The 1979 Articles Most Cited from 1979 to 1981. 1. Life Number

Essays of an Information Scientist, Vol:5, p.575-590, 1981-82
Current Contents, #26, p.5-20, June 28, 1982
The 1979 Articles Most Cited
from 1979 to 1981.
1. Life Sciences
Number
26
1une 28, 1982
This is the latest in an ongoing series
of essays that identify articles which
became highly cited shortly after publication. Papers that receive an immediate burst of citations often represent
the “hot spots” of science—areas of inquiry that are presently of special interest to researchers.
The previous two
essays in this series identified the 1978
papers
that
were highly
cited
in
1978- 1979.1 z This essay presents the life
sciences papers of 1979 that were highly
cited in 1979-1980. Also listed are 1979
papers that would have been included if
we had considered 1981 citations as well.
The second part of this essay will cover
the physical sciences.
The 102 papers in this study are listed
in Figure 1, which, in addition to 19791980 citations, lists 1981 citations as
well. As before, the articles are segregated by subject area, and then listed
alphabetically by first author. We hope
this arrangement
will discourage
invidious comparisons.
All of the papers
in Figure 1 are undoubtedly interesting,
but many more 1979 papers not included
here will eventually become highly cited.
What makes this group particularly interesting is the immediacy of their impact on the scientific community.
Of the 4,000,000 papers or books
cited in Science Cifafion lndex~ (.SC’I@)
each year, most receive one or two citations in a two-year period. By comparison, the average paper in this study
received 60 citations—nine
in 1979, and
575
51 in 1980. The most-cited paper received 192 citations, while the least-cited
had 45.
A new feature of this study is the inclusion of research front data. In previous essays,j I have explained ISI”’s
clustering technique for identifying new
research fronts. Each cluster is associated with a group of co-cited core
papers. The research front is the group
of current papers that cite one or more
core papers in the cluster. Co-citation
clustering is the basis for “research front
searching, ” available through our online
ISI/BIOMED~~
system.4
In Figure 1, where applicable, we have
identified
the ISI/BIOMED
research
fronts with which each paper is associated. The names of the research fronts
themselves can be found in the ~ndex to
Research Fronts in ISI/BIOMED.
s The
very fact that nearly all of these papers
turned out to be core papers in 1980 or
1981 research fronts in ISI/BIOA4ED
is
interesting in itself, because it demonstrates that the system has dynamically
responded
to any paradigm
changes
[hese advances may represent. In all, 121
research fronts are represented in Figure
1 and in the supplementary list of papers
m Figure 2. We have listed in Table 1
names
of those research fronts whose
:ore papers include two or more papers
In this study.
All of the papers in Figure 1 received
many more citations than the minimum
:hreshold of 12 used for inclusion in an
1: The 1979 hfe !cience~ art]cle$ most cited m 1979-1980. The authors’ addresw
follow each
citation, as do the code numbers of the ISI/BfOMEDT~
research front specialtiesfor which these are
core papers
Figure
Molecular Genetics—Nucleic Acid Structure
79&fuJ
ToIal
I
80
44
7
79
Chtions
81
45
55
43
so
71
Xl
I09
>9
Ltarrell B G, Ikmkier ,4 ‘T & [)rouin J. ,4 dit’f’eren[ genetic code !n
human mifochondria.
Va/ure 282:189-94, 1979 MRC Lab. Mol. Biol.,
Cambridge, UK. 80-0105:”81-0140.
{’ameron J R, Loh t Y & i)u}ii R W. Evidence for tran~poji!ion 01
di,perwd repel itlw DNA Iamihcs in yea~t. Cc// 16:739-51, 1979.
S[anford Um\ ., Sch. hfed., Stanford, C-A. 80-0[73; 81-0190
(,anmm k, () ’Hare K, Perrin F, LePamec J P, Benoist C, {’ochet
M.
16
48
64
17
11
78
49
13
m
5?
~~
flreathnach
R, RoJal
A, Gmpirr
A, Cami
B & Chambon
P.
[)rganixil}on and wquencw at the 5 end o! a cloned complete
oialbumin gene. Nuiure 278428-34, 1979. CNRS, In\(. Chim. Mol.,
S!ra\hourg, trance; CNf?S, Inst. Pasteur, Paris, France.
(Lruss D H, Criiter F & SprinA M. C ompllat!on of IRNA \equence\,
.Auc/. AcK/. Re!. 6: R I -R 19, 1979. ‘lax Planck lnst., Dept. Chem.,
Gtitllngen, t RC,.
Hensgens 1. A M, (.ri}tll
1. .4, Burst P & Lfm J l.. Nucleo!ldc sequence
O! [he mitocbondrial
~truc!ural gene tor \uhunlr 9 O! yeast ATpaje
complex. Proc. \u/. .Icud .Sc/. l~S 76:1663-7, 1979. Lln!\. Am\ter darn, Jan Swamrnerclam lnsI., .\m\rcrdam,
the Netherlands. 80-0105;”
8 I-0140.
l.umedicu
P, Rosenthal
N, Efstratiadis
A, [;ilbert
W,
Koludner
R
R. The <truc!ure and evolutmn of’ the two nonallelic m!
prcproin~ul!n genej. Cc// 18:54 S-58, 1979. Hartard Llni\,, fl!ol, 1 abj.
& Sch. Nfcd., (’fimbridge; S!dnci Farber Cancer In\ f., Boston, %iA.
80-0518; 81-1322.
& lizard
X3
164
192
115
Nakmrishi
S, lnoue
A,
Kits ‘T. Nakiimura
M,
Chang
A (’ Y, Cohen
Nuclemide wquence 01 cloned cf3NA for boklne
corttcot ropin-61]potropln
precur\ or. Vuwe 27X:423-7, 1979. Kyo[o
[I”), ,, DCPI, Med. C’hem,, KyoIo, Japan; Stan f’ord Lln!$., Sch. Med.,
\
\
& >uma
5tiinlord,
C’A
>.
80-1519:
XI-12(M.
4
44
48
77
Peattie
15
43
58
43
Post L E, Strycharz G D, Nomura M, Lewis H & Dennis P P.
Nucleotide sequence of the ribowmal protmn gene cluster adjacent to
[he gene for RNA polymeraw \ubun!r /3 ]n Eschemhm cob. Proc. .%!.
Inst. Enzyme Rcs.,
.4cad .Sc/. L’S 76:1697-701.
1979. L’n]v. Wi\con\in,
hladlwn, WI; Univ. British Columb!a, Dept. Med., Vancouver, BC’,
Canada. 80-1379.
6
42
48
60
Potter
f)ir.w chcm!cal method for wquencing RNA.
Pro<. ,Vut, .Acad. SC{. 1 .S 76: 176(J4. 1979. Har\ard [I nib ., Dept.
Bmchem. hlol Biol., C’ambrldge, NIA. 80-1440
f) ,4.
S S, flrorein
W J, Dunsmuir
P & Rubin
G M.
Transpo$itlon
elernem$ 01 4/2, cwu and 297 di\perwd repea[ed gene tamll]es m
Dr[>\oph]la. (’?// 17:415-27, 1979. Sidney Farber Cancer Infl., Depr.
Ln]\., Sch. \led., Boflon, MA. 800173:
Tumor
f3iol.: Har\ard
81-01S0.
Rosenberg M & Court 1). Regulator)
sequences In}olved in [be promot]on and Icrminatlon of RNA tran?cr]ptlon, .4nnu. Re~s. Genei
13:319-53,
1979. NCI, NIH, Btxhesda, M[).
Seif 1, Khour5 G & Dhm R. BKV \plice sequence~ based on analYSI$of preferred donor and acceptor wIes. ,Nuc/. Actd. Re.Y, 6:3387-98,
1979. NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD. 80-0815.
Wahl G M, Stern M & Stink G R. Efficienr tran$fer of large DNA
Iragmen[s trom agarose gels to dm?oben.zyloxyethy l-paper and rapid
hybridi~atton by using dextran wlfate. Proc. ,Na(. Acud. Scv. US
76:3683-7,
1979. S[anford LJm$., %h. Med., Stanford, CA.
of
0
47
47
I48
5
45
5(3
35
I 16
245
52
117
5
Ill
~~
Wang
J H,
A H J, ouigley
van der Wrel
G J, Kolpak
G & Rich
A.
F J, Crawford
Molecular
J L, van Bnom
structure
of a left-handed
double helical DNA fragmen[ at a~omic resolution. ,Narure 282:680-6,
Dept. BIoI., Cambridge, MA; Univ.
1979. Mass, lnst. Technol.,
l.e!den, Gorlaeus Labs., the Netherlands. 80-0265; 81-0287.
576
Molecular
Genetics—General
Gene
Expression,
Regulation
79&8Q
Total
79
80
3
42
45
70
Aahburner
21
81
I 02
60
Crkck F. Split genes and RNA splicing. Science 204:264-71,
Salk Inst. Biol. Studies, La Jolla, CA. 8CL1266.
