Document 1800875

Table 1.1 HSE test matrix
CIRCULAR BUND CONFIGURATIONS
(3 values of R/H, 7 values of h/H and 4 values of Vtot/Vtank)
All dimensions in mm
Tests have R = 300 mm and maximum r < 2000 mm; vertical bund only
A. Tall Tank
R
300
H
600
R/H
0.5
Radius of bund (in mm) for different values of h (in mm) and Vtot/Vtank
h/H
h
Vtot/Vtank
1.1
0.05
30
1407
0.1
60
995
0.2
120
704
0.3
180
574
0.4
240
497
Vtot/Vtank for different values of h and r (in mm)
h/H
h
1
1.2
600
720
B. "Middle" Tank
R
300
r
315
1.10
1.32
H
1.2
1470
1039
735
600
520
1.5
1643
1162
822
671
581
2
1897
1342
949
775
671
330
1.21
1.45
360
1.44
1.73
390
1.69
2.03
R/H
1
300
Radius of bund (in mm) for different values of h (in mm) and Vtot/Vtank
h/H
h
Vtot/Vtank
1.1
0.05
15
1407
0.1
30
995
0.2
60
704
0.3
90
574
0.4
120
497
Vtot/Vtank for different values of h and r (in mm)
h/H
h
1
1.2
300
360
r
315
1.10
1.32
44
1.2
1470
1039
735
600
520
1.5
1643
1162
822
671
581
2
1897
1342
949
775
671
330
1.21
1.45
360
1.44
1.73
390
1.69
2.03
C. Squat Tank
R
300
H
120
R/H
2.5
Radius of bund (in mm) for different values of h (in mm) and Vtot/Vtank
h/H
h
Vtot/Vtank
1.1
0.05
6
1407
0.1
12
995
0.2
24
704
0.3
36
574
0.4
48
497
Vtot/Vtank for different values of h and r (in mm)
h
h/H
1
1.2
r
315
1.10
1.32
120
144
1.2
1470
1039
735
600
520
1.5
1643
1162
822
671
581
2
1897
1342
949
775
671
330
1.21
1.45
360
1.44
1.73
390
1.69
2.03
TOTAL NUMBER OF TESTS REQUIRED = 84 (PLUS REPEATABILITY CHECKS)
RECTANGULAR BUND CONFIGURATIONS
All dimensions in mm
Tests have R = 300 mm and vertical bund only
A. Tall Tank
R
300
H
600
h
120
Wall No
Geometry type
y
rc
z
d
1
2
Triangular (tri)
Square (squ)
882
624
Na
12
582
324
624
582
3
Rectangular (rect)
441
12
141
686
h
60
B. "Middle" Tank
R
300
H
300
Wall No
Geometry type
y
rc
z
d
4
5
6
Triangular (tri)
Square (squ)
Rectangular (rect)
882
624
441
Na
12
12
582
324
141
624
582
686
45
C. Squat Tank
R
300
H
120
h
12
Wall No
Geometry type
y
rc
z
d
7
8
9
Triangular (tri)
Square (squ)
Rectangular (rect)
1247
882
624
Na
12
12
947
582
324
882
947
1095
TOTAL NUMBER OF TESTS REQUIRED = 9 (PLUS REPEATABILITY CHECKS)
46
Table 1.2 Test configuration identities
CIRCULAR BUND CONFIGURATIONS
Test
configuration
id
Tank height,
H
(mm)
Bund radius,
r
(mm)
Bund height,
h
(mm)
Dynamic Bund probe
sensor
length
gain
(mm)
A1(h120)
A1(h144)
A1(h300)
A1(h360)
A1(h600)
A1(h720)
120
120
300
300
600
600
315
315
315
315
315
315
120
144
300
360
600
720
10
950
A2(h120)
A2(h144)
A2(h300)
A2(h360)
A2(h600)
A2(h720)
120
120
300
300
600
600
330
330
330
330
330
330
120
144
300
360
600
720
10
950
A3(h120)
A3(h144)
A3(h300)
A3(h360)
A3(h600)
A3(h720)
120
120
300
300
600
600
360
360
360
360
360
360
120
144
300
360
600
720
10
950
A4(h120)
A4(h144)
A4(h300)
A4(h360)
A4(h600)
A4(h720)
120
120
300
300
600
600
390
390
390
390
390
390
120
144
300
360
600
720
10
950
B1(h48)
B1(h120)
B1(h240)
120
300
600
497
497
497
48
120
240
10
950
B2(h48)
B2(h120)
B2(h240)
120
300
600
520
520
520
48
120
240
10
950
C1(h36)
C1(h90)
C1(h180)
120
300
600
574
574
574
36
90
180
100
950
47
Test
configuration
id
Tank height,
H
(mm)
Bund radius,
r
(mm)
Bund height,
h
(mm)
Dynamic Bund probe
sensor
length
gain
(mm)
B3(h48)
B3(h120)
B3(h240)
120
300
600
581
581
581
48
120
240
10
950
C2(h36)
C2(h90)
C2(h180)
120
300
600
600
600
600
36
90
180
100
950
B4(h48)
B4(h120)
B4(h240)
120
300
600
671
671
671
48
120
240
100
950
C3(h36)
C3(h90)
C3(h180)
120
300
600
671
671
671
36
90
180
100
950
D1(h24)
D1(h60)
D1(h120)
120
300
600
704
704
704
24
60
120
100
950
D2(h24)
D2(h60)
D2(h120)
120
300
600
735
735
735
24
60
120
100
950
C4(h36)
C4(h90)
C4(h180)
120
300
600
775
775
775
36
90
180
100
950
D3(h24)
D3(h60)
D3(h120)
120
300
600
822
822
822
24
60
120
100
950
D4(h24)
D4(h60)
D4(h120)
120
300
600
949
949
949
24
60
120
10
950
E1(h12)
E1(h30)
E1(h60)
120
300
600
995
995
995
12
30
60
100
475
48
Test
configuration
id
Tank height,
H
(mm)
Bund radius,
r
(mm)
Bund height,
h
(mm)
Dynamic Bund probe
sensor
length
gain
(mm)
E2(h12)
E2(h30)
E2(h60)
120
300
600
1039
1039
1039
12
30
60
100
475
E3(h12)
E3(h30)
E3(h60)
120
300
600
1162
1162
1162
12
30
60
100
475
E4(h12)
E4(h30)
E4(h60)
120
300
600
1342
1342
1342
12
30
60
100
475
F1(h6)
F1(h15)
F1(h30)
120
300
600
1407
1407
1407
6
15
30
200
475
F2(h6)
F2(h15)
F2(h30)
120
300
600
1470
1470
1470
6
15
30
200
475
F3(h6)
F3(h15)
F3(h30)
120
300
600
1643
1643
1643
6
15
30
200
475
F4(h6)
F4(h15)
F4(h30)
120
300
600
1897
1897
1897
6
15
30
200
475
RECTANGULAR BUND CONFIGURATIONS
Test
configuration
id
Tank height,
H
(mm)
Bund height,
h
(mm)
Multiple of length,
y
(mm)
Dynamic Bund probe
sensor
length
gain
(mm)
Wall 1 (tri)
Wall 2 (squ)
Wall 3 (rect)
600
600
600
120
120
120
882
624
441
10
950
Wall 4 (tri)
Wall 5 (squ)
Wall 6 (rect)
300
300
300
60
60
60
882
624
441
100
950
Wall 7 (tri)
Wall 8 (squ)
Wall 9 (rect)
120
120
120
12
12
12
1247
882
624
200
475
49
Table 1.3 Dynamic pressure sensor positions
Bund height
(mm)
Sensor positions
(% from base)
Sensor position
(mm from base)
6
75
4.5
12
40
50
60
70
80
4.8
6
7.2
8.4
9.6
15
30
50
70
80
90
4.5
7.5
10.5
12
13.5
24
20
30
50
70
90
4.8
7.2
12
16.8
21.6
30
20
30
50
70
90
6
9
15
21
27
36
20
30
50
70
90
7.2
10.8
18
25.2
32.4
48
10
30
50
70
90
4.8
14.4
24
33.6
43.2
60
10
30
50
70
90
6
18
30
42
54
90
10
30
50
70
90
9
27
45
63
81
50
Bund height
(mm)
Sensor positions
(% from base)
Sensor position
(mm from base)
120
10
30
50
70
90
12
36
60
84
108
144
10
30
50
70
90
14.4
43.2
72
100.8
129.6
180
10
30
50
70
90
18
54
90
126
162
240
10
30
50
70
90
24
72
120
168
216
300
10
30
50
70
90
30
90
150
210
270
360
10
30
50
70
90
36
108
180
252
324
600
10
30
50
70
90
60
180
300
420
540
720
10
30
50
70
90
72
216
360
504
648
51
APPENDIX 2
52
Table 2.1 Repeatability checks for overtopping
Date
13/01/2004
Test configuration id B1(h120)
Series id
Temp
(°C)
Pipe & valve adjustment (kg)
0.40
Mass retained
(kg)
Mass overtopping
(kg)
Overtopping
(Ratio)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
14.4
14.0
13.9
13.7
13.9
14.0
13.9
13.7
13.4
13.4
18.2
17.5
17.4
17.1
16.9
16.7
16.8
16.9
16.9
16.8
17.8
17.7
17.5
17.4
17.4
16.9
18.2
17.9
17.6
17.5
15.58
15.62
15.63
15.41
15.66
15.58
15.61
15.79
15.69
15.63
15.56
15.49
15.65
15.53
15.67
15.83
15.56
15.5
15.45
15.68
15.69
15.67
15.47
15.44
15.52
15.46
15.59
15.55
15.64
15.47
5.83
5.94
5.73
5.79
5.59
5.75
5.74
5.60
5.69
5.61
5.62
5.91
5.67
5.86
5.85
5.71
5.92
5.8
5.93
5.69
5.56
5.68
5.78
5.84
5.8
5.85
5.58
5.73
5.68
5.82
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.28
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.27
0.27
0.27
0.28
Mean
Sample S.D.
16.18
1.73948
15.59
0.10242
5.75
0.11102
0.27
0.00475
0.28
Max overtopping
53
TABLE 2.2 First wave overtopping
13/01/2004
Pipe & valve adjustment (kg)
0.40
Temp
(°C)
Mass retained
(kg)
Mass overtopping
(kg)
Overtopping
(Ratio)
Percentage of total
(%)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
14.6
14.7
14.7
14.5
14.4
14.2
13.8
13.9
13.7
13.7
15.91
16.31
15.85
15.81
15.64
15.75
15.84
15.84
15.73
15.88
5.29
4.89
5.41
5.42
5.61
5.42
5.36
5.35
5.62
5.33
0.25
0.24
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.27
0.26
92.6
85.6
94.4
94.7
98.0
95.0
93.8
93.7
97.7
93.2
Mean
sample S.D.
14.22
0.41312
15.86
0.17828
5.37
0.20155
0.26
0.00934
93.9
3.39985
Date
Test configuration id B1(h120)
Series id
0.27
Max overtopping
54
APPENDIX 3
55
Table 3.1 Series results for configuration identity A1 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A1(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
8.57
8.59
8.60
8.62
8.58
0.02
0.06
0.08
0.09
0.07
19.3
19.5
19.4
19.3
19.2
0.4
8.62
8.57
8.59
0.01924
0.09
0.02
0.06
0.02702
19.5
19.2
19.3
0.1140
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(% )
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1046
792
460
374
109
814
819
574
288
0
843
628
460
345
109
998
792
632
317
137
785
847
603
288
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03268
0.03276
0.03280
0.03288
0.03272
0.00008
0.00024
0.00032
0.00036
0.00028
0.0024
0.0073
0.0097
0.0108
0.0085
0.03288
0.03268
0.03277
0.00007694
0.00036
0.00008
0.00026
0.00010807
0.0108
0.0024
0.0077
0.0032437
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1046
Table 3.2 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A1 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A1(h120)
A
300
120
315
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1174
94
924
177
1732
Height from
base
(% )
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
1174
1046
792
460
374
109
-4
-13
-32
-129
21
-8
1.00
0.99
0.96
0.78
1.06
0.93
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
56
Chart 3.1 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A1 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1100
200
Bund
180
10%
900
160
30%
140
Tank
700
100
500
50%
80
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
120
60
300
70%
40
90%
20
100
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-100
-20
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.2 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A1 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
3
2
y = -0.0003x + 0.0714x - 16.038x + 1186.4
2
R = 0.9893
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
57
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.3 Series results for configuration identity A1 (h144)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A1(h144)
A
B
C
D
E
8.65
8.62
8.63
8.64
8.65
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
18.4
19.4
20.3
19.8
19.5
0.4
8.65
8.62
8.64
0.01304
0.03
0.01
0.02
0.00894
20.3
18.4
19.5
0.6979
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
872
655
373
173
82
1017
737
402
144
164
930
710
373
115
55
901
683
345
115
164
814
710
402
202
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03300
0.03288
0.03292
0.03296
0.03300
0.00008
0.00004
0.00012
0.00012
0.00012
0.0024
0.0012
0.0036
0.0036
0.0036
0.03300
0.03288
0.03295
0.00005215
0.00012
0.00004
0.00010
0.00003578
0.0036
0.0012
0.0029
0.0010792
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1017
Table 3.4 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A1 (h144)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A1(h144)
E
300
120
315
144
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1157
82
804
96
946
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1413
1271
989
706
424
141
0
1157
1017
737
402
144
164
-255
-254
-252
-304
-280
23
0.82
0.80
0.75
0.57
0.34
1.16
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
58
Chart 3.3 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A1 (h144)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
180
1100
10%
160
900
140
Tank
30%
120
100
80
500
Bund
50%
60
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
700
300
40
70%
90%
20
100
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-100
-20
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.4 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A1 (h144)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
3
2
y = 0.0027x - 0.2764x - 8.0372x + 1145.1
2
R = 0.9989
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
59
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.5 Series results for configuration identity A1 (h300)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A1(h300)
A
B
C
D
E
20.73
20.81
20.90
20.97
21.05
0.22
0.21
0.19
0.24
0.23
20.1
20.1
19.4
18.3
17.8
0.4
21.05
20.73
20.89
0.12657
0.24
0.19
0.22
0.01924
20.1
17.8
19.1
1.0502
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2267
1775
1120
432
137
2384
1502
1264
518
191
2354
1639
1177
720
109
2296
1666
1177
605
191
2384
1639
1264
605
191
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08132
0.08164
0.08200
0.08228
0.08260
0.00088
0.00084
0.00076
0.00096
0.00092
0.0107
0.0102
0.0092
0.0115
0.0110
0.08260
0.08132
0.08197
0.00050628
0.00096
0.00076
0.00087
0.00007694
0.0115
0.0092
0.0105
0.0008952
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2384
Table 3.6 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A1 (h300)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A1(h300)
D
300
300
315
300
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2756
224
2194
227
2223
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2943
2649
2060
1472
883
294
0
2756
2384
1639
1264
605
191
-187
-265
-422
-208
-278
-103
0.94
0.90
0.80
0.86
0.68
0.65
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
60
Chart 3.5 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A1 (h300)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
350
2500
10%
Tank
300
2000
30%
250
Pressure (Pa)
50%
200
150
1000
Bund
100
70%
500
90%
Fluid depth (mm)
1500
50
0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1.4
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.6 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A1 (h300)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
3
2
y = -0.0013x + 0.2563x - 41.55x + 2756.7
2
R = 0.9959
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
61
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.7 Series results for configuration identity A1 (h360)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A1(h360)
A
B
C
D
E
20.76
20.99
20.85
21.00
21.07
0.12
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.15
20.8
20.3
18.6
17.9
17.7
0.4
21.07
20.76
20.93
0.12582
0.16
0.12
0.15
0.01732
20.8
17.7
19.1
1.4117
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2180
1584
862
288
82
2267
1475
833
345
109
2122
1584
862
403
0
2267
1611
775
58
27
2296
1557
862
144
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08144
0.08236
0.08180
0.08240
0.08268
0.00048
0.00064
0.00064
0.00064
0.00060
0.0059
0.0077
0.0078
0.0077
0.0072
0.08268
0.08144
0.08214
0.00050327
0.00064
0.00048
0.00060
0.00006928
0.0078
0.0059
0.0072
0.0008094
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2296
Table 3.8 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A1 (h360)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A1(h360)
D
300
300
315
360
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2666
253
2480
255
2505
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
3532
3178
2472
1766
1059
353
0
2666
2296
1557
862
144
109
-865
-882
-916
-904
-916
-244
0.75
0.72
0.63
0.49
0.14
0.31
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
62
Chart 3.7 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A1 (h360)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
350
2500
10%
Tank
300
2000
250
30%
Pressure (Pa)
200
Bund
150
1000
50%
100
Fluid depth (mm)
1500
500
70%
50
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.4 0
1.3
90%
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.8 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A1 (h360)
Plot of pressure against % height
4000
3500
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
3
2
y = 0.0049x - 0.4718x - 25.843x + 2638.6
2
R = 0.9977
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
63
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.9 Series results for configuration identity A1 (h600)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A1(h600)
A
B
C
D
E
41.41
41.61
41.54
41.62
41.68
0.14
0.20
0.27
0.25
0.22
18.5
17.1
16.9
16.5
16.3
0.4
41.68
41.41
41.57
0.10330
0.27
0.14
0.22
0.05030
18.5
16.3
17.1
0.8649
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
4738
3496
2814
1180
246
4622
3632
2211
1152
-191
4767
3523
2384
1152
191
4709
3550
2585
1180
137
4680
3577
2355
1094
-219
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.16404
0.16484
0.16456
0.16488
0.16512
0.00056
0.00080
0.00108
0.00100
0.00088
0.0034
0.0048
0.0065
0.0060
0.0053
0.16512
0.16404
0.16469
0.00041318
0.00108
0.00056
0.00086
0.00020120
0.0065
0.0034
0.0052
0.0012049
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4767
Table 3.10 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A1 (h600)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A1(h600)
B
300
600
315
600
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5389
523
5127
718
7042
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
5886
5297
4120
2943
1766
589
0
5389
4767
3523
2384
1152
191
-497
-530
-597
-559
-614
-397
0.92
0.90
0.86
0.81
0.65
0.32
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
64
Chart 3.9 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A1 (h600)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
800
10%
4500
700
Tank
600
30%
3500
50%
400
2500
300
Bund
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
500
1500
200
70%
100
500
90%
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
0
1.2
1.3
1.4
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.10 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A1 (h600)
Plot of pressure against % height
7000
6000
5000
Pressure (Pa)
4000
3000
2000
3
2
y = 0.0012x - 0.0848x - 59.669x + 5380.2
2
R = 0.9998
1000
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
65
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.11 Series results for configuration identity A1 (h720)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A1(h720)
A
B
C
D
E
41.40
41.57
41.47
41.49
41.60
0.16
0.19
0.20
0.27
0.25
19.0
17.3
16.2
16.8
16.6
0.4
41.60
41.40
41.51
0.08019
0.27
0.16
0.21
0.04506
19.0
16.2
17.2
1.0918
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
4565
3250
1694
288
0
4476
3277
1694
230
164
4593
3250
1781
288
137
4535
3332
1694
374
164
4535
3113
1867
259
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.16400
0.16468
0.16428
0.16436
0.16480
0.00064
0.00076
0.00080
0.00108
0.00100
0.0039
0.0046
0.0048
0.0065
0.0060
0.16480
0.16400
0.16442
0.00032075
0.00108
0.00064
0.00086
0.00018022
0.0065
0.0039
0.0052
0.0010803
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4593
Table 3.12 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A1 (h720)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A1(h720)
B
300
600
315
720
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5264
495
4859
867
8506
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
7063
6357
4944
3532
2119
706
0
5264
4593
3250
1781
288
137
-1799
-1764
-1694
-1751
-1831
-570
0.75
0.72
0.66
0.50
0.14
0.19
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
66
Chart 3.11 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A1 (h720)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
10%
900
4500
800
700
3500
Tank
30%
Bund
2500
500
50%
400
1500
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
300
200
500
100
70%
90%
0
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.12 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A1 (h720)
Plot of pressure against % height
8000
7000
6000
Pressure (Pa)
5000
4000
3000
2000
3
2
y = 0.0112x - 1.2049x - 38.748x + 5197.8
2
R = 0.9978
1000
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
67
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.13 Series results for configuration identity A2 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A2(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
8.62
8.62
8.54
8.55
8.61
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.13
0.14
19.3
18.9
18.9
18.9
18.7
0.4
8.62
8.54
8.59
0.03962
0.14
0.12
0.13
0.00707
19.3
18.7
18.9
0.2191
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
872
655
546
345
137
988
655
546
345
137
988
628
517
317
109
785
655
488
259
109
785
601
488
230
137
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03288
0.03288
0.03256
0.03260
0.03284
0.00048
0.00052
0.00052
0.00052
0.00056
0.0144
0.0156
0.0157
0.0157
0.0168
0.03288
0.03256
0.03275
0.00015849
0.00056
0.00048
0.00052
0.00002828
0.0168
0.0144
0.0156
0.0008440
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
988
Table 3.14 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A2 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A2(h120)
B
300
120
330
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1168
109
1065
240
2355
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
1168
988
628
517
317
109
-9
-71
-196
-72
-36
-8
0.99
0.93
0.76
0.88
0.90
0.93
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.472
0.492
0.020
3.00
68
Chart 3.13 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A2 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
300
1100
10%
250
900
200
Pressure (Pa)
700
150
30%
Tank
500
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Bund
50%
300
50
70%
90%
100
0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
-100
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.14 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A2 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
1000
Pressure (Pa)
800
600
400
3
2
y = -0.0019x + 0.3201x - 25.054x + 1180.3
2
R = 0.9957
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
69
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.15 Series results for configuration identity A2 (h144)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A2(h144)
A
B
C
D
E
8.62
8.63
8.66
8.66
8.66
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
19.9
18.8
18.9
19.0
18.8
0.4
8.66
8.62
8.65
0.01949
0.03
0.01
0.03
0.00894
19.9
18.8
19.1
0.4658
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
843
683
431
144
82
814
683
488
173
82
872
655
402
173
55
930
655
431
115
55
872
683
431
144
55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03288
0.03292
0.03304
0.03304
0.03304
0.00004
0.00012
0.00012
0.00012
0.00012
0.0012
0.0036
0.0036
0.0036
0.0036
0.03304
0.03288
0.03298
0.00007797
0.00012
0.00004
0.00010
0.00003578
0.0036
0.0012
0.0031
0.0010765
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
930
Table 3.16 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A2 (h144)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A2(h144)
C
300
120
330
144
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1068
108
1063
255
2501
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1413
1271
989
706
424
141
0
1068
930
655
431
115
55
-345
-341
-333
-276
-309
-87
0.76
0.73
0.66
0.61
0.27
0.39
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.590
0.614
0.024
2.50
70
Chart 3.15 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A2 (h144)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
300
1000
10%
250
800
Bund
200
30%
Tank
150
50%
400
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
200
50
70%
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
0
90%
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.16 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A2 (h144)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
3
2
y = 0.0014x - 0.144x - 9.7835x + 1056
2
R = 0.9951
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
71
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.17 Series results for configuration identity A2 (h300)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A2(h300)
A
B
C
D
E
20.80
20.85
20.77
20.81
20.74
0.44
0.39
0.49
0.51
0.58
23.0
21.0
19.1
19.0
18.0
0.4
20.85
20.74
20.79
0.04159
0.58
0.39
0.48
0.07190
23.0
18.0
20.0
1.9880
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2325
1693
1091
317
-82
2325
1748
1120
288
-109
2354
1666
1091
317
-82
2296
1666
862
345
-27
2354
1693
1149
288
-82
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08160
0.08180
0.08148
0.08164
0.08136
0.00176
0.00156
0.00196
0.00204
0.00232
0.0211
0.0187
0.0235
0.0244
0.0277
0.08180
0.08136
0.08158
0.00016637
0.00232
0.00156
0.00193
0.00028761
0.0277
0.0187
0.0231
0.0034043
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2354
Table 3.18 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A2 (h300)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A2(h300)
B
300
300
330
300
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2699
263
2579
570
5590
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2943
2649
2060
1472
883
294
0
2699
2354
1666
1091
317
-82
