2007 ECONOMIC REPORT OF THE GOVERNOR Jennifer M. Granholm Governor of Michigan

2007 ECONOMIC REPORT
OF THE GOVERNOR
Jennifer M. Granholm
Governor of Michigan
2007 ECONOMIC REPORT
OF THE GOVERNOR
Jennifer M. Granholm, Governor
Transmitted to the Michigan Legislature
April 2008
April 2008
To the Members of the Michigan Legislature and the People of the State of Michigan:
This document, the 2007 Economic Report of the Governor, has been prepared to describe to you the
current economic challenges we are facing, and update you on some of the important steps we have taken
to meet those challenges.
In last year’s report we discussed the painful transition Michigan is undertaking. Michigan has been
losing jobs since 2000 as the domestic auto companies have restructured to better compete in the global
market. The abundance of high-paying manufacturing jobs that brought prosperity to the state in the 20th
Century will not be there to ensure prosperity in the 21st Century. While manufacturing will continue to
be important to Michigan, Michigan will need to pursue jobs in a number of areas to succeed.
In the past couple of years, Michigan has made important progress in laying the groundwork for the
future. Michigan replaced the outdated single business tax with the Michigan business tax, a tax designed
to make Michigan more business friendly and attract businesses to the state. Recently the Governor
signed a film incentive package that gives Michigan the best incentives in the nation to make movies. Our
economic plans include engaging in the largest tourism promotion effort in Michigan history; creating
jobs while providing $800 million in infrastructure for our colleges and universities and other public
facilities; committing $300 million in new investment for job creating companies that need assistance
with capital; revising the incentives offered by the Michigan Economic Growth Authority to make them
more flexible and competitive, and providing new tools for growing the alternative energy industry.
Michigan has put in place a new rigorous high school curriculum so that our students will be better
prepared for the jobs of the future. Michigan has enacted the Michigan Promise scholarship to help
ensure access to college for all Michigan families. The No Worker Left Behind program provides
training opportunities to workers adversely affected by the recent economic shifts. There is more work to
be done, but we have made significant progress.
I hope this report provides useful information to individuals, policymakers, and businesses on where our
great state stands, and I hope it stimulates discussion to generate the great ideas that will keep our state
moving forward.
Sincerely,
Jennifer M. Granholm
Governor
JENNIFER M. GRANHOLM
STATE OF MICHIGAN
DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY
ROBERT J. KLEINE
GOVERNOR
LANSING
STATE TREASURER
April 2008
The Honorable Jennifer M. Granholm
Governor of Michigan
State Capitol
Lansing, Michigan 48909
Dear Governor Granholm:
It is my pleasure to submit to you the 2007 Economic Report of the Governor. The Report
highlights the economic challenges being faced by our state and some of the important steps
being undertaken to address these challenges.
The Report provides an overview of Michigan’s economy and recent economic events and the
challenges created by these events. The report then discusses the numerous reform efforts
underway. In addition, the report contains detailed statistical tables describing a number of
important features of Michigan’s economy.
We hope this report provides useful information to individuals, policymakers, and businesses
which will help them in decision making as they strive to make our state a better place to live
and work.
Sincerely,
Robert J. Kleine
State Treasurer
Acknowledgements
This Report was prepared by the staff of the Office of Revenue and Tax Analysis of the
Michigan Department of Treasury. Important contributions were made by Diane Burton, Evah
Cole, Scott Darragh, Jeff Guilfoyle, Denise Heidt, Andrew Lockwood, Mindy Parshall and
Thomas Patchak-Schuster.
The Michigan Department of Treasury is solely responsible for the accuracy of the information
presented in this Report.
i
2007 Economic Report
of the Governor
Table of Contents
Introduction............................................................................................ 2
Background on Michigan’s Economy ................................................... 2
Auto Sector Restructuring ..................................................................... 9
Housing................................................................................................ 12
Federal Stimulus Package .................................................................... 14
Michigan Business Tax........................................................................ 15
Moving Michigan Forward .................................................................. 17
Conclusion ........................................................................................... 21
Appendix.............................................................................................. 22
Statistical Tables ..................................................................... 23
ii
Appendix A
Statistical Tables
Table
A-1
A-2
A-3
A-4
A-5
A-6
A-7
A-8
A-9
A-10
A-11
A-12
A-13
A-14
A-15
A-16
A-17
A-18
A-19
A-20
A-21
A-22
A-23
A-24
A-25
A-26
A-27
A-28
A-29
U.S. and Michigan Labor Force and Unemployment ............. 23
Michigan Manufacturing and Durable Goods
Employment............................................................................ 24
Michigan Manufacturing and Nondurable Goods
Employment............................................................................ 25
Michigan Nonmanufacturing and Private ServiceProducing Employment .......................................................... 26
Michigan Payroll Employment by Major Category................ 27
Public Sector Employment in Michigan ................................. 28
State of Michigan Classified Employees by Department
Per Fiscal Year........................................................................ 29
Michigan MSA and County Employment and
Unemployment Rates.............................................................. 30
Michigan Labor Force Statistics by Age, Race and
Sex – 1999 and 2007............................................................... 33
U.S. and Michigan Employment, Employment
Shares, and Location Quotient for 2006 ................................. 34
New Incorporations in Michigan ............................................ 35
U.S. and Michigan Manufacturing Industries Average
Weekly and Hourly Earnings.................................................. 36
Michigan Personal Income, by Major Source......................... 37
Michigan Personal Income, by Industry ................................. 38
U.S. and Michigan Personal and Per-Person Income ............. 39
U.S. and Michigan Real Personal and Per-Person
Income .................................................................................... 40
County and Metro Area Per-Person Income ........................... 41
Michigan Gross State Product by Sector – Millions
of Dollars ................................................................................ 44
U.S. and Detroit Consumers Price Indices and
Inflation Rates – Calendar Year.............................................. 45
U.S. and Detroit Consumers Price Indices and
Inflation Rates – Michigan Fiscal Year .................................. 46
U.S. and Detroit Consumer Price Indices Detail .................... 47
U.S. Interest Rates ................................................................ 48
U.S. and Michigan Resident Population ................................. 49
Michigan Population by County ............................................. 50
U.S. Population, Ranked by State........................................... 53
U.S. Motor Vehicle Stocks, Age, and Michigan
Vehicle Registrations.............................................................. 54
U.S. Motor Vehicle Sales ....................................................... 55
U.S. and Michigan Motor Vehicle Production ....................... 56
New Private Housing Units Authorized in Michigan
MSAs ...................................................................................... 57
iii
A-30
A-31
A-32
A-33
A-34
A-35
A-36
A-37
A-38
A-39
A-40
A-41
A-42
A-43
A-44
A-45
A-46
A-47
A-48
A-49
A-50
Median Price of Existing Homes – Michigan
Metropolitan Areas, 1988-2007 ............................................. 58
10-Year State of Michigan Revenue History ......................... 59
State Revenue Limit Calculation – Article IX
Section 26 ............................................................................... 60
Counter Cyclical Budget and Economic Stabilization
Fund ........................................................................................ 61
Michigan Real Property State Equalized Value (SEV)
by Class................................................................................... 62
Michigan Real Property Taxable Value (TV) by Class .......... 63
Michigan Personal Property State Equalized Value
(SEV) by Class ....................................................................... 64
Michigan Real and Personal Property Values, Taxes
and Tax Rates.......................................................................... 65
Michigan State Equalized Value (Taxable Value),
by Local Unit of Government ................................................. 66
Michigan General Property Taxes, by Local Unit of
Government ............................................................................ 67
Michigan School Property Taxes............................................ 69
Homestead Property Tax Credit.............................................. 70
Historical Distributions of State Revenue Sharing
by Type of Local Unit of Government ................................... 72
State and Local Total Tax Burden Comparisons,
FY 2005 .................................................................................. 73
State and Local Property Tax Burden Comparisons,
FY 2005 .................................................................................. 74
State and Local Sales Tax Burden Comparisons,
FY 2005 .................................................................................. 75
State and Local Income Tax Burden Comparisons,
FY 2005 .................................................................................. 76
Business Taxes as a Share of Total State and Local
Taxes and Private Sector Gross State Product,
Council on State Taxation Estimates, FY 2006 ...................... 77
Total Business Establishments by State.................................. 78
Michigan Major Sector Payroll............................................... 79
Total Private Employment, Payroll, and Number of
Establishments by County ...................................................... 80
iv
2007 Economic Report
of the Governor
1
Introduction
In many ways, 2007 was a difficult year for the state of Michigan. Michigan’s employment
declined for the seventh straight year in 2007. The slowing economy resulted in lower revenues
and the need for significant cuts in both the FY 2007 and FY 2008 state budgets. However, the
state did make significant progress in a number of areas in 2007, including improving the state’s
tax climate, reducing the state’s structural deficit, and improving the state’s cash flow.
As this report will make clear, Michigan’s economic woes can be attributed directly to the
struggles of the domestic automakers. When Michigan’s automakers dominated the world
market, they generated income that led to the prosperity of both workers and shareholders. The
automakers produced an abundance of jobs helping to secure a middle class lifestyle for millions
of Michigan workers. Intense global competition has led to the steady erosion of the market
share of the three Michigan based manufacturers, Ford, GM, and Chrysler (the “Big 3”). The
reduced market share coupled with significant manufacturing productivity increases has reduced
the Big 3’s need for workers and has led to significant downsizing in the state’s automotive
employment.
As the automotive sector begins to stabilize, employment in Michigan will stop falling, and the
state’s economy will begin to grow once again. However, the stabilizing of Michigan’s economy
will not result in an automatic return to prosperity. It is unlikely that the auto industry will be the
engine of economic growth in the future that it was in the past. Michigan will need to turn to
other sources for the high paying jobs of the future. Michigan will be in competition for these
jobs with the other forty-nine states as well as with Europe, China, India, Mexico, and other
rapidly developing countries. To be successful in the future, Michigan needs to put the right
pieces in place now to be competitive. Michigan needs to create a business climate that will
attract businesses to the state, and Michigan needs to train its citizens with the skills that
businesses will be seeking.
Recently, Michigan has made some important strides. Michigan took key steps towards
preparing its workforce for the future with the passage of the Michigan Promise Scholarship and
the enactment of one of the nation’s most rigorous high school curriculums. The business
climate was dramatically improved when the single business tax (SBT) was replaced with the
Michigan business tax (MBT). The MBT is more business friendly than the SBT and it provides
significant incentives to invest in Michigan, to employ Michigan residents, and to perform
research and development in the state.
This report will summarize the current economic climate in Michigan and some of the economic
challenges facing the state. It will discuss the actions that the state is taking to meet those
challenges and prepare the state and its citizens for the future. It is hoped that this report will
provide useful background information to state policymakers and the citizens of this state as they
contemplate future actions the state can take to help ensure that Michigan continues to be a great
place to live and work.
Background on Michigan’s Economy
The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that there were 10,071,800 people in Michigan in 2007,
ranking the state the 8th largest behind California, Texas, New York, Florida, Illinois,
2
Pennsylvania, and Ohio. Michigan’s population has been flat in recent years with the population
increasing by less than 50,000 in 9 of the past 11 years. Michigan’s population actually declined
slightly in 2007 (-30,500) because net migration (-74,300) reduced the state’s population by
more than births less deaths increased it (42,700). Michigan’s negative net migration is not
primarily due to residents leaving the state, but rather is attributable to very low in-migration.
Between 2000 and 2006, Michigan ranked last among the states in annual out-migration.
Michigan out-migration averaged 1.7 percent per year compared to the U.S. average of 2.4
percent. However, Michigan also ranked 49th lowest for in-migration, with in-migration of just
0.5 percent, compared to the national average of 2.8 percent.1
Fewer People Leave Michigan
Than Other States
Average of Annual Rates from 2000-2006
Rate of
Out-Migration
To Other States
State
Rank
United States
2.4%
District of Columbia
Alaska
Wyoming
Hawaii
Nevada
8.3%
7.3%
5.0%
4.5%
4.2%
1
2
3
4
5
California
Ohio
Wisconsin
Texas
Pennsylvania
Michigan
1.9%
1.8%
1.8%
1.8%
1.8%
1.7%
46
47
48
49
50
51
Source: Michigan Department of History, Arts, and Library using U.S. Census data.
1
This information based on data from State Demographer, Ken Darga, March 2008.
3
Fewer People Migrate to Michigan
Average of Annual Rates from 2000-2006
Rate of
In-Migration
State
From Other States Rank
United States
2.8%
District of Columbia
Nevada
Alaska
Wyoming
Arizona
Idaho
7.3%
7.0%
6.0%
5.6%
5.5%
5.3%
1
2
3
4
5
6
Illinois
Ohio
Michigan
Califonia
New York
1.9%
1.8%
1.6%
1.6%
1.2%
47
48
49
50
51
Source: Michigan Department of History, Arts, and Library using U.S. Census data.
Texas, California, and Florida added the most residents between 2000 and 2007 adding 3.1
million, 2.7 million, and 2.3 million residents respectively. Michigan had the 30th largest
increase in residents between 2000 and 2007, adding 133,300 people. By contrast the two states
ranking just below Michigan in overall population added significantly more residents than
Michigan. Georgia added 1,358,000 residents between 2000 and 2007 and now stands just
527,000 residents behind Michigan, while North Carolina added 1,015,000 residents and stands
1,011,000 residents behind Michigan.
In percentage terms, the fastest growing states are generally, but not always, low population
states. Nevada grew the fastest in percentage terms between 2000 and 2007, adding 567,000
residents, representing a 28.4 percent increase. Other fast growing states included Arizona (23.5
percent), Utah (18.5 percent), Georgia (16.6 percent), and Idaho (15.9 percent). Michigan had
the 45th highest percentage increase in population growth with 1.3 percent growth, ahead of
Pennsylvania (1.2 percent), Ohio (1.0 percent), Rhode Island (0.9 percent), West Virginia (0.2
percent), and North Dakota (-0.4 percent).
Michigan’s population is concentrated in the southeastern portion of the state. The state’s three
most heavily populated counties are Wayne, Oakland, and Macomb, which together contain
almost 40 percent of the state’s population. Kent County, the location of the City of Grand
Rapids, contains 6 percent of the state’s population.
Michigan’s most populous counties also represent the highest concentration of Michigan private
sector workers. Wayne, Oakland, and Macomb Counties account for 45 percent of the state’s
private sector employment and 52 percent of the state’s private sector payroll. Kent County has
4
8.5 percent of the state’s private sector employment and 7.9 percent of the state’s private sector
payroll.
Michigan Labor Force Statistics
Unemployment Rate (%)
Category
Age
16 - 24 years
25 - 44 years
45 - 64 years
Over 65 years
All Groups
1999
9.1
2.9
2.0
2.3
3.8
2007
14.0
7.0
4.7
3.5
7.1
Change
4.8 pts
4.0
2.8
1.2
3.3
Labor Force Participation Rate (%)
1999
71.9
85.0
72.9
12.0
68.5
2007
61.6
81.6
70.8
14.1
64.2
Change
-10.2 pts
-3.4
-2.1
2.2
-4.4
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.
Michigan’s civilian labor force consisted of 5,020,000 people in 2007, representing 64.2 percent
of the population 16 and over. Of these workers, 92.9 percent were employed and 7.1 percent
were unemployed. Michigan’s unemployment rate is lower for older workers, with just 3.5
percent of those 65 and older unemployed, compared to 14.0 percent for those ages 16 to 24
years.
Michigan’s unemployment rate was significantly higher in 2007 than it was in 1999, with the
rate rising from 3.8 percent to 7.1 percent. The unemployment rate is calculated with workers
currently in the labor force. Workers that are not employed and that are not currently seeking
work are not part of the labor force. Michigan saw a significant decline in the labor force
participation rate between 1999 and 2007, with the participation rate falling from 68.5 percent to
64.2 percent. This decline is significantly higher than the decline at the national level where
participation fell from 67.1 percent in 1999 to 66.0 percent in 2000. The extensive early
retirement incentives offered by the auto companies over this time period is presumably
responsible for a significant portion of Michigan’s decline. Workers who retire from a job who
do not seek new employment opportunities are no longer included in the labor force and
unemployment statistics.
However, not all of the drop in the participation rate can be attributed to early retirements. The
labor force participation rate for individuals ages 16 to 24 years dropped by 10.2 percentage
points, from 71.9 percent to 61.6 percent. As noted above, this age group also has the highest
unemployment rate. The employment difficulties faced by these workers highlights the need for
programs such as the Michigan Promise Scholarship, and the No Worker Left Behind Program.
5
Michigan payroll employment totaled 4,262,000 in 2007.2 Major employment sectors include
private service producing (66.0 percent of Michigan employment), government (15.4 percent),
manufacturing (14.5 percent), and construction (3.9 percent).
Major sub-sectors in the private service producing category include wholesale and retail trade
(15.5 percent of total state employment), health and education services (14.0 percent),
professional and business services (13.5 percent), and leisure and hospitality (9.5 percent).
Michigan employment has been declining in recent years. Employment peaked in 2000 at
4,676,900, and fell 8.9 percent between 2000 and 2007. The downturn in Michigan employment
is due to the sharp declines in the manufacturing sector employment, which has fallen 31.3
percent since 2000. The manufacturing declines are due primarily to restructuring in the
domestic auto industry.
The manufacturing share of employment has been declining in Michigan and nationwide for
decades. The increased use of capital in production has led to significant productivity
improvements that have allowed goods to be produced with less labor. In the middle part of the
20th Century, manufacturing accounted for approximately half of Michigan employment. By
2007, the manufacturing share of employment had fallen to 14.5 percent, meaning that
manufacturing employment has gone from representing one in two Michigan jobs to just one in
seven jobs.3
Employment growth at the national level was relatively weak between 2001 and 2003, with
national employment growth at 0.0 percent in 2001, -1.1 percent in 2002, and -0.3 percent in
2003. U.S. employment growth turned positive in 2004, with employment growth of 1.1 percent,
and then showed continued improvement in 2005 and 2006 with employment growth of 1.7
percent and 1.8 percent. Growth slowed to 1.1 percent in 2007.
Michigan employment declined continually over this time period, with the sharpest declines
occurring in 2001, 2002, and 2003. As the economic recovery took hold at the national level and
U.S. employment growth improved, Michigan saw progressively smaller employment declines,
with employment falling a marginal 0.2 percent in 2005. However, in 2006 and 2007 Michigan
employment again fell sharply while the national economy continued to add jobs.
2
Michigan labor force, unemployment, and labor force participation statistics use statistics produced by the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics from a survey of households. The industry and employment statistics are from a survey
of payroll employment also produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The household survey includes domestic
and self-employed workers and therefore provides a higher employment total than the survey of employers.
3
Changes in the definitions of industry classifications from SIC to NAICS makes employment data from before
1990 not directly comparable with current statistics, but the reduction in the manufacturing share of employment is
pronounced under both classifications.
6
Change in Michigan Payroll Employment
-0.2%
-0.4%
-1.4%
-1.7%
-1.6%
-1.5%
-2.4%
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
The 2006 Michigan employment decline came as a surprise. The national economy continued to
be strong in 2006 and the initial statistical release put 2006 Michigan employment down just 0.4
percent compared to 2005. In March of 2007, revised Michigan employment statistics were
released indicating that the employment decline for 2006 was in fact -1.1 percent, meaning that
Michigan had lost 49,200 jobs in 2006 in contrast to the originally reported employment decline
of 17,800. Employment from 2006 was revised further in March of 2008, and the decline now
stands at 1.4 percent.
The monthly data showed an even larger decline than the annual averages suggested, with the
originally released December 2006 employment total lowered by 51,000 when the revised data
were released. These employment declines reflect the fact that Michigan’s economy was rapidly
weakening in the fall of 2006. The weakening was not reflected in the initially released
employment statistics, but it was reflected in state revenues. Combined General Fund and
School Aid Fund revenues finished FY 2006 $206 million below the May 2006 Consensus
estimates, and the revenue forecast for these funds for FY 2007 was lowered by $556 million at
the January Conference.
Although auto related employment declined sharply in 2006, this was not the reason for the
revisions. The transportation equipment employment totals were revised downward only slightly
from -8.1 percent to -8.5 percent. Rather the largest revisions occurred in sectors that appeared
to be growing prior to the revisions. Construction employment, which was originally reported to
be flat in 2006, was revised to show a material weakening with the growth rate revised to -4.8
percent. Professional and business services growth was revised from a 3.2 percent increase in
2006 to a 0.7 percent decline.
The 2006 employment revisions materially changed the short term outlook for Michigan’s
economy. Prior to the revisions, it appeared that the strong national economy would provide
enough support so that Michigan’s economy could start to recover despite the ongoing
7
restructuring in the auto industry. After the revisions, it became clear that auto sector
employment declines were simply too much for the state’s economy to overcome in the short run
and increased the likelihood that Michigan would be unable to show any employment growth
until the restructuring in the auto sector had run its course.
As will be discussed in more detail, the Big 3 offered extensive employee buyout programs in
2006 and 2007, dramatically reducing their headcount. The drop in Big 3 headcount had a
significant effect on many other industries, causing these industries to also contract. The buyout
programs accelerated the changes occurring in the auto industry, but most analysts believe the
industry still has a couple of years of restructuring ahead of it. The continued restructuring
combined with the slowing national economy makes it unlikely that Michigan employment will
be able to show any employment growth before the end of 2009.
In 2007, Michigan per capita personal income totaled $35,086, up 3.8 percent from 2006.
Michigan per capita income was 91 percent of the U.S. total of $38,611, below even the 93
percent level hit in 1933. U.S. per capita personal income grew 5.2 percent in 2007, increasing
the gap between U.S. and Michigan per capita income. Michigan per capita income consistently
exceeded the national average from 1937 through 1981 due to the dominance of Michigan’s auto
industry. Between 1981 and 1999, Michigan personal income hovered close to the national
average and was approximately equal to the national average in 1999.
Michigan Personal Income Falling
Relative to U.S.
Michigan per Capita Income as a Percent of U.S. Per Capita Income
1.3
122%
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
93%
0.9
91%
19
29
19
33
19
37
19
41
19
45
19
49
19
53
19
57
19
61
19
65
19
69
19
73
19
77
19
81
19
85
19
89
19
93
19
97
20
01
20
05
0.9
Source: Department of Treasury calculations from Bureau of Economic Analysis data.
The restructuring of Michigan’s auto industry and the resulting employment declines have
caused Michigan’s income growth to lag behind the nation. When the auto restructuring is
complete, the gap between Michigan and national per capita income will narrow as previously
idled workers find new employment. However, for Michigan to fully catch up or exceed the
national average of per capita income, Michigan will need to invest in its workers to make sure
they have the skills necessary to attract high paying jobs to the state.
8
Auto Sector Restructuring
As noted, Michigan’s economy has been performing significantly worse than the national
economy. The poor performance has raised questions as to the primary cause. Many
possibilities have been suggested, but the restructuring of the Big 3 has always seemed the most
likely explanation. According to a study published by the Upjohn Institute in the summer of
2006, Michigan’s recent slow growth is not due to excessive business taxes or inadequate job
skills. Rather the study concludes that the auto industry has depressed Michigan’s employment
growth since 2000 considerably, and that but for the auto downturn, Michigan’s employment
growth would have been close to the U.S. average. In fact, the Upjohn study concludes that
Michigan’s employment growth would have exceeded the U.S. average by approximately 0.3
percent per year, but for the restructuring in the auto industry.4
Michigan’s traditionally high concentration in auto sector employment has always made the
state’s economy vulnerable to the swings in the auto industry. Michigan has more than 7 times
the national concentration of auto workers. In recent years, Michigan has suffered from a sharp
decline in the market share of the state’s auto manufacturers and this decline has led to a decline
in automotive employment. As recently as 1997, the Big 3’s U.S. vehicle market share was over
70 percent. Since then, market share has declined sharply for a number of reasons including
increased competition by foreign nameplates in light trucks and sport utility vehicles, rising
gasoline prices, and changing tastes of domestic consumers. In 2007, the market share of the Big
3 was just 51 percent.
Big 3 Auto Companies
Losing Market Share
12.9
13.9
17.0 17.4 17.2 16.8 16.6 16.9 16.9 16.5
16.1
15.1 14.8 15.1 15.2 15.6
75%
70%
65%
60%
55%
50%
45%
40%
1992
1995
1998
2001
U.S. Light Vehicle Sales
2004
2007
Big 3 Share
Source: Automotive News.
Given relatively stable national vehicle sales in recent years, the sharp decline in Big 3 market
share resulted in a sharp decline in Big 3 sales. As might be expected, this has also led to a
significant reduction in employment. Between 2000 and 2007, Michigan vehicle employment
4
Timothy Bartik et al, “Michigan Economic Competitiveness and Public Policy,” State Tax Notes 42 no. 5 (October
30, 2006): 297-319.
9
fell by 40 percent. Vehicle employment is expected to continue falling over the next several
years as Big 3 market share continues to decline.
To cope with declining market share, the Big 3 have taken significant actions to improve their
competitiveness. In the spring of 2006, GM offered a buyout plan to all of its hourly workers in
an effort to reduce its national headcount by 30,000 workers. GM also announced the closing of
a number of facilities, including the Lansing Craft Center, the Lansing Stamping Plant, the Flint
Engine Plant, and the Ypsilanti Parts Distribution Center. Ford offered a similar buyout plan in
the summer of 2006 and over 38,000 workers nationwide accepted, more than half its hourly
workforce. Ford announced 14 facility closings nationally, including Michigan’s Wixom
assembly plant.
UAW Membership Shrinks Dramatically
Total
316,000
190,000
31,000
66,000
10,000
48,000
94,000
Delphi
Chrysler
Ford
GM
58,000
125,000
74,000
2003
2007
Source: Wall Street Journal 9/11/2007.
In 1998, Chrysler and Daimler-Benz merged to form DaimlerChrysler. In 2007, the merger was
dissolved as Cerebus Capital Management took an 80 percent stake in Chrysler, with Daimler
maintaining the remaining portion. When Chrysler and Daimler merged in 1998, Chrysler was
valued at $36 billion. In 2007, Cerebus purchased Chrysler for just under $8 billion.
Significant changes were also made in the contracts agreed to between the Big 3 and the United
Auto Workers (UAW) union in the fall of 2007. The new contract provisions create a second tier
wage structure for workers with non-core jobs. Compensation for current employees is
approximately $28 per hour. Workers hired in under the second tier will be paid approximately
$15 per hour. In addition, the pension benefits provided to new workers will be significantly less
generous than the benefits provided to current workers.
10
New Tier II Package for GM
New
Core Rate
Existing GM
Employees
$15.30 Base
($14.00 Start)
$28.12 Base
Active Health Care
15% employee cost share +
$600 Flex Spending Account
5% employee cost share
Retiree Health Care
In lieu of, $1.00/hr 401(k)
contribution
Future VEBA Trust
Pension
Cash Balance Plan at 6.4%
Traditional Pension
$25.65
$78.21 (incl OPEB)
Memo: $60 excl. OPEB
Base Wage
2008 All-in Cost/Hr
Source: Center for Automotive Research
Additionally, healthcare for retirees will now be provided through Voluntary Employee
Beneficiary Associations (VEBAs) that will be funded by the Big 3, but controlled by the UAW.
Once the VEBAs are funded, responsibility for providing healthcare to retirees shifts from the
Big 3 to the unions. This change provides significant benefits for both the Big 3 and the UAW.
The VEBAs allow the Big 3 to remove a significant liability from their books. The Big 3 are
also able to fund the VEBAs at a discount from the full actuarial rate. The VEBAs allow the
UAW to significantly reduce the risks associated with having the Big 3 responsible for retiree
healthcare. The UAW will be in control of the assets and retiree healthcare will no longer be
exposed to risk that one of the Big 3 might go bankrupt and be unable to provide healthcare to
retirees.
All of these changes have been very hard on Michigan’s economy. The dramatic reduction in
Big 3 headcount and the associated loss of spin-off jobs have been the primary cause of
Michigan’s economic woes. However, the recent changes will make the Big 3 much more
competitive going forward. The Center for Automotive Research has estimated that the recent
contract changes will reduce GM’s cost disadvantage with Toyota from $4,000 to $800 per car.
11
Housing
The significant changes in the auto industry are close to having run their course, meaning
increased potential for Michigan to return to employment growth. However, in 2007 it became
apparent that the U.S. economy was going to slow significantly in the 4th quarter and into 2008.
The primary reason for the U.S. slowdown is a sharp correction occurring in the U.S. housing
market. The slowing U.S. economy will add pressure to Michigan’s struggling economy and
limit any chance of employment growth over the next two years.
