Document 1875559

Sustainability Initiatives
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FAIRFAX COUNTY
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
Sharon Bulova, Chairman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . At-Large
Penelope A. Gross, Vice-Chairman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mason District
John C. Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Braddock District
John W. Foust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dranesville District
Catherine M. Hudgins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hunter Mill District
Jeffrey C. McKay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lee District
Gerald W. Hyland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mount Vernon District
Linda Q. Smyth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Providence District
Patrick Herrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Springfield District
Michael R. Frey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sully District
Edward L. Long Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . County Executive
Patricia Harrison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deputy County Executive
David J. Molchany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deputy County Executive
David M. Rohrer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deputy County Executive
Robert A. Stalzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deputy County Executive
Joseph M. Mondoro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chief Financial Officer
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TABLE OF
CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Section 1: Fairfax County Government: An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.2
Fairfax County Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2.1 County Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2.2 Cities and Towns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2.3 Boards, Authorities, and Commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2.4 Other Authorities and Commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
16
19
19
22
1.3
Energy and Environment Agencies and Business Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3.1 Department of Public Works and Environmental Services . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3.2 Other County Departments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.4
Interagency Collaboration and Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.4.1 Internal Collaboration and Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.4.2 Regional Collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.5
Partner Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Section 2: Regulatory, Policy and Strategic Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.2
Policies Adopted by the Board of Supervisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.1 Priorities and Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.2 Environmental Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.3 Cool Counties Climate Stabilization Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.4 Energy Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.5 Comprehensive Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.6 Tree Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.7 Solid Waste Management Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.8 Sustainable Development Policy for Capital Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.2.9 Fairfax County Park Authority Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
31
32
33
34
35
37
37
38
38
2.3
Ordinances Adopted by the Board of Supervisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.4
Funding Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.4.1 Funds Used for Environmental Efforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.4.2 Environmental Improvement Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Section 3: Promoting a Sustainable Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2
Growth and Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2.1 Zoning and Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.2.2 Transit-Oriented Mixed-Use Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.2.3 Revitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.2.4 Green Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
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3.3
Air Quality and Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3.1 Air Quality Planning in the Washington Metropolitan Region . . . . . . .
3.3.2 Transportation Planning in the Washington Metropolitan Region . . .
3.3.3 Washington Metropolitan Air Quality Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3.4 Fairfax County Transportation Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53
54
55
56
56
3.4
Water Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.1 Stormwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.2 Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4.3 Water Supply Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57
58
60
62
3.5
Parks and Ecological Resource Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.1 Open Space in Fairfax County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.2 Natural Resource Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.3 Policy and Regulatory Mechanisms for Protecting
Natural Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.3.A Chesapeake Bay Preservation Ordinance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.3.B Floodplain Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.3.C Wetlands Zoning Ordinance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.5.3.D Comprehensive Plan Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
64
66
67
67
68
69
69
3.6
Trees and Tree Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
3.6.1 Urban Forest Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
3.6.2 Tree Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.7
Solid Waste Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.7.1 Recycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.7.2 Solid Waste Management Plan Green Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.8
Community Outreach, Education and Stewardship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.8.1 Community Stewardship Opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.8.2 Presentations and Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.9
Environmental Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.10 Noise, Light Pollution and Visual Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.10.1 Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.10.2 Light Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.10.3 Visual Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
82
83
84
Section 4: Promoting Sustainable County Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.2
Building Design and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.2.1 Green Building Policy for County Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.2.2 Green Roofs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.3
Purchasing and Supply Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.3.1 Green Purchasing Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.3.2 Surplus Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
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4.4
4.5
Facilities and Site Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4.4.1 Energy Efficiency Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.4.2 Energy Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Information Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.5.1 Information Technology Energy Efficiency Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.6
Waste Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.6.1 Landfill Gas Recovery and Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.6.2 Waste-to-Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.6.3 Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.7
Vehicle Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.7.1 Hybrid and Electric Fleet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.7.2 Other Vehicle Services Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.8
Fairfax Employees for Environmental Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.9 Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Section 5: Environmental Improvement Program: Objectives and
Funded Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 Fiscal Year 2016 Environmental Improvement Program Projects . . . . . . . . .
5.3.1 The EIP Projects Selection Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3.2 Fiscal Year 2014 Carryover Review & Fiscal Year 2016 Funding
and Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.4
97
97
99
100
104
109
109
109
110
110
111
Environmental Improvement Program Delivered Projects History . . . . . . . . 115
Section 6: Awards and Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
6.1 Selected Awards and Recognitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Appendix I: How to Report Environmental Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
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PREFACE
Fairfax County Sustainability Initiatives (FCSI) provides an overview of
many of the projects and programs carried out by Fairfax County and its
partners in support of the Energy and Environmental goals and policies of
the Board of Supervisors (board).
Specifically, FCSI is intended for an audience interested in learning about
what Fairfax County is doing to promote sustainability and protect the
environment, consolidated into a single go-to resource. Although the
FCSI is accessible to the general public and formatted with clear text
and engaging images, it is not a simple brochure intended for the casual
reader, but for those with a stronger, more specific interest. It is a
resource for students conducting research, environmental organizations
and their members, and as a reference guide for county staff, residents
and businesses.
FCSI would not have been possible without the tireless efforts of the many
highly dedicated professionals who contributed to the development of
this document. I would like to especially thank Susan Hafeli, Noel Kaplan,
John Stokely, Linda Boone and Brian Schoester of Fairfax County. I would
also like to thank the Northern Virginia Soil and Water Conservation
District for its assistance and support.
We wish to also thank Deputy County Executive, David J. Molchany for his
direction, encouragement and support.
It is our hope that the Fairfax County Sustainability Initiatives report will
clearly demonstrate the board’s leadership and support for promoting
sustainability in the county.
This report represents only one aspect of the county’s Environmental
Improvement Program, which also consists of a projects funding process
and an energy strategy with goals and actions that is currently a work in
progress. I hope that you will take up the challenge and work with us to
further develop the county’s sustainability initiatives.
Kambiz Agazi, Ph.D., P.E.
Environmental & Energy Coordinator
Fairfax County, Virginia
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INTRODUCTION
Environmental quality is essential for everyone living and working in
Fairfax County. A healthy environment enhances quality of life and
preserves the vitality that makes Fairfax County a special place to live
and work.
In 2004, the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors (board) adopted its
Environmental Agenda, entitled Environmental Excellence for Fairfax
County: A 20-year Vision. The Environmental Agenda affirms that, in
Fairfax County, environmental stewardship and prudent management of
natural resources are not merely “add-ons,” or afterthoughts, but rather are
essential and fundamental responsibilities of local government that must
be given fullest consideration at all times. The Environmental Agenda,
which was revised in 2007, is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/
environment/eip/bos_environmental_agenda.pdf.
Achieving the goals articulated in the board’s Environmental Agenda
requires cooperation and coordination between county residents and
government leadership and agencies.
This document, Fairfax County Sustainability Initiatives, provides an
overview of many of the projects and programs carried out by Fairfax
County and its partners in support of the board’s Environmental Agenda.
Environmental stewardship is both
a key responsibility and a critical
Section 1 describes the county government structure, particularly as it
relates to sustainability initiatives.
legacy of any elected public body.
The county has a responsibility to
help citizens respect and manage
Section 2 summarizes the strategic, policy and regulatory framework that
guides the sustainability efforts of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors
and county staff.
our finite natural resources. Ideally,
citizens, communities, governments
and private entities will learn to
make informed decisions that
Section 3 describes sustainability activities with a community-wide impact.
Section 4 highlights a number of innovative and successful efforts to
implement environmental and energy goals for county facilities and
operations.
will conserve and improve our
environment and minimize impacts
on our ecosystems. The county
also has a responsibility to be an
environmental steward through
its operational practices. We have
made great strides…, but we can
Section 5 identifies those projects and programs that receive funding
set aside by the Board of Supervisors for the county’s Environmental
Improvement Program.
and must do more.
Board of Supervisors’
Environmental Agenda (2004)
Section 6 lists a number of the sustainability awards and recognitions
received by the county over the last decade.
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SECTION 1
FAIRFAX COUNTY GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
FAIRFAX COUNTY GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
Featured in this Section
1.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.2 Fairfax County Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2.1 County Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2.2 Cities and Towns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.2.3 Boards, Authorities, and Commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.2.4 Other Authorities and Commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3 Energy and Environment Agencies and Business Areas . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3.1 Department of Public Works and Environmental Services . . . . . 22
1.3.2 Other County Departments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.4 Interagency Collaboration and Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
1.4.1 Internal Collaboration and Coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
1.4.2 Regional Collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
1.5 Partner Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
SECTION 1
1.1 Introduction
Fairfax County is a diverse and growing community. It is home to over
1.1 million residents, almost double its 1980 population. Over a third of
the county’s residents speak a language other than English at home, and
nearly 60 percent are college graduates. The county has a total land area
of 395 square miles, a fiscal year 2016 (July 1, 2015 through June 30, 2016)
adopted budget of $7 billion, including the General Fund and appropriated
funds such as state and federal grants, and a 2013 median household
income of $111,100. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/demogrph/gendemo.htm.
The county is governed by the elected Fairfax County Board of Supervisors
(board). The board engages residents and businesses, protects investment
in the county’s most critical priorities and maintains strong responsible
fiscal stewardship to ensure:
❚ A quality educational system.
❚ Safe streets and neighborhoods.
❚ A clean, sustainable environment.
❚ Livable, caring and affordable communities.
❚ A vibrant economy.
❚ An efficient transportation network.
❚ Recreational and cultural opportunities.
❚ Affordable taxes.
To ensure the third priority – a clean, sustainable environment – Fairfax
County has pledged to “continue to protect our drinking water, air quality,
stream valleys and tree canopy through responsible environmental
regulations and practices. We will continue to take a lead in initiatives to
address energy efficiency and sustainability and to preserve and protect
open space for our residents to enjoy.” See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
government/board/priorities/.
Advancing the board’s priorities requires the coordinated efforts of many
actors working within the governance structure provided by state law. This
section describes the county’s governance structure and briefly discusses
the roles of key agencies and partners working on behalf of a clean,
sustainable Fairfax County.
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FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
Supervisor Districts in Fairfax County
1.2 Fairfax County Government
1.2.1 County Governance
DRANESVILLE
The Fairfax County government is organized under the Urban County
Executive form of government as defined in the Code of Virginia. The
county’s governing body is the Board of Supervisors.
GEORGE
TO
WN
Town of
Herndon
1801 Cameron Glen Drive
E
LE
Dulles
Airport
PIK
E
KW
Y
OU
NT
YP
FAIRFA
XC
495
EM
OR
IAL
HW
Y
66
LE
66
LITTLE
RIVE
Supervisor Districts in Fairfax County
395
495
95
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The Board of Supervisors
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chairman.
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Chairman's Office
COUNTY OF FAIRFAX
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
PUBLISHED BY FAIRFAX COUNTY, VA GOVERNMENT
PREPARED BY FAIRFAX COUNTY
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY'S
GIS AND MAPPING SERVICES BRANCH
CORRECTIONS OR ADDITIONS SHOULD BE
BROUGHT TO THE ATTENTION OF THE ABOVE AGENCY
PHONE: (703) 324-2712
Sustainability Initiatives
Current as of 7/21/2015
16
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FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors
From left to right: Catherine M.
Hudgins (Hunter Mill District);
Michael R. Frey (Sully District); John
C. Cook (Braddock District); Gerald
W. Hyland (Mount Vernon District);
Sharon Bulova (Chairman, AtLarge); Penelope A. Gross (Mason
District, Vice Chairman); John W.
Foust (Dranesville District); Jeffrey
C. McKay (Lee District); Pat Herrity
(Springfield District); and Linda Q.
Smyth (Providence District)
Chairman, At-Large
Mason District Supervisor and
Sharon Bulova
Vice Chairman
703-324-2321, TTY 711
Penelope A. Gross
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/chairman/
703-256-7717, TTY 711
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/mason/
Braddock District Supervisor
John C. Cook
Mount Vernon District Supervisor:
703-425-9300, TTY 711
Gerald W. Hyland
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/braddock/
703-780-7518, TTY 711
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/mountvernon/
Dranesville District Supervisor
John W. Foust
Providence District Supervisor:
703-356-0551, TTY 711
Linda Q. Smyth
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dranesville/
703-560-6946, TTY 711
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/providence/
Hunter Mill District Supervisor
Catherine M. Hudgins
Springfield District Supervisor:
703-478-0283, TTY 711
Pat Herrity
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/huntermill/
703-451-8873, TTY 711
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/springfield/
Lee District Supervisor
Jeff C. McKay
Sully District Supervisor:
703-971-6262, TTY 711
Michael R. Frey
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/lee/
703-814-7100, TTY 711
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/sully/
17
Sustainability Initiatives
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
The board establishes county government policy, passes resolutions and
ordinances (within the limits of its authority established by the Virginia
General Assembly), approves the budget, sets local tax rates, approves
land use plans and makes appointments to various positions. These
actions are taken in open meetings, which the public is encouraged to
attend. All discussions are held in public, with the exception of issues
exempt from the Virginia Freedom of Information Act, such as legal or
personnel issues.
Board members also participate in various committees, subcommittees
and regional agencies, which are listed at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
bosclerk/board-committees/. Several board committees address aspects
of sustainability, including the Environmental Committee, the Community
Revitalization and Reinvestment Committee and the Transportation
Committee. Each of these committees is a “committee of the whole,” or
comprised of all board members.
Sustainability issues are also addressed in regional committees in which
board members are active participants, including:
❚ Metropolitan Council of Government (COG) Region Forward Committee.
❚ COG Climate, Energy and Environmental Policy Committee.
❚ COG Metropolitan Washington Air Quality Committee.
❚ COG Chesapeake Bay and Water Resources Policy Committee.
❚ COG Task Force on Regional Water Supply Issues
❚ Potomac Watershed Roundtable.
The Board of Supervisors appoints a County Executive to act as the
administrative head of the county. The County Executive serves at the
pleasure of the Board of Supervisors, carries out the policies established
by the Board of Supervisors, directs business and administrative
procedures and recommends officers and personnel to be appointed by
the board.
Like other Virginia local governments, Fairfax County has limited powers.
Virginia courts have concluded that local governments in Virginia have
only those powers that are:
❚ Specifically conferred on them by the Virginia General Assembly.
❚ Necessarily or fairly implied from a specific grant of authority.
❚ E
ssential to the purposes of government – not simply convenient, but
indispensable.
Sustainability Initiatives
18
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
More information about this doctrine of limited authority for local
governments, which is commonly called the Dillon Rule, is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/government/about/dillon-rule.htm.
The board of supervisors web page, www.fairfaxcounty.gov/government/
board, provides links to the board members’ individual web pages,
podcasts, RSS feeds, a “Find Your District Supervisor” application, Board of
Supervisors’ news, committee assignments, goals and priorities, pictures
of presentations to residents and more. An organizational chart of Fairfax
County government is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/government/
county-org-chart.pdf.