-244
-294
-394
-380
-566
-376
0.92
0.89
0.81
0.74
0.36
-0.28
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.409
0.430
0.021
2.86
72
Chart 3.17 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A2 (h300)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3000
600
Bund
2500
500
10%
2000
400
Tank
1500
300
1000
200
50%
500
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
30%
100
70%
0
0.35
90%
0.55
0
0.75
0.95
1.15
1.35
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.18 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A2 (h300)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
3
2
y = 0.0017x - 0.1687x - 29.196x + 2681.6
2
R = 0.9978
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
73
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.19 Series results for configuration identity A2 (h360)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A2(h360)
A
B
C
D
E
21.09
21.04
21.16
21.23
21.20
0.24
0.29
0.21
0.22
0.16
20.9
20.2
18.2
16.5
16.2
0.4
21.23
21.04
21.14
0.07829
0.29
0.16
0.22
0.04722
20.9
16.2
18.4
2.1201
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2180
1475
833
-58
55
2151
1311
718
-144
109
2180
1584
862
-58
82
2122
1420
689
-86
82
2180
1311
775
-58
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
fraction
Overtopping
0.08276
0.08256
0.08304
0.08332
0.08320
0.00096
0.00116
0.00084
0.00088
0.00064
0.0115
0.0139
0.0100
0.0105
0.0076
0.08332
0.08256
0.08298
0.00031318
0.00116
0.00064
0.00090
0.00018889
0.0139
0.0076
0.0107
0.0022628
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2180
Table 3.20 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A2 (h360)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A2(h360)
A
300
300
330
360
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2533
263
2583
549
5385
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
3532
3178
2472
1766
1059
353
0
2533
2180
1475
833
-58
55
-999
-998
-997
-933
-1117
-299
0.72
0.69
0.60
0.47
-0.05
0.15
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.270
0.296
0.026
2.31
74
Chart 3.19 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A2 (h360)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3000
600
Bund
2500
500
10%
400
Pressure (Pa)
Tank
1500
300
30%
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
2000
50%
500
100
70%
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
90%
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.20 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A2 (h360)
Plot of pressure against % height
4000
3500
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
3
2
y = 0.0067x - 0.7259x - 16.648x + 2483.6
2
R = 0.9913
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
75
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.21 Series results for configuration identity A2 (h600)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A2(h600)
A
B
C
D
E
41.82
41.44
41.38
41.38
41.71
0.56
0.42
0.42
0.50
0.48
13.3
13.0
13.7
14.2
13.5
0.4
41.82
41.38
41.55
0.20513
0.56
0.42
0.48
0.05899
14.2
13.0
13.5
0.4506
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2238
3687
2269
633
-55
4476
3796
2096
806
-437
4796
3714
2183
489
-219
4796
3741
2240
691
-109
4157
3714
1982
576
-382
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.16568
0.16416
0.16392
0.16392
0.16524
0.00224
0.00168
0.00168
0.00200
0.00192
0.0133
0.0101
0.0101
0.0121
0.0115
0.16568
0.16392
0.16458
0.00082054
0.00224
0.00168
0.00190
0.00023597
0.0133
0.0101
0.0114
0.0013583
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4796
Table 3.22 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A2 (h600)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A2(h600)
B
300
600
330
600
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5337
530
5203
1118
10963
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
5886
5297
4120
2943
1766
589
0
5337
4796
3714
2183
489
-219
-549
-501
-406
-760
-1276
-807
0.91
0.91
0.90
0.74
0.28
-0.37
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.526
0.545
0.019
3.16
76
Chart 3.21 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A2 (h600)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1200
Bund
10%
4500
1000
30%
3500
Pressure (Pa)
Tank
600
2500
400
50%
Fluid depth (mm)
800
1500
200
70%
500
0
90%
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
-500
-200
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.22 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A2 (h600)
Plot of pressure against % height
7000
6000
5000
Pressure (Pa)
4000
3000
2000
3
2
y = 0.0102x - 1.3738x - 20.579x + 5261.3
2
R = 0.9981
1000
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
77
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.23 Series results for configuration identity A2 (h720)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A2(h720)
A
B
C
D
E
40.95
41.18
41.54
41.18
41.16
0.74
0.71
0.59
0.78
0.75
16.4
14.2
13.4
13.2
13.2
0.4
41.54
40.95
41.20
0.21241
0.78
0.59
0.71
0.07369
16.4
13.2
14.1
1.3609
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
4825
3414
1696
-58
0
4854
3195
1637
-144
-355
4942
3359
1637
-144
-137
4912
3277
1608
-115
-191
4854
3222
1637
-173
-109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.16220
0.16312
0.16456
0.16312
0.16304
0.00296
0.00284
0.00236
0.00312
0.00300
0.0179
0.0171
0.0141
0.0188
0.0181
0.16456
0.16220
0.16321
0.00084966
0.00312
0.00236
0.00286
0.00029475
0.0188
0.0141
0.0172
0.0018106
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4942
Table 3.24 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A2 (h720)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A2(h720)
B
300
600
330
720
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5733
526
5163
1089
10683
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
7063
6357
4944
3532
2119
706
0
5733
4942
3359
1637
-144
-137
-1330
-1415
-1585
-1895
-2263
-843
0.81
0.78
0.68
0.46
-0.07
-0.19
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.560
0.578
0.018
3.33
78
Chart 3.23 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A2 (h720)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
5000
1200
Bund
10%
1000
4000
30%
800
Tank
600
2000
400
50%
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
3000
1000
200
70%
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
90%
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-1000
0
-200
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.24 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A2 (h720)
Plot of pressure against % height
8000
7000
6000
Pressure (Pa)
5000
4000
3000
2000
3
2
y = 0.0146x - 1.5725x - 41.888x + 5644.9
2
R = 0.997
1000
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
79
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.25 Series results for configuration identity A3 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A3(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
8.50
8.47
8.38
8.39
8.58
0.24
0.23
0.22
0.23
0.22
22.3
21.6
21.0
20.3
18.7
0.4
8.58
8.38
8.46
0.08264
0.24
0.22
0.23
0.00837
22.3
18.7
20.8
1.3773
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
901
737
488
374
109
610
710
574
345
82
901
683
603
374
164
843
655
546
374
109
581
628
574
374
164
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03240
0.03228
0.03192
0.03196
0.03272
0.00096
0.00092
0.00088
0.00092
0.00088
0.0288
0.0277
0.0268
0.0280
0.0262
0.03272
0.03192
0.03226
0.00033058
0.00096
0.00088
0.00091
0.00003347
0.0288
0.0262
0.0275
0.0010088
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
901
Table 3.26 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A3 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A3(h120)
A
300
120
360
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
983
102
1000
224
2198
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
983
901
737
488
374
109
-194
-158
-87
-100
21
-8
0.84
0.85
0.89
0.83
1.06
0.93
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.485
0.550
0.065
1.85
80
Chart 3.25 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A3 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
250
Bund
800
200
10%
30%
150
Tank
50%
400
100
200
50
70%
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
0
1
1.2
1.4
90%
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.26 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A3 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
1000
Pressure (Pa)
800
600
3
2
y = -0.0003x + 0.0237x - 9.6097x + 989.66
2
R = 0.9929
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
81
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.27 Series results for configuration identity A3 (h144)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A3(h144)
A
B
C
D
E
8.62
8.61
8.61
8.78
8.54
0.08
0.10
0.06
0.15
0.09
16.6
16.1
15.8
15.6
15.6
0.4
8.78
8.54
8.63
0.08871
0.15
0.06
0.10
0.03362
16.6
15.6
15.9
0.4219
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
843
683
460
259
27
872
628
402
259
27
814
628
460
259
27
843
655
517
288
55
901
683
460
288
0
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03288
0.03284
0.03284
0.03352
0.03256
0.00032
0.00040
0.00024
0.00060
0.00036
0.0096
0.0120
0.0073
0.0176
0.0109
0.03352
0.03256
0.03293
0.00035485
0.00060
0.00024
0.00038
0.00013446
0.0176
0.0073
0.0115
0.0038443
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
901
Table 3.28 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A3 (h144)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A3(h144)
D
300
120
360
144
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1010
98
959
185
1812
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1413
1271
989
706
424
141
0
1010
901
683
460
288
0
-402
-370
-306
-247
-136
-141
0.72
0.71
0.69
0.65
0.68
0.00
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.518
0.595
0.077
1.56
82
Chart 3.27 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A3 (h144)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
200
Bund
800
150
10%
Tank
30%
100
400
50%
50
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
200
70%
0
90%
0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.28 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A3 (h144)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
3
2
y = -0.0007x + 0.0908x - 13.391x + 1017
2
R = 0.9986
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
-400
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
83
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.29 Series results for configuration identity A3 (h300)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A3(h300)
A
B
C
D
E
20.24
20.30
20.36
20.52
20.67
0.97
1.05
1.00
0.78
0.69
18.2
16.8
14.3
13.6
12.9
0.4
20.67
20.24
20.42
0.17527
1.05
0.69
0.90
0.15482
18.2
12.9
15.2
2.2479
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2238
1502
603
-29
0
2296
1529
460
-144
-82
2296
1475
632
-115
-27
2296
1502
546
-29
0
2267
1502
546
-86
0
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.07936
0.07960
0.07984
0.08048
0.08108
0.00388
0.00420
0.00400
0.00312
0.00276
0.0466
0.0501
0.0477
0.0373
0.0329
0.08108
0.07936
0.08007
0.00070108
0.00420
0.00276
0.00359
0.00061929
0.0501
0.0329
0.0429
0.0074122
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2296
Table 3.30 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A3 (h300)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A3(h300)
B
300
300
360
300
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2707
232
2273
535
5253
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2943
2649
2060
1472
883
294
0
2707
2296
1475
632
-115
-27
-236
-352
-585
-840
-998
-322
0.92
0.87
0.72
0.43
-0.13
-0.09
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.210
0.272
0.062
1.94
84
Chart 3.29 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A3 (h300)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2500
600
10%
Bund
500
2000
400
30%
Tank
300
1000
200
50%
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1500
500
100
70%
0
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
90%
0
0.7
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.30 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A3 (h300)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
3
2
y = 0.0068x - 0.6589x - 26.337x + 2673.7
2
R = 0.9982
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
85
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.31 Series results for configuration identity A3 (h360)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A3(h360)
A
B
C
D
E
20.38
20.62
20.77
20.50
20.50
0.80
0.71
0.66
0.81
0.79
19.1
16.4
15.2
14.7
13.9
0.4
20.77
20.38
20.55
0.14758
0.81
0.66
0.75
0.06580
19.1
13.9
15.9
2.0256
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2209
1284
431
115
27
2093
1256
345
58
0
2209
1229
431
29
55
2296
1284
488
29
27
2325
1284
373
86
137
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.07992
0.08088
0.08148
0.08040
0.08040
0.00320
0.00284
0.00264
0.00324
0.00316
0.0385
0.0339
0.0314
0.0387
0.0378
0.08148
0.07992
0.08062
0.00059032
0.00324
0.00264
0.00302
0.00026321
0.0387
0.0314
0.0361
0.0032649
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2325
Table 3.32 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A3 (h360)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A3(h360)
D
300
300
360
360
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2846
209
2048
422
4141
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
3532
3178
2472
1766
1059
353
0
2846
2325
1284
373
86
137
-685
-853
-1189
-1392
-973
-217
0.81
0.73
0.52
0.21
0.08
0.39
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
86
Chart 3.31 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A3 (h360)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2500
500
10%
Bund
2000
400
Tank
300
30%
1000
200
500
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1500
100
50%
90%
0
0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
70%
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.32 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A3 (h360)
Plot of pressure against % height
4000
3500
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
3
2
y = 0.0032x + 0.001x - 56.502x + 2864.2
2
R = 0.9985
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
87
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.33 Series results for configuration identity A3 (h600)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A3(h600)
A
B
C
D
E
40.66
41.11
41.19
41.18
41.03
0.82
0.66
0.67
0.76
0.88
19.1
14.2
13.8
13.7
13.6
0.4
41.19
40.66
41.03
0.21870
0.88
0.66
0.76
0.09497
19.1
13.6
14.9
2.3700
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
5000
3659
1551
-202
-109
4912
3632
1465
-173
-82
4971
3577
1522
-202
-164
4883
3577
1551
-173
-164
4854
3605
1493
-173
-109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.16104
0.16284
0.16316
0.16312
0.16252
0.00328
0.00264
0.00268
0.00304
0.00352
0.0200
0.0160
0.0162
0.0183
0.0212
0.16316
0.16104
0.16254
0.00087480
0.00352
0.00264
0.00303
0.00037989
0.0212
0.0160
0.0183
0.0023049
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
5000
Table 3.34 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A3 (h600)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A3(h600)
A
300
600
360
600
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5670
473
4642
1558
15281
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
5886
5297
4120
2943
1766
589
0
5670
5000
3659
1551
-202
-109
-216
-298
-461
-1392
-1967
-698
0.96
0.94
0.89
0.53
-0.11
-0.19
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
88
Chart 3.33 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A3 (h600)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1800
5500
10%
1600
4500
1400
Bund
30%
1200
1000
2500
800
Tank
1500
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
3500
600
50%
400
500
90%
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
-500
200
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
0
70%
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.34 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A3 (h600)
Plot of pressure against % height
7000
6000
5000
Pressure (Pa)
4000
3000
2000
3
2
y = 0.0203x - 2.3832x - 13.238x + 5557.8
2
R = 0.9974
1000
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
89
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.35 Series results for configuration identity A3 (h720)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A3(h720)
A
B
C
D
E
40.83
40.84
41.44
41.64
41.52
0.96
1.08
0.82
0.72
1.06
17.5
14.5
14.1
13.9
13.8
0.4
41.64
40.83
41.25
0.38908
1.08
0.72
0.93
0.15531
17.5
13.8
14.8
1.5550
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
4825
3031
402
-230
0
4796
3195
287
-317
27
4854
3113
373
-173
27
4767
3086
402
-259
55
4796
3195
373
-288
55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.16172
0.16176
0.16416
0.16496
0.16448
0.00384
0.00432
0.00328
0.00288
0.00424
0.0232
0.0260
0.0196
0.0172
0.0251
0.16496
0.16172
0.16342
0.00155630
0.00432
0.00288
0.00371
0.00062122
0.0260
0.0172
0.0222
0.0037526
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4854
Table 3.36 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A3 (h720)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A3(h720)
B
300
600
360
720
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5725
496
4862
1526
14975
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
7063
6357
4944
3532
2119
706
0
5725
4854
3113
373
-173
27
-1338
-1503
-1831
-3158
-2292
-679
0.81
0.76
0.63
0.11
-0.08
0.04
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
Na
Na
Na
Na
90
Chart 3.35 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A3 (h720)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
5500
1800
10%
1600
4500
1400
Bund
3500
Pressure (Pa)
1000
2500
800
Tank
1500
Fluid depth (mm)
1200
30%
600
400
50%
500
200
90%
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
-500
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0
70%
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% f rom base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.36 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A3 (h720)
Plot of pressure against % height
8000
7000
6000
Pressure (Pa)
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
3
2
y = 0.0178x - 1.5774x - 64.584x + 5718.5
2
R = 0.9909
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
91
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.37 Series results for configuration identity A4 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A4(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
8.48
8.55
8.64
8.53
8.58
0.15
0.14
0.12
0.19
0.16
21.7
21.0
20.9
20.5
19.7
0.4
8.64
8.48
8.56
0.05941
0.19
0.12
0.15
0.02588
21.7
19.7
20.8
0.7335
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
727
655
373
288
82
814
601
546
288
164
698
628
546
345
82
756
601
574
317
246
698
655
488
259
137
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03232
0.03260
0.03296
0.03252
0.03272
0.00060
0.00056
0.00048
0.00076
0.00064
0.0182
0.0169
0.0144
0.0228
0.0192
0.03296
0.03232
0.03262
0.00023766
0.00076
0.00048
0.00061
0.00010354
0.0228
0.0144
0.0183
0.0031198
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
814
Table 3.38 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A4 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A4(h120)
E
300
120
390
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
920
107
1045
289
2837
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
920
814
601
546
288
164
-257
-246
-223
-43
-65
46
0.78
0.77
0.73
0.93
0.82
1.39
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.603
0.692
0.089
2.02
92
Chart 3.37 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A4 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
350
300
800
Bund
10%
250
30%
200
400
70%
150
50%
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
Tank
200
100
90%
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-200
50
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.38 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A4 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
3
2
y = -0.0005x + 0.0755x - 11.139x + 916.26
2
R = 0.9835
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
93
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.39 Series results for configuration identity A4 (h144)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A4(h144)
A
B
C
D
E
8.62
8.61
8.62
8.62
8.64
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.05
19.4
19.2
19.3
19.2
19.1
0.4
8.64
8.61
8.62
0.01095
0.07
0.04
0.06
0.01140
19.4
19.1
19.2
0.1140
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
727
628
402
230
109
669
683
402
144
27
669
601
402
202
55
698
628
373
173
27
639
601
373
202
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03288
0.03284
0.03288
0.03288
0.03296
0.00016
0.00028
0.00024
0.00024
0.00020
0.0048
0.0085
0.0072
0.0072
0.0060
0.03296
0.03284
0.03289
0.00004382
0.00028
0.00016
0.00022
0.00004561
0.0085
0.0048
0.0068
0.0013739
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
727
Table 3.40 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A4 (h144)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A4(h144)
A
300
120
390
144
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
776
99
967
167
1636
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1413
1271
989
706
424
141
0
776
727
628
402
230
109
-637
-545
-361
-304
-193
-32
0.55
0.57
0.64
0.57
0.54
0.77
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.318
0.395
0.077
2.34
94
Chart 3.39 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A4 (h144)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
250
800
700
200
10%
600
Pressure (Pa)
Bund
Tank
400
50%
100
300
30%
70%
200
Fluid depth (mm)
150
500
50
90%
100
0
0
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
-100
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.40 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A4 (h144)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
3
2
y = 0.0014x - 0.1989x - 0.5653x + 768.24
2
R = 0.9976
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
95
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.41 Series results for configuration identity A4 (h300)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A4(h300)
A
B
C
D
E
20.37
20.38
20.32
20.37
20.40
0.83
0.91
0.92
0.90
0.83
20.5
20.2
19.1
18.0
16.8
0.4
20.40
20.32
20.37
0.02950
0.92
0.83
0.88
0.04438
20.5
16.8
18.9
1.5418
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2122
1202
488
144
137
1948
1120
546
-115
109
2151
1311
546
202
191
2122
1174
287
115
82
2151
1256
144
-144
55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.07988
0.07992
0.07968
0.07988
0.08000
0.00332
0.00364
0.00368
0.00360
0.00332
0.0399
0.0436
0.0441
0.0431
0.0398
0.08000
0.07968
0.07987
0.00011798
0.00368
0.00332
0.00351
0.00017754
0.0441
0.0398
0.0421
0.0020779
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2151
Table 3.42 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A4 (h300)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A4(h300)
B
300
300
390
300
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2571
214
2099
385
3778
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2943
2649
2060
1472
883
294
0
2571
2151
1311
546
202
191
-372
-498
-749
-926
-681
-103
0.87
0.81
0.64
0.37
0.23
0.65
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.577
0.639
0.062
2.90
96
Chart 3.41 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A4 (h300)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2500
450
400
Bund
10%
2000
350
Tank
300
Pressure (Pa)
30%
250
1000
200
150
Fluid depth (mm)
1500
50%
500
100
70%
50
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
0
90%