Coming out of the 2001 national recession, the Federal Reserve sharply lowered interest rates.
Between June of 2000 and July of 2003, the effective federal funds rate fell from 6.5 percent to
approximately 1.0 percent due to a series of Federal Reserve rate cuts. These interest rate
reductions led to sharp reductions in housing mortgage rates. The 30-year conventional
mortgage rate fell from over 8.0 percent in early 2000 to approximately 5.5 percent in the middle
of 2005. Adjustable rate mortgages fell even more sharply with one-year adjustable rate
mortgages falling below 4 percent for much of 2003 and 2004 and many mortgages were offered
with even lower “teaser” rates. The low interest rates, combined with the stock market declines
occurring in 2000 and 2001, encouraged investment in residential housing. Home prices in many
areas began to rise rapidly leading to speculation by investors and eventually turning housing
into an asset bubble.
The rapid rise in home prices was especially predominant on the coasts. In Los Angeles, a house
purchased in January of 2000 for $200,000 would have been worth $547,000 in 2006 if its price
grew at the average rate, a price appreciation of 173 percent. If the homeowner had purchased
the house with a 20 percent down payment of $40,000 in 2000, the equity would have grown
from $40,000 to $387,000, an almost ten-fold increase. Rates of returns of this magnitude
encouraged increasing speculative building and borrowing. The rapid rate of home appreciation
made homeowners feel wealthier and many of them borrowed against this increase in equity to
finance consumption.
2007 House Prices Up Since 2000
But Down From 2006
133.0%
101.8%
87.7%
64.6%
60.0%
3.3%
-4.5%
Chicago
-13.7%
Los Angeles
-3.4%
Boston
-5.6%
New York
Jan 2000 to Dec 2007
Phoenix
Dec 2006 to Dec 2007
Source: Case Shiller Index and Department of Treasury Calculations
12
-15.3%
-13.6%
Detroit
The rapid increase in housing prices has now come to an end. The drop in home prices has led to
a sharp increase in foreclosures and triggered a crisis in the financial markets. At the peak of the
housing boom, many lenders began offering mortgages to buyers who put little or no money
down. In Los Angeles, home prices declined 13.7 percent from 2006 to 2007. Many homebuyers
who purchased their homes close to the market’s peak now owe more on their mortgages than
their homes are worth. Many homeowners who withdrew equity from their homes via home
equity loans now also owe more than their homes are worth.
As the housing market has weakened, delinquencies and foreclosures have risen. In the third
quarter of 2007, 5.59 percent of borrowers were at least 30 days late making their mortgage
payments – just below the record rate of 5.68 percent in 1986. A record 1.26 percent of
borrowers were 90-plus days late. The percentage of homes starting foreclosure jumped in the
third quarter to the highest level since the Mortgage Bankers Association began keeping track in
1972.
The declines in the housing market are hitting the economy in four ways. First, the direct decline
in residential construction activity directly reduces economic activity. Second, as home prices
fall, consumers feel less wealthy and they scale back on consumption, creating a significant drag
on the economy. Third, as banks have to absorb significant losses related to home mortgages,
they become more conservative in their lending practices, reducing overall investment. Finally,
many home mortgages were packaged and resold via complex financial instruments. It is
difficult to tell who owns much of the bad mortgage debt. This uncertainty has made lenders
reluctant to lend to anyone who may have exposure to the bad debt, further constraining the
financial markets. The combination of these four factors will significantly reduce economic
activity and could lead to a national recession in 2008.
Housing Slows National Growth
Significantly
Contributions To Percent Change In Real GDP
2006 Q2
2006 Q3
2006 Q4
2007 Q1
2007 Q2
2007 Q3
2007 Q4
1.6%
1.9%
2.7%
2.6%
1.0%
2.0%
1.4%
-0.8%
-1.3%
-1.0%
-0.9%
-0.6%
-1.1%
-1.2%
All Other Investment
0.9%
0.6%
-1.5%
-0.4%
1.3%
1.9%
-0.5%
Net Exports
0.5%
-0.3%
1.3%
-0.5%
1.3%
1.4%
0.4%
Government
0.2%
0.1%
0.7%
-0.1%
0.8%
0.7%
0.5%
GDP Growth
2.4%
1.1%
2.1%
0.6%
3.8%
4.9%
0.6%
3.2%
2.4%
3.1%
1.5%
4.4%
6.0%
1.8%
Consumption
Residential Investment
GDP w/o Residential
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis and Department of Treasury Calculations
The decline in Michigan’s housing market can be seen in numerous statistics. New private
housing units authorized in Michigan in 2007 totaled just 18,690 down 66 percent from the 2004
13
total of 54,721. The drop in some local units was even more profound. In the Detroit
metropolitan area, new housing authorizations in 2007 were 81 percent lower than in 2004,
falling from 22,990 to just 4,376, while in Ann Arbor there was a drop of 85 percent, from 2,708
to just 401.
Data from the National Association of Realtors indicate that the median home price in the
Detroit area fell 7.5 percent between 2006 and 2007. Prices in the Lansing metro area fell by 8.1
percent and prices in the Grand Rapids area fell by 3.8 percent. After declining by 5.0 percent in
2006, Michigan’s real estate transfer tax revenue fell by 20.2 percent in 2007.
Federal Stimulus Package
Recognizing the adverse effect the housing crisis was having on the national economy, Congress
passed legislation aimed at stimulating the economy. The Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 was
signed into law on February 13, 2008, in response to slowing economic conditions. The Act will
provide approximately $152 billion of temporary tax relief to U.S. citizens in 2008, designed to
stimulate both consumer and business spending and either avoid or mitigate a potential recession.
The individual tax relief will be comprised of stimulus payments equal to a taxpayer’s net tax
liability up to $600 for individuals and $1,200 for couples. Anyone with at least $3,000 of
qualifying income (including wages, income from self-employment, Social Security, and certain
veterans’ benefits) will receive a minimum payment of $300 for individuals and $600 for
couples. Eligible families with dependent children under age 17 will also receive an additional
payment of $300 per qualifying child. Individuals will receive their payments between May and
July of 2008, in time for vacation season and back-to-school shopping. The payments to
individuals will be phased out for taxpayers with adjusted gross incomes above $75,000 for
individuals or $150,000 for couples. The U.S. Treasury Department estimates that 4.5 million
Michigan households will receive approximately $3.8 billion in stimulus payments.
The business tax relief is focused on new investments in 2008. For the 2008 tax year, small and
mid-size businesses may immediately expense new purchases of up to $250,000 of new business
equipment. Businesses may also take advantage of bonus depreciation, which allows all
businesses to immediately deduct 50 percent of the cost of new investment in equipment and
software. These provisions together will save U.S. businesses approximately $50 billion on their
federal taxes for tax year 2008.
While the impact of these provisions on the Michigan economy will no doubt be positive for
2008, their net impact on state tax revenues for fiscal years 2008 and 2009 is probably small.
The individual stimulus payments, while not subject to Michigan income taxes, will raise sales
and use tax receipts as Michigan residents increase their spending at stores and Michigan hotels.
The stimulus payments will also likely increase lottery sales and gaming receipts at the Detroit
casinos, adding to state revenues. The business tax provisions for 2008 will also flow-through to
the Michigan business tax, resulting in lower business tax collections in fiscal years 2008 and
2009.
14
Michigan Business Tax5
From 1976 through 2007, the state’s single business (SBT) tax was Michigan’s primary business
tax. When the SBT was enacted in 1976, it replaced a number of other taxes including a
corporate income tax, a corporate franchise tax, the financial institutions income tax, and a
property tax on business inventories. The SBT used value added as a tax base, which is the price
of goods sold by a company less the cost of any goods the company purchased to produce those
goods.6 Value added taxes are very popular in other countries but are seldom used in the U.S.
The advantage of a value added tax base is that the base is broader and more stable than an
income tax.
Over the years, a number of special exemptions and alternative tax calculations were added to
the SBT for various types of businesses that moved the SBT away from a pure value added tax
base. The SBT had been blamed for a number of Michigan’s economic difficulties, and
criticisms of the tax led to efforts to repeal the tax. The SBT was repealed effective December
31, 2007. The SBT has been replaced by the Michigan business tax (MBT), which began
January 1, 2008.
The MBT represents a major change from the SBT. The tax base for the MBT consists of
adjusted gross receipts and business income, shifting more of the tax burden to the taxpayer’s
ability to pay, while maintaining much of the tax base’s stability. The MBT also provides
substantial personal property tax relief, and provides incentives to invest in Michigan, to employ
Michigan residents, and to conduct research and development in the state. Special provisions
reduce the tax burden for small businesses and the SBT revenues are fully replaced.
The MBT tax base consists of adjusted gross receipts and business income. Adjusted gross
receipts are taxed at a rate of 0.8 percent and business income at 4.95 percent. Insurance
companies are taxed via a 1.25 percent tax on premiums written, and financial institutions face a
tax of 0.235 percent on net capital assets. As part of the solution to balancing the FY 2008
budget, an additional surcharge of 21.99 percent was added to the MBT. The MBT surcharge
replaced an expansion of the state’s use tax to a number of services. The use tax expansion was
passed on October 1st of 2007 and was scheduled to begin December 1st of 2007, but it was
repealed before it took effect.
The starting point for the business income component of the tax base is federal taxable income
from business activity. The tax applies to corporations and to non-corporate entities such as
LLCs and partnerships. Unitary groups are required to file a joint return where the tax bases of
group members are combined and a combined apportionment percentage is used.
The modified gross receipts tax base is defined as a taxpayer’s gross receipts less the purchase of
tangible goods from other firms before apportionment. Purchases from other firms are defined
as inventory acquired during the year, depreciable assets acquired during the year, and materials
and supplies, including repairs, parts, and fuel.
5
The MBT description in this section is intended to provide a high level overview of tax and should not be
construed to represent an official interpretation of the statutory provisions of the MBT by the Michigan Department
of Treasury.
6
For more information see Thomas Patchak-Schuster, “The Michigan Single Business Tax: 2000-2001,” Tax
Analysis Division, Michigan Department of Treasury, February 2006.
15
The insurance company tax of 1.25 percent is levied in lieu of the modified gross receipts and
business inventory taxes. The tax is equal to 1.25 percent of direct premiums written for
property and risk in Michigan, so there is no need for insurance companies to apportion their tax
base. The retaliatory tax as described in the insurance code is still in place (same provisions as
the SBT).
There is a separate tax base for financial institutions. Financial institutions are subject to a 0.235
percent franchise tax on net capital. Financial institutions are limited to: banks, thrifts, savings
and loan companies, and certain companies related to these institutions through business
organization.
Net capital for financial institutions is defined as net capital as computed under Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). It is the average of net capital for the current year and
the four previous years. There are also special rules for apportioning the tax base of financial
institutions.
The MBT has a number of special provisions designed to help encourage employment and
investment in the state of Michigan. As part of the implementation of the MBT, industrial
personal property was exempted from the 6-mill state education tax and the 18-mill local school
operating tax. Commercial personal property was exempted from 12 mills of the 18 school
operating mills. A portion of the MBT is directed to the School Aid Fund to hold schools
harmless from these exemptions. The MBT also has a 35 percent refundable property tax credit
for industrial personal property.
The reductions in the personal property tax burden will make Michigan more attractive to
businesses when they decide where to invest in new plants and equipment. The MBT further
entices businesses with an investment tax credit for investment located in the state. The tax
credit rate is 1.52 percent for tax year 2008 and 1.90 percent thereafter.
The MBT contains a generous compensation credit that can be claimed against Michigan
compensation. The compensation credit rate is 0.296 percent for tax year 2008 and 0.370
percent thereafter. A credit can also be claimed for Michigan research and development
expenses. The credit rate is 2.32 percent for tax year 2008 and 2.90 percent thereafter. The
combined compensation and investment tax credits cannot exceed 50 percent of the taxpayers
MBT liability in 2008 and 52 percent thereafter. The combined compensation, research and
development and investment tax credits cannot exceed 65 percent of a taxpayer’s liability.
The generous credit provisions in the MBT will make Michigan a more attractive place for firms
to invest and hire. In addition, Michigan’s business tax burden with the MBT remains below the
national average. The Council on State Taxation (COST) annually publishes state business tax
rankings. Michigan ranks 28th highest among the states if the 2006 estimates are adjusted to
include the MBT. Michigan’s effective tax rate as a percent of private sector GDP is 4.9 percent
compared to the national average of 5.1 percent.
16
Michigan Business Tax Burden
Compares Well with Neighbors
Business Tax as
% of GSP
Rank
Wyoming
10.8%
1
Illinois
5.3%
21
Minnesota
5.1%
24
U.S. Average
5.1%
Wisconsin
5.0%
26
Indiana
4.9%
28
Michigan
4.9%
28
Ohio
4.7%
33
DE, NC, VA,
CT, OR
3.9%
46
State
Source: Council on State Taxation, figures are for FY 2006 adjusted for recent tax increase.
Moving Michigan Forward
Michigan enters 2008 at a key juncture. Many of the high paying manufacturing jobs of the past
have been lost and will not be recovered. The state faces one to two more years of difficult
economic times as the national economy slows and the domestic auto companies finish their
dramatic restructuring. During this prolonged downturn, Michigan has taken important steps to
position itself for the future.
First and most importantly the replacement of the SBT with the MBT will substantially improve
the business tax climate in Michigan. As noted above, the new tax will create strong incentives
for firms to invest in Michigan and hire Michigan workers.
Increasing the education level of Michigan’s workers is the key to attracting businesses and
raising state living standards. As can be seen in the table below, the average income for workers
with advanced education levels significantly exceeds the earnings for workers with less
education. On average, high school graduates make more than 40 percent more per year than
those with less than a high school education. Workers with some college or an associate’s
degree earn 22 percent more on average than high school graduates, and workers with a
bachelor’s degree earn 41 percent more on average than workers who have completed some
college, but have not earned a bachelor’s degree.
17
Annual Earnings by Education Level
2006
$59,804
$45,221
$31,936
$26,123
$18,641
Less than High
School
High School Grad
Some College or
Associates
Bachelor's Degree
Graduate or
Professional
Degree
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey
Similarly, states with higher education levels tend to have higher per capita income levels. Of
the ten states with the highest percentage of residents with a bachelor’s degree, nine are in the
top ten in terms of per capita income. Similarly, of the ten states with the lowest level
percentage of residents with a bachelor’s degree, six are in the bottom ten for per capita income.
Michigan currently ranks 35th highest in terms of the percentage of residents who have earned a
bachelor’s degree. Clearly, if Michigan is going to thrive economically, the education level of
the state’s workforce needs to be improved. Recognizing the importance of education to the
state’s future, Governor Granholm has worked hard on improving all levels of Michigan
education.
18
Educated States Have Higher Income
% With
BA
Dist. Columb.
Massachusetts
Maryland
Colorado
Connecticut
New Jersey
Virginia
Vermont
New Hampshire
New York
Michigan
Oklahoma
Indiana
Tennessee
Alabama
Nevada
Louisiana
Kentucky
Mississippi
Arkansas
West Virginia
Education
Rank
Per Capita
Income
Income
Rank
45.9%
37.0%
35.1%
34.3%
33.7%
33.4%
32.7%
32.4%
31.9%
31.2%
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
$57,358
$46,255
$43,774
$39,587
$50,787
$46,328
$39,564
$34,623
$39,655
$43,962
1
4
6
9
2
3
10
24
8
5
24.5%
35
$33,784
27
22.1%
21.7%
21.7%
21.1%
20.8%
20.3%
20.0%
18.8%
18.2%
16.5%
42
43
43
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
$32,398
$32,226
$32,305
$30,841
$39,015
$31,369
$29,719
$26,908
$28,444
$28,067
34
37
36
43
12
41
47
51
49
50
Source: U.S. Census Bureau and Bureau of Economic Analysis
In 2006, the state adopted new curriculum requirements that will establish a highly educated,
highly skilled workforce by requiring that all students complete:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Four credits of math and English language arts;
Three credits of science and social science;
Two credits of foreign language;
One credit of physical education and health;
One credit of visual, performing, or applied arts;
One online learning experience.
The requirements were put in place for incoming eighth graders in the fall of 2006.
With the goal of doubling the share of the state’s workers who have a college degree or advanced
work training, the state implemented the Michigan Promise Scholarship starting with the high
school graduating class of 2007. With the passage of the Promise Scholarship, every student in
Michigan is now eligible for a $4,000 scholarship.
Students who score well on the high school assessment exam will receive $1,000 during their
freshman and sophomore years and earn the remaining $2,000 after successfully completing two
years of post-secondary education. Students who do not receive qualifying scores on the high
school assessment can earn the entire $4,000 scholarship by successfully completing two years
of post-secondary education. Students must maintain a 2.5 grade point average in their postsecondary institution to earn a Promise Scholarship when they reach the two year point.
19
The Governor has also implemented the No Worker Left Behind (NWLB) program with the goal
of helping 100,000 workers acquire the skills they need to get connected to good-paying jobs in
today’s global economy. The program will provide up to two years of free tuition at any
Michigan community college or approved training program. It allows displaced workers to
receive needed training in high demand skills while receiving unemployment benefits.
To qualify for the NWLB program, displaced workers will need to take a skills assessment test
and must pursue an associate’s degree or attend a technical training program in a high-demand
occupation, emerging industry, or entrepreneurship program. High-demand occupations vary
from region to region, however, some common examples include health care, accounting and
bookkeeping services, information technology, and auto service technicians and mechanics.
NWLB will help to accelerate training to help workers transition to good-paying jobs in highdemand and emerging fields. It supports the state’s employers and economic development needs
by filling job vacancies in fields that will bolster further economic growth.
While much has been accomplished, much remains to be done. The Governor has proposed
several additional education initiatives that if enacted would help move Michigan forward. The
governor has proposed the 21st Century Schools Fund to help school districts replace large,
impersonal high schools that have low academic achievements and high drop out rates with small
high schools that use strong personal relationships, consistent discipline and real world relevance
to help at-risk students achieve high academic goals.
Inspired by the privately initiated and financed Kalamazoo Promise, Governor Granholm has
proposed the creation of Promise Zones. The Kalamazoo Promise guarantees students who
graduate from Kalamazoo Public Schools free tuition at any state university or community
college in Michigan.
The Promise Zones would be created in cities with a combination of low rates of educational
attainment and high rates of poverty and unemployment. The funding provided will not replace
private philanthropy. Participating communities will need to show a significant local financial
commitment to qualify for the Promise Zone designation.
The zones would allow local communities to capture half the growth in state property tax
revenues and use them to supplement the local funds dedicated to making a “Promise” tuition
guarantee. The state levies a 6-mill State Education Tax (SET) on all property in Michigan.
Revenue from the SET is currently dedicated to the School Aid Fund.
As the Promise Zones create higher property values and greater tax revenues in a community, the
zones will capture that growth to continue to fund the Promise. These zones would work
similarly to the tax increment financing districts that are routinely used to finance development
projects both in Michigan and around the nation.
In her 2008 State of the State message, Governor Granholm proposed the Michigan Job Creation
Tax Credit, a one-time initiative to encourage businesses in many of the fastest growing
industries nationally, from high-tech to homeland security to alternative energy, to create and
grow jobs in the state. In addition to the credits for jobs already provided for in the MBT, high
20
growth businesses that create new jobs in the next year will triple their MBT compensation credit
for four years.
In addition, high-growth businesses with no presence in Michigan that relocate all, or even a
portion, of a business here and create new good paying jobs will not pay the MBT on those new
jobs in the first year and will not be fully liable for four years.
Conclusion
Michigan continued to face trying economic times in 2007 as auto sector restructuring created a
significant drag on the state’s economy. The slowing national economy resulting from declines
in the housing market makes it unlikely that Michigan can return to growth over the next two
years. However, Michigan made significant progress in 2007 towards positioning the state to
thrive in the future. Michigan replaced the single business tax with the Michigan business tax, a
tax providing a much greater incentive for firms to locate and invest in Michigan and employ
Michigan residents. Michigan has made significant strides towards preparing its workers for the
future with the enactment of a rigorous high school curriculum, the enactment of the Michigan
Promise Scholarship, and the No Worker Left Behind Program. While this decade has been one
of the most trying in Michigan history, the state is well positioned to thrive in the years ahead.
21
Appendix
22
Table A-1
U.S. AND MICHIGAN LABOR FORCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT
(Numbers other than unemployment rates are in thousands)
Year
23
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Civilian
Labor Force
99,009
102,251
104,962
106,940
108,670
110,204
111,550
113,544
115,461
117,834
119,865
121,669
123,869
125,840
126,346
128,105
129,200
131,056
132,304
133,943
136,297
137,673
139,368
142,583
143,734
144,863
146,510
147,401
149,320
151,428
231,867
United States
Number
Number
Employed Unemployed
92,017
96,048
98,824
99,303
100,397
99,526
100,834
105,005
107,150
109,597
112,440
114,968
117,342
118,793
117,718
118,492
120,259
123,060
124,900
126,708
129,558
131,463
133,488
136,891
136,933
136,485
137,736
139,252
141,730
144,427
146,047
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
6,991
6,202
6,137
7,637
8,273
10,678
10,717
8,539
8,312
8,237
7,425
6,701
6,528
7,047
8,628
9,613
8,940
7,996
7,404
7,236
6,739
6,210
5,880
5,692
6,801
8,378
8,774
8,149
7,591
7,001
7,078
Unemployment
Rate (%)
Civilian
Labor Force
Number
Employed
7.1
6.1
5.8
7.1
7.6
9.7
9.6
7.5
7.2
7.0
6.2
5.5
5.3
5.6
6.8
7.5
6.9
6.1
5.6
5.4
4.9
4.5
4.2
4.0
4.7
5.8
6.0
5.5
5.1
4.6
4.6
4,107
4,234
4,335
4,325
4,296
4,258
4,258
4,315
4,363
4,411
4,505
4,560
4,625
4,620
4,589
4,662
4,712
4,804
4,835
4,888
4,963
5,008
5,089
5,144
5,144
5,040
5,033
5,046
5,070
5,073
5,020
3,769
3,935
3,993
3,801
3,758
3,595
3,636
3,825
3,924
4,020
4,130
4,213
4,292
4,262
4,162
4,235
4,365
4,509
4,577
4,647
4,749
4,810
4,897
4,953
4,876
4,725
4,676
4,690
4,722
4,722
4,660
Michigan
Number
Unemployed
338
299
342
524
538
662
622
490
439
390
375
346
332
358
427
427
347
296
258
241
214
198
192
190
268
315
358
356
348
351
360
Unemployment
Rate (%)
8.2
7.1
7.9
12.1
12.5
15.6
14.6
11.4
10.1
8.9
8.3
7.6
7.2
7.7
9.3
9.2
7.4
6.2
5.3
4.9
4.3
4.0
3.8
3.7
5.2
6.2
7.1
7.1
6.9
6.9
7.2
Table A-2
MICHIGAN MANUFACTURING AND DURABLE GOODS EMPLOYMENT
(Numbers in Thousands)
Durable Goods Manufacturing
Total
Total
Durable
Manufacturing Goods
Year
24
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
840.3
795.2
798.5
807.8
850.4
874.9
867.9
875.3
891.7
899.9
898.4
823.1
763.5
719.7
700.7
680.0
650.8
616.8
Primary
Metal
666.2
624.3
625.5
631.2
668.5
689.0
681.9
690.8
706.3
715.7
718.1
656.5
605.6
567.8
551.4
530.8
504.7
474.7
37.9
34.9
33.5
33.1
34.3
35.3
33.6
33.7
34.3
35.4
34.5
31.4
28.3
27.5
27.6
26.9
26.0
24.7
Fabricated
Nonmetallic
Metal
Transportation Mineral
Products
Equipment
Products Machinery
86.1
80.3
79.2
81.5
87.4
91.8
91.9
93.6
95.5
97.1
97.5
89.0
84.5
82.9
83.4
84.3
83.1
80.0
315.6
295.2
303.4
299.5
316.0
322.8
317.7
322.6
332.3
341.5
346.1
317.0
296.9
274.0
259.3
241.2
221.4
203.5
16.0
15.2
15.2
16.0
16.8
16.7
17.2
18.0
19.2
19.7
20.1
18.5
17.6
16.5
15.8
15.5
14.9
13.9
Source: Bureau of Labor and Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
*Note: Other Durable Goods contains total employment for durable goods industries not specifically presented in the table.
It includes employment in wood products, computer and electronic products, and miscellaneous durable goods.
95.7
88.6
87.1
89.6
96.1
103.7
103.9
104.3
104.7
103.5
102.3
89.6
79.7
76.5
75.7
75.3
73.7
69.7
Furniture &
Related
Products
Other
Durable
Goods*
39.6
36.2
35.0
36.2
38.8
38.7
37.3
37.9
38.4
38.8
38.7
36.9
31.0
26.6
25.9
25.4
25.4
25.3
75.3
73.9
72.1
75.3
79.1
80.0
80.3
80.7
81.9
79.7
78.9
74.1
67.6
63.8
63.7
62.2
60.2
57.6
Table A-3
MICHIGAN MANUFACTURING AND NONDURABLE GOODS EMPLOYMENT
(Numbers in Thousands)
Nondurable Goods Manufacturing
25
Year
Total
Manufacturing
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
840.3
795.2
798.5
807.8
850.4
874.9
867.9
875.3
891.7
899.9
898.4
823.1
763.5
719.7
700.7
680.0
650.8
616.8
Total
Nondurable
Goods
Manufacturing
174.1
170.9
172.9
176.7
181.9
185.9
186.0
184.5
185.4
184.2
180.3
166.6
157.9
151.9
149.3
149.2
146.2
142.0
Food
Printing &
Related Support
Activities
Chemical
Plastics
& Rubber
Products
43.2
43.8
43.6
43.9
43.1
43.3
43.0
40.0
38.7
36.0
35.2
35.3
33.9
32.4
32.8
32.7
33.1
33.7
25.7
25.1
25.0
24.7
25.1
25.1
24.8
24.2
23.8
23.1
23.2
21.9
20.2
19.2
18.3
17.9
17.6
17.4
35.1
35.0
34.8
36.1
36.4
36.5
36.4
36.9
37.6
38.3
36.7
34.6
33.8
32.4
30.6
30.0
28.9
28.0
36.6
35.0
36.9
39.1
43.3
46.3
47.9
49.0
51.4
53.4
53.4
45.8
43.7
43.3
43.0
42.7
41.4
39.0
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
*Note: Other Nondurable Goods is the difference of Total Nondurable Goods Manufacturing and the industry data published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
It includes food, textile, apparel, beverage and tobacco, leather and allied products, petroleum and coal products, and paper.
