The Nervous System Lesson Outline LESSON 1 A.

Name
Date
Class
Chapter 18
Lesson Outline
LESSON 1
The Nervous System
A. Functions of the Nervous System
1. The part of an organism that gathers, processes, and responds to information is
the
.
2. A(n)
is a change in an organism’s environment that
causes a response.
3. Because people are constantly reacting to changes in their environments, the
nervous system helps maintain
their internal environment.
, or the regulation of
B. Neurons
1. The basic functioning units of the nervous system are
.
2. Nerve cells have the following three parts:
receive
information from another neuron or from another cell in your body;
processes information; and the
sends information to other cells in the body.
3.
neurons send information about the environment to
4.
neurons send information from the brain or spinal
cord to tissues and organs in the body.
5.
connect sensory and motor neurons. The gap
between two neurons is called a(n)
.
C. The Central Nervous System
1. The
has two parts: the brain and the spinal cord.
2. The CNS (central nervous system) receives, processes, stores, and
transfers
.
3. The part of the brain that controls memory, language, and thought is
the
.
4. The part of the brain that coordinates voluntary muscle movement and regulates
balance and posture is the
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.
Control and Coordination
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
the brain or spinal cord.
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Date
Class
C18L1
Lesson Outline continued
5. The area of the brain that controls involuntary functions is
the
6. The
.
is a tubelike structure of neurons. It sends
information back and forth between the
the body.
and the rest of
D. The Peripheral Nervous System
1. The
has sensory neurons and motor neurons that
transmit information between the CNS and the rest of the body.
2. The
system of the PNS (peripheral nervous system)
controls skeletal muscles.
3. The
system of the PNS regulates involuntary actions
such as dilating blood vessels and the beating of the heart. It also controls cardiac
muscles and
muscles.
E. Nervous System Health
1.
injuries are the most common way the nervous system
can be damaged.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2.
is loss of muscle function and sometimes loss of
feeling. The injured nerves can no longer send and receive signals.
3. An automatic movement in response to a stimulus is
a(n)
.
4. Many
affect the nervous system by speeding up or
slowing down the communication between neurons.
F. The Nervous System and Homeostasis
1. The body maintains
by receiving information from the
environment and responding to it.
2. The nervous system senses changes in the
and signals
other systems to make adjustments.
Control and Coordination
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