1.2.2 Cities and Towns
In Virginia, cities and counties are distinct units of government and do not
overlap. Fairfax County completely surrounds the City of Fairfax and is
adjacent to the City of Falls Church and the City of Alexandria. Property
within these cities is not subject to taxation by Fairfax County, and the
county generally is not required to provide governmental services to their
residents. However, pursuant to agreements with these cities, the county
provides certain services to their residents.
Unlike cities, incorporated towns are overlapping units of government
within the county. There are three incorporated towns in Fairfax County:
Clifton, Herndon and Vienna. These towns have land use policies and
regulations that are independent of the county’s, although other county
ordinances and regulations are generally effective in them. Property in
these towns is subject to county taxation and the county provides certain
services to their residents.
1.2.3 Boards, Authorities and Commissions
Advisory bodies and citizen participation play very important roles in
Fairfax County government. The Board of Supervisors has established
dozens of boards, authorities and commissions (BACs) to ensure that
residents and other stakeholders are involved in all aspects of the county
government’s functions. Residents interested in serving on a county
board, authority, commission or committee should contact their Supervisor.
A complete list of BACs is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/.
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Sustainability Initiatives
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
BACs with environmental roles include the following:
Boards, Authorities and Commissions
Name
Agricultural and
Forestal Districts
Advisory Board
Purpose and Link
To advise the Board of Supervisors and Planning
Commission regarding the proposed establishment,
modification, renewal, continuation and determination of
agricultural and forestal districts; to render expert advice on
the desirability of establishing such districts.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/BoardDetails.
aspx?BoardID=23335
Airports Advisory
Committee
To advise the Board of Supervisors on all airports and
aircraft operations affecting Fairfax County; to expand the
committee’s responsibilities and feasibility of establishing a
countywide aircraft noise complaint center.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/BoardDetails.
aspx?BoardID=23354
Board of Zoning
Appeals
To hear and decide: (1) appeals of administrative decisions
made pursuant to the Zoning Ordinance; (2) applications for
special permits and variances as authorized by the Zoning
Ordinance; and (3) applications for interpretation of the
Zoning Map where there is uncertainty as to the location of
a zoning district boundary.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/bza/
Chesapeake Bay
Preservation
Ordinance
Exception Review
Committee
Engineering
Standards Review
Committee
Environmental
Quality Advisory
Council
To review applications to conduct land disturbing activities
within Resource Protection Areas.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/environmental/cbay/erc/
To provide technical and engineering advisory services to
the Board of Supervisors; to thoroughly review the input
data for the annual update of the Public Facilities Manual.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/BoardDetails.
aspx?BoardID=23312
To advise the Board of Supervisors on environmental
matters through ongoing review of the quality of the
county’s physical environment and to advocate and
promote environmental preservation, protection and
enhancement.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/eqac/
Fairfax County Park
Authority
To be responsible for the acquisition, development and
maintenance of the parks in the county.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/
Sustainability Initiatives
20
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
Boards, Authorities and Commissions
Name
Geotechnical
Review Board
Purpose and Link
To adopt ordinance amendments, official map and criteria
regulating development in areas of Marumsco/Marine Clay
soils and other problem soil areas.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/BoardDetails.aspx?BoardID=23317
Health Care
Advisory Board
To be responsible for a periodic review of a comprehensive
health plan for the county; to initiate an on-going health
care information process in coordination with local,
regional, state and federal agencies.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/hcab/
Planning
Commission
To advise the Board of Supervisors on all matters related to
the orderly growth and development of Fairfax County; to
approve or disapprove the location, character and extent of
all public facilities in the county.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/planning/
Redevelopment and
Housing Authority
To be responsible for providing rental housing for lowincome families in Fairfax County.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/rha/aboutfcrha.htm/
Trails and Sidewalks
Committee
To report to the Board of Supervisors for the purpose
of providing citizen input and oversight to planning and
developing a countywide trails system.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/trails/
Transportation
Advisory
Commission
To advise the Board of Supervisors and provide information
and comments on major transportation issues faced by
the county.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/fcdot/tac/
Tree Commission
To provide advice to the Board of Supervisors based
on an annual reevaluation of the administration and
implementation of local law relating to vegetation
preservation and planting; to provide leadership in
developing an understanding of the objectives and
methods of tree conservation; to assist the Urban Forest
Management Division in the development and maintenance
of technical specifications and guidelines.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/BoardDetails.
aspx?BoardID=23331
Wetlands Board
To preserve and prevent the despoliation and destruction
of wetlands within its jurisdiction while accommodating
necessary economic development in a manner consistent
with wetlands preservation.
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/bacs/BoardDetails.
aspx?BoardID=23219
21
Sustainability Initiatives
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
1.2.4 Other Authorities and Commissions
The following authorities and commissions have regional environmental
responsibilities:
Fairfax County Water Authority (FCWA) – FCWA, known as Fairfax Water,
is Virginia’s largest water utility, serving one out of every four Virginians
who obtain their water from public utilities. Fairfax Water operates two
water treatment plants with a combined capacity of 345 million gallons
per day and produces, on average, 170 million gallons of water per day.
Fairfax Water also purchases up to 30 million gallons of water per day from
the Washington Aqueduct. See www.fairfaxwater.org.
Northern Virginia Regional Commission (NVRC) – NVRC is a regional
council of 14 member governments in Northern Virginia. NVRC’s
environmental programs and projects include those addressing water
resources and solid waste and recycling. See www.novaregion.org.
Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority (NVRPA) – NVRPA was
established in 1959 to protect natural resources from the threat of urban
sprawl and provide recreational amenities. NVRPA currently owns about
7,000 acres in Fairfax County. See www.nvrpa.org.
Upper Occoquan Service Authority (UOSA) – UOSA was formed in 1971
to construct, finance and operate a regional water reclamation facility. It
is currently authorized to process 54 million gallons of wastewater a day.
See www.uosa.org.
1.3 Energy and Environment Agencies and
Business Areas
1.3.1 Department of Public Works and Environmental Services
The mission of the Fairfax County Department of Public Works and
Environmental Services (DPWES) is to build and maintain healthy, safe
and environmentally responsible communities in Fairfax County. DPWES’s
areas of responsibility include building and infrastructure construction,
land use, solid waste management and stormwater and wastewater
management. The following highlights several DPWES divisions:
❚ C
apital Facilities provides Fairfax County with quality, cost-effective
buildings and infrastructure in a safe, timely and environmentally-sound
manner. The Capital Facilities division implements the county’s Green
Building policy, described in both Sections 2.2.8 and 4.2.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/construction/capitalprojects.htm.
Sustainability Initiatives
22
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
❚ L
and Development Services provides oversight and enforcement of
erosion and sediment control and other environmental requirements for
construction projects within the county. Its efforts support the county’s
Tree Action Plan and Tree Canopy Goals, both of which are discussed in
Section 3.6, and the Environmental Improvement Program.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/develop/.
❚ T
he Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) improves the quality of
life for Fairfax County residents and businesses by properly managing
wastes produced in the county in compliance with federal and state
regulations and permits. The program also supports:
❚ Waste-to-Energy.
❚ Landfill gas to energy.
❚ R
ecycling and Disposal Centers, e-waste collection, household
hazardous waste collections, yardwaste recycling, management of
used tires, paper shredding events and many other programs that
benefit the environment.
❚ Innovative technologies/processes that address waste management
and keep the county’s integrated solid waste management system
functioning well.
More information about these programs is contained in Sections 2, 3 and 6.
Also refer to www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/recycling/.
❚ S
tormwater Management develops and maintains a comprehensive
watershed and infrastructure management program that protects
property, health and safety, enhances the quality of life and preserves
and improves the environment. The business area plans, designs,
constructs, operates, maintains and inspects the county’s extensive
stormwater infrastructure. It also performs environmental assessments
through coordinated stormwater and maintenance projects. Several
Stormwater Management initiatives are discussed in Section 3.4.1. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/stormwater/.
❚ W
astewater Management safely collects and treats wastewater in
compliance with all regulatory requirements using state-of-the art
technology. The county’s wastewater collection and conveyance system,
one of the nation’s largest sanitary sewer systems, covers nearly 234 square
miles. The total system capacity is 157.18 million gallons of wastewater
per day for about 340,000 residential and business connections in Fairfax
County. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/wastewater/.
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Sustainability Initiatives
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
1.3.2 Other County Departments
A number of other county departments and agencies play instrumental
roles in promoting environmental stewardship and prudently managing
natural resources.
❚ F
airfax County Park Authority (FCPA), which was created in 1950 by
the Board of Supervisors, currently owns over 23,000 acres in Fairfax
County. Its mission, as expressed in its Great Parks, Great Communities
Plan, is:
To set aside public spaces for and assist citizens in the protection and
enhancement of environmental values, diversity of natural habitats and
cultural heritage to guarantee that these resources will be available
to both present and future generations. To create and sustain quality
facilities and services that offer citizens opportunities for recreation,
improvement of their physical and mental well-being, and enhancement
of their quality of life.
More information about FCPA, including its resource management
practices, is provided in Section 3.5. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/.
❚ D
epartment of Planning & Zoning provides proposals, advice and
assistance on land use, development review and zoning issues to those
who make decisions on such issues in Fairfax County. DPZ’s mission is
to promote livable communities which enhance the quality of life for the
present and the future. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/.
❚ F
acilities Management Department (FMD) provides a full range of
facility management services to the approximately 205 county-owned
and leased facilities in its portfolio. Key FMD services include energy
management, capital renewal, maintenance, repair and renovation.
The department also provides space planning and interior design
services, as well as custodial, security and moving services. Several of
FMD’s energy-related initiatives and accomplishments are described in
Section 4.4.
❚ D
epartment of Health, through its Division of Environmental Health
(DEH), protects and improves public health by using its regulatory
authority and community-based outreach activities to prevent, minimize
or eliminate exposure to biological, chemical or physical hazards. DEH’s
regulatory activities include the permitting and inspection of various
businesses, plan review for commercial and residential facilities, pest
surveillance and public health complaint investigations. Section 3.9
discusses five of the potential environmental hazards and exposures that
pose a risk to human health that DEH addresses: contaminated ground
and surface water; vector-borne diseases; rabies; radon; and naturallyoccurring asbestos. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/eh/.
Sustainability Initiatives
24
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
❚ D
epartment of Vehicle Services (DVS) provides fleet management
services support to all county customers and ensures that county
vehicles and equipment are maintained in accordance with all federal,
state and county safety and environmental policies, procedures and
regulations. DVS is fully committed to conservation of the county’s
natural environment and to initiatives that contribute to cleaner air and
water. Section 4.7 discusses several of these DVS initiatives. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dvs.
1.4 Inter-agency Collaboration and Coordination
Fairfax County has long recognized the need for coordinated and
proactive policies and initiatives to address its environmental and
energy related challenges. Federal and state guidelines and regulations
demand diligence in the development of concrete strategies for a healthy
environment, as well as inter-agency and inter-jurisdictional coordination
to address environmental issues that know no organizational or political
boundaries.
1.4.1 Internal Collaboration and Coordination
The county has established two committees to facilitate agency
collaboration and coordination: the Environmental Coordinating Committee
(ECC) and its companion, the Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Coordinating Committee (EECCC). Both are inter-agency management
committees intended to facilitate communication among agencies and to
break down walls that separate individual agencies and their respective
missions. Committee members act as advisors to and a “sounding board”
for each other about environmental and energy issues, including programs,
initiatives and strategies.
Both committees develop recommendations on policy and practice related
to the environment and energy efficiency, which are then presented to
the appropriate parties (i.e., the County Executive and/or the Board of
Supervisors Environmental Committee). Recognizing that federal and state
legislation and administrative proceedings may affect county policies, the
ECC and EECCC keep abreast of the status of relevant legislation and
administrative proceedings and provide guidance as to any application in
Fairfax County.
Both committees also coordinate closely with the county’s Environmental
Quality Advisory Council (EQAC), which is an independent, boardappointed advisory committee. EQAC is tasked with reporting the state
25
Sustainability Initiatives
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
of the environment in Fairfax County and in recommending a variety of
policy and programmatic actions that the board can take in support of
the environment. EQAC also provides a forum for stakeholder input on
environmental issues through its annual public hearing and e-mail address.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/eqac/ for more information regarding
EQAC and its Annual Report on the Environment.
1.4.2 Regional Collaboration
As discussed in Section 1.2.1, board members are active participants
in committees and initiatives within the metropolitan Washington, D.C.
region, particularly those sponsored by the Metropolitan Washington
Council of Governments (COG) and the Northern Virginia Regional
Commission.
County staff is also active on a regional basis. The COG committees and
boards in which county staff participates includes:
❚ COG Climate, Energy and Environment Policy Committee.
❚ COG Built Environment and Energy Advisory Committee.
❚ C
OG Metropolitan Washington Air Quality Committee and the MWAQC
Technical Advisory Committee.
❚ COG Transportation Planning Board.
Information about the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments
and its committees and boards is available at www.mwcog.org/about/.
Information about the Northern Virginia Regional Commission, including its
programs and projects, is available at www.novaregion.org.
1.5 Partner Organizations
Fairfax County provides financial or other tangible support to a number of
agencies and nonprofit organizations that promote the general health and
welfare of the community. The county’s environmental partners include:
Clean Fairfax Council works to prevent litter, encourage recycling and
promote sustainability. See www.cleanfairfax.org/.
Earth Sangha promotes conservation through its native plant nursery and
ecological restoration projects. See www.earthsangha.org/.
Sustainability Initiatives
26
FAIRFAX COUNTY
GOVERNMENT:
AN OVERVIEW
Fairfax County Restoration Project connects, creates and promotes efforts
to restore ecosystem functions through collaboration with public, private
and volunteer organizations. See www.fcrpp3.org/.
Fairfax ReLeaf works to conserve, restore and promote sustainable urban
forests by engaging volunteers in tree planting projects. See
www.fairfaxreleaf.org/FFR/about.html.
Northern Virginia Conservation Trust helps local governments and private
landowners preserve natural areas, trails, streams and parks through
voluntary conservation easements. See www.nvct.org/.
Northern Virginia Soil and Water Conservation District works for clean
streams, protected natural resources and community engagement in
Fairfax County. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/.
Volunteer Fairfax matches the skills and interests of volunteers and donors
to the needs of local nonprofit organizations, helping to build a better
community through service. See www.volunteerfairfax.org/.
The Wakefield Run Stream
Restoration project, facilitated by
the Northern Virginia Soil and Water
Conservation District, brought
together county and community
partners to protect water quality.