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.42 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A4 (h300)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
3
2
y = 0.0031x - 0.0995x - 42.636x + 2577.8
2
R = 0.9994
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
97
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.43 Series results for configuration identity A4 (h360)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A4(h360)
A
B
C
D
E
20.69
20.82
20.73
20.72
20.67
0.54
0.59
0.55
0.58
0.63
15.8
15.5
17.7
16.6
16.1
0.4
20.82
20.67
20.73
0.05771
0.63
0.54
0.58
0.03564
17.7
15.5
16.3
0.8620
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2064
519
345
115
109
2064
655
316
86
109
2035
573
201
144
27
2093
819
115
29
0
2064
819
201
115
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08116
0.08168
0.08132
0.08128
0.08108
0.00216
0.00236
0.00220
0.00232
0.00252
0.0259
0.0281
0.0263
0.0278
0.0301
0.08168
0.08108
0.08130
0.00023082
0.00252
0.00216
0.00231
0.00014255
0.0301
0.0259
0.0276
0.0016663
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2093
Table 3.44 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A4 (h360)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A4(h360)
C
300
300
390
360
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2730
219
2146
384
3762
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
3532
3178
2472
1766
1059
353
0
2730
2093
819
115
29
0
-802
-1086
-1653
-1651
-1031
-353
0.77
0.66
0.33
0.07
0.03
0.00
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.317
0.394
0.077
2.34
98
Chart 3.43 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A4 (h360)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2500
450
400
Bund
10%
2000
350
Tank
300
250
1000
200
90%
150
30%
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1500
500
100
50%
70%
0
0.25
0.45
0.65
0.85
1.05
50
1.25
0
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.44 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A4 (h360)
Plot of pressure against % height
4000
3500
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
3
2
y = -0.0019x + 0.7912x - 86.829x + 2785.9
2
R = 0.9962
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
99
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.45 Series results for configuration identity A4 (h600)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A4(h600)
A
B
C
D
E
39.83
40.43
40.28
40.37
40.21
1.88
1.56
1.67
1.64
1.69
18.0
16.2
15.3
14.9
14.5
0.4
40.43
39.83
40.22
0.23575
1.88
1.56
1.69
0.11819
18.0
14.5
15.8
1.3918
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
4651
3031
316
115
82
4535
3059
316
29
-55
4680
2977
431
86
-137
4651
2977
316
-58
-164
4651
2785
201
29
-55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
fraction
Overtopping
0.15772
0.16012
0.15952
0.15988
0.15924
0.00752
0.00624
0.00668
0.00656
0.00676
0.0455
0.0375
0.0402
0.0394
0.0407
0.16012
0.15772
0.15930
0.00094302
0.00752
0.00624
0.00675
0.00047278
0.0455
0.0375
0.0407
0.0029674
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4680
Table 3.46 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A4 (h600)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A4(h600)
B
300
600
390
600
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5532
437
4283
995
9761
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
5886
5297
4120
2943
1766
589
0
5532
4680
2977
431
86
-137
-354
-617
-1144
-2512
-1679
-725
0.94
0.88
0.72
0.15
0.05
-0.23
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.455
0.505
0.050
3.60
100
Chart 3.45 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A4 (h600)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
5000
1200
10%
Bund
4000
1000
800
Pressure (Pa)
Tank
600
2000
400
Fluid depth (mm)
30%
3000
1000
200
50%
0
0.45
70%
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
0
1.15
1.05
90%
-1000
-200
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.46 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A4 (h600)
Plot of pressure against % height
7000
6000
5000
Pressure (Pa)
4000
3000
2000
1000
3
2
y = 0.0119x - 0.8889x - 78.942x + 5561.9
2
R = 0.9877
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
101
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.47 Series results for configuration identity A4 (h720)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
A4(h720)
A
B
C
D
E
40.26
40.86
40.62
40.70
40.69
1.24
0.92
1.11
1.12
1.24
18.7
14.8
14.4
14.1
13.9
0.4
40.86
40.26
40.63
0.22267
1.24
0.92
1.13
0.13107
18.7
13.9
15.2
1.9967
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
4476
2212
-402
-144
-27
4535
2212
-287
-288
-55
4535
2212
-632
-173
-82
4447
2212
-201
-230
-191
4418
2157
-431
-230
-55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.15944
0.16184
0.16088
0.16120
0.16116
0.00496
0.00368
0.00444
0.00448
0.00496
0.0302
0.0222
0.0269
0.0270
0.0299
0.16184
0.15944
0.16090
0.00089066
0.00496
0.00368
0.00450
0.00052429
0.0302
0.0222
0.0272
0.0031897
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4535
Table 3.48 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity A4 (h720)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
A4(h720)
B
300
600
390
720
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5696
442
4335
999
9797
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
7063
6357
4944
3532
2119
706
0
5696
4535
2212
-632
-173
-82
-1367
-1822
-2732
-4163
-2292
-788
0.81
0.71
0.45
-0.18
-0.08
-0.12
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.432
0.472
0.040
4.50
102
Chart 3.47 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity A4 (h720)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
5000
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
3000
800
Tank
2000
30%
600
1000
Fluid depth (mm)
Bund
10%
4000
400
70%
0
0.45
0.55
0.65
90%
0.75
0.85
200
1.05
0.95
50%
-1000
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.48 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity A4 (h720)
Plot of pressure against % height
8000
7000
6000
Pressure (Pa)
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
3
2
y = 0.0087x + 0.0675x - 140.06x + 5810
2
R = 0.9754
0
0
20
40
60
80
-1000
-2000
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
103
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.49 Series results for configuration identity B1 (h48)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B1(h48)
A
B
C
D
E
6.74
6.68
6.74
6.74
6.74
1.82
1.92
1.95
1.99
1.93
20.0
19.8
19.7
19.3
18.1
0.4
6.74
6.68
6.73
0.02683
1.99
1.82
1.92
0.06301
20.0
18.1
19.4
0.7596
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
698
628
488
259
273
581
546
460
345
82
669
655
517
345
246
639
628
546
345
109
581
655
517
374
109
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02536
0.02512
0.02536
0.02536
0.02536
0.00728
0.00768
0.00780
0.00796
0.00772
0.2230
0.2341
0.2352
0.2389
0.2334
0.02536
0.02512
0.02531
0.00010733
0.00796
0.00728
0.00769
0.00025203
0.2389
0.2230
0.2329
0.0059235
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
698
Table 3.50 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B1 (h48)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B1(h48)
A
300
120
497
48
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
732
89
874
198
1945
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
471
424
330
235
141
47
0
732
698
628
488
259
273
262
274
298
253
118
226
1.56
1.65
1.91
2.07
1.83
5.80
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.381
0.537
0.156
2.53
104
Chart 3.49 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B1 (h 48)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
250
800
700
10%
200
30%
600
Bund
Pressure (Pa)
Tank
50%
400
100
300
70%
Fluid depth (mm)
150
500
50
200
90%
100
0
0
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
-100
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.50 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B1 (h48)
Plot of pressure against % height
800
700
3
2
y = 0.0021x - 0.2929x + 4.0297x + 714.14
2
R = 0.9818
600
Pressure (Pa)
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
105
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.51 Series results for configuration identity B1 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B1(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
15.69
15.72
15.42
15.48
15.53
5.48
5.60
5.81
5.81
5.81
17.3
19.2
15.3
15.2
14.6
0.4
15.72
15.42
15.57
0.13142
5.81
5.48
5.70
0.15385
19.2
14.6
16.3
1.9045
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1860
1502
1091
461
191
1977
1420
1206
576
273
1831
1502
1063
374
246
1918
1502
1091
518
164
1948
1420
1120
489
191
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06116
0.06128
0.06008
0.06032
0.06052
0.02192
0.02240
0.02324
0.02324
0.02324
0.2638
0.2677
0.2789
0.2781
0.2775
0.06128
0.06008
0.06067
0.00052566
0.02324
0.02192
0.02281
0.00061540
0.2789
0.2638
0.2732
0.0069485
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1977
Table 3.52 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B1 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B1(h120)
E
300
300
497
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2255
198
1943
400
3929
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
2255
1977
1420
1206
576
273
1078
917
596
618
223
155
1.92
1.87
1.72
2.05
1.63
2.32
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.771
0.888
0.117
3.37
106
Chart 3.51 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B1 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
450
Bund
10%
400
1500
350
30%
300
Pressure (Pa)
50%
1000
250
200
70%
500
150
90%
0
0.75
0.85
0.95
Fluid depth (mm)
Tank
100
1.05
1.15
1.25
50
1.45
1.35
0
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.52 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B1 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -0.0008x + 0.1381x - 28.434x + 2245.1
2
R = 0.9889
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
107
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.53 Series results for configuration identity B1 (h240)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B1(h240)
A
B
C
D
E
32.30
32.28
32.11
32.17
32.01
9.91
10.04
10.06
10.06
10.34
15.5
14.7
14.7
14.3
14.0
0.4
32.30
32.01
32.17
0.12054
10.34
9.91
10.08
0.15723
15.5
14.0
14.6
0.5639
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3924
3031
1781
605
82
3808
3059
1694
633
219
3982
3059
1694
662
137
3982
3004
1608
605
137
3692
3086
1666
605
191
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.12760
0.12752
0.12684
0.12708
0.12644
0.03964
0.04016
0.04024
0.04024
0.04136
0.2370
0.2395
0.2408
0.2405
0.2465
0.12760
0.12644
0.12710
0.00048216
0.04136
0.03964
0.04033
0.00062890
0.2465
0.2370
0.2409
0.0034752
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3982
Table 3.54 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B1 (h240)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B1(h240)
B
300
600
497
240
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
4444
317
3111
767
7522
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2354
2119
1648
1177
706
235
0
4444
3982
3059
1694
662
137
2090
1863
1411
517
-44
-99
1.89
1.88
1.86
1.44
0.94
0.58
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.383
0.470
0.087
4.53
108
Chart 3.53 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B1 (h240)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
4500
900
4000
800
10%
3500
Tank
Bund
30%
600
2500
500
2000
400
1500
300
1000
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
3000
700
200
50%
500
70%
100
90%
0
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
0
1.15
1.05
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.54 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B1 (h240)
Plot of pressure against % height
5000
4500
4000
3
3500
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = 0.0077x - 0.9229x - 26.593x + 4408.7
2
R = 0.9991
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
109
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.55 Series results for configuration identity B2 (h48)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B2(h48)
A
B
C
D
E
6.83
6.83
6.83
6.86
6.87
1.76
1.79
1.82
1.80
1.84
19.6
19.4
19.0
18.6
18.5
0.4
6.87
6.83
6.84
0.01949
1.84
1.76
1.80
0.03033
19.6
18.5
19.0
0.4817
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
727
546
402
317
246
639
573
431
317
300
814
546
373
288
246
814
683
460
374
328
669
601
488
345
273
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02572
0.02572
0.02572
0.02584
0.02588
0.00704
0.00716
0.00728
0.00720
0.00736
0.2149
0.2178
0.2206
0.2179
0.2214
0.02588
0.02572
0.02578
0.00007797
0.00736
0.00704
0.00721
0.00012133
0.2214
0.2149
0.2185
0.0025899
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
814
Table 3.56 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B2 (h48)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B2(h48)
B
300
120
520
48
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
948
87
856
256
2507
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
471
424
330
235
141
47
0
948
814
546
373
288
246
477
390
217
138
147
199
2.01
1.92
1.66
1.59
2.04
5.22
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.474
0.601
0.127
3.46
110
Chart 3.55 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B2 (h48)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
900
300
10%
800
250
700
Bund
200
30%
500
Tank
150
50%
400
100
300
70%
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
50
90%
100
0
0
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
-100
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.56 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B2 (h48)
Plot of pressure against % height
1200
1000
800
Pressure (Pa)
3
2
y = -9E-05x + 0.1035x - 16.474x + 955.05
2
R = 0.9991
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
111
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.57 Series results for configuration identity B2 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B2(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
15.85
15.99
15.90
15.81
15.68
5.34
5.35
5.39
5.48
5.50
17.5
17.6
16.8
15.8
15.1
0.4
15.99
15.68
15.85
0.11459
5.50
5.34
5.41
0.07396
17.6
15.1
16.6
1.0877
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1715
1502
919
432
355
1686
1447
948
432
-164
1802
1529
948
518
328
1715
1447
948
432
-164
1686
1447
919
432
137
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06180
0.06236
0.06200
0.06164
0.06112
0.02136
0.02140
0.02156
0.02192
0.02200
0.2569
0.2555
0.2580
0.2623
0.2647
0.06236
0.06112
0.06178
0.00045834
0.02200
0.02136
0.02165
0.00029584
0.2647
0.2555
0.2595
0.0038747
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1802
Table 3.58 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B2 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B2(h120)
B
300
300
520
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1939
182
1788
380
3732
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
1939
1802
1529
948
518
328
761
743
705
359
165
210
1.65
1.70
1.86
1.61
1.47
2.78
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.285
0.423
0.138
3.19
112
Chart 3.57 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B2 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
400
Bund
10%
350
30%
Tank
300
Pressure (Pa)
50%
250
1000
200
70%
500
150
Fluid depth (mm)
1500
90%
100
0
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
50
-500
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.58 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B2 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = 0.0043x - 0.5686x - 1.1874x + 1915.7
2
R = 0.9976
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
113
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.59 Series results for configuration identity B2 (h240)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B2(h240)
A
B
C
D
E
33.38
33.62
33.55
33.20
33.48
8.63
8.55
8.68
8.95
8.86
18.4
15.6
14.3
14.6
14.0
0.4
33.62
33.20
33.45
0.16365
8.95
8.55
8.73
0.16592
18.4
14.0
15.4
1.7922
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3779
2922
1350
403
137
3808
2895
1264
317
-82
3808
2840
1292
317
-82
3750
2977
1206
317
-82
3808
2867
1292
288
137
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.13192
0.13288
0.13260
0.13120
0.13232
0.03452
0.03420
0.03472
0.03580
0.03544
0.2074
0.2047
0.2075
0.2144
0.2113
0.13288
0.13120
0.13218
0.00065458
0.03580
0.03420
0.03494
0.00066369
0.2144
0.2047
0.2090
0.0037835
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3808
Table 3.60 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B2 (h240)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B2(h240)
B
300
600
520
240
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
4292
288
2830
552
5418
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2354
2119
1648
1177
706
235
0
4292
3808
2840
1292
317
-82
1937
1689
1192
115
-390
-317
1.82
1.80
1.72
1.10
0.45
-0.35
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.184
0.301
0.117
3.76
114
Chart 3.59 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B2 (h240)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
4000
700
10%
Tank
3500
600
3000
30%
500
400
2000
Bund
1500
300
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
2500
50%
1000
200
500
70%
100
0
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
90%
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
-500
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.60 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B2 (h240)
Plot of pressure against % height
5000
4500
4000
3
2
y = 0.0097x - 1.1265x - 25.593x + 4254.3
2
R = 0.9983
3500
Pressure (Pa)
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
115
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.61 Series results for configuration identity C1 (h36)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C1(h36)
A
B
C
D
E
6.17
6.10
6.14
6.14
6.08
2.46
2.53
2.50
2.54
2.62
19.2
19.4
19.0
18.5
18.2
0.4
6.17
6.08
6.13
0.03578
2.62
2.46
2.53
0.05916
19.4
18.2
18.9
0.4980
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
424
451
336
308
169
451
492
365
357
246
488
500
408
369
186
459
467
488
426
276
433
415
325
366
224
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02308
0.02280
0.02296
0.02296
0.02272
0.00984
0.01012
0.01000
0.01016
0.01048
0.2989
0.3074
0.3034
0.3068
0.3157
0.02308
0.02272
0.02290
0.00014311
0.01048
0.00984
0.01012
0.00023664
0.3157
0.2989
0.3064
0.0061667
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
488
Table 3.62 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C1 (h36)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C1(h36)
B
300
120
574
36
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
466
81
791
185
1817
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
353
283
247
177
106
35
0
466
488
500
408
369
186
112
206
253
231
263
150
1.32
1.73
2.02
2.31
3.48
5.26
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.374
0.586
0.212
2.58
116
Chart 3.61 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C1 (h36)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
550
200
30%
Bund
450
150
20%
Tank
50%
Pressure (Pa)
100
250
90%
50
Fluid depth (mm)
70%
350
150
0
50
0.35
-50
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.05
-50
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.62 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C1 (h36)
Plot of pressure against % height
600
500
3
2
y = -0.0002x - 0.0393x + 1.8089x + 468.38
2
R = 0.9726
Pressure (Pa)
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
117
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.63 Series results for configuration identity C1 (h90)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C1(h90)
A
B
C
D
E
13.34
13.39
13.21
13.46
13.36
7.75
7.82
7.99
7.75
7.92
20.2
19.2
18.4
17.6
16.3
0.4
13.46
13.21
13.35
0.09149
7.99
7.75
7.85
0.10644
20.2
16.3
18.3
1.4926
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1558
1259
976
737
273
1363
1286
1172
754
336
1581
1278
1160
582
453
1549
1259
922
662
374
1613
1355
1051
596
142
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05176
0.05196
0.05124
0.05224
0.05184
0.03100
0.03128
0.03196
0.03100
0.03168
0.3746
0.3758
0.3841
0.3724
0.3793
0.05224
0.05124
0.05181
0.00036595
0.03196
0.03100
0.03138
0.00042577
0.3841
0.3724
0.3772
0.0045908
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1613
Table 3.64 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C1 (h90)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C1(h90)
D
300
300
574
90
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1743
172
1690
378
3710
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
883
795
618
441
265
88
0
1743
1613
1355
1051
596
142
860
819
736
610
331
54
1.97
2.03
2.19
2.38
2.25
1.61
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.286
0.458
0.172
3.19
118
Chart 3.63 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C1 (h90)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1800
400
Bund
10%
1600
1400
350
30%
Tank
300
1200
Pressure (Pa)
200
800
70%
150
600
Fluid depth (mm)
250
50%
1000
100
400
50
200
90%
0
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0
0.75
0.85
0.95
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.64 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C1 (h90)
Plot of pressure against % height
2000
1500
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -6E-05x - 0.0811x - 9.9654x + 1733.9
2
R = 0.9992
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
119
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.65 Series results for configuration identity C1 (h180)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C1(h180)
A
B
C
D
E
28.13
28.42
28.52
28.36
28.08
13.72
13.69
13.65
13.93
14.12
18.3
17.2
16.0
14.8
14.4
0.4
28.52
28.08
28.30
0.18953
14.12
13.65
13.82
0.19867
18.3
14.4
16.1
1.6303
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2974
2739
1657
757
210
3043
2805
1729
769
145
3116
3018
1743
697
227
2977
2796
1697
697
104
3035
2930
1643
846
-281
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.11092
0.11208
0.11248
0.11184
0.11072
0.05488
0.05476
0.05460
0.05572
0.05648
0.3310
0.3282
0.3268
0.3325
0.3378
0.11248
0.11072
0.11161
0.00075810
0.05648
0.05460
0.05529
0.00079468
0.3378
0.3268
0.3313
0.0042922
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3116
Table 3.66 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C1 (h180)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C1(h180)
B
300
600
574
180
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
3165
279
2740
555
5447
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1766
1589
1236
883
530
177
0
3165
3116
3018
1743
697
227
1399
1527
1782
860
167
50
1.79
1.96
2.44
1.97
1.32
1.28
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.260
0.435
0.175
3.13
120
Chart 3.65 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C1 (h180)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3500
700
Tank
3000
10%
600
30%
2500
500
Pressure (Pa)
400
50%
1500
300
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Bund
2000
70%
500
100
90%
0
0
0.3
0.5
0.7
0. 9
1.1
1.3
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.66 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C1 (h180)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
3
2
y = 0.0129x - 1.9578x + 40.092x + 3078.4
2
R = 0.9923
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
121
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.67 Series results for configuration identity B3 (h48)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B3(h48)
A
B
C
D
E
7.26
7.27
7.38
7.33
7.41
1.31
1.33
1.26
1.32
1.27
20.4
20.8
20.7
20.7
20.0
0.4
7.41
7.26
7.33
0.06595
1.33
1.26
1.30
0.03114
20.8
20.0
20.5
0.3271
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
610
410
316
403
382
407
410
431
259
109
639