6
73
79
67
Davidson
Citations
81
M & Borowr J J. The induction of gene activity in Drosophila by heat shock. Cc// 17:241-54, 1979. Univ. Calif., Dept.
Biochem. Biophys., San Francisco, CA. 800282:81-0294.
E H & Britten
R J. Regulation
38
47
36
Gilboa
E, Goff
S, Shields
A,
possible
1979, Calif. Inst.
of gene expression:
role of repetitive sequences, Science 204:1052-9,
Technol., Div. BIoI., Pasadena, CA,
9
1979.
Yosbimum
F, Milra
S & Baltimore
D.
vitro synthesis of a 9 Kbp terminally redundant DNA carrying the
infectivity of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Cc// 16:863-74, 1979.
Mass. Inst. Technol,, Dept. Biol. & Cfr, Cancer Res., Cambridge,
MA. 8C-05rl); 81-0190.
In
11
35
46
25
Goeddel
3
42
45
76
8
44
52
44
D V, Kleid
Stmhl
R, Hiruse
34
45
51
5
67
72
60
T,
K, Stinehcomb
transformation
11
D G, Boli\ar
F, Heyneker
H L, Yansura
D G,
Expression
in Escher{ch aa call of chemically synthesized genes for human insu[ in.
Prac. NW. A cad. Sci. US 76: It)& 10, 1979. Genentech,
Inc.. San Francisco, CA; City of Hope Nat. ,Med. Ctr., Div. Biol., Duarte, CA.
801804; 81-1940.
Hamrwalt
P C, Cooper P K, Ganesan A K & Smith C A. DNA repair
in bacteria and mammalian cells. Annu, Rev. Bmchem. 48:783-836,
CA.
1979. Stanford Univ., Dept. Biol. Sci., Stanford,
Crea
of
Kraszewski
A, Itakura
D T, Scherer
K & Riggs A D.
S & Davis
yeast: autonomous
R W.
replication
High-frequent
y
of hybrid DNA
1979. Stanford
Uru$.,
molecules. Proc, Nat. ,’tcad. Sri. US 76:1035-9,
Sch. Med., Stanford, CA. 800510; 81-0543.
Weinstock
G M, McErrtee
K & Lehman I R. ATP-dependent
renaturation of DNA catalyzed by the recA protein of Escher/c-hid roll.
Proc. Na[. ,4cad. .!ki. US 76:12630,
1979, S[anford Univ., Sch. Med.,
Stanford, CA. 8G1036; 81-0108.
Wigler
M,
Sweet
R, Sim G K, Weld
B, Pelticer
A,
Lacy
E., Mmriatis
of mammallan cells with
T, Silverstein S & Axel R. Transformation
genes from procaryores and eucaryo[es. Cc// 16:777-85, 1979. Columbia
Univ., CoIl. Phys. Surg., New York, NY. 8G0341; 81-0366.
Molecular
9
50
59
45
2
56
58
53
27
46
73
18
7
49
56
35
I
50
51
52
Genetics—Globin
Gene
Expression
Characterisation
of deletions
which affect the expression of fetal glob]n genes in man. ,Vaiure
279:598-603, 1979. Calif. Inst. Technol., DIV. B]ol,, Pasadena, CA.
800359; 81-0428.
Konkel D A, Maizel J V & Leder P. The eiolution
and sequence
comparison of IWO recemly diverged mouse chromosomal fi-globin
genes. Cc// 18:865-73, 1979. NICHHD, NIH, Be[hesda, MD. 80-0359;
81-2464.
Little P F R, Flavell R A, Kooter J M, Annisorr G & Williamson R.
Structure of the human fetal globin gene locus. Nature 278:227-31,
1979. Univ. London, St. Mary’s Hosp. ,Med. Sch., London, L)K; Univ.
Amsterdam, Lab. Biochem., Amsterdam, [he Netherlands. 80-0359;
8 I-0428.
Mulligan
R C, Howard
B H & Berg P. Synthes]s of rabbit /3-globin in
cultured monkey kidney cells following infection with a SV 40 f%globln
recombinant genome. ,Mr[ure 277:108-14, 1979. Stanford f.lniv,, Med.
C[r., Stanford, CA. 80-0341; 81-2073.
Nishtoka Y & Leder P. The complete sequence of a chromosomal
mouse a-globin gene reveals elements conserved throughout \ertebrate
evolution. Cc// 18:875-82, 1979, NICHHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
8@0359: 81-2464
Pritach E F, Lawn R M & Maniatis T.
577
79&&1
Total
79
SJfJ
8
45
CJtations
53
81
25
Orkin
S H,
Old J, Lwrmus
H,
Altay
C, Gurgey
A, Wealherall
D J &
The molecular basis of a-thalassem)as:
frequent occurrence of dysfunctional a loci among non-Asians with Hb H disease.
Cell 17:33-42, 1979. Children’s Hosp. Med. Ctr.; Sidney Farber Cancer
Inst.; Harvard Univ., Sch. Med., Boston, MA; Uni\. Oxford, Nut field
Dept. Clin. Med., Oxford, UK; Hacet[epe Uni\., Children’$ Hosp.
Med. Cir., Ankara, Turkey. 80-0359:81-1565.
Weathersdl D J & Clegg J B. Recen[ development
]n [he molecular
genetics of human hemoglobin
Cc/l 16:467-79, 1979. Unl\. O~ford,
Nuffield Dept. Clin. Med., O~ford, UK. 800359.
Nathan D G.
9
44
53
35
12
44
56
44
Weisbrod
S & Wein(raub
H.
[solation
of a >ubclass of nuclear
pro-
a DNase l-wnsl[i~e structure on globin
chromatin. Proc. ,$’at. Acad, Sci. L’S 76:63(L4, 1979. Princeton Un]\.,
Depl. Blochem. Sci., Princeton, NJ. 80-0S22; 81.0112.
teln~ respomible
for conferring
Neuroendocrinology
6
39
45
31
5
55
w
81
4
45
49
48
/Neurophysiology
Asnno T & Spector S. Identification of ino~ine and hypoxan~hme aj
endogenous Iigands for (he brain benzodiazeplne- b]nding sites Proc.
Nar, Ac’ud. Set. US 76:977-81, 1979. Rocbe Inst. Mel, Biol., Nutley,
NJ. 80-0275; 81-0301.
Chang K J & Cualreeasas
P. Multiple opiate recepIors. J. Bicd
1979. Wellcome Res, Lab\., Dept. Mol. Biol.,
Chem. 254:26108,
Research Triangle Park, NC. 80 1068; 81-1 !42.
DeLorenzo
R J, Freedman
S D,
Yohe
W B & Maurer
S C’. Slimula-
ner$e
terminal pro[ein pho$phorylatmn
by calmodulin and a calmodulin-fike
protein isola[ed from \ynap(]c ve$lcles. Proc’ .Vut. 4c’ud. SCI. L Y
76: (838-42, 1979, Yale Llni\., Sch. bled , Ncw Ha\t’n, CT. 80-(X)45;
8 I-fXJ46
[Ion
5
42
47
57
11
59
70
66
8
44
52
3J
28
139
167
140
s
41
46
52
4
45
49
48
al C’a~ + -dependent
Heuser
J E. Reese T S, Dennis
lnnis
50
24
M J, Jan 1’, Jan L & ~~mrs
L. Synap-
R B, Corr$a
F M A,
Ubl
G R, Schneider
B & Snyder
S H.
Cholecystokimn
octapeptide-like
Immunoreac!iiity:
hijtochemwal
localization in rat brain. Pror. Naf. .4cad. .Sc’/. 1S 76:521-5, 1979.
Johns Hopk]ns Univ., Sch. Nled., Baltimore, hID; Rockefeller Um\.
Hosp., New York, NY, 80- 1076i 81-0246.
Kebabian J W & Caine D B. Muhlple receptors for dopamine.
Nafure 277:93-6, 1979. NINCDS, NIH, Belhesda, MD.
Larsson L I & Rehfeld J F. Localizatmn
and molecular heterogeneity
of cholecys:ok inin in [he central and peripheral ner~ou~ sys[em. Brain
Res. 165:201-18, 1979. Univ. Aarhus, [ml. Nled. Biochem.. Aarhu\,
Denmark. 80- 1076; 81-0246.
Meites
J, Bruni
J F, Van
opioid
Yugt
peptides
D A & Smith
and morphine
A k’. Relation
10 neurmndocnne
of enfunctions.
24:1325-36, 1979. Michigan Slate Unit., Dept. Phywol., East
Lansing, Ml. 81-0722,
Neubig R R, Krudel E K, Bojd N D & Cohen J B. Ace[ylcboline and
local ane$[hetlc binding [o Torpedo nmtinic po~tsvnaptic membranes
after remokal of nonreceptor peptides. Proc. ,A’cI(. Acwd, Scl. US
76:6S04, 1979, Harvard Univ., Sch. Med., Boston, NIA. 80-MXJ8;
81-1141.
