The French NPPs’ 4 Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives th

The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety
Review and the LTO Perspectives
Pierre-Franck CHEVET
NPP PSRs in France
Chairman
Autorité de sûreté nucléaire (ASN)
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
March 8, 2016
1
French NPP fleet
 Standardized fleet:
• 58 PWRs (+1)
• 1 vendor
• 1 licensee
 1979  1990: ¾th of the fleet
built
 Fleet age:
• French fleet average age
NPP PSRs in France
• 30 years (1st criticality)
• 28 years (connection to the grid)
• NPP average age (1st criticality)
• 900 MWe: 34 reactors33 years
• 1300 MWe: 20 reactors27 years
• 1450 MWe: 4 reactors17 years
• Oldest reactor: 38 years old
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The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
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Regulatory framework (1/2)
 Regulatory framework in France:
• The operator is responsible for the safety of its installation
• No legal time limit for service operation of a nuclear
installation
• Every 10 years: a mandatory periodic safety review
(PSR)
• Continuous supervision performed by the regulator (ASN)
NPP PSRs in France
If serious and immediate hazard: ASN can stop
the installation at any time
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1
Regulatory framework (2/2)
 PSR in France: the Process
 3 main goals:
•
•
•
Operate a conformity check with current safety requirements
Check the ageing management programs
Improve the safety of the installation with regards to the new
safety objectives: currently Gen. 3+ (EPR type) objectives.
 A two-step process:
NPP PSRs in France
•
•
A generic step addressing generic questions relevant to a
category of reactors (900 MWe, 1300 MWe…).
A specific review for each reactor
 4th PSR of 900 MWe reactors (2019-2030)
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
March 8, 2016
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Sequence of an NPP PSR in France
For NPPs, the PSR process is connected to the 10-yearly long outage
GENERIC
ORIENTATION
Topics selection:
1) Conformity check &
ageing management
2) Safety reassessment
PSR GENERIC STUDIES
PSR CONCLUSIONS IMPLEMENTATION
REACTOR BY REACTOR
DURING 10-YEAR OUTAGE
1) Generic conformity checking by the licensee + Review based on
IRSN analysis
2) Generic safety reassessment by the licensee + Review based on
IRSN analysis and experts committee opinion
~ 5 years
~ 1 year
Reactor A
ORIENTATION
DOCUMENT
Proposition of
PSR programme
by the licensee
GENERIC SUFFICIENCY REPORT
File from the licensee synthesizing PSR generic
studies and explaining:
1) Considered modifications to enhance safety
2) Detailed programme of the conformity check
ASN POSITION
ASN decides on generic studies
sufficiency of:
ASN POSITION
NPP PSRs in France
ASN gives its opinion on PSR
programme after consulting
IRSN and/or GPR
Orientation Experts Committee
1) Safety
reassessment
and
modifications considered by the
licensee for this purpose
2) Conformity checking & ageing
management programme
Issuance of PSR conclusion
report of reactor A
6 months after the restart
following its 10-year outage
(connection to the grid)
ASN RESOLUTION
AGEING
Definition of the ageing
management programme
10-year outage
PSR CONCLUSION REPORT
OF REACTOR A
Conclusive Experts Committee
AGEING
Reactor B
10-year outage
Integration of results of
the controls related to the
ageing management
programme
ASN transmits its analysis to the
Minister on the sufficiency of
reactor A PSR, especially on
considered modifications and
correction of potential detected
deviations. ASN decides on
capability for continuation of
operation for reactor A.
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
Operation beyond 40 years
 French NPPs initially designed for a 40-year operating
period
 EDF wishes to « extend the service operation significantly beyond
40 years »
 10-year safety reviews  continuous safety improvement, and
safety level homogenisation across NPP fleet
NPP PSRs in France
 In the coming years
 GEN III reactor(s) to be commissioned with significant safety
improvement achieved compared to reactors currently in operation
(especially concerning potential radioactive releases from
accidents with core melt).
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The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
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2
NPP PSRs in France
How to accept continued
operation of existing reactors
after their PSRs, given that new
designs comply with more
stringent safety objectives?