492
431
432
382
639
546
546
518
328
523
519
402
230
55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02744
0.02748
0.02792
0.02772
0.02804
0.00524
0.00532
0.00504
0.00528
0.00508
0.1603
0.1622
0.1529
0.1600
0.1534
0.02804
0.02744
0.02772
0.00026382
0.00532
0.00504
0.00519
0.00012458
0.1622
0.1529
0.1578
0.0043019
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
639
Table 3.68 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B3 (h48)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B3(h48)
B
300
120
581
48
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
713
76
743
191
1871
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
471
424
330
235
141
47
0
713
639
492
431
432
382
243
216
162
195
291
335
1.52
1.51
1.49
1.83
3.06
8.12
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.301
0.495
0.194
2.90
122
Chart 3.67 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B3 (h48)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
250
700
10%
600
200
30%
Bund
Pressure (Pa)
150
50%
400
Tank
70%
300
100
90%
200
Fluid depth (mm)
500
50
100
0
0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
-100
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% f rom base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.68 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B3 (h48)
Plot of pressure against % height
800
700
600
3
2
y = -0.0008x + 0.1622x - 11.675x + 723.33
2
R = 0.9913
Pressure (Pa)
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
123
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.69 Series results for configuration identity B3 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B3(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
16.64
16.66
16.69
16.66
16.70
4.56
4.50
4.56
4.59
4.56
18.1
17.6
15.6
14.8
14.8
0.4
16.70
16.64
16.67
0.02449
4.59
4.50
4.55
0.03286
18.1
14.8
16.2
1.5691
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1395
1284
632
461
273
1395
1284
689
374
-219
1337
1229
775
403
328
1366
1284
804
345
-191
1395
1284
718
461
-328
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06496
0.06504
0.06516
0.06504
0.06520
0.01824
0.01800
0.01824
0.01836
0.01824
0.2192
0.2168
0.2187
0.2201
0.2186
0.06520
0.06496
0.06508
0.00009798
0.01836
0.01800
0.01822
0.00013145
0.2201
0.2168
0.2187
0.0012377
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1395
Table 3.70 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B3 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B3(h120)
A
300
300
581
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1451
163
1595
388
3807
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
1451
1395
1284
632
461
273
274
336
459
43
107
155
1.23
1.32
1.56
1.07
1.30
2.32
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.384
0.550
0.166
3.39
124
Chart 3.69 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B3 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1600
450
10%
400
Bund
350
1200
Tank
Pressure (Pa)
300
30%
1000
250
800
50%
200
600
150
70%
Fluid depth (mm)
1400
400
100
90%
200
0
0.35
50
0
0.55
0.75
0.95
1.15
1.35
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.70 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B3 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
3
2
y = 0.0046x - 0.6287x + 6.1822x + 1438.1
2
R = 0.9748
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
125
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.71 Series results for configuration identity B3 (h240)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B3(h240)
A
B
C
D
E
33.73
33.92
33.69
34.09
33.92
8.22
8.27
8.40
8.19
8.24
17.3
14.8
14.0
13.6
13.3
0.4
34.09
33.69
33.87
0.16233
8.40
8.19
8.26
0.08142
17.3
13.3
14.6
1.6109
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3081
2321
919
374
191
3023
2294
948
403
-191
2936
2294
833
345
191
2965
2349
890
345
164
2994
2349
919
374
-273
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.13332
0.13408
0.13316
0.13476
0.13408
0.03288
0.03308
0.03360
0.03276
0.03296
0.1978
0.1979
0.2015
0.1956
0.1973
0.13476
0.13316
0.13388
0.00064931
0.03360
0.03276
0.03306
0.00032570
0.2015
0.1956
0.1980
0.0021577
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3081
Table 3.72 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B3 (h240)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B3(h240)
A
300
600
581
240
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
3461
279
2734
421
4126
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2354
2119
1648
1177
706
235
0
3461
3081
2321
919
374
191
1107
962
673
-258
-332
-44
1.47
1.45
1.41
0.78
0.53
0.81
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.561
0.709
0.148
3.80
126
Chart 3.71 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B3 (h240)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3500
700
Tank
10%
3000
600
2500
500
Bund
Pressure (Pa)
2000
400
1500
300
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
30%
50%
500
100
70%
0
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
90%
1.05
1.15
1.25
0
1.45
1.35
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.72 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B3 (h240)
Plot of pressure against % height
4000
3500
3000
3
2
y = 0.0092x - 1.0016x - 20.037x + 3440.4
2
R = 0.994
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
127
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.73 Series results for configuration identity C2 (h36)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C2(h36)
A
B
C
D
E
6.28
6.26
6.33
6.26
6.19
2.37
2.33
2.45
2.43
2.48
19.0
18.2
18.3
18.1
17.9
0.4
6.33
6.19
6.26
0.05030
2.48
2.33
2.41
0.06099
19.0
17.9
18.3
0.4183
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
465
431
437
397
249
436
388
457
320
227
390
421
445
392
148
378
281
368
357
150
384
423
594
406
260
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02352
0.02344
0.02372
0.02344
0.02316
0.00948
0.00932
0.00980
0.00972
0.00992
0.2873
0.2845
0.2924
0.2931
0.2999
0.02372
0.02316
0.02346
0.00020120
0.00992
0.00932
0.00965
0.00024397
0.2999
0.2845
0.2914
0.0059272
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
465
Table 3.74 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C2 (h36)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C2(h36)
A
300
120
600
36
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
532
75
738
196
1920
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
353
283
247
177
106
35
0
532
465
431
437
397
249
179
183
184
260
291
213
1.51
1.65
1.75
2.47
3.75
7.04
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.353
0.545
0.192
3.13
128
Chart 3.73 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C2 (h36)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
250
450
20%
200
30%
50%
350
70%
Pressure (Pa)
Tank
250
100
90%
Fluid depth (mm)
150
Bund
150
50
50
0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
-50
-50
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.72 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C2 (h36)
Plot of pressure against % height
600
500
3
2
y = -0.0014x + 0.1681x - 6.8278x + 534.38
2
R = 0.9941
Pressure (Pa)
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
129
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.75 Series results for configuration identity C2 (h90)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C2(h90)
A
B
C
D
E
13.65
13.79
13.84
13.84
13.75
7.56
7.45
7.35
7.38
7.49
17.4
17.2
16.7
16.2
15.6
0.4
13.84
13.65
13.77
0.07893
7.56
7.35
7.45
0.08444
17.4
15.6
16.6
0.7362
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1323
1182
942
521
254
1395
1273
997
636
281
1235
1095
818
469
142
1317
1226
925
659
153
1410
1289
928
607
270
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05300
0.05356
0.05376
0.05376
0.05340
0.03024
0.02980
0.02940
0.02952
0.02996
0.3633
0.3575
0.3535
0.3545
0.3594
0.05376
0.05300
0.05350
0.00031572
0.03024
0.02940
0.02978
0.00033776
0.3633
0.3535
0.3576
0.0039352
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1410
Table 3.76 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C2 (h90)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C2(h90)
D
300
300
600
90
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1470
159
1565
381
3735
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
883
795
618
441
265
88
0
1470
1410
1289
928
607
270
587
615
671
486
343
182
1.67
1.77
2.09
2.10
2.29
3.06
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.342
0.541
0.199
3.02
130
Chart 3.75 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C2 (h90)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1600
400
Bund
10%
1400
350
Tank
1200
300
30%
250
50%
800
200
70%
600
150
400
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1000
100
90%
200
0
0.35
50
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0
1.05
0.95
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.76 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C2 (h90)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
3
2
y = 0.0016x - 0.2971x + 0.7904x + 1458
2
R = 0.9977
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
131
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.77 Series results for configuration identity C2 (h180)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C2(h180)
A
B
C
D
E
28.86
29.34
28.88
28.75
29.06
13.14
12.81
13.19
13.32
13.05
18.9
17.6
15.8
14.8
14.2
0.4
29.34
28.75
28.98
0.23091
13.32
12.81
13.10
0.19018
18.9
14.2
16.3
1.9591
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2727
2712
1473
556
126
2802
2575
1674
559
112
2785
2619
1473
582
-68
2616
2690
1660
628
90
2695
2766
1536
662
79
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.11384
0.11576
0.11392
0.11340
0.11464
0.05256
0.05124
0.05276
0.05328
0.05220
0.3159
0.3068
0.3165
0.3197
0.3129
0.11576
0.11340
0.11431
0.00092364
0.05328
0.05124
0.05241
0.00076074
0.3197
0.3068
0.3144
0.0048474
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2802
Table 3.78 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C2 (h180)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C2(h180)
E
300
600
600
180
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2916
272
2665
546
5358
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1766
1589
1236
883
530
177
0
2916
2802
2575
1674
559
112
1150
1213
1339
791
29
-65
1.65
1.76
2.08
1.90
1.05
0.63
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.238
0.410
0.172
3.49
132
Chart 3.77 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C2 (h180)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
3000
10%
Tank
600
2500
30%
500
Bund
Pressure (Pa)
50%
400
1500
300
1000
200
70%
500
100
90%
0
0.25
Fluid depth (mm)
2000
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
0
1.15
1.05
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.78 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C2 (h180)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
3
2
y = 0.0092x - 1.4327x + 24.087x + 2837.6
2
R = 0.9941
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
133
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.79 Series results for configuration identity B4 (h48)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B4(h48)
A
B
C
D
E
7.54
7.46
7.55
7.56
7.59
1.07
1.17
1.14
1.14
1.10
20.1
19.9
18.9
18.6
18.3
0.4
7.59
7.46
7.54
0.04848
1.17
1.07
1.12
0.03912
20.1
18.3
19.2
0.7987
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
541
371
293
274
148
436
391
333
311
153
605
459
273
262
139
480
483
350
291
197
605
481
439
302
251
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02856
0.02824
0.02860
0.02864
0.02876
0.00428
0.00468
0.00456
0.00456
0.00440
0.1303
0.1422
0.1375
0.1373
0.1327
0.02876
0.02824
0.02856
0.00019391
0.00468
0.00428
0.00450
0.00015646
0.1422
0.1303
0.1360
0.0046156
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
605
Table 3.80 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B4 (h48)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B4(h48)
B
300
120
671
48
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
678
55
538
76
744
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
471
424
330
235
141
47
0
678
605
459
273
262
139
207
181
129
37
121
92
1.44
1.43
1.39
1.16
1.85
2.96
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.495
0.770
0.275
2.70
134
Chart 3.79 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B4 (h48)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
Tank
10%
500
120
100
30%
Pressure (Pa)
400
80
Bund
300
60
50%
200
40
Fluid depth (mm)
600
140
70%
90%
100
0
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.05
20
0
1.25
1.15
-100
-20
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.80 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B4 (h48)
Plot of pressure against % height
800
700
600
3
2
y = -0.0002x + 0.0584x - 9.8325x + 686.8
2
R = 0.9815
Pressure (Pa)
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynam ic pressure
135
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.81 Series results for configuration identity B4 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B4(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
17.30
17.37
17.29
17.34
17.44
3.74
3.79
3.89
3.98
3.90
20.2
18.1
16.0
15.1
14.8
0.4
17.44
17.29
17.35
0.06058
3.98
3.74
3.86
0.09513
20.2
14.8
16.8
2.2788
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1247
1152
557
392
224
1276
1158
345
250
-290
1262
1204
574
345
311
1273
1185
767
262
-205
1294
1297
408
343
-246
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06760
0.06788
0.06756
0.06776
0.06816
0.01496
0.01516
0.01556
0.01592
0.01560
0.1812
0.1826
0.1872
0.1902
0.1862
0.06816
0.06756
0.06779
0.00024232
0.01592
0.01496
0.01544
0.00038053
0.1902
0.1812
0.1855
0.0036434
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1294
Table 3.82 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B4 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B4(h120)
D
300
300
671
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1292
117
1145
220
2156
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
1292
1294
1297
408
343
-246
114
234
473
-181
-11
-364
1.10
1.22
1.57
0.69
0.97
-2.09
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.486
0.714
0.228
3.25
136
Chart 3.81 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B4 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1400
350
30%
10%
Tank
300
1000
250
Bund
800
Pressure (Pa)
200
600
150
400
100
50%
200
70%
0
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
Fluid depth (mm)
1200
50
0.95
1.05
1.15
1.25
0
-200
90%
-400
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.82 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B4 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
3
1000
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = 0.0039x - 0.6524x + 10.394x + 1292.7
2
R = 0.9379
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
-400
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
137
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.83 Series results for configuration identity B4 (h240)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
B4(h240)
A
B
C
D
E
35.06
34.84
34.71
35.08
35.00
6.76
7.33
7.45
7.16
7.17
18.9
16.6
14.6
14.0
13.9
0.4
35.08
34.71
34.94
0.15849
7.45
6.76
7.17
0.26083
18.9
13.9
15.6
2.1413
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2369
1898
701
155
-109
2619
2007
810
202
-137
2485
1974
672
184
175
2392
1931
689
95
96
2479
2015
646
147
-112
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.13864
0.13776
0.13724
0.13872
0.13840
0.02704
0.02932
0.02980
0.02864
0.02868
0.1632
0.1755
0.1784
0.1711
0.1717
0.13872
0.13724
0.13815
0.00063397
0.02980
0.02704
0.02870
0.00104330
0.1784
0.1632
0.1720
0.0057297
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2619
Table 3.84 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity B4 (h240)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
B4(h240)
E
300
600
671
240
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2925
182
1782
208
2044
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
2354
2119
1648
1177
706
235
0
2925
2619
2007
810
202
-137
571
500
359
-367
-505
-372
1.24
1.24
1.22
0.69
0.29
-0.58
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.648
0.868
0.220
3.37
138
Chart 3.83 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity B4 (h240)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
3000
Tank
10%
600
2500
500
2000
Pressure (Pa)
400
1500
300
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
30%
Bund
500
50%
100
70%
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
0
90%
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.84 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity B4 (h240)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
3
2
y = 0.0074x - 0.8944x - 13.328x + 2901
2
R = 0.9957
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
139
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.85 Series results for configuration identity C3 (h36)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C3(h36)
A
B
C
D
E
6.74
6.70
6.76
6.84
6.81
1.86
1.95
1.87
1.83
1.87
19.9
20.8
21.0
20.8
20.7
0.4
6.84
6.70
6.77
0.05568
1.95
1.83
1.88
0.04450
21.0
19.9
20.6
0.4278
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
485
366
437
360
161
439
497
448
291
169
416
380
488
311
101
427
341
439
334
219
442
366
385
345
134
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02536
0.02520
0.02544
0.02576
0.02564
0.00744
0.00780
0.00748
0.00732
0.00748
0.2268
0.2364
0.2272
0.2213
0.2258
0.02576
0.02520
0.02548
0.00022271
0.00780
0.00732
0.00750
0.00017799
0.2364
0.2213
0.2275
0.0054886
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
485
Table 3.86 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C3 (h36)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C3(h36)
A
300
120
671
36
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
724
61
601
147
1443
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
353
283
247
177
106
35
0
724
485
366
437
360
161
371
203
119
260
254
126
2.05
1.72
1.48
2.47
3.40
4.56
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.581
0.840
0.259
2.86
140
Chart 3.85 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C3 (h36)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
500
160
10%
140
400
Tank
50%
120
30%
70%
100
Bund
80
200
60
90%
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
300
40
20
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3 0
-100
-20
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.86 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C3 (h36)
Plot of pressure against % height
800
700
600
3
500
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.0034x + 0.4724x - 21.669x + 727.25
2
R = 0.9756
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
-100
-200
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
141
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.87 Series results for configuration identity C3 (h90)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C3(h90)
A
B
C
D
E
14.80
14.81
14.76
14.70
14.70
6.32
6.37
6.42
6.48
6.57
18.3
15.3
14.3
14.0
13.9
0.4
14.81
14.70
14.75
0.05273
6.57
6.32
6.43
0.09731
18.3
13.9
15.2
1.8407
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1247
1076
873
512
248
1183
1062
913
538
115
1291
1180
1022
533
333
1328
1133
1071
596
246
1215
1068
793
458
235
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05760
0.05764
0.05744
0.05720
0.05720
0.02528
0.02548
0.02568
0.02592
0.02628
0.3050
0.3065
0.3090
0.3118
0.3148
0.05764
0.05720
0.05742
0.00021090
0.02628
0.02528
0.02573
0.00038926
0.3148
0.3050
0.3094
0.0039595
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1328
Table 3.88 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C3 (h90)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C3(h90)
C
300
300
671
90
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1426
147
1442
389
3818
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
883
795
618
441
265
88
0
1426
1328
1133
1071
596
246
543
534
515
630
331
158
1.62
1.67
1.83
2.43
2.25
2.78
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.232
0.480
0.248
2.99
142
Chart 3.87 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C3 (h90)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
450
1400
10%
Bund
1200
350
50%
Tank
300
Pressure (Pa)
800
250
70%
200
600
150
400
90%
Fluid depth (mm)
1000
400
30%
100
200
50
0
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0
1.05
0.95
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.88 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C3 (h90)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
3
1000
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.0009x + 0.0195x - 7.4627x + 1412.3
2
R = 0.9826
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
143
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.89 Series results for configuration identity C3 (h180)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C3(h180)
A
B
C
D
E
30.33
30.12
30.15
30.27
30.17
11.55
11.91
11.86
11.85
11.89
18.3
15.3
14.3
14.0
13.9
0.4
30.33
30.12
30.21
0.08843
11.91
11.55
11.81
0.14839
18.3
13.9
15.2
1.8407
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2424
2542
1548
458
-109
2416
2346
1324
374
202
2427
2660
1333
535
-63
2456
2482
1548
322
-202
2538
2452
1241
507
131
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.11972
0.11888
0.11900
0.11948
0.11908
0.04620
0.04764
0.04744
0.04740
0.04756
0.2784
0.2861
0.2850
0.2840
0.2854
0.11972
0.11888
0.11923
0.00035372
0.04764
0.04620
0.04725
0.00059357
0.2861
0.2784
0.2838
0.0030840
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2538
Table 3.90 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C3 (h180)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C3(h180)
D
300
600
671
180
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2580
265
2596
397
3894
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1766
1589
1236
883
530
177
0
2580
2538
2452
1241
507
131
814
948
1216
358
-23
-45
1.46
1.60
1.98
1.41
0.96
0.74
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.319
0.510
0.191
3.88
144
Chart 3.89 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C3 (h180)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
3000
Tank
10%
600
2500
500
2000
Pressure (Pa)
400
1500
Bund
300
50%
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
30%
500
100
70%
0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
90%
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
-500
0
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.90 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C3 (h180)
Plot of pressure against % height
3000
2500
3
2
y = 0.0115x - 1.6888x + 32.712x + 2515.6
2
R = 0.9884
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
145
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.91 Series results for configuration identity D1 (h24)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D1(h24)
A
B
C
D
E
5.22
5.37
5.31
5.31
5.32
3.38
3.32
3.42
3.40
3.38
20.4
20.5
19.5
18.9
18.9
0.4
5.37
5.22
5.31
0.05413
3.42
3.32
3.38
0.03742
20.5
18.9
19.6
0.7797
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
515
377
359
415
279
610
352
307
314
320
593
522
494
498
459
648
407
373
386
260
570
385
457
351
279
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01928
0.01988
0.01964
0.01964
0.01968
0.01352
0.01328
0.01368
0.01360
0.01352
0.4122
0.4005
0.4106
0.4091
0.4072
0.01988
0.01928
0.01962
0.00021652
0.01368
0.01328
0.01352
0.00014967
0.4122
0.4005
0.4079
0.0045433
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
648
Table 3.92 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D1 (h24)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D1(h24)
C
300
120
704
24
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1131