Life
38
release and pres}naptlc
(ic vesicle exocytom caplured by quick t’reezlng and correla~ed w!th
quantal transmitter release. J. Cdl B(o(. 81:275-300, 1979. Unli. CalIf.,
Sch. Nfed., .%! F“rancivm, C’A: NINCOS, NIH, Bethesda, KID.
81-1347,
Hirata
F, Slri{tmat(er
W J & Axelrod J. (3-adrmergic
receptor
agonists increase phospbolipld methylatmn, membrane fluld]ty, and
~-adrenerglc receptor-adenylate
cyclase coupling. Pro<. Vo!. Aced, SC,.
US 76:368-72, 1979. NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD. 800818; 81-0878.
dogenous
12
neuro[ranwni[ter
SrJ.
578
-f9&80
Total
7980
CJtations
81
8
37
45
32
9
38
47
32
9
45
54
46
M, Joh T H, Reis D J, Leeman S E & Miller R J. Electron
microsco~
localization of substance-P and enkephalin in axon terminals related to dendrites of catecholaminergic
neurons. Brain Res.
lf0387-4CH3,
1979, Cornell Univ. Med. Coil,, Dept. Neurol., New
York; Harvard Univ., Sch. Med., Boslon, MA; Univ. Chicago, Dept.
Pharmacol. & Physiol. Serv., Chicago, IL.
Rossier J, Bal(enberg E, Pittmmr Q, Bsyon A, Koala L, Miller R,
R & Bloom F. Hypothalamic enkephalin neurones may
Guillemin
regulate the neurohypophysis.
Narure 277:653-5. 1979, Salk Inst. Biol.
Studies, La .folla, CA. 8cM653,
U’Prichard
D C & Snyder S H. Distinct a-noradrenergic
receptors
differentiated by binding and physiological relationships, L~e Sci.
24:79-88,
1979. Johns Hopkins Univ., Sch. Med., Baltimore, MD,
802760; 81-tK)67.
Pickel V
Virology
13
37
50
21
10
42
52
30
7
51
S8
39
4
41
45
41
11
61
72
43
P, Goldfarb
M P & Weinberg
R A, A defined subgenomic fragmeni of in \itro synthesized Moloney sarcoma virus DNA
can induce cell transformation
upon transection.
Cell 16;63-75, 1979,
Mass. Inst. Technol., Ctr. Cancer Res. & Dept, Biol., Cambridge,
MA. 8(M3019; 81-0223.
Hayman
M J, Royer-Poknra
B & Graf T. Defectiveness of avian
erythroblastosis
virus: synthesis of a 75K gag-related pro[ein. Virology
92:31-45,
1979, Imperial Cancer Res. Fund, Dept, Tumour Biol., London, UK; Max Plarrck lns[. Virus Res., Depf. Biol. Med., Tiibingen,
FRG. 800614; 81-0318.
Lane D P & Crawford
L V. T antigen is bound 10 a hosi protein in
SV @transformed
cells. Nature 278:261-3, 1979. Imperial CoIl., Dept.
ZooI.; Imperial Cancer Res. Fund, Dept, MoI. Virol., London, UK.
8(34X327:81-0817.
Llnzer D I H & Levine A J. Characterization
of a 54K dal[on eel.
iular SV40 tumor antigen prewnt in SV4@transformed
cells and
uninfected em bryonal carcinoma cells. Cell 17:43-52, 1979. Princeton
Univ., Dept. Biochem. Sci., Princeton, NJ. 8W3027; 81-0817,
Andersson
Oppermann
H, Levinson
A D, Varmus H E, Levintow
L & Bishop
Umnfecfed vertebrate cells contain a protein that is closely related
10 the product of the avian sarcoma virus transforming gene (src).
Proc. Nat. Acad, Sci, US 76:1804-8,
1979. Univ. Calif., L3ept.
Microbiol. Immunol., San Francisco, CA. 8Mll19; 81-0018.
Riibsamen
H, Friis R R & Bauer H. .rrc gene product from different
strains of avian sarcomavirus: kineticsand possible mechanism of heat
irractiva[ion of protein kinase activity from cells infected by
transformation-defective,
temperature-sermt ive mutant and wild-rype
\,irus, Proc. Nut. A cad Sci. US 76:967-71, 1979, Just us Liebig Unit.,
Inst. Virol., Giessen, FRG. 8WM19; 810218.
Sabran J L, Hsu T W, Yeater C, Kaji A, Mason W S & Taylor J M.
Analysis of integrated avian RNA tumor \irus DNA in transformed
chicken, duck, and quail fibroblasls. J. Viro/. 29: 17C-8, 1979. Univ.
Pennsylvania,
DepI, Microbiol.; Fox Chase Cancer Cir., Inst. Cancer
Res., Phila., PA. 80-05WI; 81-0190.
Shapiro J A. Molecular model for the transposition
and replication
of bacteriophage Mu and other transposable elements. Proc. Naf.
Acad. Sci. US 76:1933-7, 1979. Univ. Chicago, Dept. Microbial.,
Chicago, [L. 80-0271; 81-0295,
Soeda E, Arrand J R, Smolar N & Griffin
B E. Sequence from early
region of polyoma virus DNA containing ~iral replication origin and
encoding small, middle and (parI ofl large T antigens. Cc// 17:357-70,
1979. Imperial Cancer Res. Fund, London, UK. 8WX127; 81-1470.
J M.
8
43
12
59
71
41
4
58
62
79
II
42
53
13
12
33
45
24
22
Takahasbi
K, Akaharre
Y, Golanda
T,
Mishiro
Y & Mayumi
579
M.
Demonstration
T. fmai
M,
of hepatitl$ B e arr[lgen )n
the core of Dane particles. J. fmmunol,
122:275-9, [979. J]chi bled.
Tokyo Metropolitan
Irrsf. Med.
Sch., Immunol.
Div., Tochigi-ken;
Sci., Hepatitis Div.; Univ. Tokyo, Third Dept. ln[ernal Med.. Tokyo,
Japan. 81-0145.
Miyakawa
79& aa
Total
19
80
Citations
81
7
40
47
21
R & Robbins A. Enzymatic activities associated with a purified
wmian virus 40 T anngen-related
protein. Proc. A’ar. Acad Sci. US
76:6104, 1979, Cold Spring Harbor Lab., Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
8f.H)019; 81-W18,
Tjian
Immunology
14
53
67
61
Djeu J Y, Heinbaugh
14
35
49
26
10
46
56
41
8
49
57
81
J A,
Holden
H T & Herbermwr
R B. Augmen-
killer cell actiylty by Interferon and interferon
inducers. J. [mmunol.
122:175-81, 1979. Lmon Bionetics, Inc. , Kensington, MD, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD. 8!2-1428; 81-1538.
Germain R i%. Ju S T, RippsT J. Benacermf B & Dorf M E. Shared
derived suppressor (ac]dm!ypic determinants
on antibodies and ‘hell
tor specific for ~he random [erpolymer L-glutamlc acid~)-L-alanine30l.-tyro$]nel~. J. .@. Med. 149:613-22, 1979. Har}ard Um$., Sch.
\led,,
Bo\fon,
MA. 80-OW)I; 81-0059.
Herberrman R B, (Mtaldo J R & Bmrnard G D. Augmenlallon
by
interferon 01 human natural and an(ibody-depcnden!
cell.mediated
cytoloxlci!!. ,NWure 277:221-3, 1979. NC], ‘NIH, IMhe>da, N!I).
80-1428.
tation
of mouse
Herberman
natural
R B, Djeu
Bonmird
J 1’, I@
G 1), Holden
Natural
H T,
H D, ortaldo
Fagnani
J R, Rkwrrdi
R, Swrtoni
C’,
A & Puccetli
P.
killer cell$: cbarac[ert$tics
and regulation of ac[]$ !IY.
/rt7mu/lol.
Rev. 44:43-70,
1979. NC’1, NIH, Lab. Immunodiagnosis,
Bethesda, hlD; [.it!on B)onc[ws, Inc., Kensington, MD; Univ. Perugia,
In$r. Pharmacol.,
Perugla, Italy. ?02023.
5
40
45
58
Kiewling R & Wigzt!ll H. An analysis of [he murine NK cell as [o
$fruc(ure, tuncl ion and biologwal relmance. Imrnuncd. Rev,
44: [65-208, 1979 Karol]nska Ins{., Dept. Tumor Biol., Stockholm,
Sweden; Llppsala Lm\., IJmmed. Ctr., Uppsala, Sweden. 8W21J23.
4
47
51
58
McMicbael
stein C.
19
87
106
82
1
46
47
IZ()
9
4?