27
Sustainability Initiatives
Sustainability Initiatives
28
SECTION 2
REGULATORY, POLICY AND
STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK
REGULATORY, POLICY AND
STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK
Featured in this Section
2.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.2 Policies Adopted by the Board of Supervisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.2.1 Priorities and Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.2.2 Environmental Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.2.3 Cool Counties Climate Stabilization Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.2.4 Energy Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.2.5 Comprehensive Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.2.6 Tree Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2.7 Solid Waste Management Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.2.8 Sustainable Development Policy for Capital Projects . . . . . . . . 38
2.2.9 Fairfax County Park Authority Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.3 Ordinances Adopted by the Board of Supervisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.4 Funding Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.4.1 Funds Used for Environmental Efforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.4.2 Environmental Improvement Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Sustainability Initiatives
30
SECTION 2
2.1 Introduction
The Fairfax County Board of Supervisors (board) has set the framework for
the county’s environmental initiatives through its vision, goals, policies and
ordinances and has dedicated considerable resources to implementing
these initiatives. This section of the report addresses this framework.
The board’s vision statement includes the following (paraphrased slightly):
Our vision is to protect and enrich the quality of life for the people,
neighborhoods and diverse communities of Fairfax County by maintaining
safe and caring communities, building livable spaces, connecting people
and places, maintaining healthy economies, practicing environmental
stewardship, creating a culture of engagement and exercising corporate
stewardship.
We envision that local government, industry and residents will seek ways
to use all resources wisely and to protect and enhance the county’s
natural environment and open space. As a result, residents will feel good
about their quality of life and embrace environmental stewardship as a
personal and shared responsibility.
Vision of Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/government/vision.htm.
2.2 Policies Adopted by the Board of Supervisors
2.2.1 Priorities and Goals
Fairfax County will continue to protect our drinking water, air quality,
stream valleys and tree canopy through responsible environmental
regulations and practices. We will continue to take a lead in initiatives to
address energy efficiency and sustainability and to preserve and protect
open space for our residents to enjoy.
Fairfax County Statement of Priorities, available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
government/board/priorities/.
Environmental initiatives are driven by goals, policies and priorities
agreed upon at the highest levels of the county government. Through its
Statement of Priorities, the Board of Supervisors has pledged to engage
residents and business and protect investment in eight critical areas,
including “a clean, sustainable environment.”
31
Sustainability Initiatives
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
The county’s goals, adopted by the Board of Supervisors in 1988 and
subsequently revised, serve as the basis for the Comprehensive Plan
and encompass all aspects of the county government. Of 20 adopted
goals, many speak directly to environmental protection and resource
conservation:
Environmental Protection – The amount and distribution of population
density and land uses in Fairfax County should be consistent with
water quality, ambient air quality and other environmental standards.
Development in Fairfax County should be sensitive to the natural setting,
in order to prevent degradation of the County’s natural environment.
Energy Conservation – Fairfax County should promote energy efficiency
and energy conservation within the public, commercial, residential, and
industrial sectors.
Open Space – Fairfax County should support the conservation of
appropriate land areas in a natural state to preserve, protect and enhance
stream valleys, meadows, woodlands, wetlands, farmland, and plant
and animal life. Small areas of open space should also be preserved in
already congested and developed areas for passive neighborhood uses,
visual relief, scenic value, and screening and buffering purposes.
Three other goals, “Quality of Life,” “Land Use” and “Transportation,” also
have environmental components. The Fairfax County Goals reflect the
belief of the community that environmental protection and preservation
are overarching components of the quality of life. They demonstrate an
understanding of the interdependence of decisions regarding private
development, transportation and public works with the environment. How
we use land affects, and is affected by, the natural environment.
See the board’s statement of priorities at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
government/board/priorities/ and the county’s goals at www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan/policyplan/preface.pdf.
2.2.2 Environmental Agenda
Fairfax County has long recognized the need for proactive policies and
initiatives to address its environmental challenges. Indeed, environmental
considerations are embedded in the county’s policy and regulatory
documents, and the county has pursued a myriad of environmental
initiatives that continue to grow in number and complexity.
Sustainability Initiatives
32
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
For this reason among others, at its regular meeting on Monday, June
21, 2004, the board, in continuation of its long history of environmental
vigilance and dedication, endorsed and adopted the “Environmental
Excellence for Fairfax County: A 20-year Vision,” also known as the
Environmental Agenda. The Environmental Agenda is organized into
six themes:
❚ Growth and Land Use.
❚ Air Quality and Transportation.
❚ Water Quality.
❚ Solid Waste.
❚ Parks, Trails and Open Space.
❚ Environmental Stewardship.
The Agenda centers on two main guiding principles: First, conservation
of our limited natural resources must be interwoven into all government
decisions. Second, the county must be committed to providing the
necessary resources to protect the environment.
In addition to the six central themes, the Environmental Agenda includes
objectives relating to trees and climate change.
The Environmental Agenda provides specific guidance for board members,
county staff and the community when making decisions that have
environmental impacts. Environmental concerns are not seen as tradeoffs or compromises but instead are foundational to the decision making
process. The Environmental Agenda provides the necessary guidance for
creative decision-making and leadership. It is an aggressive, multi-year
plan that will require a long-term financial commitment.
The board’s Environmental Agenda is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
living/environment/eip/bos_environmental_agenda.pdf.
2.2.3 Cool Counties Climate Stabilization Initiative
The Cool Counties initiative was developed in collaboration with local,
regional and national partners to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Fairfax County’s climate change actions and initiatives are an integral part
of the Environmental Agenda. They include:
❚ R
educing greenhouse gas emissions in county government operations
through efficiency, conservation and education.
❚ Implementing air quality, land use planning and zoning, transportation,
tree and open space preservation, solid waste management, recycling
and water conservation and reuse initiatives.
33
Sustainability Initiatives
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
❚ E
ncouraging similar efforts in the wider community by supporting transitoriented mixed-use development, green building and energy-conserving
design, particularly in redevelopment areas such as Tysons Corner.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/environment/coolcounties/.
2.2.4 Energy Policy
The Fairfax County Energy Policy, adopted in 2009, promotes pragmatic
conservation and management of energy resources. The policy supports
nine measures:
❚ E
nergy efficiency and conservation in buildings, facilities, operations,
and vehicles.
❚ The use of alternative and sustainable energy options.
❚ Waste reduction and recycling.
❚ T
he use of more fuel efficient and alternate fuel vehicles in the county’s
fleet.
❚ Implementation of energy efficiency and conservation projects.
❚ Generation of energy on-site.
❚ L
and use patterns and transportation systems that serve to reduce
energy use.
❚ Intergovernmental energy efficiency efforts.
❚ E
nergy efficiency and conservation efforts by county employees,
employers and residents.
The energy policy is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/
environment/county-energy-policy.htm/.
The inter-agency Energy Efficiency and Conservation Coordinating
Committee works to develop a comprehensive energy program. Partners
include county agencies, schools, residents and employers.
The primary implementation mechanism to address and support
environmental and energy policies and goals set forth in the board’s 2004
Environmental Agenda, the 2007 Cool Counties Initiative and the 2009
Energy Policy is the county’s Environmental Improvement Program. Two
collaborative inter-agency committees – the Environmental Coordinating
Committee and the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Coordinating
Committee – are vital to implementation, as they help ensure that crosscutting action is coordinated across county agencies, authorities, and
schools. More information on the Environmental Improvement Program is
presented in Sections 2.4.2 and 5 of this document.
Sustainability Initiatives
34
REGULATORY POL CY
AND STRATEG C
FRAMEWORK
2.2.5 Comprehensive Plan
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O
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
The Comprehensive Plan guides land use-related decision-making
about the environment by the county’s Board of Supervisors, Planning
Commission and Board of Zoning Appeals. It is also a guide for county staff
and the public about development and redevelopment in the county.
The Plan consists of the Policy Plan, four Area Plans, the Land Use
Plan map, the Countywide Trails Plan map, the Bicycle Plan map
and the Transportation Plan map. The Policy Plan provides broad,
countywide policy guidance, while the Area Plans provide more specific
recommendations for smaller geographic areas, often specific to individual
parcels of land. Development proposals requiring zoning approval are
evaluated in regard to how they would implement or otherwise support
both Policy Plan and Area Plan guidance.
The Policy Plan contains goals, objectives, and policies relating to 11
functional elements:
❚ Land Use.
❚ Transportation.
❚ Housing.
❚ Economic Development.
❚ The Environment.
❚ Heritage Resources.
❚ Public Facilities.
❚ Human Services.
❚ Parks and Recreation.
❚ Revitalization.
❚ Visual and Performing Arts.
The plan provides objectives, policies and guidelines for future
development in Fairfax County, while protecting natural and cultural
resources. The policies and objectives in the Environment section
address environmental resources, conservation, pollution, hazards and
coordination as well as green building practices.
More information about the county’s growth and land use policies is
presented in Section 3.2 of this report.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan/.
Sustainability Initiatives
36
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
2.2.6 Tree Action Plan
The Tree Action Plan is a 20-year strategy document to preserve and
restore tree cover in Fairfax County. Members of the Fairfax County Tree
Commission, county staff, residents and builders worked together to
develop goals and recommendations. The goals include:
❚ A commitment to the preservation of current tree assets.
❚ E
nhancement of the legacy for future generations by increasing the
quantity and quality of trees and wooded areas.
❚ M
ore effective integration of urban forestry with planning and policy
making.
Twelve core recommendations were defined with related goals, strategies
and tactics.
After completing the plan, the Board of Supervisors adopted a 30-year
tree canopy goal to increase the county’s tree cover to 45 percent by the
year 2037, and tree-related actions were featured in the Environmental
Improvement Program. In 2008, the county’s Tree Conservation Ordinance
(Chapter 122 of the Fairfax County Code) was adopted. For information
about implementation of the Tree Action Plan, please see Section 3.6.
More information about the Tree Action Plan is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/environmental/tap.htm.
2.2.7 Solid Waste Management Plan
The Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) is responsible for the
management and long-range planning for all refuse and recycling within
the county. Program elements are summarized within the county’s Solid
Waste Management Plan. Program operations, as included in the plan, are
identified in Section 2.4.1 of this report and are described in more detail in
Section 3.7.
The county’s Solid Waste Management Plan, including the 2015-2035
Update submitted to the Department of Environmental Quality in March
2015, is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/swmp/ and is also
accessible at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/recycling/. The Solid Waste
Management Program is a part of the county’s Department of Public Works
and Environmental Services.
37
Sustainability Initiatives
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
2.2.8 Sustainable Development Policy for Capital Projects
Fairfax County supports green building in its own capital projects as well
as private sector development. The Sustainable Development Policy for
Capital Projects addresses Fairfax County facilities. The Environment
section of the Fairfax County Comprehensive Plan covers the private
sector.
County projects greater than 10,000 square feet in size must have a
goal of achieving Silver certification in the Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design, or LEED®, rating system; smaller facilities are
recommended for LEED certification.
The Sustainable Development Policy for Capital Projects is available
at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/construction/sdpolicy.pdf. More
information about the county’s green building policies and efforts is
presented in Sections 3.2.4 and 4.2 of this report.
2.2.9 Fairfax County Park Authority Policy
Ellanor C. Lawrence Park
“The integrated park system serves as the primary public mechanism for
accomplishing two equally important purposes:
1.To protect and preserve environmentally sensitive land, habitat
connectivity, and water resources, and areas of archaeological,
historical and/or cultural significance; and
2.To provide opportunities for residents, workers and visitors to pursue
leisure activities in safe, accessible, and enjoyable parks and community
recreational facilities.”
Fairfax County Comprehensive Plan, available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
dpz/comprehensiveplan/policyplan/parksrec.pdf.
Sustainability Initiatives
38
REGULATORY, POLICY
AND STRATEGIC
FRAMEWORK
The Fairfax County Park Authority manages 23,000 acres, 425 parks, five
nature centers and a horticultural center, more than 300 miles of trails,
over 650 public garden plots, 220 playgrounds, 779 athletic fields and
Northern Virginia’s only state natural area preserve.
The Fairfax County Park Authority Board, appointed by the Board
of Supervisors, works collaboratively with constituents, partners,
stakeholders and government leaders to champion the preservation
and management of natural and cultural resources and facilitate the
development of park and recreation programs and facilities. To guide park
planning and programs, numerous policies and plans have been adopted:
❚ F
airfax County Comprehensive Plan – Parks and Recreation – Provides
guidance and goals for park planning and land use decisions affecting
the conservation of natural and cultural resources, protection of
environmental quality, provision of public facilities and human services
on parkland. www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan/
policyplan/parksrec.pdf
❚ F
airfax County Park Authority Policy Manual – This manual provides
guidance in arriving at decisions in accordance with the Park Authority
mission, objectives and associated laws; it allows, however, discretion
and latitude to consider case-specific circumstances, situations and/or
conditions. www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/parkpolicy/
❚ G
reat Parks, Great Communities 2010-2020 Comprehensive Park
System Plan – This document offers a long-range plan for the placebased, physical aspects of the park system, its land, its natural and
cultural resources and its facilities. www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/
plandev/greatparks/
❚ N
atural Resource Management Plan – This plan coordinates agencywide efforts to achieve the natural resource preservation mission of
the Fairfax County Park Authority and implement agency Policy 201 –
Natural Resources. www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/nrmp.htm
❚ C
ultural Resource Management Plan – This plan provides the tools,
policies and practices to best manage and protect cultural resources,
both on parkland and countywide. www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/gmp/
crmpfinal.pdf
❚ P
ark Master Plans – General guides for appropriate park uses and their
approximate locations within a specific park site. The plans serve as
long-range visions (10-20 year timeframe) for future development and
programming. www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/plandev/mparchives.htm
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2.3 Ordinances Adopted By the Board of Supervisors
Fairfax County’s regulations support, complement and implement the
county’s environmental policies and state and federal mandates. They
are the “shall” requirements that accompany the “should” policies. Both
are critical to the success of the county’s comprehensive environmental
program.
The Fairfax County Code contains all county-adopted ordinances and
associated requirements. These ordinances are not static but are
reviewed and updated as needed. The current set of county ordinances
is available at https://www.municode.com/library/va/fairfax_county.
Environmental ordinances and other ordinances with key environmental
provisions include:
❚ Chapter 62, Fire Protection.
❚ Chapter 67.1, Sanitary Sewers and Sewage Disposal.
❚ Chapter 68.1, Individual Sewage Disposal Facilities.
❚ Chapter 70.1, Private Water Well Ordinance.
❚ C
hapter 101, Subdivision Provisions (including, by reference, the Public
Facilities Manual).
❚ Chapter 103, Air Pollution Control.
❚ Chapter 104, Erosion and Sedimentation Control.
❚ Chapter 107, Problem Soils.
❚ Chapter 108, Noise.
❚ Chapter 109.1, Solid Waste Management.
❚ C
hapter 112, Zoning Ordinance (including Floodplain Regulations, the
Airport Noise Impact Overlay District and the Water Supply Protection
Overlay District).
❚ Chapter 113, Water Use, Emergency Regulations.
❚ Chapter 114, Agricultural and Forestal Districts of Statewide Significance.
❚ Chapter 115, Local Agricultural and Forestal Districts.
❚ Chapter 116, Wetlands Zoning Ordinance.
❚ Chapter 118, Chesapeake Bay Preservation Ordinance.
