,992
2,350
929
611
1,219
2,772
417
1,339
987
532
440
495
4,370
55
496
69
8,429
199
4,805
782
545
148
25
135
36
77
18
530
230
346
389
158
159
489
1,223
90
260
76
4,075
306
1,401
489
359
241
160
156
3,325
4,808
1,782
28,575
5,090
13,648
8,370
5,539
4,315
4,161
8,234
1.83
1.04
1.53
0.96
1.86
1.03
1.03
1.02
1.77
2.00
1.68
5.89
4.96
6.55
4.57
4.48
4.61
4.87
4.64
5.19
7.08
6.62
3.35
8.84
3.42
8.22
3.03
8.38
8.44
7.50
3.32
2.59
3.68
2.84
2.03
4.14
2.52
4.96
3.18
4.06
2.22
4.29
8.28
8.91
2.11
2.07
4.91
2.11
1.93
2.73
1.49
3.18
2.03
3.55
3.50
2.30
1.35
3.66
1.68
2.06
1.93
1.33
1.30
1.99
2.47
3.62
Utah
Davis County
Salt Lake County
Utah County
Weber County
Vermont
Chittenden County
Virginia
Arlington County
Bristol city
Charlottesville city
Danville city
Fredericksburg city
Hampton city
Lynchburg city
Newport News city
Norfolk city
Petersburg city
Portsmouth city
Richmond city
Roanoke city
Suffolk city
Virginia Beach city
Appendix D-14
Appendix D. Estimated Census 2000 Undercount by Center County by Demographic Group, continued
State, Center County
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount
American
Asian/
White
Black
Nonhispanic
Hispanic
Indian
Pacific Is.
Total
Estimated Census 2000 Undercount Rate1
Asian/
American
White
Black
Nonhispanic Hispanic
Pacific Is.
Indian
Total
22,746
652
1,658
58
300
25,414
1.28
5.58
2.77
2.25
2.57
1.36
281
1,204
334
2,210
349
507
954
5
23
6
52
11
11
15
7
99
19
402
2
2
20
1
2
0
7
2
2
2
3
27
0
28
2
3
7
296
1,355
360
2,699
367
525
999
1.08
1.33
1.01
1.17
0.99
1.19
1.10
4.43
4.00
2.39
4.49
3.76
6.51
4.64
2.78
2.45
2.06
2.83
1.34
4.89
2.36
3.26
1.70
0.00
2.35
5.66
2.59
1.46
3.35
3.40
0.00
1.43
1.34
4.12
1.32
1.12
1.41
1.04
1.31
1.02
1.22
1.12
10,139
4,756
15,166
2,487
5,042
37,590
0.21
3.80
4.44
4.92
4.79
0.70
421
26
31
1,883
39
310
218
334
58
3,397
237
155
281
137
97
630
383
88
5
14
521
10
24
385
20
24
1,364
76
498
112
121
46
127
67
33
2
2
722
3
12
346
26
12
12,358
21
961
352
18
6
52
31
220
2
3
9
9
7
4
7
6
150
227
8
1
7
5
6
9
331
-5
20
1,181
20
295
27
347
296
1,126
239
33
60
239
13
25
175
1,093
31
69
4,316
81
650
980
734
395
18,395
800
1,655
806
522
166
840
665
0.20
0.07
0.06
0.47
0.09
0.36
0.17
0.34
0.05
0.57
0.16
0.10
0.20
0.13
0.08
0.18
0.26
4.44
1.96
5.38
5.64
3.42
4.04
4.23
2.73
3.91
2.72
5.02
3.88
4.23
4.88
3.77
1.40
3.90
2.14
3.31
3.10
3.85
1.14
3.25
3.78
3.75
5.29
4.80
5.07
3.49
3.21
2.08
2.34
2.55
2.23
4.28
1.15
1.76
0.54
0.92
1.33
0.64
1.84
1.04
1.95
8.10
1.13
0.16
1.34
1.73
0.59
0.99
6.00
-1.12
3.52
6.45
4.00
6.99
1.87
6.52
5.93
4.44
5.69
1.62
2.97
5.65
1.57
0.42
4.98
0.49
0.08
0.13
0.97
0.19
0.71
0.66
0.70
0.31
1.97
0.50
0.86
0.52
0.46
0.14
0.23
0.44
8,599
1,372
179
1,214
150
11,515
1.80
4.14
3.18
8.67
2.78
2.15
Laramie County
1,310
Natrona County
1,088
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
320
87
109
25
21
12
44
7
1,804
1,220
1.79
1.67
3.28
3.17
3.26
3.41
2.38
2.05
2.54
1.23
2.03
1.75
West Virginia
Brooke County
Cabell County
Hancock County
Kanawha County
Marshall County
Wayne County
Wood County
Wisconsin
Brown County
Calumet County
Chippewa County
Dane County
Douglas County
Eau Claire County
Kenosha County
La Crosse County
Marathon County
Milwaukee County
Outagamie County
Racine County
Rock County
Sheboygan County
Washington County
Waukesha County
Winnebago County
Wyoming
1
Undercount as a percent of adjusted population projections.
Appendix D-15
Appendix E: Federal Program Descriptions
Federal Program Descriptions
The federal programs analyzed in the report are summarized below. Additional
information, such as the formulas used to allocate funds to states, is available from
the General Accounting Office report.1 The total effect on the eight federal programs
analyzed appears in Table F-1 in Appendix F.
1. Adoption Assistance
The Adoption Assistance program supports the adoption of children with special
needs. Specifically, the program provides maintenance payments to the families
adopting the qualifying children, payments to state agencies for the administrative
costs involved with placing the children in adoptive homes, and payments for training
professional staff and parents involved in the adoptions. States determine which
children qualify for the assistance; in general, children with special circumstances that
make their adoption less likely, such as a mental or physical handicap, are eligible for
the program.
The federal government provides a specified percentage of the payments made to the
qualifying families, and states provide the remainder. Administrative and training
expenses are matched at the same rate in all states (50 percent and 75 percent,
respectively). The federal government reimburses maintenance payments based on a
state-specific percentage that depends on each state’s per capita income. This
percentage, the Federal medical assistance percentage (FMAP), ranges from 50
percent to 83 percent and also determines reimbursement rates under the Medicaid
program.
To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount on the Adoption Assistance funding
received by each state, the FMAP for each state was calculated using adjusted and
unadjusted per capita income, which relied on adjusted and unadjusted population
counts. Adjusted and unadjusted funding levels by state were produced by
calculating the product of the FMAP (adjusted or unadjusted) and the maintenance
payments.2 Table F-2 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census
2000 undercount on this program.
1
General Accounting Office, Formula Grants: Effects of Adjusted Population Counts on Federal
Funding to States, GAO/HEHS-99-69, February 1999. The formula used to allocate the Vocational
Education differs slightly from that presented in the GAO report. See the listing for the program in the
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA# 84.048).
2
Administrative and training expenses would not be affected by the undercount since those expenses
are matched at rates that do not depend on population counts.
Appendix E-1
2. Child Care and Development Fund Discretionary Funds
(formerly the Child Care and Development Block Grant)
This program provides funding to assist low-income families with child care and to
improve the availability and quality of child care. States establish programs with the
funds subject to certain Federal restrictions. For instance, to qualify for services
under the program, children must be from families that earn less than 85 percent of
the state median income.
The program allocates funding amounts to states based on a formula that includes the
state population under 5 years old, the number of children qualifying for the School
Lunch program, and the state per capita income. To calculate the effect of the 2000
undercount on the funding received by each state, adjusted and unadjusted population
(under 5 and overall) figures were used in the formula to calculate adjusted and
unadjusted state shares. Multiplying these shares by the total funding level for the
program yielded the adjusted and unadjusted state funding levels. Table F-3 in
Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on this
program.
3. Foster Care
The Foster Care program supports families and facilities that provide homes to needy
foster children. The program provides funding for maintenance payments to the
homes hosting the children, payments to the state agencies for administrative costs,
and payments to state and local agencies for training expenses. Any foster child that
would have qualified for the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
program, as in effect in 1995, qualifies for Foster Care payments, which are made to
the foster care family home, private child care facility, or public child care institution
(with more than 25 people). The maintenance payments are intended to cover the
costs associated with raising a child, such as expenses for food, shelter, and
supervision.
Similar to the Adoption Assistance program, administrative and training expenses are
matched at the same rate in all states (50 percent and 75 percent, respectively). The
federal government reimburses maintenance payments based on the FMAP.
To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount on the Foster Care funding received by
each state, the FMAP for each state was calculated using adjusted and unadjusted per
capita income, which relied on adjusted and unadjusted population counts. Adjusted
and unadjusted funding levels by state were produced by calculating the product of
the FMAP (adjusted or unadjusted) and the maintenance payments. Table F-4 in
Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on this
program.
Appendix E-2
4. Medicaid
The Medicaid program provides medical assistance to certain low-income
individuals. States design and administer their own programs, subject to Federal
regulations, and receive reimbursements from the Federal government for their
expenses. In general, low-income children and pregnant women, adults in families
with dependent children, low-income persons with disabilities, and low-income
elderly persons qualify for the program. The program covers expenses for medical
assistance such as inpatient and outpatient hospital care, laboratory and x-ray
services, and physician services.
Administrative expenses, amounts for family planning, and amounts paid to Indian
Health Services facilities are matched at the same rate in all states (50 percent, 90
percent, and 75 percent, respectively). Medical assistance payments (i.e., payments
for care) are matched based on the FMAP.
To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount on the Foster Care funding received by
each state, the FMAP for each state was calculated using adjusted and unadjusted per
capita income, which relied on adjusted and unadjusted population counts. Adjusted
and unadjusted funding levels by state were produced by calculating the product of
the FMAP (adjusted or unadjusted) and the medical assistance payments. Table F-5
in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on
this program.
5. Rehabilitation Services, Basic Grants
This program provides vocational rehabilitation to disabled individuals and their
families. Specifically, individuals with physical or mental impairments receive
services such as reader services for the blind, interpreter services for the deaf,
prosthetic devices, job placement, and transportation to vocational rehabilitation
facilities. States administer independent programs, subject to Federal guidelines, and
receive grants annually from the Federal government.
The program allocates funding to states based on a formula that considers the amount
received by the state in 1978, state population, and per capita income. To calculate
the effect of the 2000 undercount, state shares were calculated using adjusted and
unadjusted state and national population figures. Adjusted and unadjusted state
funding levels were calculated by multiplying the state shares (adjusted and
unadjusted) by the total funding for the program. States are guaranteed to receive at
least one-third of one percent of the total appropriation; state funding levels (adjusted
and unadjusted) were adjusted to conform to this restriction. Table F-6 in Appendix
F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000 undercount on this program.
Appendix E-3
6. Social Services Block Grant
This program provides grants to states for providing social services. States determine
the use of the funds at their own discretion but must use the funds towards one of five
goals: (1) to prevent, reduce, or eliminate dependency; (2) to achieve or maintain
self-sufficiency; (3) to prevent neglect, abuse, or exploitation of children and adults;
(4) to prevent or reduce inappropriate institutional care; and (5) to secure admission
or referral for institutional care when other forms of care are inappropriate.3 In the
past, states have used the funds for child day care, protective and emergency services
for children and adults, adoption, foster care, and counseling.
States receive allotments under the program based on a formula that relies on the
state’s share of the national population. To calculate the effect of the 2000
undercount, state shares were calculated using adjusted and unadjusted state and
national population figures. Adjusted and unadjusted state funding levels were
calculated by multiplying the state shares (adjusted and unadjusted) by the total
funding for the program. Table F-7 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect
of the Census 2000 undercount on this program.
7. Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant
This program provides grants to states for the prevention and treatment of drug and
alcohol abuse. Subject to certain federal restrictions, states design and implement
programs to reduce drug and alcohol abuse and provide rehabilitation to individuals
with drug and alcohol problems.
States receive allocations under the program based on a formula that depends on the
population aged 18 to 24, population aged 25 to 64, urban population aged 18 to 24,
per capita income, and a cost index. The cost index, which is recalculated every three
years, consists of a wage component and a measure of average rental prices for
housing.
To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount, state shares were calculated using
adjusted and unadjusted state and national population figures (the cost index and
urban share of population were assumed to remain constant). Adjusted and
unadjusted state funding levels were calculated by multiplying the state shares
(adjusted and unadjusted) by the total funding for the program. After the calculation
of these funding levels, additional adjustments were made to guarantee that each state
received a minimum share of the increase in the national funding level and a
minimum share of the national funding level, as is standard practice under current
3
As described in the Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA), General Services
Administration.
Appendix E-4
law.4 Table F-8 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of the Census 2000
undercount on this program.
8. Vocational Education
This program provides grants to states for vocational education programs for youths
and adults. State programs offer courses to prepare individuals for employment in
occupations not requiring a baccalaureate or an advanced degree. States use the funds
provided by this program for a variety of activities, including purchasing
occupationally-relevant equipment and curriculum materials, providing career
counseling and guidance, hiring staff, and offering remedial classes.
The formula used to allot the funding amount to states depends on the population
aged 15 to 19, population aged 20 to 24, population aged 25 to 65, and per capita
income. To calculate the effect of the 2000 undercount, state shares were calculated
using adjusted and unadjusted state and national population figures. Adjusted and
unadjusted state funding levels were calculated by multiplying the state shares
(adjusted and unadjusted) by the total funding for the program. Current law contains
a “hold-harmless” provision to guarantee that the amount a state receives in the
current year always exceeds the amount received in the prior year (assuming the
national funding level rises). State funding levels were adjusted to ensure that this
provision was satisfied. Table F-9 in Appendix F summarizes the estimated effect of
the Census 2000 undercount on this program.
4
Specifically, the guaranteed increases used for 1999 funding levels have been used for future years.
The actual rules governing minimum increases and shares of the national total have varied by year; we
have assumed the 1999 rules continue to apply since newer rules are unavailable.