51
51
8
39
47
36
21
47
69
29
A J, Pilch J R, {;alfr[G,
Mason
1) Y, kabrc
J w & Mil.
human thymocyte anligen defined by a h>brld m)eloma
monoclinal
antibody. Eur. J. lrnmunol, 9:205-10, 1979. L)ni\. oxford,
Nuffield Dept. Surg. & Dep[. Parhol., Radcliffe Infirm., ()! ford, UK;
hlRC Mo]. f3iol. Lab., Cambridge, UK. 81-2489.
Nathan L’ k’, Brukner L H, Silversfein S C & Cohn Z A. Extracellular
cytoly~)s by activated macrophage$ and granuloc> (es. J. 1: W. ,Med
149:84-99; IW13, 1979. Rockefeller Unw., New York, N}’. 80-2182;
81-(!033.
Reinhwz
A
E L, Kung
P C, Goldstein
[; & Schlossman
S F. Separation
of Iunc[lonal $ubse[s of human T cellf by a monoclinal
anrtbody.
Proc. Nor. 4cud. .Sci. (JS 76:4061-5, 1979, Harvard Univ., Sch. Med.;
Sidney Farber Cancer ln~t., Bo$!on, MA; Orthn Pharrrmceutical
Corp., Di!. Immunosc!., Raritan, NJ. 80-1573, 81-2489.
Reinberz E L, I%rkman
R, IUappeporl J, Rnsen F S & Schlowmarr
S F. Aberra[iom of wppressor T cells m human graft-~ersuj-hoit
dlvcase. N. Eng/. J. Med. 3WI:I06-8, 1979. Har\ard Unli., Sctl. hlecf.;
Sidney Farber Cancer Inst.; Children’s Hosp. Nled. Ctr.; Peter Bc’nl
Brigham Hosp., f30\con, MA. 80-1S73.
Iteinherz
1: L & Scblossman S k’. Con-A ]nduoblc $uppre$$]on of
MLC: evidence for mediat]on by the THI+ T cell jubwt ]n man.
J. Immunol
122:1335.41, 1979 Har\ard Uni\., Sch. bled.; Sidney
Farber Cancer Inst., Bmton, MA. 80-1573.
Research—Clinical
Cancer
Antunes [
M F, Slolley P L), Rosenshein N B, I)a}ies
J [,, Trrn’.isciti
R. Endometrial cancer and eft rogen u$e. .N. .EnK/. J. ,Jfed. 302:9-13, 1979.
John\ Hopkjn~ Un]$., Sch. H)glenc & Pub. Hlrh. & Sch. Med.,
Baltimore, MD; Uni\. Penn\yl\ania
Sch Med., Phlla., PA.: Fed. LIIIt\.
Mina\ Gcrai\, Belo Hor!zonte, f3razll 80-0229: 81 .02S2,
J A,
Brown
C,
BurrreN
580
L, Rutledge
A,
Pnkempner
M & (A+rcia
79&80
Total
79s0
15
31
Chationa
81
46
24
Jick H, Watkins
R N, Hunter J R, Ohm
B J, Madsen S, Rolhman
estrogens and endometrlal cancer.
N. ErrK/. J. Med. 3tX1218-22, 1979. Boston Univ. Med. Ctr. & Harvard
Univ. Sch. Pub, Hlth., Boston, MA; Grp. Hlth. Cooperative Puger
Sound, Seaule, WA, 80-022% 81-0252.
McGregor
A M, ScanIon M F, Hafl K, Cook D B & Hall R. Reduction in size of a pituitary tumor by bromocriptine
therapy.
N. Eng/. J. Med. 3@3:291-3. 1979, Royal Victoria In firm., Dept. Med.:
Newcasfle Gen. Hosp., Dept. Neuroradiol.,
Newcasle upon Tyne, UK.
80-2436; 81-1896,
Stern R S. Thibodeau
L A, Kleinerman
R A, Parrish J A & fWzpa(rick T B. Risk of cutaneous carcinoma in pa!ients treated w]th oral
methoxsalen phot ochemotherapy
for psoriasis. N’. Eng/, J, ,Med.
303:809-13, 1979. Harvard Uni\. Sch. Med. & Sch. Pub. Hllh,; Beth
Israel Hosp., Dep[s. Dermatol. and Comp. Med.; Mass. Gen. Hosp.,
Boston, MA. 80-2447; 81-2681.
K J & Walker
Replacement
A M.
12
34
46
28
12
39
51
77
7
55
62
47
6
39
45
38
B N. Identifying environmental
chemicals causing mu[a(ions
and cancer. SCierrce 204:587-93, 1979. Uni\. Cal If,, Dept. Btochem,,
Berkeley, CA.
Hubernsan E & Callaham M F. [nduc[ion of terminal differemiat]on
in human promyelocytic leukemia cells by [umor-promoting
agen!s,
Proc. Mm. A cad. Sci. US 76:1293-7, 1979. Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Di>.
Biol., Oak Ridge, TN, 80-0485; 8[-0750,
91
94
Murphy
Cancer Research-Basic
Iw
Ames
R C,
Hammaratr6m
s)ow-reacring
,4cad.
Sri.
Stockholm,
Cell
9
41
50
72
subsiance
118
126
170
0
55
55
49
5
74
79
123
18
52
70
44
6
39
45
30
murine
Biology,
B. Leukolriene
mastocyloma
76:427S-9, 1979. Karolinska
Sweden. 80-WM3; 81-0371.
US
C: a
cells. Proc.
,Na(.
lns~., Dcpt. Chem.,
Biochemistry
Arachidonic acid metabolism in poly leukocy~es: effects of ionophore A23 187. Proc. ,Nw.
Ins[,, Dept. Chem.,
A cad. Sci. US 76:2148-52, 1979. Karohnska
Stockholm, Sweden. 8M1343; 81-0371,
Goldstein J L, Anderson R G W & Brown M S. Coa[ed pits, coated
vesicles, and receptor-mediated
endocytosis. .Naure 279:679-85, 1979.
Uni*. Texas, Hl[h, Sci. Ctr,, Daflas, TX.
Hammarslrom
S. Murphy R C, %muelaaon B, Clark D A, Mioskowski C & Corey E J. Structure of leuko{riene-C: identification of
the amino acid part. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 91:1266-72,
Inst., DepI. Chem., Stockholm, Sweden; Harvard
1979. Karolinska
Univ., Dept. Chem., Cambridge, MA, 80-0043; 81-0371.
Krebs E G & Beavo J A. Phosphorylation-dephosphorylation
of
enzymes. Annu. Rev. Bioc/rem. 48:923-59,
1979. Howard Hughes }Ied.
Inst., Lab. Mol. Pharmacol.;
Univ. Washington, Dept. Pharmacol.,
Seattle, WA.
Maccecchini M L, Rudin Y, Blohel G & Schalz G. Import of proteins
into mi[ochondria:
precursor forms of the extramitochondrially
made
F1-ATPase subuniis in yeast, Proc. Nur, Acad. SC). US 76:343-7, 1979.
Unit, Basel, Depr. Biochem,, Basel, Switzerland; Rockefeller Uni\.,
New York, NY. 801034; 81-0257,
of fibronectin
Perkhrs M E, Ji T H & Hynes R O. Cross-linking
to sulfated proteoglycans at the cell surface, C’e// 16:941-S2. 1979.
Mass. Inst. Technol., Dept. Biol. & C’[r. Cancer Res., Cambridge,
MA; Univ. Wyoming, Dept. Biochem., Laramie, WY. 800107;
81-0125.
Borgeat
P & Samuelsaon B.
morphonuclear
8
S & Samuelsson
from
581
79
80
II
41
79&&3
Total
Citations
52
81
64
Ryan D K, Thomas P E, Korzeniowski D & Levin W. Separa[lon and
characterization
of highly purified
forms of I]\er microsomal
CYIochrome P-450 from rat $ t realed wnh polychl or mat ecf blphenyl$,
phenobarbital,
and 3-me[hylcholantbrene.
J. B~o/. Chem. 254:1365-74,
1979. Hoffmann-La
Rochc, Dept. Biochern
Drug Vfetab.,
Nulley,
NJ.
802657:
8I-O81O.
Immunogenetics
13
46
59
35
N & Hood L.
hea}y chain gene orgamzation in mice: analyws of a
myeloma genomic clone comaimng variable and e com[anr reg]ons.
Proc. Nor. Acad. SCI. L’S 76:857-6{,
1979. Cal!t. ln~[. Technol.,
DI\.
BIoI., Pasadena, CA. 80-0594; 81-0339.
Kfein J. The major hi!tocompatibihly
complex of (he mouje.
Scvence 203:516-21,
1979 Ma< Planck Inst. Biol., Tubingen,
FRG.
Max E E, Seidman J G & Leder P. Sequences of fi~e potenr]al
recombination
sites encoded close to an immunoglobulm
K con~tanl
region gene. Proc, Nat. Acad. Sci. L’S 76:345 @4, 1979. NICHHD,
NIH, Bethesda, MD. 80-0594; 81 -MJ39.