❚ Chapter 120, Heritage, Specimen, Memorial and Street Tree Ordinance.
❚ Chapter 122, Tree Conservation Ordinance.
❚ Chapter 123, Coastal Primary Sand Dune Ordinance.
❚ Chapter 124, Stormwater Management Ordinance.
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Other ordinances also have environmental provisions that are secondary
to other purposes.
2.4 Funding Mechanisms
2.4.1 Funds Used for Environmental Efforts
Fairfax County supports environmental initiatives through several county
agencies and funds. Each year, the General Fund supports priority
projects through a rigorous project selection process in support of the
Environmental Agenda. Recent funding has been included for projects such
as: lighting retrofits and upgrades at Fairfax County Park Authority facilities
for energy efficiency and conservation; support for the Park Authority’s
Invasive Plant Removal Program; Energy Education and Outreach initiatives;
the Green Purchasing Program; the installation of weather stations for
efficient water usage at county golf courses; the installation of waterSMART
web-based irrigation controllers at other park facilities with irrigation
systems; a watershed protection and energy conservation matching grant
program; and other strategic environmental initiatives. General Fund
support is provided as available on an annual basis.
The General Fund also supports two nonprofit environmental agencies
through a contributory fund. For several years, Fairfax County has
contributed to Earth Sangha, an environmental nonprofit organization
which provides numerous volunteer opportunities involving environmental
work. Fairfax ReLeaf is another nonprofit organization of volunteers
that plants and preserves trees and restores forest cover on public and
common lands in Northern Virginia.
Several important environmental program areas are supported through
funding sources outside of the General Fund.
The Wastewater Management Program monitors the Chesapeake Bay
water quality program, which requires reductions in the amounts of
nutrient pollutants discharged from wastewater treatment facilities. A
phased approach has been under way to renovate and upgrade current
plant facilities to accommodate these more stringent nutrient discharge
requirements. The Wastewater Management Program is primarily
supported by sewer service charges and availability fees; these funds
are used to fully recover program operation and maintenance costs,
debt service payments and capital project requirements attributable to
improving wastewater treatment effluent quality as mandated by state and
federal agencies.
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The Solid Waste Management Program is responsible for all refuse and
recycling within the county. Operations include: a county-owned and
operated refuse transfer station; a privately-owned and operated Energy/
Resource Recovery Facility; two closed municipal solid waste landfills;
a regional ash fill operated by the county; two recycling and disposal
facilities that include the collection of household hazardous waste and
e-waste; eight drop-off sites for recyclable materials; and equipment
and facilities for refuse collection, disposal and recycling operations for
44,000 residents in sanitary districts. The Solid Waste Program includes
the following funds: Leaf Collection; Refuse Collection and Recycling
Operations; Refuse Disposal; Energy/Resource Recovery Facility; I-95
Refuse Disposal. These funds are all supported by special revenue fees
and charges.
The Stormwater Services fund is also essential in supporting environmental
mandates such as those aimed at protecting the Chesapeake Bay and the
water quality of other local waterways. This fund is supported by a special
service district fee currently based on 2.50 cents per $100 of assessed
real estate value. This fund is used to improve, operate and maintain the
county’s stormwater system, meet state and federal regulatory and water
quality standards and meet dam safety requirements. The stormwater fee
also supports contributions to both the Northern Virginia Soil and Water
Conservation District (NVSWCD) and the Occoquan Watershed Monitoring
Program (OWMP). The NVSWCD is an independent subdivision of the
Commonwealth of Virginia that provides leadership in the conservation and
protection of Fairfax County’s soil and water resources. The OWMP and the
Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Laboratory were established to ensure
that water quality is monitored and protected in the Occoquan Watershed.
2.4.2 Environmental Improvement Program
The Environmental Improvement Program (EIP) was first developed in
2005 by the county’s Environmental Coordinating Committee (ECC)
in response to direction by the board following the adoption of its
Environmental Agenda on June 21, 2004. Until recently, the EIP was
largely a compilation of project, initiatives and actions that the county had
taken, was in the process of taking or could take to support board-adopted
environmental and energy policies and goals.
The EIP was updated annually through a coordinated and collaborative
process. Please see www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/environment/eip/ for
further information regarding past EIPs.
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In consultation with the Board of Supervisors and the county’s
Environmental Quality Advisory Council, staff revised the EIP in 2012 to
include a more formal project selection and prioritization process to better
support the board-adopted Environmental Agenda.
In this revised process, EIP project proposals are evaluated and prioritized
annually. Projects identified through this process are forwarded to
the county executive for consideration for inclusion in the advertised
budget. A description of the EIP project selection process and additional
information about EIP projects are provided in Section 5.3.1 of this report.
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SECTION 3
PROMOTING A SUSTAINABLE
COMMUNITY
PROMOTING A SUSTAINABLE
COMMUNITY
Featured in this Section
3.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2 Growth and Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.2.1 Zoning and Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
3.2.2 Transit-Oriented Mixed-Use Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.2.3 Revitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.2.4 Green Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.3 Air Quality and Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
3.3.1 Air Quality Planning in the Washington
Metropolitan Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.3.2 Transportation Planning in the Washington
Metropolitan Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.3.3 Washington Metropolitan Air Quality Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.3.4 Fairfax County Transportation Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
3.4 Water Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.4.1 Stormwater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
3.4.2 Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
3.4.3 Water Supply Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
3.5 Parks and Ecological Resource Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
3.5.1 Open Space in Fairfax County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
3.5.2 Natural Resource Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
3.5.3 Policy and Regulatory Mechanisms for Protecting
Natural Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.6 Trees and Tree Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
3.6.1 Urban Forest Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
3.6.2 Tree Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.7 Solid Waste Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.7.1 Recycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.7.2 Solid Waste Management Plan Green Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
3.8 Community Outreach, Education and Stewardship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.8.1 Community Stewardship Opportunities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
3.8.2 Presentations and Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
3.9 Environmental Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
3.10 Noise, Light Pollution and Visual Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
3.10.1 Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
3.10.2 Light Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
3.10.3 Visual Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
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SECTION 3
3.1 Introduction
Section 2 of this report identified the broad policy framework guiding the
county’s sustainability initiatives. This section addresses how the county
furthers the policy framework through promotion of sustainability within
the community.
In its Environmental Agenda, adopted in 2004 and revised in 2007, the
Board of Supervisors concluded that environmental stewardship is both a
key responsibility and a critical legacy of any elected public body. As such,
“the Board of Supervisors will have as one of its chief goals to integrate
environmental planning and smart growth into all we do and to leave our
land, water and air quality, better than we found it.” The board’s farsighted goal is found on page 11 of the Environmental Agenda, available
at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/environment/eip/bos_environmental_
agenda.pdf.
Achieving this goal of sustainability requires an on-going commitment
to support environmental stewardship in every aspect of daily life.
Fairfax County made this commitment to sustainability, demonstrated
by an extensive range of policies, programs and efforts, including those
promoting:
❚ T
ransit-oriented mixed-use development and green building practices.
❚ C
lean air and reduced carbon emissions.
❚ H
ealthy waterways and clean drinking water.
❚ Adaptive, holistic management of natural resources.
❚ T
ree canopy conservation, forest management and access to open
space.
❚ R
ecycling and other waste management initiatives that minimize use of
landfills.
❚ Outreach and educational programs that support stewardship values.
❚ R
eduction of environmental hazards to human health and quality of life
(e.g., biological, chemical and physical hazards, noise, light pollution and
visual pollution).
3.2 Growth and Land Use
Both Fairfax County and the larger metropolitan Washington, D.C. area are
expected to experience substantial growth into the future.
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Fairfax County’s 2014 population of approximately 1.17 million is projected
to increase to over 1.25 million by 2025. Over this same period, the
number of households is forecast to increase from about 401,000 to over
445,000. The Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG)
forecasts that the population in the region (i.e., jurisdictions within the
COG/Transportation Planning Board Planning Area) will grow by over
1.6 million between 2010 and 2040, increasing from approximately 5.05
million to approximately 6.7 million. COG forecasts that between 2010 and
2040 the region will add over 1.3 million jobs, with over 260,000 of these
new jobs located in Fairfax County.
The question, then, is not if the county will grow, but how it will grow.
The county’s growth and land use policies favor growth in mixed-use,
transit-oriented centers. These centers provide for employment growth
near both transit opportunities and residential areas. They also support
vibrant communities by creating safe and attractive streets for pedestrians
and reducing the need for vehicle trips and the resulting traffic congestion.
3.2.1 Zoning and Planning
Land use in Fairfax County is regulated by the Zoning Ordinance. Each
parcel of land in the county is zoned, and the zoning establishes both
rights and restrictions on the use and development of that parcel. These
restrictions include allowed uses and standards, including setback,
building height, open space and parking requirements. Additional
requirements exist in “overlay” districts that have been established to
address area-specific issues, such as water quality within the Occoquan
Reservoir watershed.
Development that conforms to allowed uses and standards under
the zoning ordinance proceeds “by right” – that is, it is approved
administratively and does not require a public hearing. Legislative
approval following public hearing is required for other development:
❚ R
equests for special permit uses are subject to approval by the Board of
Zoning Appeals.
❚ R
equests for special exceptions or to change the zoning of a parcel
(rezoning) are subject to approval by the Board of Supervisors.
The Fairfax County Planning Commission holds public hearings and
provides recommendations to the Board of Supervisors on all special
exception and rezoning proposals.
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In making decisions on these matters, members of the boards and
Planning Commission are guided by the Comprehensive Plan. This plan,
which is discussed in Section 2.2.5, describes the county’s land use vision
for the future and includes county-wide and area-specific policies to help
attain this vision.
More information about the Zoning Ordinance and process is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/zoning/. The Comprehensive Plan is available
at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan.
3.2.2 Transit-Oriented Mixed-Use Development
The Policy Plan volume of the county’s Comprehensive Plan contains the
Board of Supervisors’ goals, policies and objectives regarding land use,
transportation, housing, the environment, human services, public facilities,
parks and recreation, revitalization, economic development, heritage
resources and visual and performing arts.
The land use and transportation policies of the Comprehensive Plan
emphasize locating mixed uses, including employment and multifamily
housing, in activity centers (e.g., the Tysons Corner Urban Center,
suburban centers, community business centers and transit station areas)
with transportation options, especially rail transit. Transit-oriented mixeduse development (TOD) guidelines were incorporated into the Policy Plan
in March 2007.
In June 2010, the Board of Supervisors adopted an amendment to the
Comprehensive Plan for the Tysons area. The Plan amendment, which
was the culmination of one of the largest targeted planning efforts in
county history, supports TOD concepts, including the provision of housing
in employment centers. This amendment, which was designed to take
advantage of the four new Metro stations to be built in the area, received
the 2011 Daniel Burnham Award from the American Planning Association.
This award is granted to only one urban plan in the nation each year for
advancing the science and art of planning.
Other Plan amendments that support TOD concepts and/or mixed use
development and connectivity include those for Annandale, Baileys
Crossroads Seven Corners, Franconia-Springfield, Lake Anne Village
Center, the Fairfax Center Area, areas near Fort Belvoir and near future
rail stations in the Reston and Herndon areas. It is anticipated that
efforts to incorporate TOD, mixed use and connectivity concepts into the
Comprehensive Plan will continue into the future.
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The Plan’s guidance is implemented through the approval of zoning
applications. Approved and pending rezoning applications regarding
TOD and mixed use development include those affecting properties in
Tysons, Reston, the Dulles Suburban Center, Merrifield, Springfield and the
Huntington and Vienna Metrorail station areas.
The Policy Plan is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/
comprehensiveplan/policyplan/. More information about TOD is available
in the Land Use section of the Comprehensive Plan, available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan/policyplan/landuse.pdf,
particularly Objectives 2, 6 and 16 and Appendix 11.
3.2.3 Revitalization
Fairfax County’s
Office of Community
Revitalization (OCR)
facilitates strategic
redevelopment
and investment
opportunities within the
older and transforming
commercial activity
centers of the county.
These centers include
the five Commercial
Revitalization Districts
(CRD) of Annandale, Baileys Crossroads/Seven Corners, McLean,
Richmond Highway and Springfield; the two Commercial Revitalization
Areas (CRA) of Lake Anne Village Center and Merrifield; the Springfield
Town Center; Reston Transit Station Areas (TSA) and village centers; and
the Tysons Urban Center (Tysons).
OCR includes a dedicated team of planning and design professionals who
work with developers, property owners, community stakeholders, crossagency teams and consultants to provide review and direction on zoning
applications, site plans, Comprehensive Plan amendments, streetscape
and wayfinding projects, infrastructure improvement projects, public
outreach, special studies, urban design guidelines, solicitations regarding
county facilities and related development and public-private partnerships
(PPEA).
Board policy and OCR’s work program have been instrumental in
promoting a sustainable community through redevelopment and
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reinvestment. New incentives to reduce barriers for redevelopment and
facilitate revitalization and redevelopment are being implemented through
countywide initiatives aimed at improving the development process.
To achieve and sustain revitalization goals and objectives, the county
has adopted Plan guidance for each CRD/CRA, Tysons and Reston;
incorporated the Urban Parks Framework into the Policy Plan; and adopted
Urban Design Guidelines for many of its mixed-use activity centers, with
the goal of adopting such standards for additional areas. These guidelines
promote walkable, pedestrian-oriented, sustainable development and are
used to evaluate development applications and site plans.
Through the use of strategic financing mechanisms, such as the
Community Development Authority/Tax Increment Financing (CDA/TIF) that
was used for the Mosaic-Merrifield Town Center project, and other forms of
public-private partnerships, the county forms partnerships with the private
sector to complete major projects that serve the public interest.
More information about revitalization is available at www.fcrevit.org.
3.2.4 Green Buildings
Dolley Madison Library
Green Building Policy – In addition to adopting a green building policy
that applies to county capital projects, as discussed in Section 4.2.1,
Fairfax County has adopted green building policies for private sector
development. These policies for private sector development are found in
the Comprehensive Plan and are implemented through the zoning process.
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The Policy Plan volume of the Comprehensive Plan includes broad support
for green building practices. It also establishes links between green
building/energy conservation practices and the attainment of certain
Comprehensive Plan options and planned uses, as well as development
densities and intensities. One example of these linkages involves
proposals at the high end of the planned density/intensity range in the
county’s growth centers. In these centers, green building certification
through the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®)
program or its equivalent is recommended for certain nonresidential
and multi-family residential proposals. Another example that applies
countywide is the recommendation for other residential projects to
incorporate green building practices sufficient to attain certification under
an established residential green building rating system that incorporates
multiple green building concepts and that includes an ENERGY STAR®
Qualified Homes designation or comparable level of energy performance.
The Area Plan volumes of the Comprehensive Plan include area-specific
green building policy. For example, the Tysons Corner Urban Center
Area Plan recommends a LEED Silver or equivalent level of certification
for nonresidential development. Plan guidance recommends similar
efforts for specific areas within the Richmond Highway Corridor, an area
near the Town of Herndon, Reston’s Transit Station Areas and areas near
the Huntington and Franconia-Springfield Metrorail stations. Another
example of an area-specific policy is found in the Annandale Community
Business Center Plan. This Plan includes an incentive development option
that allows for increased building heights in certain areas where any of a
number of benefits are provided, including commitments to LEED Gold or
LEED Platinum certification.