41
398
75
739
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
235
188
165
118
71
24
0
1131
648
407
373
386
260
895
460
242
256
315
236
4.80
3.44
2.47
3.17
5.46
11.02
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.370
0.654
0.284
2.85
146
Chart 3.91 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D1 (h24)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
140
20%
Tank
600
120
500
100
50%
Pressure (Pa)
70%
80
300
60
Bund
90%
200
100
40
Fluid depth (mm)
30%
400
20
0
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0
1.05
0.95
-100
-20
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.92 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D1 (h24)
Plot of pressure against % height
1200
1000
Pressure (Pa)
800
600
3
2
y = -0.0038x + 0.6713x - 39.403x + 1141.5
2
R = 0.9872
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
147
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.93 Series results for configuration identity D1 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D1(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
10.43
10.43
10.52
10.44
10.45
10.62
10.75
10.65
10.74
10.72
20.0
18.4
17.9
17.0
16.1
0.4
10.52
10.43
10.45
0.03782
10.75
10.62
10.70
0.05771
20.0
16.1
17.9
1.4755
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1212
1218
1330
1074
606
1404
1234
1373
1051
552
1279
1172
1246
1019
587
1250
1150
1172
976
473
1285
1202
1307
996
582
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04012
0.04012
0.04048
0.04016
0.04020
0.04248
0.04300
0.04260
0.04296
0.04288
0.5143
0.5173
0.5128
0.5168
0.5161
0.04048
0.04012
0.04022
0.00015126
0.04300
0.04248
0.04278
0.00023082
0.5173
0.5128
0.5155
0.0019047
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1404
Table 3.94 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D1 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D1(h60)
E
300
300
704
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1489
111
1091
133
1307
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1489
1404
1234
1373
1051
552
900
874
822
1078
874
493
2.53
2.65
3.00
4.66
5.95
9.38
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.719
0.970
0.251
3.22
148
Chart 3.93 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D1 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
350
1600
10%
1400
300
Tank
30%
1200
50%
250
200
800
70%
600
150
90%
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1000
400
100
200
Bund
50
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-200
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.94 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D1 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
1600
1400
1200
3
2
y = -0.0045x + 0.4762x - 16.659x + 1497
2
R = 0.9728
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
149
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.95 Series results for configuration identity D1 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D1(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
22.34
22.37
22.09
22.59
21.87
19.66
19.71
20.07
19.74
20.30
16.5
15.2
14.4
14.2
14.4
0.4
22.59
21.87
22.25
0.27752
20.30
19.66
19.90
0.27754
16.5
14.2
14.9
0.9529
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2727
2521
2300
1500
470
2497
2613
2464
1630
574
2776
2723
2467
1635
377
2799
2701
2435
1445
557
2622
2701
2616
1748
757
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08776
0.08788
0.08676
0.08876
0.08588
0.07864
0.07884
0.08028
0.07896
0.08120
0.4726
0.4729
0.4806
0.4708
0.4860
0.08876
0.08588
0.08741
0.00111010
0.08120
0.07864
0.07958
0.00111017
0.4860
0.4708
0.4766
0.0064790
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2799
Table 3.96 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D1 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D1(h120)
C
300
600
704
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2848
189
1854
241
2360
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
2848
2799
2701
2435
1445
557
1671
1740
1877
1847
1092
440
2.42
2.64
3.28
4.14
4.09
4.73
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.509
0.731
0.222
3.64
150
Chart 3.95 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D1 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
3000
Tank
10%
600
2500
30%
50%
500
Pressure (Pa)
400
1500
70%
300
Bund
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
2000
90%
500
100
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
-500
0
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.96 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D1 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
3
2
y = 0.0001x - 0.401x + 9.5559x + 2805.5
2
R = 0.9908
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
151
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.97 Series results for configuration identity D2 (h24)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D2(h24)
A
B
C
D
E
5.65
5.58
5.57
5.58
5.55
3.00
3.06
3.11
3.08
3.15
18.4
18.6
18.2
17.8
17.6
0.4
5.65
5.55
5.59
0.03782
3.15
3.00
3.08
0.05612
18.6
17.6
18.1
0.4147
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
535
377
422
334
227
398
350
327
328
216
555
483
402
374
167
378
467
336
380
98
372
492
402
305
227
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02100
0.02072
0.02068
0.02072
0.02060
0.01200
0.01224
0.01244
0.01232
0.01260
0.3636
0.3714
0.3756
0.3729
0.3795
0.02100
0.02060
0.02074
0.00015126
0.01260
0.01200
0.01232
0.00022450
0.3795
0.3636
0.3726
0.0058917
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
555
Table 3.98 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D2 (h24)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D2(h24)
B
300
120
735
24
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
699
40
391
60
591
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
235
188
165
118
71
24
0
699
555
483
402
374
167
463
367
319
284
304
143
2.97
2.95
2.93
3.42
5.30
7.08
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.617
0.932
0.315
2.76
152
Chart 3.97 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D2 (h24)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
140
600
20%
Tank
120
30%
500
50%
100
80
Pressure (Pa)
70%
300
60
Bund
200
90%
40
Fluid depth (mm)
400
100
20
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-100
0
-20
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.98 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D2 (h24)
Plot of pressure against % height
800
700
600
3
2
y = -0.0016x + 0.2114x - 12.134x + 705.04
2
R = 0.9883
Pressure (Pa)
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
153
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.99 Series results for configuration identity D2 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D2(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
10.79
10.75
10.88
10.70
10.82
10.25
10.41
10.33
10.50
10.39
18.7
17.4
17.3
16.3
15.5
0.4
10.88
10.70
10.79
0.06834
10.50
10.25
10.38
0.09317
18.7
15.5
17.0
1.2116
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1384
1177
1172
950
617
1294
994
1014
780
169
1387
1155
1287
910
604
1419
1117
1126
1048
530
1439
991
1017
789
407
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04156
0.04140
0.04192
0.04120
0.04168
0.04100
0.04164
0.04132
0.04200
0.04156
0.4966
0.5014
0.4964
0.5048
0.4993
0.04192
0.04120
0.04155
0.00027335
0.04200
0.04100
0.04150
0.00037267
0.5048
0.4964
0.4997
0.0035279
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1439
Table 3.100 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D2 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D2(h60)
D
300
300
735
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1663
110
1082
132
1293
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1663
1439
991
1017
789
407
1074
909
579
722
612
348
2.82
2.72
2.41
3.45
4.47
6.92
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.574
0.840
0.266
3.27
154
Chart 3.99 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D2 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1600
1400
350
Tank
10%
300
1200
250
Pressure (Pa)
50%
200
800
70%
600
150
Bund
Fluid depth (mm)
30%
1000
400
100
90%
200
50
0
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.05
1.15
1.25
-200
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.100 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D2 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
1800
1600
1400
3
1200
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.005x + 0.7043x - 37.429x + 1687.9
2
R = 0.9862
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
155
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.101 Series results for configuration identity D2 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D2(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
22.48
22.61
22.82
22.87
22.96
19.48
19.39
19.48
19.26
19.23
18.5
15.8
14.7
14.4
14.3
0.4
22.96
22.48
22.75
0.19741
19.48
19.23
19.37
0.11862
18.5
14.3
15.5
1.7587
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2584
2501
2387
1627
505
2666
2542
2266
1442
366
2770
2567
2481
1440
500
2700
2553
2378
1644
576
2648
2463
2157
1586
456
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08832
0.08884
0.08968
0.08988
0.09024
0.07792
0.07756
0.07792
0.07704
0.07692
0.4687
0.4661
0.4649
0.4615
0.4602
0.09024
0.08832
0.08939
0.00078963
0.07792
0.07692
0.07747
0.00047447
0.4687
0.4602
0.4643
0.0034626
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2770
Table 3.102 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D2 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D2(h120)
B
300
600
735
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2872
208
2036
261
2557
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
2872
2770
2567
2481
1440
500
1695
1711
1743
1893
1086
382
2.44
2.61
3.12
4.22
4.08
4.25
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.695
0.935
0.240
3.63
156
Chart 3.101 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D2 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3000
700
Tank
10%
2500
600
30%
50%
500
1500
400
70%
1000
300
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
2000
Bund
500
200
90%
0
100
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-500
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.102 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D2 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
3
2
y = -0.0023x - 0.0601x - 2.257x + 2836.9
2
R = 0.9834
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
157
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.103 Series results for configuration identity C4 (h36)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C4(h36)
A
B
C
D
E
7.34
7.36
7.37
7.43
7.37
1.21
1.22
1.22
1.24
1.24
21.6
21.1
20.7
20.9
20.1
0.4
7.43
7.34
7.37
0.03362
1.24
1.21
1.23
0.01342
21.6
20.1
20.9
0.5495
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
390
303
345
253
115
416
322
503
305
175
523
415
382
213
156
465
434
402
294
249
366
522
359
210
63
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02776
0.02784
0.02788
0.02812
0.02788
0.00484
0.00488
0.00488
0.00496
0.00496
0.1485
0.1491
0.1490
0.1499
0.1510
0.02812
0.02776
0.02790
0.00013446
0.00496
0.00484
0.00490
0.00005367
0.1510
0.1485
0.1495
0.0010043
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
523
Table 3.104 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C4 (h36)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C4(h36)
B
300
120
775
36
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
739
36
354
96
937
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
353
283
247
177
106
35
0
739
523
415
382
213
156
386
241
168
205
107
120
2.09
1.85
1.68
2.16
2.01
4.41
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.840
1.202
0.362
2.62
158
Chart 3.103 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C4 (h36)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
140
600
Tank
20%
120
500
30%
100
400
Pressure (Pa)
80
300
Bund
60
70%
200
40
Fluid depth (mm)
50%
90%
100
20
0
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-100
0
-20
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.104 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C4 (h36)
Plot of pressure against % height
800
700
600
3
500
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.0008x + 0.1445x - 13.358x + 735.91
2
R = 0.9804
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
159
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.105 Series results for configuration identity C4 (h90)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C4(h90)
A
B
C
D
E
16.10
16.14
16.22
16.21
16.28
5.07
5.09
5.01
4.98
4.90
18.9
18.7
18.4
17.8
17.1
0.4
16.28
16.10
16.19
0.07071
5.09
4.90
5.01
0.07583
18.9
17.1
18.2
0.7328
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1073
989
638
248
104
1046
1013
836
325
123
1096
975
681
369
183
1151
1073
899
302
153
1044
945
833
409
-98
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06280
0.06296
0.06328
0.06324
0.06352
0.02028
0.02036
0.02004
0.01992
0.01960
0.2441
0.2444
0.2405
0.2395
0.2358
0.06352
0.06280
0.06316
0.00028284
0.02036
0.01960
0.02004
0.00030332
0.2444
0.2358
0.2409
0.0035421
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1151
Table 3.106 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C4 (h90)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C4(h90)
C
300
300
775
90
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1190
114
1117
401
3934
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
883
795
618
441
265
88
0
1190
1151
1073
899
302
153
307
356
455
457
37
65
1.35
1.45
1.74
2.04
1.14
1.73
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.272
0.560
0.288
3.30
160
Chart 3.105 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C4 (h90)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
450
1200
10%
400
1000
350
30%
800
300
Pressure (Pa)
50%
250
600
Bund
200
400
150
Fluid depth (mm)
Tank
70%
100
200
90%
0
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
50
0.95
1.150
1.05
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.106 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C4 (h90)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
3
2
y = 0.0031x - 0.532x + 11.51x + 1148.3
2
R = 0.9688
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
161
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.107 Series results for configuration identity C4 (h180)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
C4(h180)
A
B
C
D
E
31.98
32.01
32.11
32.39
32.38
10.05
10.11
9.97
9.89
9.74
18.0
16.1
14.9
14.3
14.4
0.4
32.39
31.98
32.17
0.19857
10.11
9.74
9.95
0.14464
18.0
14.3
15.5
1.5502
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2151
2056
1284
239
98
2043
2157
1134
118
-254
2183
2106
1103
363
210
2154
2234
999
311
66
2200
2248
1123
184
-208
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.12632
0.12644
0.12684
0.12796
0.12792
0.04020
0.04044
0.03988
0.03956
0.03896
0.2414
0.2423
0.2392
0.2362
0.2335
0.12796
0.12632
0.12710
0.00079428
0.04044
0.03896
0.03981
0.00057855
0.2423
0.2335
0.2385
0.0036930
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2200
Table 3.108 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity C4 (h180)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
C4(h180)
D
300
600
775
180
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2177
228
2237
487
4779
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1766
1589
1236
883
530
177
0
2177
2200
2248
1123
184
-208
411
611
1011
240
-345
-384
1.23
1.38
1.82
1.27
0.35
-1.18
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.268
0.529
0.261
3.64
162
Chart 3.107 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity C4 (h180)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
3000
Tank
600
2500
30%
10%
500
Pressure (Pa)
400
1500
Bund
300
1000
200
50%
Fluid depth (mm)
2000
500
100
70%
0
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.05
0
1.25
1.15
90%
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.108 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity C4 (h180)
Plot of pressure against % height
3000
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = 0.0125x - 1.9352x + 47.125x + 2089.9
2
R = 0.9893
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
163
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.109 Series results for configuration identity D3 (h24)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D3(h24)
A
B
C
D
E
6.32
6.41
6.43
6.35
6.38
2.28
2.23
2.24
2.34
2.29
18.7
18.7
18.6
18.3
17.9
0.4
6.43
6.32
6.38
0.04438
2.34
2.23
2.28
0.04393
18.7
17.9
18.4
0.3435
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
512
451
411
357
219
419
418
488
357
257
549
339
422
343
249
445
355
462
369
213
401
385
572
371
238
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02368
0.02404
0.02412
0.02380
0.02392
0.00912
0.00892
0.00896
0.00936
0.00916
0.2780
0.2706
0.2709
0.2823
0.2769
0.02412
0.02368
0.02391
0.00017754
0.00936
0.00892
0.00910
0.00017573
0.2823
0.2706
0.2757
0.0049807
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
549
Table 3.110 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D3 (h24)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D3(h24)
B
300
120
822
24
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
971
34
329
51
504
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
235
188
165
118
71
24
0
971
549
339
442
343
249
735
361
174
325
272
225
4.12
2.92
2.05
3.76
4.85
10.56
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.472
0.835
0.363
2.88
164
Chart 3.109 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D3 (h24)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
140
600
Tank
20%
120
500
50%
100
Pressure (Pa)
30%
80
300
70%
90%
60
Bund
200
40
Fluid depth (mm)
400
100
20
0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
-100
0
-20
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.110 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D3 (h24)
Plot of pressure against % height
1200
1000
Pressure (Pa)
800
3
2
y = -0.004x + 0.6506x - 34.557x + 972.53
2
R = 0.9609
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
165
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.111 Series results for configuration identity D3 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D3(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
11.84
11.89
11.96
12.01
11.99
9.28
9.28
9.22
9.18
9.13
17.1
16.7
16.6
16.3
16.0
0.4
12.01
11.84
11.94
0.07120
9.28
9.13
9.22
0.06496
17.1
16.0
16.5
0.4159
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1314
920
767
702
341
1424
980
1114
924
503
1250
926
850
795
229
1296
948
836
702
448
1413
890
850
610
380
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04576
0.04596
0.04624
0.04644
0.04636
0.03712
0.03712
0.03688
0.03672
0.03652
0.4479
0.4468
0.4437
0.4416
0.4406
0.04644
0.04576
0.04615
0.00028482
0.03712
0.03652
0.03687
0.00025985
0.4479
0.4406
0.4441
0.0031684
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1424
Table 3.112 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D3 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D3(h60)
E
300
300
822
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1646
96
944
150
1468
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1646
1424
980
1114
924
503
1058
895
568
820
748
444
2.80
2.69
2.38
3.79
5.23
8.54
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.501
0.823
0.322
3.24
166
Chart 3.111 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D3 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1500
350
10%
300
50%
1100
250
30%
70%
Pressure (Pa)
900
200
700
150
Bund
90%
500
100
300
50
100
0
-100
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
Fluid depth (mm)
Tank
1300
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.112 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D3 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
1800
1600
1400
3
1200
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.0064x + 0.8919x - 41.219x + 1678.4
2
R = 0.9739
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
167
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.113 Series results for configuration identity D3 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D3(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
24.03
24.21
24.28
24.44
24.46
17.90
17.82
17.88
17.87
17.85
19.0
17.2
15.7
15.1
14.7
0.4
24.46
24.03
24.28
0.17700
17.90
17.82
17.86
0.03050
19.0
14.7
16.3
1.7644
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2445
2294
2214
1333
582
2337
2258
2085
1368
563
2517
2335
2231
1370
642
2424
2212
2312
1448
385
2369
2310
2243
1393
574
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.09452
0.09524
0.09552
0.09616
0.09624
0.07160
0.07128
0.07152
0.07148
0.07140
0.4310
0.4281
0.4282
0.4264
0.4259
0.09624
0.09452
0.09554
0.00070801
0.07160
0.07128
0.07146
0.00012198
0.4310
0.4259
0.4279
0.0020011
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2517
Table 3.114 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D3 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D3(h120)
B
300
600
822
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2608
190
1863
266
2610
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
2608
2517
2335
2231
1370
642
1431
1458
1511
1643
1017
524
2.22
2.38
2.83
3.79
3.88
5.45
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.329
0.612
0.283
3.69
168
Chart 3.113 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D3 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3000
700
Tank
10%
2500
600
30%
500
Pressure (Pa)
50%
1500
400
70%
1000
300
Fluid depth (mm)
2000
Bund
500
200
90%
0
100
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
-500
0
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.114 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D3 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
3000
2500
3
2
y = -0.0013x - 0.106x - 1.4844x + 2577.8
2
R = 0.9839
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
169
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.115 Series results for configuration identity D4 (h24)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D4(h24)
A
B
C
D
E
7.18
7.19
7.20
7.18
7.19
1.46
1.43
1.49
1.51
1.52
21.1
21.2
20.8
20.8
20.5
0.4
7.20
7.18
7.19
0.00837
1.52
1.43
1.48
0.03701
21.2
20.5
20.9
0.2775
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
494
410
345
230
137
494
300
258
230
55
436
410
402
230
82
494
410
230
230
82
727
492
287
288
137
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02712
0.02716
0.02720
0.02712
0.02716
0.00584
0.00572
0.00596
0.00604
0.00608
0.1772
0.1740
0.1797
0.1821
0.1829
0.02720
0.02712
0.02715
0.00003347
0.00608
0.00572
0.00593
0.00014805
0.1829
0.1740
0.1792
0.0036813
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
727
Table 3.116 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D4 (h24)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D4(h24)
D
300
120
949
24
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1197
28
279
59
577
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
235
188
165
118
71
24
0
1197
727
492
287
288
137
962
538
327
169
217
113
5.08
3.86
2.98
2.44
4.08
5.80
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.514
0.982
0.468
2.77
170
Chart 3.115 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D4 (h24)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
800
140
Tank
700
20%
120
600
100
30%
Pressure (Pa)
80
400
Bund
60
300
40
Fluid depth (mm)
500
200
50%
20
90%
100
70%
0
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-100
-20
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.116 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D4 (h24)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
3
2
y = -0.0022x + 0.4572x - 34.862x + 1209.8