Other
Nondurable
Goods*
33.5
32.0
32.6
32.9
34.0
34.7
33.9
34.4
33.9
33.4
31.8
29.0
26.3
24.6
24.6
25.9
25.2
23.9
Table A-4
MICHIGAN NONMANUFACTURING AND PRIVATE SERVICE-PRODUCING EMPLOYMENT
(Numbers in thousands)
Year
26
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Private
ServiceProducing
Education &
Health
Services
Professional
& Business
Services
Financial
Activities
Information
Transportation
& Utilities
Retail
Trade
Wholesale
Trade
Leisure &
Hospitality
2,321.0
2,315.6
2,345.3
2,410.0
2,499.5
2,589.7
2,663.0
2,726.4
2,769.1
2,811.2
2,878.0
2,840.7
2,829.2
2,812.6
2,819.5
2,838.7
2,824.9
2,814.3
411.7
422.8
434.6
446.3
455.2
470.2
485.6
489.3
484.8
491.7
502.1
517.8
535.1
546.9
560.9
575.8
583.3
595.0
395.7
403.2
422.9
447.2
483.5
515.9
539.3
567.8
597.0
612.9
635.3
604.1
593.9
582.9
581.2
588.5
581.6
573.3
192.8
189.9
188.5
190.8
193.9
196.2
201.1
204.5
207.7
206.9
209.4
210.4
214.9
218.3
217.4
217.9
215.8
211.4
70.8
69.2
67.9
67.8
67.0
67.9
70.2
71.8
74.1
73.9
76.7
76.0
73.8
70.3
68.6
67.3
66.1
65.6
117.3
115.7
116.3
119.6
127.0
128.0
127.6
129.6
131.2
134.1
135.4
132.0
128.2
125.8
125.7
128.3
128.4
129.1
502.8
489.6
486.0
493.6
508.9
523.8
534.4
540.1
542.5
550.6
559.8
548.8
530.7
518.7
513.6
506.0
496.0
489.7
155.0
152.6
151.6
153.9
157.7
160.8
164.8
173.4
179.8
183.6
186.0
180.4
175.4
172.6
170.5
170.7
170.6
169.1
330.8
328.9
330.9
339.9
348.2
364.0
371.4
378.4
379.0
383.5
398.2
394.3
397.9
398.1
402.0
404.5
405.6
404.5
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Other
Services
143.9
143.7
146.6
151.1
158.1
162.9
168.6
171.5
173.0
174.0
175.3
176.9
179.3
179.1
179.6
179.6
177.5
176.7
Table A-5
MICHIGAN PAYROLL EMPLOYMENT BY MAJOR CATEGORY
(Numbers in thousands)
Year
27
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Total
Employment
Construction
Mining
3,946.5
3,884.3
3,918.8
3,998.9
4,141.5
4,268.8
4,352.8
4,439.1
4,514.0
4,585.2
4,676.9
4,564.2
4,487.5
4,416.5
4,399.5
4,390.3
4,327.1
4,262.0
143.1
130.0
128.5
132.5
142.0
152.9
168.5
180.3
187.4
197.0
209.6
206.1
199.6
190.6
191.5
189.1
178.0
166.2
11.5
11.1
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.7
9.7
9.9
10.0
9.6
9.5
9.3
8.6
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.0
7.6
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Manufacturing
Private
Service
Producing
Government
840.3
795.2
798.5
807.8
850.4
874.9
867.9
875.3
891.7
899.9
898.4
823.1
763.5
719.7
700.7
680.0
650.8
616.8
2,321.0
2,315.6
2,345.3
2,410.0
2,499.5
2,589.7
2,663.0
2,726.4
2,769.1
2,811.2
2,878.0
2,840.7
2,829.2
2,812.6
2,819.5
2,838.7
2,824.9
2,814.3
630.6
632.5
635.8
637.7
638.8
640.7
643.6
647.2
655.8
667.4
681.4
685.0
686.6
685.4
679.7
674.1
665.3
657.2
Table A-6
PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT IN MICHIGAN
(Numbers in Thousands)
Year
28
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Total
Government
Employment
Federal
Government
State
Government (1)
Local
Government
630.6
632.5
635.8
637.7
638.8
640.7
643.6
647.2
655.8
667.4
681.4
685.0
686.6
685.4
679.7
674.1
665.3
657.2
61.2
58.3
58.2
56.9
57.0
57.2
56.5
56.2
56.6
57.3
60.4
56.2
55.8
56.1
55.5
54.7
54.1
53.6
166.2
165.7
163.4
163.8
163.9
165.4
167.6
165.3
167.4
169.0
169.9
173.9
174.1
169.8
169.6
168.4
170.6
170.3
403.2
408.5
414.2
417.1
417.9
418.1
419.5
425.7
431.9
441.1
451.1
454.8
456.8
459.5
454.6
451.0
440.6
433.2
(1) In addition to classified civil service employees, state government employment includes
employees of state-supported colleges and universities, the legislature and the courts.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Table A-7
STATE OF MICHIGAN CLASSIFIED EMPLOYEES
BY DEPARTMENT PER FISCAL YEAR
Department
97-98
98-99
99-00
00-01
01-02
02-03
03-04
04-05
05-06
06-07
29
Agriculture
Attorney General
Auditor General
Biologic Products Institute
Career Development
Civil Rights
Civil Service
Community Health
Consumer and Industry Services
Corrections
Education
Environmental Quality
Executive Office
History Arts and Libraries
Human Services
Information Technology
Labor & Economic Growth
Lottery
Management and Budget
MI Jobs Commission
Military and Veterans Affairs
Natural Resources
State
State Police
Strategic Fund
Transportation
Transportation Bridge Authority
Treasury
631
547
163
77
-159
205
5,758
4,049
16,714
436
1,479
65
-12,443
--179
1,495
1,101
900
2,445
2,174
3,014
-2,960
150
1,531
632
549
169
--163
207
5,810
3,909
17,063
442
1,545
63
-12,836
---1,719
1,149
949
2,510
2,231
3,159
-3,196
-1,765
657
559
174
--160
206
5,914
3,843
17,652
403
1,605
65
-13,254
---1,936
1,055
987
2,506
2,257
3,190
-3,244
-1,826
697
558
179
-1,088
166
206
5,838
3,823
18,296
396
1,617
67
-13,139
---1,931
-970
2,509
2,267
3,240
-3,253
-1,817
702
538
176
-1,079
164
200
5,370
3,735
17,821
393
1,567
58
295
12,554
---1,851
-962
2,446
2,095
3,164
-3,185
-1,793
635
474
157
-911
135
176
4,465
3,186
17,222
298
1,370
51
287
10,303
1,730
--1,306
-919
2,265
1,836
2,800
-2,826
-1,514
687
489
150
-901
133
189
4,577
3,170
16,781
324
1,444
49
273
10,104
1,721
55
-1,277
-943
2,328
1,852
2,661
-2,956
-1,512
641
524
143
-34
131
210
4,424
209
16,543
352
1,419
45
203
9,953
1,675
3,751
-967
-928
1,669
1,705
2,704
-2,849
-1,535
575
528
142
--127
210
4,241
-16,446
367
1,430
44
200
9,778
1,690
4,128
-967
-924
1,657
1,672
2,690
-2,880
-1,564
535
517
138
--119
206
4,225
-16,357
369
1,423
44
196
9,759
1,712
3,967
-971
-934
1,628
1,622
2,657
174
2,895
-1,565
Total
58,675
60,066
61,493
62,057
60,147
54,866
54,573
52,614
52,259
52,013
Source: Michigan Department of Civil Service, Twenty-Seventh Annual Workforce Report
Note: Starting in FY 2004-05, this report reflects classified employees who are full-time, part-time, permanent intermittent, limited term, seasonal and non career in primary
positions only, except for the following non-career appointments: Student Assistant-E, Construction Aide (Trans)-E, and State Worker.
Table A-8
MICHIGAN MSA AND COUNTY EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
Area
Michigan
30
MSA
Ann Arbor
Battle Creek
Bay City
Detroit/Warren/Livonia
Flint
Grand Rapids
Holland-Grand Haven
Jackson
Kalamazoo/Portage
Lansing/East Lansing
Monroe
Muskegon/Norton Shores
Niles/Benton Harbor
Saginaw/Saginaw Township
Number
Employed
4,262,409
1990
Unemployment
Rate (%)
7.7
Number
Employed
4,953,421
2000
Unemployment
Rate (%)
3.7
Number
Employed
4,730,291
2006
Unemployment
Rate (%)
6.9
151,177
60,241
49,532
1,944,008
181,283
318,654
99,352
66,391
144,810
219,693
62,583
67,264
75,691
90,004
4.8
7.3
8.0
8.1
9.5
6.2
5.3
7.1
6.0
6.1
7.6
8.4
7.0
7.7
180,898
67,459
54,525
2,200,338
205,505
389,541
132,456
76,396
166,938
240,498
74,756
82,089
79,424
96,132
2.3
4.1
4.0
3.7
4.4
3.2
2.6
3.4
3.2
2.9
3.2
4.1
3.8
4.1
182,667
67,302
51,964
2,012,527
195,492
387,740
131,564
73,160
166,227
237,340
73,936
84,793
74,002
91,737
4.6
6.8
6.9
7.2
8.2
5.9
5.2
7.1
5.5
5.9
6.5
6.9
7.0
7.5
3,419
3,462
43,176
12,864
7,991
5,621
2,998
23,636
49,532
5,361
75,691
18,311
60,241
22,942
10,349
13.1
9.2
6.1
10.2
10.1
9.0
10.5
6.2
8.0
11.7
7.0
7.3
7.3
7.3
8.4
4,164
4,139
56,168
14,676
11,070
7,210
3,852
29,433
54,525
8,011
79,424
22,527
67,459
26,234
13,198
6.8
5.4
2.8
5.5
4.6
5.8
6.5
3.3
4.0
4.5
3.8
3.8
4.1
3.2
4.5
4,000
4,165
53,661
14,019
11,273
7,170
3,839
29,701
51,964
8,629
74,002
21,158
67,302
26,479
13,370
10.5
7.8
6.0
7.6
7.7
9.9
11.0
5.2
6.9
7.6
7.0
7.4
6.8
5.3
7.6
County
Alcona
Alger
Allegan
Alpena
Antrim
Arenac
Baraga
Barry
Bay
Benzie
Berrien
Branch
Calhoun
Cass
Charlevoix
Table A-8 (Continued)
31
Area
Cheboygan
Chippewa
Clare
Clinton
Crawford
Delta
Dickinson
Eaton
Emmet
Genesee
Gladwin
Gogebic
Grand Traverse
Gratiot
Hillsdale
Houghton
Huron
Ingham
Ionia
Iosco
Iron
Isabella
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Kalkaska
Kent
Keweenaw
Lake
Lapeer
Leelanau
Lenawee
Livingston
Luce
Number
Employed
9,258
12,990
8,285
29,431
5,015
15,396
11,555
48,390
12,823
181,283
7,321
6,682
33,601
16,861
19,290
13,520
14,300
141,872
24,386
10,227
4,827
24,369
66,391
113,945
5,541
255,007
516
2,406
33,645
8,229
40,571
58,172
2,200
1990
Unemployment
Rate (%)
12.0
11.3
10.7
6.4
6.7
9.3
7.5
5.9
9.4
9.5
9.7
8.2
6.8
8.9
8.6
7.4
10.3
6.2
9.9
8.5
8.9
6.1
7.1
5.2
9.8
5.6
14.9
12.0
10.4
6.3
7.5
5.8
9.2
Number
Employed
11,894
16,347
12,323
34,638
6,394
18,762
13,421
56,180
17,065
205,505
10,383
7,240
43,997
18,647
23,279
16,283
16,799
149,680
28,916
10,859
5,331
33,638
76,396
128,897
8,150
309,205
985
4,205
43,939
10,975
49,769
87,314
2,587
2000
Unemployment
Rate (%)
8.1
6.3
5.4
2.6
4.6
5.3
4.1
2.8
5.5
4.4
5.3
6.3
3.4
4.5
3.7
4.9
4.6
2.9
3.6
6.5
5.8
3.3
3.4
3.0
4.6
3.1
6.2
5.7
4.3
3.0
3.7
2.6
6.0
Number
Employed
12,194
16,398
12,254
35,915
6,426
19,349
13,907
56,421
18,850
195,492
9,954
7,270
46,590
18,915
20,766
16,872
16,387
145,004
29,051
10,348
5,645
36,573
73,160
127,625
8,311
307,024
977
3,812
41,438
11,249
46,897
89,214
2,681
2006
Unemployment
Rate (%)
9.5
8.4
10.2
5.2
7.5
7.1
5.7
5.2
8.3
8.2
9.7
7.4
5.9
8.5
7.7
6.8
7.9
6.3
8.2
9.0
7.1
5.1
7.1
5.2
7.7
5.6
10.0
10.4
7.8
5.0
7.3
5.3
7.5
Table A-8 (Continued)
32
Area
Mackinac
Macomb
Manistee
Marquette
Mason
Mecosta
Menominee
Midland
Missaukee
Monroe
Montcalm
Montmorency
Muskegon
Newaygo
Oakland
Oceana
Ogemaw
Ontonagon
Osceola
Oscoda
Otsego
Ottawa
Presque Isle
Roscommon
Saginaw
St. Clair
St. Joseph
Sanilac
Schoolcraft
Shiawassee
Tuscola
Van Buren
Washtenaw
Wayne
Wexford
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Number
Employed
5,343
362,128
8,398
29,552
11,185
15,146
11,213
35,709
4,820
62,583
20,364
2,753
67,264
15,626
567,932
10,065
6,509
3,667
7,805
2,688
8,787
99,352
5,352
6,505
90,004
65,557
27,161
16,978
3,199
31,761
23,592
30,865
151,177
856,576
10,901
1990
Unemployment
Rate (%)
14.3
7.9
10.7
8.0
8.3
8.0
6.8
5.5
10.5
7.6
14.4
15.1
8.4
9.6
6.1
10.9
9.9
5.5
11.3
8.2
6.2
5.3
11.7
9.1
7.7
9.6
8.6
10.8
16.2
9.7
9.7
8.7
4.8
9.4
12.3
Number
Employed
6,363
418,171
112,000
32,681
14,018
18,111
12,719
41,163
6,686
74,756
28,188
3,757
82,089
21,988
656,461
12,443
9,082
3,417
10,666
3,657
11,838
132,456
5,962
9,811
96,132
83,383
31,474
20,924
3,607
35,948
27,415
38,041
180,898
911,069
14,756
2000
Unemployment
Rate (%)
7.5
3.6
5.3
4.3
4.8
4.3
4.1
3.2
4.4
3.2
4.1
8.1
4.1
4.6
2.9
5.9
5.4
6.4
4.5
6.1
4.1
2.6
8.3
5.5
4.1
4.2
3.4
4.6
8.1
3.9
4.6
4.0
2.3
4.3
5.3
Number
Employed
6,041
391,252
11,333
34,125
13,983
19,118
12,481
40,426
6,367
73,936
25,167
3,891
84,793
21,965
594,361
13,575
9,182
3,317
9,549
3,697
11,768
131,564
5,613
10,167
91,737
77,419
29,594
21,073
3,727
34,244
27,062
38,603
182,667
818,844
13,952
2006
Unemployment
Rate (%)
9.5
7.2
8.4
6.0
7.9
7.4
6.3
5.6
7.6
6.5
12.6
11.8
6.9
7.2
5.8
8.4
8.1
7.8
7.3
10.4
8.1
5.2
11.8
9.1
7.5
8.0
6.5
8.4
10.4
8.0
8.4
6.7
4.6
8.4
8.0
Table A-9
MICHIGAN LABOR FORCE STATISTICS
BY AGE, RACE AND SEX - 1999 AND 2007
Unemployment Rate (%)
Category
1999
2007
Change
Labor Force Participation Rate (%)
1999
2007
33
Age
16 - 24 years
25 - 44 years
45 - 64 years
Over 65 years
9.1
2.9
2.0
2.3
14.0
7.0
4.7
3.5
4.8 pts
4.0
2.8
1.2
71.9
85.0
72.9
12.0
61.6
81.6
70.8
14.1
Race
White
Black
Other
3.4
6.7
3.8
6.1
14.5
5.9
2.7
7.7
2.0
68.9
65.7
71.4
65.0
57.0
69.6
3.7
3.9
3.8
7.0
7.2
7.1
3.3
3.2
3.3
76.3
61.2
68.5
69.4
59.2
64.2
Change
-10.2 pts
-3.4
-2.1
2.2
Level of Employment (000s)
1999
2007
Change
867
2,445
1,500
129
662
2,043
1,795
167
-205
-402
295
38
-3.8
-8.7
-1.8
4,235
583
124
3,956
504
207
-279
-79
83
-6.9
-1.9
-4.4
2,690
2,252
4,942
2,449
2,218
4,667
-241
-34
-275
Sex
Male
Female
All Groups
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.
Table A-10
U.S. AND MICHIGAN EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT SHARES,
AND LOCATION QUOTIENT FOR 2006
Industry
U.S.
Employment
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting
%
1,160,881
1.03%
Mining
616,532
Utilities
546,593
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation equipment
Michigan
Employment
%
Location
Quotient
24,533
0.68%
0.66
0.55%
6,482
0.18%
0.33
0.48%
20,556
0.57%
1.17
7,601,481
6.74%
175,327
4.85%
0.72
14,113,387
12.52%
649,549
17.97%
1.44
1,756,328
1.56%
219,737
6.08%
3.90
Motor vehicle manufacturing
240,406
0.21%
59,005
1.63%
7.66
Motor vehicle parts manufacturing
648,485
0.58%
146,071
4.04%
7.03
Wholesale trade
5,884,525
5.22%
168,881
4.67%
0.90
15,367,132
13.63%
493,493
13.66%
1.00
Transportation and warehousing
4,205,427
3.73%
102,929
2.85%
0.76
Information
3,040,708
2.70%
65,221
1.80%
0.67
Finance and insurance
6,007,002
5.33%
155,571
4.30%
0.81
Retail trade
Real estate and rental and leasing
2,153,739
1.91%
54,626
1.51%
0.79
Professional and technical services
7,389,517
6.56%
242,734
6.72%
1.02
Management of companies and enterprises
1,785,155
1.58%
62,063
1.72%
1.08
Administrative and waste services
8,293,605
7.36%
276,664
7.66%
1.04
Educational services
2,206,905
1.96%
59,050
1.63%
0.83
Health care and social assistance
14,702,844
13.04%
504,089
13.95%
1.07
Arts, entertainment, & recreation
1,901,683
1.69%
60,454
1.67%
0.99
Accommodation & food services
11,122,634
9.87%
342,455
9.48%
0.96
4,363,751
3.87%
130,865
3.62%
0.94
255,812
0.23%
18,252
0.51%
2.23
112,719,311
100.00%
3,613,794
100.00%
1.00
Other services, except public administration
Unclassified
Total All Industries
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, U.S. Department of Labor
34
Table A-11
NEW INCORPORATIONS IN MICHIGAN
Year
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Profit
8,378
8,270
9,202
9,709
9,342
9,996
11,545
13,273
14,538
18,654
Nonprofit
1,782
1,993
2,134
1,878
2,106
2,138
2,080
2,082
2,148
2,217
Foreign
(Out-of-State)
1,054
1,082
1,175
1,093
1,009
926
972
956
1,039
1,062
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
16,931
17,139
17,201
18,463
19,474
21,864
22,914
23,869
22,633
22,248
21,985
21,840
23,380
24,488
25,046
25,752
26,263
25,560
22,768
22,359
22,899
21,323
20,964
20,780
20,572
20,178
18,362
17,003
2,503
2,288
2,294
2,613
2,574
2,490
2,559
2,467
2,695
2,881
2,871
2,863
3,111
3,102
3,249
3,241
3,357
3,400
3,532
3,439
3,869
3,730
4,018
4,023
4,445
4,742
4,565
4,302
1,077
1,277
1,300
1,540
1,625
1,719
1,864
1,998
1,937
1,828
1,714
1,626
1,778
1,881
2,182
2,351
2,407
2,653
2,680
2,703
2,727
2,408
2,237
2,216
2,353
2,298
2,317
2,324
Source: Michigan Department of Labor and Economic Growth,
Corporation Division.
35
Total
11,214
11,345
12,511
12,680
12,457
13,060
14,597
16,311
17,725
21,933
20,511
20,704
20,795
22,616
23,673
26,073
27,337
28,334
27,265
26,957
26,570
26,329
28,269
29,471
30,477
31,344
32,027
31,613
28,980
28,501
29,495
27,461
27,219
27,019
27,370
27,218
25,244
23,629
Table A-12
U.S. AND MICHIGAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
AVERAGE WEEKLY AND HOURLY EARNINGS
Michigan
Year
Average
Weekly
Earnings
Average
Hourly
Earnings
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
$814.96
875.78
892.52
912.02
896.55
921.65
937.98
$19.45
20.51
21.20
21.51
21.50
21.84
22.07
United States
Real
Weekly
Earnings
(2006 $)
$935.19
979.70
978.73
984.47
940.39
938.19
937.98
Average
Weekly
Earnings
Average
Hourly
Earnings
$595.19
618.75
635.99
658.49
673.33
691.02
711.36
$14.76
15.29
15.74
16.14
16.56
16.81
17.26
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
Note: Real Weekly Earnings calculated using U.S. CPI-U and Detroit CPI for Michigan.
36
Real
Weekly
Earnings
(2006 $)
$696.83
713.13
716.67
722.78
714.85
710.70
711.36
Table A-13
MICHIGAN PERSONAL INCOME, BY MAJOR SOURCE
(Amounts in millions of dollars)
Source
37
Total Wage and Salary Disbursements
Supplements to wages and salaries
Proprietors' Income
Farm
Nonfarm
Total Earnings by Place of Work
Less: Contributions for Social Insurance
Plus: Adjustment for Residence
Equals: Net Earnings by Place of Residence
Plus: Dividends, Interest and Rent
Plus: Transfer Payments
TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME
TOTAL REAL PERSONAL INCOME
(in 2007 dollars)
Note: Some numbers may not add due to rounding.
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of Labor Statistics.
1970
$25,165
3,508
2,701
239
2,462
31,374
2,193
112
29,293
4,837
3,216
$37,346
$189,216
1980
$57,828
13,177
4,848
330
4,519
75,853
7,181
355
69,026
12,625
13,809
$95,460
$223,965
1990
$102,779
22,152
10,375
371
10,003
135,305
15,869
457
119,893
32,537
23,758
$176,189
$274,187
1995
$132,883
32,865
12,716
255
12,461
178,464
21,386
734
157,812
38,018
31,635
$227,466
$306,343
2000
$175,327
37,854
18,000
-60
18,060
231,181
26,411
1,005
205,775
49,515
38,938
$294,227
$346,780
2005
$183,651
46,104
27,469
353
27,116
257,224
28,968
1,310
229,566
48,846
52,062
$330,474
$346,632
2007
$189,019
47,035
28,190
755
27,435
264,244
30,175
1,532
235,601
58,157
59,619
$353,376
$353,376
Table A-14
38
MICHIGAN PERSONAL INCOME, BY INDUSTRY
(Amounts in millions of dollars)
Source
2002
2003
2004
Farm Earnings
$413
$556
$960
Nonfarm Earnings
238,109
246,581
249,227
Private Earnings
205,899
213,042
213,939
298
314
320
Forestry, Fishing and Other
Mining
638
739
789
Construction
13,642
13,279
13,834
Manufacturing
56,932
62,575
56,274
Nondurable Goods
9,704
10,754
11,265
Durable Goods
47,228
51,821
45,009
Transportation and Utilities
9,080
9,426
10,008
Wholesale Trade
11,366
11,720
12,065
Retail Trade
15,463
15,529
15,672
Finance, Insurance and Real Estate
17,628
17,277
18,346
Health Care Services
21,240
22,223
23,513
Prof., Tech. & Information Services
28,576
28,088
29,024
Other Services
31,036
31,871
34,093
Government and Gov. Enterprise
32,210
33,538
35,289
Federal Civilian
4,017
4,171
4,491
Military
579
800
848
State and Local
27,614
28,567
29,949
Total Earnings by Place of Work
238,522
247,136
250,188
Less: Contributions for Social Insurance
26,764
27,557
28,176
Plus: Adjustment for Residence
1,086
1,136
1,239
Equals: Net Earnings by Place of Residence
212,844
220,716
223,251
Plus: Dividends, Interest and Rent
45,766
45,494
46,511
Plus: Transfer Payments
44,855
47,293
48,974
TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME
$303,465
$313,503
$318,736
Note: Some numbers may not add due to rounding.
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce
2005
$860
256,364
218,806
328
836
14,322
55,839
11,580
44,260
10,252
12,536
15,657
19,087
24,770
29,957
35,222
37,558
4,606
907
32,045
257,224
28,968
1,310
229,566
48,846
52,062
$330,474
2006
$830
258,435
219,833
322
980
13,816
54,812
11,436
43,376
10,358
12,879
15,643
19,188
25,981
30,533
35,322
38,603
4,772
880
32,951
259,265
29,495
1,442
231,211
53,954
56,171
$341,337
2007
$1,290
262,954
223,770
343
1,081
12,899
55,157
11,681
43,476
10,889
13,333
15,750
18,970
27,490
31,966
35,894
39,183
4,897
861
33,424
264,244
30,175
1,532
235,601
58,157
59,619
$353,376
Table A-15
U. S. AND MICHIGAN PERSONAL AND PER-PERSON INCOME
Year
Personal Income
United States
Percent
Change
Per Person
Annual Rate
Income
Percent
Change
Annual
Personal
Income
Michigan
Percent
Change
Per Person
Annual Rate
Income
Percent
Change
Annual Rate
Michigan Per
Person
Income
Percent of
U.S.
39
1970
1975
$832,429,000
1,329,892,000
9.8
$4,085
6,172
8.6
$37,346,103
57,434,514
9.0
$4,198
6,306
8.5
102.8
102.2
1980
1985
2,298,255,000
3,511,344,000
11.6
8.8
10,114
14,758
10.4
7.9
95,459,628
134,082,561
10.7
7.0
10,314
14,773
10.3
7.5
102.0
100.1
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
4,861,936,000
5,032,196,000
5,349,384,000
5,548,121,000
5,833,906,000
6,144,741,000
6,512,485,000
6,907,332,000
7,415,709,000
7,796,137,000
6.7
3.5
6.3
3.7
5.2
5.3
6.0
6.1
7.4
5.1
19,477
19,892
20,854
21,346
22,172
23,076
24,175
25,334
26,883
27,939
5.7
2.1
4.8
2.4
3.9
4.1
4.8
4.8
6.1
3.9
176,188,551
181,654,702
192,788,275
201,574,154
217,812,189
227,465,905
237,193,029
248,821,337
265,097,783
278,061,682
5.6
3.1
6.1
4.6
8.1
4.4
4.3
4.9
6.5
4.9
18,922
19,324
20,338
21,129
22,694
23,508
24,306
25,367
26,919
28,095
5.1
2.1
5.2
3.9
7.4
3.6
3.4
4.4
6.1
4.4
97.2
97.1
97.5
99.0
102.4
101.9
100.5
100.1
100.1
100.6
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
8,422,074,000
8,716,992,000
8,872,871,000
9,150,320,000
9,711,363,000
10,284,356,000
10,968,393,000
11,645,882,098
8.0
3.5
1.8
3.1
6.1
5.9
6.7
6.2
29,845
30,574
30,821
31,504
33,123
34,757
36,714
38,611
6.8
2.4
0.8
2.2
5.1
4.9
5.6
5.2
294,226,742
299,542,431
303,465,006
313,503,162
318,735,899
330,474,001
341,336,546
353,376,430
5.8
1.8
1.3
3.3
1.7
3.7
3.3
3.5
29,554
29,933
30,214
31,116
31,550
32,694
33,788
35,086
5.2
1.3
0.9
3.0
1.4
3.6
3.3
3.8
99.0
97.9
98.0
98.8
95.3
94.1
92.0
90.9
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce
Table A-16
U. S. AND MICHIGAN REAL PERSONAL AND PER-PERSON INCOME
(in 2007 dollars)
United States
Percent
Change
Annual Rate
Michigan
40
2.9
Real Per
Person
Income
$21,830
23,787
$5,783,067,818
$6,766,255,461
2.4
3.2
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
$7,712,957,415
$7,660,687,100
$7,905,573,609
$7,960,958,508
$8,162,036,018
$8,359,992,706
$8,606,192,893
$8,923,240,072
$9,433,054,819
$9,702,680,899
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
$10,140,822,691
$10,205,525,439
$10,226,341,406
$10,311,117,660
$10,659,467,587
$10,918,478,964
$11,280,796,336
$11,645,882,098
Year
1970
1975
Real Personal
Income
$4,448,389,013
$5,125,324,667
1980
1985
Percent
Change
Annual Rate
Percent
Change
Annual Rate
2.4
Real Per
Person
Income
$21,269
23,414
223,965,298
251,252,892
1.0
2.3
24,198
27,683
0.7
2.7
1.7
-2.0
1.8
-0.6
1.3
1.2
1.8
2.4
4.5
1.7
274,186,925
273,135,792
283,903,787
288,974,455
302,712,053
306,342,692
311,273,467
318,594,788
332,000,965
339,525,359
1.8
-0.4
3.9
1.8
4.8
1.2
1.6
2.4
4.2
2.3
29,447
29,056
29,950
30,290
31,540
31,660
31,897
32,480
33,713
34,305
1.2
-1.3
3.1
1.1
4.1
0.4
0.8
1.8
3.8
1.8
3.3
-0.4
-0.8
-0.1
2.4
1.5
2.3
2.3
346,780,351
343,733,527
339,475,395
343,786,709
344,057,695
346,632,240
347,463,589
353,376,430
2.1
-0.9
-1.2
1.3
0.1
0.7
0.2
1.7
34,833
34,349
33,799
34,122
34,056
34,293
34,394
35,086
1.5
-1.4
-1.6
1.0
-0.2
0.7
0.3
2.0
1.7
Real Personal
Income
$189,216,158
213,252,539
25,450
28,438
1.4
2.2
2.7
-0.7
3.2
0.7
2.5
2.4
2.9
3.7
5.7
2.9
30,898
30,282
30,819
30,629
31,020
31,395
31,947
32,728
34,196
34,771
4.5
0.6
0.2
0.8
3.4
2.4
3.3
3.2
35,936
35,795
35,522
35,501
36,357
36,900
37,760
38,611
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. U.S. income deflated by U.S. CPI. Michigan income deflated by Detroit CPI.
