Chemistry making a world of difference Facts and Figures The European chemicals industry

Facts and Figures
The European chemicals industry
from a worldwide perspective
September 2012
The 2012 Cefic European
Facts & Figures provides
an analysis of the latest
competitiveness trends in the
European chemicals industry
Released each year, the Cefic European Facts and
Figures document provides the most up-to-date
information based on currently available data
about the sector.
What the document contains
Facts & Figures provides a clear analysis that gives
readers an economic picture of the European
chemicals industry. The analysis excludes the
pharmaceuticals sector unless specified.
Readership
It is an important reference document used primarily
by industry analysts, researchers, policymakers and
chemicals companies.
The importance of Europe’s chemicals sector
The chemicals industry is one of the European
Union’s most international, competitive and
successful industries, embracing a wide field
of processing and manufacturing activities.
The output of the chemicals industry, which
includes all 27 EU member states, covers
a wide range of chemicals products. It supplies
virtually all sectors of the economy and provides
a significant contribution to EU net exports.
Asian chemicals production surpassed that of the rest of the world
1,600
1,400
118
175
Chemicals sales (€ billion)
1,200
397
1,000
800
735
600
103
539
400
470
200
150
0
Asia
Europe
China
EU
NAFTA
Rest of Asia
Rest of Europe*
57
Latin America
Japan
Rest of the world
South Korea
World chemicals sales in 2011 are valued at € 2,744 billion.
The European Union accounts for 19.6% of the total.
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
* Rest of Europe = Switzerland, Norway and other Central & Eastern Europe
(excluding the new EU−12 countries)
Chemicals sales 2011 (€ billion)
China − by far the biggest chemicals producer
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
734.8
408.7
175.3
China
USA
156.4
118.3
Japan Germany South
Korea
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
87.9
83.0
Brazil
France
62.1
Taiwan
56.9
55.3
Russia Netherlands
Emerging economies outpace industrial countries
in chemicals production
World Sales
30
Percentage share
2011: €2,744 billion
29.8
27.6
25
20
2001: €1,407 billion
26.8
19.6
18.8
17.1
15
14.0
10
10.7
8.1
6.4
5
4.5
5.5
2.7
0
EU
NAFTA
Japan
Rest of Asia* China
Latin
America
3.8
Rest of
Europe
2.6 2.0
Rest of
the world
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
* Asia excluding China and Japan
EU market share nearly halved in 20 years
40
600
550
36%
500
524
539
450
30
400
413
350
300
250
35
25
365
20
331
20%
295
15
200
150
10
100
5
50
0
0
1991
1995
1999
EU chemicals sales (€ billions)
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
2003
2007
EU share of world market (%)
2011
Eight countries account for 90% of European chemicals production
Sales 2011: €539 billion
Percentage shares
IT
9.7%
UK
8.6%
ES
7.2%
NL
10.3%
BE
6.4%
PL
2.5%
Others
10.9%
FR
15.4%
DK
PT 0.7%
0.8%
HU
0.9%
Others
3.1%
FI
1.2%
CZ
1.3%
DE
29.0%
AT
1.3%
SE
1.6%
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Petrochemicals and specialty chemicals accounted for half
of EU chemicals sales in 2011
Percentage of sales by sub-sector
Consumer chemicals 12.3%
Petrochemicals 24.7%
Specialties 25.3%
Auxiliaries for industry
Basic inorganics 13.4%
Paints & inks
Crop protection
Dyes & pigments
Other inorganics
Industrial gases
Fertilizers
Polymers 24.3%
Plastics
Synthetic rubber
Man-made fibres
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
The EU chemicals industry supplies virtually all sectors
of the economy
Customer sectors of the EU chemicals industry
Percentage of output consumed by customer sector
100
Other business activities 7.4%
Furniture 2.1%
Electrical machinery and apparatus 2.2%
Publishing and printing 2.3%
Wood 2.6%
Food and beverages 2.6%
Machinery and equipment 2.8%
Fabricated metal products 3.1%
Other non-metallic mineral products 3.1%
Textiles 3.2%
Basic metals 4.3%
Automotive 4.3%
Pulp and paper 4.6%
Service 4.9%
Wholesales & retail trade 5.1%
Other manufacturing 5.4%
Agriculture 7.0%
Construction 7.9%
Health and social work 11.2%
Rubber and plastics 13.9%
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Sources: European Commission, Eurostat data (Input-Output 2000) and Cefic Analysis
EU internal market drives intra-EU chemicals trade
550
500
400
92.6
74.0
€ billion
148.6
236.6
80.4
350
300
134.2
107.2
450
104.0
269.6
195.9
161.3
202.9
250
200
150
197.3
171.1
169.3
180.2
100
113.1
135.2
50
0
2001
2003
Home country sales
Source: Cefic Chemdata International
2005
2007
Intra-EU exports
2009
2011
Extra-EU exports
Strong EU chemicals trade surplus continues in 2011
140
Trade flows (€ billions)
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
24.2
29.8
32.2
2003
2005
42.4
43.4
2009
2010
42.5
32.2
0
2001
2007
Extra-EU balance
Extra-EU exports
2011
Extra-EU imports
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Extra-EU chemicals trade grows with emerging markets
2006: €170 billion
2011: €226 billion
35
30
30.2
Percentage share
25
20
26.3 26.4
22.9
22.1
19.4
15
10
8.5
5
6.3
5.5
5.3
5.2 5.8
4.7
6.2
0
NAFTA
Rest of
Europe
Asia*
Japan
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Trade = extra-EU exports + extra-EU imports
* Asia excluding Japan and China
China
Africa
Latin
America
2.6 2.6
Rest of
the world
Extra-EU trade rates maintain high growth pace
8
Average growth in value (% p.a.)