2
R = 0.9906
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
171
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.117 Series results for configuration identity D4 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D4(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
13.82
13.82
13.85
13.86
13.81
7.31
7.50
7.48
7.42
7.59
21.8
21.2
20.2
18.7
18.1
0.4
13.86
13.81
13.83
0.02168
7.59
7.31
7.46
0.10368
21.8
18.1
20.0
1.5827
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
-959
1120
976
576
219
1337
1038
976
662
273
1366
1065
1005
633
191
1250
1010
890
547
246
1308
1065
976
662
328
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05368
0.05368
0.05380
0.05384
0.05364
0.02924
0.03000
0.02992
0.02968
0.03036
0.3526
0.3585
0.3574
0.3554
0.3614
0.05384
0.05364
0.05373
0.00008672
0.03036
0.02924
0.02984
0.00041473
0.3614
0.3526
0.3571
0.0033089
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1366
Table 3.118 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D4 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D4(h60)
B
300
300
949
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1517
86
841
221
2172
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1517
1366
1065
1005
633
191
928
836
653
711
457
132
2.58
2.58
2.58
3.42
3.59
3.25
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.197
0.555
0.358
3.63
172
Chart 3.117 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D4 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1600
350
Tank
1400
10%
300
30%
1200
50%
250
Bund
Pressure (Pa)
200
800
70%
150
600
100
Fluid depth (mm)
1000
400
50
200
90%
0
0
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
-200
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.118 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D4 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
1800
1600
1400
3
2
y = -0.0029x + 0.3271x - 20.726x + 1522.1
2
R = 0.9922
1200
Pressure (Pa)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
-400
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
173
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.119 Series results for configuration identity D4 (h120)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
D4(h120)
A
B
C
D
E
26.00
25.91
25.73
25.80
26.17
16.14
16.27
16.51
16.37
16.05
19.0
17.9
17.4
15.1
14.8
0.4
26.17
25.73
25.92
0.17283
16.51
16.05
16.27
0.18226
19.0
14.8
16.8
1.8229
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2384
2130
1694
979
300
2296
2048
1752
864
300
2442
2157
1838
1036
382
2209
2075
1666
1094
246
2122
2048
1637
950
219
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.10240
0.10204
0.10132
0.10160
0.10308
0.06456
0.06508
0.06604
0.06548
0.06420
0.3867
0.3894
0.3946
0.3919
0.3838
0.10308
0.10132
0.10209
0.00069132
0.06604
0.06420
0.06507
0.00072905
0.3946
0.3838
0.3893
0.0042468
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2442
Table 3.120 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity D4 (h120)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
D4(h120)
B
300
600
949
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2584
173
1700
375
3676
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
2584
2442
2157
1838
1036
382
1407
1382
1333
1249
683
265
2.19
2.30
2.62
3.12
2.93
3.25
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.329
0.674
0.345
3.76
174
Chart 3.119 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity D4 (h120)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2500
700
10%
Tank
600
30%
2000
50%
500
Pressure (Pa)
400
Bund
1000
300
70%
200
500
Fluid depth (mm)
1500
90%
100
0
0.35
0.45
0.55
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.05
1.15
1.350
1.25
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.120 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity D4 (h120)
Plot of pressure against % height
3000
2500
3
2
y = 0.0002x - 0.2284x - 5.537x + 2556.4
2
R = 0.9942
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
175
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.121 Series results for configuration identity E1 (h12)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E1(h12)
A
B
C
D
E
4.68
4.71
4.66
4.66
4.64
4.01
3.93
3.93
3.95
4.11
18.2
18.6
18.6
18.5
18.2
0.4
4.71
4.64
4.67
0.02646
4.11
3.93
3.99
0.07668
18.6
18.2
18.4
0.2049
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
442
533
313
348
328
352
347
293
371
341
642
391
370
343
399
654
333
325
360
385
596
328
362
311
402
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01712
0.01724
0.01704
0.01704
0.01696
0.01604
0.01572
0.01572
0.01580
0.01644
0.4837
0.4769
0.4799
0.4811
0.4922
0.01724
0.01696
0.01708
0.00010583
0.01644
0.01572
0.01594
0.00030672
0.4922
0.4769
0.4828
0.0058161
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
654
Table 3.122 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E1 (h12)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E1(h12)
C
300
120
995
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1937
20
201
44
435
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
1937
654
333
325
360
385
1820
583
274
277
325
362
16.46
9.26
5.66
6.89
10.19
16.36
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.606
1.113
0.507
2.74
176
Chart 3.121 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E1 (h12)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
140
Tank
600
40%
120
100
80%
70%
Pressure (Pa)
400
80
300
60
50%
60%
200
40
Fluid depth (mm)
500
Bund
100
20
0
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-100
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.122 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E1 (h12)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
3
2
y = 0.002x + 0.1217x - 41.414x + 1939.6
2
R = 0.9936
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
177
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.123 Series results for configuration identity E1 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E1(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
8.31
8.37
8.37
8.41
8.43
12.76
12.81
12.80
12.81
12.76
19.7
18.0
18.0
17.7
17.2
0.4
8.43
8.31
8.38
0.04604
12.81
12.76
12.79
0.02588
19.7
17.2
18.1
0.9418
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
1180
964
956
1008
729
1599
959
905
988
587
1232
967
922
884
710
1151
1035
1103
967
688
1279
1101
999
976
787
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03164
0.03188
0.03188
0.03204
0.03212
0.05104
0.05124
0.05120
0.05124
0.05104
0.6173
0.6165
0.6163
0.6153
0.6138
0.03212
0.03164
0.03191
0.00018417
0.05124
0.05104
0.05115
0.00010354
0.6173
0.6138
0.6158
0.0013618
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1599
Table 3.124 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E1 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E1(h30)
E
300
300
995
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2879
66
650
113
1106
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
2879
1599
959
905
988
587
2585
1363
753
758
899
558
9.78
6.79
4.65
6.15
11.18
19.96
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.683
1.075
0.392
3.55
178
Chart 3.123 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E1 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1800
350
1600
Tank
300
20%
1400
30%
250
50%
70%
1000
200
800
150
90%
600
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1200
Bund
400
50
200
0
0
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-200
-50
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.124 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E1 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
3
2
y = -0.0111x + 1.9091x - 107.43x + 2910.7
2
R = 0.9848
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
179
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.125 Series results for configuration identity E1 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E1(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
12.98
13.10
13.12
13.18
13.14
28.99
28.97
29.00
28.91
29.00
17.8
17.2
16.8
16.0
15.7
0.4
13.18
12.98
13.10
0.07537
29.00
28.91
28.97
0.03782
17.8
15.7
16.7
0.8602
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3410
2075
2128
2053
1347
2331
2026
1970
1929
1374
4331
2171
2171
2012
1442
2334
1950
1970
1915
1431
2215
2144
2005
1935
1262
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05032
0.05080
0.05088
0.05112
0.05096
0.11596
0.11588
0.11600
0.11564
0.11600
0.6974
0.6952
0.6951
0.6935
0.6948
0.05112
0.05032
0.05082
0.00030146
0.11600
0.11564
0.11590
0.00015126
0.6974
0.6935
0.6952
0.0014130
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
4331
Table 3.126 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E1 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E1(h60)
B
300
600
995
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
5411
169
1655
246
2413
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
5411
4331
2171
2171
2012
1442
4823
3801
1759
1877
1836
1384
9.19
8.18
5.27
7.38
11.40
24.51
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.501
0.852
0.351
3.96
180
Chart 3.125 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E1 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
4500
700
10%
4000
600
Tank
3500
500
30%
50%
2500
400
70%
2000
300
Bund
1500
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
3000
90%
1000
100
500
0
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.126 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E1 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
6000
5000
Pressure (Pa)
4000
3
2
y = -0.018x + 3.133x - 181.66x + 5553.1
2
R = 0.9842
3000
2000
1000
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
181
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.127 Series results for configuration identity E2 (h12)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E2(h12)
A
B
C
D
E
5.24
5.17
5.17
5.25
5.13
3.46
3.52
3.49
3.44
3.60
18.2
18.6
18.8
18.4
18.3
0.4
5.25
5.13
5.19
0.05119
3.60
3.44
3.50
0.06261
18.8
18.2
18.5
0.2408
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
421
333
379
343
320
416
216
287
288
350
427
339
468
256
262
282
279
439
417
216
250
240
333
363
393
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01936
0.01908
0.01908
0.01940
0.01892
0.01384
0.01408
0.01396
0.01376
0.01440
0.4169
0.4246
0.4225
0.4150
0.4322
0.01940
0.01892
0.01917
0.00020474
0.01440
0.01376
0.01401
0.00025044
0.4322
0.4150
0.4222
0.0068235
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
427
Table 3.128 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E2 (h12)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E2(h12)
B
300
120
1039
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
782
18
180
54
531
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
782
427
339
468
256
262
664
357
280
421
221
239
6.64
6.05
5.75
9.94
7.26
11.14
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.512
1.004
0.492
3.00
182
Chart 3.127 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E2 (h12)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
500
140
Tank
60%
40%
120
400
100
50%
Pressure (Pa)
70%
80%
80
200
60
40
Bund
100
Fluid depth (mm)
300
20
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.5 0
1.4
-100
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.128 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E2 (h12)
Plot of pressure against % height
900
800
700
600
3
500
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.0027x + 0.3892x - 20.335x + 781.77
2
R = 0.9061
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
-100
-200
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
183
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.129 Series results for configuration identity E2 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E2(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
8.80
8.86
8.98
8.86
8.94
12.16
12.23
12.31
12.38
12.16
19.0
19.2
18.5
18.3
17.8
0.4
8.98
8.80
8.89
0.07155
12.38
12.16
12.25
0.09628
19.2
17.8
18.6
0.5595
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
780
535
1057
858
721
1195
877
1103
976
620
1055
961
976
901
683
1166
896
1106
1028
672
1201
953
1094
953
579
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03360
0.03384
0.03432
0.03384
0.03416
0.04864
0.04892
0.04924
0.04952
0.04864
0.5914
0.5911
0.5893
0.5940
0.5874
0.03432
0.03360
0.03395
0.00028622
0.04952
0.04864
0.04899
0.00038512
0.5940
0.5874
0.5907
0.0024790
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1201
Table 3.130 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E2 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E2(h30)
D
300
300
1039
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1695
62
611
133
1306
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
1695
1201
953
1094
953
579
1401
965
747
947
865
550
5.76
5.10
4.63
7.44
10.79
19.68
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.408
0.814
0.406
3.64
184
Chart 3.129 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E2 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1400
350
Tank
300
1000
30%
800
Pressure (Pa)
250
20%
200
70%
50%
90%
600
150
400
100
Fluid depth (mm)
1200
Bund
200
50
0
0
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
-200
-50
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.130 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E2 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
1800
1600
1400
3
1200
Pressure (Pa)
2
y = -0.0067x + 0.9585x - 44.564x + 1701.3
2
R = 0.9747
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
185
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.131 Series results for configuration identity E2 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E2(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
13.74
13.64
13.65
13.55
13.87
28.23
28.42
28.42
28.53
28.25
18.9
18.4
17.5
17.1
17.0
0.4
13.87
13.55
13.69
0.12104
28.53
28.23
28.37
0.12708
18.9
17.0
17.8
0.8349
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2017
1996
2033
1831
1207
1887
1925
2059
1854
1123
2116
2013
2013
1840
1218
2116
1958
1927
1768
1120
1852
2007
1964
1840
1071
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05336
0.05296
0.05300
0.05260
0.05388
0.11292
0.11368
0.11368
0.11412
0.11300
0.6791
0.6822
0.6820
0.6845
0.6771
0.05388
0.05260
0.05316
0.00048415
0.11412
0.11292
0.11348
0.00050833
0.6845
0.6771
0.6810
0.0028853
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2116
Table 3.132 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E2 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E2(h60)
B
300
600
1039
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2168
168
1648
255
2497
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
2168
2116
2013
2013
1840
1218
1579
1586
1601
1719
1663
1160
3.68
3.99
4.88
6.84
10.42
20.70
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.575
0.949
0.374
3.95
186
Chart 3.131 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E2 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
Tank
600
1800
10%
30%
50%
500
Pressure (Pa)
400
90%
300
Bund
200
800
Fluid depth (mm)
70%
1300
100
300
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-200
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.132 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E2 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -0.0046x + 0.4578x - 14.745x + 2186.6
2
R = 0.9962
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
187
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.133 Series results for configuration identity E3 (h12)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E3(h12)
A
B
C
D
E
5.79
5.76
5.74
5.78
5.75
2.84
2.85
2.89
2.86
2.95
17.3
18.2
17.9
17.6
17.4
0.4
5.79
5.74
5.76
0.02074
2.95
2.84
2.88
0.04438
18.2
17.3
17.7
0.3701
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
387
377
333
216
169
419
218
304
227
169
340
399
373
256
180
427
339
230
248
153
201
374
270
242
167
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02156
0.02144
0.02136
0.02152
0.02140
0.01136
0.01140
0.01156
0.01144
0.01180
0.3451
0.3471
0.3512
0.3471
0.3554
0.02156
0.02136
0.02146
0.00008295
0.01180
0.01136
0.01151
0.00017754
0.3554
0.3451
0.3492
0.0041299
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
427
Table 3.134 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E3 (h12)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E3(h12)
C
300
120
1162
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
782
13
128
41
399
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
782
427
339
230
248
153
664
357
280
183
212
129
6.64
6.05
5.75
4.88
7.01
6.50
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.369
0.973
0.604
2.85
188
Chart 3.133 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E3 (h12)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
500
140
Tank
40%
120
400
100
50%
60%
80
70%
200
60
80%
40
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
300
100
Bund
20
0
0.35
0.55
0.75
0.95
1.15
0
1.35
-100
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.134 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E3 (h12)
Plot of pressure against % height
900
800
700
Pressure (Pa)
600
500
3
2
y = 0.0005x - 0.0312x - 8.7149x + 782.58
2
R = 0.9877
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
189
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.135 Series results for configuration identity E3 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E3(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
10.68
10.75
10.77
10.74
10.78
10.42
10.42
10.38
10.42
10.31
17.7
16.5
17.0
16.3
15.9
0.4
10.78
10.68
10.74
0.03912
10.42
10.31
10.39
0.04796
17.7
15.9
16.7
0.6943
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
965
989
974
818
525
953
890
821
789
516
982
838
1126
846
587
1061
855
945
872
527
1084
797
956
869
514
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04112
0.04140
0.04148
0.04136
0.04152
0.04168
0.04168
0.04152
0.04168
0.04124
0.5034
0.5017
0.5002
0.5019
0.4983
0.04152
0.04112
0.04138
0.00015646
0.04168
0.04124
0.04156
0.00019183
0.5034
0.4983
0.5011
0.0019211
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1084
Table 3.136 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E3 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E3(h30)
D
300
300
1162
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1658
46
456
146
1436
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
1658
1084
797
956
869
514
1364
849
591
809
781
484
5.63
4.61
3.87
6.50
9.85
17.45
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.649
1.120
0.471
3.66
190
Chart 3.135 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E3 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
350
1200
Tank
300
1000
250
20%
30%
50%
600
200
70%
90%
150
400
100
Bund
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
800
200
50
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-200
0
-50
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.136 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E3 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
1800
1600
1400
Pressure (Pa)
1200
3
2
y = -0.0075x + 1.109x - 52.072x + 1667
2
R = 0.9728
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
191
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.137 Series results for configuration identity E3 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E3(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
15.60
15.50
15.61
15.68
15.84
26.34
26.56
26.48
26.39
26.31
17.1
16.3
15.9
15.7
15.6
0.4
15.84
15.50
15.65
0.12602
26.56
26.31
26.42
0.10310
17.1
15.6
16.1
0.6099
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
2445
1961
1815
1606
1142
2221
1783
1916
1673
861
2822
1991
1812
1598
896
2692
1950
1772
1451
923
2567
1925
1959
1678
956
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06080
0.06040
0.06084
0.06112
0.06176
0.10536
0.10624
0.10592
0.10556
0.10524
0.6341
0.6375
0.6352
0.6333
0.6302
0.06176
0.06040
0.06098
0.00050406
0.10624
0.10524
0.10566
0.00041241
0.6375
0.6302
0.6341
0.0026910
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
2822
Table 3.138 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E3 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E3(h60)
B
300
600
1162
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
3238
143
1402
294
2882
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
3238
2822
1991
1812
1598
896
2650
2293
1579
1518
1421
837
5.50
5.33
4.83
6.16
9.05
15.22
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.498
0.924
0.426
4.05
192
Chart 3.137 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E3 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
3000
Tank
600
2500
500
10%
30%
50%
1500
400
70%
300
Bund
1000
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
2000
90%
500
100
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
-500
0
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.138 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E3 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
2500
Pressure (Pa)
3
2
y = -0.0082x + 1.2293x - 70.526x + 3297.4
2
R = 0.9934
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
193
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.139 Series results for configuration identity E4 (h12)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E4(h12)
A
B
C
D
E
6.98
6.86
6.95
6.90
6.93
1.75
1.84
1.81
1.75
1.83
17.7
18.6
18.4
18.0
17.9
0.4
6.98
6.86
6.92
0.04615
1.84
1.75
1.80
0.04336
18.6
17.7
18.1
0.3701
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
169
145
129
135
74
163
232
238
216
74
195
311
250
173
145
203
172
192
167
44
206
172
101
86
55
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02632
0.02584
0.02620
0.02600
0.02612
0.00700
0.00736
0.00724
0.00700
0.00732
0.2101
0.2217
0.2165
0.2121
0.2189
0.02632
0.02584
0.02610
0.00018461
0.00736
0.00700
0.00718
0.00017344
0.2217
0.2101
0.2159
0.0047684
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
206
Table 3.140 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E4 (h12)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E4(h12)
D
300
120
1342
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
344
12
121
37
364
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
344
206
172
101
86
55
226
136
113
53
51
31
2.92
2.92
2.92
2.13
2.45
2.32
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.210
0.953
0.743
2.80
194
Chart 3.139 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E4 (h12)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
250
140
Tank
120
200
100
40%
50%
80
70%
100
60
60%
80%
Bund
40
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
150
50
20
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1.4
-50
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.140 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E4 (h12)
Plot of pressure against % height
400
350
300
Pressure (Pa)
250
200
3
2
y = 0.0009x - 0.111x - 0.2969x + 343.67
2
R = 0.9925
150
100
50
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
195
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.141 Series results for configuration identity E4 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E4(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
12.78
12.85
12.89
13.03
13.02
8.26
8.28
8.34
8.12
8.27
18.5
18.4
18.2
17.4
16.7
0.4
13.03
12.78
12.91
0.10877
8.34
8.12
8.25
0.08112
18.5
16.7
17.8
0.7701
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
1009
931
913
654
322
962
776
882
812
473
997
808
959
731
402
959
797
761
708
298
863
634
695
668
290
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04952
0.04980
0.04996
0.05052
0.05048
0.03304
0.03312
0.03336
0.03248
0.03308
0.4002
0.3994
0.4004
0.3913
0.3959
0.05052
0.04952
0.05006
0.00043506
0.03336
0.03248
0.03302
0.00032447
0.4004
0.3913
0.3974
0.0038726