Percent
Change
Annual Rate
1.9
Table A-17
COUNTY AND METRO AREA
PER-PERSON INCOME
Area
1970
$4,085
1980
$10,114
1990
$19,477
1995
$23,076
2000
$29,845
2005
$34,757
Michigan
Michigan (Metropolitan Portion)
Ann Arbor MSA
Battle Creek MSA
Bay City MSA
Detroit-Warren-Livonia MSA
Flint MSA
Grand Rapids-Wyoming MSA
Holland-Grand Haven MSA
Jackson MSA
Kalamazoo-Portage MSA
Lansing-East Lansing MSA
Monroe MSA
Muskegon-Norton Shores MSA
Niles-Benton Harbor MSA
Saginaw-Saginaw Township MSA
Detroit-Warren-Flint CSA
4,198
4,352
4,668
4,041
3,578
4,626
3,992
3,886
3,805
4,080
3,970
3,922
3,730
3,687
4,070
3,801
4,553
10,314
10,750
12,040
9,415
9,502
11,420
10,586
9,649
9,417
9,532
9,587
9,766
9,515
8,864
8,939
9,934
11,330
18,922
19,781
23,002
16,865
16,817
21,338
17,481
18,137
18,944
16,104
18,091
17,626
17,314
15,013
16,339
16,465
20,999
23,508
24,584
28442
21046
20874
26201
24056
22418
23415
20237
22328
22273
23060
18168
20845
20618
26,069
29,554
31,079
35,588
25,137
25,947
34,045
26,429
28,022
27,879
24,983
26,409
26,912
29,221
23,123
26,070
25,595
33,386
32,694
34,314
39,689
28,289
27,984
37,515
27,550
31,836
30,743
27,299
30,411
30,330
30,873
25,692
29,242
27,256
36,649
Alcona
Alger
Allegan
Alpena
Antrim
Arenac
Baraga
Barry
Bay
Benzie
Berrien
Branch
Calhoun
2,907
2,622
3,496
3,267
3,159
3,250
3,168
3,322
3,578
3,383
4,070
3,185
4,041
7,140
6,189
8,619
8,283
8,320
7,817
7,233
9,105
9,502
7,722
8,939
8,629
9,415
13,614
12,278
16,014
15,162
14,735
13,876
12,312
15,831
16,817
14,483
16,339
14,412
16,865
17,112
15,267
20,422
18,625
19,485
16,433
15,685
21,781
20,874
18,780
20,845
16,638
21,046
20,195
18,683
26,395
23,333
24,431
20,512
18,915
27,663
25,947
23,647
26,070
20,983
25,137
22,501
22,033
28,259
27,304
27,333
23,346
21,581
29,882
27,984
26,676
29,242
23,502
28,289
United States
Rank by
2005
Level
41
Among
MSAs
1
9
10
2
11
3
5
12
6
7
4
14
8
13
Among
Counties
68
71
28
32
31
62
76
18
29
37
21
59
27
Percent
Annual
Growth Rate
2000 to 2005
3.1
Rank by
Annual
Growth Rate
2000 to 2005
2.0
2.0
2.2
2.4
1.5
2.0
0.8
2.6
2.0
1.8
2.9
2.4
1.1
2.1
2.3
1.3
1.9
Among
MSAs
6
4
11
9
14
2
8
10
1
3
13
7
5
12
Among
Counties
59
17
76
23
55
41
40
70
71
45
49
51
46
2.2
3.4
1.4
3.2
2.3
2.6
2.7
1.6
1.5
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.4
Area as
Percent
of Michigan
for 2005
105
121
87
86
115
84
97
94
83
93
93
94
79
89
83
112
69
67
86
84
84
71
66
91
86
82
89
72
87
Table A-17 (Continued)
Area
42
Cass
Charlevoix
Cheboygan
Chippewa
Clare
Clinton
Crawford
Delta
Dickinson
Eaton
Emmet
Genesee
Gladwin
Gogebic
Grand Traverse
Gratiot
Hillsdale
Houghton
Huron
Ingham
Ionia
Iosco
Iron
Isabella
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Kalkaska
Kent
Keweenaw
Lake
Lapeer
Leelanau
Lenawee
Livingston
Luce
1970
$3,658
3,142
2,990
3,019
2,865
3,576
3,255
3,232
3,544
3,717
3,696
3,992
3,104
3,226
3,886
3,501
3,476
2,808
3,247
4,040
3,101
3,459
2,856
2,916
4,080
4,095
3,342
4,067
2,573
2,909
3,482
3,688
3,881
4,121
2,715
1980
$8,517
8,256
7,597
6,970
6,857
8,976
6,484
7,950
9,554
9,636
9,063
10,586
7,118
7,206
9,158
8,446
8,126
6,928
8,770
9,969
7,885
7,698
8,120
7,633
9,532
10,078
6,712
10,076
6,797
6,081
9,152
8,982
9,485
10,488
8,334
1990
$14,626
15,967
13,696
11,774
12,485
16,339
11,965
14,554
17,464
17,750
18,898
17,481
12,748
13,036
18,115
14,352
14,419
12,864
15,799
17,850
13,217
15,123
13,643
14,038
16,104
19,282
12,456
19,278
14,189
11,279
16,958
17,813
17,025
20,613
15,328
1995
$19,194
20,846
17,634
15,011
15,374
22,516
15,458
18,627
20,264
22,858
22,203
24,056
16,020
16,636
22,151
17,949
18,272
15,837
20,395
22,015
16,183
17,363
16,278
16,347
20,237
23,688
16,273
23,630
16,964
15,316
21,848
22,514
20,768
27,403
19,834
2000
$24,734
26,069
21,467
18,618
19,083
28,657
19,683
23,121
25,256
26,980
27,458
26,429
19,932
20,033
28,911
20,048
22,737
19,435
24,811
26,481
20,940
19,900
20,344
20,536
24,983
27,809
18,349
29,390
20,900
18,596
28,087
27,978
25,996
35,801
17,184
2005
$28,322
31,486
24,765
21,632
22,497
30,685
21,204
26,799
29,869
29,257
33,896
27,550
22,366
23,731
32,089
23,794
25,208
22,976
28,886
30,656
23,442
22,792
25,458
24,978
27,299
32,089
20,512
33,627
25,740
21,041
28,686
36,502
29,116
36,140
19,115
Rank by
2005
Level
26
11
52
75
69
15
78
36
19
20
7
30
70
56
9
55
47
65
23
16
60
67
45
49
33
9
81
8
43
80
24
4
22
5
83
Percent
Annual
Growth Rate
2000 to 2005
2.7
3.8
2.9
3.0
3.3
1.4
1.5
3.0
3.4
1.6
4.3
0.8
2.3
3.4
2.1
3.5
2.1
3.4
3.1
3.0
2.3
2.8
4.6
4.0
1.8
2.9
2.3
2.7
4.3
2.5
0.4
5.5
2.3
0.2
2.2
Rank by
Annual
Growth Rate
2000 to 2005
37
9
34
29
18
75
72
30
15
69
5
81
47
14
64
13
66
16
27
31
53
36
3
8
68
33
56
38
6
43
82
1
52
83
60
Area as
Percent
of Michigan
for 2005
87
96
76
66
69
94
65
82
91
89
104
84
68
73
98
73
77
70
88
94
72
70
78
76
83
98
63
103
79
64
88
112
89
111
58
Table A-17 (Continued)
Area
43
Mackinac
Macomb
Manistee
Marquette
Mason
Mecosta
Menominee
Midland
Missaukee
Monroe
Montcalm
Montmorency
Muskegon
Newaygo
Oakland
Oceana
Ogemaw
Ontonagon
Osceola
Oscoda
Otsego
Ottawa
Presque Isle
Roscommon
Saginaw
St. Clair
St. Joseph
Sanilac
Schoolcraft
Shiawassee
Tuscola
Van Buren
Washtenaw
Wayne
Wexford
1970
$2,873
4,386
3,227
3,272
3,324
2,520
2,925
4,367
2,725
3,730
3,411
2,653
3,687
3,289
5,500
3,285
2,808
3,108
2,967
2,509
3,334
3,805
2,739
3,271
3,801
3,879
3,855
3,615
2,929
3,668
3,328
3,526
4,668
4,452
3,003
1980
$7,343
11,086
8,009
8,288
7,845
6,314
7,708
10,723
6,532
9,515
8,437
6,966
8,864
7,561
14,114
7,748
6,470
7,560
6,552
6,577
8,181
9,417
7,751
7,528
9,934
9,426
8,650
8,552
7,431
9,257
8,781
8,030
12,040
10,578
7,140
1990
$14,958
21,245
14,378
14,951
14,647
11,674
14,748
21,894
12,527
17,314
12,848
11,776
15,013
13,518
27,710
13,662
11,636
13,906
12,203
10,474
15,688
18,944
13,422
13,981
16,465
17,465
15,143
14,816
13,707
15,408
14,578
14,298
23,002
18,550
13,825
1995
$20,178
25,016
16,921
18,214
18,336
16,198
18,444
26,447
15,445
23,060
15,893
14,898
18,168
16,979
35,578
16,764
14,431
18,375
16,026
13,523
18,658
23,415
15,994
16,714
20,618
21,592
19,686
19,025
17,312
19,690
18,762
18,078
28,442
21,927
17,579
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Dept. of Commerce
Note: County and Metro Area data are from April 26, 2007 release, U.S. and Michigan data are from March 26, 2008 release.
2000
$24,560
32,941
21,880
22,314
22,677
18,546
21,944
31,581
19,296
29,221
18,949
18,140
23,123
21,121
47,072
19,231
18,034
20,887
19,445
15,552
24,364
27,879
20,104
19,764
25,595
27,831
23,096
23,348
20,337
23,143
21,475
22,030
35,588
27,515
22,166
2005
$28,619
34,761
24,853
26,506
26,396
21,658
25,094
37,099
21,545
30,873
21,868
21,153
25,692
23,644
52,274
23,404
21,768
26,013
23,093
19,960
27,047
30,743
23,547
23,141
27,256
29,922
26,078
26,189
23,837
24,916
22,932
25,290
39,689
30,855
24,593
Rank by
2005
Level
25
6
51
38
39
74
48
3
77
12
72
79
44
57
1
61
73
42
64
82
35
14
58
63
34
17
41
40
54
50
66
46
2
13
53
Percent
Annual
Growth Rate
2000 to 2005
3.1
1.1
2.6
3.5
3.1
3.2
2.7
3.3
2.2
1.1
2.9
3.1
2.1
2.3
2.1
4.0
3.8
4.5
3.5
5.1
2.1
2.0
3.2
3.2
1.3
1.5
2.5
2.3
3.2
1.5
1.3
2.8
2.2
2.3
2.1
Rank by
Annual
Growth Rate
2000 to 2005
26
80
42
11
28
24
39
19
57
79
32
25
61
54
62
7
10
4
12
2
63
67
21
22
78
74
44
48
20
73
77
35
58
50
65
Area as
Percent
of Michigan
for 2005
88
106
76
81
81
66
77
113
66
94
67
65
79
72
160
72
67
80
71
61
83
94
72
71
83
92
80
80
73
76
70
77
121
94
75
Table A-18
MICHIGAN GROSS STATE PRODUCT BY SECTOR - MILLIONS OF DOLLARS
Component
Agriculture
Mining
Utilities
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
$1,587
$1,554
$1,606
$1,796
$2,364
$2,131
$2,123
690
700
651
737
834
1,195
1,585
6,438
7,445
6,829
7,464
7,791
8,257
8,754
Construction
15,568
15,551
15,462
14,977
15,974
17,019
15,958
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Motor vehicle
Furniture
Other durable goods
76,330
62,663
35,771
3,263
23,629
68,607
55,709
31,498
2,619
21,592
75,839
60,925
36,969
2,571
21,385
77,160
61,790
37,939
2,825
21,027
70,288
55,361
29,567
3,912
21,883
66,758
52,318
25,375
3,798
23,143
68,355
53,768
N/A
N/A
N/A
Nondurable goods
13,667
12,899
14,914
15,369
14,927
14,439
14,587
42,737
43,472
44,121
45,510
46,607
48,466
49,322
Transportation
8,347
7,847
8,376
8,693
8,945
9,137
9,102
Information
8,652
9,130
9,192
9,418
10,065
10,626
10,837
70,477
Wholesale + retail trade
Finance, insurance, real estate
56,066
58,640
61,987
63,264
65,274
67,353
Prof., tech, mgmt of enterpr.
37,143
34,658
34,270
34,187
36,135
37,226
37,336
Admin. & waste services
10,571
10,443
10,931
11,832
12,259
13,135
13,173
Education services
1,548
1,627
1,783
2,005
2,182
2,371
2,470
20,814
22,182
23,730
25,228
26,435
28,220
29,649
Arts, entertainment, & recr.
2,593
2,819
3,102
3,138
3,177
3,214
3,350
Accomodation & food serv.
7,124
7,167
7,503
7,795
8,157
8,307
8,603
Other serv.
7,364
7,822
8,001
8,265
8,519
8,643
8,780
Government
33,664
34,754
36,452
37,563
38,375
40,091
41,127
Health services
Federal gov.
4,223
4,178
4,596
5,095
5,345
5,489
N/A
29,441
30,576
31,857
32,468
33,029
34,602
N/A
$337,235
$334,419
$349,837
$359,031
$363,380
$372,148
$381,003
Agriculture
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.7%
0.6%
0.6%
Mining
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
Utilities
1.9%
2.2%
2.0%
2.1%
2.1%
2.2%
2.3%
Construction
4.6%
4.7%
4.4%
4.2%
4.4%
4.6%
4.2%
State & local gov.
Total Gross State Product
Manufacturing
22.6%
20.5%
21.7%
21.5%
19.3%
17.9%
17.9%
Wholesale + retail trade
12.7%
13.0%
12.6%
12.7%
12.8%
13.0%
12.9%
2.5%
2.3%
2.4%
2.4%
2.5%
2.5%
2.4%
Transportation
Information
2.6%
2.7%
2.6%
2.6%
2.8%
2.9%
2.8%
Finance, insurance, real estate
16.6%
17.5%
17.7%
17.6%
18.0%
18.1%
18.5%
Prof., tech, mgmt of enterpr.
9.8%
11.0%
10.4%
9.8%
9.5%
9.9%
10.0%
Admin. & waste services
3.1%
3.1%
3.1%
3.3%
3.4%
3.5%
3.5%
Education services
0.5%
0.5%
0.5%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
Health services
6.2%
6.6%
6.8%
7.0%
7.3%
7.6%
7.8%
Arts, entertainment, & recr.
0.8%
0.8%
0.9%
0.9%
0.9%
0.9%
0.9%
Accomodation & food serv.
2.1%
2.1%
2.1%
2.2%
2.2%
2.2%
2.3%
Other Serv.
2.2%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
Government
10.0%
10.4%
10.4%
10.5%
10.6%
10.8%
10.8%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce
44
Table A-19
U. S. AND DETROIT CONSUMERS PRICE INDICES
AND INFLATION RATES - CALENDAR YEAR
(1982-1984=100)
Calendar
Year
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
United States
Percent
Index
Change
27.2
1.5
28.1
3.3
28.9
2.8
29.1
0.7
29.6
1.7
29.9
1.0
30.2
1.0
30.6
1.3
31.0
1.3
31.5
1.6
32.4
2.9
33.4
3.1
34.8
4.2
36.7
5.5
38.8
5.7
40.5
4.4
41.8
3.2
44.4
6.2
49.3
11.0
53.8
9.1
56.9
5.8
60.6
6.5
65.2
7.6
72.6
11.3
82.4
13.5
90.9
10.3
96.5
6.2
99.6
3.2
103.9
4.3
107.6
3.6
109.6
1.9
113.6
3.6
118.3
4.1
124.0
4.8
130.7
5.4
136.2
4.2
140.3
3.0
144.5
3.0
148.2
2.6
152.4
2.8
156.9
3.0
160.5
2.3
163.0
1.6
166.6
2.2
172.2
3.4
177.1
2.8
179.9
1.6
184.0
2.3
188.9
2.7
195.3
3.4
201.6
3.2
207.3
2.8
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
45
Detroit
Index
28.2
29.0
29.4
29.4
29.7
29.8
29.9
30.2
30.4
31.2
32.5
33.6
35.1
37.2
39.5
40.9
42.5
45.2
50.1
53.9
56.8
60.7
65.3
73.6
85.3
93.2
97.0
99.8
103.2
106.8
108.3
111.7
116.1
122.3
128.6
133.1
135.9
139.6
144.0
148.6
152.5
156.3
159.8
163.9
169.8
174.4
178.9
182.5
185.4
190.8
196.6
200.1
Percent
Change
1.8
2.8
1.4
0.0
1.0
0.3
0.3
1.0
0.7
2.6
4.2
3.4
4.5
6.0
6.2
3.5
3.9
6.4
10.8
7.6
5.4
6.9
7.6
12.7
15.9
9.3
4.1
2.9
3.4
3.5
1.4
3.1
3.9
5.3
5.2
3.5
2.1
2.7
3.2
3.2
2.6
2.5
2.2
2.6
3.6
2.7
2.6
2.0
1.6
2.9
3.0
1.8
Table A-20
U. S. AND DETROIT CONSUMERS PRICE INDICES
AND INFLATION RATES - MICHIGAN FISCAL YEAR
(1982-1984=100)
Fiscal
Year
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
United States
Percent
Index
Change
26.9
0.5
27.7
2.9
28.6
3.3
29.0
1.4
29.4
1.5
29.8
1.2
30.1
1.0
30.4
1.2
30.8
1.4
31.2
1.3
31.9
2.2
32.9
3.2
34.0
3.3
35.7
4.9
37.8
5.9
39.7
5.2
41.2
3.6
42.8
4.0
46.6
8.9
51.8
11.1
55.8
7.8
59.7
6.9
63.9
7.0
70.4
10.2
80.0
13.6
88.9
11.1
95.4
7.3
98.8
3.6
102.9
4.1
106.6
3.6
109.3
2.5
112.4
2.8
117.0
4.1
122.6
4.8
128.7
5.0
135.2
5.1
139.3
3.0
143.5
3.0
147.3
2.6
151.4
2.8
155.6
2.8
159.8
2.7
162.4
1.6
165.5
1.9
170.8
3.2
176.3
3.2
178.9
1.5
183.1
2.3
187.4
2.3
193.5
3.3
200.6
3.7
205.3
2.3
Detroit
Index
27.8
28.7
29.3
29.3
29.5
29.9
29.8
30.0
30.3
30.7
31.8
33.2
34.2
36.1
38.4
40.3
41.7
43.5
47.5
52.2
55.7
59.7
63.8
71.2
82.3
92.1
95.8
99.4
102.4
105.8
108.1
110.7
114.8
120.8
126.8
132.4
135.2
138.6
142.9
147.5
151.6
155.4
158.9
162.8
168.3
173.8
177.5
182.0
184.4
189.0
195.9
199.0
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
Note: Rates based on State of Michigan Fiscal Year. Fiscal years 1956 - 1975 are July through June;
fiscal year 1976 is July through September; and fiscal years after 1976 are October through
September.
46
Percent
Change
0.5
3.1
2.4
-0.1
0.6
1.2
-0.3
0.8
1.1
1.3
3.4
4.3
3.2
5.5
6.5
4.8
3.6
4.3
9.2
9.9
6.8
7.1
6.9
11.6
15.6
11.9
4.0
3.8
3.0
3.3
2.2
2.4
3.7
5.2
5.0
4.4
2.1
2.5
3.1
3.2
2.8
2.5
2.3
2.5
3.4
3.3
2.1
2.5
1.3
2.5
3.7
1.6
Table A-21
U.S. AND DETROIT CONSUMER PRICE INDICES DETAIL
(Annual Average)
Expenditure category
All Items
U.S.
1970
Detroit
U.S.
1980
Detroit
U.S.
1990
Detroit
U.S.
1995
Detroit
U.S.
2000
Detroit
U.S.
2007
Detroit
47
38.8
39.5
82.4
85.3
130.7
128.6
152.4
148.6
172.2
169.8
207.3
200.1
Food and beverages
Food
Food at home
Food away from home
40.1
39.2
39.9
37.5
NA
41.7
41.5
40.8
86.7
86.8
88.4
83.4
88.9
88.9
88.4
89.8
132.1
132.4
132.3
133.4
126.5
126.3
126.8
126.5
148.9
148.4
148.8
149.0
143.6
142.8
142.2
144.4
168.4
167.8
167.9
169.0
163.9
163.3
163.4
164.4
203.3
202.9
201.2
206.7
189.1
188.7
185.7
193.7
Housing
Shelter
Rent of primary residence
Owners' equivalent rent
Fuel and utilities
Household furnishings and operations
36.4
35.5
46.5
NA
29.1
46.8
NA
38.1
50.5
NA
26.3
NA
81.1
81.0
80.9
NA
75.4
86.3
85.5
88.6
87.8
NA
72.2
87.3
128.5
140.0
138.4
144.8
111.6
113.3
126.4
140.1
136.5
144.2
112.4
104.3
148.5
165.7
157.8
171.3
123.7
123.0
140.6
160.5
148.0
165.6
116.2
110.9
169.6
193.4
183.9
198.7
137.9
128.2
161.7
187.2
172.8
192.1
129.8
120.4
209.6
240.6
234.7
246.2
200.6
126.9
189.8
215.2
204.9
214.5
210.7
117.8
Apparel
59.2
67.9
90.9
94.3
124.1
127.9
132.0
136.9
129.6
127.9
119.0
107.2
Transportation
Private
Gasoline (all types)
Public
37.5
37.5
27.9
35.2
36.9
36.6
NA
83.1
84.2
97.5
69.0
82.8
83.3
96.6
120.5
118.8
101.0
142.6
124.0
123.9
102.0
139.1
136.3
99.8
175.9
143.6
141.9
96.4
153.3
149.1
128.6
209.6
162.5
160.0
135.1
184.7
180.8
238.0
230.0
204.5
203.4
246.7
Medical care
34.0
33.5
74.9
80.1
162.8
159.8
220.5
209.2
260.8
257.4
351.1
350.5
Recreation
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
94.5
NA
103.3
106.7
111.4
119.4
Education and communication
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
92.2
NA
102.5
107.9
119.6
127.8
40.9
NA
75.2
75.1
159.0
147.5
206.9
210.8
271.1
275.8
333.3
349.4
Other goods and services
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Dept. of Labor
Table A-22
U. S. INTEREST RATES
(percent per year - average)
Year
U.S. Government Security Yields
Constant
3-month
Maturity 10Year Issues
Treasury Bills(1)
High Grade
Municipal
Bonds
(Standard &
Poor's)
Corporate Aaa
Bonds
(Moody's,
Seasoned
Issues)
30-year
Conventional
Fixed Rate
Mortgages
1960
1965
2.9
4.0
4.1
4.3
3.7
3.3
4.4
4.5
NA
NA
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
6.4
4.4
4.1
7.0
7.9
5.8
5.0
5.3
7.2
10.1
7.4
6.2
6.2
6.9
7.6
8.0
7.6
7.4
8.4
9.4
6.5
5.7
5.3
5.2
6.1
6.9
6.5
5.6
5.9
6.4
8.0
7.4
7.2
7.4
8.6
8.8
8.4
8.0
8.7
9.6
NA
NA
7.4
8.0
9.2
9.0
8.9
8.8
9.6
11.2
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
11.5
14.0
10.7
8.6
9.5
7.5
6.0
5.8
6.7
8.1
11.4
13.9
13.0
11.1
12.5
10.6
7.7
8.4
8.9
8.5
8.5
11.2
11.6
9.5
10.2
9.2
7.4
7.7
7.8
7.2
11.9
14.2
13.8
12.0
12.7
11.4
9.0
9.4
9.7
9.3
13.8
16.6
16.1
13.2
13.9
12.4
10.2
10.2
10.3
10.3
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
7.5
5.4
3.5
3.0
4.3
5.5
5.0
5.1
4.8
4.6
8.6
7.9
7.0
5.9
7.1
6.6
6.4
6.4
5.3
5.7
7.3
6.9
6.4
5.6
6.2
6.0
5.8
5.6
5.1
5.4
9.3
8.8
8.1
7.2
8.0
7.6
7.4
7.3
6.5
7.1
10.1
9.3
8.4
7.3
8.4
8.0
7.8
7.6
6.9
7.4
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
5.8
3.4
1.6
1.0
1.4
3.2
4.7
4.4
6.0
5.0
4.6
4.0
4.3
4.3
4.8
4.6
5.8
5.2
5.1
4.7
4.6
4.3
4.4
4.4
7.6
7.1
6.5
5.7
5.6
5.2
5.6
5.6
8.1
7.0
6.5
5.8
5.8
5.9
6.4
6.3
(1) Secondary market, bank discount basis
Source: Federal Reserve Board and U.S. Government Printing Office
48
Table A-23
U.S. AND MICHIGAN RESIDENT POPULATION
Year
Michigan
Population
Population Change
Number
Percent
Natural
Increase
Net
Migration
U.S.
Population
Michigan
Percent
of U.S.