During the zoning application review process, county staff receives
commitments from applicants to green building certification and
other green building efforts. At the time of finalization of this report,
commitments to green building certification had been made in over 125
approved zoning applications, with over 80 linked to LEED certification
(and over 40 of those to certification at the LEED Silver or higher level).
As some of these projects will have multiple buildings, certification
commitments apply to over 200 buildings.
More information about the county’s green building policies for
private sector development is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/
comprehensiveplan/policyplan/environment.pdf (Objective 13).
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Green Building Priority Plan Review – Both residential and commercial
development projects that will be designed to attain certain thresholds
of green building design are eligible for shorter waiting times during the
building plan review process. Commercial projects designed to reach
a minimum LEED rating of silver are eligible for this incentive, as are
residential projects designed to, as a minimum, attain one of the following
rating levels: LEED for Homes Silver; National Green Building Standards
Silver; Earthcraft Select; or three “Globes” in the Green Globes™ rating
system. Other green building rating programs are evaluated for approval
on a case-by-case basis.
County Incentives for Solar Installations – Current solar incentives
include a waiver for the permit application fee (solar hot water or solar
photovoltaic projects) and a limited solar tax incentive in accordance with
Va. Code Section 58.1-3661. This is covered by the county ordinance in
Article 18, Chapter 4, of the Fairfax County Code. Essentially, qualifying
solar equipment as approved by the Department of Public Works and
Environmental Services (DPWES) can result in a tax credit (not an
exemption) against the amount of normal property taxes due. The credit is
determined by applying the local tax rate to the value of the certified solar
equipment (the value is typically the cost of the equipment).
The tax credit is available the first tax year following the date of
application. The credit is good for five years. Although the concept for
this was generally aimed at homes, both commercial and residential
properties qualify. The link provided is the application from DPWES at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/forms/solarenergy.pdf
In addition, it is possible to obtain a same-day solar permit if proper
documentation is provided to the walk-through counter at the county’s
Permit Application Center.
3.3 Air Quality and Transportation
The federal Clean Air Act was passed in 1970 to protect public health and
welfare. Congress amended the Act in 1990 to establish requirements for
areas not meeting the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for
ground-level ozone (smog), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2),
carbon monoxide (CO), lead and particulate matter (PM). The metropolitan
Washington region is a “Marginal” nonattainment area for the 2008 eighthour standard for ground level ozone. The region is in compliance with the
NAAQS for the other five criteria pollutants.
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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) established a legal process
for evaluating air quality and identifying and classifying nonattainment
areas according to the severity of their air pollution problems. Although
emissions from stationary sources such as industrial power generation
facilities and manufacturing are significant contributors to overall air quality,
the focus of this section will be on transportation related (mobile) emissions.
Since 1970, significant progress has been made in reducing mobile source
emissions in the Washington Metropolitan region, despite increases in
population, employment and vehicle miles traveled. Most of the emissions
reductions have resulted from cleaner vehicles and cleaner fuels.
Transportation agencies, both state and local, have also contributed
to emission reductions through the implementation of transportation
system management (TSM) strategies such as traffic signalization projects
and high occupancy vehicle lanes, and through transportation demand
management (TDM) strategies such as transit facilities and pedestrian and
bicycle programs. Nevertheless, mobile sources continue to contribute
to overall air quality issues and remain an area of concern to regulatory
agencies and to the general public. More recently, mobile source air toxics
and greenhouse gas emissions have also become concerns.
3.3.1 Air Quality Planning in the Washington Metropolitan
Region
Under Section 174 of the CAAA, the governors of Maryland and Virginia
and the mayor of the District of Columbia certified the Metropolitan
Washington Air Quality Committee (MWAQC) to develop specific
recommendations for a regional air quality plan in the Washington, DC-MDVA nonattainment area.
Members of MWAQC include: elected officials from the Cities of Bowie,
College Park, Frederick, Gaithersburg, Greenbelt, Rockville and Takoma
Park in Maryland and Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Manassas and
Manassas Park in Virginia; representatives of the Montgomery and Prince
George’s county councils; the Montgomery and Prince George’s county
executives; the mayor of the District of Columbia and representatives of
the Council of the District of Columbia; and representatives of Calvert,
Charles and Frederick counties in Maryland, and Arlington, Fairfax,
Loudoun and Prince William counties in Virginia. Representatives of the
general assemblies of Maryland and Virginia, the state air management
directors, the state transportation directors and the chairman of the
National Capital Region Transportation Planning Board also are members
of MWAQC.
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The Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG), in close
cooperation with state air quality and transportation agencies, provides
technical support to MWAQC. Staffs from the local counties and cities
provide additional technical support.
MWAQC also has established an Air Quality Public Advisory Committee
(AQPAC) to provide recommendations regarding public participation in
the development of the air quality plans. AQPAC members represent
academic, business, civic and environmental groups.
In addition, MWAQC works with the Interstate Air Quality Council (IAQC),
a cabinet-level collaboration among the District of Columbia, the state of
Maryland and the commonwealth of Virginia that includes the secretaries
of the environment and transportation. The purpose of the IAQC is to
address issues of interstate transport of air pollutants and to provide a
sound process for improving regional air quality.
Once MWAQC approves the air quality attainment plan, it will be forwarded
to the Interstate Air Quality Council for approval. The governors and the
mayor (or their designees) are then required to submit the air quality State
Implementation Plans (SIPs) to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) to meet the requirements of the CAAA.
3.3.2 Transportation Planning in the Washington Metropolitan
Region
Transportation planning in the Washington metropolitan region is heavily
influenced by air quality planning. Transportation plans are tested
to ensure that the projects in the plan, when considered collectively,
contribute to the air quality improvement goals embodied in the CAAA. A
series of tests are performed with computer models that predict how much
air pollution will be generated over the next 25 years by facilities in the
plan, and how much the air will be improved by cleaner gasoline standards
and many other factors.
If the transportation plan is found to meet regional air quality goals, federal
agencies certify that the plan is “in conformity.” In other words, the plan
“conforms” to air quality improvement goals. If the plan encounters
difficulty in meeting conformity, transportation agencies may be required
to adopt Transportation Emission Reduction Measures, such as ridesharing
and telecommuting programs, improved transit and bicycling facilities,
clean fuel vehicle programs or other possible actions.
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The transportation conformity rule and the Clean Air Act require that
Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) in approved SIPs be implemented.
State air, environmental and health agencies are typically responsible
for the development of SIPs that explain how each nonattainment area
will meet the requirements of the CAAA. However, state and local
transportation agencies are required to implement the transportation
measures, so it is important that they take an active role in the
development of the SIP.
3.3.3 Washington Metropolitan Air Quality Status
EPA published a revised eight-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality
Standard (NAAQS) of 0.75 parts per billion (ppb) in March 2008. In
July 2012, EPA designated the Washington region as a “Marginal”
nonattainment area for the new standard. The region was to have met the
standard by July 20, 2015, using data for 2012-2014.
In 2014, monitors recorded data on four days during the ozone season
when ozone values were above the 0.75 ppb standard. This resulted in
a preliminary design value for 2012-2014 of 0.76 ppb. Since the region’s
design value is above the 2008 ozone standard, there is a possibility that
the region will not meet the 2008 standard, which would result in the area
being reclassified (bumped-up) to the “Moderate” nonattainment level.
To prepare for this possibility, the Metropolitan Washington Air Quality
Committee is developing a “Reasonable Further Progress” plan and laying
the groundwork for an attainment plan, if needed. Additionally, state air
agencies of the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia have sent
requests to EPA to extend the attainment date by one year to July 20,
2016. The Clean Air Act allows states to request this one year extensions
to the attainment date as long as it meets the criteria for such extensions.
EPA has not yet ruled on this request.
EPA is expected to issue a revised, lower ozone standard by October 2015.
EPA is proposing a new ozone standard in the range of 0.65 ppb to 0.70
ppb. This may require the federal and state governments and localities to
implement new measures to reduce ozone pollution.
3.3.4 Fairfax County Transportation Initiatives
Fairfax County is a major contributor of funding for the operations of the
Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). In addition, the
county’s Department of Transportation (DOT) has a number of initiatives
supporting transit use in Fairfax County. The Employer Services Program
provides outreach to employers on transportation demand management
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strategies, including rideshare
incentives and promotions,
computerized ridematching,
carpool incentives such as
preferred parking, subsidies and
telework programs.
Other DOT efforts include: the
Connector Bus system; the
“RideSources” program, which
provides ridesharing information
and ridematching assistance to
commuters (part of the regional
Commuter Connections system);
the Community Residential Program, which assists residential communities
with the assessment and promotion of alternatives to single occupant
vehicle trips; and the provision of Park-and-Ride lots. Employees are
eligible to receive a subsidy for transit use of up to $120 per county
employee. More information is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/fcdot/.
3.4 Water Resources
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 was enacted as the first
law to address water pollution. Increased awareness and concern of water
pollution in the following years throughout the U.S. led to amendments to
the law in 1972, which became known as the Clean Water Act (CWA).
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The Clean Water Act requires states and their municipalities to meet
certain water quality standards for all contaminants in surface waters. The
Act established: authority for EPA to implement pollution control programs
(with delegation to the states); a basic structure for regulating pollutant
discharges (through construction, industrial, wastewater and municipal
separate storm sewer systems or MS4 permits); water quality standards for
surface waters (including impaired waters and total maximum daily loads);
and the need to address critical issues in the Chesapeake Bay.
Additionally, in 1974 Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act, which
regulates public drinking water supply through national health-based
standards for drinking water from every day water systems. The law has
been amended twice and requires actions to be taken to protect drinking
water and its sources.
Since the passage of the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act,
federal and state agencies have had great success in controlling pollution
from point sources (industrial and wastewater discharges) and protecting
public water supplies. In more recent years, continued efforts to improve
the water quality of rivers, estuaries and lakes have led to an increased
focus on addressing nonpoint source pollution such as agricultural and
urban stormwater runoff.
3.4.1 Stormwater
Big Rocky Run Stream
Restoration Before and After
Fairfax County has made
landmark investments in
addressing stormwater
management and
controlling water pollutants.
Stormwater is the runoff
from rainfall and snowmelt
that flows across the land
and impervious areas
such as paved streets,
parking lots and building
rooftops. Stormwater
runoff can pick up and carry
sediments, nutrients, toxic
substances, pathogens
and other pollutants to
lakes, streams, rivers,
wetlands and coastal waters.
These pollutants have the
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potential to harm drinking water supplies, recreation and aquatic life. In
addition, impervious surfaces prevent water from infiltrating the ground,
causing higher volumes of stormwater runoff to flow into storm drains at
higher speeds. When this higher volume of stormwater runoff empties
into receiving streams, it can severely erode stream banks and damage
sensitive stream valley ecosystems. The county is proactive in the mission
of environmentally friendly stormwater management and control through
ongoing activities. For more information on stormwater management
funding to protect streams and rivers, see Section 2.4, Strategic
Framework: Funding Mechanisms.
Watershed Management Planning – Over the past several years, the Board
of Supervisors adopted watershed management plans covering all 30 of
the county’s watersheds. Each plan provides an assessment of stormwater
conditions, recommends protection strategies, prioritizes improvement
projects and encourages public involvement. The watershed management
plans and recommended improvement projects can be found online at:
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/watersheds/.
Stormwater Capital
Projects – Fairfax County
and its partners continue
to implement stormwater
management-related
capital projects, including
flood mitigation projects,
stormwater management
facility retrofits, low impact
development (LID) projects,
stream restoration projects
and stream stabilization
projects.
Operations – Fairfax
County maintains and
operates its stormwater
management facilities
and stormwater drainage
infrastructure consistent
with the requirements of its
Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit, which regulates
discharges of stormwater from the county’s MS4. In an effort to minimize
the pollutants reaching the MS4 and streams, the county also implements
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best management practices as required by the permit for: operation of
county maintained roadways; use of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers
on county properties; controlling industrial and high risk runoff; detection
and elimination of sources of illicit discharges; and spill response.
Monitoring and Assessment – Fairfax County conducts watershed
water quality monitoring, dry weather screening, wet weather screening,
physical habitat evaluations and biological assessment of fish and aquatic
macroinvertebrates.
Public Outreach and Education – Fairfax County continues to partner with
local organizations to implement programs informing residents of water
quality issues and encouraging environmental stewardship.
Strategic Initiatives – Fairfax County and its partners work proactively to
improve the county’s stormwater management through the flood response
program, MS4 program planning and watershed management planning.
Stormwater Management Status Reports are available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/stormwater/stormwater_status.htm.
3.4.2 Wastewater
Fairfax County’s Wastewater Management Program provides wholesale
sewer service to the Towns of Herndon and Vienna, the Cities of Fairfax
and Falls Church, and a small portion of Arlington County in addition to
Fairfax County. The county’s wastewater system has been featured on
United States Environmental Protection Agency’s website for innovative
use of Capacity, Management, Operation and Maintenance (CMOM)
techniques as well as system rehabilitation and diagnostic methods for
minimizing sanitary sewer overflows, which in turn protect the quality of
life in Fairfax County and water quality in its streams. See www.epa.gov/
npdes/pubs/sso_casestudy_fairfax.pdf.
Wastewater Capital Projects – a majority of the recent capital projects
have been related to upgrading the wastewater treatment plants that serve
the county to meet the more stringent federal and state requirements for
improving the water quality in the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay.
The completed plant upgrades have resulted in nitrogen discharge levels
that are consistently below permitted limits.
Operations – The county’s wastewater system consists of approximately
3,400 miles of sewer lines, 63 sewage pumping stations, 280 sewage
grinder pumps and 53 flow metering stations.
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The 100 million gallons per day
(MGD) of wastewater generated in
the county is conveyed and treated
at the county-owned and operated
Noman M. Cole, Jr. Pollution
Control Plant, five regional
treatment facilities (Prince William
County Service Authority, DC
Water Blue Plains plant, Alexandria
Renew, Arlington County, Upper
Occoquan Service Authority), and
one privately owned (Colchester)
plant in accordance with their
Virginia Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System permits. The treatment plants serving the county
under service agreements are listed below, showing the county’s allocated
capacity at each of the plants:
Plant
County Capacity (MGD)
Noman M. Cole, Jr.......................................................................................67.00
Colchester (Private)..................................................................................... 0.08
Prince William County Service Authority.................................................... 0.10
Blue Plains (DC Water)...............................................................................31.00
Alexandria (AlexRenew)............................................................................ 32.40
Arlington County.......................................................................................... 3.00
Upper Occoquan Service Authority......................................................... 22.60
Loudoun County (Broad Run)...................................................................... 1.00
TOTAL.......................................................................................................... 157.18
Public Outreach – Wastewater Management employees bring Sewer
Science to the county’s high schools. The Sewer Science program, which
meets the requirements of Virginia Standards of Learning, is a hands-on
program that teaches high school students about wastewater treatment
in a laboratory setting. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/wastewater/
sewerscience.htm.