Early P W, Dmis
M M, Kaback D B, Dmidson
lmmunoglobulin
20
44
64
65
5
73
78
77
3
87
90
94
34
62
96
48
3
50
53
38
16
52
68
60
H, Hiippi K, Heinrich
G & Ton%awa
S. Sequences at the
somatic recombination
sites of immunoglobulin
light-chain gene~.
Nature 280:288-94, 1979. Ba}el Inst. Immurrol., Basel, Switzerland.
800594; 81-0039.
%kano H, Rogers J H, Hiippi K, Brack [, Tr’aunecker A, Maki R,
Wall R & Tonegawa S. Doma]ns and [he hinge region of an lmmunoglobul]n bea}y chain are encoded )n separate DNA segments
Na/ure 277:627-33, 1979. Bawl In\L. Immunol., Basel, Switzerland;
Uni\ Cal, f. Sch. Med., Los Angeles, CA. 80-0594; 81-0039.
Seidman J G, Max E E & Leder P. A ~-immunoglobulin
gene is
formed by site $pecific recombination
w!thout further soma[!c mulat]on. Nature 280:370-5, 1979. NICHHD, NIH, Bethesda, ,MD. 80-0594;
81-0039,
%rkmro
Pharmacology
Brunner
H R, Gavras H, Waeber B, Kershaw G R, Turini
2
48
50
51
7
55
62
36
8
51
59
36
8
38
46
(43
G A,
Oral angioten$inconverting enzyme inhibitor in long-term treatment of hypertens!}e patients. Ann. Inrern. Med. W 19-23, 1979. Gni\. [Lausanne, Or. Hemp.,
Lausanne, Switzerland; Bos(on Cit) Hosp., Thorndike Mere. Labs.,
Bo;ton, MA. 800304; 81-0249.
Costs E & Guidotti
A. Molecular mechan!sm$ ]n (he receptor ac[mn
of benzodiazeplnes.
Annu. Re~. P/IcrrmaccJ/. To.rrco/ 19:531-45, 1979.
N[MH, NIH, Washington, DC.
Hager W D, Femler P, Mayersobn M, Perrier t), Graves P, Marcus
F I & Goldman S. Digoxin-quinidine
interaction. N, Eng/. J. Med.
302:1238-41, 1979. Vet. Admin. Med. Crr,; Univ Arizona, Hlrb. SCI.
Ctr. & Dept. Pharm. %i., Tucson, AZ. 8CL0629; 81-1544.
Neu H C, Aswapokee N, Aswapokee P & k’u K P. HR 756, a new
cephalosporin acl]ve against gram-positi~e and gram-negati~e aerob]c
and anaerobic bacteria. Anfim{crofr.
Agenfs Cfwrrcxher.
15:273-81,
Unl\’., Co]]. Phys. Sur8., New York, NY 8CL1056;
1979, Columbia
Vukovich
R A, McKinstry
D N & Gavras
1.
81-2077.
Schentag
Bernhard
J J, Calleri
H.
cimefidine-associated
Schs. Pbarm.,
G,
Rose J Q, Cerra
Pharmacokinetic
mental
Med. & Surg,;
F B, DcGlopper
and chn]cal
confusion.
Millard
E &
studies in patients
Lancer
f+llmore Hosp.,
with
1979. SUNY,
Buffalo, NY.
I: 177-81,
79&ao
Total
7980
Citations
81
12
34
46
36
Bergeron J J M, Sikstrom R, Hand A R & Posner B i. Binding and
uptake of 12SI-insulin into ra[ Iivcr hepatocytes and endothelium. J.
1979. McGill Univ., DepIs. Anat. & Med., MonCc// Bio/. 80427-43,
treal, Quebec, Canada; NIDR, NIH, Bethesda, MD. 8fk0576; 81-0621.
3
54
57
68
Catt
K J, Harwood
regulation
41
46
26
16
30
46
39
Aguilera
receptors
G & Dufau
and target
M L. Hormonal
cell responses.
Narure
NIH, Bethesda, MD.
Creutzfs4dt W’. The incretin concept today. Diabetolo~m
16:75-85,
FRG. 80-0180;
1979, Univ. Gi5ttingen, Dept. Med., G6[tingen,
81-0942.
Tamborbme
W’ V, Sherwin R S, Genel M & Felig P. Reduction to
normal of plasma glucose in JUWnile d]abetes by subcutaneous adminis[ra[lon of insulin with a porrable infusion pump. IV. L-r?g/. J.
Med. 300:573-8, 1979. Yale Univ., Sch. Med., New Haven, CT.
8cMW94; 81-1131.
28O:1O!-I5,
4
J D,
of peptide
1979, N[CHHD,
Bacteriology
17
41
58
36
16
31
47
29
10
48
58
69
Brenner D J, Steigerwalt A G & McDade J E. Classlficat ion of Ihe
Legionnaires’ disease bacterium: Legicme//a pneumophi/a,
genusnovum, species-nova, of the family Legionellaceae, familia no}a.
Ann, Intern. Med. W656-8,
1979. US Pub. Hlth, Serv., Ctrs. Disease
Control, Atlanta, GA. 80-0433; 8 I-0522.
McKinney R M, Thacker L, Harris P P, Lewallen K R, Heberl G A,
Edelstein P H & Thomason B M. Four serogroups of Legionnaires’
disease bacteria defined by direct immunofluorescence.
A nn. In/em,
Med. 90:621-4, 1979. US Pub. Hlth. Ser\., C(rs. Disease Control,
Atlanta, GA; Vet. Admin., Wadsworth Med. Ctr.; Univ. Calif., Sch.
Med., Los Angeles, CA. 80-0433:81-0522.
Stoeckenius W’, Lozier R H & Bogomolni R A. Bacteriorhodopsin
and the purple membrane of halobacteria, Bmchim. Biophys. Acfa
505:215-78, 1979, Univ. Calif,, Cardiovascular
Res. Ins[., San Francisco, CA. 802544; 81-2776.
Pathology
II
42
53
62
5
65
70
95
1
48
49
78
T. Cholesterol
in the prediction
of atherosclerotic disease. Ann. ln(ern. Med. 9Lk85-91, 1979. NHLBI,
NIH, Be{hesda, MD; FrantinghamHeart DiseaseEpidemiol.Study,
Framingham,MA; Boston Univ., Med. Ctr., Boston, MA.
Moncada S & Vane J R. Arachidonic acid metabolizes and tbe interactions between platelets and blood-vessel walls, N. Eng/, J. Med.
Res.,
3013:1142-7, 1979. Wellcome Res. Labs., Dept. Prostaglandin
Kent, UK.
Prockop D J, Kidrikko
K [, Tuderman L & Guzman N A. The biosynthesis of collagen and i[s disorders. N. Er@. J. Med. 301:13-23,
1979. Rutgers Univ., Coil. Med. & Dent. New Jersey, , Piacataway.
NJ. 80-2608:81-2868.
Kannel W B, Castelli W P & Gordon
583
79&81J
Total
79
80
4
42
Citations
81
Myophysiology
46
49
~.mbr{)ugh
I) M.
{’omrol
of acerylcholine
receptOr$
muwle. Ph.wt(>l, Rev, 59: )65-2 17, 1979. Carneg]e
Dep[. Embryo L, Baltimore, MD, 81.1512.
38
R
46
21
Nairn
A C & Perrj
01 rabbit
mlngham,
Figure
2:
aPPQr
S V. Calmodulin
ta~l \keletal
muw’le.
Dept. thochem.,
—_
and myoi!n
Llm<hem.
B]rmlngham,
The 1979 lIt’e wmce~ artwle~ wh)ch are among the I(KJ mm-cited
date,.
in tigUre I mainl) becauw 01 late publwatio”
In $kele~al
Inst.
Wa\htngton,
Ilgh(-chain
klnaw
1979. Unlv
LIK. 8(MK!45; 81-WM&
J, 179:89-97,
]n 1979- 19ffl,
and which
Blr-
do not
Total
Cilalions
79
80
81
2
42
56
I(K3
10
32
~~
97
6
36
46
88
3
39
48
X3
2
37
75
114
0
4!
54
95
u
32
48
88
1979-81
J. RNA proces~lng and Ihc lmer~ening sequence problem.
.lnnu. Rev. flochem
-IX: 1035-69, 1979 L’n!t Cal] f’, t3epI Chem.,
la Jolla, CA. 81-(X02.
Borgeal P & %muelsson
B, Transformation
01 arachldonic acid by
rabbl[ polymorphonuclear
leukocyte?. J. B]ol. C’hem, 254:2643-6, 1979,
Karolm$ka In\[., Dept. Chem., Stockholm, Sweden. 80-0343: 8!-0371,
Bra\o E 1, & Tarwi
R C, Conkert)ng enz]me Inhibition with an
orall> actlte compound !n bypcrtcnslbe man. H,vper[emwn
1;39-46,
Clln!c I-dn., Re\. Di\ , Cle\eland, C)H, 80.0304;
1979. Clmeland
f31-0249.