Appendix E-5
Appendix F: Estimated Funding Effect by State by Program
Table F-1. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State on Eight Federal Programs,
FY 2002-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
-32
-36
-929
6
-12,268
-352
356
-35
-192
-1,631
-1,130
-42
-78
2,286
2,118
1,086
858
159
-528
374
-680
1,586
3,104
1,589
-273
1,749
-164
518
-339
287
1,588
-595
141
-376
170
3,273
-79
-148
4,333
364
-288
164
-61
-7,016
261
111
-670
-228
181
1,553
-50
-138
-1,512
-14,446
268
-350,915
-504
588
-36
-195
-35,467
-19,016
-1,408
-2,028
3,042
37,020
19,835
12,822
3,669
-12,765
10,598
-814
2,063
77,268
46,373
-4,347
46,546
-1,776
11,926
-1,664
292
2,247
-11,131
-161
-9,111
2,804
86,329
-983
-3,924
160,794
17,179
-5,705
2,236
-1,103
-133,796
119
3,094
-12,343
-8,678
3,844
34,039
-858
-153
-1,631
-15,518
286
-377,762
-513
596
-36
-198
-38,164
-20,445
-1,516
-2,181
3,097
39,799
21,342
13,776
3,942
-13,740
11,415
-828
2,100
83,255
49,918
-4,674
50,089
-1,906
12,832
-1,767
297
2,287
-11,965
-164
-9,810
3,015
92,904
-1,059
-4,224
173,147
18,519
-6,139
2,403
-1,192
-143,828
114
3,333
-13,272
-9,345
4,132
36,630
-923
-170
-1,765
-16,726
305
-407,988
-523
605
-37
-201
-41,207
-22,057
-1,638
-2,354
3,154
42,929
23,039
14,852
4,249
-14,841
12,336
-843
2,138
89,992
53,916
-5,044
54,087
-2,053
13,854
-1,881
302
2,327
-12,906
-167
-10,600
3,253
100,318
-1,145
-4,562
187,072
20,032
-6,628
2,591
-1,293
-155,143
108
3,603
-14,321
-10,099
4,456
39,549
-996
-189
-1,913
-18,059
326
-441,361
-532
614
-37
-204
-44,568
-23,837
-1,773
-2,545
3,212
46,387
24,915
16,039
4,589
-16,056
13,352
-858
2,176
97,444
58,330
-5,451
58,501
-2,215
14,983
-2,006
307
2,369
-13,945
-170
-11,472
3,515
108,504
-1,240
-4,936
202,444
21,704
-7,168
2,799
-1,405
-167,634
101
3,901
-15,479
-10,931
4,815
42,774
-1,076
-210
-2,071
-19,477
349
-476,885
-542
623
-38
-207
-48,145
-25,731
-1,917
-2,747
3,272
50,066
26,910
17,303
4,950
-17,350
14,435
-874
2,216
105,373
63,028
-5,885
63,199
-2,388
16,185
-2,140
313
2,411
-15,050
-173
-12,401
3,795
117,217
-1,342
-5,333
218,809
23,484
-7,743
3,020
-1,525
-180,927
93
4,218
-16,711
-11,817
5,196
46,206
-1,162
-2,254
-21,953
-205,773
3,663
-5,047,786
-5,409
6,247
-379
-2,058
-509,280
-271,962
-20,287
-29,053
32,636
529,252
284,721
182,786
52,303
-183,560
152,821
-8,700
22,098
1,116,520
666,954
-62,190
668,527
-25,194
171,196
-22,365
3,105
24,082
-159,075
-1,785
-131,225
40,114
1,240,121
-14,198
-56,449
2,316,212
248,793
-81,885
31,901
-16,173
-1,912,193
800
44,672
-176,651
-125,096
54,911
488,887
-12,276
-49,829
586,149
-635,978
-53,728
630,413
-684,141
-58,119
680,285
-738,404
-62,960
735,355
-798,315
-68,117
793,961
-862,078
-721,888
8,396,305
-9,118,193
Total, United States
0
Funding Gains
28,710
Funding Losses
-28,710
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Appendix F-1
2002-2012
Table F-2. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Adoption Assistance,
FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
-*
-27
-141
1
-3,847
0
0
0
0
-256
-114
-10
-7
0
386
354
107
10
-54
91
0
0
1,977
266
-5
192
-9
85
-4
0
0
-85
0
-38
13
558
-8
-49
842
138
-16
11
-2
-684
-1
37
-56
-50
4
424
-1
-*
-31
-162
1
-4,439
0
0
0
0
-296
-131
-12
-8
0
445
408
124
11
-62
105
0
0
2,281
307
-6
222
-10
99
-5
0
0
-98
0
-44
15
644
-9
-57
971
159
-18
12
-3
-789
-1
43
-65
-57
5
490
-1
-*
-36
-185
1
-5,072
0
0
0
0
-338
-150
-14
-9
0
509
466
141
13
-71
120
0
0
2,606
351
-7
254
-11
113
-6
0
0
-112
0
-50
17
736
-10
-65
1,110
182
-21
14
-3
-902
-1
49
-74
-66
6
560
-2
-*
-41
-212
1
-5,807
0
0
0
0
-387
-171
-16
-11
0
583
534
162
15
-81
137
0
0
2,984
401
-8
291
-13
129
-6
0
0
-129
0
-57
20
843
-12
-74
1,270
208
-24
16
-4
-1,033
-2
57
-85
-75
7
641
-2
-*
-46
-240
1
-6,582
0
0
0
0
-438
-194
-18
-12
0
660
605
184
17
-92
155
0
0
3,382
455
-9
329
-15
146
-7
0
0
-146
0
-65
22
956
-13
-84
1,440
236
-27
19
-4
-1,170
-2
64
-96
-85
7
726
-2
2003-2007
2003-2012
-1
-180
-941
6
-25,748
0
0
0
0
-1,715
-760
-69
-48
0
2,583
2,367
718
65
-359
607
0
0
13,230
1,780
-36
1,288
-58
572
-29
0
0
-571
0
-255
87
3,738
-51
-328
5,633
922
-106
72
-17
-4,578
-7
251
-375
-333
29
2,841
-8
-3
-522
-2,723
17
-74,530
0
0
0
0
-4,965
-2,199
-201
-139
0
7,476
6,852
2,079
188
-1,040
1,757
0
0
38,295
5,151
-103
3,729
-167
1,656
-83
0
0
-1,652
0
-737
251
10,819
-148
-949
16,305
2,669
-306
210
-48
-13,253
-20
726
-1,086
-963
85
8,222
-22
Total, United States
32
37
43
49
56
217
Funding Gains
5,497
6,342
7,247
8,297
9,405
36,788
Funding Losses
-5,464
-6,305
-7,204
-8,248
-9,349
-36,570
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
629
106,488
-105,858
Appendix F-2
Table F-3. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Child Care and Development Block
Grant, FY 2002-2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
-41
4
-224
-18
-2,305
-37
80
-10
-17
-515
-323
-2
-4
563
495
260
197
-*
-88
87
-148
328
601
356
-56
415
-14
135
-58
63
184
-32
230
-132
23
717
-27
-14
813
78
-59
45
-51
-1,760
69
28
-164
-16
12
339
-8
-42
4
-229
-18
-2,355
-38
82
-10
-17
-527
-330
-2
-4
576
506
266
201
-*
-90
89
-152
336
614
364
-57
424
-14
137
-59
64
188
-32
235
-135
24
732
-28
-14
830
80
-61
46
-52
-1,798
71
29
-167
-16
13
346
-8
-43
4
-234
-18
-2,402
-39
84
-10
-18
-537
-337
-2
-4
587
516
271
205
-*
-92
91
-155
342
626
372
-58
433
-14
140
-60
66
192
-33
239
-138
24
747
-28
-15
847
81
-62
47
-53
-1,834
72
30
-171
-17
13
353
-8
-44
4
-239
-19
-2,453
-40
86
-10
-18
-548
-344
-2
-5
600
527
277
209
-*
-94
93
-158
350
639
379
-59
442
-15
143
-61
67
196
-34
244
-141
25
763
-29
-15
865
83
-63
48
-55
-1,873
74
30
-174
-17
13
361
-8
-45
4
-244
-19
-2,504
-40
87
-10
-19
-560
-351
-2
-5
612
538
283
214
-*
-96
95
-161
357
653
387
-61
451
-15
146
-63
68
200
-35
250
-143
25
779
-30
-15
883
85
-64
49
-56
-1,912
75
31
-178
-17
13
368
-8
2002-2006
2002-2011
-215
19
-1,171
-92
-12,018
-194
419
-50
-89
-2,688
-1,684
-9
-22
2,938
2,583
1,356
1,026
-2
-461
456
-774
1,713
3,133
1,859
-291
2,165
-72
702
-300
329
961
-166
1,198
-689
120
3,738
-142
-73
4,238
406
-309
234
-267
-9,178
362
148
-854
-84
65
1,767
-40
-454
39
-2,469
-194
-25,350
-409
884
-105
-187
-5,669
-3,552
-19
-47
6,197
5,448
2,861
2,163
-5
-973
961
-1,632
3,613
6,607
3,921
-613
4,567
-151
1,480
-633
693
2,027
-349
2,526
-1,453
254
7,885
-300
-154
8,939
856
-652
493
-564
-19,359
764
313
-1,801
-177
136
3,728
-84
Total, United States
0
0
0
0
0
0
Funding Gains
6,123
6,256
6,383
6,517
6,653
31,932
Funding Losses
-6,123
-6,256
-6,383
-6,517
-6,653
-31,932
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
0
67,354
-67,354
Appendix F-3
Table F-4. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Foster Care,
FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
-*
-32
-367
2
-18,182
0
0
0
0
-421
-185
-17
-9
0
572
277
112
62
-186
411
0
0
1,940
1,351
-28
786
-33
180
-21
0
0
-54
0
-140
40
2,237
-14
-67
7,024
205
-35
16
-10
-1,418
-2
82
-98
-64
64
618
-18
-*
-35
-395
2
-19,534
0
0
0
0
-452
-199
-18
-9
0
614
298
121
67
-200
442
0
0
2,085
1,451
-30
844
-36
193
-23
0
0
-58
0
-150
43
2,404
-15
-72
7,547
220
-38
17
-10
-1,524
-2
88
-105
-69
68
664
-20
-1
-37
-424
2
-21,000
0
0
0
0
-486
-213
-19
-10
0
660
320
130
72
-214
475
0
0
2,241
1,560
-32
907
-38
208
-25
0
0
-63
0
-162
47
2,584
-17
-77
8,113
237
-41
18
-11
-1,638
-2
95
-113
-74
73
713
-21
-1
-40
-456
3
-22,584
0
0
0
0
-523
-230
-21
-11
0
710
345
140
77
-231
511
0
0
2,410
1,678
-34
976
-41
223
-26
0
0
-68
0
-174
50
2,779
-18
-83
8,725
255
-44
19
-12
-1,762
-3
102
-122
-80
79
767
-23
-1
-43
-490
3
-24,282
0
0
0
0
-562
-247
-22
-12
0
763
370
150
83
-248
549
0
0
2,591
1,804
-37
1,049
-44
240
-28
0
0
-73
0
-187
54
2,988
-19
-90
9,381
274
-47
21
-13
-1,894
-3
110
-131
-86
85
825
-24
2003-2007
2003-2012
-3
-187
-2,132
12
-105,582
0
0
0
0
-2,443
-1,073
-96
-51
0
3,319
1,611
653
360
-1,078
2,387
0
0
11,268
7,844
-160
4,562
-192
1,045
-124
0
0
-316
0
-813
235
12,992
-84
-389
40,790
1,191
-205
90
-56
-8,237
-12
477
-570
-372
369
3,587
-106
-7
-455
-5,197
29
-257,329
0
0
0
0
-5,955
-2,616
-235
-124
0
8,090
3,926
1,592
878
-2,628
5,818
0
0
27,463
19,119
-391
11,119
-469
2,546
-302
0
0
-771
0
-1,981
572
31,664
-204
-949
99,415
2,902
-500
219
-135
-20,075
-29
1,162
-1,389
-907
900
8,741
-258
Total, United States
-5,423
-5,826
-6,263
-6,736
-7,242
-31,490
Funding Gains
15,979
17,167
18,456
19,848
21,340
92,791
Funding Losses
-21,402
-22,993
-24,719
-26,584
-28,583
-124,281
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
-76,749
226,154
-302,903
Appendix F-4
Table F-5. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Medicaid,
FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
-211
-1,417
-12,707
199
-312,177
0
0
0
0
-32,923
-17,457
-1,323
-1,895
0
33,338
17,860
11,547
3,321
-11,978
9,716
0
0
69,361
42,736
-4,059
43,333
-1,568
11,017
-1,155
0
0
-10,184
0
-8,602
2,577
79,263
-935
-3,601
147,197
16,466
-5,376
2,043
-1,136
-122,521
-124
2,861
-11,424
-8,244
3,528
31,006
-788
-228
-1,529
-13,708
214
-336,772
0
0
0
0
-35,517
-18,833
-1,427
-2,044
0
35,965
19,267
12,456
3,582
-12,922
10,481
0
0
74,826
46,103
-4,379
46,747
-1,691
11,885
-1,246
0
0
-10,987
0
-9,279
2,780
85,507
-1,009
-3,885
158,793
17,763
-5,800
2,204
-1,225
-132,174
-133
3,087
-12,324
-8,893
3,806
33,449
-850
-247
-1,655
-14,840
232
-364,583
0
0
0
0
-38,450
-20,388
-1,545
-2,213
0
38,935
20,858
13,485
3,878
-13,989
11,347
0
0
81,005
49,911
-4,741
50,608
-1,831
12,866
-1,349
0
0
-11,894
0
-10,046
3,009
92,569
-1,092
-4,206
171,907
19,230
-6,279
2,386
-1,327
-143,089
-144
3,341
-13,342