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
8,881,800
8,974,200
9,028,900
9,078,000
9,117,500
9,117,700
9,129,200
9,171,100
9,217,800
9,266,300
92,400
54,700
49,100
39,500
200
11,500
41,900
46,700
48,500
1.0
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.5
0.5
113,900
76,200
65,300
62,200
60,300
57,500
59,900
64,200
67,500
-21,800
-21,200
-16,300
-22,200
-60,300
-46,500
-17,900
-17,200
-19,500
203,302,000
207,660,700
209,896,000
211,908,800
213,853,900
215,973,200
218,035,200
220,239,400
222,584,500
225,055,500
4.4
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.1
4.1
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
9,262,100
9,209,300
9,115,200
9,047,800
9,049,500
9,076,300
9,127,800
9,187,500
9,218,000
9,253,300
-4,200
-52,800
-94,100
-67,400
1,700
26,800
51,500
59,700
30,500
35,300
0.0
-0.6
-1.0
-0.7
0.0
0.3
0.6
0.7
0.3
0.4
53,100
84,200
64,300
60,100
56,100
59,700
58,800
59,300
59,000
63,500
-57,100
-137,000
-158,400
-127,600
-54,400
-32,900
-7,300
400
-28,500
-28,200
226,545,800
229,465,700
231,664,500
233,792,000
235,824,900
237,923,800
240,132,900
242,288,900
244,499,000
246,819,200
4.1
4.0
3.9
3.9
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.7
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
9,295,300
9,395,000
9,470,300
9,529,200
9,584,500
9,659,900
9,739,200
9,785,500
9,820,200
9,863,800
42,000
99,700
75,300
58,900
55,300
75,400
79,300
46,300
34,700
43,600
0.5
1.1
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.4
53,100
93,000
67,100
61,100
54,300
53,500
49,600
50,100
47,700
48,000
-11,100
-17,400
-17,300
-27,600
-24,500
100
5,600
-3,300
-12,000
-3,400
248,709,900
252,153,100
255,029,700
257,782,600
260,327,000
262,803,300
265,228,600
267,783,600
270,248,000
272,690,800
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
9,938,400
10,007,000
10,043,700
10,075,200
10,102,700
10,107,900
10,102,300
10,071,800
74,600
68,600
36,700
31,500
27,500
5,200
-5,600
-30,500
0.8
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.1
-0.1
-0.3
N/A
61,600
44,100
43,300
44,800
40,900
41,900
42,700
N/A
2,500
-10,500
-11,700
-20,300
-37,500
-52,300
-74,300
281,421,900
285,112,000
287,888,000
290,447,600
293,191,500
295,895,900
298,754,800
301,621,200
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.3
Note: Subnational population estimates result in an uncategorized residual so that the sum of natural increase and net migration
does not equal the annual change in population. The residual and the movement of federal employees and their
dependents are not shown in the table.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau and Michigan Information Center
49
Table A-24
MICHIGAN POPULATION BY COUNTY
County/Region
United States
Michigan
50
Alcona
Alger
Allegan
Alpena
Antrim
Arenac
Baraga
Barry
Bay
Benzie
Berrien
Branch
Calhoun
Cass
Charlevoix
Cheboygan
Chippewa
Clare
Clinton
Crawford
Delta
Dickinson
Eaton
Emmet
Genesee
Gladwin
Gogebic
Grand Traverse
Gratiot
Hillsdale
Population
April 1, 2000
Population
July 1, 2007
Population Change, 2000-07
Number
Percent
Births
Natural Increase, 2000-07
Deaths
Number
Percent
Net Migration, 2000-07
Number
Percent
281,424,602
301,621,157
20,196,555
7.2
29,809,472
17,597,188
12,212,284
4.3
7,984,271
2.8
9,938,482
10,071,822
133,340
1.3
948,153
628,764
319,389
3.2
-204,072
-2.1
11,719
9,862
105,665
31,314
23,110
17,269
8,746
56,755
110,157
15,998
162,455
45,787
137,985
51,102
26,090
26,448
38,543
31,252
64,753
14,273
38,520
27,472
103,655
31,437
436,148
26,023
17,370
77,654
42,285
46,527
11,538
9,612
112,761
29,707
24,299
16,608
8,544
59,188
107,517
17,510
159,589
46,194
136,615
50,551
26,181
26,768
38,922
30,697
69,755
14,550
37,367
26,937
107,390
33,393
434,715
26,287
16,287
85,479
42,141
46,781
-181
-250
7,096
-1,607
1,189
-661
-202
2,433
-2,640
1,512
-2,866
407
-1,370
-551
91
320
379
-555
5,002
277
-1,153
-535
3,735
1,956
-1,433
264
-1,083
7,825
-144
254
-1.5
-2.5
6.7
-5.1
5.1
-3.8
-2.3
4.3
-2.4
9.5
-1.8
0.9
-1.0
-1.1
0.3
1.2
1.0
-1.8
7.7
1.9
-3.0
-1.9
3.6
6.2
-0.3
1.0
-6.2
10.1
-0.3
0.5
525
590
10,823
2,164
1,771
1,252
705
5,192
9,261
1,451
15,253
4,386
13,690
3,803
2,137
2,014
2,863
2,480
5,979
983
3,025
2,033
8,995
2,680
45,202
2,012
951
7,138
3,593
4,322
1,232
794
6,093
2,523
1,732
1,409
775
3,490
7,988
1,222
11,646
3,008
10,322
3,417
1,729
2,078
2,222
2,737
3,409
1,139
2,973
2,387
5,925
2,115
28,737
2,189
1,806
4,790
3,144
3,179
-707
-204
4,730
-359
39
-157
-70
1,702
1,273
229
3,607
1,378
3,368
386
408
-64
641
-257
2,570
-156
52
-354
3,070
565
16,465
-177
-855
2,348
449
1,143
-6.0
-2.1
4.5
-1.1
0.2
-0.9
-0.8
3.0
1.2
1.4
2.2
3.0
2.4
0.8
1.6
-0.2
1.7
-0.8
4.0
-1.1
0.1
-1.3
3.0
1.8
3.8
-0.7
-4.9
3.0
1.1
2.5
573
10
2,821
-1,110
1,242
-441
47
973
-3,464
1,336
-5,850
-736
-4,145
-653
-200
487
-55
-124
2,688
494
-1,052
-65
1,106
1,551
-15,963
552
-259
5,814
-255
-688
4.9
0.1
2.7
-3.5
5.4
-2.6
0.5
1.7
-3.1
8.4
-3.6
-1.6
-3.0
-1.3
-0.8
1.8
-0.1
-0.4
4.2
3.5
-2.7
-0.2
1.1
4.9
-3.7
2.1
-1.5
7.5
-0.6
-1.5
Table A-24 (continued)
County/Region
51
Houghton
Huron
Ingham
Ionia
Iosco
Iron
Isabella
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Kalkaska
Kent
Keweenaw
Lake
Lapeer
Leelanau
Lenawee
Livingston
Luce
Mackinac
Macomb
Manistee
Marquette
Mason
Mecosta
Menominee
Midland
Missaukee
Monroe
Montcalm
Montmorency
Muskegon
Newaygo
Oakland
Oceana
Ogemaw
Ontonagon
Population
April 1, 2000
36,016
36,079
279,414
61,518
27,339
13,138
63,351
158,422
238,603
16,571
574,335
2,301
11,333
87,906
21,119
98,947
156,951
7,024
11,943
788,149
24,527
64,634
28,274
40,553
25,326
82,874
14,478
145,945
61,266
10,315
170,200
47,874
1,194,156
26,873
21,645
7,818
Population
July 1, 2007
35,201
33,290
279,295
64,053
26,255
12,151
66,693
163,006
245,333
17,188
604,330
2,151
11,153
92,012
21,898
101,243
183,194
6,728
10,877
831,077
24,803
65,216
28,750
42,090
24,249
82,818
14,976
153,608
62,950
10,327
174,386
49,171
1,206,089
27,800
21,338
6,977
Population Change, 2000-07
Number
Percent
-815
-2,789
-119
2,535
-1,084
-987
3,342
4,584
6,730
617
29,995
-150
-180
4,106
779
2,296
26,243
-296
-1,066
42,928
276
582
476
1,537
-1,077
-56
498
7,663
1,684
12
4,186
1,297
11,933
927
-307
-841
-2.3
-7.7
0.0
4.1
-4.0
-7.5
5.3
2.9
2.8
3.7
5.2
-6.5
-1.6
4.7
3.7
2.3
16.7
-4.2
-8.9
5.4
1.1
0.9
1.7
3.8
-4.3
-0.1
3.4
5.3
2.7
0.1
2.5
2.7
1.0
3.4
-1.4
-10.8
Births
2,869
2,502
26,455
6,137
1,756
687
5,271
15,168
22,721
1,650
67,889
152
828
7,714
1,413
9,027
14,921
457
761
73,782
1,864
4,511
2,329
3,395
1,820
7,111
1,255
12,785
6,172
628
17,259
4,582
110,051
2,839
1,587
355
Natural Increase, 2000-07
Deaths
Number
2,794
3,221
13,770
3,314
2,804
1,497
3,093
11,007
13,934
1,114
29,953
161
1,111
4,551
1,316
6,285
7,276
575
982
53,182
2,150
4,620
2,313
2,433
1,974
4,682
1,017
8,691
4,042
1,109
11,495
3,162
65,445
1,699
2,171
791
75
-719
12,685
2,823
-1,048
-810
2,178
4,161
8,787
536
37,936
-9
-283
3,163
97
2,742
7,645
-118
-221
20,600
-286
-109
16
962
-154
2,429
238
4,094
2,130
-481
5,764
1,420
44,606
1,140
-584
-436
Percent
0.2
-2.0
4.5
4.6
-3.8
-6.2
3.4
2.6
3.7
3.2
6.6
-0.4
-2.5
3.6
0.5
2.8
4.9
-1.7
-1.9
2.6
-1.2
-0.2
0.1
2.4
-0.6
2.9
1.6
2.8
3.5
-4.7
3.4
3.0
3.7
4.2
-2.7
-5.6
Net Migration, 2000-07
Number
Percent
-752
-1,930
-11,820
32
100
-125
1,433
1,108
-936
146
-5,521
-125
129
1,332
764
-18
19,256
-150
-791
21,879
643
986
610
760
-819
-2,130
318
4,205
-114
536
-803
88
-28,153
-80
374
-374
-2.1
-5.3
-4.2
0.1
0.4
-1.0
2.3
0.7
-0.4
0.9
-1.0
-5.4
1.1
1.5
3.6
0.0
12.3
-2.1
-6.6
2.8
2.6
1.5
2.2
1.9
-3.2
-2.6
2.2
2.9
-0.2
5.2
-0.5
0.2
-2.4
-0.3
1.7
-4.8
Table A-24 (continued)
County/Region
52
Osceola
Oscoda
Otsego
Ottawa
Presque Isle
Roscommon
Saginaw
St. Clair
St. Joseph
Sanilac
Schoolcraft
Shiawassee
Tuscola
Van Buren
Washtenaw
Wayne
Wexford
Population
April 1, 2000
23,197
9,418
23,301
238,314
14,411
25,469
210,042
164,235
62,422
44,547
8,903
71,687
58,266
76,263
322,770
2,061,162
30,484
Population
July 1, 2007
23,148
8,938
24,223
259,206
13,852
25,517
202,268
170,119
62,449
43,640
8,518
71,753
56,805
77,931
350,003
1,985,101
31,792
Population Change, 2000-07
Number
Percent
-49
-480
922
20,892
-559
48
-7,774
5,884
27
-907
-385
66
-1,461
1,668
27,233
-76,061
1,308
-0.2
-5.1
4.0
8.8
-3.9
0.2
-3.7
3.6
0.0
-2.0
-4.3
0.1
-2.5
2.2
8.4
-3.7
4.3
Births
2,217
642
2,096
26,145
908
1,548
19,451
15,118
6,866
3,975
587
6,475
4,951
7,629
30,475
208,140
2,954
Natural Increase, 2000-07
Deaths
Number
1,585
803
1,551
10,824
1,287
2,677
14,962
10,734
4,186
3,322
836
4,552
3,909
4,970
13,487
140,911
2,224
632
-161
545
15,321
-379
-1,129
4,489
4,384
2,680
653
-249
1,923
1,042
2,659
16,988
67,229
730
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Notes: 1. The change in population includes the movement of federal employees and their dependents into and out of the United States. The difference between the
change in population and the sum of natural increase and net migration for the U.S. is this movement of federal employees.
2. The estimated components of population change for subnational units produce a residual that is not displayed and the sum of natural increase and net
migration differ from the estimated change by this residual and the movement of federal employees.
Percent
2.7
-1.7
2.3
6.4
-2.6
-4.4
2.1
2.7
4.3
1.5
-2.8
2.7
1.8
3.5
5.3
3.3
2.4
Net Migration, 2000-07
Number
Percent
-570
-273
473
6,648
-116
1,259
-11,462
2,201
-2,380
-1,360
-87
-1,540
-2,254
-654
11,757
-191,107
701
-2.5
-2.9
2.0
2.8
-0.8
4.9
-5.5
1.3
-3.8
-3.1
-1.0
-2.1
-3.9
-0.9
3.6
-9.3
2.3
Table A-25
U.S. POPULATION, RANKED BY STATE
2000 Census
United States
California
Texas
New York
Florida
Illinois
Pennsylvania
Ohio
Michigan
Georgia
North Carolina
New Jersey
Virginia
Washington
Massachusetts
Indiana
Arizona
Tennessee
Missouri
Maryland
Wisconsin
Minnesota
Colorado
Alabama
South Carolina
Louisiana
Kentucky
Oregon
Oklahoma
Connecticut
Iowa
Mississippi
Arkansas
Kansas
Utah
Nevada
New Mexico
West Virginia
Nebraska
Idaho
Maine
New Hampshire
Hawaii
Rhode Island
Montana
Delaware
South Dakota
Alaska
North Dakota
Vermont
District of Columbia
Wyoming
2000
Rank
2007 Estimates
281,424,602
33,871,655
20,851,799
18,976,821
15,982,824
12,419,647
12,281,054
11,353,145
9,938,482
8,186,816
8,046,491
8,414,347
7,079,030
5,894,140
6,349,105
6,080,521
5,130,615
5,689,262
5,596,683
5,296,508
5,363,715
4,919,492
4,302,019
4,447,351
4,011,816
4,468,958
4,042,281
3,421,436
3,450,654
3,405,602
2,926,382
2,844,656
2,673,398
2,688,824
2,233,198
1,998,257
1,819,046
1,808,350
1,711,265
1,293,956
1,274,921
1,235,786
1,211,537
1,048,319
902,195
783,600
754,844
626,931
642,200
608,827
572,059
493,782
2007
Rank
301,621,157
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
9
12
15
13
14
20
16
17
19
18
21
24
23
26
22
25
28
27
29
30
31
33
32
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
48
47
49
50
51
36,553,215
23,904,380
19,297,729
18,251,243
12,852,548
12,432,792
11,466,917
10,071,822
9,544,750
9,061,032
8,685,920
7,712,091
6,468,424
6,449,755
6,345,289
6,338,755
6,156,719
5,878,415
5,618,344
5,601,640
5,197,621
4,861,515
4,627,851
4,407,709
4,293,204
4,241,474
3,747,455
3,617,316
3,502,309
2,988,046
2,918,785
2,834,797
2,775,997
2,645,330
2,565,382
1,969,915
1,812,035
1,774,571
1,499,402
1,317,207
1,315,828
1,283,388
1,057,832
957,861
864,764
796,214
683,478
639,715
621,254
588,292
522,830
Source: Population Estimates Program, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau
53
Percent
Increase
2000-2007
Rank
7.2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
7.9
14.6
1.7
14.2
3.5
1.2
1.0
1.3
16.6
12.6
3.2
8.9
9.7
1.6
4.4
23.5
8.2
5.0
6.1
4.4
5.7
13.0
4.1
9.9
-3.9
4.9
9.5
4.8
2.8
2.1
2.6
6.0
3.2
18.5
28.4
8.3
0.2
3.7
15.9
3.3
6.5
5.9
0.9
6.2
10.4
5.5
9.0
-0.4
2.0
2.8
5.9
18
6
43
7
34
46
47
45
4
9
37
15
12
44
31
2
17
27
21
30
25
8
32
11
51
28
13
29
38
41
40
22
36
3
1
16
49
33
5
35
19
23
48
20
10
26
14
50
42
39
24
Table A-26
U.S. MOTOR VEHICLE STOCKS, AGE, AND MICHIGAN VEHICLE REGISTRATIONS
Year
All New Registrations
Percent
Michigan
of U.S.
Total US New
Registrations
U.S. Stock
of Auto
(thousands
still in use)
Median
Age of
U.S. Autos
(in years)
U.S. Stock
of Trucks
(thousands
still in use)
Median
Age of
U.S. Trucks
(in years)
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
550,593
726,688
758,168
794,687
625,996
608,432
763,526
837,996
872,939
756,696
5.4
6.2
5.8
5.5
5.5
5.7
6.0
5.8
5.9
5.5
10,178,381
11,722,295
13,001,746
14,380,069
11,358,012
10,659,257
12,809,494
14,335,562
14,909,444
13,828,904
89,309
92,753
96,949
101,579
104,898
106,713
110,351
113,696
116,575
120,248
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.9
18,748
19,772
21,262
23,153
24,598
25,776
27,720
29,562
31,703
33,350
5.9
6.1
6.0
5.8
5.6
5.8
5.8
5.7
5.8
5.9
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
533,877
518,187
465,802
612,140
729,119
759,906
784,266
668,805
706,085
692,690
4.8
4.9
4.6
5.1
5.1
4.9
4.9
4.4
4.5
4.6
11,237,714
10,629,408
10,184,813
11,900,742
14,162,441
15,563,800
15,940,863
15,129,548
15,691,031
14,952,812
121,724
123,462
123,698
126,728
127,867
132,108
135,431
137,324
141,252
143,081
6.0
6.0
6.2
6.5
6.7
6.9
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.5
33,637
34,451
35,253
36,548
38,047
38,989
40,166
41,119
42,259
43,554
6.3
6.5
6.8
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.1
6.7
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
650,560
587,128
619,054
644,440
731,748
726,822
755,782
784,489
812,050
878,003
816,701
852,971
816,914
779,217
712,788
664,900
693,741
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.6
4.8
4.8
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.2
4.7
4.9
4.9
4.7
4.2
4.0
4.2
13,901,719
12,578,621
12,866,695
13,940,626
15,257,126
15,219,319
15,486,087
15,416,677
15,774,253
17,001,640
17,556,615
17,350,148
16,839,626
16,611,630
16,866,824
16,690,280
16,564,575
143,550
142,569
144,213
146,314
133,930
136,066
129,728
129,749
131,839
132,432
133,621
137,633
134,605
137,140
137,908
138,083
NA
6.5
6.7
7.0
7.3
7.5
7.7
7.9
8.1
8.3
8.3
8.3
8.3
8.4
8.6
8.9
9.0
9.2
44,479
44,936
45,504
47,095
63,445
64,778
75,940
77,307
79,062
83,148
87,108
92,110
92,939
96,202
101,430
105,948
NA
6.5
6.8
7.2
7.5
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.6
7.2
6.7
6.1
6.6
6.5
6.4
6.6
6.8
Note:
Beginning in 1994 passenger vans and SUVs previously counted as cars in vehicle stocks are included in the truck count
Sources:
Automotive News Market Data Book, Ward's Automotive Yearbook & MVMA Motor Vehicle Facts and Figures
Registration data from National Association of Auto Dealers 2001-2006
Auto and Truck Stock from Federal Highway Administration
54
Table A-27
U.S. MOTOR VEHICLE SALES
Year
Retail
Auto Sales
Domestic
Auto
Sales
Sales of
Auto
Imports
Import Share
of Total
Auto Sales
(percent)
Retail
Truck
Sales
Domestic
Truck
Sales
Import Share
of Total
Truck Sales
(percent)
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
8,851,956
8,627,120
10,099,573
11,175,554
11,308,498
10,643,554
7,448,921
7,050,120
8,606,573
9,104,454
9,307,998
8,315,622
1,403,035
1,577,000
1,493,000
2,071,100
2,000,500
2,327,932
15.8
18.3
14.8
18.5
17.7
21.9
2,687,924
2,478,219
3,181,254
3,675,439
4,109,079
3,479,794
2,511,771
2,248,904
2,943,872
3,352,255
3,773,166
3,009,867
6.6
9.3
7.5
8.8
8.2
13.5
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
8,975,209
8,532,672
7,978,177
9,181,036
10,332,669
10,982,889
11,408,910
10,186,413
10,544,154
9,770,039
6,578,275
6,206,296
5,756,660
6,795,302
7,951,517
8,204,721
8,214,662
7,081,262
7,501,095
7,014,850
2,396,934
2,326,376
2,221,517
2,385,734
2,441,713
2,841,063
3,248,579
3,144,054
3,068,738
2,755,189
26.7
27.3
27.8
26.0
23.6
25.9
28.5
30.9
29.1
28.2
2,487,239
2,260,318
2,559,881
3,129,476
3,883,555
4,414,508
4,617,506
4,709,359
4,878,312
4,779,192
2,000,669
1,809,188
2,145,947
2,658,269
3,475,416
3,902,417
3,921,408
3,800,426
4,168,256
4,055,321
19.6
20.0
16.2
15.1
10.5
11.6
15.1
19.3
14.6
15.1
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
9,295,741
8,175,582
8,210,627
8,519,573
8,991,347
8,635,557
8,529,124
8,289,116
8,183,412
8,750,956
6,842,733
6,072,255
6,216,488
6,674,458
7,181,975
7,023,843
7,139,884
6,907,992
6,756,804
6,987,208
2,453,008
2,103,327
1,994,139
1,845,115
1,809,372
1,611,714
1,389,240
1,381,124
1,426,608
1,763,748
26.4
25.7
24.3
21.7
20.1
18.7
16.3
16.7
17.4
20.2
4,591,077
4,159,421
4,674,589
5,398,491
6,097,787
6,130,411
6,611,099
6,863,749
7,408,381
8,203,968
3,836,052
3,446,744
4,001,927
4,656,228
5,702,913
5,739,890
6,169,877
6,308,207
6,739,619
7,491,217
16.4
17.1
14.4
13.7
6.5
6.4
6.7
8.1
9.0
8.7
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
9,005,099
8,655,415
8,316,763
7,816,711
7,738,956
7,964,037
8,129,927
6,940,286
6,494,104
6,012,235
5,633,634
5,502,663
5,682,212
5,704,848
2,064,813
2,161,311
2,304,528
2,183,077
2,236,293
2,281,825
2,425,079
22.9
25.0
27.7
27.9
28.9
28.7
29.8
8,397,387
8,522,374
8,531,311
8,859,022
9,175,183
9,033,145
8,430,043
7,621,004
7,630,385
7,550,006
7,721,404
8,023,945
7,913,485
7,152,046
9.2
10.5
11.5
12.8
12.5
12.4
15.2
Note:
Domestic sales include transplant vehicles (foreign company vehicles produced in North America) sold in US.
Source:
Automotive News Market Data Book
55
Table A-28
U.S. AND MICHIGAN MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTION
Total U.S.
Production
56
Michigan
Auto
Production
Michigan
Truck
Production
Total
Michigan
Production
27.8
31.6
31.5
32.3
28.6
27.0
29.7
30.9
30.1
27.1
2,099,000
2,836,000
2,902,000
3,268,000
2,403,000
2,249,000
2,914,000
2,852,000
2,707,560
2,581,919
454,000
587,000
734,000
1,012,000
897,000
757,000
1,030,000
1,077,000
1,288,000
995,781
2,553,000
3,423,000
3,636,000
4,280,000
3,300,000
3,006,000
3,944,000
3,929,000
3,995,560
3,577,700
30.9
32.1
32.2
33.8
32.8
33.4
34.3
30.9
31.1
31.4
38,837,519
37,380,354
36,433,276
40,022,104
42,159,635
44,690,081
45,156,013
46,384,697
47,670,728
48,080,447
20.6
21.4
18.9
23.8
25.9
26.1
25.2
23.7
23.6
23.1
1,731,501
2,040,238
1,817,456
2,077,412
2,138,844
2,406,822
2,626,299
2,559,963
2,389,431
2,124,044
443,125
459,673
577,142
696,546
873,452
897,914
782,155
842,132
822,213
925,383
2,174,626
2,499,911
2,394,598
2,773,958
3,012,296
3,304,736
3,408,454
3,402,095
3,211,644
3,049,427
27.1
31.3
34.8
29.2
27.6
28.3
30.0
31.0
28.5
27.4
50,375,116
47,441,562
49,442,510
48,793,692
51,745,907
53,337,499
53,270,933
56,521,200
53,841,408
56,285,888
59,703,849
57,704,876
60,292,567
61,562,436
65,654,367
67,891,639
70,927,676
19.6
18.3
19.8
22.3
23.8
22.3
22.0
21.5
22.3
23.2
21.5
20.0
20.4
19.7
18.3
17.7
16.0
1,945,632
1,566,716
1,688,034
1,797,880
2,145,905
1,848,797
1,845,163
1,875,490
1,717,388
1,777,843
1,841,551
1,663,908
1,792,277
1,526,668
1,257,830
1,187,016
1,116,159
751,129
593,320
756,354
1,012,858
1,264,398
1,235,701
1,053,919
1,120,936
1,065,940
1,329,955
1,251,084
1,023,137
1,103,271
1,257,013
1,338,482
1,326,535
1,159,110
2,696,761
2,160,036
2,444,388
2,810,738
3,410,303
3,084,498
2,899,082
2,996,426
2,783,328
3,107,798
3,092,635
2,687,045
2,895,548
2,783,681
2,596,312
2,513,551
2,275,269
27.3
24.3
25.0
25.8
27.7
25.9
24.7
24.7
23.1
23.8
24.1
23.3
23.5
22.9
21.6
20.9
20.0
Year
U.S. Car
Production
U.S. Truck
Production
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
6,550,077
8,557,878
8,827,706
9,667,118
7,309,763
6,740,584
8,537,759
9,293,674
9,153,299
8,418,369
1,716,641
2,097,697
2,471,530
3,007,495
2,742,502
2,250,507
2,946,410
3,433,569
3,676,747
2,973,498
8,266,718
10,655,575
11,299,236
12,674,613
10,052,265
8,991,091
11,484,169
12,727,243
12,830,046
11,391,867
29,707,707
33,728,068
35,845,958
39,236,122
35,108,355
33,322,385
38,619,510
41,240,509
42,611,388
41,978,835
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
6,416,885
6,280,045
4,973,870
7,112,352
7,777,721
8,186,040
7,829,697
7,094,992
7,129,420
6,829,976
1,593,489
1,701,122
1,902,164
2,400,429
3,146,356
3,485,435
3,543,168
3,880,342
4,132,729
4,294,969
8,010,374
7,981,167
6,876,034
9,512,781
10,924,077
11,671,475
11,372,865
10,975,334
11,262,149
11,124,945
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
6,079,192
5,439,379
5,655,781
5,988,534
6,609,523
6,326,700
6,055,939
5,922,205
5,549,500
5,640,030
5,542,475
4,879,119
5,027,425
4,518,000
4,236,736
4,325,702
4,372,196
3,808,844
3,444,390
4,119,195
4,901,548
5,707,176
5,577,515
5,658,812
6,217,356
6,480,603
7,445,141
7,289,185
6,638,503
7,300,881
7,627,137
7,784,480
7,692,341
6,979,093
9,888,036
8,883,769
9,784,976
10,890,082
12,316,699
11,904,215
11,714,751
12,139,561
12,030,103
13,085,171
12,831,660
11,517,622
12,328,306
12,145,137
12,021,216
12,018,043
11,351,289
Source: Automotive News Market Data Book & Michigan Department of Treasury
Total World
Production
U.S. Percent
of World
Production
Michigan
Percent of U.S.
Production
Table A-29
NEW PRIVATE HOUSING UNITS AUTHORIZED IN MICHIGAN MSAs
Ann
Arbor
Grand
PMSA Flint
Rapids Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing Muskegon Saginaw
Benton
Harbor
Detroit
PMSA
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
505
654
961
845
781
831
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
19,231
14,004
18,214
24,672
26,409
20,050
1,878
633
1,105
1,670
2,390
1,302
1,949
1,485
1,861
3,282
3,277
2,281
3,560
3,427
3,811
4,563
5,832
4,123
679
890
916
1,177
663
771
1,298
1,655
1,972
2,640
1,674
1,838
2,452
1,865
2,509
3,800
3,455
3,986
723
639
1,163
847
1,173
674
1,997
1,366
1,863
1,870
1,751
1,596
34,272
26,618
34,375
45,366
47,405
37,452
9,919
10,151
11,520
13,318
13,669
11,757
44,191
36,769
45,895
58,684
61,074
49,209
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
692
219
176
290
180
80
227
383
398
535
N/A
447
221
312
198
235
387
446
565
478
9,692
5,460
4,603
8,162
11,651
20,109
24,452
22,450
20,671
20,447
921
271
214
345
738
1,478
1,634
2,418
2,475
1,892
1,244
631
353
734
901
1,291
1,510
928
1,078
1,362
2,627
1,909
1,546
2,659
3,999
4,318
5,805
6,184
5,708
5,718
273
181
355
178
225
166
334
484
463
680
1,648
1,414
432
912
653
727
1,696
1,702
1,614
1,546
2,206
1,671
772
1,212
1,452
1,697
2,536
2,236
2,057
2,215
803
362
323
292
315
375
368
485
584
675
701
325
323
319
721
658
839
1,086
869
1,153
20,807
12,890
9,318
15,415
21,033
31,134
39,788
38,802
36,482
36,701
8,169
5,877
4,858
6,008
6,716
6,458
7,442
7,791
8,425
8,986
28,976
18,767
14,176
21,423
27,749
37,592
47,230
46,593
44,907
45,687
1990
1991
1992
229
239
395
554
472
496
16,162
14,108
15,530
1,809
1,125
1,104
1,281
837
1,135
4,876
3,104
4,136
584
454
585
728
691
810
1,634
1,839
1,580
691
555
541
1,034
1,214
1,183
29,582
24,638
27,495
9,289
9,878
9,531
38,871
34,516
37,026
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
394
370
406
210
539
604
547
698
547
669
658
507
544
614
608
731
816
625
14,719
17,572
18,024
19,709
18,164
21,056
19,370
18,348
16,218
17,779
21,060
22,990
17,326
9,592
3,330
4,091
4,078
4,881
4,765
5,637
5,361
4,645
4,824
5,069
2,527
2,708
1,676
775
1,223
1,719
1,912
2,120
1,954
1,946
2,806
2,324
3,453
2,403
2,240
2,398
1,854
980
5,351
6,606
7,102
7,940
7,151
7,720
7,228
6,614
7,187
7,304
6,735
6,886
5,826
4,278
584
621
634
716
695
718
1,007
919
945
928
831
704
897
587
1,897
1,973
2,128
2,089
2,221
2,183
2,072
2,417
2,035
2,172
2,462
1,867
1,610
1,439
1,853
1,926
1,935
2,184
1,985
1,707
2,040
2,316
2,469
2,406
3,156
2,206
2,121
1,231
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
969
766
657
480
1,469
1,461
1,200
1,339
1,357
1,518
1,360
1,545
1,242
1,229
1,137
1,023
882
483
30,965
36,573
37,560
41,676
38,839
43,154
41,902
39,635
38,917
39,904
42,119
42,649
34,071
20,680
8,790
9,902
9,666
10,679
10,398
11,320
12,355
12,854
11,222
10,064
11,794
12,072
11,257
8,511
39,755
46,475
47,226
52,355
49,237
54,474
54,257
52,489
50,139
49,968
53,913
54,721
45,328
29,191
162
625
4,376
401
300
1,849
202
693
674
187
97
9,566
9,124
18,690
Year
57
2007
(p)
(1) Starting in 1993, the Muskegon housing starts are included in the Grand Rapids total.