Cantor H & Gemhon R K. Immunological cirums: cellular compo\ilion. Fed, Proc. 38:2058-M,
1979. Har\ard
Unl\,, Sch. Med.;
S]dne! Farber Cancer In$t., Bo\ton, hl,A; Yale Uni\., Sch. ilcd.,
New Ha\en, CT,
Carpenter
G & Cohen S. Epldermal growth factor. Anr7u. Rev
Sch. Med.,
Bmc?rem. 48:193-216, 1979. Vanderbilt lJm\
Nash\ ]lle, TN.
Chow L T, Broker T 1? & Lewis J B. Complex splw]ng pattern, of
RNAs from the early reglon~ of adenot ]ru$.2. J. ,Mo/, B/o/.
134:265-303, 1979, Cold Spring Harbor Lab , Cold Spring Harbor,
NY. 8M086; 81-CHJ81.
Abehun
Frank
M M.
Hamburger
M 1, Lawle!
T J, Kimberly
R P & Plotz
Defccti\e reticuloendothelial
sy$[em Fc-recep[or function in
~y~!em]c lupus erythemato$u; . .V. .EnE/. J, .&led. 3(X):5 18-23, 1979,
NIH; NCI, NIH; NI,AMDD, NIH, EJethe$da, hlD.
NIAID,
81-1812,
Friz.mll R A. Field M & Schuliz S G. Sodium-coupled
chlorlde
[ran\ port b> epltbel]al [l~sue;. Amer. J. Phy\io/,
236: [- 1-8, 1979. Univ.
Pittsburgh, %-h. Med., P1tt\hurgh, PA; [Jnl!, Chicago, DepI. Med.,
Chicago, 11.: Mount De$erl Idand lhol. Lab., Sal$bury Cove, ME.
P H.
10
33
5(J
93
3
40
42
85
5
39
51
95
Xrikorian J G, Burke J S, Rosenberg S A & Xaplan H S. Occurrence
of non-Hodgkin’\
Iymphoma atter therapy for Hodgk! n’\ dl$ease.
N. Eng/. J. Med. 3W:452-8, 1979. Stanford Unl\., Sch Med.,
S[anford, CA. 8(M%O; 81-0292,
Parodi A J & Leloir L k’. The role of IIpid mtermedlatef
in [he
glyco$ylation of proteini m the eucaryotlc cell. B/och/m. Bioph,w Acla
Research
s59: ].37, ]979. Wellcome
Res. Labs,, Dept, hltcrobiol.,
Triangle Park, NC; lnst. In$es[, Bioqufm. Fund, Campomar,
Bueno\
A}rm, Argent!na, 80.2009,
~
37
50
89
ProekoB
D J. Khirikko
K 1. Tuderman
L & Guzman
N A. Tbe
bio~yntbmis of collagen and IIS dl$orders. .V, .Eng/. J. Med. 301:77-85,
1979. Rutger$ L;nl$., C-oIl. Med. & Denl. New Jerse\, Pl$ca[away, NJ,
80-2608; 81-2868,
584
ToIal
Vllaliorls
‘)79.8 I
79
80
3
35
62
100
8
34
48
‘w
5
39
43
87
1
40
63
104
S. Production
of diglyceride from phospba[idylinositol in activa[ed human platelets. J. C/in, /rrws/. 63:580.7,
1979, Boston Vet. Admln, Med. Ctr,; Boston Univ., Sch. Med.,
Boslon, MA. 80-0520; 81-0558,
Shibala T, DasGrpta
C, Cunningham
R P & Radding c M. Purified
Escherichia coli recA protein catalyze$ homologou~ pa]ring of
superhel ical DNA and \lngle-st randed fragments, Proc. ,var, Ac’arJ,
.SCI. US 76:1638-42, 1979, Yale Univ., Sch. Med., New Haven, CT.
80 1036; 81-0108.
Shoyab M. De Larco J E & Todaro G J. Molog]cally ac[tie phorbol
esters specifically allcr at fin]ty of epidermal grow[h Iac[or membrane
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80-0485; 8 I-0945.
Ritlenhouse-Simmons
Thomas E f), Buckner C 1), Clift R A, Fefer A, Johnson F L,
H, Slorb R
Neiman P E, Sale G K, %rnders J E, Singer J W, Shulman
[ran> plantation for acute nonlymphobla$tic
P L. ilarrow
Ieukemla ]n fir$f remijsion. A’. EtIg/. J. Med. 301.597-9, 1979. Fred
Hu[ch]nson
Cancer Re\. C[r.; Unit Washington, Sch. Med.;
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Hosp., Seatlle, WA. 80-2605; 81-0332.
\olgelstein B & Gillespie D. Preparatl\e and analytical purification of DNA from agarow Proc. ,Aat. A cad. SCJ, US 76:615-9, 1979.
NCI, NIH, Lkhesda, \lD.
Wang J K, Nauss L A & Thomns J E. Pmn relief by intrathecall>
& Weiden
II
7
28
54
93
33
45
85
applied mOrphine in man. A/WSIhC$IO/OK.P 50:149-51,
1979. MasO
Clinic, Depts. Ane\lhe$. & Neurol.; klayo Sch. Med., Rocbewer.
1
42
76
119
1
37
72
I 10
2
41
39
82
1
41
56
98
MN.
80-05 I I ; 81-0547.
Wutson J, Gillis S, Mwbrook J, ?tlochizuki D & Smith K A. LtIochemlcal and biological characterization
of Iympbocyle regulatory
molecules. J. E.rp. Med. 150:849-61, 1979. Uni\. Cab!’. Sch. Med..
Ir\ine, CA; Uni\. Auckland, Dept. Cell f3iol., Auckland, hew
Zealand; Dartmouth Hitchcock Nled. Ctr. & Norris C-ot(on Cancer
C[r., Hano\er, NH. 80-0(X31.
Reil P A, Luse fJ S. %@
J & Roeder R G. Selective and accurale
initiation 01 tranwripl ion at tbe Acf2 major laIe promo[or in a soluble
~ys(em dependent on purified RNA polymerase [1 and DNA. cc//
18:469-84, 1979, Washington Uni\., Sch. Med., St. Loui\, MO,
81-26(XJ.
W’ickner W. The assembly of protein~ into biological membranc~:
the membrane trigger hypo[besis. Antru. Rev. B~ochem. 48:23-45, 1979.
Biol, Inst. & OepI, BIoI. Chem,, Lo\ Angeles, CA.
L!nlv. Calit’.,
MO1.
Wolff
fJ J & Brostrom
dependent
6
33
51
90
regulator
C 0.
pro[mn.
Properties
Adv.
and functions
Cyc/ic
,Nuc. Res.
of [he calciumI I :27-88,
1979.
Ru[gers Uni$., CoIl. Med. & Dem. New Jersey, Dep(. Pharmacol.,
Piwataway, NJ.
k amada K M & Kennedy D W. Fibroblast cellular and plasma
fibronec[]ns are $imilar but nol identical. J. C’e// Bfo/. 80:492-8, 1979.
NC1, NIH, Bethesda, MD. 80-0107; 81-012S.
ISI/BIOMED
cluster. Of the 17 papers
that did not make a cluster, some may
represent concepts that are too new to
have been co-cited often with other
in a
papers. But some are not included
cluster simply because they were cited
too frequently to meet the requirements
of co-citation strength.
Only seven of the papers in Figure 1
are single-author works. Twenty-two
585
papers have two authors, 22 have three,
and 19 have four. Ten papers have five
authors,
seven have six, seven have
seven, three have eight, one has nine,
three have ten, and one has 11 authors.
Twenty authors have more than one
paper on the list. One, P. Leder, has
four papers. Four authors—R.
B. Herberman, E. L. Reinherz, B. Samuelsson,
and S. F. Schlossman—each
have three
Table
1: 1980-1981
research
fronts
which
II .0252
contain
most-cl[ed life sciences papers as core documents. A = research front number. B = research
front name. C = number of 1979 most-cited life
sc]ences papers Included In [he core of each
research front.