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1009
Table 3.142 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E4 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E4(h30)
A
300
300
1342
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1163
30
294
157
1540
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
1163
1009
931
913
654
322
869
773
725
766
565
293
3.95
4.28
4.52
6.21
7.40
10.95
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.612
1.155
0.543
3.84
196
Chart 3.141 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E4 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1100
350
Tank
300
900
250
70%
20%
30%
50%
200
Bund
500
150
100
90%
300
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
700
50
100
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-100
-50
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.142 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E4 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
1400
1200
1000
Pressure (Pa)
3
2
y = -0.0021x + 0.2122x - 11.108x + 1160.1
2
R = 0.9908
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
197
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.143 Series results for configuration identity E4 (h60)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
E4(h60)
A
B
C
D
E
18.35
18.37
18.44
18.54
18.47
23.66
23.74
23.90
23.74
23.89
17.6
17.4
16.0
15.6
15.5
0.4
18.54
18.35
18.43
0.07701
23.90
23.66
23.79
0.10479
17.6
15.5
16.4
1.0060
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1974
1652
1760
1460
948
1712
1808
1832
1581
1063
1930
1887
1861
1511
923
1788
1690
1671
1425
852
1808
1794
1832
1555
1054
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.07180
0.07188
0.07216
0.07256
0.07228
0.09464
0.09496
0.09560
0.09496
0.09556
0.5686
0.5692
0.5699
0.5669
0.5694
0.07256
0.07180
0.07214
0.00030803
0.09560
0.09464
0.09514
0.00041914
0.5699
0.5669
0.5688
0.0011587
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1974
Table 3.144 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity E4 (h60)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
E4(h60)
A
300
600
1342
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2134
99
971
274
2692
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
2134
1974
1652
1760
1460
948
1546
1444
1240
1466
1283
889
3.63
3.73
4.01
5.98
8.27
16.10
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.213
0.697
0.484
4.31
198
Chart 3.143 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity E4 (h60)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
700
Tank
600
1500
500
70%
400
1000
90%
300
500
200
Bund
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
10%
30%
50%
100
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.144 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity E4 (h60)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -0.0055x + 0.6696x - 29.212x + 2153.5
2
R = 0.9798
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
199
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.145 Series results for configuration identity F1 (h6)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F1(h6)
A
B
C
D
E
4.77
4.70
4.72
4.73
4.74
3.87
3.93
3.89
3.89
3.96
17.9
18.6
18.7
18.3
18.2
0.4
4.77
4.70
4.73
0.02588
3.96
3.87
3.91
0.03633
18.7
17.9
18.3
0.3209
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
fraction
0.01748
0.01720
0.01728
0.01732
0.01736
0.01548
0.01572
0.01556
0.01556
0.01584
0.4697
0.4775
0.4738
0.4732
0.4771
0.01748
0.01720
0.01733
0.00010354
0.01584
0.01548
0.01563
0.00014533
0.4775
0.4697
0.4743
0.0032077
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
75
150
161
161
151
126
112
Overtopping
Table 3.146 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F1 (h6)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F1(h6)
E
300
120
1407
6
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
Na
13
127
18
174
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
75
90
100
59
53
41
29
15
6
0
161
147
10.96
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.458
1.258
0.800
2.77
200
Chart 3.145 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F1 (h6)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
130
200
Tank
110
150
90
100
70
50
50
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
75%
30
Bund
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5 10
-50
-10
Time (sec)
75% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.146 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F1 (h6)
Plot of pressure against % height
180
160
140
Pressure (Pa)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
201
Dynamic pressure
100
120
Table 3.147 Series results for configuration identity F1 (h15)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F1(h15)
A
B
C
D
E
8.30
8.32
8.34
8.32
8.27
12.79
12.84
12.85
12.87
12.92
18.9
17.8
17.6
17.7
17.2
0.4
8.34
8.27
8.31
0.02646
12.92
12.79
12.85
0.04722
18.9
17.2
17.8
0.6348
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
30
50
70
80
90
853
832
816
721
613
663
882
731
769
522
903
867
890
731
671
696
744
775
917
494
785
797
873
743
597
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03160
0.03168
0.03176
0.03168
0.03148
0.05116
0.05136
0.05140
0.05148
0.05168
0.6182
0.6185
0.6181
0.6190
0.6215
0.03176
0.03148
0.03164
0.00010583
0.05168
0.05116
0.05142
0.00018889
0.6215
0.6181
0.6191
0.0013944
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
903
Table 3.148 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F1 (h15)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F1(h15)
B
300
300
1407
15
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
956
17
169
58
571
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
30
50
70
80
90
100
147
103
74
44
29
15
0
956
903
867
890
731
671
809
800
793
846
702
656
6.50
8.76
11.78
20.17
24.85
45.58
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.116
0.690
0.574
3.86
202
Chart 3.147 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F1 (h15)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
350
Tank
300
800
30%
50%
70%
80%
200
90%
400
150
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
250
200
Bund
50
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1.4
-200
-50
Time (sec)
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
80% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.148 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F1 (h15)
Plot of pressure against % height
1200
1000
3
2
y = -0.0016x + 0.172x - 5.8847x + 956.99
2
R = 0.9191
Pressure (Pa)
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
203
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.149 Series results for configuration identity F1 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F1(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
12.89
12.92
13.04
13.13
13.18
29.12
29.08
29.06
29.06
29.04
17.8
17.4
17.0
16.8
16.6
0.4
13.18
12.89
13.03
0.12677
29.12
29.04
29.07
0.03033
17.8
16.6
17.1
0.4817
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
1847
1633
1555
1726
1430
1859
1663
1795
1761
1110
1862
1714
1654
1681
1341
1737
1882
1511
1742
1194
1698
1506
1552
1566
1257
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04996
0.05008
0.05056
0.05092
0.05112
0.11648
0.11632
0.11624
0.11624
0.11616
0.6998
0.6990
0.6969
0.6954
0.6944
0.05112
0.04996
0.05053
0.00050707
0.11648
0.11616
0.11629
0.00012133
0.6998
0.6944
0.6971
0.0023176
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1862
Table 3.150 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F1 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F1(h30)
B
300
600
1407
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2158
65
640
160
1571
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
2158
1862
1714
1654
1681
1341
1864
1626
1508
1507
1593
1312
7.33
7.91
8.32
11.24
19.04
45.58
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.094
0.604
0.510
4.34
204
Chart 3.149 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F1 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
700
Tank
600
20%
30%
50%
70%
1000
500
400
90%
300
500
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1500
Bund
100
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0
-500
-100
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.150 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F1 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -0.004x + 0.5692x - 27.893x + 2171.7
2
R = 0.978
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
205
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.151 Series results for configuration identity F2 (h6)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F2(h6)
A
B
C
D
E
5.05
5.10
5.15
5.15
5.07
3.60
3.52
3.46
3.49
3.66
17.6
18.1
18.0
17.9
18.0
0.4
5.15
5.05
5.10
0.04561
3.66
3.46
3.55
0.08234
18.1
17.6
17.9
0.1924
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01860
0.01880
0.01900
0.01900
0.01868
0.01440
0.01408
0.01384
0.01396
0.01464
0.4364
0.4282
0.4214
0.4235
0.4394
0.01900
0.01860
0.01882
0.00018243
0.01464
0.01384
0.01418
0.00032936
0.4394
0.4214
0.4298
0.0078476
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
75
68
74
74
12
60
36
fraction
Table 3.152 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F2 (h6)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F2(h6)
E
300
120
1470
6
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
Na
14
135
22
214
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
75
90
100
59
53
41
29
15
6
0
74
59
5.04
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.404
1.269
0.865
2.71
206
Chart 3.151 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F2 (h6)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
80
130
Tank
70
110
60
75%
90
40
70
30
50
20
10
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
50
30
Bund
0
0.3
0.8
1.3
1.8
2.3
10
-10
-20
-10
Time (sec)
75% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.152 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F2 (h6)
Plot of pressure against % height
80
70
60
Pressure (Pa)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
207
Dynamic pressure
100
120
Table 3.153 Series results for configuration identity F2 (h15)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F2(h15)
A
B
C
D
E
8.86
8.89
8.90
8.89
8.94
12.23
12.24
12.28
12.23
12.24
18.7
17.7
17.4
17.6
17.2
0.4
8.94
8.86
8.90
0.02881
12.28
12.23
12.24
0.02074
18.7
17.2
17.7
0.5805
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
30
50
70
80
90
741
751
787
831
662
746
833
685
710
197
858
713
909
809
432
560
965
661
779
85
725
752
773
666
331
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.03384
0.03396
0.03400
0.03396
0.03416
0.04892
0.04896
0.04912
0.04892
0.04896
0.5911
0.5904
0.5910
0.5903
0.5890
0.03416
0.03384
0.03398
0.00011524
0.04912
0.04892
0.04898
0.00008295
0.5911
0.5890
0.5904
0.0008221
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
858
Table 3.154 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F2 (h15)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F2(h15)
B
300
300
1470
15
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1075
16
155
56
550
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
30
50
70
80
90
100
147
103
74
44
29
15
0
1075
858
713
909
809
432
927
754
639
865
780
417
7.30
8.32
9.69
20.59
27.49
29.33
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.031
0.625
0.594
3.94
208
Chart 3.153 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F2 (h15)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
350
Tank
300
800
30%
50%
70%
80%
200
90%
400
150
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
600
250
200
Bund
50
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1.4
-200
-50
Time (sec)
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
80% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.154 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F2 (h15)
Plot of pressure against % height
1200
1000
3
2
y = -0.0059x + 0.7743x - 28.583x + 1088.8
2
R = 0.8292
Pressure (Pa)
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
209
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.155 Series results for configuration identity F2 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F2(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
13.67
13.89
13.87
13.94
13.97
28.31
28.11
28.25
28.18
28.23
18.0
17.2
17.0
16.7
16.6
0.4
13.97
13.67
13.87
0.11756
28.31
28.11
28.22
0.07537
18.0
16.6
17.1
0.5568
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
1732
1558
1547
1678
1009
1850
1382
1453
1631
1242
1703
1505
1597
1821
1135
1788
1507
1603
1700
1049
1716
1441
1333
1478
1195
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05308
0.05396
0.05388
0.05416
0.05428
0.11324
0.11244
0.11300
0.11272
0.11292
0.6809
0.6757
0.6771
0.6755
0.6754
0.05428
0.05308
0.05387
0.00047023
0.11324
0.11244
0.11286
0.00030146
0.6809
0.6754
0.6769
0.0023215
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1850
Table 3.156 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F2 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F2(h30)
E
300
600
1470
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2787
56
552
160
1572
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
2787
1850
1382
1453
1631
1242
2493
1615
1176
1306
1543
1212
9.47
7.86
6.71
9.88
18.47
42.19
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.101
0.648
0.547
4.28
210
Chart 3.155 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F2 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
700
Tank
600
20%
70%
1500
500
50%
400
1000
90%
300
500
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
30%
Bund
100
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0
-500
-100
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.156 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F2 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
3000
2500
3
2
y = -0.0104x + 1.6913x - 85.133x + 2816.2
2
R = 0.9739
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
211
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.157 Series results for configuration identity F3 (h6)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F3(h6)
A
B
C
D
E
6.04
6.07
6.04
6.07
6.05
2.57
2.58
2.60
2.57
2.58
18.1
18.8
18.7
18.4
18.3
0.4
6.07
6.04
6.05
0.01517
2.60
2.57
2.58
0.01225
18.8
18.1
18.5
0.2881
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02256
0.02268
0.02256
0.02268
0.02260
0.01028
0.01032
0.01040
0.01028
0.01032
0.3130
0.3127
0.3155
0.3119
0.3135
0.02268
0.02256
0.02262
0.00006066
0.01040
0.01028
0.01032
0.00004899
0.3155
0.3119
0.3133
0.0013600
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
75
33
45
45
16
29
17
fraction
Table 3.158 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F3 (h6)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F3(h6)
E
300
120
1643
6
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
Na
13
128
17
171
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
75
90
100
59
53
41
29
15
6
0
45
30
3.06
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.551
1.913
1.362
1.97
212
Chart 3.157 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F3 (h6)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
50
130
Tank
110
40
75%
90
70
20
50
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
30
10
30
Bund
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
-10
10
-10
Time (sec)
75% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.158 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F3 (h6)
Plot of pressure against % height
70
60
Pressure (Pa)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
213
Dynamic pressure
100
120
Table 3.159 Series results for configuration identity F3 (h15)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F3(h15)
A
B
C
D
E
10.53
10.56
10.68
10.67
10.69
10.54
10.60
10.55
10.48
10.52
19.7
18.9
18.8
18.5
17.9
0.4
10.69
10.53
10.63
0.07503
10.60
10.48
10.54
0.04382
19.7
17.9
18.8
0.6542
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
30
50
70
80
90
635
620
649
721
337
615
586
665
646
400
775
853
638
656
523
764
644
518
571
387
664
621
594
551
474
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04052
0.04064
0.04112
0.04108
0.04116
0.04216
0.04240
0.04220
0.04192
0.04208
0.5099
0.5106
0.5065
0.5051
0.5055
0.04116
0.04052
0.04090
0.00030013
0.04240
0.04192
0.04215
0.00017527
0.5106
0.5051
0.5075
0.0025654
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
775
Table 3.160 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F3 (h15)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F3(h15)
B
300
300
1643
15
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
657
12
120
53
519
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
30
50
70
80
90
100
147
103
74
44
29
15
0
657
775
853
638
656
523
509
672
780
593
627
508
4.46
7.52
11.60
14.44
22.30
35.55
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.062
0.752
0.690
3.89
214
Chart 3.159 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F3 (h15)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
1000
350
50%
Tank
300
30%
250
80%
70%
600
Pressure (Pa)
200
400
150
90%
100
Fluid depth (mm)
800
200
Bund
50
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1.4
-200
-50
Time (sec)
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
80% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.160 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F3 (h15)
Plot of pressure against % height
900
800
3
2
y = 2E-05x - 0.1099x + 8.3024x + 652.5
2
R = 0.8581
700
Pressure (Pa)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
215
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.161 Series results for configuration identity F3 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F3(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
15.88
16.04
16.11
16.01
16.02
26.10
26.05
25.97
26.11
26.11
18.3
17.9
17.4
17.2
17.1
0.4
16.11
15.88
16.01
0.08349
26.11
25.97
26.07
0.06017
18.3
17.1
17.6
0.5070
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
1684
1505
1554
1330
1011
1734
1539
1664
1507
910
1737
1525
1766
1451
1239
1775
1611
1736
1445
1174
1936
1804
1760
1468
1248
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.06192
0.06256
0.06284
0.06244
0.06248
0.10440
0.10420
0.10388
0.10444
0.10444
0.6277
0.6249
0.6231
0.6258
0.6257
0.06284
0.06192
0.06245
0.00033395
0.10444
0.10388
0.10427
0.00024067
0.6277
0.6231
0.6254
0.0016784
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1936
Table 3.162 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F3 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F3(h30)
D
300
600
1643
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2200
43
423
153
1502
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
2200
1936
1804
1760
1468
1248
1906
1700
1598
1613
1380
1219
7.48
8.22
8.76
11.96
16.63
42.42
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.157
0.760
0.603
4.45
216
Chart 3.161 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F3 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
700
Tank
600
20%
30%
50%
70%
1000
500
400
90%
300
500
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1500
Bund
100
0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
0
-500
-100
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.162 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F3 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -0.0016x + 0.215x - 16.685x + 2194.9
2
R = 0.9848
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
217
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.163 Series results for configuration identity F4 (h6)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F4(h6)
A
B
C
D
E
7.58
7.48
7.62
7.57
7.78
0.98
1.13
1.04
1.03
1.02
19.0
19.5
19.4
19.4
19.3
0.4
7.78
7.48
7.61
0.10991
1.13
0.98
1.04
0.05523
19.5
19.0
19.3
0.1924
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.02872
0.02832
0.02888
0.02868
0.02952
0.00392
0.00452
0.00416
0.00412
0.00408
0.1201
0.1376
0.1259
0.1256
0.1214
0.02952
0.02832
0.02882
0.00043964
0.00452
0.00392
0.00416
0.00022091
0.1376
0.1201
0.1261
0.0069141
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
75
Na
Na
25
25
Na
Na
fraction
Table 3.164 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F4 (h6)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F4(h6)
B
300
120
1879
6
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
Na
12
118
12
118
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
75
90
100
59
53
41
29
15
6
0
25
10
1.68
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.587
2.509
1.922
1.64
218
Chart 3.163 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F4 (h6)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
50
130
110
30
90
75%
20
70
10
50
0
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
Tank
40
30
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
-10
10
Bund
-20
-10
Time (sec)
75% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.164 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F4 (h6)
Plot of pressure against % height
70
60
Pressure (Pa)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
219
Dynamic pressure
100
120
Table 3.165 Series results for configuration identity F4 (h15)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F4(h15)
A
B
C
D
E
13.13
13.11
13.27
13.30
13.19
7.96
8.02
7.88
7.85
8.00
19.2
18.6
18.5
18.3
18.2
0.4
13.30
13.11
13.20
0.08367
8.02
7.85
7.94
0.07430
19.2
18.2
18.6
0.3912
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
30
50
70
80
90
673
627
444
423
417
629
534
544
415
288
734
561
434
451
224
692
619
549
420
205
583
575
531
540
373
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.05092
0.05084
0.05148
0.05160
0.05116
0.03184
0.03208
0.03152
0.03140
0.03200
0.3847
0.3869
0.3798
0.3783
0.3848
0.05160
0.05084
0.05120
0.00033466
0.03208
0.03140
0.03177
0.00029719
0.3869
0.3783
0.3829
0.0036635
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
734
Table 3.166 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F4 (h15)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F4(h15)
B
300
300
1897
15
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
993
10
94
48
471
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
30
50
70
80
90
100
147
103
74
44
29
15
0
993
734
561
434
448
223
846
631
488
390
418
208
6.75
7.13
7.63
9.82
15.21
15.13
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.161
0.972
0.811
3.94
220
Chart 3.165 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F4 (h15)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
800
350
30%
Tank
700
300
50%
600
250
Pressure (Pa)
80%
200
400
70%
150
300
90%
100
Fluid depth (mm)
500
200
50
100
Bund
0
0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
-100
-50
Time (sec)
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
80% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.166 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F4 (h15)
Plot of pressure against % height
1200
1000
800
Pressure (Pa)
3
2
y = -0.0014x + 0.1863x - 14.022x + 997.75
2
R = 0.9745
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
221
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 3.167 Series results for configuration identity F4 (h30)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
F4(h30)
A
B
C
D
E
19.10
19.10
19.12
19.17
19.49
23.01
23.08
23.10
23.14
22.84
17.1
16.0
15.8
15.8
15.8
0.4
19.49
19.10
19.20
0.16682
23.14
22.84
23.03
0.11824
17.1
15.8
16.1
0.5657
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
20
30
50
70
90
1623
1503
1555
1283
1083
1456
1382
1529
1617
820
1773
1434
1549
1490
733
1637
1469
1615
1188
836
1591
1350
1513
1763
792
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.07480
0.07480
0.07488
0.07508
0.07636
0.09204
0.09232
0.09240
0.09256
0.09136
0.5517
0.5524
0.5524
0.5521
0.5447
0.07636
0.07480
0.07518