Rigorous and Sustainable Analytical Services – Value-added and reliable
laboratory capacity is a critical function for defining environmental quality.
Wastewater Management maintains an advance analytical capability that
is certified under Virginia Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program
to accurately and confidently assess the environmental effects of its
programs and ensure regulatory compliance. Wastewater Management is
also pursuing more sustainable laboratory practices through upgrading or
adding new, more energy efficient analytical instrumentation, which uses
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Solar mixer at Noman M. Cole,
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less toxic/hazardous reagents as well as minimizes sample and reagent
waste, and reduces chemical emissions to ensure more consistent use of
green chemistry principles.
Wastewater Reuse – In addition to wastewater reuse at the waste-toenergy facility described in Section 3.7.2, fully treated wastewater is
being delivered to the Laurel Hill Golf Course and the South County Little
League Athletic Fields for irrigation purposes. In addition, the Upper
Occoquan Service Authority (UOSA) discharge also supplements flows into
the Occoquan Reservoir and is an internationally recognized example of
successful indirect reuse.
Virginia Environmental Excellence Program – The Virginia Department
of Environmental Quality has established the Virginia Environmental
Excellence Program to encourage superior environmental performance
by use of environmental management systems and pollution prevention.
Wastewater Management has received the highest level of the
Environmental Excellence Program, which is “Extraordinary Environmental
Enterprise,” or E4.
3.4.3 Water Supply Planning
Virginia experienced serious droughts in 1999 and 2002. Largely as
a result of these droughts, in November 2005 the State Water Control
Board (SWCB), a regulatory board comprised of citizen-appointees,
enacted regulations establishing the requirement and criteria for a
planning process for all local governments to develop local or regional
water supply plans. The purposes of these regulations, codified at 9 VAC
25-780, Local and Regional Water Supply Planning, are to: (1) ensure
that adequate and safe drinking water is available to all citizens of the
commonwealth; (2) encourage, promote and protect all other beneficial
uses of the commonwealth’s water resources; and (3) encourage, promote
and develop incentives for alternative water sources, including but not
limited to desalinization. Localities were required to submit their Water
Supply Plans (WSPs) by November 2011 to the Virginia Department of
Environmental Quality (DEQ), which administers regulations enacted by
the SWCB.
Fairfax County has participated in the development of a regional water
supply plan (WSP) encompassing 22 Northern Virginia jurisdictions. In
2007, these jurisdictions designated the Northern Virginia Regional
Commission (NVRC) as the lead agency responsible for developing the
initial Northern Virginia WSP. Fairfax Water (www.fairfaxwater.org), which
provides water service to nearly two million people in the Northern Virginia
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counties of Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince William, the cities of Fairfax, Falls
Church and Alexandria and the Towns of Vienna and Herndon, served as
the county’s designated agent in the WSP development process.
The Northern Virginia WSP includes numerous elements, including
descriptions of existing water uses, sources and resource conditions, an
assessment of projected water demand, water management actions that
address water conservation and an evaluation of alternative water sources
to address projected deficits in water supplies.
The SWCB also conducts a five-year review to assess the adequacy of a
WSP to meet water demands. A revised WSP must be submitted within five
years if the circumstances have changed significantly or new information
renders a WSP inadequate. WSPs must be reviewed, revised if necessary
and resubmitted to DEQ every ten years from the date of last approval.
The planning horizon for Northern Virginia’s WSP extends to the year
2040. The WSP assessment indicates that new sources of supply
are needed in the 2035-2040 timeframe in order to avoid emergency
restrictions and potential water shortages.
Fairfax Water has planned proactively to meet future water supply
demands. In June 2015, the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors and
Fairfax County Board of Zoning Appeals approved a series of zoning
applications from Fairfax Water and Vulcan Construction Materials that
will provide for a two phase conversion of a quarry into a water supply
storage facility; this effort has been designed to address the need for new
water supply sources in the 2035-2040 timeframe and ultimately into the
next century.
The county also has adopted regulations restricting water use during
drought and emergencies. These regulations, located in Chapter 113
(Water Use, Emergency Regulations) of the County Code, satisfy state
requirements for drought response and contingency plans.
More information regarding the Northern Virginia WSP is available at
http://www.novaregion.org/index.aspx?nid=1214.
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3.5 Parks and Ecological Resource Management
3.5.1 Open Space in Fairfax County
Burke Lake Park
Fairfax County contains approximately 50,812 acres of open space owned
by local, state and federal agencies and organizations. (This number does
not include unknown but substantial acreage under special tax district,
rural or low-density residential areas or lands owned by civic associations
within subdivisions.)
Almost half of the open space in the county – over 23,000 acres – is
owned by the Fairfax County Park Authority (FCPA). The Board of
Supervisors created FCPA in December 1950 and authorized it to make
decisions concerning land acquisition, park development and operations
in the county. Today, FCPA manages and operates over 420 parks. In
addition to its role in providing recreational facilities and services, FCPA
is the primary public mechanism for preserving environmentally-sensitive
land and resources and areas of historic significance in Fairfax County.
More information about FCPA is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/.
Listed below are other owners of substantial open space in the county,
including state and federal agencies and organizations.
Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority/NOVA Parks (NVRPA) – NVRPA
was established in 1959 to protect natural resources from the threat of
urban sprawl and provide recreational amenities. NOVA Parks owns about
8,270 acres in Fairfax County, primarily along the Bull Run-Occoquan river
corridor and reservoir, the Potomac River and on Pohick Bay on Mason
Neck. See www.nvrpa.org.
Reston Association (RA) – Founded as Virginia’s first planned residential
community in the mid-1960s, RA owns over 1,350 acres of open space. Its
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holdings include 55 miles of paved and natural surface trails, more than
700 acres of forest, 50 meadows and numerous water resources including
four lakes and 20 miles of stream. See www.reston.org.
U.S. Department of Defense – Fort Belvoir is a strategic sustaining base for
the U.S. Army that houses numerous agencies providing logistical, intelligence
and administrative support. The county considers about 4,990 of Fort Belvoir’s
8,500 acres to be open space. See www.belvoir.army.mil/default.asp.
U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) – In October
2001, BLM exchanged a portion of the former Lorton Prison property to
acquire the 800-acre Meadowood Special Recreation Management Area.
The acquisition was intended to preserve open space on Mason Neck
and provide wildlife habitat, recreation and environmental education.
See www.blm.gov/es/st/en/fo/lpfo_html/meadowood_history.html.
U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service – The 2,277-acre
Elizabeth Hartwell Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge, located on Mason
Neck, is the oldest and largest refuge within the Potomac River refuge
complex. Established in 1969 under the Endangered Species Act, its focus
is on forest, marsh and riverine habitat important to the bald eagle. See
www.fws.gov/refuge/mason_neck.
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service – George
Washington Memorial Parkway is a 7,600-acre national park protecting the
landscape, historic sites and native habitat of the Potomac shoreline. See
www.nps.gov/gwmp/index.htm.
Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation – Mason Neck State
Park is comprised of 1,825 acres within the Elizabeth Hartwell Mason Neck
National Wildlife Refuge that include wetlands, forest, open water, ponds and
open fields. See http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/state-parks/mason-neck.shtml.
Additionally, certain organizations work to preserve open space
through the negotiation and acquisition of conservation easements. A
conservation easement typically restricts an owner’s rights to subdivide
or develop his/her property, to remove trees, or to excavate or fill the
property. One such organization active in Fairfax County is the Northern
Virginia Conservation Trust (NVCT). NVCT, which was founded in 1994,
helps local governments and private landowners voluntarily preserve
natural areas, trails, streams and parks. NVCT has helped preserve 739
acres in Fairfax County. See http://www.nvct.org.
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3.5.2 Natural Resource Management
Until a few decades ago, land management consisted of benign neglect,
with areas left alone under the assumption that they were self-sustaining.
Land management professionals now understand that there are
tremendous pressures on remaining natural areas, that their conditions are
declining and that active management is necessary to restore their health.
Huntley Meadow Red
Today, natural resources are considered
natural capital. This capital consists of
various elements: living organisms; non-living
components such as air, water and soil; the
ecosystems they form; and the environmental
services they provide, including cleaning air
and water, supporting wildlife and contributing
to the quality of life. Natural capital is not
self-sustaining; instead, deliberate care and
investment are required to enhance, protect and
preserve it.
Bellied Woodpecker
Agencies that manage resources in Fairfax
County include FCPA, Urban Forest Management, the Stormwater Division
of the Department of Public Works and Environmental Services, the
Police Department and the Northern Virginia Soil and Water Conservation
District. Additionally, the county has engaged many partners, including
nonprofit organizations such as the Audubon Society of Northern Virginia,
Earth Sangha, Fairfax RELeaf and the Fairfax Chapter of Virginia Master
Naturalists.
Examples of the county’s natural resource/capital management programs
include:
❚ F
airfax County Watershed Planning and Watershed Plan Implementation
(www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/watersheds/).
❚ F
airfax County Park Authority Natural Resource Management Plan
Implementation (www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/resource-management/
nrmp.htm).
❚ F
airfax County Deer Management Program (www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
living/wildlife/deer-management/).
❚ F
airfax County Goose Management (http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/
wildlife/management/geese-management.htm).
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Scotts Run
3.5.3 Policy and Regulatory Mechanisms for Protecting
Natural Resources
Section 2 describes the regulatory, policy and strategic framework of
the county’s environmental programs, including a brief introduction
to the county’s Comprehensive Plan and environmental ordinances.
Section 3.5.3 discusses three county regulations that play a key role in
the protection of natural resources: the Chesapeake Bay Preservation
Ordinance, the Floodplain Regulations of the county’s Zoning Ordinance
and the Wetlands Zoning Ordinance. Also discussed is the Environmental
Quality Corridor policy in the Comprehensive Plan, which plays a
significant role in protecting natural resources.
3.5.3.A Chesapeake Bay Preservation Ordinance
All of Fairfax County drains into the Potomac River and ultimately the
Chesapeake Bay. As a result, land use and development activities in the
county can adversely impact the water quality of both the county streams
and downstream resources.
In 1988, the Commonwealth of Virginia enacted the Chesapeake Bay
Preservation Act, which required 84 localities in Virginia, including Fairfax
County, to institute water quality protection measures to improve the
declining health of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. The county
adopted the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Ordinance in 1993 to protect
both local streams and the Chesapeake Bay from pollution due to land use
and development in the county. The ordinance was substantially revised
in 2003.
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The Chesapeake Bay Preservation Ordinance imposes water quality
requirements on all development and redevelopment projects in the
county. Sensitive areas along streams, rivers and other waterways
throughout the county are designated as Resource Protection Areas
(RPAs). With some exemptions and exceptions, land disturbance in RPAs
is prohibited. Other areas of the county that are not in RPAs have been
designated as Resource Management Areas (RMAs). RMAs are comprised
of lands that, if improperly used or developed, have the potential to
significantly harm water quality or diminish the functional value of
the RPA. Collectively, RPAs and RMAs are known as Chesapeake Bay
Preservation Areas.
More information about the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Ordinance,
including maps and FAQs, is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/
environmental/cbay/.
3.5.3.B Floodplain Regulation
A floodplain is the flat area located adjacent to a stream channel that is
prone to flooding. When stream banks overflow during or after a storm,
the floodplain provides natural storage for the excess water. In Fairfax
County, the 100-year frequency storm is used to determine the limits of
the floodplain.
The Floodplain Regulations of the Zoning Ordinance establish two types of
regulated floodplain areas:
❚ T
he “Minor Floodplain,” associated with streams with drainage areas
between 70 and 360 acres.
❚ T
he “Major Floodplain,” associated with streams with drainage areas
greater than 360 acres.
The Floodplain Regulations serve a number of purposes. They are
intended to protect against loss of life, health or property from flood or
other dangers. They are also intended to preserve and protect floodplains
in as natural a state as possible, thereby (1) preserving wildlife habitats; (2)
maintaining the natural integrity and function of the streams; (3) protecting
water quality; and (4) promoting a zone for ground water recharge.
A limited number of uses are permitted in floodplains, although additional
uses can be approved by the Board of Supervisors through a special
exception. All floodplain uses are subject to a series of limitations that
serve to protect public safety and minimize adverse environmental impacts
associated with these uses.
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Floodplain Regulations are addressed in Part 9 of Article 2 of the Zoning
Ordinance, available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/zoningordinance/
articles/art02.pdf.
3.5.3.C Wetlands Zoning Ordinance
Fairfax County has approximately 112 linear miles of tidal shoreline,
according to the Center for Coastal Resources Management of the Virginia
Institute of Marine Science. This shoreline traverses south along the
Potomac River from Cameron Run to the Occoquan Reservoir, where the
tidal influence terminates at the dam.
Tidal wetlands are valuable natural resources that help prevent flooding,
improve water quality and provide habitat. The Wetlands Zoning
Ordinance was adopted in recognition of the environmental functions
provided by tidal wetlands in the county and the need to ensure that
development activities in tidal areas occur in a manner that minimizes
adverse impacts to these wetlands.
The Fairfax County Wetlands Board has adopted a “Living Shoreline”
Stabilization Policy that encourages vegetative shoreline stabilization in
shoreline areas which are appropriate for such stabilization. The policy is
available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/environment/finallivingshoreline.pdf.
Before making changes to waterfront property or undertaking landdisturbing activities, a property owner may need to obtain a permit from the
Wetlands Board (and other agencies). Examples of such activities include:
❚ A
construction project on or adjacent to a tidal body of water.
❚ A
construction project in which fill material is placed in or near tidal
wetlands.
❚ A
project designed to protect property adjacent to the shoreline.
The Wetlands Board requires mitigation or compensation for unavoidable
tidal wetlands loss, as explained in its policy, available at www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/dpz/environment/wetlands/mitigation_compensation_policy_
adopted.pdf. Additional Information for waterfront property owners is
available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/environment/wetlands.
3.5.3.D Comprehensive Plan Policy
The Environment section of the Policy Plan volume of the Comprehensive
Plan provides broad environmental policy guidance that is applied
during the zoning process. The Environment section includes numerous
policies, including those recommending the identification, protection and
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restoration of Environmental Quality Corridors (EQCs) and streams and
buffer areas upstream of EQCs.
The EQC system is an open space system in Fairfax County designed
to preserve, restore and link natural resource areas. The core of this
system is the county’s streams. The EQC policy recommends protection
and restoration of environmentally-sensitive lands, including a number of
features near streams (steep slopes in stream valleys, wetlands connected
to stream valleys and 100-year floodplains). The policy also recommends
protection and restoration of upland habitats that augment the habitats
and buffers provided by stream valleys. The EQC policy has been refined
since its initial adoption in 1975 but continues to be a centerpiece of
Fairfax County’s environmental policy.