Es[rogens and endometrial cancer and
breast cancer
Leuko[rienes and lipoxygenasepafbways
Oefects in the beta-globln gene In
beta-tbalas$emia
Pathology of Legionella pneumonia
SV-40 and polyoma-virus T-antigens
Nucleotide sequences of globm.gene
and other genes
T-cell imbalance in d)sease
1979
11-0371
11.0428
11-0522
11-0817
11-2464
A
80-0@31
Helper and suppressor T-cell factors
in immune respon$e regulation
by and transcrlp[ion
8tLt1319 Transformation
of carcinogenic ~iruses
rranscrlptlon, and
80-CN327 Transformation,
DNA lumor-vmus antigens
8WW43 Leukotnenef and slow reactlrrg
wbstances of anaphylaxi$
80-CQ45 Calmodulin and protein pho\phory -
80-0107
80-0173
80-0229
Assembly of ml[ochondrial
membrane-sys[ems
Structure and blolog]cal ac[lii[y of
fibronectln
Transpomns and moblledispersed-genefic elemen[~
Clin]cal aspects of e~[rogens in
endome[rial
80-0304
of capfopr]l
Expres~ion, regulation, mo!emen[, and
recombination of tran~ formed cell.llnes
Gene-related
Hb di$ea.sej and
80-0359
(halassemla
Geographical analys]s ot
80-0433
Legionnaires-disease
Tumor-promo[or-lnhibitmn
of EGF in
80-0485
myeloid leukemia
80-056JJ Molecular genetics of DNA viruws
Molecular genetics of Ig complexes
80-0594
Initiation of genetic reccrmbinatlon
80-1036
promored by recA prore)n of E. co]!
Interferon-mediated
con[rol of natural
80-1428
killer-cell activit) in Lumor cell~
Monoclinal antibodies react]~e
80-1573
with human cytotoxic T-cell\ in
Iymphocylic malignanc]ej
Analysis of natulal killer-cell actl~it}
802023
]n immunodeficlency
SIruclure of procollagen and collagen
80-2608
types in related diseases
Sarcoma-virus transforming-protei
rr~
81-0318
Organ] za~]on, rearrangement and Ig
81-0039
gene-ekpresslon
Calmodulin interaction with myofin
81-0046
Iighl-chain-kinase
E. coli recA protein act!vltie~
81-0108
81-0125 Slruclure and function of fibroncctin
structure and
81-0140 Cytochrome-c-oxidase
the mi!ochondrial genome
Prm ]ral DNA of ret rot irus, chromo81-0193
some in[egra!ion and RNA
\ Iral-transformation
81-0246 Cholecy$lokinin recep[ors in brain
8 I-0249 Stud,es of the angiotensln-converting
enzyme-i nhib](or caplopril
2
2
2
2
2: The 27 journals represented on [he Ilst of
102 1979 life \cicnceJ paperj
mCIT[
cited
(n
1979-1980, The “umber) in parentheses are !he im-
4
pact
factorj
for
I he
Journal\.
( Impact
equals
number ot ciratmn$ rt!ct’wed by articles
publisbed ]n that Journal. ) Data were taken from
the 1979 Journul <’[(a[ (or! .Repnrw
The figures
at the right indlca[e [be number of papers from
each Journal whlcb appears on the I(st.
average
2
2
Proc. NicI. Acad. SC,. tJS(8.9)
Na[urc (5.9)
Cell (13.6)
N, Engl LJ. \led. (13.6)
Ann. Intern. Med. (5.6)
Science (5.7)
J. lmmunol. (5 8)
Annu. Rev. f3iochem. (27.7)
iJrain Rc\. (3. f3}
[mmunol. Rev. (Il.?)
J. L3iol. Chem. (6.1)
J. Cell Biol. (8.4)
1. Exp. \led. (9,7)
I ]le Sci. (3.1)
Nucl. Acid. Re~. (4.4)
,Annu Re\. Gene[. (7.6)
Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. TOXICOI,(6.1)
Antimicrob. Agent, (’h.emo[her. (3. 1)
Bmchem Biophy\. Re\. Commun. (3.3)
Biocbem, J (2.9)
Biocbml. EJloph)\. Ac[a (2.9)
Oiabe[ologla (4 6)
Eur. J. Immunol. (4.9)
.1. Virol. (4.5)
I.ancet (8.5)
Ph>siol Rm. (19.9)
%’irolog~ (3.8)
2
in renal
hyper(en~!on
~
Table
3
2
cancer
Pharmacok.ine(ics
4
4
~
Iation regula[lon
80-0105
11-2489
2
2
2
80-0341
2
6
2
2
2
5
2
~
3
3
2
4
5
24
16
14
9
4
4
3
2
~
~
2
~
~
2
2
I
I
I
I
1
1
1
I
I
1
1
I
Fifteen
authors
have two
papers.
papers—G, D. Bonnard, J. Y. Djeu, S.
Hammarstr6m,
H. T. Holden, K. Huppi, T. Mania(is, E. E. Max, R. J. Miller,
R. C. Murphy,
J. R. Ortaldo,
H.
Sakano, J. G. Seidman, S. H. Snyder, S.
Tonegawa, and D. J. Weatherall.
The papers in this study were published in the 27 journals listed in Table 2.
2
2
2
~
4
2
~
586
The institutional affiliations of the authors
on the list, and [he number of papers produced by
each institution,
Table 3:
Basel Inst. Immunol.
Base], Switzerland
Beth Israel Hospital
Boston, MA
Boston Ci[y Hospital, MA
Boslon Univ., MA
California Inst, Technology
Pasadena, CA
Carnegie lnst. Washington
Baltimore, MD
Children’s Hosp. Med. Ctr., Boston, MA
City of Hope Nat, Med. Ctr.
Duarte, CA
CNRS, France
Inst. Chim. Biol,, Strasbourg
Inst. PasIeur, Paris
Cold Spring Harbor Lab., NY
Columbia Univ. CoIl. Physicians
& Surgeons, NY
Cornell Univ. Med. CoIl., NY
Fed. Univ. Minas Gerais
Belo Horizon[e, Brazil
Framingham Heart Disease Epidemiol.
Study, MA
Fox Chase Cancer Ctr., Phila., PA
Genentech, Inc., San Francisco, CA
Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound
Seattle, W’A
Hacettepe Umv., Ankara, Turkey
Harvard Univ. and Sch. Med.
Cambridge, MA
Hoffmann-La Roche, Nutley, NJ
Howard Hughes Med. Inst., Seattle, WA
Imperial Cancer Research Fund
London, UK
Imperial CoIl., London, UK
Jichi Med. %h., Tochigi-ken, Japan
Johns Hopkins Un!v., Baltimore, MD
Justus L]eblg Univ., Giessen, FRG
Karolinska Inst., Stockholm, Sweden
Kyoto Uni\’., Japan
Lit[on Llionetics, Inc.
Kensington, MD
.Massachussetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Massachusetts Inst. Technology
Cambridge, MA
Max Planck Inst., Ttibingen, FRG
McGill Uni\., Montreal, Canada
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI
Millard Fillmore Hosp., Buffalo, NY
MRC Lab. Mol. Biol,, Cambridge, UK
National Irrstifutes of Health
NCI
NHLB[
NICHHD
N[DR
NIMH
N[NCDS
2
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
I
2
I
I
1
1
1
I
1
13
1
I
3
1
1
3
1
4
1
2
I
4
3
1
1
I
2
16
5
1
5
I
2
2
Newcastle Gen. Hosp., Newcastle
upon Tyne, UK
Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN
Ortho Pharmaceutical Corp.
Raritan, NJ
Peter Bent Brigham Hospital
Boston, MA
PrinceIon Univ., NJ
Radcliffe [nfirmary
Oxford, UK
Roche Inst. Mol. Biol., Nutley. NJ
Rockefeller Univ., New York, NY
Royal Victoria Infirmary,
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Rutgers Univ., Pi.scataway, NJ
Salk Inst. Biol. Studies, La Jolla, CA
Sidney Farber Cancer InsI., Boston, MA
SUNY, Buffalo, NY
S!anford Univ., CA
Tokyo Metropolitan Inst. Med.
Science, Japan
Univ. Aarhus, Denmark
Univ. Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Univ. Arizona, Tucson, AZ
Univ. Basel, Switzerland
Univ. Birmingham, UK
Univ. British Columbia
Vancouver, Canada
Univ. CahfOrnia
Berkeley
Los Angeles
San Francisco
Univ. Chicago, IL
Uni\. G8ttingen, FRG
Univ. Lausanne, Switzerland
Univ. Le)den, the Netherlands
Univ. London, UK
Univ. Oxford, UK
Univ. Pennsylvania, Phila., PA
Univ. Perugia, Italy
Univ. Texas Health Sciences Ctr.
Dallas, TX
Uni\’. Tokyo, Japan
Univ. Uppsala, Sweden
Univ. Washington, Seattle, WA
Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI
Univ. Wyoming, Laramie, WY
US Public Health Service
CIrs. Disease Control, Atlanta, GA
Vet. Admin. Med. Ctr., Tucson, AZ
Vet, Admin., Wadsworth Med. Ctr.,
Los Angeles, CA
Wellcome Res. Labs., Kent, UK
Wellcome Res. Labs., Research
Triangle Park, NC
Yale Univ. and Sch. Med., New Haven, CT
1
I
I
I
2
1
1
3
1
I
2
6
1
7
I
1
2
1
I
I
I
7
I
2
4
2
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
I
I
I
I
2
1
1
I
1
2
The top three journals accounted for
more than half of the papers. As in past
studies, these journals are Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of
587
(he USA (24 papers),
Nature (16), and
Cell (14). This also illustrates a bias in
the study. As in other studies of high impact papers, those in fields like molecular biology will dominate,
not only
because there are so many of them, but
because they contain on the average
close to 30 references per paper.