0.00066729
0.09256
0.09136
0.09214
0.00047295
0.5524
0.5447
0.5507
0.0033357
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1773
Table 3.168 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity F4 (h30)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H
(mm)
Bund radius, r
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
F4(h30)
B
300
600
1897
30
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
2452
25
245
132
1297
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
20
30
50
70
90
100
294
235
206
147
88
29
0
2452
1773
1434
1549
1490
773
2158
1538
1228
1402
1402
744
8.33
7.53
6.96
10.53
16.87
26.27
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.237
0.924
0.687
4.65
222
Chart 3.167 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity F4 (h30)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
700
1800
20%
Tank
1600
600
50%
70%
30%
1400
500
400
1000
90%
300
800
600
200
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1200
Bund
400
100
200
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
-200
-100
Time (sec)
20% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 3.168 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity F4 (h30)
Plot of pressure against % height
3000
2500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
3
2
y = -0.0106x + 1.471x - 65.648x + 2472.2
2
R = 0.9831
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
223
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
APPENDIX 4
224
Table 4.1 Series results for configuration identity Wall 1 (tri)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 1 (tri)
A
B
C
D
E
21.18
21.36
21.38
21.37
21.32
20.87
20.71
20.70
20.71
20.77
20.3
19.9
19.4
19.3
19.2
0.4
21.38
21.18
21.32
0.08258
20.87
20.70
20.75
0.07155
20.3
19.2
19.6
0.4658
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3139
3031
2613
1324
519
3139
2977
2671
1382
464
3081
3113
2499
1353
273
3139
3004
2585
1324
219
3197
3141
2441
1382
328
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08312
0.08384
0.08392
0.08388
0.08368
0.08348
0.08284
0.08280
0.08284
0.08308
0.5011
0.4970
0.4966
0.4969
0.4982
0.08392
0.08312
0.08369
0.00033033
0.08348
0.08280
0.08301
0.00028622
0.5011
0.4966
0.4980
0.0018453
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3197
Table 4.2 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 1 (tri)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 1 (tri)
D
300
600
882
624
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
3226
196
1925
216
2122
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
3226
3197
3141
2441
1382
328
2049
2138
2316
1853
1029
210
2.74
3.02
3.81
4.15
3.91
2.78
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.271
0.474
0.203
3.19
225
Chart 4.1 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 1 (tri)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3500
700
Tank
3000
10%
600
30%
50%
500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
400
70%
1500
300
1000
200
Bund
500
100
90%
0
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
Fluid depth (mm)
2500
0
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.2 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 1 (tri)
Plot of pressure against % height
3500
3000
3
2
y = 0.0035x - 0.8989x + 21.091x + 3172.8
2
R = 0.9974
2500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
-500
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
226
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.3 Series results for configuration identity Wall 2 (squ)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 2 (squ)
A
B
C
D
E
21.81
22.07
22.00
21.65
21.68
20.12
19.95
20.17
20.41
20.51
20.3
19.5
19.2
19.0
19.0
0.4
22.07
21.65
21.84
0.18780
20.51
19.95
20.23
0.22632
20.3
19.0
19.4
0.5431
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3372
3031
2728
2332
1284
3285
2867
2700
2102
1147
3256
2949
2814
2188
1147
3285
3195
2671
2303
1093
3139
2895
2585
2246
1093
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08564
0.08668
0.08640
0.08500
0.08512
0.08048
0.07980
0.08068
0.08164
0.08204
0.4845
0.4793
0.4829
0.4899
0.4908
0.08668
0.08500
0.08577
0.00075121
0.08204
0.07980
0.08093
0.00090527
0.4908
0.4793
0.4855
0.0048315
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3372
Table 4.4 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 2 (squ)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 2 (squ)
A
300
600
624
582
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
3542
156
1528
254
2490
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
3542
3372
3031
2728
2332
1284
2365
2312
2207
2140
1979
1166
3.01
3.18
3.68
4.64
6.60
10.91
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.559
0.868
0.309
1.83
227
Chart 4.3 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 2 (squ)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
3500
700
10%
30%
Tank
3000
600
50%
500
Pressure (Pa)
2000
400
70%
1500
300
90%
1000
200
500
100
Fluid depth (mm)
2500
Bund
0
0
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.4 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 2 (squ)
Plot of pressure against % height
4000
3500
3
2
y = -0.0055x + 0.5395x - 29.017x + 3568.9
2
R = 0.9978
3000
Pressure (Pa)
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
228
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.5 Series results for configuration identity Wall 3 (rect)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 3 (rect)
A
B
C
D
E
22.23
22.14
22.51
22.22
22.42
19.71
19.95
19.63
19.92
19.88
20.6
20.1
19.7
19.3
19.2
0.4
22.51
22.14
22.30
0.15437
19.95
19.63
19.82
0.14025
20.6
19.2
19.8
0.5805
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
3953
3523
3274
2793
2377
3517
3496
3274
2677
1666
3663
3441
3504
2764
1885
3837
3741
3274
2994
2049
3866
3414
3360
2649
1830
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.08732
0.08696
0.08844
0.08728
0.08808
0.07884
0.07980
0.07852
0.07968
0.07952
0.4745
0.4785
0.4703
0.4772
0.4745
0.08844
0.08696
0.08762
0.00061748
0.07980
0.07852
0.07927
0.00056100
0.4785
0.4703
0.4750
0.0031706
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
3953
Table 4.6 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 3 (rect)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 3 (rect)
A
300
600
441
686
120
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
4168
122
1197
128
1259
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
1177
1059
824
589
353
118
0
4168
3953
3523
3274
2793
2377
2991
2894
2699
2685
2439
2259
3.54
3.73
4.28
5.56
7.91
20.19
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.742
1.094
0.352
2.19
229
Chart 4.5 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 3 (rect)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
4000
700
10%
30%
Tank
3500
600
50%
3000
500
70%
Pressure (Pa)
400
90%
2000
300
1500
200
Fluid depth (mm)
2500
1000
Bund
100
500
0
0
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
-500
-100
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.6 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 3 (rect)
Plot of pressure against % height
4500
4000
3
2
y = -0.0013x + 0.1551x - 23.673x + 4167.4
2
R = 0.9969
3500
Pressure (Pa)
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
230
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.7 Series results for configuration identity Wall 4 (tri)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 4 (tri)
A
B
C
D
E
10.80
10.93
10.85
10.83
10.78
10.37
10.24
10.38
10.35
10.39
19.3
19.6
19.3
19.1
18.3
0.4
10.93
10.78
10.84
0.05805
10.39
10.24
10.35
0.06107
19.6
18.3
19.1
0.4919
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1593
1355
1307
947
440
1575
1385
1330
939
459
1564
1368
1278
979
486
1575
1395
1341
973
601
1619
1398
1304
967
415
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04160
0.04212
0.04180
0.04172
0.04152
0.04148
0.04096
0.04152
0.04140
0.04156
0.4993
0.4930
0.4983
0.4981
0.5002
0.04212
0.04152
0.04175
0.00023221
0.04156
0.04096
0.04138
0.00024429
0.5002
0.4930
0.4978
0.0027994
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1619
Table 4.8 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 4 (tri)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 4 (tri)
D
300
300
882
624
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1730
79
774
79
779
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1730
1619
1398
1304
967
415
1141
1089
986
1010
791
356
2.94
3.06
3.39
4.43
5.48
7.05
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.690
0.912
0.222
2.92
231
Chart 4.7 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 4 (tri)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
350
Tank
250
200
1000
70%
150
500
100
90%
Bund
Fluid depth (mm)
1500
Pressure (Pa)
300
10%
30%
50%
50
0
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
0
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.8 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 4 (tri)
Plot of pressure against % height
2000
1800
1600
3
2
y = -0.0031x + 0.2984x - 16.439x + 1736.9
2
R = 0.9978
1400
Pressure (Pa)
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
-200
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
232
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.9 Series results for configuration identity Wall 5 (squ)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 5 (squ)
A
B
C
D
E
10.88
10.81
10.82
10.84
10.78
10.34
10.39
10.40
10.38
10.38
19.3
19.6
19.4
19.2
19.2
0.4
10.88
10.78
10.83
0.03715
10.40
10.34
10.38
0.02280
19.6
19.2
19.3
0.1673
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1764
1521
1341
1198
587
1587
1305
1200
959
453
1762
1382
1338
1175
634
1651
1324
1246
858
574
1692
1316
1321
990
620
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04192
0.04164
0.04168
0.04176
0.04152
0.04136
0.04156
0.04160
0.04152
0.04152
0.4966
0.4995
0.4995
0.4986
0.5000
0.04192
0.04152
0.04170
0.00014859
0.04160
0.04136
0.04151
0.00009121
0.5000
0.4966
0.4988
0.0013414
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1764
Table 4.10 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 5 (squ)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 5 (squ)
A
300
300
624
582
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1886
61
599
99
967
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1886
1764
1521
1341
1198
587
1297
1235
1109
1047
1021
528
3.20
3.33
3.69
4.56
6.78
9.98
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.156
0.485
0.329
1.72
233
Chart 4.9 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 5 (squ)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
350
10%
30%
Pressure (Pa)
1500
300
50%
70%
250
200
1000
150
90%
500
100
Fluid depth (mm)
Tank
Bund
50
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
0
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.10 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 5 (squ)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = -0.004x + 0.4489x - 22.949x + 1911.5
2
R = 0.9931
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
234
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.11 Series results for configuration identity Wall 6 (rect)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 6 (rect)
A
B
C
D
E
11.32
11.38
11.43
11.36
11.42
9.80
9.79
9.82
9.85
9.79
19.5
19.8
19.5
19.4
19.1
0.4
11.43
11.32
11.38
0.04494
9.85
9.79
9.81
0.02550
19.8
19.1
19.5
0.2510
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
10
30
50
70
90
1901
1710
1493
1471
1374
1532
1385
1513
1209
1044
1732
1677
1485
1339
915
1866
1652
1401
1324
781
1575
1499
1468
1313
1068
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.04368
0.04392
0.04412
0.04384
0.04408
0.03920
0.03916
0.03928
0.03940
0.03916
0.4730
0.4714
0.4710
0.4733
0.4704
0.04412
0.04368
0.04393
0.00017978
0.03940
0.03916
0.03924
0.00010198
0.4733
0.4704
0.4718
0.0012663
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
1901
Table 4.12 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 6 (rect)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 6 (rect)
A
300
300
441
686
60
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
1997
43
421
62
607
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
589
530
412
294
177
59
0
1997
1901
1710
1493
1471
1374
1408
1371
1298
1199
1295
1315
3.39
3.59
4.15
5.07
8.33
23.35
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.200
0.581
0.381
2.03
235
Chart 4.11 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 6 (rect)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
2000
350
10%
Tank
300
30%
50%
70%
250
200
1000
90%
150
500
100
Bund
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
1500
50
0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
0
-500
-50
Time (sec)
10% from base
30% from base
50% from base
70% from base
90% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.12 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 6 (rect)
Plot of pressure against % height
2500
2000
3
2
Pressure (Pa)
y = 6E-05x + 0.0529x - 12.128x + 2006.1
2
R = 0.9875
1500
1000
500
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
236
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.13 Series results for configuration identity Wall 7 (tri)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 7 (tri)
A
B
C
D
E
4.14
4.14
4.15
4.13
4.13
4.52
4.51
4.52
4.59
4.54
19.1
19.2
19.3
19.5
19.6
0.4
4.15
4.13
4.14
0.00837
4.59
4.51
4.54
0.03209
19.6
19.1
19.3
0.2074
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
295
381
355
335
325
296
401
299
417
318
263
433
369
363
307
456
470
379
374
303
257
396
337
449
249
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01496
0.01496
0.01500
0.01492
0.01492
0.01808
0.01804
0.01808
0.01836
0.01816
0.5472
0.5467
0.5466
0.5517
0.5490
0.01500
0.01492
0.01495
0.00003347
0.01836
0.01804
0.01814
0.00012837
0.5517
0.5466
0.5482
0.0021653
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
456
Table 4.14 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 7 (tri)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 7 (tri)
C
300
120
1247
882
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
403
13
126
19
189
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
403
456
470
379
374
303
285
386
411
332
339
280
3.42
6.46
7.98
8.05
10.60
12.88
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.196
0.613
0.417
2.79
237
Chart 4.13 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 7 (tri)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
500
140
50%
Tank
120
60%
40%
400
100
70%
Pressure (Pa)
80
80%
200
60
40
Fluid depth (mm)
300
100
Bund
20
0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.5 0
1.3
-100
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.14 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 7 (tri)
Plot of pressure against % height
500
450
3
2
y = 0.0003x - 0.1016x + 5.2235x + 402.77
2
R = 0.903
400
Pressure (Pa)
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
238
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.15 Series results for configuration identity Wall 8 (squ)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 8 (squ)
A
B
C
D
E
4.36
4.42
4.42
4.43
4.48
4.33
4.26
4.29
4.27
4.26
19.9
20.1
20.0
20.0
19.9
0.4
4.48
4.36
4.42
0.04266
4.33
4.26
4.28
0.02950
20.1
19.9
20.0
0.0837
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
265
115
171
89
78
158
178
353
55
55
307
180
215
43
82
238
138
481
95
85
161
182
294
88
85
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01584
0.01608
0.01608
0.01612
0.01632
0.01732
0.01704
0.01716
0.01708
0.01704
0.5223
0.5145
0.5162
0.5145
0.5108
0.01632
0.01584
0.01609
0.00017065
0.01732
0.01704
0.01713
0.00011798
0.5223
0.5108
0.5157
0.0042177
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
307
Table 4.16 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 8 (squ)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 8 (squ)
B
300
120
882
947
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
812
9
89
28
272
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
812
307
180
215
43
82
695
236
121
168
8
58
6.90
4.34
3.06
4.57
1.22
3.48
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.131
0.769
0.638
2.03
239
Chart 4.15 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 8 (squ)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
400
140
350
120
Tank
300
60%
200
50%
80
150
60
80%
100
40
Fluid depth (mm)
Pressure (Pa)
100
40%
250
Bund
50
70%
20
0
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
0
-50
-100
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.16 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 8 (squ)
Plot of pressure against % height
900
800
700
Pressure (Pa)
600
3
2
y = 0.0001x + 0.068x - 15.712x + 812.09
2
R = 0.9769
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
240
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
Table 4.17 Series results for configuration identity Wall 9 (rect)
Configuration
series
M bund
M slosh
temp
M bund correction
identity
identity
(kg)
(kg)
(°C)
(kg)
Wall 9 (rect)
A
B
C
D
E
4.25
4.25
4.29
4.29
4.31
4.46
4.43
4.37
4.38
4.36
19.7
19.8
19.5
19.5
19.5
0.4
4.31
4.25
4.28
0.02683
4.46
4.36
4.40
0.04301
19.8
19.5
19.6
0.1414
Max
Min
Mean
Sample sd
Height from base
(%)
Series dynamic pressures (Pa)
A
B
C
D
E
40
50
60
70
80
145
225
395
385
321
Na
Na
Na
Na
Na
246
164
327
337
432
119
145
258
294
298
259
161
243
363
231
V bund
3
(m )
V slosh
3
(m )
Overtopping
0.01540
0.01540
0.01556
0.01556
0.01564
0.01784
0.01772
0.01748
0.01752
0.01744
0.5367
0.5350
0.5291
0.5296
0.5272
0.01564
0.01540
0.01551
0.00010733
0.01784
0.01744
0.01760
0.00017205
0.5367
0.5272
0.5315
0.0041051
fraction
Max dynamic pressure
(Pa)
259
Table 4.18 Worst-case dynamic pressures for configuration identity Wall 9 (rect)
Configuration
identity
Test Series
identity
Tank radius, R
(mm)
Tank fluid depth, H Multiple of length, y
(mm)
(mm)
Bund diagonal, d
(mm)
Bund height, h
(mm)
Wall 9 (rect)
D
300
120
624
1095
12
Estimated dynamic
base pressure
(Pa)
Estimated Wave
intercept height
(mm)
Equivalent wave
intercept pressure
(Pa)
Max integral
wave height
(mm)
Equivalent integral
wave pressure
(Pa)
649
8
83
8
83
Height from
base
(%)
Static
pressure
(Pa)
Dynamic
pressure
(Pa)
Local
difference
(Pa)
Local
dynamic/static
ratio
0
40
50
60
70
80
100
118
71
59
47
35
24
0
649
259
161
243
363
231
531
188
102
196
327
207
5.51
3.66
2.74
5.15
10.27
9.80
Release time
(sec)
Impact time
(sec)
Time taken
(sec)
Impact Velocity
(m/s)
0.098
0.855
0.757
2.10
241
Chart 4.17 Plot of dynamic pressures and wave heights for
configuration identity Wall 9 (rect)
Plot of pressure & fluid depth against time
500
140
Tank
60%
80%
120
400
100
70%
Pressure (Pa)
80
40%
200
60
50%
40
Fluid depth (mm)
300
100
20
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1.4
Bund
-100
-20
Time (sec)
40% from base
50% from base
60% from base
70% from base
80% from base
Tank depth
Bund depth
Chart 4.18 Plot of static and dynamic pressures for
configuration identity Wall 9 (rect)
Plot of pressure against % height
700
600
Pressure (Pa)
500
400
3
2
y = -0.0039x + 0.6248x - 29.83x + 651.39
2
R = 0.8982
300
200
100
0
0
20
40
60
80
Height (%)
Static pressure
Dynamic pressure
242
Poly. (Dynamic pressure)
100
120
REFERENCES
1.)
Cassie S. and Seale L. (2003), “Chemical Storage Tank Systems – Good Practice.”
CIRIA, C598, ISBN 0 86017 598 7, London.
2.)
Churchill Controls (1983), “Wave Monitor Manual.” Churchill Controls Ltd.
3.)
Clark S.O., Deaves D.M., Lines I.G. and Henson L.C. (2001), “Effects of
Secondary Containment on Source Term Modelling.” HSE Books, ISBN 0 7176
1955 9, Norwich.
4.)
Greenspan H.P. and Johansson A.V. (1981), “An Experimental study of Flow Over
an Impounding Dike.” Studies in Applied Mathematics, 64: 211-233
5.)
Greenspan H.P. and Young R.E. (1978), “Flow over a Containment dyke.” J. Fluid
Mech., vol. 87, part 1, 179-192.
6.)
HSE (2002), Agreement No D4501.
7.)
HSE (2000), “Secondary Containment” Technical Measures document.
8.)
HSE (2002), Contract Research Report 405/2002, “A Series of Experiments to
Study the Spreading of Liquid Pools with Different Bund Arrangements.” Prepared
for the Health and Safety Executive by Advantica Technologies Ltd.
9.)
Kistler (2003), “Universal Pressure Transducers.” Kistler Instruments Ltd.
10.)
Sutcliffe R.B. (date unknown), “How to Survive a Bund Inspection.”
Environmental Efficiency Consultants, Ireland.
11.)
Trbojevic V.M. and Slater D. (1989), “Tank Failure Modes and Their
Consequences.” Plant/Operations Progress (vol. 8. No 2).
12.)
Thyer A.M., Hirst I.L. and Jagger S.F. (2002), “Bund Overtopping – the
consequence of catastrophic tank failure.” Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process
Industries, Elsevier.
13.)
Thyer A.M. and MacMillan A.J.R. (1998), “Bund Overtopping Data Correlation.”
Health and Safety Laboratories, Buxton.
14.)
Thyer A.M. and Jagger S.F. (1997), “A Review of Data and Models Available for
Estimating the Extent of Bund Overtopping.” Health and Safety Laboratories,
Buxton.
15.)
United States Environmental Protection Agency (1997), “Catastrophic Failure of
Storage Tanks.” Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
16.)
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2001), “Rupture Hazard from
Liquid Storage Tanks.” Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
243
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.)
Michels H.J., Richardson S.M. and Sharifi T. (1998), ‘Catastrophic Failure of
Storage Tanks.’’ I CHEM. E. symposium series No 110.
2.)
Ashland Oil Tank Rupture 1988,
http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/pa_env-her/ashland.htm
3.)
Bunding and Spill Management,
http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/mao/bundingspill.htm
4.)
EPA 080/03 guideline (2003), Bunding and Spill Management,
http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/mao/bundingspill.htm
5.)
Geyer W. (2003), ‘Secondary Containment Options Tanks.’’ Steel Tank Institute,
http://www.steeltank.com/library/pubs/secondary.html
244
GLOSSARY
Terms
Mbund
Mslosh
Vbund
Vslosh
Vcap
Vrel
Dynbase
Statbase
Dyn/Statbase
R
r
H
h
L
Q
Qf
QC
QH
θ
tri
squ
rect
y
d
rc
z
Mass of fluid retained by bund
Mass of fluid overtopping bund
Volume of fluid retained by bund
Volume of fluid overtopping bund
Capacity of bund
Volume released from tank
Dynamic pressure at base of bund
Static pressure at base of bund
Ratio of dynamic and static pressures at the base of the bund
Radius of tank
Radius of bund
Tank height
Bund height
Tank to bund separation
Experimental overtopping fraction
Predicted overtopping fraction using curve fit to experimental data
Predicted overtopping fraction using Clark curve fit
Predicted overtopping fraction using Hirst curve fit
Angle of bund inclination
Triangular plan
Square plan
Rectangular plan
Rectangular bund geometry multiple of length
Rectangular bund geometry diagonal length measured from tank
Rectangular bund geometry corner radius
Separation distance from tank to rectangular bund along multiple of length
Units
m
hrs
mins
s/secs
Pa
N
g
l
V
psi
rpm
%
º
ºC
Metres
Hours
Minutes
Seconds
Pascals
Newtons
Grammes
Litres
Volts
Pounds per Square Inch
Revolutions per Minute
Percentage
Degrees (angular)
Degrees Centigrade, or Degrees Celsius
245
Multiplier prefixes
G
M
k
c
m
µ
n
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Centi
Milli
Micro
Nano
x109
x106
x103
x10-2
x10-3
x10-6
x10-9
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
246
Printed and published by the Health and Safety Executive
C30 1/98
Printed and published by the Health and Safety Executive
C1.10
03/05
ISBN 0-7176-2988-0
RR 333
£25.00
9 78071 7 629886
An experimental investigation of bund wall overtopping and dynamic pressures on the bund wall following
catastrophic failure of a storage vessel
HSE BOOKS