(2) Starting in 1993 the totals for Battle Creek and Kalamazoo were reported together.
(3) New area definitions were adopted beginning in 2003.
(4) 2007 data are preliminary.
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce
MSA
Total
NonMetro
Total
Battle
Creek
Michigan
Total
Table A-30
MEDIAN PRICE OF EXISTING HOMES - MICHIGAN METROPOLITAN AREAS
1988 - 2007
Year
58
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Detroit
Grand
Rapids
$73,100
73,700
76,700
80,600
81,300
86,000
87,000
98,200
111,400
119,600
132,600
140,000
150,500
160,000
162,800
164,400
161,000
163,800
151,700
140,300
Kalamazoo
Lansing E. Lansing
U.S.
Midwest
CPI
$57,900
64,200
68,300
70,700
73,100
76,500
76,900
80,600
87,200
93,600
100,200
106,700
114,100
121,000
125,300
129,900
132,900
137,800
134,500
129,400
$53,200
57,200
60,400
64,900
69,600
71,100
74,800
82,200
90,000
97,200
102,300
110,900
110,100
115,500
115,400
123,400
123,100
121,100
N/A
N/A
$56,600
59,800
63,300
66,700
69,900
73,200
75,500
79,800
84,700
89,600
100,200
105,200
109,800
118,900
126,400
133,600
137,900
142,200
137,700
126,800
$89,300
89,500
92,000
97,100
99,700
103,100
107,200
110,500
115,800
121,800
128,400
133,300
139,000
147,800
158,100
180,200
195,200
219,000
221,900
217,800
$68,400
71,800
75,300
79,500
83,000
86,000
89,300
94,800
101,000
107,000
114,300
119,600
123,600
130,200
135,800
143,700
151,500
168,300
164,800
161,400
118.3
124.0
130.7
136.2
140.3
144.5
148.2
152.4
156.9
160.5
163.0
166.6
172.2
177.1
179.9
184.0
188.9
195.3
201.6
207.3
-3.8%
21.3%
123.5%
N/A
9.2%
127.6%
-7.9%
20.5%
124.0%
-1.8%
63.4%
143.9%
-2.1%
34.9%
136.0%
2.8%
24.5%
75.3%
1.3%
6.9%
4.7%
2.4%
5.8%
4.3%
6.3%
3.7%
4.8%
3.8%
5.2%
4.6%
2.8%
3.2%
3.0%
Cumulative Percentage Change
2006 - 2007
1999 - 2007
1988 - 2007
-7.5%
0.2%
91.9%
Average Annual Percentage Change
1999 - 2007
1988 - 1999
1988 - 2007
0.0%
6.1%
3.5%
2.4%
5.7%
4.3%
* The 2006 and 2007 values for the Kalamazoo area are unavailable. The 2005 value is used in comparisons of price changes.
Sources: National Association of Realtors and Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor
Table A-31
10-YEAR STATE OF MICHIGAN REVENUE HISTORY
(in Thousands)
FY 1998
Taxes
Sales
Personal Income
Amt Reported as Expenditures
Single Business
Use
State Education (Property)
Real Estate Transfer
Liquor, Beer, Wine, & Tobacco
Casino Gaming Wagering
Telephone and Telegraph
Insurance Company
Motor Vehicle and Fuel
Quality Assur. Assessment
Other
Total Taxes
59
Federal Agencies
Local Agencies
Spec Medicaid Reimb
Services
Licenses and Permits
Miscellaneous
Total Revenue
FY 1999
FY 2000
FY 2001
FY 2002
FY 2003
FY 2004
FY 2006
FY 2007
$5,617,331
6,316,125
477,000
2,349,148
1,159,258
1,256,874
227,852
689,451
NA
151,964
142,565
1,695,068
NA
543,391
20,626,025
$5,901,733
6,907,933
486,100
2,360,533
1,283,017
1,273,459
261,696
739,972
NA
150,334
199,463
1,784,970
NA
609,665
21,958,875
$6,277,498
7,144,211
502,100
2,324,868
1,355,389
1,381,420
257,093
736,859
NA
149,206
191,946
1,829,979
NA
714,899
22,865,469
$6,352,306
6,749,373
532,800
2,022,882
1,333,607
1,489,552
252,894
732,673
75,415
152,523
200,756
1,852,964
NA
657,279
22,405,023
$6,439,894
6,095,989
615,100
1,983,795
1,306,365
1,583,660
253,075
808,225
91,915
137,343
227,081
1,917,481
NA
610,485
22,070,408
$6,422,642
5,811,843
707,800
1,843,072
1,229,838
2,127,513
275,513
1,035,322
90,945
124,168
231,076
1,946,225
NA
580,001
22,425,957
$6,473,522
5,873,365
702,700
1,841,010
1,316,504
1,824,493
317,480
1,142,217
99,455
101,315
230,272
2,015,567
325,188
536,839
22,799,928
$6,599,138
6,108,924
815,300
1,907,190
1,402,399
1,914,629
313,548
1,330,759
145,811
99,149
249,524
1,942,450
509,857
598,285
23,936,964
$6,638,110
6,226,304
834,000
1,886,168
1,413,758
2,003,527
297,680
1,324,189
155,461
83,533
219,538
1,932,043
676,923
507,690
24,198,924
$6,552,240
6,442,678
883,400
1,786,213
1,380,375
2,080,977
237,483
1,288,335
159,363
87,282
223,754
1,909,146
827,776
511,861
24,370,884
7,679,490
165,443
585,179
107,623
376,909
700,553
7,902,699
183,822
690,799
113,415
383,778
769,236
8,571,625
173,882
1,059,343
110,294
393,006
1,032,248
9,566,353
227,996
1,155,374
115,346
391,655
1,281,281
10,202,344
248,867
1,109,233
121,849
408,746
1,150,187
10,812,852
230,728
932,658
121,198
417,786
1,390,001
11,579,388
239,815
704,551
148,140
555,858
1,109,630
11,974,006
262,875
467,970
264,957
423,501
1,371,999
12,160,022
124,101
93,621
269,593
437,560
1,457,623
12,655,930
139,429
102,670
284,370
444,841
1,510,134
$30,241,222
$32,002,624
$34,205,867
$35,143,027
$35,311,635
$36,331,180
$37,137,308
$38,702,270
$38,741,444
$39,508,258
Source: 2007 State of Michigan Comprehensive Annual Financial Report
Notes:
1. Beginning in fiscal year 1996-97, the State began reporting the federal share of child support collections as federal revenue, rather than as miscellaneous revenue. Prior year amounts have been reclassified.
2.
3.
4.
FY 2005
Beginning in fiscal year 1997-98, the State began reporting real estate transfer tax separately from State education (property) tax. Amounts of the real estate transfer tax for years prior to 1997-98 are not available.
Beginning in fiscal year 2003-2004, the State began reporting quality assurance assessment revenue as a tax revenue rather than as miscellaneous revenue. Amounts for years prior to 2003-2004 are not available.
Beginning in fiscal year 2004-2005, the state began reporting charges for providing vehicle and driving services as revenue from services, rather than licenses and permits.
Amounts for years prior to 2004-2005 are not available.
Table A-32
STATE REVENUE LIMIT CALCULATION - ARTICLE IX SECTION 26
(in millions)
Total Revenue and Other Fin. Sources
General, Special Revenue, and Permanent Funds
Less Statutory Exclusions
Interfund transfers
Interfund borrowing costs
Proceeds from bonds and notes
Financing from capital leases
Federal revenue
Debt service
Property tax credits
Other statutory exclusions
Special Medicaid reimb.
Out of period tax refunds
Tobacco settlement reimb.
Prior year expenditure reimb.
Other exclusions
Total Exclusions
FY 1997
FY 1998
FY 1999
FY 2000
FY 2001
FY 2002
FY 2003
FY 2004
FY 2005
FY 2006
$31,122.5
$32,930.6
$34,727.5
$36,941.5
$38,465.9
$39,092.0
$39,275.0
$39,994.4
$41,018.5
$42,052.8
($1,269.0)
($71.8)
($54.0)
($54.2)
($7,653.5)
($64.0)
($446.3)
($1,499.6)
($21.1)
($251.5)
($29.0)
($7,679.5)
($63.8)
($459.2)
($1,842.0)
$0.0
$0.0
($57.6)
($7,902.7)
($79.8)
($469.6)
($1,802.3)
$0.0
($82.1)
($22.3)
($8,571.6)
($85.6)
($484.7)
($1,910.7)
$0.0
($854.2)
($23.0)
($9,383.9)
($91.4)
($516.2)
($2,488.9)
($14.1)
($424.5)
($237.3)
($10,009.0)
($96.7)
($600.0)
($1,977.7)
($11.0)
($352.3)
($16.1)
($10,622.4)
($18.8)
($706.5)
($1,810.2)
($10.8)
($405.9)
($19.7)
($11,392.4)
($112.8)
($701.5)
($1,474.4)
($27.2)
($182.4)
($6.8)
($11,819.2)
($111.6)
($813.8)
($1,645.2)
($24.6)
($1,004.8)
($34.1)
($11,986.4)
($115.0)
($832.6)
NA
NA
NA
NA
($839.2)
($10,451.9)
NA
NA
NA
NA
($878.0)
($10,881.7)
($690.8)
($145.4)
NA
($215.2)
($148.4)
($11,551.5)
($1,059.3)
NA
($244.6)
($106.8)
($146.4)
($12,605.9)
($1,155.4)
NA
($261.2)
($277.5)
($110.3)
($14,584.0)
($1,109.2)
NA
($328.1)
($138.3)
($152.4)
($15,598.6)
($932.7)
NA
($326.0)
($125.5)
($174.4)
($15,263.2)
($704.6)
NA
($273.6)
($94.6)
($130.5)
($15,656.6)
($468.0)
NA
($277.4)
($133.3)
($138.9)
($15,453.0)
($93.6)
NA
($251.5)
($124.4)
($180.2)
($16,292.4)
60
Additions
Nonrefundable tax credits
Equity Transfer From Other Funds
Total Additions
$23.8
$0.0
$23.8
$23.4
$0.0
$23.4
$25.9
$6.5
$32.4
$27.3
$0.0
$27.3
$27.3
$0.0
$27.3
$52.7
$0.0
$52.7
$49.8
$0.0
$49.8
$46.8
$0.0
$46.8
$61.3
$0.0
$61.3
$53.8
$0.0
$53.8
Total Revenue Subject to Limitation
$20,694.3
$22,072.3
$23,208.5
$24,362.9
$23,909.2
$23,546.0
$24,061.6
$24,384.7
$25,626.8
$25,814.1
$228,369.0
9.49%
$21,672.2
$239,330.0
9.49%
$22,712.4
$244,329.0
9.49%
$23,186.8
$255,039.0
9.49%
$24,203.2
$277,296.0
9.49%
$26,315.4
$289,390.0
9.49%
$27,463.1
$297,609.0
9.49%
$28,243.1
$303,745.0
9.49%
$28,825.4
$314,460.0
9.49%
$29,842.3
$324,134.0
9.49%
$30,760.3
($977.9)
($640.1)
($2,406.2)
($3,917.1)
($4,181.5)
($4,440.7)
($4,215.5)
($4,946.2)
Personal Income
Section 26 Base Ratio
Section 26 Revenue Limit
Amount Over (Under) Limit
$21.7
$159.7
Source: Michigan Department of Management and Budget, annual "Statement of Revenue Subject to Constitutional Limitation - Legal Basis"
Notes:
1. The State Revenue Limit calculation is performed in accordance with Article IX Section 26 of the State Constitution. Public Act 504 provides the statutory language to implement this provision.
Detailed information on the calculation can be found in the annual "Statement of Revenue Subject to Constitutional Limitation - Legal Basis" published by the Department of Management and Budget.
2. State revenues are compared to personal income for the calendar year ending in the preceding fiscal year. For example, FY 2007 revenues are compared to CY 2005 personal income.
Table A-33
Counter Cyclical Budget and Economic Stabilization Fund
(in millions)
61
Fiscal
Year
Unreserved
Beginning
Balance
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
$987.9
$614.5
$579.8
$1,000.5
$1,222.5
$1,264.4
$994.2
$145.2
$0.0
$81.3
$2.0
$2.0
Interest
Income
$59.2
$67.8
$60.1
$51.2
$74.0
$66.7
$20.8
$1.8
$0.0
$2.0
$0.1
$0.1
Funds
Unrestricted
and
Deposits
$96.4
$10.0
$572.6
$244.4
$100.0
$0.0
$0.0
$9.1
$81.3
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
Withdrawals/Transfers
To General
Fund
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
($270.0)
($452.8)
($124.1)
$0.0
($81.3)
$0.0
$0.0
To School
Aid Fund
$0.0
$0.0
($212.0)
($73.7)
($32.0)
($32.0)
($382.0)
($32.0)
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
To
Other
$0.0
($69.0)
$0.0
$0.0
($100.0)
($35.0)
($35.0)
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
Total
Withdrawals
$0.0
($69.0)
($212.0)
($73.7)
($132.0)
($337.0)
($869.8)
($156.1)
$0.0
($81.3)
$0.0
$0.0
Source: State of Michigan Comprehensive Annual Financial Report - various years.
Notes:
1. The Counter-Cyclical Budget and Economic Stabilization Fund was created in 1977 to assist in stabilizing revenue during periods of
economic recession. Provisions for depositing and withdrawing revenue from the fund are outlined in Public Act 431 of 1984.
2. In FY 1998, $572.6 million in fund balance was reclassified from reserved to unreserved.
Restricted
for Future
Use
Unreserved
Ending
Balance
($529.1)
($43.5)
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$0.0
$614.5
$579.8
$1,000.5
$1,222.5
$1,264.4
$994.2
$145.2
$0.0
$81.3
$2.0
$2.0
$2.1
Table A-34
MICHIGAN REAL PROPERTY STATE EQUALIZED VALUE (SEV) BY CLASS
62
Year
Agriculture
Commercial
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
$2,428,073,382
2,631,643,039
2,767,998,546
2,966,596,460
3,253,519,145
3,680,674,772
3,931,334,132
4,410,266,132
5,050,142,536
5,766,430,668
6,328,135,948
6,851,013,534
7,378,223,333
7,429,329,879
7,458,643,844
7,403,969,514
6,955,160,741
6,215,406,320
5,928,883,663
5,904,588,144
6,057,234,906
6,213,137,932
6,216,847,066
6,582,382,596
6,799,329,607
7,025,495,741
7,435,695,481
8,086,317,160
8,862,077,578
9,746,360,963
10,704,606,830
11,884,000,757
13,382,059,973
14,490,357,406
15,898,969,406
17,079,396,204
16,624,024,168
17,653,875,255
$4,479,110,556
4,920,726,264
5,289,180,485
6,095,838,694
6,748,511,652
7,251,964,454
7,643,557,366
8,077,760,508
8,650,737,622
9,581,045,520
10,633,386,181
11,556,372,899
12,186,372,328
12,465,415,642
12,743,237,220
13,515,504,501
14,310,467,355
15,738,555,140
17,510,768,606
19,315,639,740
21,188,659,057
22,554,363,038
22,937,093,145
23,876,568,014
24,519,576,429
25,507,399,601
26,883,408,611
28,796,350,519
31,168,447,882
34,175,427,581
37,747,704,809
42,041,985,038
46,474,852,558
50,419,526,422
53,021,398,105
56,219,954,715
59,155,491,285
61,995,642,365
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
Industrial
$4,354,130,433
4,732,051,343
5,006,268,660
5,257,318,114
5,614,001,496
5,824,753,617
6,356,640,800
6,585,112,846
6,935,567,823
7,502,276,607
8,181,599,425
9,124,359,043
9,418,002,354
9,452,673,269
9,535,645,848
9,867,244,730
10,185,813,823
10,529,154,262
10,848,169,099
11,417,842,888
11,989,304,264
12,301,807,180
12,589,064,977
12,854,175,802
12,981,984,517
13,460,660,268
13,994,870,592
14,619,079,321
15,283,082,298
16,480,050,259
17,496,791,093
18,529,852,114
20,553,734,463
22,918,860,554
23,776,959,348
24,824,342,675
25,387,479,560
25,813,944,008
Residential
$18,410,274,820
20,121,981,797
21,837,363,296
23,132,331,200
25,185,954,680
27,679,961,125
29,652,286,598
32,150,563,868
35,256,657,107
39,954,252,345
46,669,303,911
53,018,207,770
57,491,186,325
56,977,602,048
58,002,894,224
59,069,664,700
60,682,211,801
63,653,297,519
68,850,921,971
75,467,133,491
82,927,523,932
90,600,239,418
92,403,947,226
103,938,971,556
109,571,673,457
117,188,134,392
127,044,516,355
138,923,304,960
154,188,734,247
170,817,572,582
188,828,676,626
209,546,590,808
231,990,810,111
251,936,860,990
270,087,361,385
287,801,333,413
305,585,093,273
317,605,998,910
Timber C-O
& Developmental
$152,082,388
166,389,114
198,391,053
230,441,780
259,918,052
289,724,453
339,314,392
381,970,088
422,603,165
466,549,835
687,806,033
942,396,029
713,635,476
715,817,303
706,006,694
669,109,288
643,137,297
617,088,343
592,667,638
603,609,682
627,789,664
640,059,826
646,221,390
639,358,539
596,842,312
640,848,243
612,804,827
624,455,887
629,865,773
692,089,570
815,959,950
844,312,395
942,964,009
1,015,134,265
914,305,835
980,091,883
1,032,254,787
1,014,130,857
Total
$29,823,671,579
32,572,791,557
35,099,202,040
37,682,526,248
41,061,905,025
44,727,078,421
47,923,133,288
51,605,673,442
56,315,708,253
63,270,554,975
72,500,231,498
81,492,349,275
87,187,419,816
87,040,838,141
88,446,427,830
90,525,492,733
92,776,791,017
96,753,501,584
103,731,410,977
112,708,813,945
122,790,511,823
132,309,607,394
134,793,173,804
147,891,456,507
154,469,406,322
163,822,538,245
175,971,295,866
191,049,507,847
210,132,207,778
231,911,500,955
255,593,739,308
282,846,741,112
313,344,421,114
340,780,739,637
363,698,994,079
386,905,118,890
407,784,343,073
424,083,591,395
Table A-35
MICHIGAN REAL PROPERTY TAXABLE VALUE (TV) BY CLASS
63
Year
Agriculture
Commercial
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
$6,772,340,174
6,886,644,243
7,049,764,809
7,231,720,846
7,334,070,027
7,464,131,975
7,685,747,400
7,910,624,969
8,025,165,638
8,187,227,815
8,383,477,970
8,318,089,411
8,709,496,551
$25,090,256,525
26,020,863,515
27,350,534,023
28,935,085,319
30,616,828,483
32,803,392,665
35,302,959,948
37,625,005,929
39,673,211,156
41,568,134,188
43,823,673,918
46,241,418,568
49,075,109,720
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
Industrial
$13,369,455,314
13,783,807,105
14,319,968,643
14,877,078,650
15,680,530,909
16,340,045,165
17,011,716,807
18,082,510,606
19,689,070,248
20,403,101,673
20,944,247,274
21,548,522,986
22,193,254,919
Residential
$114,130,278,690
120,193,852,842
127,861,808,955
136,440,825,049
144,918,791,677
154,838,574,448
167,456,216,312
180,641,155,820
191,724,452,369
205,347,396,782
219,514,861,235
235,415,312,805
248,796,215,888
Timber C-O
& Developmental
$600,961,686
543,749,711
523,790,218
488,005,705
496,009,363
506,218,455
495,207,172
492,991,992
486,080,066
418,103,392
412,540,863
426,363,187
432,878,812
Total
$159,963,292,389
167,428,917,416
177,105,866,648
187,972,715,569
199,046,230,459
211,952,362,708
227,951,847,639
244,752,289,316
259,597,979,477
275,923,963,850
293,078,801,260
311,949,706,957
329,206,955,890
Table A-36
MICHIGAN PERSONAL PROPERTY STATE EQUALIZED VALUE (SEV) BY CLASS
Year
Agriculture
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
$74,778
94,686
80,064
128,156
207,163
204,494
199,605
261,790
255,864
279,328
258,028
490,114
294,784
655,831
497,858
500,785
500,674
477,606
451,565
384,496
406,188
426,726
392,853
429,993
450,795
477,348
474,703
470,474
494,174
556,817
502,346
489,918
485,349
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Commercial
$1,960,836,449
2,060,693,881
2,134,366,046
2,328,516,373
2,591,166,371
2,844,516,638
1,524,568,091
1,621,573,625
1,781,876,984
1,971,939,226
2,213,845,812
2,458,616,916
2,662,733,997
2,814,352,083
3,043,079,274
3,481,144,373
4,049,912,308
4,529,439,608
4,822,390,939
5,215,475,694
5,740,454,890
6,016,387,985
6,202,156,217
6,166,779,871
6,483,770,764
6,955,501,140
7,635,309,034
8,352,340,457
9,065,147,068
10,165,416,542
10,064,669,728
10,676,596,309
11,071,625,733
10,731,702,713
10,514,806,656
10,551,792,134
10,638,600,486
10,827,802,425
Industrial
Residential
$5,005,599,046
5,128,931,506
5,227,795,300
5,417,026,545
5,812,222,781
6,551,055,713
3,568,938,839
3,702,836,647
4,029,145,367
4,304,285,432
4,667,437,859
4,753,688,798
4,829,682,933
4,754,502,733
4,791,167,816
5,104,870,618
5,617,195,016
6,037,600,585
6,292,075,894
6,576,500,524
7,034,212,471
7,357,311,190
7,801,791,590
8,030,127,096
8,523,103,654
9,201,211,359
10,024,281,929
10,520,476,765
11,212,822,145
11,690,259,928
11,362,739,372
11,613,457,215
11,450,226,423
11,084,309,268
10,870,737,710
10,969,810,432
11,029,949,532
10,984,991,926
$26,296,146
27,807,650
28,592,264
32,384,384
36,173,370
39,285,910
42,203,838
44,002,603
52,710,272
54,087,484
63,271,040
61,383,795
61,639,336
59,061,371
58,468,096
57,335,215
58,390,922
59,371,314
64,063,434
65,574,814
68,371,182
69,102,132
70,546,736
82,215,346
83,532,191
87,585,098
96,608,358
125,506,099
138,096,206
159,036,255
177,162,084
195,349,848
202,209,747
4,600,538
3,433,197
3,704,641
1,236,965
132,759
Utility
$1,757,356,482
1,847,296,876
1,979,750,787
2,143,642,638
2,379,939,037
2,652,494,463
2,402,751,114
2,528,988,905
2,690,893,405
2,926,809,276
3,201,005,728
3,292,605,897
3,468,291,966
3,674,349,279
3,831,915,969
3,626,411,968
3,739,638,867
3,874,328,298
4,179,176,198
4,246,472,974
4,536,758,536
5,107,407,964
5,416,256,931
5,706,113,789
5,980,041,780
6,327,571,639
6,614,274,529
6,697,034,543
6,867,203,311
7,075,388,966
7,228,024,777
7,563,403,425
7,646,285,046
6,923,945,171
7,534,944,015
7,366,465,309
6,967,124,890
7,212,191,169
Note: Beginning in 2003, buildings on leased land for residential and agricultural property are assessed as real property. See MCL 211.34c.