7
6.8
6
6.6
6.0
5.5
5
4
3
3.8
3.5
2
1
1.3
1.1
0
Sales
Extra-EU exports
Growth rate 2001-2006
Extra-EU imports
Consumption*
Growth rate 2006-2011
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
* Consumption = total sales - exports + imports
Has the trend decrease in employment levels in the
EU chemicals industry halted?
1.5
1.42
1.36
Employment (in millions)
1.27
1.22
1.0
1.15
1.19
0.5
0.0
2002
Source: Eurostat
2004
2006
2008
2010
2011
Labour productivity in the EU chemicals industry higher than
manufacturing average
140
135
Index (2001 = 100)
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
Chemicals (2001-2011 average growth p.a. 2.9%)
Manufacturing (2001-2011 average growth p.a. 2.5%)
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Analysis
Labour cost per employee in the EU chemicals industry
increased by 36% in 10 years
140
135
Index (2001 = 100)
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
2001
2003
2005
2007
Chemicals (2001-2011 average growth p.a. 3.1%)
Manufacturing (2001-2011 average growth p.a. 3.0%)
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Analysis
2009
2011
Capital spending including pharmaceuticals (US $ billion)
China and the rest of Asia-Pacific attract the bulk
of chemicals investment
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2001
2003
2005
2007
North America
Latin America
China and rest of Asia Pacific
Western Europe
2009
2011
Africa & Middle East
Central & Eastern Europe
Source: American Chemistry Council (ACC)
Energy intensity halved in 20 years
180
170
Index (1990 = 100)
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
100.0
70
77.2
60
66.0
57.6
50
40
1990
1994
Energy consumption
1998
2002
Chemicals production
47.6
46.6
2006
2010
Energy intensity
Sources: Eurostat and Cefic Chemdata International
Energy intensity is measured by energy input per unit of chemicals production
(including pharmaceuticals)
Greenhouse gas emissions halved in 20 years, while production
grew by 70%
180
170
160
150
Index (1990 = 100)
140
130
120
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
Chemicals production (including pharmaceuticals)
Greenhouse gas emissions
Sources: Cefic Chemdata International and European Environment Agency (EEA)
Greenhouse gas intensity has fallen by 71% since 1990
120
110
100
Index (1990 = 100)
90
80
70
60
-38%
50
40
-71%
30
20
1990
1994
1998
Greenhouse gas emissions
per unit of energy consumption
2002
2006
2010
GHG intensity (Greehouse gas
emissions per unit of production)
Sources: Eurostat, European Environment Agency (EEA) and Cefic Chemdata International
Including pharmaceuticals
Publisher
The European Chemical Industry Council, or Cefic,
publishes the document each September from its office
in Brussels. An important voice for the European chemical
industry, Cefic represents 29,000 companies that employ
about 1.1 million people.
Media enquiries
Members of the media may schedule an interview
with Cefic Chief Economist Dr. Moncef Hadhri by
contacting James Pieper, media relations manager,
Cefic, on +32 (0)2 676 73 98 or via email at [email protected]
General enquiries
For more information about the 2012 Facts & Figures,
e-mail Dr. Moncef Hadhri directly on [email protected]
or call him on +32 (0)2 676 72 82
To learn more about
Facts and Figures
Cefic sustainability report
Cefic’s first-ever sustainability report
is available now. The report provides
a benchmark for the industry based
on the latest data on the European
chemicals industry’s sustainability
performance, including a review of Key
Peformance Indicators that measure
the sector’s performance over time.
It also provides overview of the sector’s
contributions to sustainability.
See the report, titled The chemical industry in Europe:
Towards Sustainability 2011-2012:
www.cefic.org/sustainability-report-2012
Sustainability of products report
Cefic has also published its new
Sustainability of products report
that provides an introduction to how
sustainability may apply to chemicals
in practice. The report addresses the
importance of using sound science,
a critical element to ensure industry,
society and governments make good
choices in terms of product selection,
technology options and framework
conditions. Today, resource efficiency
is becoming as important an element
of the sustainability of products as
chemicals safety.
See the report, titled Product sustainability – What is it all
about? at: www.cefic.org/sustainabilityofproducts
To learn more about
sustainability
Cefic - The European Chemical Industry Council
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a world of difference
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