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
March 8, 2016
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EDF project
Extension of operation duration
GP
« extension
of operation »
Principles
Generic
Programme

GP
« Orientation
4th 900 PSR »
DOR
GPR
Pre-orientation 4th PSR
06/2010
NPP PSRs in France
01/2009
Pre-orientation
of 4th PSR
09/2011
01/2012
GPR
Orientation 4th 900 PSR
06/2013
04/2015
10/2013
 Situation of the installation (conformity/ageing)
Directly related with continued operation
 Safety reevaluation objective
Objective defined in relation with:
• State of knowledge
• Comparision with the most recent safety standards
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The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
Main ASN positions for pre-orientation of
4th 900 PSR & 4th1300 PSR
900/1300 4th PSR
State of the installation
Conformity
NPP PSRs in France
 Enhanced propositions
for scope of on-site
verifications
Correction of anomalies
and deviations during 4th
PSR at the latest
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Safety reevaluation
Ageing & Obsolescence
Improve knowledge of ageing
mechanisms
 Mechanical behaviour of RPV:
conservative and deterministic
mehods
 Exceptional
more visibility
maintenance:
 Safety objectives
New reactors Nov. 2010
Directive
2014/87/Euratom
July 2014
 3 main topics:
- limitations
of
radiological
consequences
for
design
accidents
- prevention & limitation of
consequences
for
severe
accidents
- safety of storing of spent fuel
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
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3
Schedule for 4th 900 PSR
GENERIC
ORIENTATION
PSR GENERIC STUDIES
Topics selection:
1) Conformity check &
ageing management
2) Safety reassessment
~ 1,5 year
1) Generic conformity checking by the licensee + Review based
on IRSN analysis
2) Generic safety reassessment by the licensee + Review based
on IRSN analysis and experts committee opinion
PSR CONCLUSIONS IMPLEMENTATION
REACTOR BY REACTOR
DURING 10-YEAR OUTAGE
~ 12 years
~ 4 years
TRICASTIN 1
10-year outage
ASN
RESOLUTION
NPP PSRs in France
PSR REPORT
Reactor B
10-year outage
34 PSR Reports
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The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
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Conclusions
 ASN exercises a continuous oversight of the nuclear installations
 Periodic safety reviews (PSRs) are a major step in the process of the
reactors’ continued operation
 Safe operation of a plant requires the continuous reassessment of its
safety through PSRs
 The PSR, while addressing technical issues, should also be an
opportunity to implement transparency, especially in the perspective
of continued operation beyond 40 years
NPP PSRs in France
 Main issues in view of continued operation beyond 40 years:
 Strengthening & maintaining the installation conformity, including
managing ageing phenomena
 Achieving an ambitious safety level increase, by taking as reference
the safety objectives defined for new reactors (e.g. EPR)
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The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
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Thank you for your attention
NPP PSRs in France
Any question?
March 8, 2016
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
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NPP PSRs in France
The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO Perspectives
March 8, 2016
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A brief history of NPP PSRs
3rd 900 PSR: 6 years
2nd 900 PSR: 12 years (15 including CP0)
Initiation
PSR2 CP0 (1987)
Start
PSR2 CPY
OrientationsGP PSR2
PSR2 900
CP0 GP PSR2 900
#1, 2, 3
TTS TTS
CPY CP0
Initiation
GP PSR3 900
PSR3 900
#1, 2, 3
Orientations
PSR3 900
Conclusive
GP PSR2 900
SR
ECOT
4th 900 PSR
PSR4 900
Initiation
Conclusive
GP PSR3
900
PSR4 900
Orientation
TTS
ECOT PSR2 900
ECOT PSR3 900
2nd 1300 PSR: 8 years
Initiation
PSR2 1300
Orientations
PSR2 1300
3rd 1300 PSR
Conclusive
GP PSR3 1300
GP PSR3 1300
Orientations #1, 2
PSR3 1300
Conclusive
GP PSR2 1300
GP PSR2 1300 RDS, ECOT
#1, 2
TTS
Initiation
PSR3 1300
ECOT PSR2 1300
TSN Act
NPP PSRs in France
1990
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
2000
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
PSR1 N4
TTS
TTS: implementation of modifications on the first unit out of a standardized fleet
ECOT: reactor conformity checking
PSR: long lasting outage every 10 years
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The French NPPs’ 4th Periodic Safety Review and the LTO
Perspectives
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10
11
12
13
14 15
PSR2 N4
Orientations
PSR2 N4
14
5