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
64
Total
$8,750,162,901
9,064,824,599
9,370,584,461
9,921,698,096
10,819,708,722
12,087,557,218
7,538,661,487
7,897,663,570
8,554,881,892
9,257,400,746
10,145,818,467
10,566,785,520
11,022,643,016
11,302,921,297
11,725,129,013
12,270,262,959
13,465,637,787
14,501,217,411
15,358,158,030
16,104,408,501
17,380,203,267
18,550,635,997
19,491,144,328
19,985,666,094
21,070,899,184
22,572,346,584
24,370,948,553
25,695,828,338
27,283,762,904
29,090,658,508
28,833,098,307
30,049,296,715
30,370,832,298
28,744,557,690
28,923,921,578
28,891,772,516
28,636,911,872
29,025,118,279
Table A-37
MICHIGAN REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY VALUES, TAXES AND TAX RATES
Year
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Assessed
Valuation
(Thousands)
$32,954,101
36,593,349
39,814,568
42,648,458
47,269,245
51,148,731
49,905,386
53,867,947
58,353,692
64,169,105
71,724,553
80,255,988
95,623,614
97,967,489
99,987,771
102,736,459
106,340,390
111,387,223
119,027,768
128,648,757
139,920,677
150,686,640
154,265,530
167,651,137
175,280,413
186,261,943
200,246,250
216,681,926
237,410,262
260,964,265
284,331,483
312,428,793
343,577,370
369,403,504
392,561,906
415,776,197
436,293,871
County Equalized
Valuation
(Thousands)
State Equalized
Valuation
(Thousands)
$38,553,759
41,562,933
44,347,772
47,492,752
51,747,552
55,802,269
54,232,820
59,305,512
64,724,020
72,449,827
82,087,269
91,930,069
96,742,630
98,327,004
100,169,325
102,685,055
106,251,911
111,256,788
119,087,279
128,813,222
140,165,655
150,858,393
154,284,318
167,877,123
175,550,496
186,388,437
200,341,063
216,745,336
237,410,262
261,002,159
284,426,838
312,518,811
343,714,996
369,525,943
392,621,446
415,796,970
436,421,637
$38,551,597
41,648,959
44,487,728
47,612,674
51,871,329
56,800,875
55,478,935
59,512,999
64,863,929
72,512,251
82,581,103
91,799,179
98,139,884
98,302,925
100,151,842
102,685,055
106,154,935
111,037,636
119,013,924
128,754,498
139,901,357
150,665,065
153,928,613
167,731,374
175,195,104
186,394,885
200,341,063
216,745,336
237,415,971
261,002,159
284,426,838
312,896,038
343,715,252
369,525,297
392,622,129
415,796,891
436,421,255
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
65
Tax Levy
Amount
Percent
(Thousands)
Change
$1,874,291
2,063,280
2,183,224
2,420,403
2,649,594
2,903,906
2,960,724
3,207,096
3,484,874
3,889,378
4,411,378
4,898,386
5,172,518
5,187,279
5,374,275
5,592,861
5,851,019
6,214,634
6,761,056
7,391,136
7,998,491
8,638,678
8,941,685
9,500,582
6,690,701
7,081,111
7,536,108
7,952,659
8,449,614
8,933,372
9,462,264
10,250,893
11,033,307
11,269,974
12,190,160
12,827,379
13,598,087
12.9
10.1
5.8
10.9
9.5
9.6
2.0
8.3
8.7
11.6
13.4
11.0
5.6
0.3
3.6
4.1
4.6
6.2
8.8
9.3
8.2
8.0
3.5
6.3
(29.6)
5.8
6.4
5.5
6.2
5.7
5.9
8.3
7.6
2.1
8.2
5.2
6.0
Average Millage Rate
Percent
Millage
Change
48.62
49.54
49.07
50.84
51.08
51.12
53.37
53.89
53.73
53.64
53.42
53.36
52.71
52.77
53.66
54.47
55.12
55.97
56.81
57.40
57.17
57.34
58.09
56.64
38.19
38.88
39.32
39.25
39.27
39.16
39.32
39.78
40.17
39.00
40.00
39.88
39.96
2.7
1.9
(0.9)
3.6
0.5
0.1
4.4
1.0
(0.3)
(0.2)
(0.4)
(0.1)
(1.2)
0.1
1.7
1.5
1.2
1.5
1.5
1.0
(0.4)
0.3
1.3
(2.5)
(32.6)
1.8
1.1
(0.2)
0.1
(0.3)
0.4
1.2
1.0
(2.9)
2.6
(0.3)
0.2
Table A-38
MICHIGAN STATE EQUALIZED VALUE (TAXABLE VALUE), BY LOCAL UNIT OF GOVERNMENT
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
City
Year
SEV/TV
% of Total
Township
SEV/TV
% of Total
Village
SEV/TV
% of Total
Total
SEV/TV
Total
% of Total
66
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
$22,745,472
26,678,784
28,093,947
29,663,371
31,398,819
33,771,052
31,402,222
32,799,055
34,863,659
38,204,235
59.0
64.1
63.1
62.3
60.5
59.5
56.6
55.1
53.7
52.7
$15,806,125
14,970,175
16,393,781
17,949,303
20,472,509
23,029,823
24,076,713
26,713,945
30,000,270
34,308,015
41.0
35.9
36.9
37.7
39.5
40.5
43.4
44.9
46.3
47.3
$911,325
973,540
1,047,373
1,109,677
1,258,174
1,403,173
1,372,455
1,500,704
1,662,869
1,865,961
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
$38,551,598
41,648,959
44,487,728
47,612,674
51,871,329
56,800,875
55,478,935
59,512,999
64,863,929
72,512,251
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
42,833,547
47,164,585
49,958,916
49,772,178
50,620,737
52,458,583
54,421,806
57,569,279
61,857,908
66,836,823
51.9
51.4
50.9
50.6
50.5
51.1
51.3
51.8
52.0
51.9
39,747,556
44,634,595
48,180,968
48,530,747
49,531,105
50,226,472
51,733,129
53,468,357
57,156,016
61,917,675
48.1
48.6
49.1
49.4
49.5
48.9
48.7
48.2
48.0
48.1
2,115,574
2,359,223
2,535,173
2,537,973
2,587,959
2,609,131
2,706,699
2,835,748
3,034,572
3,244,865
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.5
2.5
82,581,103
91,799,179
98,139,884
98,302,925
100,151,842
102,685,055
106,154,935
111,037,636
119,013,924
128,754,498
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
72,266,851
76,914,931
78,017,505
83,356,067
86,063,830
88,477,159
92,621,682
97,013,121
102,061,718
107,322,531
111,930,043
118,509,830
124,862,873
130,277,754
135,175,888
141,079,675
147,724,774
51.7
51.1
50.7
49.7
49.1
48.6
48.3
47.9
47.4
47.1
46.5
46.0
45.5
45.1
44.4
43.9
43.4
67,634,506
73,750,133
75,911,108
84,375,307
89,131,274
93,647,994
99,058,877
105,602,411
113,117,389
120,773,866
128,717,446
139,202,268
149,789,303
158,679,412
169,540,096
180,573,408
192,609,668
48.3
48.9
49.3
50.3
50.9
51.4
51.7
52.1
52.6
52.9
53.5
54.0
54.5
54.9
55.6
56.1
56.6
3,525,406
3,807,036
3,875,338
4,246,082
4,441,626
4,600,487
4,786,935
5,028,854
5,380,576
5,718,876
6,062,413
6,508,079
6,877,505
7,293,590
7,560,152
7,905,826
8,470,420
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
139,901,357
150,665,065
153,928,613
167,731,374
175,195,104
182,125,153
191,680,559
202,615,532
215,179,108
228,096,397
240,647,490
257,712,099
274,652,176
288,957,166
304,715,984
321,653,083
340,334,443
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
Table A-39
MICHIGAN GENERAL PROPERTY TAXES, BY LOCAL UNIT OF GOVERNMENT
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
67
Year
Amount
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
$1,167,313
1,293,298
1,367,523
1,543,162
1,725,399
1,899,787
1,951,536
2,141,068
2,342,119
2,622,639
3,009,469
3,372,394
3,588,710
3,607,967
3,761,002
3,926,767
4,102,395
4,352,814
4,761,210
5,250,531
5,704,489
6,170,813
6,411,139
6,836,174
3,865,697
4,124,674
4,398,167
4,629,229
4,918,068
5,214,382
5,522,820
6,071,454
6,569,395
6,579,337
7,261,965
7,631,560
8,052,036
School
% of Total
Millage
62.3
62.7
62.6
63.8
65.1
65.4
65.9
66.8
67.2
67.4
68.2
68.8
69.4
69.6
70.0
70.2
70.1
70.0
70.4
71.0
71.3
71.4
71.7
72.0
57.8
58.2
58.4
58.2
58.2
58.4
58.4
59.2
59.5
58.4
59.6
59.5
59.2
30.28
31.05
30.74
32.41
33.26
33.45
35.18
35.98
36.11
36.17
36.44
36.74
36.57
36.70
37.55
38.24
38.65
39.20
40.01
40.78
40.78
40.96
41.65
40.75
22.07
22.65
22.95
22.85
22.86
22.86
22.95
23.56
23.92
22.77
23.83
23.73
23.66
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
Amount
$417,563
455,500
478,665
515,281
525,884
564,566
571,118
586,803
620,979
677,378
736,985
786,310
811,269
811,595
829,252
853,998
899,262
960,165
1,013,834
1,066,375
1,125,805
1,207,149
1,231,699
1,288,039
1,355,455
1,411,549
1,487,390
1,570,957
1,655,572
1,734,404
1,829,966
1,923,619
2,016,791
2,108,628
2,178,717
2,294,324
2,426,969
City
% of Total
Millage
22.3
22.1
21.9
21.3
19.8
19.4
19.3
18.3
17.8
17.4
16.7
16.1
15.7
15.6
15.4
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.0
14.4
14.1
14.0
13.8
13.6
20.3
19.9
19.7
19.8
19.6
19.4
19.3
18.8
18.3
18.7
17.9
17.9
17.8
18.36
17.07
17.04
17.37
16.75
16.72
18.19
17.89
17.81
17.73
17.21
16.67
16.24
16.31
16.38
16.28
16.52
16.69
16.40
15.96
15.59
15.70
15.79
15.46
15.75
15.95
16.06
16.19
16.22
16.16
16.35
16.23
16.15
16.19
16.12
16.26
16.43
Amount
$240,247
259,504
276,349
294,461
319,717
347,100
341,810
369,748
400,217
447,480
504,460
554,532
581,142
589,176
602,935
626,064
651,462
687,913
756,858
820,347
893,985
961,789
988,422
1,042,306
1,098,218
1,143,508
1,219,794
1,281,079
1,356,051
1,432,072
1,509,459
1,612,237
1,726,576
1,811,694
1,918,051
2,017,065
2,166,548
County
% of Total
Millage
12.8
12.6
12.7
12.2
12.1
12.0
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.5
11.4
11.3
11.2
11.4
11.2
11.2
11.1
11.1
11.2
11.1
11.2
11.1
11.1
11.0
16.4
16.1
16.2
16.1
16.0
16.0
16.0
15.7
15.6
16.1
15.7
15.7
15.9
6.23
6.23
6.21
6.18
6.16
6.11
6.16
6.21
6.17
6.17
6.11
6.04
5.92
5.99
6.02
6.10
6.14
6.20
6.36
6.37
6.39
6.38
6.42
6.21
6.27
6.28
6.36
6.32
6.30
6.28
6.27
6.26
6.29
6.27
6.29
6.27
6.37
Table A-39 (Continued)
Year
68
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Amount
$38,954
43,821
47,967
53,657
62,530
74,694
78,555
90,448
100,893
118,691
134,302
156,528
161,779
148,086
149,591
154,261
164,583
178,263
191,005
212,903
230,587
251,714
262,086
283,374
317,464
344,611
370,704
408,150
454,170
481,799
526,049
564,489
637,405
683,401
743,252
793,380
856,411
Township
% of Total
Millage
2.1
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.0
3.2
3.1
2.9
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.9
3.0
4.7
4.9
4.9
5.1
5.4
5.4
5.6
5.5
5.8
6.1
6.1
6.2
6.3
2.46
2.96
2.93
2.99
3.05
3.24
3.26
3.39
3.36
3.46
3.38
3.51
3.36
3.05
3.02
3.07
3.18
3.33
3.34
3.44
3.41
3.41
3.45
3.36
3.56
3.68
3.74
3.86
4.02
3.99
4.09
4.06
4.26
4.31
4.38
4.39
4.45
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
Amount
$10,214
11,158
12,719
13,842
16,064
17,760
17,705
19,028
20,666
23,189
26,163
28,622
29,618
30,454
31,400
31,772
33,317
35,480
38,149
40,979
43,625
47,212
48,338
50,689
53,867
56,770
60,054
63,244
65,753
70,715
73,970
79,095
83,140
86,914
88,175
91,051
96,123
Village
% of Total
Millage
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
11.21
11.46
12.14
12.47
12.77
12.66
12.90
12.68
12.43
12.43
12.37
12.13
11.68
12.00
12.17
12.18
12.31
12.51
12.57
12.63
12.37
12.40
12.47
11.94
12.13
12.34
12.55
12.58
12.22
12.37
12.20
12.15
12.09
11.92
11.66
11.52
11.35
Amount
$1,874,292
2,063,280
2,183,224
2,420,403
2,649,594
2,903,906
2,960,724
3,207,096
3,484,874
3,889,378
4,411,378
4,898,386
5,172,518
5,187,279
5,374,180
5,592,861
5,851,019
6,214,634
6,761,056
7,391,136
7,998,491
8,638,678
8,941,685
9,500,582
6,690,701
7,081,111
7,536,108
7,952,659
8,449,614
8,933,372
9,462,264
10,250,893
11,033,307
11,269,974
12,190,160
12,827,379
13,598,087
Total
% of Total
Millage
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
48.62
49.54
49.07
50.84
51.08
51.12
53.37
53.89
53.73
53.64
53.42
53.36
52.71
52.77
53.66
54.47
55.12
55.97
56.81
57.40
57.17
57.34
58.09
56.63
38.19
38.88
39.32
39.25
39.27
39.16
39.32
39.78
40.17
39.00
40.00
39.88
39.96
Table A-40
MICHIGAN SCHOOL PROPERTY TAXES
(Dollar amounts in thousands)
69
Year
Operating Taxes
Percent of
Total School
Amount
Taxes
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
$989,878
1,101,359
1,171,356
1,317,419
1,494,394
1,663,952
1,702,286
1,891,473
2,073,000
2,339,302
2,710,253
3,077,112
3,293,604
3,332,986
3,483,596
3,637,616
3,806,997
4,045,299
4,439,589
4,885,801
5,340,031
5,767,461
5,976,316
6,381,337
3,411,942
3,570,223
3,759,071
3,893,077
4,113,183
4,328,678
4,536,968
4,946,177
5,308,668
5,237,180
5,820,709
6,115,716
6,446,590
Source: Michigan State Tax Commission
84.8
85.2
85.7
85.4
86.6
87.6
87.2
88.3
88.5
89.2
90.1
91.2
91.8
92.4
92.6
92.6
92.8
92.9
93.2
93.1
93.6
93.5
93.2
93.3
88.3
86.6
85.5
84.1
83.6
83.0
82.1
81.5
80.8
79.6
80.2
80.1
80.1
Millage
Rate
25.7
26.4
26.3
27.7
28.8
29.3
30.7
31.8
32.0
32.3
32.8
33.5
33.6
33.9
34.8
35.4
35.9
36.4
37.3
37.9
38.2
38.3
38.8
38.0
19.5
19.6
19.6
19.2
19.1
19.0
18.9
19.2
19.3
18.1
19.1
19.0
18.9
Debt, Building and Site Taxes
Percent of
Total School Millage
Amount
Taxes
Rate
Amount
$177,436
191,940
196,167
225,742
231,005
235,836
249,250
249,595
269,119
283,337
299,216
295,282
295,106
274,981
277,406
289,151
295,399
307,515
321,621
364,730
364,459
403,352
434,823
454,837
453,755
554,451
639,096
736,152
804,886
885,704
985,852
1,125,277
1,260,727
1,342,157
1,441,256
1,515,844
1,605,447
$1,167,313
1,293,298
1,367,523
1,543,162
1,725,399
1,899,787
1,951,536
2,141,068
2,342,119
2,622,639
3,009,469
3,372,394
3,588,710
3,607,967
3,761,002
3,926,767
4,102,395
4,352,814
4,761,210
5,250,531
5,704,489
6,170,813
6,411,139
6,836,174
3,865,697
4,124,674
4,398,167
4,629,229
4,918,068
5,214,382
5,522,820
6,071,454
6,569,395
6,579,337
7,261,965
7,631,560
8,052,036
15.2
14.8
14.3
14.6
13.4
12.4
12.8
11.7
11.5
10.8
9.9
8.8
8.2
7.6
7.4
7.4
7.2
7.1
6.8
6.9
6.4
6.5
6.8
6.7
11.7
13.4
14.5
15.9
16.4
17.0
17.9
18.5
19.2
20.4
19.8
19.9
19.9
4.6
4.6
4.4
4.7
4.5
4.2
4.5
4.2
4.2
3.9
3.6
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.7
2.8
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.6
3.0
3.3
3.6
3.7
3.9
4.1
4.4
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.7
4.7
Total School Taxes
Total School Taxes
as a Percent of
Total Property Taxes
Total School
Millage
Rate
62.3
62.7
62.6
63.8
65.1
65.4
65.9
66.8
67.2
67.4
68.2
68.8
69.4
69.6
70.0
70.2
70.1
70.0
70.4
71.0
71.3
71.4
71.70
71.96
57.78
58.25
58.36
58.21
58.20
58.37
58.37
59.23
59.54
58.38
59.57
59.49
59.21
30.3
31.1
30.7
32.4
33.3
33.4
35.2
36.0
36.1
36.2
36.4
36.7
36.6
36.7
37.6
38.2
38.6
39.2
40.0
40.8
40.8
41.0
41.7
40.8
22.1
22.6
22.9
22.8
22.9
22.9
22.9
23.6
23.9
22.8
23.8
23.7
23.7
Table A-41
HOMESTEAD PROPERTY TAX CREDIT
(Number and amount in thousands)
Year
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
General
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
781.9
$163,430.1
$209.0
862.7
$200,376.9
$232.3
890.1
$245,832.0
$276.2
975.4
$315,030.1
$323.0
1,034.5
$359,751.8
$347.8
986.0
$337,111.2
$341.9
912.0
$311,823.0
$341.9
846.9
$280,927.6
$331.7
845.6
$277,762.5
$328.5
854.6
$287,296.5
$336.2
891.5
$322,357.5
$361.6
927.6
$363,208.1
$391.6
982.8
$401,845.8
$408.9
1,085.3
$476,258.7
$438.8
1,081.2
$468,983.7
$433.8
1,122.3
$517,887.7
$461.5
662.3
$194,591.9
$293.8
Senior Citizen
387.0
$147,391.7
$380.9
385.8
$161,663.8
$419.0
396.3
$181,608.1
$458.3
402.9
$205,905.2
$511.1
410.6
$224,438.4
$546.6
418.8
$228,140.4
$544.7
423.3
$229,545.5
$542.3
439.4
$240,933.7
$548.3
458.8
$255,597.4
$557.1
467.9
$274,740.8
$587.2
480.0
$296,508.7
$617.7
493.1
$325,536.7
$660.2
500.2
$348,082.8
$695.9
534.9
$385,417.8
$720.5
551.4
$406,505.3
$737.2
568.5
$442,577.1
$778.5
416.0
$213,210.7
$512.5
Veteran
Blind
53.2
$10,554.0
$198.4
52.5
$10,519.5
$200.4
49.3
$9,964.7
$202.1
44.8
$8,806.7
$196.6
39.2
$7,888.4
$201.2
37.6
$7,637.1
$203.1
34.7
$7,198.1
$207.4
32.1
$6,690.9
$208.4
31.0
$6,430.1
$207.4
25.2
$5,286.2
$209.8
22.9
$4,955.3
$216.4
22.8
$4,986.1
$218.7
17.3
$3,685.0
$213.0
17.1
$3,852.7
$225.3
16.1
$3,565.2
$221.4
16.2
$3,527.6
$217.8
16.7
$2,139.0
$128.1
2.7
$548.4
$203.1
3.1
$654.5
$211.1
2.4
$503.1
$209.6
2.5
$521.8
$208.7
3.1
$633.1
$204.2
2.5
$530.1
$212.0
2.5
$521.8
$208.7
2.0
$426.8
$213.4
1.7
$383.3
$225.5
2.0
$424.0
$212.0
2.2
$485.2
$220.6
1.9
$431.7
$227.2
2.3
$517.9
$225.2
2.1
$493.1
$234.8
1.6
$363.6
$227.3
1.4
$305.0
$217.9
1.6
$205.6
$128.5
70
Disabled
32.8
$6,684.5
$203.8
32.4
$7,304.0
$225.4
31.6
$7,702.3
$243.7
30.9
$8,329.6
$269.6
31.0
$8,789.3
$283.5
26.7
$7,491.4
$280.6
29.5
$8,419.8
$285.4
22.8
$6,515.2
$285.8
19.3
$5,438.2
$281.8
23.4
$6,731.0
$287.7
25.5
$7,983.0
$313.3
25.4
$8,346.4
$328.6
33.1
$11,684.8
$353.0
30.7
$11,117.9
$362.1
32.6
$11,940.8
$366.3
31.4
$12,052.5
$383.8
23.9
$6,358.4
$266.0
Farmland
5.4
$15,577.2
$2,884.7
8.3
$24,271.7
$2,924.3
12.0
$37,950.3
$3,162.5
14.8
$53,638.1
$3,624.2
15.1
$62,981.3
$4,171.0
17.0
$71,674.6
$4,216.2
18.2
$77,568.3
$4,262.0
19.6
$71,464.8
$3,646.2
17.3
$58,215.7
$3,365.1
17.1
$54,932.5
$3,212.4
16.7
$54,294.9
$3,251.2
15.4
$53,278.1
$3,459.6
15.6
$62,443.1
$4,002.8
15.3
$60,452.1
$3,951.1
15.1
$64,689.3
$4,284.1
13.7
$18,883.9
$1,378.4
Total
1,257.6
$328,608.7
$261.3
1,341.9
$396,095.9
$295.2
1,378.0
$469,881.9
$341.0
1,468.5
$576,543.7
$392.6
1,533.2
$655,139.1
$426.8
1,486.7
$643,891.5
$433.1
1,419.0
$629,182.8
$433.4
1,361.4
$613,062.5
$450.3
1,376.0
$617,076.3
$448.5
1,390.4
$632,694.2
$455.0
1,439.2
$687,222.2
$477.5
1,487.5
$756,803.9
$508.8
1,551.1
$819,094.4
$528.1
1,685.7
$939,583.3
$557.4
1,698.2
$951,810.7
$560.5
1,754.9
$1,041,039.2
$593.2
1,134.2
$435,389.5
$383.9
Table A-41 (continued)
Year
General
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Notes:
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
Number
Amount
Average
658.2
$191,569.7
$291.1
689.6
$208,123.4
$301.8
700.1
$217,637.4
$310.9
701.7
$222,668.0
$317.3
722.0
$236,806.5
$328.0
743.1
$256,411.6
$345.1
815.0
$307,264.6
$377.0
898.8
$370,010.1
$411.7
928.7
$397,200.9
$427.7
983.4
$441,451.7
$448.9
1,002.3
$466,036.9
$465.0
Senior Citizen
396.9
$210,408.8
$530.1
392.2
$215,534.1
$549.6
387.0
$216,687.5
$560.0
374.9
$218,225.7
$582.2
372.3
$222,054.4
$596.5
364.2
$220,132.0
$604.4
381.8
$245,680.5
$643.5
409.9
$283,828.7
$692.4
413.1
$290,546.3
$703.3
418.2
$304,368.7
$727.8
416.4
$306,092.4
$735.1
Veteran
17.0
$2,163.9
$127.3
15.6
$1,999.7
$128.2
15.1
$1,894.9
$125.6
13.7
$1,729.5
$126.4
12.7
$1,629.7
$127.8
12.2
$1,511.1
$124.2
11.4
$1,407.1
$123.4
10.3
$1,286.4
$124.7
10.0
$1,221.9
$122.3
9.3
$1,183.0
$126.7
9.1
$1,132.0
$124.9
The disabled category includes paraplegic, quadriplegic and totally disabled individuals.
The farmland category has been in effect since 1974 but was included in the other categories until 1979.
Source: Michigan Department of Treasury
71
Blind
1.7
$210.1
$123.6
1.5
$191.3
$127.5
2.0
$243.4
$121.1
1.6
$194.4
$123.5
1.9
$237.9
$125.6
1.8
$219.7
$123.6
1.6
$202.9
$123.9
1.5
$185.4
$120.5
1.3
$159.5
$118.6
1.4
$170.4
$123.9
1.4
$171.6
$125.5
Disabled
25.1
$6,981.5
$278.1
26.0
$6,766.3
$260.2
28.8
$8,505.7
$295.8
29.1
$8,836.7
$303.4
28.6
$8,897.2
$310.8
39.3
$19,288.0
$490.3
44.1
$23,115.3
$523.9
49.5
$27,271.5
$551.3
53.0
$30,141.4
$568.9
57.6
$34,040.6
$591.1
59.6
$35,952.5
$603.3
Farmland
12.1
$17,594.4
$1,454.1
11.4
$18,895.2
$1,657.5
8.2
$17,733.9
$2,150.1
7.7
$18,018.6
$2,331.9
7.2
$17,333.9
$2,418.6
7.4
$19,051.1
$2,587.4
9.5
$30,264.3
$3,170.7
9.2
$31,572.0
$3,416.9
8.6
$28,227.2
$3,273.1
8.1
$29,965.3
$3,677.2
8.1
$30,395.1
$3,731.3
Total
1,111.0
$428,928.4
$386.1
1,136.3
$451,510.0
$397.4
1,141.2
$462,702.7
$405.5
1,128.7
$469,673.0
$416.1
1,144.7
$486,959.7
$425.4
1,168.0
$516,613.4
$442.3
1,263.5
$607,934.6
$481.2
1,379.3
$714,154.2
$517.8
1,414.8
$747,497.1
$528.3
1,478.1
$811,179.8
$548.8
1,497.0
$839,780.6
$561.0
Table A-42
HISTORICAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF STATE REVENUE SHARING
By Type of Local Unit of Government
(in millions)
Fiscal
Year
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Counties
$121.6
153.5
163.0
174.7
178.0
190.9
200.6
200.6
214.3
228.7
217.5
202.6
182.1
0.0 (1)
0.0 (1)
0.0 (1)
Townships
Cities
$212.2
212.5
236.0
239.7
263.1
277.5
298.4
307.0
331.3
381.3
378.7
370.2
333.0
331.1
330.7
321.5
$572.1
644.9
689.2
731.2
793.7
814.9
843.7
852.1
893.6
911.7
888.0
846.7
761.4
754.0
745.4
722.9
Villages
$20.4
21.6
23.4
24.0
25.7
26.4
28.1
28.7
31.0
33.7
33.1
31.9
28.7
27.8
27.5
26.7
Total
$926.4
1,032.4
1,111.5
1,169.5
1,260.5
1,309.7
1,370.8
1,388.4
1,470.2
1,555.5
1,517.3
1,451.4
1,305.1
1,112.9
1,103.6
1,071.1
(1) Starting in Fiscal Year 2005, county revenue sharing payments were suspended.
Public Act 357 of 2004 provides a funding mechanism to serve as a substitute
to county revenue sharing payments. This substitute funding mechanism involves
a gradual shift of county property tax millage from a winter tax levy to a summer
tax levy and additionally required counties to establish a restricted fund known
as the Revenue Sharing Reserve Fund (RSRF). Counties were to deposit into
the fund 1/3 of the county's December 2004 property tax levy in the 2005
through 2007 fiscal years. Counties would then annually draw from the fund
the revenue sharing amount they received in the state's 2004 fiscal year
adjusted annually for inflation. When a county's RSRF has been depleted, the
county will once again receive revenue sharing payments from the state.
Amounts include constitutional & statutory revenue sharing, inventory reimbursements,
special census payments and special grants (FY 2004, 2005, 2006 & 2007).
Individual amounts may not add to totals due to rounding.