The authors in this study came from
79 institutions in 13 countries. These are
listed in Table 3. As in past studies, a
majority of the institutions,
48, are in
the US. Ten institutions are in the UK,
four are in Japan, and three each are in
the Federal Republic of Germany and
Switzerland.
Canada, the Netherlands,
and Sweden each have two of the institutions, while Brazil, Denmark,
France,
Italy, and Turkey each have one. The
National Institutes of Health again account for more papers, 16, than any
other institution.
Harvard University is
second, with 13 papers, Without exception, all of the papers in this study were
published
in English.
The papers in Figure I fall into 12
broad
subject
categories:
molecular
genetics,
neuroendocrino
logy/ neurophysiology, virology, immunology, cancer research, cell biology/biochemistry,
immunogenetics,
pharmacology,
endocrinology, bacteriology, pathology, and
myophysiology.
The molecular genetics
papers are subdivided into nucleic acid
structure, general gene expression and
regulation, and globin gene expression,
The cancer research papers are divided
into basic and clinical papers.
Fourteen
molecular genetics papers
deal with nucleic acid structure,
including the most-cited
paper in this
study. That paper, by S. Nakanishi and
colleagues,
Kyoto University,
Japan,
reports the nucleotide sequence of a segment of precursor DNA of two pituitary
hormones. The fourth most-cited paper,
by G. M. Wahl and colleagues, also appears in this group. It deals with the
analysis and purification of DNA fragments. That paper received 116 citations.
Nine molecular genetics papers are
concerned with general gene expression.
These papers deal largely with the process of transforming cells by the addition
of other genes, and the process of DNA
repair. Eight additional papers reported
on the structure and characteristics
of
genes for hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying component of blood.
The 13 neuroendocrinology
lneurophysiology papers include the second
most-cited
paper in this study. That
paper, by J. W. Kebabian and D. B.
Caine, discusses receptors
for dopamine, an important
neurotransmitter,
Four papers extend the knowledge of endogenous opiates, such as enkephalin,
and their receptors. Other papers deal
with the transmission
of messages
through the ner~fous system, and the
identification of certain hormones which
affect the nervous system.
Nearly all of the 11 virology papers
are concerned with viruses which produce tumors in animals. These include
the polyoma virus and simian virus 40
(SV 40). Three papers in this group deal
with the latter. Papers on SV 40 were
also well represented in our study of the
highly cited papers of 1978.2
There are ten immunology papers in
this study. As in previous years, considerable interest is focused on T cells. Four
papers in this group deal with T cells,
which can recognize harmful antigens
and regulate the production of appropriate antibodies. Two papers in this group
deal with interferon.
Two of the four clinical cancer research papers are concerned with estrogen-induced cancer of the endometrium,
or uterine lining. The others discuss the
use of the drug bromocriptine
to reduce
pituitary tumors, and the risk of skin
cancer as a side effect of a treatment for
588
psoriasis.
The three basic cancer research papers examine the process by
which agents promote or induce tumors.
There are seven cell biology/biochemistry papers in this study. The one
by J. L. Goldstein and colleagues is the
third most-cited paper on the list, with
126 citations.
This review article discusses receptor-mediated
endocytosis,
the process by which proteins and peptides enter cells. Other papers in this
group deal with various aspects of cell
chemistry.
Immunogenetics
accounts
for six
papers.
Five of them deal with the
genetic determinants
of immunoglobin,
a protein with antibody properties. The
paper by J. Klein discusses the major
histocompatibility
complex (MHC), a
series of genes that defines each individual’s immune “identity. ” The MHC also
defines the compatibility
of recipients
for organ transplants.
The five pharmacology
papers each
deal with a different specific drug. The
paper by J. J. Schentag and colleagues
concerns cimetidine, an important new
drug for treating peptic ulcers, a topic
which 1 have discussed in a previous
essay.b The paper discusses “mental
confusion”
as a possible side effect
when the drug is administered
to patients with liver or kidney dysfunction.
Three of the four papers in the endocrinology group deal with insulin, the
hormone that regulates the body’s use of
sugars for fuel. The paper by K. J. Catt
and colleagues is a review of the hormonal regulation of peptide receptors.
Two of the three bacteriology papers
discuss the identification
and classification of the Legionnaires’
disease bacterium. Papers on Legionnaires’ disease
also appeared in past studies in this
series.
Of the three pathology papers, one is
a review of the relationship
between
serum cholesterol
and atherosclerosis:
589
one deals with collagen,
the major
molecule of connective tissue; and one
discusses arachidonic
acid metabolizes,
substances
which contract
and dilate
blood vessels and muscles.
The list is completed by two papers in
myophysiology,
the study of muscle
function. The paper by D. M. Fambrough is a review of receptors
for
acetylcholine,
a neurotransmitter,
in
skeletal muscle. The paper by A. C.
Nairn and S. V. Perry describes the relationship
between
myosin light-chain
kinase and the protein
calmodtdin.
Myosin light-chain
kinase “activates”
myosin, the most abundant protein in
muscle, which is a component responsible for muscle contraction
and relaxation.
Most of the papers in Figure 1 will
continue to be highly cited in years to
While
there
have been no
come.
definitive
studies,
citation
frequency
$hortly after publication is one of the
Dest indicators of future citation frequency. It is important to note that some
Iigh impact 1979 papers did not make
he list simply because of publication ar.ifacts. Some papers are excluded be:ause they were published late in the
{ear, while others bear “false” publication dates.T In Figure 2, we’ve listed the
1979 papers that would have been in:Iuded if we had taken 1981 citations ino account.
Some of these, however,
nay be examples of “delayed recogniion”s for a variety of reasons.
In closing, let me remind you that the
Iominance of molecular biology in these
ists is in part due to the size of the
biochemical literature as well as the high
lumber of references per paper. These
ists could easily be extended both commehensively and selectively. If any jourIal editor is interested in learning more
~bout the most-cited papers in his or her
ournal, please do not hesitate to contact
in the
S1 Search Service. 9 Furthermore.
near future, you will be able to call up
lists of core papers in the ISI search
system for any of the 3,000 biomedical
research fronts we identify .each year. Of
course, there are similar core literatures
for mathematics, earth sciences, etc.
The next essay in this series will examine the 1979 physical sciences papers
that were
publication.
highly
cited
shortly
after
*****
M.v thanks [o Susan Fell Evans and
Dorothy
Silver Jor their help in the
preparation of this essay.
o~sal1s8
REFERENCES
1. Garfield E. 1978 articles
cited in 1978 and 1979. 1. Physical sciences.
Philadelphia:
1S1 Press, 1981. Vol. 4.p. 674-85.
2. --------------. The 1978 articles most cited in 1978 and 1979, 2. Life sciences.
Essays
ofuninforma(ion
scier!ri.$r.
Philadelphia:
1S1 Press, 1981. VOI.4. p. 686-95,
3. --------------. ABCsof cluster mapping. Parts 1 &2. Most actike fields inthe life and
physical sciences in 1978, Essays ofun lnfor?nu[lonscienr~sr.
Philadelphia:
1S1 Press, 1981. Vol. 4, p. 634-49,
4. --------------. 1S1’5 on-line system makes searching so easy e~en a scientist can do it:
auromatic
indexing
& ISt/’BIOMED
SEARCH.
introducing METADE,X
mos[
Essa,vs ojaninformlafion
Curretr[
Conrenfs
5. institute
for Scientific
Philadelphia:
1S1,
6, Garfield
E. All about
scienrisf.
(4):5-8, 26 January
1981.
information.
lndex[o
research
1982. 318P.
fronts
in IS1/BIO,V~ED~~~
and how Iirtle we know,
Philadelphia:
1S1 Press,
7, .. . . . . . ..---... Fa)sepub[ication
da(es and other rip-offs.
Essa.vs ofaninforma/ion
scien~is/.
Philadelphia:
1S1 Press,
8, --------------. Premature disco\eryordelayed
recognition—why?
Essa.vs ofan~t~formu[[oti
scientist.
Philadelphia:
lSI Pre$>,
9. --------------. lSI custom search and research ser~ices, small and
tional clientete. Currenf Con[enfs (25):5-8, 21 June 1982.
1982,
ulcers, antacids,
Essa.vs ofaninformafion
scien[isr.
590
t981. Vol. 4. P. 666-73.
1980, Vol. 3. p. 488-91,
1981. Vol. 4.p. 488-93,
large, ser~ean interna-