The Department of Planning and Zoning, which negotiates zoning
commitments made by developers, estimates that EQC commitments
have protected thousands of acres of land that would not otherwise
have been protected through regulation. Flexible zoning provisions
often allow developers to concentrate densities/intensities on the lesssensitive portions of their sites, thereby achieving both desired levels of
development and the protection of EQCs and other desirable open space.
The EQC policy is found in Objective 9 of the Environment section of the
Policy Plan, available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/comprehensiveplan/
policyplan/environment.pdf.
3.6 Trees and Tree Conservation
Fairfax County’s urban forest is critical to
enhancing the livability and sustainability
of our community. Management of
the trees within our urban forests to
maximize the multitude of benefits they
provide to residents is an essential step
in successfully reaching the commitments
and goals of the Board of Supervisor’s
Environmental Agenda, the Tree
Action Plan, the Cool Counties Climate
Stabilization Initiative and other county
public health, livability and sustainability
initiatives and programs.
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An August 2010 study commissioned by the county using i-Tree Ecosystem
Analysis assessed the structure, function and value of the Fairfax
County urban forest as of 2009. According to the assessment, Fairfax
County’s urban forest has over 20,900,000 trees that provide significant
environmental, economic and social benefits. Each year, this urban
forest removes 4,670 tons of air pollutants at a value of close to $22
million a year, and stores 3,879,000 tons of carbon, equal to the annual
carbon emissions from 1,169,000 single family homes. Other economic
benefits include residential energy savings of approximately $11.9 million
(based on 2002 prices) due to shading and evaporative cooling. The
i-Tree Ecosystem Analysis is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/
environmental/trees.htm.
The value of urban trees’ and forests’ contributions to human health and
well-being, including physical and mental well-being, building a sense of
community and economic development, are now well documented. Much
of the social science on the value of urban forests and urban greening is
available at http://depts.washington.edu/hhwb/.
3.6.1 Urban Forest Management
The Urban Forest Management Division (UFMD) of the Department of
Public Works and Environmental Services is the primary county agency
responsible for managing trees and forests in Fairfax County. UFMD
coordinates and implements the county’s efforts to manage our urban
forest resources, including advancing the Board’s Environmental Agenda to:
❚ Increase tree conservation in land development.
❚ Improve air quality through tree conservation policies and practices.
❚ Improve water quality and stormwater management through tree
conservation.
❚ F
oster an appreciation for our urban forest and inspire county residents
to protect, plant and manage trees and forest stands on public and
private lands.
UFMD draws on science, education and strong partnerships to help
achieve a healthy urban forest. Its key responsibilities and activities
include:
❚ Implementing the Tree Action Plan. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/
environmental/tap.htm/.
❚ Conducting vegetation mapping and surveys.
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❚ D
eveloping ordinances and policy for tree preservation, including the
Tree Conservation provisions of the county’s Public Facilities Manual.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/publications/pfm/chapter12.pdf.
❚ P
roviding public education and outreach at a range of venues, including
community tree planting events, school programs and local fairs.
❚ P
artnering with nonprofit environmental and tree planting groups in
support of the county’s tree planting and conservation efforts.
❚ Promoting the use of natural landscaping techniques on public and
private property.
❚ P
roviding assistance on tree and landscape requirements and issues
to residents, the development community and other county agencies
throughout the land development process including:
❚ Rezoning and other zoning case reviews.
❚ Site plan reviews.
❚ Site inspections.
❚ Final inspections for bond release.
❚ Identifying, monitoring and providing limited suppression of forest insect
pest infestations throughout the county. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
dpwes/environmental/forest_pest.htm.
In addition, the Urban Forest Management Division provides staff support
to the Tree Commission. The Tree Commission is comprised of 15 citizens
appointed by the Board of Supervisors to advise the board on tree-related
matters. These matters include tree conservation as well as vegetation
preservation and planting. The commission also assists the UFMD in
developing and maintaining technical specifications and guidelines. More
information about the UFMD, including a link to the Tree Commission, is
available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/environmental/ufmdmain.htm.
3.6.2 Tree Action Plan
The Tree Action Plan is a 20-year strategy for conserving and managing
the county’s tree resources. The Tree Action Plan, which was adopted
in December 2006, was developed through a collaborative process
that involved the Tree Commission, county staff, residents and builders.
The plan reflects three key goals: to commit to conserve current tree
assets; to enhance the legacy for future generations; and to increase the
effectiveness of urban forestry with planning and policymaking.
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To achieve these goals, the Tree Action Plan includes 12 core
recommendations through which trees are accorded a high priority and
integrated into urban planning. Trees are not considered ornamental
or decorative but, instead, are recognized as infrastructure providing
environmental, economic and social benefits.
Tree Action Plan Core Recommendations
❚ E
ngage and educate.
❚ B
uild strong partnerships and alliances.
❚ O
ptimize tree conservation in county policies.
❚ Improve air quality and address climate change through tree
conservation.
❚ Improve water quality and stormwater management through tree
conservation.
❚ U
se ecosystem management to improve and sustain the health and
diversity of our urban forest.
❚ S
trengthen state-enabling authority for tree conservation.
❚ E
ncourage sustainable design practices.
❚ P
lant and protect trees by streams, streets and trails.
❚ O
ptimize tree conservation in land development.
❚ O
ptimize tree conservation in utility and public facilities projects.
❚ Support and refine the county’s urban forestry programs.
Each of the plan’s 12 core recommendations includes goals, strategies and
tactics to help achieve the recommendation.
The Board of Supervisors has taken a number of actions based on
recommendations in the Tree Action Plan. For example, in June 2007,
the board formally adopted a 30-year tree canopy goal. The board also
has initiated a countywide tree planting program to improve air and water
quality and to achieve other objectives of the board’s Environmental
Agenda. To support the tree planting program, the board established
the Tree Preservation and Planting Fund (TPPF). The TPPF collects and
disburses funding for tree-related projects to nonprofit organizations,
county agencies and regional government agencies.
More information, including links to the Tree Action Plan and the TPPF
brochure, is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/environmental
/tap.htm/.
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3.7 Solid Waste Management
The Fairfax County Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP) is
responsible for providing solid waste management services in an
efficient and cost-effective manner while complying with federal and
state environmental regulations. The SWMP has managed disposal and
recycling services for Fairfax County residents and businesses since 1950.
3.7.1 Recycling
In 1990, the SWMP established a residential curbside recycling collection
program. In 2014, Fairfax County recycled 48 percent of all municipal solid
waste generated within the county.
In addition to curbside recycling, the SWMP has established a number of
related recycling and waste disposal programs for county residents.
❚ Since the early 1990s, SWMP has operated two permanent collection
sites where it accepts residents’ household hazardous waste at
no charge for disposal in accordance with local, state and federal
regulations. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/trash/disphhw.htm.
❚ Recycling drop-off centers are located throughout the county. Items
accepted vary by location, but all sites accept newspaper, mixed paper,
glass jars and bottles, and plastic bottles and jugs.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/recycling/doclst.htm.
❚ Each year, SWMP hosts secure document shredding events at various
locations around the county. County residents can drop off up to
five medium-sized boxes of sensitive documents for secure on-site
shredding. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/recycling/shredding.htm.
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❚ S
ince 2009, the county has
collected over 1,100,000 pounds
of obsolete electronics each year,
including televisions, computers
and peripheral devices such as
keyboards, speakers, printers and
external drives. Currently, electronic
waste, or e-waste, is collected daily
at the two Recycling and Disposal
Centers (RDCs) at no charge to
county residents.
See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/
recycling/electric-sunday.htm.
More information about the SWMP
recycling programs is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/recycling/.
3.7.2 SWMP Green Initiatives
In addition to offering environmentally-responsible waste recycling and
disposal options to residents, the SWMP strives to be environmentally
responsible in its own operations. These operations include:
Waste-to-Energy – Solid waste disposal capacity in Fairfax County is
provided by a waste-to-energy facility, located in Lorton, Virginia. This
facility burns about 3,000 tons per day of solid waste. Incineration
avoids the need to landfill refuse and the resulting production of potent
greenhouse gases (GHG). About one half of a ton of carbon dioxide
equivalent is prevented from being released into the atmosphere for each
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ton of solid waste processed. It also powers generators that produce
about 80 megawatts of electricity; the sale of electricity to a regional
transmission market partially offsets the cost of operation of the county’s
solid waste management program. The facility has not exceeded the
emission limits of its air pollution control permit, or Title V permit, during
its operational history. Use of reagents, scrubbers, combustion controls
and other technology to clean the stack gases ensures that roughly 98%
of all pollutants are removed. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/trash/
dispomsf.htm/.
Landfill Gas – The SWMP is responsible for managing two closed landfills
in the county: the I-95 Landfill Complex and the I-66 Transfer Station.
Landfill gas (LFG) collection systems are installed at both sites. At the
I-95 Landfill Complex, LFG is used to generate about six megawatts of
electricity, which is sold to the local electric utility. LFG from the I-95 site
is also used in the combustion process at the county’s nearby wastewater
treatment plant, saving the county about $100,000 per year in natural gas
costs. At both the I-95 and I-66 sites, LFG is used to power gas heaters
installed in maintenance facilities and truck washes, saving about $90,000
in annual fuel costs. The county’s LFG projects prevent the release of an
estimated 300,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions each year. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/trash/dispmethrvc.htm.
Wastewater Reuse – The SWMP partnered with the county’s wastewater
treatment program to develop a wastewater reuse project. Under this
project, about 1.3 million gallons of treated but non-potable water is
pumped from the wastewater treatment plant to the waste-to-energy
facility, where it is used as cooling water. Substituting non-potable for
potable (drinking) water conserves water resources and reduces water
purchase costs. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/wastewater/water_
reuse/.
Each of these operations
is discussed in more
detail in Section 4.6,
Waste Management.
Other Sustainability
Initiatives the SWMP
continues to pursue
green initiatives. In 2011,
the I-66 Transfer Station
workers’ facility was
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designed and built as a LEED Silver facility. At the I-95 Landfill Complex,
the SWMP is exploring the development of additional power generating
capacity. This project, part of the Lorton Green Energy Triangle, involves
the possible installation of solar panel arrays on the cap of the closed
landfill.
3.8 Community Outreach, Education and
Stewardship
3.8.1 Community Stewardship Opportunities
A wide variety of Fairfax County programs engage adults and youth in
volunteer opportunities and other hands-on environmental stewardship
activities, including:
❚ S
tream Monitoring – Volunteers monitor local stream health four times
each year. Training, equipment and certification are provided by the
Northern Virginia Soil and Water Conservation District.
❚ S
torm Drain Marking – The county’s network of storm drains directs
stormwater to streams, not the wastewater treatment plant. As a result,
substances dumped in the storm drains – from pet waste to trash –
flow into county streams. To remind residents to protect the streams,
program volunteers label storm drains with watershed-specific “no
dumping” markers.
❚ S
tream Clean-ups – Free supplies for litter cleanups in parks, streams
and neighborhoods are provided through partnerships with community
organizations including Clean Fairfax and the Alice Ferguson
Foundation.
❚ Tree Planting – Fairfax County and partner organization Fairfax ReLeaf
support volunteer tree planting in the spring and fall on community
property, schoolyards and other sites.
More information about these and other watershed volunteer
opportunities is available at http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/
stormwater/volunteer.htm/.
Other volunteer opportunities focus on county parkland, including:
❚ Invasive Management Area Program – This Fairfax County Park
Authority (FCPA) program recruits and trains volunteers to lead and
participate in invasive plant removal in county parklands. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/resources/ima/.
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❚ Trail Improvements – FCPA has seven trail partner groups that have
adopted sections of the Cross County Trail. Each group is responsible
for oversight and routine maintenance of its individual section.
Re-routings and other trail improvements are also coordinated through
these groups. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/cct/.
❚ A
dopt-A-Field/Adopt-A-Park – This program is a cooperative venture
between FCPA and interested community organizations and citizens.
Groups or individuals assume maintenance responsibility for designated
park areas or facilities. Areas within parks may include flower beds,
playgrounds, stream valleys, trees and other points of interest. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/volunteer/wp-adopt.htm.
More information about volunteer opportunities in the parks is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/volunteer/rmdvol-main.htm.
County residents can also pursue service on one of the county’s many
boards, authorities and commissions that address environmental issues
(see Section 1.2.3 of this report). Residents interested in serving on these
committees should contact their Supervisors.
In addition to volunteer opportunities, the county and its partner
organizations offer activities that promote environmental stewardship.
A number of such activities are offered by the Northern Virginia Soil and
Water Conservation District, including:
❚ W
atershed-Friendly Garden Tour – Rain gardens, green roofs, porous
pavers and other features are highlighted in this annual tour of
innovative home, school and community gardens. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/gardentour.htm.
❚ R
ain Barrel Program – Participants build and take home low-cost rain
barrels, reducing runoff and harvesting rainwater for reuse. Since 2007,
more than 3,000 barrels have been distributed. See www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/nvswcd/rainbarrels.htm.
❚ Build-Your-Own Composter – Each workshop participant builds and takes
home a low-cost tumbler-style composter built from a recycled pickle
barrel, gas pipe and pre-cut 2x4s. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/
announcements.htm.
❚ Seedling Sale – NVSWCD distributes low-cost native shrubs and trees
to residents each spring for planting on private property. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/nvswcd/seedlingsale.htm.
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3.8.2 Presentations and Publications
One way the county promotes environmental awareness and stewardship
is through its Facebook Environment page. Other ways include public
education campaigns, presentations, awards and its website.
Young children can learn about a healthy environment with the “Stormy the
Raindrop” program. This public education campaign encourages children
to appreciate and take better care of their environment, and to pass on
this desire to their peers and parents. The campaign includes two Stormythemed activity books, puppet shows and numerous appearances at county
events and venues. The program earned Best of Category in the National
Association of Counties 2012 Achievement Awards. More information is
available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/stormwater/stormy/.
For older children and teens, educational programs sponsored by the
Fairfax County Park Authority (FCPA) supplement the hands-on activities
described in Section 3.8.1. For example, the county’s Hidden Pond
Nature Center and Park offers school-age children programs on wetlands
ecosystems – its most requested program topic – as well as those on
reptiles and amphibians and rocks, minerals and soil. More information
about the Hidden Pond Nature Center school programs is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/hidden-pond/schoolmenu.htm.
Residents of all ages can watch television programs with environmental
themes produced by the county and broadcast on its Channel 16 station.
Programs include Can the Grease, Stop Bagging our Streams, Green
Buildings and Live Energy Efficient Now. These and other programs are
available on a video-on-demand (VOD) basis at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
cable/channel16/vod.htm.