Source: Office of Revenue and Tax Analysis, Michigan Department of Treasury
72
Table A-43
STATE AND LOCAL TAX BURDEN COMPARISONS, FY 2005
State
FY 2005
State & Local
Taxes
(thousands)
Alabama
$11,686,675
Alaska
$2,947,034
Arizona
$18,331,117
Arkansas
$8,053,926
California
$146,616,887
Colorado
$15,680,821
Connecticut
$18,896,812
Delaware
$3,277,387
Florida
$59,863,884
Georgia
$27,486,109
Hawaii
$5,523,747
Idaho
$4,182,546
Illinois
$49,138,495
Indiana
$21,337,077
Iowa
$9,704,861
Kansas
$9,385,496
Kentucky
$12,261,812
Louisiana
$14,301,995
Maine
$5,219,708
Maryland
$23,899,055
Massachusetts
$28,756,962
Michigan
$35,295,158
Minnesota
$20,956,639
Mississippi
$7,490,681
Missouri
$17,374,264
Montana
$2,722,702
Nebraska
$6,586,238
Nevada
$9,043,570
New Hampshire
$4,319,777
New Jersey
$42,557,354
New Mexico
$6,069,328
New York
$111,107,619
North Carolina
$27,307,108
North Dakota
$2,121,388
Ohio
$41,714,754
Oklahoma
$10,073,102
Oregon
$11,106,991
Pennsylvania
$46,019,258
Rhode Island
$4,499,624
South Carolina
$11,800,640
South Dakota
$2,103,820
Tennessee
$15,993,136
Texas
$69,133,862
Utah
$7,303,964
Vermont
$2,574,761
Virginia
$27,659,186
Washington
$22,974,042
West Virginia
$5,550,746
Wisconsin
$21,403,526
Wyoming
$2,671,853
U.S. Totals
1,092,087,497
FY 2005
State & Local
2005
Taxes
Population Per Person
4,548,327
663,253
5,953,007
2,775,708
36,154,147
4,663,295
3,500,701
841,741
17,768,191
9,132,553
1,273,278
1,429,367
12,765,427
6,266,019
2,965,524
2,748,172
4,172,608
4,507,331
1,318,220
5,589,599
6,433,367
10,100,833
5,126,739
2,908,496
5,797,703
934,737
1,758,163
2,412,301
1,306,819
8,703,150
1,925,985
19,315,721
8,672,459
634,605
11,470,685
3,543,442
3,638,871
12,405,348
1,073,579
4,246,933
774,883
5,955,745
22,928,508
2,490,334
622,387
7,564,327
6,291,899
1,814,083
5,527,644
508,798
$2,569
$4,443
$3,079
$2,902
$4,055
$3,363
$5,398
$3,894
$3,369
$3,010
$4,338
$2,926
$3,849
$3,405
$3,273
$3,415
$2,939
$3,173
$3,960
$4,276
$4,470
$3,494
$4,088
$2,575
$2,997
$2,913
$3,746
$3,749
$3,306
$4,890
$3,151
$5,752
$3,149
$3,343
$3,637
$2,843
$3,052
$3,710
$4,191
$2,779
$2,715
$2,685
$3,015
$2,933
$4,137
$3,657
$3,651
$3,060
$3,872
$5,251
295,925,012
$3,690
Rank
50
6
34
44
12
27
2
14
26
38
7
42
16
25
30
24
40
31
13
8
5
23
11
49
39
43
18
17
29
4
32
1
33
28
22
45
36
19
9
46
47
48
37
41
10
20
21
35
15
3
FY 2005
Total Tax
Revenue
as a % of
Income
Rank
$132,724,750
22,935,750
171,142,750
72,667,250
1,301,152,250
169,876,000
162,595,750
30,202,250
584,216,500
273,348,500
42,651,750
39,480,000
452,140,750
191,417,000
92,710,750
88,109,750
114,879,750
124,157,250
40,022,250
227,527,750
273,644,250
329,011,000
188,231,750
71,241,250
177,149,500
26,456,250
56,968,750
83,252,250
48,426,250
372,795,000
52,260,750
750,489,000
261,528,250
19,175,000
359,549,250
103,176,250
114,262,500
424,319,500
37,335,250
116,992,500
24,683,750
179,344,500
725,587,500
65,606,250
19,978,000
275,706,250
222,437,250
46,924,500
180,705,750
18,332,500
8.81%
12.85%
10.71%
11.08%
11.27%
9.23%
11.62%
10.85%
10.25%
10.06%
12.95%
10.59%
10.87%
11.15%
10.47%
10.65%
10.67%
11.52%
13.04%
10.50%
10.51%
10.73%
11.13%
10.51%
9.81%
10.29%
11.56%
10.86%
8.92%
11.42%
11.61%
14.80%
10.44%
11.06%
11.60%
9.76%
9.72%
10.85%
12.05%
10.09%
8.52%
8.92%
9.53%
11.13%
12.89%
10.03%
10.33%
11.83%
11.84%
14.57%
49
6
27
20
16
46
10
24
38
40
4
30
22
17
34
29
28
14
3
33
32
26
18
31
42
37
13
23
47
15
11
1
35
21
12
43
44
25
7
39
50
48
45
19
5
41
36
9
8
2
9,959,529,500
10.97%
FY 2005
Personal
Income
(thousands)
Sources: Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
73
Table A-44
STATE AND LOCAL PROPERTY TAX BURDEN COMPARISONS, FY 2005
State
FY 2005
FY 2005
State & Local
State & Local
Property Taxes
2005
Property Taxes
(thousands)
Population Per Person
Rank
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
$1,792,320
$892,307
$5,126,076
$1,172,261
$34,058,299
$4,940,398
$7,155,644
$485,848
$20,389,149
$8,214,542
$818,239
$1,153,841
$18,690,132
$7,638,992
$3,302,265
$3,090,403
$2,246,867
$2,429,386
$2,151,968
$5,594,371
$10,341,126
$12,918,887
$5,250,869
$1,967,447
$4,695,477
$997,447
$2,101,827
$2,320,774
$2,650,326
$19,196,599
$863,071
$34,149,967
$6,449,622
$619,912
$11,973,971
$1,718,634
$3,562,960
$13,390,534
$1,819,413
$3,738,818
$730,122
$3,894,418
$30,275,679
$1,792,451
$1,056,355
$8,390,045
$6,637,299
$1,008,409
$7,796,015
$890,710
4,548,327
663,253
5,953,007
2,775,708
36,154,147
4,663,295
3,500,701
841,741
17,768,191
9,132,553
1,273,278
1,429,367
12,765,427
6,266,019
2,965,524
2,748,172
4,172,608
4,507,331
1,318,220
5,589,599
6,433,367
10,100,833
5,126,739
2,908,496
5,797,703
934,737
1,758,163
2,412,301
1,306,819
8,703,150
1,925,985
19,315,721
8,672,459
634,605
11,470,685
3,543,442
3,638,871
12,405,348
1,073,579
4,246,933
774,883
5,955,745
22,928,508
2,490,334
622,387
7,564,327
6,291,899
1,814,083
5,527,644
508,798
$394
$1,345
$861
$422
$942
$1,059
$2,044
$577
$1,148
$899
$643
$807
$1,464
$1,219
$1,114
$1,125
$538
$539
$1,632
$1,001
$1,607
$1,279
$1,024
$676
$810
$1,067
$1,195
$962
$2,028
$2,206
$448
$1,768
$744
$977
$1,044
$485
$979
$1,079
$1,695
$880
$942
$654
$1,320
$720
$1,697
$1,109
$1,055
$556
$1,410
$1,751
U.S. Totals
334,542,492
295,925,012
$1,130
50
12
35
49
32
23
2
43
17
33
42
37
10
15
19
18
46
45
8
27
9
14
26
40
36
22
16
30
3
1
48
4
38
29
25
47
28
21
7
34
31
41
13
39
6
20
24
44
11
5
FY 2005
Personal
Income
(thousands)
$132,724,750
22,935,750
171,142,750
72,667,250
1,301,152,250
169,876,000
162,595,750
30,202,250
584,216,500
273,348,500
42,651,750
39,480,000
452,140,750
191,417,000
92,710,750
88,109,750
114,879,750
124,157,250
40,022,250
227,527,750
273,644,250
329,011,000
188,231,750
71,241,250
177,149,500
26,456,250
56,968,750
83,252,250
48,426,250
372,795,000
52,260,750
750,489,000
261,528,250
19,175,000
359,549,250
103,176,250
114,262,500
424,319,500
37,335,250
116,992,500
24,683,750
179,344,500
725,587,500
65,606,250
19,978,000
275,706,250
222,437,250
46,924,500
180,705,750
18,332,500
1.35%
3.89%
3.00%
1.61%
2.62%
2.91%
4.40%
1.61%
3.49%
3.01%
1.92%
2.92%
4.13%
3.99%
3.56%
3.51%
1.96%
1.96%
5.38%
2.46%
3.78%
3.93%
2.79%
2.76%
2.65%
3.77%
3.69%
2.79%
5.47%
5.15%
1.65%
4.55%
2.47%
3.23%
3.33%
1.67%
3.12%
3.16%
4.87%
3.20%
2.96%
2.17%
4.17%
2.73%
5.29%
3.04%
2.98%
2.15%
4.31%
4.86%
9,959,529,500
3.36%
Sources: Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
74
FY 2005
Total
Property Tax
Revenue
as a % of
Income
Rank
50
14
28
48
38
32
8
49
20
27
45
31
11
12
18
19
44
43
2
40
15
13
33
35
37
16
17
34
1
4
47
7
39
22
21
46
25
24
5
23
30
41
10
36
3
26
29
42
9
6
Table A-45
STATE AND LOCAL SALES TAX BURDEN COMPARISONS, FY 2005
FY 2005
State & Local
Sales Taxes
(thousands)
FY 2005
State & Local
2005
Sales Taxes
Population Per Person
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
$3,533,309
$157,364
$7,026,285
$3,327,742
$37,574,729
$4,390,974
$3,267,726
$0
$20,078,780
$7,663,648
$2,136,604
$1,128,485
$8,361,402
$5,001,049
$2,159,655
$2,519,819
$2,605,165
$5,677,694
$934,848
$2,889,997
$3,890,945
$8,074,095
$4,269,450
$2,588,972
$4,859,476
$0
$1,768,202
$3,061,987
$0
$6,552,200
$2,155,330
$21,100,839
$6,242,129
$478,934
$9,649,733
$2,929,587
$0
$8,257,856
$844,087
$3,030,925
$833,586
$7,569,457
$20,248,178
$2,181,820
$315,233
$4,046,895
$10,645,361
$1,095,341
$4,299,914
$682,253
4,548,327
663,253
5,953,007
2,775,708
36,154,147
4,663,295
3,500,701
841,741
17,768,191
9,132,553
1,273,278
1,429,367
12,765,427
6,266,019
2,965,524
2,748,172
4,172,608
4,507,331
1,318,220
5,589,599
6,433,367
10,100,833
5,126,739
2,908,496
5,797,703
934,737
1,758,163
2,412,301
1,306,819
8,703,150
1,925,985
19,315,721
8,672,459
634,605
11,470,685
3,543,442
3,638,871
12,405,348
1,073,579
4,246,933
774,883
5,955,745
22,928,508
2,490,334
622,387
7,564,327
6,291,899
1,814,083
5,527,644
508,798
$777
$237
$1,180
$1,199
$1,039
$942
$933
$0
$1,130
$839
$1,678
$789
$655
$798
$728
$917
$624
$1,260
$709
$517
$605
$799
$833
$890
$838
$0
$1,006
$1,269
$0
$753
$1,119
$1,092
$720
$755
$841
$827
$0
$666
$786
$714
$1,076
$1,271
$883
$876
$506
$535
$1,692
$604
$778
$1,341
U.S. Totals
262,108,060
295,925,012
$886
State
Rank
31
46
8
7
13
15
16
47
9
22
2
28
39
27
34
17
40
6
37
44
41
26
24
18
23
47
14
5
47
33
10
11
35
32
21
25
47
38
29
36
12
4
19
20
45
43
1
42
30
3
FY 2005
Total
Sales Tax
Revenue
as a % of
Income
Rank
$132,724,750
22,935,750
171,142,750
72,667,250
1,301,152,250
169,876,000
162,595,750
30,202,250
584,216,500
273,348,500
42,651,750
39,480,000
452,140,750
191,417,000
92,710,750
88,109,750
114,879,750
124,157,250
40,022,250
227,527,750
273,644,250
329,011,000
188,231,750
71,241,250
177,149,500
26,456,250
56,968,750
83,252,250
48,426,250
372,795,000
52,260,750
750,489,000
261,528,250
19,175,000
359,549,250
103,176,250
114,262,500
424,319,500
37,335,250
116,992,500
24,683,750
179,344,500
725,587,500
65,606,250
19,978,000
275,706,250
222,437,250
46,924,500
180,705,750
18,332,500
2.66%
0.69%
4.11%
4.58%
2.89%
2.58%
2.01%
0.00%
3.44%
2.80%
5.01%
2.86%
1.85%
2.61%
2.33%
2.86%
2.27%
4.57%
2.34%
1.27%
1.42%
2.45%
2.27%
3.63%
2.74%
0.00%
3.10%
3.68%
0.00%
1.76%
4.12%
2.81%
2.39%
2.50%
2.68%
2.84%
0.00%
1.95%
2.26%
2.59%
3.38%
4.22%
2.79%
3.33%
1.58%
1.47%
4.79%
2.33%
2.38%
3.72%
24
46
7
3
15
27
38
47
11
20
1
17
40
25
34
16
36
4
32
45
44
29
35
10
22
47
14
9
47
41
6
19
30
28
23
18
47
39
37
26
12
5
21
13
42
43
2
33
31
8
9,959,529,500
2.63%
FY 2005
Personal
Income
(thousands)
Sources: Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
75
Table A-46
STATE AND LOCAL INCOME TAX BURDEN COMPARISONS, FY 2005
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
FY 2005
State & Local
Income Taxes
(thousands)
2005
Population
$2,644,726
$0
$2,848,450
$1,875,065
$42,992,007
$3,770,736
$5,033,442
$932,254
$0
$7,326,225
$1,381,481
$1,040,512
$7,936,884
$4,811,592
$2,312,898
$2,050,562
$3,792,231
$2,392,727
$1,299,252
$9,153,415
$9,690,270
4,548,327
663,253
5,953,007
2,775,708
36,154,147
4,663,295
3,500,701
841,741
17,768,191
9,132,553
1,273,278
1,429,367
12,765,427
6,266,019
2,965,524
2,748,172
4,172,608
4,507,331
1,318,220
5,589,599
6,433,367
FY 2005
State & Local
Income Taxes
Per Person
FY 2005
Total
Income Tax
Revenue
as a % of
Income
Rank
FY 2005
Personal
Income
(thousands)
$581
$0
$478
$676
$1,189
$809
$1,438
$1,108
$0
$802
$1,085
$728
$622
$768
$780
$746
$909
$531
$986
$1,638
$1,506
36
44
39
31
7
19
4
9
44
21
11
29
35
25
23
27
18
38
13
2
3
$132,724,750
22,935,750
171,142,750
72,667,250
1,301,152,250
169,876,000
162,595,750
30,202,250
584,216,500
273,348,500
42,651,750
39,480,000
452,140,750
191,417,000
92,710,750
88,109,750
114,879,750
124,157,250
40,022,250
227,527,750
273,644,250
1.99%
0.00%
1.66%
2.58%
3.30%
2.22%
3.10%
3.09%
0.00%
2.68%
3.24%
2.64%
1.76%
2.51%
2.49%
2.33%
3.30%
1.93%
3.25%
4.02%
3.54%
36
44
39
22
7
32
12
13
44
19
10
21
38
23
26
30
8
37
9
3
5
Rank
$6,565,176
10,100,833
$650
32
329,011,000
2.00%
35
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
$6,341,164
$1,174,065
$4,318,505
$713,390
$1,393,897
$0
$67,686
$8,224,290
$1,086,015
$34,843,704
$8,427,553
$242,008
$13,079,167
$2,468,609
$4,829,181
$11,461,650
$998,042
$2,691,473
$0
$155,333
$0
$1,926,697
$500,464
$8,352,366
$0
$1,171,987
$5,465,082
$0
5,126,739
2,908,496
5,797,703
934,737
1,758,163
2,412,301
1,306,819
8,703,150
1,925,985
19,315,721
8,672,459
634,605
11,470,685
3,543,442
3,638,871
12,405,348
1,073,579
4,246,933
774,883
5,955,745
22,928,508
2,490,334
622,387
7,564,327
6,291,899
1,814,083
5,527,644
508,798
$1,237
$404
$745
$763
$793
$0
$52
$945
$564
$1,804
$972
$381
$1,140
$697
$1,327
$924
$930
$634
$0
$26
$0
$774
$804
$1,104
$0
$646
$989
$0
6
40
28
26
22
44
42
15
37
1
14
41
8
30
5
17
16
34
44
43
44
24
20
10
44
33
12
44
188,231,750
71,241,250
177,149,500
26,456,250
56,968,750
83,252,250
48,426,250
372,795,000
52,260,750
750,489,000
261,528,250
19,175,000
359,549,250
103,176,250
114,262,500
424,319,500
37,335,250
116,992,500
24,683,750
179,344,500
725,587,500
65,606,250
19,978,000
275,706,250
222,437,250
46,924,500
180,705,750
18,332,500
3.37%
1.65%
2.44%
2.70%
2.45%
0.00%
0.14%
2.21%
2.08%
4.64%
3.22%
1.26%
3.64%
2.39%
4.23%
2.70%
2.67%
2.30%
0.00%
0.09%
0.00%
2.94%
2.51%
3.03%
0.00%
2.50%
3.02%
0.00%
6
40
28
18
27
44
42
33
34
1
11
41
4
29
2
17
20
31
44
43
44
16
24
14
44
25
15
44
U.S. Totals
239,782,233
295,925,012
$810
9,959,529,500
2.41%
Sources: Bureau of the Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce.
76
TABLE A-47
BUSINESS TAXES AS A SHARE OF TOTAL STATE AND LOCAL TAXES AND PRIVATE
SECTOR GROSS STATE PRODUCT, COUNCIL ON STATE TAXATION ESTIMATES, FY 2006
(BILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
State and Local
State
Business Taxes
Alabama
$5.5
Alaska
3.1
Arizona
9.8
Arkansas
3.6
California
75.3
Colorado
8.1
Connecticut
6.9
Delaware
2.0
Florida
32.0
Georgia
13.2
Hawaii
2.4
Idaho
1.9
Illinois
26.7
Indiana
10.5
Iowa
4.6
Kansas
5.3
Kentucky
5.9
Louisiana
8.9
Maine
2.5
Maryland
9.4
Massachusetts
13.1
Michigan
15.8
Minnesota
10.8
Mississippi
4.1
Missouri
7.8
Montana
1.6
Nebraska
3.5
Nevada
4.7
New Hampshire
2.5
New Jersey
18.6
New Mexico
3.5
New York
50.5
North Carolina
11.7
North Dakota
1.6
Ohio
18.4
Oklahoma
5.7
Oregon
4.8
Pennsylvania
22.0
Rhode Island
2.2
South Carolina
5.6
South Dakota
1.5
Tennessee
9.3
Texas
49.4
Utah
3.3
Vermont
1.3
Virginia
11.3
Washington
14.2
West Virginia
3.2
Wisconsin
9.6
Wyoming
2.6
Washington, DC
2.0
United States
553.7
Total State and Business Percent
Local Taxes
of Total Taxes
$12.4
44.2%
3.9
82.1%
20.0
49.4%
8.6
40.9%
177.9
42.3%
18.1
44.4%
20.1
34.3%
3.8
53.5%
67.0
47.8%
32.0
41.3%
6.2
38.0%
4.6
41.2%
56.0
47.7%
22.9
45.6%
9.8
46.6%
10.9
48.6%
13.3
44.7%
14.7
60.6%
5.6
45.6%
25.9
36.1%
33.8
38.7%
37.6
41.9%
25.5
42.5%
8.5
48.3%
18.8
41.3%
3.1
50.9%
7.2
47.4%
10.0
47.4%
4.5
56.9%
48.5
38.4%
6.1
56.5%
117.8
43.0%
31.3
37.4%
2.5
61.5%
45.5
40.3%
11.6
49.5%
13.4
36.1%
51.7
42.5%
4.9
46.0%
13.4
42.1%
2.3
64.0%
18.0
51.7%
78.3
63.1%
8.5
38.0%
2.8
45.8%
29.9
37.8%
26.9
52.9%
6.1
52.2%
24.5
39.3%
3.3
77.0%
4.5
43.9%
1,234.5
44.9%
Source: Council on State Taxation (COST), Ernst & Young
77
Business
Eff. Tax Rate (% of
Percent Rank Private Sector GSP)
29
4.3%
1
9.8%
15
5.2%
40
4.7%
34
5.2%
28
4.2%
51
3.9%
9
3.9%
18
5.4%
37
4.2%
45
5.6%
39
4.6%
19
5.3%
25
4.9%
22
4.6%
16
5.8%
27
4.9%
6
6.0%
25
6.6%
49
4.6%
43
4.4%
36
4.7%
32
5.1%
17
6.1%
37
4.1%
13
6.3%
20
5.7%
20
4.7%
7
5.1%
44
4.8%
8
6.2%
31
5.9%
48
3.9%
5
7.3%
41
4.7%
14
5.6%
49
3.9%
32
5.0%
23
5.8%
35
4.8%
3
5.4%
12
4.6%
4
5.6%
45
4.2%
24
6.5%
47
3.9%
10
6.2%
11
7.2%
42
5.0%
2
10.8%
30
3.7%
NA
5.1%
Eff. Tax
Rate Rank
41
2
22
32
22
42
46
46
19
42
16
36
21
28
36
13
28
11
5
36
40
32
24
10
45
7
15
32
24
30
8
12
46
3
32
16
46
26
13
30
19
36
16
42
6
46
8
4
26
1
51
NA
Table A-48
TOTAL BUSINESS ESTABLISHMENTS BY STATE
(Numbers in Thousands)
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
United States
Percentage
Change
2000
2005
99,817
18,501
114,804
63,185
799,863
137,528
92,436
23,771
19,655
428,438
200,442
29,853
37,429
308,067
146,321
80,890
74,939
89,921
101,016
39,466
128,467
176,222
236,912
139,080
59,788
144,755
31,849
49,623
48,178
37,414
233,559
42,782
492,073
203,903
20,139
270,509
85,094
100,645
294,741
28,534
97,146
23,783
130,876
471,509
55,379
21,564
175,582
164,018
41,047
140,415
18,120
101,976
19,808
131,651
66,039
860,866
151,070
93,561
25,319
20,481
504,662
220,528
32,244
43,346
318,927
149,871
82,087
76,173
92,176
102,790
41,933
138,481
175,291
237,523
150,231
60,542
154,306
35,736
51,440
58,561
39,224
242,128
45,006
514,265
216,994
21,061
270,968
88,548
108,571
303,333
30,331
103,416
25,205
133,098
497,758
65,549
22,273
193,067
175,658
40,735
145,159
19,736
2%
7%
15%
5%
8%
10%
1%
7%
4%
18%
10%
8%
16%
4%
2%
1%
2%
3%
2%
6%
8%
-1%
0%
8%
1%
7%
12%
4%
22%
5%
4%
5%
5%
6%
5%
0%
4%
8%
3%
6%
6%
6%
2%
6%
18%
3%
10%
7%
-1%
3%
9%
7,070,048
7,499,702
6%
2000
Rank
Source: U.S. Census County Business Pattern Data and Michigan Department of Treasury calculations.
78
25
50
22
32
1
19
27
46
49
4
11
43
40
5
15
30
31
28
23
39
21
12
8
18
33
16
42
35
36
41
9
37
2
10
48
7
29
24
6
44
26
45
20
3
34
47
13
14
38
17
51
2005
Rank
26
50
22
32
1
16
27
45
49
3
10
43
38
5
18
30
31
28
25
39
20
14
9
17
34
15
42
36
35
41
8
37
2
11
48
7
29
23
6
44
24
46
21
4
33
47
12
13
40
19
51
Table A-49
MICHIGAN MAJOR SECTOR PAYROLL
Thousands
2000
Source
Natural Resources and Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Trade, Transportation, and Utilities
Services
Not Elsewhere Classified**
Total
Total Annual
Payroll
Employees*
$410,881
$8,518,840
$37,795,762
$24,873,674
$69,392,446
$4,490,887
10,119
203,994
819,227
860,685
2,115,423
63,338
$145,482,490
4,072,786
2005
Average
Payroll Per
Employee
$40,605
$41,760
$46,136
$28,900
$32,803
$70,904
Total Annual
Payroll
Employees*
$420,942
$7,589,911
$31,631,273
$25,291,192
$83,481,305
$41,663
8,567
160,493
635,234
795,731
2,194,561
2,290
$148,456,286
3,796,876
Percent Change
Average
Payroll Per
Employee
$49,135
$47,291
$49,795
$31,784
$38,040
$18,193
Total Annual
Payroll
2%
-11%
-16%
2%
20%
-99%
Employees
-15%
-21%
-22%
-8%
4%
-96%
Average
Payroll Per
Employee
21%
13%
8%
10%
16%
-74%
79
2000 DATA INFLATION ADJUSTED TO 2005 DOLLARS
Thousands
2000
Source
Natural Resources and Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Trade, Transportation, and Utilities
Services
Not Elsewhere Classified**
Total
Total Annual
Payroll
Employees*
$469,819
$9,740,805
$43,217,285
$28,441,619
$79,346,280
$5,135,072
10,119
203,994
819,227
860,685
2,115,423
63,338
$166,350,880
4,072,786
2005
Average
Payroll Per
Employee
$46,429
$47,750
$52,754
$33,045
$37,508
$81,074
*Using mid-March employee data.
** 2000 Not Elsewhere Classified includes Auxiliaries; Auxiliaries data not reported for 2005.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Total Annual
Payroll
Employees*
$420,942
$7,589,911
$31,631,273
$25,291,192
$83,481,305
$41,663
8,567
160,493
635,234
795,731
2,194,561
2,290
$148,456,286
3,796,876
Percent Change
Average
Payroll Per
Employee
$49,135
$47,291
$49,795
$31,784
$38,040
$18,193
Total Annual
Payroll
-10%
-22%
-27%
-11%
5%
-99%
Employees
-15%
-21%
-22%
-8%
4%
-96%
Average
Payroll Per
Employee
6%
-1%
-6%
-4%
1%
-78%
Table A-50
TOTAL PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT, PAYROLL, AND NUMBER OF ESTALBLISMENTS BY COUNTY
Private Sector
Employment
80
Alcona
Alger
Allegan
Alpena
Antrim
Arenac
Baraga
Barry
Bay
Benzie
Berrien
Branch
Calhoun
Cass
Charlevoix
Cheboygan
Chippewa
Clare
Clinton
Crawford
Delta
Dickinson
Eaton
Emmet
Genesee
Gladwin
Gogebic
Grand Traverse
Gratiot
Hillsdale
Houghton
Huron
Ingham
Ionia
1,198
2,108
34,483
11,649
5,466
3,615
1,786
11,095
32,471
3,712
57,374
13,283
52,609
8,905
8,600
5,467
8,827
5,765
12,466
3,612
13,552
12,699
27,348
14,761
135,722
3,945
5,157
43,068
11,445
14,159
9,609
10,176
127,577
11,225
2005
Annual
Payroll
(000)
$28,473
$59,366
$1,193,503
$339,504
$136,336
$85,357
$54,179
$325,092
$1,066,950
$94,081
$1,874,526
$375,900
$1,924,904
$251,555
$270,843
$168,263
$216,633
$148,056
$375,744
$101,483
$380,691
$405,955
$786,025
$476,452
$4,810,466
$102,268
$99,678
$1,390,306
$310,168
$376,314
$223,638
$296,363
$4,526,306
$302,394
Number of
Establishments
233
271
2,361
885
654
365
213
1,044
2,488
499
3,956
909
2,906
861
938
851
886
584
1,266
354
1,191
949
1,942
1,650
8,866
484
484
3,627
796
930
945
1,025
7,147
1,007
Percent of Statewide Total
Annual
Private Sector
Payroll
Number of
Employment
(000)
Establishments
0.03%
0.06%
0.91%
0.31%
0.14%
0.10%
0.05%
0.29%
0.86%
0.10%
1.51%
0.35%
1.39%
0.23%
0.23%
0.14%
0.23%
0.15%
0.33%
0.10%
0.36%
0.33%
0.72%
0.39%
3.57%
0.10%
0.14%
1.13%
0.30%
0.37%
0.25%
0.27%
3.36%
0.30%
0.02%
0.04%
0.80%
0.23%
0.09%
0.06%
0.04%
0.22%
0.72%
0.06%
1.26%
0.25%
1.30%
0.17%
0.18%
0.11%
0.15%
0.10%
0.25%
0.07%
0.26%
0.27%
0.53%
0.32%
3.24%
0.07%
0.07%
0.94%
0.21%
0.25%
0.15%
0.20%
3.05%
0.20%
0.10%
0.11%
0.99%
0.37%
0.28%
0.15%
0.09%
0.44%
1.05%
0.21%
1.67%
0.38%
1.22%
0.36%
0.39%
0.36%
0.37%
0.25%
0.53%
0.15%
0.50%
0.40%
0.82%
0.69%
3.73%
0.20%
0.20%
1.53%
0.34%
0.39%
0.40%
0.43%
3.01%
0.42%
Table A-50 (continued)
Private Sector
Employment
81
Iosco
Iron
Isabella
Jackson
Kalamazoo
Kalkaska
Kent
Keweenaw
Lake
Lapeer
Leelanau
Lenawee
Livingston
Luce
Mackinac
Macomb
Manistee
Marquette
Mason
Mecosta
Menominee
Midland
Missaukee
Monroe
Montcalm
Montmorency
Muskegon
Newaygo
Oakland
Oceana
Ogemaw
Ontonagon
Osceola
Oscoda
Otsego
Ottawa
6,990
3,044
21,507
50,949
109,046
3,456
322,959
207
1,227
18,747
3,915
28,968
47,434
1,610
2,410
305,634
5,480
21,731
8,721
9,719
6,010
31,768
1,868
39,279
15,801
1,716
54,193
9,710
720,201
5,056
6,285
1,789
6,268
1,511
10,557
104,804
2005
Annual
Payroll
(000)
$188,805
$71,936
$560,530
$1,731,489
$3,931,891
$110,965
$11,758,081
$3,397
$28,424
$529,458
$107,930
$866,813
$1,580,953
$42,037
$74,427
$12,156,968
$157,336
$657,681
$256,527
$258,607
$156,588
$1,537,086
$45,894
$1,323,176
$446,107
$39,794
$1,756,069
$305,615
$35,296,395
$119,804
$152,752
$50,156
$215,069
$37,737
$279,899
$3,651,603
Number of
Establishments
750
432
1,513
3,371
5,824
371
16,324
61
168
1,819
708
2,125
4,214
185
504
19,258
667
1,756
819
831
482
1,859
283
2,601
1,149
258
3,632
850
41,812
590
634
234
460
210
910
6,211
Percent of Statewide Total
Annual
Private Sector
Payroll
Number of
Employment
(000)
Establishments
0.18%
0.08%
0.57%
1.34%
2.87%
0.09%
8.51%
0.01%
0.03%
0.49%
0.10%
0.76%
1.25%
0.04%
0.06%
8.05%
0.14%
0.57%
0.23%
0.26%
0.16%
0.84%
0.05%
1.03%
0.42%
0.05%
1.43%
0.26%
18.97%
0.13%
0.17%
0.05%
0.17%
0.04%
0.28%
2.76%
0.13%
0.05%
0.38%
1.17%
2.65%
0.07%
7.92%
0.00%
0.02%
0.36%
0.07%
0.58%
1.06%
0.03%
0.05%
8.19%
0.11%
0.44%
0.17%
0.17%
0.11%
1.04%
0.03%
0.89%
0.30%
0.03%
1.18%
0.21%
23.78%
0.08%
0.10%
0.03%
0.14%
0.03%
0.19%
2.46%
0.32%
0.18%
0.64%
1.42%
2.45%
0.16%
6.87%
0.03%
0.07%
0.77%
0.30%
0.89%
1.77%
0.08%
0.21%
8.11%
0.28%
0.74%
0.34%
0.35%
0.20%
0.78%
0.12%
1.10%
0.48%
0.11%
1.53%
0.36%
17.60%
0.25%
0.27%
0.10%
0.19%
0.09%
0.38%
2.61%
Table A-50 (continued)
Private Sector
Employment
Presque Isle
Roscommon
Saginaw
St. Clair
St. Joseph
Sanilac
Schoolcraft
Shiawassee
Tuscola
Van Buren
Washtenaw
Wayne
Wexford
82
County Unknown
Statewide
2005
Annual
Payroll
(000)
Number of
Establishments
Percent of Statewide Total
Annual
Private Sector
Payroll
Number of
Employment
(000)
Establishments
2,236
4,858
83,194
44,990
19,140
9,504
2,050
14,843
10,314
16,480
151,721
669,498
13,501
$58,135
$112,382
$2,737,374
$1,447,444
$654,609
$256,009
$59,419
$405,084
$277,175
$476,124
$6,611,288
$29,990,440
$388,215
398
677
4,827
3,538
1,278
986
265
1,330
1,024
1,472
8,337
34,812
914
0.06%
0.13%
2.19%
1.18%
0.50%
0.25%
0.05%
0.39%
0.27%
0.43%
4.00%
17.63%
0.36%
0.04%
0.08%
1.84%
0.97%
0.44%
0.17%
0.04%
0.27%
0.19%
0.32%
4.45%
20.20%
0.26%
0.17%
0.29%
2.03%
1.49%
0.54%
0.42%
0.11%
0.56%
0.43%
0.62%
3.51%
14.66%
0.38%
39,043
$916,817
223
1.03%
0.62%
0.09%
237,523
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
3,796,876
Source: U.S. Census County Business Patterns
148,456,286