-9,628
4,120
36,212
-921
-268
-1,795
-16,091
252
-395,315
0
0
0
0
-41,691
-22,107
-1,675
-2,399
0
42,217
22,616
14,622
4,205
-15,168
12,303
0
0
87,833
54,118
-5,140
54,874
-1,985
13,951
-1,463
0
0
-12,896
0
-10,892
3,263
100,371
-1,184
-4,560
186,398
20,851
-6,808
2,587
-1,438
-155,151
-156
3,623
-14,467
-10,439
4,467
39,264
-998
-290
-1,943
-17,423
273
-428,037
0
0
0
0
-45,142
-23,936
-1,814
-2,598
0
45,711
24,488
15,832
4,553
-16,424
13,322
0
0
95,103
58,597
-5,566
59,416
-2,149
15,106
-1,584
0
0
-13,964
0
-11,794
3,533
108,680
-1,282
-4,938
201,826
22,577
-7,371
2,802
-1,557
-167,993
-169
3,923
-15,664
-11,303
4,837
42,514
-1,081
2003-2007
2003-2012
-1,244
-8,339
-74,769
1,170
-1,836,884
0
0
0
0
-193,724
-102,721
-7,784
-11,148
0
196,167
105,089
67,941
19,539
-70,481
57,170
0
0
408,128
251,465
-23,884
254,977
-9,224
64,825
-6,799
0
0
-59,925
0
-50,613
15,163
466,389
-5,503
-21,190
866,121
96,887
-31,633
12,023
-6,683
-720,928
-727
16,835
-67,221
-48,508
20,757
182,445
-4,639
-3,073
-20,594
-184,655
2,889
-4,536,496
0
0
0
0
-478,435
-253,688
-19,225
-27,533
0
484,467
259,534
167,793
48,255
-174,065
141,190
0
0
1,007,942
621,036
-58,986
629,710
-22,781
160,095
-16,791
0
0
-147,994
0
-124,997
37,446
1,151,828
-13,590
-52,332
2,139,033
239,279
-78,124
29,693
-16,506
-1,780,453
-1,795
41,578
-166,014
-119,798
51,264
450,580
-11,456
Total, United States
-44,438
-47,939
-51,898
-56,273
-60,931
-261,480
Funding Gains
527,369
568,917
615,899
667,815
723,093
3,103,092
Funding Losses
-571,807
-616,856
-667,797
-724,088
-784,024
-3,364,572
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
-645,768
7,663,613
-8,309,382
Appendix F-5
Table F-6. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Rehabilitation Services, FY 20022011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
11
-27
-561
20
-6,345
-219
91
-16
-112
-942
-571
-28
-95
1,215
1,166
594
410
119
-314
207
-368
865
1,542
873
-155
957
-86
275
-203
158
958
-407
-54
-169
107
1,831
-35
-94
2,500
203
-162
86
-3
-3,745
1
60
-354
-146
125
870
-30
11
-28
-573
20
-6,490
-224
93
-16
-115
-964
-584
-29
-98
1,243
1,193
608
419
122
-322
212
-377
885
1,577
893
-159
979
-88
281
-208
161
980
-417
-55
-173
109
1,872
-36
-96
2,557
208
-165
88
-3
-3,831
1
61
-362
-150
127
890
-31
11
-29
-587
21
-6,641
-230
95
-17
-117
-986
-597
-29
-100
1,271
1,220
622
429
125
-329
217
-386
905
1,614
914
-163
1,002
-90
288
-212
165
1,003
-426
-56
-177
112
1,916
-36
-98
2,617
213
-169
91
-3
-3,920
1
62
-371
-153
130
910
-31
12
-29
-600
21
-6,793
-235
97
-17
-120
-1,009
-611
-30
-102
1,301
1,249
636
439
127
-337
222
-394
926
1,651
935
-166
1,025
-92
295
-217
169
1,026
-436
-58
-181
115
1,960
-37
-100
2,677
218
-173
93
-3
-4,010
1
64
-379
-157
133
931
-32
12
-30
-614
22
-6,950
-240
99
-18
-123
-1,032
-625
-31
-105
1,330
1,277
651
449
130
-344
227
-403
947
1,689
956
-170
1,048
-94
301
-222
173
1,050
-446
-59
-185
117
2,005
-38
-103
2,738
223
-177
95
-3
-4,102
1
65
-388
-160
136
953
-33
2002-2006
2002-2011
57
-143
-2,935
104
-33,219
-1,148
475
-84
-587
-4,934
-2,988
-146
-500
6,360
6,105
3,110
2,147
623
-1,646
1,085
-1,929
4,528
8,072
4,571
-813
5,012
-451
1,440
-1,062
825
5,017
-2,132
-281
-886
560
9,584
-182
-491
13,089
1,065
-847
453
-16
-19,608
6
312
-1,855
-766
652
4,554
-157
120
-304
-6,223
220
-70,440
-2,434
1,007
-179
-1,245
-10,462
-6,337
-311
-1,059
13,486
12,946
6,595
4,552
1,321
-3,490
2,301
-4,090
9,602
17,117
9,692
-1,725
10,627
-955
3,054
-2,253
1,749
10,639
-4,520
-597
-1,878
1,187
20,322
-386
-1,041
27,755
2,257
-1,796
960
-33
-41,579
12
663
-3,933
-1,623
1,383
9,657
-334
Total, United States
0
0
0
0
0
0
Funding Gains
15,244
15,592
15,954
16,320
16,696
79,806
Funding Losses
-15,244
-15,592
-15,954
-16,320
-16,696
-79,806
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
0
169,225
-169,225
Appendix F-6
Table F-7. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Social Services Block Grant,
FY 2002-2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
-1
-12
-224
4
-2,656
-95
185
-7
-63
-396
-236
-13
-38
508
457
232
162
41
-125
79
-163
392
619
360
-62
376
-34
108
-86
66
446
-156
-35
-75
40
725
-17
-41
1,020
83
-67
33
-7
-1,510
-2
23
-152
-66
44
344
-12
-1
-12
-224
4
-2,656
-95
185
-7
-63
-396
-236
-13
-38
508
457
232
162
41
-125
79
-163
392
619
360
-62
376
-34
108
-86
66
446
-156
-35
-75
40
725
-17
-41
1,020
83
-67
33
-7
-1,510
-2
23
-152
-66
44
344
-12
-1
-12
-224
4
-2,656
-95
185
-7
-63
-396
-236
-13
-38
508
457
232
162
41
-125
79
-163
392
619
360
-62
376
-34
108
-86
66
446
-156
-35
-75
40
725
-17
-41
1,020
83
-67
33
-7
-1,510
-2
23
-152
-66
44
344
-12
-1
-12
-224
4
-2,656
-95
185
-7
-63
-396
-236
-13
-38
508
457
232
162
41
-125
79
-163
392
619
360
-62
376
-34
108
-86
66
446
-156
-35
-75
40
725
-17
-41
1,020
83
-67
33
-7
-1,510
-2
23
-152
-66
44
344
-12
-1
-12
-224
4
-2,656
-95
185
-7
-63
-396
-236
-13
-38
508
457
232
162
41
-125
79
-163
392
619
360
-62
376
-34
108
-86
66
446
-156
-35
-75
40
725
-17
-41
1,020
83
-67
33
-7
-1,510
-2
23
-152
-66
44
344
-12
-5
-58
-1,118
21
-13,279
-477
924
-37
-313
-1,979
-1,179
-63
-190
2,541
2,285
1,161
809
204
-627
397
-814
1,962
3,094
1,800
-309
1,881
-168
542
-430
332
2,229
-778
-175
-374
201
3,627
-87
-204
5,101
414
-333
163
-35
-7,551
-11
115
-762
-328
222
1,722
-61
Total, United States
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Funding Gains
6,349
6,349
6,349
6,349
6,349
31,746
Funding Losses
-6,349
-6,349
-6,349
-6,349
-6,349
-31,746
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
63,491
-63,491
Appendix F-7
2002-2006
2002-2011
-11
-117
-2,236
42
-26,558
-954
1,848
-75
-626
-3,958
-2,358
-125
-379
5,082
4,569
2,323
1,617
408
-1,255
794
-1,628
3,923
6,189
3,599
-617
3,762
-337
1,083
-859
664
4,458
-1,557
-350
-747
403
7,253
-174
-407
10,201
829
-665
325
-70
-15,103
-22
230
-1,524
-656
443
3,444
-123
Table F-8. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Substance Abuse Prevention and
Treatment Block Grant, FY 2003-2012 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
107
0
-286
60
-4,225
-147
228
0
0
-208
-110
-16
-39
715
568
239
183
114
-10
0
-123
451
831
403
22
456
0
117
-139
0
632
-203
-306
52
0
941
55
-56
1,323
0
14
0
108
-2,033
-21
0
-82
-88
64
410
0
109
0
-292
61
-4,316
-150
233
0
0
-212
-113
-16
-40
731
581
244
187
117
-10
0
-125
460
848
412
23
465
0
119
-142
0
646
-207
-312
53
0
961
56
-57
1,352
0
14
0
110
-2,077
-22
0
-84
-90
65
419
0
111
0
-298
62
-4,407
-153
238
0
0
-217
-115
-16
-41
746
593
249
190
119
-10
0
-128
470
866
420
23
475
0
122
-145
0
659
-211
-319
54
0
981
57
-58
1,380
0
15
0
112
-2,120
-22
0
-86
-92
66
428
0
113
0
-305
64
-4,499
-156
243
0
0
-221
-117
-17
-42
762
605
254
194
122
-10
0
-131
480
884
429
24
485
0
124
-148
0
673
-216
-326
55
0
1,002
58
-60
1,409
0
15
0
114
-2,165
-22
0
-88
-94
68
437
0
116
0
-311
65
-4,594
-159
248
0
0
-226
-120
-17
-42
778
618
260
199
124
-11
0
-133
490
903
438
24
495
0
127
-151
0
687
-220
-332
56
0
1,023
60
-61
1,439
0
15
0
117
-2,210
-23
0
-89
-96
69
446
0
2003-2007
2003-2012
556
0
-1,492
312
-22,040
-764
1,189
0
0
-1,085
-575
-81
-204
3,731
2,965
1,246
953
596
-51
0
-640
2,351
4,332
2,103
116
2,377
0
608
-725
0
3,298
-1,058
-1,595
269
0
4,906
286
-292
6,904
0
74
0
561
-10,605
-110
0
-429
-461
332
2,140
0
1,173
0
-3,147
659
-46,496
-1,612
2,508
0
0
-2,288
-1,212
-172
-430
7,871
6,255
2,629
2,010
1,258
-107
0
-1,350
4,960
9,139
4,436
245
5,013
0
1,282
-1,529
0
6,958
-2,232
-3,365
568
0
10,350
604
-617
14,564
0
156
0
1,183
-22,372
-232
0
-905
-972
700
4,514
0
Total, United States
0
0
0
0
0
0
Funding Gains
8,091
8,265
8,438
8,616
8,796
42,206
Funding Losses
-8,091
-8,265
-8,438
-8,616
-8,796
-42,206
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
0
89,038
-89,038
Appendix F-8
Table F-9. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by State: Vocational Education,
FY 2002-2011 [Fiscal years; thousands of dollars]
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
0
0
80
0
-962
0
0
-2
0
223
0
0
60
0
0
0
89
0
0
0
0
0
342
0
0
0
-30
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
193
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
81
0
-983
0
0
-2
0
228
0
0
61
0
0
0
91
0
0
0
0
0
350
0
0
0
-31
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
197
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
83
0
-1,003
0
0
-2
0
232
0
0
62
0
0
0
93
0
0
0
0
0
357
0
0
0
-32
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
201
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
85
0
-1,024
0
0
-2
0
237
0
0
64
0
0
0
95
0
0
0
0
0
365
0
0
0
-32
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
205
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
87
0
-1,046
0
0
-2
0
242
0
0
65
0
0
0
97
0
0
0
0
0
372
0
0
0
-33
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
210
0
0
0
0
0
0
2002-2006
2002-2011
0
0
416
0
-5,019
0
0
-10
0
1,162
0
0
312
0
0
0
465
0
0
0
0
0
1,786
0
0
0
-158
0
40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,006
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
877
0
-10,587
0
0
-20
0
2,452
0
0
658
0
0
0
980
0
0
0
0
0
3,768
0
0
0
-334
0
84
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,122
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total, United States
0
0
0
0
0
0
Funding Gains
994
1,016
1,037
1,059
1,081
5,186
Funding Losses
-994
-1,016
-1,037
-1,059
-1,081
-5,186
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Note: An asterisk (*) denotes a positive shift of less than $500. A negative asterisk (-*) denotes a negative shift of less than $500.