Meetings, seminars, festivals and townhall meetings provide additional
options to enhance energy and environmental awareness. Speakers from
county agencies and partner groups give presentations to neighborhoods
and other community groups on a range of topics. Master Gardener,
Master Naturalist and Tree Steward courses educate and establish
a volunteer base for environmental projects and programs. Green
Breakfast presentations sponsored by the Northern Virginia Soil and
Water Conservation District engage county residents six times a year on
emerging and innovative green topics. Meetings of the Fairfax County
Environmental Quality Advisory Council (www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/
eqac/) and other boards and commissions are open to the public and offer
more opportunities to hear from speakers about environmental issues in
the county.
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Award ceremonies also create opportunities to further environmental
awareness. For example, each year the Board of Supervisors recognizes
those who dedicate their time and energy to benefit the environment and
support county environmental initiatives. Since 2000, 50 Environmental
Excellence Award winners have been selected. These awardees,
who have been honored by the Board of Supervisors during its public
meetings, include 16 county residents, 15 organizations, nine businesses,
and 10 county employees. A list of award recipients is available at www.
fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/eqac/awards.htm.
In addition to the VOD programs, the county’s website offers a wealth
of resources related to environmental awareness and stewardship. For
example:
❚ T
he county’s Energy Action Fairfax Web pages include energy-saving
tips and innovative video presentations to help homeowners reduce their
energy consumption. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/energyactionfairfax/.
❚ S
tewardship Brochures published by FCPA address topics ranging
from beavers to wildlife conflicts, while its Nature Pages help visitors
explore the county’s environmental and cultural resources. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/parks/resource-management.
❚ A
Water Overview provided by the Department of Public Works and
Environmental Services explains how the county manages various
water uses – drinking water, stormwater and wastewater – and how
residents can help keep water clean for future generations. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/environmental/water.htm.
3.9 Environmental Health
The Division of Environmental Health (DEH) provides public health
services that protect the community from potential environmental hazards
and exposures that pose a risk to human health—as the prevention of
epidemics and spread of disease is one of the core functions of the Health
Department. DEH has three program areas: the Consumer Protection
Program; the Onsite Sewage and Water Program; and the Disease Carrying
Insects Program. The primary services conducted by these programs
include inspections, complaint investigations, commercial and residential
plan reviews, surveillance and control activities and community outreach.
DEH supports the general public, the regulated community and other
agencies, to encourage healthy behaviors and maintain voluntary, longterm compliance with state and local regulations.
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DEH strives to integrate Health in All Policies (HiAP). By definition, HiAP
recognizes that health and well-being are influenced by a variety of factors
beyond health care, including the social and environmental conditions
in our communities. HiAP is a collaborative approach to improving
community health by incorporating health considerations into decisionmaking across sectors and policy areas, including policies related to
environmental sustainability and stewardship. The Health Department
may participate in a Health Impact Assessment (HIA). HIA incorporates
data, research, and stakeholder input to determine a project’s potential
impact on the health of a population and the environment.
DEH addresses sustainability within the following areas:
Ground and Surface Water – DEH regulates the design, installation,
operation and maintenance of private sewage disposal and well water
systems. Effective installation and maintenance allows for appropriate
conveyance of sewage and protection of ground water and drinking water
supplies from contamination.
DEH also partners with the Department of Public Works and Environmental
Services to maintain the infrastructure of the public sewer system
and reduce sanitary sewer overflows or accidental discharges to the
environment. A brochure titled Understanding Your Grease TrapInterceptor informs regulated food establishments of the procedures
to prevent or reduce the amounts of fats, oil and grease (FOG) being
discharged into the sewer. See http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/food/
foodpdf/understanding-grease-trap.pdf.
Disease-Carrying Insects Program (DCIP) – The bite of an infected
mosquito, tick or other vector of disease may result in a life-changing
illness, such as West Nile virus or Lyme disease. The DEH’s Disease
Carrying Insect Program, established in 2003, works to minimize the
threat of vector-borne diseases through active surveillance, community
education and vector management to help protect county residents. The
DCIP utilizes an ecological approach to control pests of public health
importance, guided by the principle of Integrated Pest Management
(IPM). IPM combines appropriate pest control strategies into a unified,
site-specific plan. The goal of an IPM program is to reduce pest numbers
to acceptable levels in ways that are practical, cost-effective and safe for
people and the environment. Pesticides are just one component of IPM
that can be utilized in combination with other methods such as public
education and personal protection—as behavioral change at the individual
and community level can significantly reduce the need for pesticide
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applications. Most larvicides used by the DCIP are derived from naturallyoccurring soil bacteria that specifically target mosquitoes, minimizing the
impact on non-target organisms that may be beneficial to the environment.
Products with different modes of action and active ingredients are
routinely rotated across years to help minimize pesticide resistance in local
vector populations. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/westnile/.
Rabies – Rabies is a preventable viral disease of mammals most often
transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal. The vast majority of
rabies cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
each year occur in wild animals like raccoons, skunks, bats and foxes.
Domestic animals account for less than 10 percent of the reported rabies
cases. State law and county ordinance require dogs and cats four months
of age and older to be inoculated against rabies. See www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/hd/rabies/.
Radon – Radon is a naturally-occurring radioactive gas produced by the
breakdown of uranium in soil, rock and water. It cannot be seen, smelled
or tasted. Long-term exposure to elevated radon levels is estimated to
cause thousands of lung cancer deaths nationally each year. The Fairfax
County Radon Potential Map provides a general description of radon within
Fairfax County. The county Radon Web page also provides links for more
information from the Virginia Department of Health and U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/air/radon.htm.
Naturally-Occurring Asbestos – Naturally-occurring asbestos has been
mapped in approximately 11 square miles of Fairfax County and Fairfax
City. Asbestos-bearing rock is interspersed in the greenstone rock
formations that underlie the surface soils in the orange soils group.
Surface exposures of these rock formations are not usually seen. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/chs/natural-asb.htm.
3.10 Noise, Light Pollution and Visual Pollution
While not traditionally considered to be sustainability issues, noise,
light pollution and visual pollution can adversely affect the county’s
environment and quality of life.
3.10.1 Noise
The county has long had a Noise Ordinance that limits the noise that
can be generated from stationary and other sources. Noise generated
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from airport and highway operations is not within the county’s regulatory
purview, however.
Although noise from airport operations is not addressed in the Noise
Ordinance, the county has taken steps to ensure that land uses near
Washington Dulles International Airport will remain compatible with airport
operations into the future. The Zoning Ordinance includes an Airport
Noise Impact Overlay District in the area of the county near the airport.
This district establishes interior noise standards and associated acoustical
mitigation requirements that apply to development that is pursued within
the district. Additionally, Comprehensive Plan policy recommends against
new residential development within specific areas near the airport.
The Comprehensive Plan also provides guidance regarding land use
compatibility near highways. Applying this guidance during the zoning
process, the county has obtained commitments from developers to noise
mitigation measures, including highway noise barriers and acoustical
mitigation for noise-sensitive indoor areas.
A comprehensive set of links addressing various transportation and
other noise-related concerns is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/
environment/noise.
3.10.2 Light Pollution
“Light pollution” is used to describe light output, primarily from exterior
(outdoor) sources, that is excessive in amount and/or that causes harmful
glare directed into: (1) the path of travel; (2) light-sensitive areas such as
residential neighborhoods; or (3) the sky in general. Light pollution can
occur in commercial, residential and roadway settings.
Light pollution can interfere with enjoyment of the night sky. Improper
lighting can also waste energy. In recognition of these impacts, the county
has established an Outdoor Lighting Ordinance. To reduce glare, the
ordinance requires full cut-off lighting fixtures in most cases. Such fixtures
prevent light from being emitted at or above a horizontal plane drawn
through the bottoms of the fixtures.
The requirements of the Outdoor Lighting Ordinance do not affect the
outdoor lights used by most homeowners. Requirements apply to roof and
canopy lighting, architectural and landscape lighting, recreation/sports
facility lighting and internally-illuminated signs. In addition, the ordinance
establishes after-hours parking lot lighting reduction requirements for
developed nonresidential lots that contain four or more parking light poles.
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More information about the county’s outdoor lighting rules is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/code/lighting/.
3.10.3 Visual Pollution
Litter, unkempt properties and poorly-placed signs are typically considered
examples of visual pollution that degrades the environment. Fairfax
County has taken steps to address visual pollution, including:
❚ P
ublic outreach on litter-related issues. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/
dpwes/trash/litter.htm.
❚ A
blight abatement program that provides for the reporting and
remediation of vacated, dilapidated structures. See www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/code/property/blight/.
❚ Z
oning Ordinance limitations on signs. See www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/
zoningordinance/articles/art12.pdf.
❚ A
review process for proposed telecommunications towers. See
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpz/2232/submit_application.htm.
In addition, in early 2013, Fairfax County and the Virginia Department of
Transportation (VDOT) finalized an agreement regarding signs placed
in VDOT public rights-of-way. State law makes all such signs, including
political advertising, illegal. The agreement authorizes the county, acting
on behalf of VDOT, to remove the illegal signs and fine the offenders in
accordance with state code.
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SECTION 4
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE
COUNTY OPERATIONS
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Featured in this Section
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.2 Building Design and Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.2.1 Green Building Policy for County Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
4.2.2 Green Roofs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
4.3 Purchasing and Supply Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.3.1 Green Purchasing Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
4.3.2 Surplus Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
4.4 Facilities and Site Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4.4.1 Energy Efficiency Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
4.4.2 Energy Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.5 Information Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
4.5.1 Information Technology Energy Efficiency Initiatives . . . . . . . . . 96
4.6 Waste Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4.6.1 Landfill Gas Recovery and Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
4.6.2 Waste-to-Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
4.6.3 Water Reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4.7 Vehicle Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.7.1 Hybrid and Electric Fleet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
4.7.2 Other Vehicle Services Initiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
4.8 Fairfax Employees for Environmental Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.9 Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
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SECTION 4
4.1 Introduction
Fairfax County government has long been proactive in its environmental
stewardship, as described in the preceding sections. This section
describes several of the county’s innovative and successful efforts to
implement environmental and energy goals for county facilities and
operations. It concludes with a discussion of the county’s greenhouse gas
emissions inventory and results.
Significant efforts have been made over time to reduce the county’s
operational demand for energy through efficiency, conservation and
education. The basis for these efforts is Fairfax County’s strategic
direction and commitment to achieve environmental and energy goals,
including those set forth in the board’s 2004 Environmental Agenda, the
2007 Cool Counties Initiative, the 2009 Energy Policy and the county’s
Comprehensive Plan.
Two collaborative inter-agency committees – the Environmental
Coordinating Committee and the Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Coordinating Committee – are vital to achieving these goals. These
committees help ensure coordinated action across county agencies,
authorities, and schools. Their meetings provide a forum for participants
to share project updates, discuss emerging trends and technologies,
candidly review their experiences with equipment and systems and raise
issues of mutual interest.
4.2 Building Design and Construction
4.2.1 Green Building Policy for County Facilities
In 2008, the county Board of Supervisors adopted the Sustainable
Development Policy for Capital Projects applicable to the construction of
new county buildings and renovations or additions to existing buildings.
The policy requires buildings with more than 10,000 square feet to be
constructed to meet or exceed minimum green building standards. The
policy applies only to county government capital projects. County public
school projects are designed using the Virginia-Collaborative for High
Performance Schools criteria.
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The county’s government buildings are certified under established green
building rating systems that recognize outstanding performance in several
key areas:
❚ S
ustainable Sites – discourages development on undeveloped land and
seeks to minimize a building’s environmental impacts.
❚ Water Efficiency – encourages the smarter use of water inside and out.
❚ E
nergy & Atmosphere – encourages the implementation of energy-wise
strategies.
❚ M
aterials & Resources – encourages the use of sustainably produced
materials and waste reduction, reuse and recycling strategies.
❚ Indoor Environmental Quality – promotes strategies that improve indoor
air quality, acoustics and access to natural daylight.
❚ Innovation in Design – encourages the use of technologies and
strategies that improve a building’s performance.
❚ R
egional Priority – encourages builders to consider and address local
high-priority environmental concerns.
Currently, 15 county buildings have satisfied the certification criteria
established by the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
program of the U.S. Green Building Council; of these, eight have been
certified as LEED Gold buildings. Two buildings have received Green
Globe certifications from the Green Building Initiative’s environmental
assessment and rating system for commercial buildings. In addition, there
are 19 projects in design or construction that have the goal of meeting the
LEED Silver requirement.
The Dolley Madison Library is one of the county’s LEED Gold buildings.
The 19,000 square foot facility achieved LEED Gold certification in April
2012 following a renovation and expansion.
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The library incorporates energy-saving features that are expected to
reduce annual energy use by about 20 percent when compared to
similarly-sized conventionally-designed facilities. The library’s energysaving features include natural lighting and a lighting control system that
varies the amount of light from overhead lighting fixtures based on the
level of daylight in the space. These design and building elements reduce
the need for artificial lights that consume energy and generate heat. Other
energy saving features include high-efficiency ENERGY STAR compliant
mechanical equipment and a roofing system that uses a combination of
a highly-reflective roofing material and a green roof that covers about
one-third of the building’s roof. Both the reflective material and green
roof reduce the need for cooling during the summer. The green roof also
reduces stormwater runoff.
The library includes other green building features. The installation of
water-efficient plumbing fixtures such as low-flow, sensor-operated
faucets and dual-flush toilets is expected to reduce annual water use
by about 30 percent when compared to similarly-sized conventionallydesigned facilities. More than 80 percent of the construction waste was
recycled and more than 50 percent of the library’s construction materials
were purchased regionally (within 500 miles of the project) to reduce
transportation energy costs.
Information about the county’s green building policy for its capital facilities,
including a list of green buildings and their key features, is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/environment/coolcounties/county_green_
buildings.htm.
The county’s green building green building policies for private sector
development are discussed in Section 3.2.4. These policies are found in
the Environment section of the Comprehensive Plan and implemented
through the zoning process.
4.2.2 Green Roofs
The Dolley Madison Library renovation is one of several county capital
facility projects that have incorporated a green roof. Other projects
incorporating a green roof include the West Ox Bus Operations Center,
Merrifield Center, Providence Community Center, the Great Falls Volunteer
Fire Station and the Herndon Fire Station.
A 5,000 square foot green roof is located on the upper level of the
five-story Herrity Building parking garage in the Government Center
complex. Its ability to absorb stormwater volume and related pollutants
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is monitored and compared to an unplanted area on the opposite side
of the garage. This green roof – which can be seen from county offices
that issue permits to developers and builders – also showcases the three
varieties of green roofs.
Within the vegetated roof area, three different planting levels illustrate
the three types of green roofs: extensive, semi-intensive and intensive.
The largest area, which is planted predominantly with tiny, droughttolerant plants called sedums, is of the extensive type. Extensive green
roofs have shallow soil layers of three to four inches and are the most
common, lightest and most low-maintenance type of green roof. Semiintensive green roofs, like the shallow planters on the Herrity garage, have
deeper soils – about four to eight inches – and support a greater variety
of drought-tolerant plants, including shallow rooted perennials. