C15L3 The Excretory System

The Excretory System
C15L3
Primary functions
1. the removal of wastes and foreign
substances and excess substances
from the blood
2. the temporary collection and storage
of these substances
3. the elimination of these substances
from the body
4. regulates the level of fluid in the body
The excretory system is made of
four body systems.
Functions of the Excretory System
(cont.)
The digestive
system
collects and
removes
undigested
solids from
the foods you
eat.
Functions of the Excretory System
(cont.)
The urinary
system processes,
transports,
collects, and
removes liquid
waste from the
body.
Functions of the Excretory System
(cont.)
The
respiratory
system
removes carbon
dioxide and
water vapor
from the body.
Functions of the Excretory System
(cont.)
The integumentary system, which includes
the skin, secretes excess salt and water
through sweat glands.
Organs of the urinary system
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Organs of the urinary system
The organs of the
urinary system
work together to
process, transport,
collect and excrete
liquid waste.
Organs of the urinary system
• The bean-shaped organ
that filters, or removes,
wastes from blood is the
kidney.
• The body has two
kidneys, one on each
side of the body, near
the back wall of the
abdomen, above the
waste, and below the rib
cage.
Kidney function
filter wastes
from the blood
and excretes
them in a
liquid called
urine
Kidney
Blood flows
into the kidney
by way of the
renal artery
Kidney
nephron: a
network of
capillaries and
small tubes, or
tubules, in the
kidneys, where
filtration of
blood occurs.
Nephron
Your entire
blood supply
is filtered by
your kidneys
around 60
times each
day.
main components of urine
•Urea
•Uric acid
•Water (95%)
•Sodium
chloride
Abnormal Colors of Urine
color
cause or disorder
Dark brown but clear Cirrhosis, acute viral
hepatitis
Greenish
jaundice
Milky
infection producing
pus
Abnormal Colors of Urine
color
Pink, red, or lighter
brown
cause or disorder
infection and
hemorrhage in
urinary system
Dark yellow or orange B complex or
carotene; medication
Abnormal Components of Urine
component
cause
Glucose
diabetes mellitus
Protein
kidney disease or
heart disease
diabetes mellitus,
starvation
Acetone
Abnormal Components of Urine
component
cause
Amino Acid Crystals severe liver disease
Uric Acid
Crystals
gout
ureters
Urine leaves each
kidney through a
tube called the
ureter and goes
to the urinary
bladder
urinary bladder
muscular bag
that
temporarily
stores urine
urethra
tube that
leads from
the bladder
to the outside
of the body
urethra
Urine leaves the
bladder through a
tube called the
urethra which
contains circular
muscles called
sphincters that
control the release
of urine.
Disorders and Diseases of
the Urinary System
Urinary Disorders
KIDNEY FAILURE
abnormal condition in which the
kidneys fail to form urine. This
disorder may be caused by
physical injury, bacterial
infections, or exposure to toxic
chemicals
KIDNEY STONES
FLOATING KIDNEY
(nephroptosis)
a kidney that has been jarred from it usual location and
has become movable; caused by a severe injury or blow
to the lower back; can occur after a very overweight
person reduces body fat
The Excretory System and Homeostasis
The excretory system helps maintain
homeostasis by filtering wastes from
the blood and removing wastes from
the digestive system.
The excretory system also interacts
with the hypothalamus of the nervous
system to help maintain homeostasis.