0
10,941
-10,941
Appendix F-9
Appendix G: Estimated Funding Effect by Metropolitan Area
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA: Eight Federal Grant Programs,
FY 2002-2012
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
State Effects
Effects
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
Alabama
Anniston, AL MSA
Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA
Birmingham, AL MSA
Columbus, GA-AL MSA (AL portion)
Decatur, AL MSA
Dothan, AL MSA
Florence, AL MSA
Gadsden, AL MSA
Huntsville, AL MSA
Mobile, AL MSA
Montgomery, AL MSA
Tuscaloosa, AL MSA
Alaska
Anchorage, AK MSA
Arizona
Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (AZ portion)
Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (AZ portion)
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ MSA
Tucson, AZ MSA
Yuma, AZ MSA
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA
Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (AR portion)
Jonesboro, AR MSA
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (AR portion)
Pine Bluff, AR MSA
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (AR portion)
California
Bakersfield, CA MSA
Chico-Paradise, CA MSA
Fresno, CA MSA
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA
Merced, CA MSA
Modesto, CA MSA
Oakland, CA PMSA
Orange County, CA PMSA
Redding, CA MSA
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA
Sacramento, CA PMSA
Salinas, CA MSA
San Diego, CA MSA
San Francisco, CA PMSA
San Jose, CA PMSA
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA MSA
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA MSA
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA PMSA
Santa Rosa, CA PMSA
Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA
Ventura, CA PMSA
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA MSA
Yolo, CA PMSA
Yuba City, CA MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-1
-60
-53
-471
-26
-74
-69
-71
-54
-180
-278
-167
-83
1,731
-4,270
-9,700
-1,047
3,907
-1,032
4,418
4,213
3,643
-11,398
-6
-2,273
1,671
-4,323
-10,171
-1,073
3,833
-1,101
4,347
4,159
3,463
-11,676
-173
-2,356
0.2%
-0.5%
-0.1%
-0.3%
0.3%
-0.1%
0.4%
0.5%
0.1%
-0.3%
0.0%
-0.2%
-9,361
-12,475
-21,836
-0.8%
-4,958
-5,900
-130,089
-34,160
-5,733
-20,751
6,176
86,364
5,258
-3,512
-25,710
276
-43,724
-28,902
-9,245
-3.5%
0.0%
-0.2%
-0.6%
-1.1%
411
227
113
802
70
113
57
161
4,098
-77
-12,332
-4,279
-801
8
572
4,325
36
-11,530
-4,209
-688
64
0.0%
0.3%
0.0%
-0.2%
-1.0%
-0.1%
0.0%
-98,450
-29,361
-136,380
-1,413,905
-30,661
-66,172
-358,458
-423,336
-24,951
-489,213
-237,025
-55,729
-429,818
-258,929
-254,950
-35,575
-59,321
-36,960
-66,260
-86,035
-76,505
-112,652
-55,382
-23,620
-21,143
-8,749
4,042
-72,873
-422,514
-19,404
717
59,136
127,023
9,905
47,745
79,546
-18,141
58,002
79,039
66,665
4,261
-8,252
1,485
13,975
-13,632
20,923
29,583
-30,433
-8,029
-1,397
-107,199
-25,319
-209,253
-1,836,419
-50,066
-65,455
-299,321
-296,314
-15,046
-441,468
-157,478
-73,870
-371,816
-179,890
-188,284
-31,314
-67,572
-35,475
-52,285
-99,667
-55,582
-83,069
-85,816
-31,650
-22,540
-2.3%
-1.8%
-3.2%
-2.7%
-3.4%
-2.1%
-1.8%
-1.5%
-1.3%
-1.9%
-1.4%
-2.8%
-1.8%
-1.5%
-1.6%
-1.9%
-2.4%
-2.0%
-1.7%
-2.4%
-1.5%
-1.6%
-3.2%
-2.8%
-2.2%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Amount
Effects
State Effects
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont, CO PMSA
Colorado Springs, CO MSA
Denver, CO PMSA
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA
Grand Junction, CO MSA
Greeley, CO PMSA
Pueblo, CO MSA
Connecticut
Hartford, CT NECMA
New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA
New London-Norwich, CT NECMA
Delaware
Dover, DE MSA
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (DE portion)
District of Columbia
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (DC portion)
Florida
Daytona Beach, FL MSA
Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA
Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA
Gainesville, FL MSA
Jacksonville, FL MSA
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL MSA
Miami, FL PMSA
Naples, FL MSA2
Ocala, FL MSA
Orlando, FL MSA
Panama City, FL MSA
Pensacola, FL MSA
Punta Gorda, FL MSA
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA
Tallahassee, FL MSA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL MSA
Georgia
Albany, GA MSA
Athens, GA MSA
Atlanta, GA MSA
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (GA portion)
Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (GA portion)
Columbus, GA-AL MSA (GA portion)
Macon, GA MSA
Savannah, GA MSA
Hawaii
Honolulu, HI MSA
Idaho
Boise City, ID MSA
Pocatello, ID MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-2
-361
-674
-2,644
-316
-153
-215
-176
-3,379
-837
27,645
-2,754
446
-7,475
-571
-3,741
-1,511
25,002
-3,070
293
-7,690
-747
-0.3%
-0.1%
0.3%
-0.3%
0.1%
-1.0%
-0.1%
2,114
3,119
464
-3,685
9,383
-5,157
-1,571
12,502
-4,692
0.0%
0.1%
-0.2%
-63
-244
514
-2,472
451
-2,716
0.1%
-0.1%
-2,058
0
-2,058
0.0%
-16,236
-51,830
-13,524
-10,135
-5,810
-6,682
-35,665
-15,372
-15,996
-71,937
19,553
10,951
16,244
10,496
3,122
-4,407
1,895
10,940
14,893
-229,714
3,317
-40,879
2,719
361
-2,688
-11,089
-33,771
-4,432
-1,102
-301,651
0.1%
-0.5%
0.1%
0.0%
-0.3%
-1.0%
-0.6%
-0.2%
0.0%
-2.5%
-7,039
-8,413
-52,145
-5,031
-13,694
-4,684
-18,467
-8,814
-76,265
-35,620
650
7,740
-7,013
3,792
2,541
10,084
29,405
-2,436
55,832
23,079
-6,389
-674
-59,158
-1,239
-11,153
5,400
10,939
-11,250
-20,433
-12,541
-0.6%
0.0%
-0.7%
-0.2%
-0.5%
0.7%
0.4%
-0.8%
-0.2%
-0.2%
-4,101
-4,843
-135,314
-10,613
-4,564
-7,568
-11,186
-10,025
-926
-2,601
-22,185
-4,019
6,069
-399
2,800
4,618
-5,027
-7,444
-157,499
-14,632
1,505
-7,967
-8,386
-5,407
-0.8%
-0.9%
-0.7%
-0.8%
0.2%
-0.6%
-0.5%
-0.3%
-14,690
350
-14,340
-0.3%
-9,545
-1,743
4,060
494
-5,485
-1,248
-0.2%
-0.3%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Amount
Effects
State Effects
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
Illinois
Bloomington-Normal, IL MSA
Champaign-Urbana, IL MSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IL portion)
Decatur, IL MSA
Kankakee, IL PMSA
Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA
Rockford, IL MSA
Springfield, IL MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (IL portion)
Indiana
Bloomington, IN MSA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (IN portion)
Elkhart-Goshen, IN MSA
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (IN portion)
Fort Wayne, IN MSA
Gary, IN PMSA
Indianapolis, IN MSA
Kokomo, IN MSA
Lafayette, IN MSA
Louisville, KY-IN MSA (IN portion)
Muncie, IN MSA
South Bend, IN MSA
Terre Haute, IN MSA
Iowa
Cedar Rapids, IA MSA
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA (IA portion)
Des Moines, IA MSA
Dubuque, IA MSA
Iowa City, IA MSA
Omaha, NE-IA MSA (IA portion)
Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (IA portion)
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA
Kansas
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (KS portion)
Lawrence, KS MSA
Topeka, KS MSA
Wichita, KS MSA
Kentucky
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (KY portion)
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (KY portion)
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA (KY portion)
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (KY portion)
Lexington, KY MSA
Louisville, KY-IN MSA (KY portion)
Owensboro, KY MSA
Louisiana
Alexandria, LA MSA
Baton Rouge, LA MSA
Houma, LA MSA
Lafayette, LA MSA
Lake Charles, LA MSA
Monroe, LA MSA
New Orleans, LA MSA
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-3
391
445
21,587
532
302
277
927
973
555
1,630
2,975
-5,054
-146,539
6,023
3,626
1,045
12,379
11,927
8,686
8,515
3,366
-4,609
-124,952
6,556
3,928
1,323
13,306
12,901
9,241
10,145
0.3%
-0.4%
-0.2%
0.5%
0.5%
0.2%
0.6%
0.5%
0.7%
0.2%
10,311
4,869
15,590
22,037
43,049
54,886
137,683
8,926
15,459
20,254
10,274
23,003
13,177
-3,810
1,611
817
3,201
4,199
-11,373
-29,183
1,116
-5,416
2,054
-550
-1,388
1,575
6,500
6,480
16,407
25,238
47,249
43,513
108,500
10,042
10,043
22,308
9,724
21,615
14,751
1.0%
2.0%
1.6%
1.7%
1.7%
1.2%
1.2%
1.7%
1.0%
1.7%
1.4%
1.4%
1.7%
18,391
15,813
44,307
8,704
10,337
8,566
10,104
11,938
1,409
-4,779
-6,359
1,289
-5,921
118
-784
-1,258
19,800
11,033
37,948
9,993
4,416
8,683
9,321
10,680
1.6%
1.0%
1.3%
1.7%
0.6%
1.5%
1.4%
1.3%
48,095
6,588
11,417
38,418
409
-3,031
1,061
-6,564
48,504
3,557
12,478
31,854
1.3%
0.7%
1.4%
1.1%
4,782
956
586
1,485
6,020
10,235
1,204
4,286
-4,339
513
5,119
-15,867
-5,951
2,398
9,068
-3,383
1,099
6,604
-9,847
4,284
3,603
0.2%
-0.5%
0.2%
0.6%
-0.2%
0.1%
0.4%
-5,225
-24,459
-8,170
-15,969
-7,629
-6,167
-54,862
-15,801
4,892
-11,954
11,319
7,784
10,932
4,272
-42,253
-6,415
-334
-36,413
3,150
-8,184
3,303
-1,895
-97,116
-22,216
0.0%
-0.6%
0.1%
-0.2%
0.2%
-0.1%
-0.7%
-0.5%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Effects
State Effects
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
Maine
Bangor, ME NECMA
Lewiston-Auburn, ME NECMA
Portland, ME NECMA
Maryland
Baltimore, MD PMSA
Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (MD portion)
Hagerstown, MD PMSA
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (MD portion)
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA (MD portion)
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (MA portion)
Pittsfield, MA NECMA
Springfield, MA NECMA
Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI PMSA
Benton Harbor, MI MSA
Detroit, MI PMSA
Flint, MI PMSA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA
Jackson, MI MSA
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA
Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA
Minnesota
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)
Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (MN portion)
La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (MN portion)
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (MN portion)
Rochester, MN MSA
St. Cloud, MN MSA
Mississippi
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA
Hattiesburg, MS MSA
Jackson, MS MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (MS portion)
Missouri
Columbia, MO MSA
Joplin, MO MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA (MO portion)
Springfield, MO MSA
St. Joseph, MO MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA (MO portion)
Montana
Billings, MT MSA
Great Falls, MT MSA
Missoula, MT MSA
Nebraska
Lincoln, NE MSA
Omaha, NE-IA MSA (NE portion)
Sioux City, IA-NE MSA (NE portion)
Nevada
Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA (NV portion)
Reno, NV MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-4
17,293
12,275
31,339
-590
-1,191
-3,919
16,703
11,084
27,420
1.0%
0.9%
0.9%
-4,181
-117
-214
-3,407
-142
18,051
4,365
5,728
-36,377
2,900
13,870
4,247
5,514
-39,785
2,758
0.1%
1.0%
0.7%
-0.3%
0.5%
762
18,434
468
2,101
-611
16,940
-2,071
-9,250
151
35,374
-1,603
-7,149
0.0%
0.1%
-0.1%
-0.1%
62,948
17,965
509,426
49,199
118,994
17,661
50,457
50,746
45,062
1,239
-1,672
-69,396
-9,219
9,516
5,270
2,280
-12,122
6,329
64,187
16,293
440,029
39,980
128,510
22,931
52,737
38,624
51,391
1.6%
1.4%
1.3%
1.2%
1.7%
2.0%
1.6%
1.2%
1.7%
26,572
7,166
4,221
2,683
389,726
16,485
22,840
4,707
-324
289
597
-34,034
1,396
1,702
31,280
6,842
4,510
3,280
355,692
17,881
24,543
2.5%
2.0%
2.3%
2.6%
1.9%
2.3%
2.3%
-8,006
-2,554
-9,747
-2,363
16,189
2,000
-14,486
5,003
8,183
-554
-24,233
2,640
0.2%
0.0%
-0.5%
0.2%
16,143
18,465
130,319
38,279
11,762
238,929
-7,017
4,863
-31,292
6,882
2,536
-32,516
9,125
23,328
99,027
45,162
14,298
206,412
0.8%
1.8%
1.1%
1.7%
1.7%
1.2%
-3,629
-2,223
-2,563
4,341
2,202
654
712
-21
-1,908
0.1%
0.0%
-0.3%
24,554
63,046
1,921
-26
-12,459
45
24,528
50,587
1,967
1.3%
1.0%
1.3%
-15,440
-3,882
2,823
-818
-12,617
-4,699
-0.3%
-0.4%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Effects
Amount
State Effects
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
New Hampshire
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA (NH portion)
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May, NJ PMSA
Bergen-Passaic, NJ PMSA
Jersey City, NJ PMSA
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ PMSA
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ PMSA
Newark, NJ PMSA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (NJ portion)
Trenton, NJ PMSA
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ PMSA
New Mexico
Albuquerque, NM MSA
Las Cruces, NM MSA
Santa Fe, NM MSA
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA
Binghamton, NY MSA
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA
Dutchess County, NY PMSA
Elmira, NY MSA
Glens Falls, NY MSA
Jamestown, NY MSA
Nassau-Suffolk, NY PMSA
New York, NY PMSA
Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (NY portion)
Rochester, NY MSA
Syracuse, NY MSA
Utica-Rome, NY MSA
North Carolina
Asheville, NC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (NC portion)
Fayetteville, NC MSA
Goldsboro, NC MSA
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Greenville, NC MSA
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA
Jacksonville, NC MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (NC portion)
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA
Rocky Mount, NC MSA
Wilmington, NC MSA
North Dakota
Bismarck, ND MSA
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)
Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA (ND portion)
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-5
1,951
2,184
4,135
0.1%
1,001
3,967
1,616
3,362
3,296
5,768
3,679
980
413
-8,666
23,056
-112,231
41,065
106,609
-94,736
59,428
-8,391
-6,134
-7,665
27,023
-110,615
44,427
109,906
-88,969
63,107
-7,410
-5,721
-0.3%
0.3%
-2.6%
0.5%
1.3%
-0.6%
0.7%
-0.3%
-0.5%
-62,389
-15,722
-13,179
41,879
-1,958
11,165
-20,510
-17,679
-2,014
-0.3%
-1.1%
-0.1%
-85
-24
-112
-26
-9
-12
-13
-263
-859
-33
-106
-71
-28
200,100
44,007
296,783
36,834
18,121
23,234
20,583
1,042,719
-2,259,813
34,048
207,649
155,246
46,642
200,015
43,983
296,671
36,808
18,113
23,222
20,570
1,042,456
-2,260,671
34,015
207,543
155,174
46,614
1.4%
1.1%
1.5%
0.8%
1.2%
1.1%
0.9%
2.3%
-1.5%
0.6%
1.1%
1.3%
0.9%
-3,707
-21,614
-4,705
-1,922
-20,242
-2,221
-5,587
-2,302
-322
-19,185
-2,537
-3,916
10,221
-6,246
-7,382
-1,317
30,849
-6,089
13,497
-3,902
422
-31,264
-4,069
4,481
6,514
-27,860
-12,087
-3,239
10,607
-8,311
7,910
-6,204
100
-50,449
-6,606
565
0.3%
-0.2%
-0.5%
-0.3%
0.1%
-0.7%
0.3%
-0.5%
0.1%
-0.5%
-0.5%
0.0%
5,857
7,560
4,155
3,820
1,473
-1,386
9,678
9,032
2,769
1.3%
0.9%
0.5%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Effects
Amount
State Effects
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
Ohio
Akron, OH PMSA
Canton-Massillon, OH MSA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA (OH portion)
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA
Columbus, OH MSA
Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA
Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSA
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (OH portion)
Lima, OH MSA
Mansfield, OH MSA
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (OH portion)
Toledo, OH MSA
Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (OH portion)
Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA
Oklahoma
Enid, OK MSA
Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA (OK portion)
Lawton, OK MSA
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Tulsa, OK MSA
Oregon
Corvallis, OR MSA
Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA
Medford-Ashland, OR MSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (OR portion)
Salem, OR PMSA
Pennsylvania
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA
Altoona, PA MSA
Erie, PA MSA
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA
Johnstown, PA MSA
Lancaster, PA MSA
Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA (PA portion)
Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA (PA portion)
Pittsburgh, PA MSA
Reading, PA MSA
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA
Sharon, PA MSA
State College, PA MSA
Williamsport, PA MSA
York, PA MSA
Rhode Island
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA
South Carolina
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA (SC portion)
Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA (SC portion)
Columbia, SC MSA
Florence, SC MSA
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA
Myrtle Beach, SC MSA
Sumter, SC MSA
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-6
76,450
44,344
134,174
244,344
164,815
103,983
37,369
7,140
16,919
19,170
6,991
8,035
66,761
7,546
64,655
-5,041
12,044
-26,583
-27,318
-48,153
-13,986
5,297
2,761
4,088
5,880
3,134
3,180
-10,941
3,695
11,654
71,410
56,388
107,591
217,026
116,662
89,997
42,665
9,902
21,007
25,050
10,125
11,215
55,821
11,240
76,309
1.3%
1.8%
1.1%
1.2%
1.0%
1.2%
1.6%
1.9%
1.7%
1.8%
2.0%
2.0%
1.2%
2.1%
1.6%
-236
-162
-478
-4,424
-3,319
1,003
743
-1,776
-17,859
-1,983
767
581
-2,253
-22,283
-5,302
0.2%
0.2%
-0.3%
-0.3%
-0.1%
-1,323
-5,363
-2,992
-25,747
-5,671
-6,883
-6,256
-1,068
37,090
-8,889
-8,206
-11,619
-4,060
11,343
-14,560
-1.5%
-0.5%
-0.3%
0.1%
-0.6%
119,409
25,083
53,178
119,802
45,180
89,235
8,392
715,191
449,222
69,254
117,097
23,490
25,878
22,465
73,373
24,477
-32
-6,123
-6,469
-3,076
-21,366
-1,393
-36,962
93,248
-9,388
41,646
-1,417
-13,777
-2,639
-4,784
143,886
25,051
47,056
113,333
42,103
67,869
6,999
678,230
542,470
59,866
158,743
22,072
12,101
19,827
68,589
2.7%
2.3%
2.0%
2.1%
2.1%
1.7%
1.9%
2.1%
2.7%
1.9%
3.1%
2.1%
1.0%
2.0%
2.1%
228,223
6,270
234,493
2.3%
-3,291
-11,429
-3,348
-10,985
-2,666
-19,633
-3,819
-2,262
961
-24,155
5,046
-8,245
-268
32,212
4,449
-2,425
-2,330
-35,584
1,698
-19,230
-2,935
12,579
630
-4,687
-0.2%
-0.7%
0.1%
-0.4%
-0.3%
0.1%
0.0%
-0.5%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Effects
Amount
State Effects
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
South Dakota
Rapid City, SD MSA
Sioux Falls, SD MSA
Tennessee
Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA (TN portion)
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA (TN portion)
Jackson, TN MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (TN portion)
Knoxville, TN MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA (TN portion)
Nashville, TN MSA
Texas
Abilene, TX MSA
Amarillo, TX MSA
Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX MSA
Brazoria, TX PMSA
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX MSA
Bryan-College Station, TX MSA
Corpus Christi, TX MSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
El Paso, TX MSA
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA
Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA
Houston, TX PMSA
Killeen-Temple, TX MSA
Laredo, TX MSA
Longview-Marshall, TX MSA
Lubbock, TX MSA
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA
Odessa-Midland, TX MSA
San Angelo, TX MSA
San Antonio, TX MSA
Sherman-Denison, TX MSA
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA (TX portion)
Tyler, TX MSA
Victoria, TX MSA
Waco, TX MSA
Wichita Falls, TX MSA
Utah
Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA (UT portion)
Provo-Orem, UT MSA
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA
Vermont
Burlington, VT NECMA
Virginia
Charlottesville, VA MSA
Danville, VA MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA (VA portion)
Lynchburg, VA MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (VA portion)
Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA
Roanoke, VA MSA
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (VA portion)
Footnotes at end of table.
Appendix G-7
3,792
7,263
2,242
9,110
6,034
16,373
0.9%
1.3%
-940
-387
-299
-1,104
-1,971
-2,767
-3,491
-131
-3,100
-206
19,833
15,483
-80,437
-9,480
-1,070
-3,487
-505
18,729
13,512
-83,204
-12,972
0.0%
-0.3%
-0.1%
0.5%
0.2%
-0.9%
-0.1%
-11,519
-20,123
-110,469
-35,934
-22,577
-30,906
-12,784
-36,357
-315,799
-66,121
-155,606
-23,750
-382,019
-29,502
-18,189
-20,219
-21,575
-50,315
-23,346
-9,679
-146,377
-9,947
-7,976
-16,425
-7,859
-19,500
-13,126
7,043
14,949
-27,515
30,945
12,862
-7,444
-3,921
-21,345
16,954
-67,398
40,333
14,519
-106,279
10,456
-982
14,856
5,635
-48,871
15,898
5,407
-80,043
9,040
6,960
10,266
2,246
8,964
10,782
-4,476
-5,174
-137,984
-4,989
-9,715
-38,350
-16,705
-57,702
-298,844
-133,519
-115,273
-9,232
-488,298
-19,045
-19,171
-5,364
-15,940
-99,185
-7,448
-4,271
-226,421
-908
-1,017
-6,159
-5,612
-10,536
-2,343
-0.6%
-0.4%
-1.8%
-0.2%
-0.6%
-1.8%
-1.9%
-2.2%
-1.3%
-2.8%
-1.1%
-0.6%
-1.8%
-0.9%
-1.5%
-0.4%
-1.1%
-2.8%
-0.5%
-0.6%
-2.2%
-0.1%
-0.2%
-0.5%
-1.0%
-0.8%
-0.3%
2
129
478
98
-18,641
36,094
100
-18,512
36,571
0.3%
-1.0%
0.5%
14,722
3,202
17,923
0.8%
-3,923
-2,745
-2,286
-5,386
-39,365
-24,929
-5,817
-53,979
-1,398
1,097
2,824
4,304
-29,681
3,649
7,058
-5,670
-5,321
-1,648
538
-1,082
-69,046
-21,280
1,241
-59,649
-0.8%
-0.4%
0.1%
-0.1%
-1.1%
-0.5%
0.1%
-0.7%
Appendix G. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by MSA, continued
Between- Within-State
Net Effect
Effects
Amount
State Effects
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands)
State, MSA
Washington
Bellingham, WA MSA
Bremerton, WA PMSA
Olympia, WA PMSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA (WA portion)
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA
Spokane, WA MSA
Tacoma, WA PMSA
Yakima, WA MSA
West Virginia
Charleston, WV MSA
Cumberland, MD-WV MSA (WV portion)
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA (WV portion)
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA (WV portion)
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA (WV portion)
Wheeling, WV-OH MSA (WV portion)
Wisconsin
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)
Eau Claire, WI MSA
Green Bay, WI MSA
Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA
Kenosha, WI PMSA
La Crosse, WI-MN MSA (WI portion)
Madison, WI MSA
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA (WI portion)
Racine, WI PMSA
Sheboygan, WI MSA
Wausau, WI MSA
Wyoming
Casper, WY MSA
Cheyenne, WY MSA
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
1
-3,502
-5,179
-4,533
-7,503
-4,011
-50,550
-8,956
-14,776
-4,679
-6,195
-2,129
-938
13,897
-9,358
52,671
17,914
-287
-25,978
-9,696
-7,307
-5,471
6,394
-13,369
2,121
8,958
-15,063
-30,657
-0.9%
-0.4%
-0.4%
0.3%
-1.0%
0.0%
0.3%
-0.3%
-2.0%
7,679
808
4,101
2,621
1,796
3,533
2,499
3,567
784
213
2,455
2,004
-3,661
2,199
11,246
1,592
4,315
5,076
3,800
-129
4,698
0.4%
0.5%
0.3%
0.5%
0.5%
0.0%
0.5%
32,305
3,973
13,364
20,264
14,144
13,622
9,554
40,547
136,216
8,938
17,435
10,271
11,513
6,436
1,465
2,011
3,029
1,836
440
2
-7,805
-59,662
2,746
-2,051
1,745
3,193
38,741
5,438
15,375
23,293
15,979
14,062
9,556
32,742
76,554
11,684
15,384
12,016
14,705
1.7%
1.9%
1.6%
1.6%
1.6%
1.4%
1.4%
1.1%
0.8%
1.8%
1.2%
1.6%
1.8%
-1,600
-2,039
1,535
593
-66
-1,446
0.0%
-0.3%
Net Effect as a percent of the adjusted funding level under the eight programs over 2002-2012.
Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original
figures.
2
Appendix G-8
Appendix H: Estimated Funding Effect by Center County
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs: Eight
Federal Grant Programs, FY 2002-2012
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Alabama
Calhoun County
Anniston, AL
Dale County
Dothan (part), AL
Etowah County
Gadsden, AL
Houston County
Dothan (part), AL
Jefferson County
Birmingham (part), AL
Lauderdale County
Florence, AL
Lee County
Auburn, AL; Opelika, AL
Limestone County
Huntsville (part), AL
Madison County
Huntsville (part), AL
Mobile County
Mobile, AL
Montgomery County
Montgomery, AL
Morgan County
Decatur (part), AL
Shelby County
Birmingham (part), AL
Tuscaloosa County
Tuscaloosa, AL
Alaska
Anchorage Borough
Anchorage, AK
Arizona
Coconino County
Flagstaff, AZ
Maricopa County
Mesa, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; Scottsdale, AZ; Tempe, AZ
Pima County
Tucson, AZ
Yuma County
Yuma, AZ
Arkansas
Benton County
Rogers, AR; Springdale (part), AR
Craighead County
Jonesboro, AR
Crittenden County
West Memphis, AR
Faulkner County
Conway, AR
Jefferson County
Pine Bluff, AR
Miller County
Texarkana, AR
Pulaski County
Jacksonville, AR; Little Rock, AR; North Little Rock, AR
Sebastian County
Fort Smith, AR
Washington County
Fayetteville, AR; Springdale (part), AR
California
Alameda County
Alameda, CA; Berkeley, CA; Oakland, CA
Butte County
Chico, CA; Paradise, CA
Fresno County
Fresno, CA
Kern County
Bakersfield, CA
Los Angeles County
Lancaster, CA; Long Beach, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Pasadena, CA
Madera County
Madera, CA
Merced County
Merced, CA
Monterey County
Monterey, CA; Salinas, CA
Napa County
Napa, CA
Orange County
Anaheim, CA; Irvine, CA; Santa Ana, CA
Riverside County
Hemet, CA; Palm Desert, CA; Palm Springs, CA; Riverside, CA; Temecula, CA
Sacramento County
Sacramento, CA
San Bernardino County
San Bernardino, CA
San Diego County
Coronado, CA; Escondido, CA; San Diego, CA
San Francisco County
San Francisco, CA
San Joaquin County
Lodi, CA; Stockton, CA
San Luis Obispo County Atascadero, CA; El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA; San Luis Obispo, CA
Santa Barbara County
Lompoc, CA; Santa Barbara, CA; Santa Maria, CA
Santa Clara County
Gilroy, CA; Palo Alto, CA; San Jose, CA; Santa Clara, CA; Sunnyvale, CA
Santa Cruz County
Santa Cruz, CA; Watsonville, CA
Shasta County
Redding, CA
Solano County
Fairfield, CA; Vallejo, CA
Sonoma County
Petaluma, CA; Santa Rosa, CA
Stanislaus County
Modesto, CA; Turlock, CA
Sutter County
Yuba City, CA
Tulare County
Porterville, CA; Tulare, CA; Visalia, CA
Ventura County
San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA
Yolo County
Davis, CA; Woodland, CA
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-1
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-60
-25
-54
-44
-335
-44
-53
-33
-147
-205
-111
-57
-78
-83
1,731
-1,401
4,213
369
-16,848
2,856
-4,270
1,675
1,968
-14,479
-2,278
3,455
2,373
-2,273
1,671
-1,426
4,159
325
-17,183
2,812
-4,323
1,642
1,821
-14,685
-2,389
3,398
2,295
-2,356
0.2%
-0.4%
0.5%
0.0%
-0.3%
0.4%
-0.5%
0.3%
0.1%
-0.5%
-0.1%
0.4%
0.2%
-0.2%
-9,361
-12,475
-21,836
-0.8%
-4,958
-123,645
-34,160
-5,733
-20,751
92,775
5,258
-3,512
-25,710
-30,870
-28,902
-9,245
-3.5%
-0.2%
-0.6%
-1.1%
205
113
70
119
113
57
492
152
206
2,958
-77
-4,279
-131
-801
8
-15,794
2,350
-2,797
3,163
36
-4,209
-12
-688
64
-15,302
2,502
-2,591
0.3%
0.0%
-1.0%
0.0%
-0.1%
0.0%
-0.5%
0.3%
-0.2%
-215,962
-29,361
-117,967
-98,450
-1,413,905
-18,413
-30,661
-55,729
-18,125
-423,336
-234,751
-175,772
-254,462
-429,818
-115,175
-86,035
-35,575
-59,321
-254,950
-36,960
-24,951
-58,380
-66,260
-66,172
-12,083
-55,382
-112,652
-23,620
-16,681
4,042
-63,304
-8,749
-422,514
-9,570
-19,404
-18,141
4,166
127,023
28,200
42,881
19,545
58,002
1,715
-13,632
4,261
-8,252
66,665
1,485
9,905
16,757
13,975
717
391
-30,433
29,583
-8,029
-232,643
-25,319
-181,270
-107,199
-1,836,419
-27,983
-50,066
-73,870
-13,959
-296,314
-206,551
-132,891
-234,917
-371,816
-113,461
-99,667
-31,314
-67,572
-188,284
-35,475
-15,046
-41,623
-52,285
-65,455
-11,692
-85,816
-83,069
-31,650
-2.3%
-1.8%
-3.2%
-2.3%
-2.7%
-3.2%
-3.4%
-2.8%
-1.6%
-1.5%
-1.9%
-1.6%
-1.9%
-1.8%
-2.1%
-2.4%
-1.9%
-2.4%
-1.6%
-2.0%
-1.3%
-1.5%
-1.7%
-2.1%
-2.0%
-3.2%
-1.6%
-2.8%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Colorado
Boulder County
Denver County
El Paso County
Larimer County
Mesa County
Pueblo County
Weld County
Connecticut
Fairfield County
Hartford County
Middlesex County
New Haven County
New London County
Delaware
Kent County
New Castle County
District of Columbia
District of Columbia
Florida
Alachua County
Bay County
Brevard County
Broward County
Charlotte County
Boulder, CO; Longmont, CO
Denver, CO
Colorado Springs, CO
Fort Collins, CO; Loveland, CO
Grand Junction, CO
Pueblo, CO
Greeley, CO
Bridgeport city, CT; Danbury city, CT; Norwalk city, CT; Stamford city, CT
Hartford city, CT
Middletown city, CT
Meriden city, CT; New Haven city, CT; Waterbury city, CT
New London city, CT; Norwich city, CT
Dover, DE
Newark, DE; Wilmington, DE
Washington, DC
Gainesville, FL
Panama City, FL
Melbourne, FL; Palm Bay, FL; Titusville, FL
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Punta Gorda, FL
2
Collier County
Naples, FL
Duval County
Jacksonville, FL
Escambia County
Pensacola, FL
Hillsborough County
Tampa, FL
Lee County
Cape Coral, FL; Fort Myers, FL
Leon County
Tallahassee, FL
Manatee County
Bradenton, FL
Marion County
Ocala, FL
Miami-Dade County
Miami, FL; Miami Beach, FL
Okaloosa County
Fort Walton Beach, FL
Orange County
Orlando, FL
Palm Beach County
Boca Raton, FL; West Palm Beach, FL
Pinellas County
Clearwater, FL; St Petersburg, FL
Polk County
Lakeland, FL; Winter Haven, FL
Sarasota County
Sarasota, FL
St. Lucie County
Fort Pierce, FL; Port St Lucie, FL
Volusia County
Daytona Beach, FL
Georgia
Bibb County
Macon (part), GA
Chatham County
Savannah, GA
Clarke County
Athens-Clarke County, GA
DeKalb County
Atlanta (part), GA
Dougherty County
Albany, GA
Fulton County
Atlanta (part), GA
Jones County
Macon (part), GA
Muscogee County
Columbus, GA
Richmond County
Augusta-Richmond, GA
Hawaii
Honolulu County
Honolulu, HI
Idaho
Ada County
Boise City, ID
Bannock County
Pocatello (part), ID
Canyon County
Nampa, ID
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-2
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-361
-661
-674
-316
-153
-176
-215
-3,379
-22,795
-837
-2,754
446
-571
-7,475
-3,741
-23,456
-1,511
-3,070
293
-747
-7,690
-0.3%
-1.0%
-0.1%
-0.3%
0.1%
-0.1%
-1.0%
1,606
1,572
289
1,512
464
11
-9,685
4,212
9,372
-5,157
1,617
-8,112
4,501
10,885
-4,692
0.0%
-0.1%
0.3%
0.2%
-0.2%
-63
-244
514
-2,472
451
-2,716
0.1%
-0.1%
-2,058
0
-2,058
0.0%
-6,682
-5,031
-15,996
-51,830
-4,684
-4,407
3,792
14,893
10,951
10,084
-11,089
-1,239
-1,102
-40,879
5,400
-1.0%
-0.2%
0.0%
-0.5%
0.7%
-7,039
-24,712
-9,447
-31,294
-13,524
-7,351
-8,181
-8,413
-71,937
-5,810
-27,647
-35,620
-29,288
-15,372
-10,286
-6,165
-14,465
650
-6,980
-1,003
-21,819
16,244
-557
7,450
7,740
-229,714
3,122
-21,116
23,079
48,583
10,940
21,955
4,888
17,051
-6,389
-31,692
-10,450
-53,114
2,719
-7,908
-731
-674
-301,651
-2,688
-48,763
-12,541
19,295
-4,432
11,669
-1,277
2,586
-0.6%
-0.8%
-0.7%
-1.0%
0.1%
-0.7%
-0.1%
0.0%
-2.5%
-0.3%
-1.1%
-0.2%
0.4%
-0.2%
0.7%
-0.1%
0.1%
-5,401
-7,769
-3,103
-20,417
-3,252
-25,950
-812
-6,215
-6,503
1,321
3,486
-4,035
-25,432
-1,226
-41,089
514
-219
-6,285
-4,080
-4,283
-7,139
-45,850
-4,478
-67,039
-297
-6,434
-12,788
-0.5%
-0.3%
-1.4%
-1.4%
-0.8%
-1.6%
-0.2%
-0.6%
-1.2%
-14,690
350
-14,340
-0.3%
-6,664
-1,743
-2,881
7,897
494
-3,837
1,232
-1,248
-6,718
0.1%
-0.3%
-0.9%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Illinois
Champaign County
Champaign, IL; Urbana, IL
Cook County
Chicago (part), IL; Elgin, IL; Evanston, IL
DeKalb County
DeKalb, IL
DuPage County
Chicago (part), IL; Aurora, IL
Kane County
Elgin, IL; Aurora, IL
Kankakee County
Kankakee, IL
Lake County
North Chicago, IL
Macon County
Decatur, IL
Madison County
Alton, IL; Granite City, IL
McLean County
Bloomington, IL; Normal, IL
Peoria County
Pekin (part), IL; Peoria, IL
Rock Island County
Moline, IL; Rock Island, IL
Sangamon County
Springfield, IL
St. Clair County
Belleville, IL; East St Louis, IL
Tazewell County
Pekin (part), IL
Will County
Joliet, IL
Winnebago County
Rockford, IL
Indiana
Allen County
Fort Wayne, IN
Delaware County
Muncie, IN
Elkhart County
Elkhart, IN; Goshen, IN
Floyd County
New Albany, IN
Howard County
Kokomo, IN
Lake County
East Chicago, IN; Gary, IN
Madison County
Anderson, IN
Marion County
Indianapolis, IN
Monroe County
Bloomington, IN
St. Joseph County
South Bend, IN
Tippecanoe County
Lafayette, IN
Vanderburgh County
Evansville, IN
Vigo County
Terre Haute, IN
Iowa
Black Hawk County
Cedar Falls, IA; Waterloo, IA
Dubuque County
Dubuque, IA
Johnson County
Iowa City, IA
Linn County
Cedar Rapids, IA
Polk County
Des Moines, IA
Pottawattamie County
Council Bluffs, IA
Scott County
Davenport, IA
Woodbury County
Sioux City, IA
Kansas
Douglas County
Lawrence, KS
Johnson County
Olathe, KS
Leavenworth County
Leavenworth, KS
Sedgwick County
Wichita, KS
Shawnee County
Topeka, KS
Wyandotte County
Kansas City, KS
Kentucky
Boyd County
Ashland, KY
Christian County
Hopkinsville, KY
Daviess County
Owensboro, KY
Fayette County
Lexington-Fayette, KY
Henderson County
Henderson, KY
Jefferson County
Louisville, KY
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-3
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
445
13,918
229
2,420
1,098
277
1,679
302
701
391
485
394
521
702
346
1,305
726
-5,054
-232,921
-1,068
38,631
-187
1,045
16,535
3,626
9,695
2,975
2,975
3,213
7,850
-6,664
7,170
15,644
8,196
-4,609
-219,003
-839
41,052
911
1,323
18,214
3,928
10,396
3,366
3,460
3,607
8,371
-5,963
7,516
16,950
8,922
-0.4%
-0.6%
-0.1%
0.7%
0.0%
0.2%
0.4%
0.5%
0.6%
0.3%
0.3%
0.4%
0.6%
-0.3%
0.9%
0.5%
0.5%
28,016
10,274
15,590
6,544
7,432
41,645
11,630
72,056
10,311
23,003
12,472
14,945
9,272
-289
-550
817
319
674
-13,603
1,341
-43,923
-3,810
-1,388
-6,074
820
101
27,727
9,724
16,407
6,862
8,106
28,042
12,971
28,133
6,500
21,615
6,398
15,765
9,373
1.5%
1.4%
1.6%
1.6%
1.7%
1.0%
1.7%
0.6%
1.0%
1.4%
0.8%
1.6%
1.5%
11,938
8,704
10,337
18,391
36,398
8,566
15,813
10,104
-1,258
1,289
-5,921
1,409
-7,797
118
-4,779
-784
10,680
9,993
4,416
19,800
28,601
8,683
11,033
9,321
1.3%
1.7%
0.6%
1.6%
1.2%
1.5%
1.0%
1.4%
6,588
30,705
5,032
31,577
11,417
10,484
-3,031
4,725
343
-8,530
1,061
-5,544
3,557
35,431
5,375
23,047
12,478
4,941
0.7%
1.5%
1.4%
0.9%
1.4%
0.6%
643
956
1,204
3,206
586
8,794
2,455
-4,339
2,398
-9,868
513
-10,257
3,097
-3,383
3,603
-6,662
1,099
-1,463
0.6%
-0.5%
0.4%
-0.3%
0.2%
0.0%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Louisiana
Bossier Parish
Shreveport (part), LA; Bossier City, LA
Caddo Parish
Shreveport (part), LA
Calcasieu Parish
Lake Charles, LA
East Baton Rouge Parish Baton Rouge, LA
Lafayette Parish
Lafayette, LA
Orleans Parish
New Orleans, LA
Ouachita Parish
Monroe, LA
Rapides Parish
Alexandria, LA
St. Tammany Parish
Slidell, LA
Terrebonne Parish
Houma, LA
Maine
Androscoggin County
Auburn city, ME; Lewiston city, ME
Cumberland County
Portland city, ME
Penobscot County
Bangor city, ME
Maryland
Allegany County
Cumberland, MD
Anne Arundel County
Annapolis, MD
Baltimore city
Baltimore, MD
Frederick County
Frederick, MD
Washington County
Hagerstown, MD
Massachusetts
Barnstable County
Barnstable city, MA; Yarmouth town, MA
Berkshire County
Pittsfield city, MA
Bristol County
Attleboro city, MA; Fall River city, MA; New Bedford city, MA
Essex County
Gloucester city, MA; Lawrence city, MA; Lynn city, MA
Hampden County
Holyoke city, MA; Springfield city, MA; Westfield city, MA
Hampshire County
Northampton city, MA
Middlesex County
Cambridge city, MA; Lowell city, MA; Waltham city, MA
Plymouth County
Brockton city, MA
Suffolk County
Boston city, MA
Worcester County
Fitchburg city, MA; Leominster city, MA; Worcester city, MA
Michigan
Allegan County
Holland (part), MI
Bay County
Midland (part), MI; Bay City, MI
Calhoun County
Battle Creek, MI
Eaton County
Lansing (part), MI
Genesee County
Flint, MI
Ingham County
Lansing (part), MI; East Lansing, MI
Jackson County
Jackson, MI
Kalamazoo County
Kalamazoo, MI
Kent County
Grand Rapids, MI
Midland County
Midland (part), MI
Muskegon County
Muskegon, MI
Oakland County
Pontiac, MI
Ottawa County
Holland (part), MI
Saginaw County
Saginaw, MI
St. Clair County
Port Huron, MI
Washtenaw County
Ann Arbor, MI
Wayne County
Detroit, MI; Dearborn, MI
Minnesota
Benton County
St Cloud (part), MN
Clay County
Moorhead, MN
Hennepin County
Minneapolis, MN
Olmsted County
Rochester, MN
Ramsey County
St Paul, MN
St. Louis County
Duluth, MN
Stearns County
St Cloud (part), MN
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-4
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-3,969
-10,046
-7,629
-16,590
-8,001
-19,140
-6,167
-5,225
-8,378
-4,423
-626
-7,910
10,932
-21,755
3,637
-64,675
4,272
4,892
13,118
6,145
-4,595
-17,957
3,303
-38,345
-4,364
-83,815
-1,895
-334
4,740
1,722
-0.4%
-0.7%
0.2%
-0.9%
-0.2%
-1.6%
-0.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%
12,275
31,339
17,293
-1,191
-3,919
-590
11,084
27,420
16,703
0.9%
0.9%
1.0%
-117
-814
-1,035
-328
-214
4,365
13,433
-46,056
6,874
5,728
4,247
12,619
-47,091
6,546
5,514
1.0%
0.4%
-1.2%
0.5%
0.7%
762
468
1,856
2,528
1,566
535
5,111
1,696
2,295
2,636
-611
-2,071
-1,905
15,745
-4,137
-5,113
55,473
16,958
-156,352
-110
151
-1,603
-49
18,273
-2,571
-4,578
60,584
18,654
-154,058
2,526
0.0%
-0.1%
0.0%
0.3%
-0.1%
-0.3%
0.4%
0.4%
-2.4%
0.0%
11,667
12,236
15,941
11,531
49,199
31,985
17,661
25,891
62,291
9,311
18,932
134,286
26,103
23,515
18,250
34,503
240,277
3,845
4,588
1,863
2,113
-9,219
-17,497
5,270
-365
-2,424
3,563
2,404
23,334
5,691
-1,822
6,630
-10,850
-142,597
15,512
16,823
17,805
13,644
39,980
14,489
22,931
25,526
59,867
12,875
21,337
157,620
31,794
21,693
24,880
23,652
97,680
2.0%
2.1%
1.7%
1.8%
1.2%
0.7%
2.0%
1.5%
1.5%
2.1%
1.7%
1.8%
1.9%
1.4%
2.1%
1.0%
0.6%
4,851
7,166
147,936
16,485
67,308
26,572
17,989
849
-324
-37,335
1,396
-21,585
4,707
854
5,700
6,842
110,601
17,881
45,723
31,280
18,843
2.5%
2.0%
1.6%
2.3%
1.4%
2.5%
2.2%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Mississippi
Forrest County
Hattiesburg (part), MS
Harrison County
Biloxi, MS; Gulfport, MS
Hinds County
Jackson (part), MS
Jackson County
Pascagoula, MS
Lamar County
Hattiesburg (part), MS
Madison County
Jackson (part), MS
Rankin County
Jackson (part), MS
Missouri
Boone County
Columbia, MO
Buchanan County
St Joseph, MO
Cass County
Kansas City (part), MO
Christian County
Springfield (part), MO
Clay County
Kansas City (part), MO
Greene County
Springfield (part), MO
Jackson County
Kansas City (part), MO
Jasper County
Joplin (part), MO
Newton County
Joplin (part), MO
Platte County
Kansas City (part), MO
St. Charles County
St Charles, MO
St. Louis city
St Louis, MO
Montana
Cascade County
Great Falls, MT
Missoula County
Missoula, MT
Yellowstone County
Billings, MT
Nebraska
Douglas County
Omaha, NE
Lancaster County
Lincoln, NE
Nevada
Clark County
Las Vegas, NV
Washoe County
Reno, NV
New Hampshire
Hillsborough County
Manchester city, NH; Nashua city, NH
Rockingham County
Portsmouth city, NH
Strafford County
Rochester city, NH
New Jersey
Atlantic County
Atlantic City, NJ
Camden County
Camden, NJ
Cumberland County
Bridgeton, NJ; Millville, NJ; Vineland, NJ
Essex County
Newark, NJ
Hudson County
Bayonne, NJ; Jersey City, NJ
Mercer County
Trenton, NJ
Morris County
Dover, NJ
New Mexico
Bernalillo County
Albuquerque, NM
Dona Ana County
Las Cruces, NM
Santa Fe County
Santa Fe, NM
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-5
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-1,688
-4,036
-5,421
-3,013
-866
-1,736
-2,589
75
4,842
-17,898
7,547
1,925
-2,399
5,810
-1,613
805
-23,319
4,533
1,059
-4,135
3,220
-0.2%
0.0%
-0.9%
0.3%
0.3%
-0.5%
0.3%
16,143
9,851
10,314
6,548
22,037
28,026
79,783
12,354
6,111
8,875
34,974
39,403
-7,017
1,747
2,250
2,513
678
2,843
-36,813
2,844
2,019
-916
4,983
-47,672
9,125
11,599
12,564
9,060
22,715
30,869
42,970
15,198
8,130
7,958
39,957
-8,268
0.8%
1.7%
1.7%
2.0%
1.5%
1.6%
0.8%
1.7%
1.9%
1.3%
1.6%
-0.3%
-2,223
-2,563
-3,629
2,202
654
4,341
-21
-1,908
712
0.0%
-0.3%
0.1%
45,779
24,554
-9,396
-26
36,383
24,528
1.0%
1.3%
-15,055
-3,882
2,768
-818
-12,287
-4,699
-0.3%
-0.4%
952
716
283
-471
2,405
251
481
3,120
534
0.0%
0.2%
0.1%
710
1,488
413
2,192
1,616
980
1,378
-9,931
14,949
-6,134
-133,833
-112,231
-8,391
42,477
-9,221
16,437
-5,721
-131,641
-110,615
-7,410
43,854
-0.5%
0.4%
-0.5%
-2.3%
-2.6%
-0.3%
1.3%
-47,734
-15,722
-11,515
39,267
-1,958
7,872
-8,467
-17,679
-3,643
-0.2%
-1.1%
-0.3%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
New York
Albany County
Albany, NY
Bronx County
Borough of the Bronx, NY
Broome County
Binghamton, NY
Cayuga County
Auburn, NY
Chautauqua County
Jamestown, NY
Chemung County
Elmira, NY
Dutchess County
Poughkeepsie, NY
Erie County
Buffalo, NY
Kings County
Borough of Brooklyn, NY
Monroe County
Rochester, NY
New York County
Borough of Manhattan, NY
Niagara County
Niagara Falls, NY
Oneida County
Rome, NY; Utica, NY
Onondaga County
Syracuse, NY
Orange County
Newburgh, NY
Queens County
Borough of Queens, NY
Rensselaer County
Troy, NY
Richmond County
Borough of Staten Island, NY
Saratoga County
Saratoga Springs, NY
Schenectady County
Schenectady, NY
Warren County
Glens Falls, NY
North Carolina
Alamance County
Burlington, NC
Buncombe County
Asheville, NC
Burke County
Hickory (part), NC; Morganton, NC
Cabarrus County
Concord, NC; Kannapolis, NC
Caldwell County
Lenoir, NC
Catawba County
Hickory (part), NC
Cumberland County
Fayetteville, NC
Davidson County
High Point (part), NC
Durham County
Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC
Edgecombe County
Rocky Mount (part), NC
Forsyth County
Winston-Salem, NC; High Point, NC
Gaston County
Gastonia, NC
Guilford County
Greensboro, NC; High Point, NC
Mecklenburg County
Charlotte, NC
Nash County
Rocky Mount (part), NC
New Hanover County
Wilmington, NC
Onslow County
Jacksonville, NC
Orange County
Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC
Pitt County
Greenville, NC
Randolph County
High Point (part), NC
Rowan County
Kannapolis, NC
Wake County
Raleigh, NC
Wayne County
Goldsboro, NC
North Dakota
Burleigh County
Bismarck, ND
Cass County
Fargo, ND
Grand Forks County
Grand Forks, ND
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-6
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-29
-118
-19
-8
-13
-9
-26
-90
-223
-70
-154
-21
-22
-44
-33
-197
-15
-40
-20
-14
-6
57,996
-760,810
32,535
14,196
20,583
18,121
36,834
233,948
-963,599
151,187
-643,618
62,835
34,048
111,357
34,048
-251,426
31,804
110,132
49,095
52,339
11,656
57,968
-760,928
32,516
14,188
20,570
18,113
36,808
233,857
-963,822
151,117
-643,772
62,814
34,026
111,313
34,015
-251,623
31,790
110,091
49,075
52,324
11,650
1.2%
-3.5%
1.0%
1.0%
0.9%
1.2%
0.8%
1.5%
-2.4%
1.2%
-2.3%
1.7%
0.9%
1.4%
0.6%
-0.7%
1.2%
1.6%
1.4%
2.2%
1.1%
-2,068
-3,382
-1,428
-2,131
-1,313
-2,300
-4,705
-2,455
-3,492
-932
-4,955
-3,158
-6,718
-11,137
-1,604
-2,671
-2,302
-1,914
-2,221
-2,116
-2,191
-10,271
-1,922
4,613
9,916
3,396
6,591
3,144
5,460
-7,382
5,380
-5,003
-2,800
5,703
5,211
3,981
-25,618
-1,270
2,552
-3,902
-6,741
-6,089
5,609
3,992
-17,608
-1,317
2,545
6,534
1,967
4,460
1,831
3,160
-12,087
2,925
-8,495
-3,732
748
2,052
-2,737
-36,755
-2,874
-119
-6,204
-8,655
-8,311
3,493
1,801
-27,879
-3,239
0.2%
0.4%
0.3%
0.4%
0.3%
0.3%
-0.5%
0.2%
-0.5%
-0.8%
0.0%
0.1%
-0.1%
-0.6%
-0.3%
0.0%
-0.5%
-0.8%
-0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
-0.5%
-0.3%
4,303
7,560
4,155
2,435
1,473
-1,386
6,738
9,032
2,769
1.2%
0.9%
0.5%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Ohio
Allen County
Lima, OH
Butler County
Hamilton, OH; Middletown, OH
Clark County
Springfield, OH
Cuyahoga County
Cleveland, OH
Fairfield County
Columbus (part), OH; Lancaster, OH
Franklin County
Columbus (part), OH; Springfield, OR
Greene County
Fairborn, OH
Hamilton County
Cincinnati, OH
Jefferson County
Steubenville, OH
Licking County
Newark, OH
Lorain County
Elyria, OH; Lorain, OH
Lucas County
Toledo, OH
Mahoning County
Youngstown (part), OH
Montgomery County
Dayton, OH
Portage County
Kent, OH
Richland County
Mansfield, OH
Stark County
Canton, OH; Massillon, OH
Summit County
Akron, OH
Trumbull County
Youngstown (part), OH; Warren, OH
Washington County
Marietta, OH
Wood County
Bowling Green, OH
Oklahoma
Canadian County
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Cleveland County
Oklahoma City (part), OK; Norman, OK
Comanche County
Lawton, OK
Garfield County
Enid, OK
McClain County
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Oklahoma County
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Osage County
Tulsa (part), OK
Pottawatomie County
Oklahoma City (part), OK; Shawnee, OK
Rogers County
Tulsa (part), OK
Tulsa County
Tulsa (part), OK
Oregon
Benton County
Corvallis, OR
Clackamas County
Portland (part), OR
Jackson County
Ashland, OR; Medford, OR
Lane County
Eugene, OR; Springfield, OR
Marion County
Salem (part), OR
Multnomah County
Portland (part), OR
Polk County
Salem (part), OR
Washington County
Portland (part), OR
Pennsylvania
Allegheny County
Pittsburgh, PA
Berks County
Reading, PA
Blair County
Altoona,PA
Cambria County
Johnstown, PA
Centre County
State College, PA
Cumberland County
Carlisle, PA
Dauphin County
Harrisburg, PA
Erie County
Erie, PA
Lackawanna County
Scranton, PA
Lancaster County
Lancaster, PA
Lebanon County
Lebanon, PA
Lehigh County
Allentown, PA; Bethlehem, PA
Luzerne County
Wilkes-Barre, PA
Lycoming County
Williamsport, PA
Mercer County
Sharon, PA
Northampton County
Bethlehem, PA
Philadelphia County
Philadelphia, PA
York County
York, PA
Rhode Island
Kent County
Warwick city, RI
Providence County
Pawtucket city, RI; Providence city, RI; Woonsocket city, RI
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-7
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
11,681
37,369
15,884
150,531
14,220
113,653
16,356
92,437
8,035
15,252
31,206
48,796
27,715
60,833
16,834
14,005
41,078
59,616
24,618
6,991
13,279
1,816
5,297
2,791
-53,106
6,144
-67,859
-268
-39,368
3,180
5,698
1,638
-13,466
671
-20,468
-244
3,782
10,480
-4,796
5,407
3,134
1,221
13,497
42,665
18,676
97,426
20,364
45,795
16,088
53,069
11,215
20,949
32,844
35,330
28,387
40,366
16,590
17,787
51,558
54,820
30,024
10,125
14,500
1.6%
1.6%
1.6%
0.9%
2.0%
0.6%
1.4%
0.8%
2.0%
1.9%
1.5%
1.0%
1.4%
0.9%
1.4%
1.8%
1.8%
1.3%
1.7%
2.0%
1.5%
-367
-866
-478
-236
-113
-2,683
-182
-264
-299
-2,312
2,092
-3,303
-1,776
1,003
524
-19,048
-3,828
1,482
2,552
-4,303
1,725
-4,169
-2,253
767
412
-21,731
-4,010
1,218
2,253
-6,615
0.3%
-0.3%
-0.3%
0.2%
0.2%
-0.5%
-1.4%
0.3%
0.5%
-0.2%
-1,323
-5,821
-2,992
-5,363
-4,597
-10,697
-1,073
-7,027
-6,883
19,775
-1,068
-6,256
-7,845
5,540
-1,044
13,615
-8,206
13,954
-4,060
-11,619
-12,443
-5,157
-2,117
6,588
-1.5%
0.6%
-0.3%
-0.5%
-0.7%
-0.1%
-0.5%
0.2%
241,206
69,254
25,083
29,670
25,878
40,726
47,697
53,178
39,536
89,235
22,706
57,832
59,564
22,465
23,490
50,188
271,875
73,373
59,908
-9,388
-32
-1,639
-13,777
6,632
-8,781
-6,123
20,699
-21,366
-3,257
16,417
24,182
-2,639
-1,417
7,440
-178,965
-4,784
301,114
59,866
25,051
28,031
12,101
47,357
38,917
47,056
60,235
67,869
19,450
74,249
83,746
19,827
22,072
57,628
92,910
68,589
2.8%
1.9%
2.3%
2.1%
1.0%
2.6%
1.8%
2.0%
3.5%
1.7%
1.9%
2.9%
3.2%
2.0%
2.1%
2.6%
0.8%
2.1%
40,618
144,316
26,311
-19,502
66,929
124,814
3.8%
1.9%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
South Carolina
Aiken County
Aiken, SC
Anderson County
Anderson, SC
Berkeley County
North Charleston (part), SC
Charleston County
Charleston, SC; North Charleston, SC
Dorchester County
North Charleston (part), SC
Florence County
Florence, SC
Greenville County
Greenville, SC
Horry County
Myrtle Beach, SC
Richland County
Columbia, SC
Spartanburg County
Spartanburg, SC
Sumter County
Sumter, SC
York County
Rock Hill, SC
South Dakota
Lincoln County
Sioux Falls (part), SD
Minnehaha County
Sioux Falls (part), SD
Pennington County
Rapid City, SD
Tennessee
Anderson County
Oak Ridge (part), TN
Carter County
Johnson City (part), TN
Davidson County
Nashville-Davidson, TN
Hamilton County
Chattanooga, TN
Hawkins County
Kingsport, TN
Knox County
Knoxville, TN
Madison County
Jackson, TN
Montgomery County
Clarksville, TN
Rutherford County
Murfreesboro, TN
Shelby County
Memphis, TN
Sullivan County
Johnson City (part), TN; Kingsport, TN; Bristol, TN
Washington County
Johnson City (part), TN
Texas
Archer County
Wichita Falls (part), TX
Bell County
Killeen, TX; Temple, TX
Bexar County
San Antonio, TX
Bowie County
Texarkana, TX
Brazos County
Bryan, TX; College Station, TX
Caldwell County
San Marcos (part), TX
Cameron County
Brownsville, TX; Harlingen, TX; San Benito, TX
Chambers County
Baytown, TX
Collin County
Dallas (part), TX
Comal County
New Braunfels (part), TX
Dallas County
Dallas (part), TX; Irving, TX
Denton County
Dallas (part), TX; Denton, TX
Ector County
Odessa (part), TX
El Paso County
El Paso, TX
Fort Bend County
Houston (part), TX
Galveston County
Galveston, TX; Texas City, TX
Grayson County
Denison, TX; Sherman, TX
Gregg County
Longview (part), TX
Guadalupe County
New Braunfels (part), TX
Harris County
Houston (part), TX; Baytown, TX
Harrison County
Longview (part), TX; Marshall, TX
Hays County
San Marcos (part), TX
Hidalgo County
Edinburg, TX; McAllen, TX; Mission, TX
Jefferson County
Beaumont, TX; Port Arthur, TX
Kaufman County
Dallas (part), TX
Lubbock County
Lubbock, TX
McLennan County
Waco, TX
Midland County
Odessa (part), TX; Midland (part), TX
Montgomery County
Houston (part), TX; Conroe, TX
Nueces County
Corpus Christi (part), TX
Potter County
Amarillo (part), TX
Randall County
Amarillo (part), TX
Rockwall County
Dallas (part), TX
San Patricio County
Corpus Christi (part), TX
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-8
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-2,865
-3,446
-2,869
-6,702
-1,858
-2,666
-7,555
-3,819
-6,488
-5,273
-2,262
-3,348
1,342
9,458
-6,569
-16,243
-1,343
-268
12,419
4,449
-16,592
8,639
-2,425
5,046
-1,522
6,012
-9,438
-22,945
-3,201
-2,935
4,864
630
-23,080
3,366
-4,687
1,698
-0.1%
0.4%
-0.8%
-0.8%
-0.4%
-0.3%
0.1%
0.0%
-0.8%
0.1%
-0.5%
0.1%
935
6,328
3,792
1,634
7,476
2,242
2,569
13,804
6,034
1.6%
1.3%
0.9%
-209
-157
-1,559
-860
-149
-1,088
-254
-387
-522
-2,530
-443
-305
2,739
3,396
-25,789
-1,448
2,859
1,792
-412
-3,100
-1,309
-75,973
9,402
3,253
2,531
3,240
-27,348
-2,308
2,710
704
-666
-3,487
-1,831
-78,503
8,958
2,948
0.4%
0.6%
-0.5%
-0.1%
0.5%
0.0%
-0.1%
-0.3%
-0.1%
-0.9%
0.6%
0.3%
-800
-21,800
-127,868
-7,976
-12,784
-3,160
-30,906
-2,343
-45,514
-7,474
-196,613
-39,323
-11,836
-66,121
-34,623
-23,750
-9,947
-10,956
-7,886
-307,564
-5,738
-8,874
-50,315
-22,939
-6,583
-21,575
-19,500
-11,510
-28,321
-29,491
-10,448
-9,675
-3,851
-6,867
649
6,447
-88,647
6,960
-3,921
-792
-7,444
1,175
30,150
6,327
-59,269
19,833
7,810
-67,398
12,755
14,519
9,040
7,848
1,877
-145,462
3,992
-1,393
-48,871
17,610
5,496
5,635
8,964
8,087
19,437
-18,966
5,977
8,972
3,236
-2,379
-151
-15,353
-216,515
-1,017
-16,705
-3,952
-38,350
-1,168
-15,364
-1,147
-255,883
-19,490
-4,025
-133,519
-21,868
-9,232
-908
-3,108
-6,009
-453,026
-1,746
-10,266
-99,185
-5,329
-1,087
-15,940
-10,536
-3,423
-8,884
-48,456
-4,471
-703
-615
-9,245
-0.3%
-1.0%
-2.4%
-0.2%
-1.9%
-1.8%
-1.8%
-0.7%
-0.5%
-0.2%
-1.8%
-0.7%
-0.5%
-2.8%
-0.9%
-0.6%
-0.1%
-0.4%
-1.1%
-2.1%
-0.4%
-1.6%
-2.8%
-0.3%
-0.2%
-1.1%
-0.8%
-0.4%
-0.5%
-2.3%
-0.6%
-0.1%
-0.2%
-1.9%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Texas, cont.
Smith County
Tyler, TX
Tarrant County
Fort Worth, TX; Arlington, TX
Taylor County
Abilene (part), TX
Tom Green County
San Angelo, TX
Travis County
Austin (part), TX
Victoria County
Victoria, TX
Webb County
Laredo, TX
Wichita County
Wichita Falls (part), TX
Williamson County
Austin (part), TX
Utah
Davis County
Clearfield, UT
Salt Lake County
Salt Lake City, UT
Utah County
Orem, UT; Provo, UT
Weber County
Ogden, UT
Vermont
Chittenden County
Burlington city, VT
Virginia
Arlington County
Arlington, VA
Bristol city
Bristol, VA
Charlottesville city
Charlottesville, VA
Danville city
Danville, VA
Fredericksburg city
Fredericksburg, VA
Hampton city
Hampton, VA
Lynchburg city
Lynchburg, VA
Newport News city
Newport News, VA
Norfolk city
Norfolk, VA
Petersburg city
Petersburg, VA
Portsmouth city
Portsmouth, VA
Richmond city
Richmond, VA
Roanoke city
Roanoke, VA
Suffolk city
Suffolk, VA
Virginia Beach city
Virginia Beach, VA
Washington
Benton County
Kennewick, WA; Richland, WA
Clark County
Vancouver, WA
Franklin County
Pasco, WA
King County
Bellevue, WA; Seattle, WA
Kitsap County
Bremerton, WA
Pierce County
Tacoma, WA
Snohomish County
Everett, WA
Spokane County
Spokane, WA
Thurston County
Olympia, WA
Whatcom County
Bellingham, WA
Yakima County
Yakima, WA
West Virginia
Brooke County
Weirton (part), WV
Cabell County
Huntington (part), WV
Hancock County
Weirton (part), WV
Kanawha County
Charleston, WV
Marshall County
Wheeling, WV
Wayne County
Huntington (part), WV
Wood County
Parkersburg, WV
Footnotes appear at end of table.
Appendix H-9
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
-16,425
-131,901
-11,519
-9,679
-69,743
-7,859
-18,189
-12,326
-23,626
10,266
18,733
7,043
5,407
-38,740
2,246
-982
10,134
10,161
-6,159
-113,168
-4,476
-4,271
-108,483
-5,612
-19,171
-2,192
-13,465
-0.5%
-1.2%
-0.6%
-0.6%
-2.2%
-1.0%
-1.5%
-0.3%
-0.8%
89
320
129
69
8,480
22,738
-18,641
4,876
8,569
23,058
-18,512
4,945
0.7%
0.5%
-1.0%
0.5%
10,868
2,349
13,217
0.8%
-4,509
-439
-956
-1,276
-567
-3,490
-1,659
-4,568
-5,196
-863
-2,477
-4,856
-2,364
-1,664
-11,217
-8,517
569
-1,014
689
-526
-4,095
513
-7,677
-8,810
-10
-3,378
-7,352
1,460
-1,217
-4,554
-13,026
129
-1,970
-587
-1,093
-7,585
-1,146
-12,245
-14,005
-873
-5,855
-12,208
-904
-2,881
-15,771
-1.7%
0.2%
-1.2%
-0.3%
-1.2%
-1.3%
-0.4%
-1.6%
-1.6%
-0.6%
-1.4%
-1.5%
-0.2%
-1.1%
-0.9%
-3,010
-7,503
-1,001
-35,791
-5,179
-14,776
-13,213
-8,956
-4,533
-3,502
-4,679
-3,664
13,897
-5,694
28,976
-2,129
-287
25,113
17,914
-938
-6,195
-25,978
-6,674
6,394
-6,695
-6,815
-7,307
-15,063
11,900
8,958
-5,471
-9,696
-30,657
-0.7%
0.3%
-2.1%
-0.1%
-0.4%
-0.3%
0.3%
0.3%
-0.4%
-0.9%
-2.0%
779
2,832
1,018
6,064
1,058
1,270
2,621
730
-507
1,274
1,234
1,407
720
2,455
1,509
2,325
2,291
7,298
2,465
1,990
5,076
0.5%
0.2%
0.6%
0.3%
0.6%
0.4%
0.5%
Appendix H. Estimated Funding Effect of Census 2000 Undercount by County containing Central Cities of MSAs, continued
Between-State Within-State
State, County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Effects
(Thousands)
Wisconsin
Brown County
Green Bay, WI
Calumet County
Appleton (part), WI
Chippewa County
Eau Claire (part), WI
Dane County
Madison, WI
Douglas County
Superior, WI
Eau Claire County
Eau Claire (part), WI
Kenosha County
Kenosha, WI
La Crosse County
La Crosse, WI
Marathon County
Wausau, WI
Milwaukee County
Milwaukee (part), WI
Outagamie County
Appleton (part), WI
Racine County
Racine, WI
Rock County
Beloit, WI; Janesville, WI
Sheboygan County
Sheboygan, WI
Washington County
Milwaukee (part), WI
Waukesha County
Milwaukee (part), WI; Waukesha, WI
Winnebago County
Appleton (part), WI; Neenah, WI; Oshkosh, WI
Wyoming
Laramie County
Cheyenne, WY
Natrona County
Casper, WY
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers calculations.
Net Effect
Amount
1
Percent
(Thousands) (Thousands
Effects
20,264
3,614
5,050
40,547
3,973
8,314
13,622
9,554
11,513
84,186
14,721
17,435
14,144
10,271
10,887
33,518
13,970
3,029
1,609
2,080
-7,805
1,465
-69
440
2
3,193
-77,653
2,163
-2,051
1,836
1,745
4,368
11,315
2,664
23,293
5,224
7,130
32,742
5,438
8,245
14,062
9,556
14,705
6,532
16,883
15,384
15,979
12,016
15,255
44,833
16,634
1.6%
2.0%
2.0%
1.1%
1.9%
1.4%
1.4%
1.4%
1.8%
0.1%
1.6%
1.2%
1.6%
1.6%
2.0%
1.9%
1.7%
-2,039
-1,600
593
1,535
-1,446
-66
-0.3%
0.0%
1
Net Effect as a percent of the adjusted funding level under the eight programs over 2002-2012.
2
Naples, Florida (Collier County) successfully protested its official census count from 1990. Figures used in this report represent the original figures.
Appendix H-10
Appendix I: Metropolitan Areas with Center Counties and Central Cities
Appendix I. Metropolitan Areas with Center Counties and Central Cities
State, MSA
Alabama
Anniston, AL MSA
Dothan, AL MSA
Gadsden, AL MSA
Dothan, AL MSA
Birmingham, AL MSA
Florence, AL MSA
Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA
Huntsville, AL MSA
Huntsville, AL MSA
Mobile, AL MSA
Montgomery, AL MSA
Decatur, AL MSA
Birmingham, AL MSA
Tuscaloosa, AL MSA
Alaska
Anchorage, AK MSA
Arizona
Flagstaff, AZ-UT MSA
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ MSA
Tucson, AZ MSA
Yuma, AZ MSA
Arkansas
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA
Jonesboro, AR MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA
Pine Bluff, AR MSA
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR MSA
Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR MSA
California
Oakland, CA PMSA
Chico-Paradise, CA MSA
Fresno, CA MSA
Bakersfield, CA MSA
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA PMSA
Fresno, CA MSA
Merced, CA MSA
Salinas, CA MSA
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA
Orange County, CA PMSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Calhoun County
Dale County
Etowah County
Houston County
Jefferson County
Lauderdale County
Lee County
Limestone County
Madison County
Mobile County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Shelby County
Tuscaloosa County
Anniston, AL
Dothan (part), AL
Gadsden, AL
Dothan (part), AL
Birmingham (part), AL
Florence, AL
Auburn, AL; Opelika, AL
Huntsville (part), AL
Huntsville (part), AL
Mobile, AL
Montgomery, AL
Decatur (part), AL
Birmingham (part), AL
Tuscaloosa, AL
Anchorage Borough
Anchorage, AK
Coconino County
Maricopa County
Pima County
Yuma County
Flagstaff, AZ
Mesa, AZ; Phoenix, AZ; Scottsdale, AZ; Tempe, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Yuma, AZ
Benton County
Craighead County
Crittenden County
Faulkner County
Jefferson County
Miller County
Pulaski County
Sebastian County
Washington County
Rogers, AR; Springdale (part), AR
Jonesboro, AR
West Memphis, AR
Conway, AR
Pine Bluff, AR
Texarkana, AR
Jacksonville, AR; Little Rock, AR; North Little Rock, AR
Fort Smith, AR
Fayetteville, AR; Springdale (part), AR
Alameda County
Butte County
Fresno County
Kern County
Los Angeles County
Madera County
Merced County
Monterey County
Napa County
Orange County
Alameda, CA; Berkeley, CA; Oakland, CA
Chico, CA; Paradise, CA
Fresno, CA
Bakersfield, CA
Lancaster, CA; Long Beach, CA; Los Angeles, CA; Pasadena, CA
Madera, CA
Merced, CA
Monterey, CA; Salinas, CA
Napa, CA
Anaheim, CA; Irvine, CA; Santa Ana, CA
Appendix I-1
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
California, continued
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA
Sacramento, CA PMSA
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA PMSA
San Diego, CA MSA
San Francisco, CA PMSA
Stockton-Lodi, CA MSA
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA MSA
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA MSA
San Jose, CA PMSA
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA PMSA
Redding, CA MSA
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA PMSA
Santa Rosa, CA PMSA
Modesto, CA MSA
Yuba City, CA MSA
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA MSA
Ventura, CA PMSA
Yolo, CA PMSA
Colorado
Boulder-Longmont, CO PMSA
Denver, CO PMSA
Colorado Springs, CO MSA
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA
Grand Junction, CO MSA
Pueblo, CO MSA
Greeley, CO PMSA
Connecticut
New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA
Hartford, CT NECMA
Hartford, CT NECMA
New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Waterbury-Danbury, CT NECMA
New London-Norwich, CT NECMA
Delaware
Dover, DE MSA
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD PMSA
District of Columbia
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
Florida
Gainesville, FL MSA
Panama City, FL MSA
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL MSA
Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Riverside County
Sacramento County
San Bernardino County
San Diego County
San Francisco County
San Joaquin County
San Luis Obispo County
Santa Barbara County
Santa Clara County
Santa Cruz County
Shasta County
Solano County
Sonoma County
Stanislaus County
Sutter County
Tulare County
Ventura County
Yolo County
Hemet, CA; Palm Desert, CA; Palm Springs, CA; Riverside, CA; Temecula, CA
Sacramento, CA
San Bernardino, CA
Coronado, CA; Escondido, CA; San Diego, CA
San Francisco, CA
Lodi, CA; Stockton, CA
Atascadero, CA; El Paso de Robles (Paso Robles), CA; San Luis Obispo, CA
Lompoc, CA; Santa Barbara, CA; Santa Maria, CA
Gilroy, CA; Palo Alto, CA; San Jose, CA; Santa Clara, CA; Sunnyvale, CA
Santa Cruz, CA; Watsonville, CA
Redding, CA
Fairfield, CA; Vallejo, CA
Petaluma, CA; Santa Rosa, CA
Modesto, CA; Turlock, CA
Yuba City, CA
Porterville, CA; Tulare, CA; Visalia, CA
San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA
Davis, CA; Woodland, CA
Boulder County
Denver County
El Paso County
Larimer County
Mesa County
Pueblo County
Weld County
Boulder, CO; Longmont, CO
Denver, CO
Colorado Springs, CO
Fort Collins, CO; Loveland, CO
Grand Junction, CO
Pueblo, CO
Greeley, CO
Fairfield County
Hartford County
Middlesex County
New Haven County
New London County
Bridgeport city, CT; Danbury city, CT; Norwalk city, CT; Stamford city, CT
Hartford city, CT
Middletown city, CT
Meriden city, CT; New Haven city, CT; Waterbury city, CT
New London city, CT; Norwich city, CT
Kent County
New Castle County
Dover, DE
Newark, DE; Wilmington, DE
District of Columbia
Washington, DC
Alachua County
Bay County
Brevard County
Broward County
Gainesville, FL
Panama City, FL
Melbourne, FL; Palm Bay, FL; Titusville, FL
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Appendix I-2
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Florida, continued
Punta Gorda, FL MSA
Naples, FL MSA
Jacksonville, FL MSA
Pensacola, FL MSA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA
Tallahassee, FL MSA
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA
Ocala, FL MSA
Miami, FL PMSA
Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA
Orlando, FL MSA
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL MSA
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL MSA
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA
Daytona Beach, FL MSA
Georgia
Macon, GA MSA
Savannah, GA MSA
Athens, GA MSA
Atlanta, GA MSA
Albany, GA MSA
Atlanta, GA MSA
Macon, GA MSA
Columbus, GA-AL MSA
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA
Hawaii
Honolulu, HI MSA
Idaho
Boise City, ID MSA
Pocatello, ID MSA
Boise City, ID MSA
Illinois
Champaign-Urbana, IL MSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Kankakee, IL PMSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Charlotte County
Collier County
Duval County
Escambia County
Hillsborough County
Lee County
Leon County
Manatee County
Marion County
Miami-Dade County
Okaloosa County
Orange County
Palm Beach County
Pinellas County
Polk County
Sarasota County
St. Lucie County
Volusia County
Punta Gorda, FL
Naples, FL
Jacksonville, FL
Pensacola, FL
Tampa, FL
Cape Coral, FL; Fort Myers, FL
Tallahassee, FL
Bradenton, FL
Ocala, FL
Miami, FL; Miami Beach, FL
Fort Walton Beach, FL
Orlando, FL
Boca Raton, FL; West Palm Beach, FL
Clearwater, FL; St Petersburg, FL
Lakeland, FL; Winter Haven, FL
Sarasota, FL
Fort Pierce, FL; Port St Lucie, FL
Daytona Beach, FL
Bibb County
Chatham County
Clarke County
DeKalb County
Dougherty County
Fulton County
Jones County
Muscogee County
Richmond County
Macon (part), GA
Savannah, GA
Athens-Clarke County, GA
Atlanta (part), GA
Albany, GA
Atlanta (part), GA
Macon (part), GA
Columbus, GA
Augusta-Richmond, GA
Honolulu County
Honolulu, HI
Ada County
Bannock County
Canyon County
Boise City, ID
Pocatello (part), ID
Nampa, ID
Champaign County
Cook County
DeKalb County
DuPage County
Kane County
Kankakee County
Lake County
Champaign, IL; Urbana, IL
Chicago (part), IL; Elgin, IL; Evanston, IL
DeKalb, IL
Chicago (part), IL; Aurora, IL
Elgin, IL; Aurora, IL
Kankakee, IL
North Chicago, IL
Appendix I-3
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Illinois, continued
Decatur, IL MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA
Bloomington-Normal, IL MSA
Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA
Springfield, IL MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA
Peoria-Pekin, IL MSA
Chicago, IL PMSA
Rockford, IL MSA
Indiana
Fort Wayne, IN MSA
Muncie, IN MSA
Elkhart-Goshen, IN MSA
Louisville, KY-IN MSA
Kokomo, IN MSA
Gary, IN PMSA
Indianapolis, IN MSA
Indianapolis, IN MSA
Bloomington, IN MSA
South Bend, IN MSA
Lafayette, IN MSA
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA
Terre Haute, IN MSA
Iowa
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA MSA
Dubuque, IA MSA
Iowa City, IA MSA
Cedar Rapids, IA MSA
Des Moines, IA MSA
Omaha, NE-IA MSA
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL MSA
Sioux City, IA-NE MSA
Kansas
Lawrence, KS MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
Wichita, KS MSA
Topeka, KS MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
Kentucky
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Macon County
Madison County
McLean County
Peoria County
Rock Island County
Sangamon County
St. Clair County
Tazewell County
Will County
Winnebago County
Decatur, IL
Alton, IL; Granite City, IL
Bloomington, IL; Normal, IL
Pekin (part), IL; Peoria, IL
Moline, IL; Rock Island, IL
Springfield, IL
Belleville, IL; East St Louis, IL
Pekin (part), IL
Joliet, IL
Rockford, IL
Allen County
Delaware County
Elkhart County
Floyd County
Howard County
Lake County
Madison County
Marion County
Monroe County
St. Joseph County
Tippecanoe County
Vanderburgh County
Vigo County
Fort Wayne, IN
Muncie, IN
Elkhart, IN; Goshen, IN
New Albany, IN
Kokomo, IN
East Chicago, IN; Gary, IN
Anderson, IN
Indianapolis, IN
Bloomington, IN
South Bend, IN
Lafayette, IN
Evansville, IN
Terre Haute, IN
Black Hawk County
Dubuque County
Johnson County
Linn County
Polk County
Pottawattamie County
Scott County
Woodbury County
Cedar Falls, IA; Waterloo, IA
Dubuque, IA
Iowa City, IA
Cedar Rapids, IA
Des Moines, IA
Council Bluffs, IA
Davenport, IA
Sioux City, IA
Douglas County
Johnson County
Leavenworth County
Sedgwick County
Shawnee County
Wyandotte County
Lawrence, KS
Olathe, KS
Leavenworth, KS
Wichita, KS
Topeka, KS
Kansas City, KS
Boyd County
Ashland, KY
Appendix I-4
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Kentucky, continued
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA
Owensboro, KY MSA
Lexington, KY MSA
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY MSA
Louisville, KY-IN MSA
Louisiana
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA MSA
Lake Charles, LA MSA
Baton Rouge, LA MSA
Lafayette, LA MSA
New Orleans, LA MSA
Monroe, LA MSA
Alexandria, LA MSA
New Orleans, LA MSA
Houma, LA MSA
Maine
Lewiston-Auburn, ME NECMA
Portland, ME NECMA
Bangor, ME NECMA
Maryland
Cumberland, MD-WV MSA
Baltimore, MD PMSA
Baltimore, MD PMSA
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
Hagerstown, MD PMSA
Massachusetts
Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA NECMA
Pittsfield, MA NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Springfield, MA NECMA
Springfield, MA NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Michigan
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA
Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Christian County
Daviess County
Fayette County
Henderson County
Jefferson County
Hopkinsville, KY
Owensboro, KY
Lexington-Fayette, KY
Henderson, KY
Louisville, KY
Bossier Parish
Caddo Parish
Calcasieu Parish
East Baton Rouge Parish
Lafayette Parish
Orleans Parish
Ouachita Parish
Rapides Parish
St. Tammany Parish
Terrebonne Parish
Shreveport (part), LA; Bossier City, LA
Shreveport (part), LA
Lake Charles, LA
Baton Rouge, LA
Lafayette, LA
New Orleans, LA
Monroe, LA
Alexandria, LA
Slidell, LA
Houma, LA
Androscoggin County
Cumberland County
Penobscot County
Auburn city, ME; Lewiston city, ME
Portland city, ME
Bangor city, ME
Allegany County
Anne Arundel County
Baltimore city
Frederick County
Washington County
Cumberland, MD
Annapolis, MD
Baltimore, MD
Frederick, MD
Hagerstown, MD
Barnstable County
Berkshire County
Bristol County
Essex County
Hampden County
Hampshire County
Middlesex County
Plymouth County
Suffolk County
Worcester County
Barnstable city, MA; Yarmouth town, MA
Pittsfield city, MA
Attleboro city, MA; Fall River city, MA; New Bedford city, MA
Gloucester city, MA; Lawrence city, MA; Lynn city, MA
Holyoke city, MA; Springfield city, MA; Westfield city, MA
Northampton city, MA
Cambridge city, MA; Lowell city, MA; Waltham city, MA
Brockton city, MA
Boston city, MA
Fitchburg city, MA; Leominster city, MA; Worcester city, MA
Allegan County
Bay County
Calhoun County
Eaton County
Holland (part), MI
Midland (part), MI; Bay City, MI
Battle Creek, MI
Lansing (part), MI
Appendix I-5
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Michigan, continued
Flint, MI PMSA
Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA
Jackson, MI MSA
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA
Detroit, MI PMSA
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI MSA
Detroit, MI PMSA
Ann Arbor, MI PMSA
Detroit, MI PMSA
Minnesota
St. Cloud, MN MSA
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA
Rochester, MN MSA
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI MSA
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA
St. Cloud, MN MSA
Mississippi
Hattiesburg, MS MSA
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA
Jackson, MS MSA
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS MSA
Hattiesburg, MS MSA
Jackson, MS MSA
Jackson, MS MSA
Missouri
Columbia, MO MSA
St. Joseph, MO MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
Springfield, MO MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
Springfield, MO MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
Joplin, MO MSA
Joplin, MO MSA
Kansas City, MO-KS MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA
St. Louis, MO-IL MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Genesee County
Ingham County
Jackson County
Kalamazoo County
Kent County
Midland County
Muskegon County
Oakland County
Ottawa County
Saginaw County
St. Clair County
Washtenaw County
Wayne County
Flint, MI
Lansing (part), MI; East Lansing, MI
Jackson, MI
Kalamazoo, MI
Grand Rapids, MI
Midland (part), MI
Muskegon, MI
Pontiac, MI
Holland (part), MI
Saginaw, MI
Port Huron, MI
Ann Arbor, MI
Detroit, MI; Dearborn, MI
Benton County
Clay County
Hennepin County
Olmsted County
Ramsey County
St. Louis County
Stearns County
St Cloud (part), MN
Moorhead, MN
Minneapolis, MN
Rochester, MN
St Paul, MN
Duluth, MN
St Cloud (part), MN
Forrest County
Harrison County
Hinds County
Jackson County
Lamar County
Madison County
Rankin County
Hattiesburg (part), MS
Biloxi, MS; Gulfport, MS
Jackson (part), MS
Pascagoula, MS
Hattiesburg (part), MS
Jackson (part), MS
Jackson (part), MS
Boone County
Buchanan County
Cass County
Christian County
Clay County
Greene County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Newton County
Platte County
St. Charles County
St. Louis city
Columbia, MO
St Joseph, MO
Kansas City (part), MO
Springfield (part), MO
Kansas City (part), MO
Springfield (part), MO
Kansas City (part), MO
Joplin (part), MO
Joplin (part), MO
Kansas City (part), MO
St Charles, MO
St Louis, MO
Appendix I-6
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Montana
Great Falls, MT MSA
Missoula, MT MSA
Billings, MT MSA
Nebraska
Omaha, NE-IA MSA
Lincoln, NE MSA
Nevada
Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA
Reno, NV MSA
New Hampshire
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, MA-NH NECMA
New Jersey
Atlantic-Cape May, NJ PMSA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ PMSA
Newark, NJ PMSA
Jersey City, NJ PMSA
Trenton, NJ PMSA
Newark, NJ PMSA
New Mexico
Albuquerque, NM MSA
Las Cruces, NM MSA
Santa Fe, NM MSA
New York
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA
New York, NY PMSA
Binghamton, NY MSA
Syracuse, NY MSA
Jamestown, NY MSA
Elmira, NY MSA
Dutchess County, NY PMSA
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA
New York, NY PMSA
Rochester, NY MSA
New York, NY PMSA
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA
Utica-Rome, NY MSA
Syracuse, NY MSA
Newburgh, NY-PA PMSA
New York, NY PMSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Cascade County
Missoula County
Yellowstone County
Great Falls, MT
Missoula, MT
Billings, MT
Douglas County
Lancaster County
Omaha, NE
Lincoln, NE
Clark County
Washoe County
Las Vegas, NV
Reno, NV
Hillsborough County
Rockingham County
Strafford County
Manchester city, NH; Nashua city, NH
Portsmouth city, NH
Rochester city, NH
Atlantic County
Camden County
Cumberland County
Essex County
Hudson County
Mercer County
Morris County
Atlantic City, NJ
Camden, NJ
Bridgeton, NJ; Millville, NJ; Vineland, NJ
Newark, NJ
Bayonne, NJ; Jersey City, NJ
Trenton, NJ
Dover, NJ
Bernalillo County
Dona Ana County
Santa Fe County
Albuquerque, NM
Las Cruces, NM
Santa Fe, NM
Albany County
Bronx County
Broome County
Cayuga County
Chautauqua County
Chemung County
Dutchess County
Erie County
Kings County
Monroe County
New York County
Niagara County
Oneida County
Onondaga County
Orange County
Queens County
Albany, NY
Borough of the Bronx, NY
Binghamton, NY
Auburn, NY
Jamestown, NY
Elmira, NY
Poughkeepsie, NY
Buffalo, NY
Borough of Brooklyn, NY
Rochester, NY
Borough of Manhattan, NY
Niagara Falls, NY
Rome, NY; Utica, NY
Syracuse, NY
Newburgh, NY
Borough of Queens, NY
Appendix I-7
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
New York, continued
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA
New York, NY PMSA
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY MSA
Glens Falls, NY MSA
North Carolina
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Asheville, NC MSA
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA
Fayetteville, NC MSA
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA
Rocky Mount, NC MSA
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA
Rocky Mount, NC MSA
Wilmington, NC MSA
Jacksonville, NC MSA
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA
Greenville, NC MSA
Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC MSA
Goldsboro, NC MSA
North Dakota
Bismarck, ND MSA
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN MSA
Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA
Ohio
Lima, OH MSA
Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSA
Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA
Columbus, OH MSA
Columbus, OH MSA
Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN PMSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Rensselaer County
Richmond County
Saratoga County
Schenectady County
Warren County
Troy, NY
Borough of Staten Island, NY
Saratoga Springs, NY
Schenectady, NY
Glens Falls, NY
Alamance County
Buncombe County
Burke County
Cabarrus County
Caldwell County
Catawba County
Cumberland County
Davidson County
Durham County
Edgecombe County
Forsyth County
Gaston County
Guilford County
Mecklenburg County
Nash County
New Hanover County
Onslow County
Orange County
Pitt County
Randolph County
Rowan County
Wake County
Wayne County
Burlington, NC
Asheville, NC
Hickory (part), NC; Morganton, NC
Concord, NC; Kannapolis, NC
Lenoir, NC
Hickory (part), NC
Fayetteville, NC
High Point (part), NC
Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC
Rocky Mount (part), NC
Winston-Salem, NC; High Point, NC
Gastonia, NC
Greensboro, NC; High Point, NC
Charlotte, NC
Rocky Mount (part), NC
Wilmington, NC
Jacksonville, NC
Chapel Hill (part), NC; Durham (part), NC
Greenville, NC
High Point (part), NC
Kannapolis, NC
Raleigh, NC
Goldsboro, NC
Burleigh County
Cass County
Grand Forks County
Bismarck, ND
Fargo, ND
Grand Forks, ND
Allen County
Butler County
Clark County
Cuyahoga County
Fairfield County
Franklin County
Greene County
Hamilton County
Lima, OH
Hamilton, OH; Middletown, OH
Springfield, OH
Cleveland, OH
Columbus (part), OH; Lancaster, OH
Columbus (part), OH; Springfield, OR
Fairborn, OH
Cincinnati, OH
Appendix I-8
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Ohio, continued
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA
Columbus, OH MSA
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH PMSA
Toledo, OH MSA
Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA
Dayton-Springfield, OH MSA
Akron, OH PMSA
Mansfield, OH MSA
Canton-Massillon, OH MSA
Akron, OH PMSA
Youngstown-Warren, OH MSA
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA
Toledo, OH MSA
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Lawton, OK MSA
Enid, OK MSA
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Tulsa, OK MSA
Oklahoma City, OK MSA
Tulsa, OK MSA
Tulsa, OK MSA
Oregon
Corvallis, OR MSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA
Medford-Ashland, OR MSA
Eugene-Springfield, OR MSA
Salem, OR PMSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA
Salem, OR PMSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA
Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh, PA MSA
Reading, PA MSA
Altoona, PA MSA
Johnstown, PA MSA
State College, PA MSA
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA
Erie, PA MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Jefferson County
Licking County
Lorain County
Lucas County
Mahoning County
Montgomery County
Portage County
Richland County
Stark County
Summit County
Trumbull County
Washington County
Wood County
Steubenville, OH
Newark, OH
Elyria, OH; Lorain, OH
Toledo, OH
Youngstown (part), OH
Dayton, OH
Kent, OH
Mansfield, OH
Canton, OH; Massillon, OH
Akron, OH
Youngstown (part), OH; Warren, OH
Marietta, OH
Bowling Green, OH
Canadian County
Cleveland County
Comanche County
Garfield County
McClain County
Oklahoma County
Osage County
Pottawatomie County
Rogers County
Tulsa County
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Oklahoma City (part), OK; Norman, OK
Lawton, OK
Enid, OK
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Oklahoma City (part), OK
Tulsa (part), OK
Oklahoma City (part), OK; Shawnee, OK
Tulsa (part), OK
Tulsa (part), OK
Benton County
Clackamas County
Jackson County
Lane County
Marion County
Multnomah County
Polk County
Washington County
Corvallis, OR
Portland (part), OR
Ashland, OR; Medford, OR
Eugene, OR; Springfield, OR
Salem (part), OR
Portland (part), OR
Salem (part), OR
Portland (part), OR
Allegheny County
Berks County
Blair County
Cambria County
Centre County
Cumberland County
Dauphin County
Erie County
Pittsburgh, PA
Reading, PA
Altoona,PA
Johnstown, PA
State College, PA
Carlisle, PA
Harrisburg, PA
Erie, PA
Appendix I-9
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Pennsylvania, continued
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA
Lancaster, PA MSA
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA
Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA MSA
Williamsport, PA MSA
Sharon, PA MSA
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA MSA
Philadelphia, PA-NJ PMSA
York, PA MSA
Rhode Island
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA
Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, RI NECMA
South Carolina
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC MSA
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA
Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA
Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA
Charleston-North Charleston, SC MSA
Florence, SC MSA
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA
Myrtle Beach, SC MSA
Columbia, SC MSA
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA
Sumter, SC MSA
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC MSA
South Dakota
Sioux Falls, SD MSA
Sioux Falls, SD MSA
Rapid City, SD MSA
Tennessee
Knoxville, TN MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA
Nashville, TN MSA
Chattanooga, TN-GA MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA
Knoxville, TN MSA
Jackson, TN MSA
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY MSA
Nashville, TN MSA
Memphis, TN-AR-MS MSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Lackawanna County
Lancaster County
Lebanon County
Lehigh County
Luzerne County
Lycoming County
Mercer County
Northampton County
Philadelphia County
York County
Scranton, PA
Lancaster, PA
Lebanon, PA
Allentown, PA; Bethlehem, PA
Wilkes-Barre, PA
Williamsport, PA
Sharon, PA
Bethlehem, PA
Philadelphia, PA
York, PA
Kent County
Providence County
Warwick city, RI
Pawtucket city, RI; Providence city, RI; Woonsocket city, RI
Aiken County
Anderson County
Berkeley County
Charleston County
Dorchester County
Florence County
Greenville County
Horry County
Richland County
Spartanburg County
Sumter County
York County
Aiken, SC
Anderson, SC
North Charleston (part), SC
Charleston, SC; North Charleston, SC
North Charleston (part), SC
Florence, SC
Greenville, SC
Myrtle Beach, SC
Columbia, SC
Spartanburg, SC
Sumter, SC
Rock Hill, SC
Lincoln County
Minnehaha County
Pennington County
Sioux Falls (part), SD
Sioux Falls (part), SD
Rapid City, SD
Anderson County
Carter County
Davidson County
Hamilton County
Hawkins County
Knox County
Madison County
Montgomery County
Rutherford County
Shelby County
Sullivan County
Oak Ridge (part), TN
Johnson City (part), TN
Nashville-Davidson, TN
Chattanooga, TN
Kingsport, TN
Knoxville, TN
Jackson, TN
Clarksville, TN
Murfreesboro, TN
Memphis, TN
Johnson City (part), TN; Kingsport, TN; Bristol, TN
Appendix I-10
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Tennessee, continued
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA
Texas
Wichita Falls, TX MSA
Killeen-Temple, TX MSA
San Antonio, TX MSA
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR MSA
Bryan-College Station, TX MSA
Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX MSA
Houston, TX PMSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
San Antonio, TX MSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
Odessa-Midland, TX MSA
El Paso, TX MSA
Houston, TX PMSA
Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA
Sherman-Denison, TX MSA
Longview-Marshall, TX MSA
San Antonio, TX MSA
Houston, TX PMSA
Longview-Marshall, TX MSA
Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX MSA
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX MSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
Lubbock, TX MSA
Waco, TX MSA
Odessa-Midland, TX MSA
Houston, TX PMSA
Corpus Christi, TX MSA
Amarillo, TX MSA
Amarillo, TX MSA
Dallas, TX PMSA
Corpus Christi, TX MSA
Tyler, TX MSA
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA
Abilene, TX MSA
San Angelo, TX MSA
Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
Victoria, TX MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Washington County
Johnson City (part), TN
Archer County
Bell County
Bexar County
Bowie County
Brazos County
Caldwell County
Cameron County
Chambers County
Collin County
Comal County
Dallas County
Denton County
Ector County
El Paso County
Fort Bend County
Galveston County
Grayson County
Gregg County
Guadalupe County
Harris County
Harrison County
Hays County
Hidalgo County
Jefferson County
Kaufman County
Lubbock County
McLennan County
Midland County
Montgomery County
Nueces County
Potter County
Randall County
Rockwall County
San Patricio County
Smith County
Tarrant County
Taylor County
Tom Green County
Travis County
Victoria County
Wichita Falls (part), TX
Killeen, TX; Temple, TX
San Antonio, TX
Texarkana, TX
Bryan, TX; College Station, TX
San Marcos (part), TX
Brownsville, TX; Harlingen, TX; San Benito, TX
Baytown, TX
Dallas (part), TX
New Braunfels (part), TX
Dallas (part), TX; Irving, TX
Dallas (part), TX; Denton, TX
Odessa (part), TX
El Paso, TX
Houston (part), TX
Galveston, TX; Texas City, TX
Denison, TX; Sherman, TX
Longview (part), TX
New Braunfels (part), TX
Houston (part), TX; Baytown, TX
Longview (part), TX; Marshall, TX
San Marcos (part), TX
Edinburg, TX; McAllen, TX; Mission, TX
Beaumont, TX; Port Arthur, TX
Dallas (part), TX
Lubbock, TX
Waco, TX
Odessa (part), TX; Midland (part), TX
Houston (part), TX; Conroe, TX
Corpus Christi (part), TX
Amarillo (part), TX
Amarillo (part), TX
Dallas (part), TX
Corpus Christi (part), TX
Tyler, TX
Fort Worth, TX; Arlington, TX
Abilene (part), TX
San Angelo, TX
Austin (part), TX
Victoria, TX
Appendix I-11
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
Texas, continued
Laredo, TX MSA
Wichita Falls, TX MSA
Austin-San Marcos, TX MSA
Utah
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA
Provo-Orem, UT MSA
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT MSA
Vermont
Burlington, VT NECMA
Virginia
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA
Charlottesville, VA MSA
Danville, VA MSA
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV PMSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA
Lynchburg, VA MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA
Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA
Richmond-Petersburg, VA MSA
Roanoke, VA MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC MSA
Washington
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA PMSA
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA MSA
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA
Bremerton, WA PMSA
Tacoma, WA PMSA
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA PMSA
Spokane, WA MSA
Olympia, WA PMSA
Bellingham, WA MSA
Yakima, WA MSA
West Virginia
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV MSA
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Webb County
Wichita County
Williamson County
Laredo, TX
Wichita Falls (part), TX
Austin (part), TX
Davis County
Salt Lake County
Utah County
Weber County
Clearfield, UT
Salt Lake City, UT
Orem, UT; Provo, UT
Ogden, UT
Chittenden County
Burlington city, VT
Arlington County
Bristol city
Charlottesville city
Danville city
Fredericksburg city
Hampton city
Lynchburg city
Newport News city
Norfolk city
Petersburg city
Portsmouth city
Richmond city
Roanoke city
Suffolk city
Virginia Beach city
Arlington, VA
Bristol, VA
Charlottesville, VA
Danville, VA
Fredericksburg, VA
Hampton, VA
Lynchburg, VA
Newport News, VA
Norfolk, VA
Petersburg, VA
Portsmouth, VA
Richmond, VA
Roanoke, VA
Suffolk, VA
Virginia Beach, VA
Benton County
Clark County
Franklin County
King County
Kitsap County
Pierce County
Snohomish County
Spokane County
Thurston County
Whatcom County
Yakima County
Kennewick, WA; Richland, WA
Vancouver, WA
Pasco, WA
Bellevue, WA; Seattle, WA
Bremerton, WA
Tacoma, WA
Everett, WA
Spokane, WA
Olympia, WA
Bellingham, WA
Yakima, WA
Brooke County
Cabell County
Hancock County
Weirton (part), WV
Huntington (part), WV
Weirton (part), WV
Appendix I-12
Appendix I. MSAs with Center Counties and Central Cities, continued
State, MSA
West Virginia, continued
Charleston, WV MSA
Wheeling, WV-OH MSA
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH MSA
Wisconsin
Green Bay, WI MSA
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA
Eau Claire, WI MSA
Madison, WI MSA
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI MSA
Eau Claire, WI MSA
Kenosha, WI PMSA
La Crosse, WI-MN MSA
Wausau, WI MSA
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA
Racine, WI PMSA
Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA
Sheboygan, WI MSA
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI PMSA
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI MSA
Wyoming
Cheyenne, WY MSA
Casper, WY MSA
Source: U.S. Census Bureau and PricewaterhouseCoopers.
Center County
Central City in County (in whole or part)
Kanawha County
Marshall County
Wayne County
Wood County
Charleston, WV
Wheeling, WV
Huntington (part), WV
Parkersburg, WV
Brown County
Calumet County
Chippewa County
Dane County
Douglas County
Eau Claire County
Kenosha County
La Crosse County
Marathon County
Milwaukee County
Outagamie County
Racine County
Rock County
Sheboygan County
Washington County
Waukesha County
Winnebago County
Green Bay, WI
Appleton (part), WI
Eau Claire (part), WI
Madison, WI
Superior, WI
Eau Claire (part), WI
Kenosha, WI
La Crosse, WI
Wausau, WI
Milwaukee (part), WI
Appleton (part), WI
Racine, WI
Beloit, WI; Janesville, WI
Sheboygan, WI
Milwaukee (part), WI
Milwaukee (part), WI; Waukesha, WI
Appleton (part), WI; Neenah, WI; Oshkosh, WI
Laramie County
Natrona County
Cheyenne, WY
Casper, WY
Appendix I-13
Appendix J: Contact Information
Contact Information
U.S. Census Monitoring Board
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Mark Johnson
Executive Director, Presidential Members
4700 Silver Hill Rd., Suite 1250
Suitland, MD 20746
Voice: 301-457-9900
Fax: 301-457-9901
Website: www.cmbp.gov
Dr. Peter Merrill
1301 K Street NW, 800W
Washington, DC 20005
Voice: 202-414-1000
Fax: 202-414-1301
Website: www.pwcglobal.com
Media Contacts
John Chambers
U.S. Census Monitoring Board,
Presidential Members
4700 Silver Hill Rd., Suite 1250
Suitland, MD 20746
Voice: 301-457-9900
Fax: 301-457-9901
Marc Eiger
PricewaterhouseCoopers
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10019
Voice: 212-596-8000
Fax: 212-259-5324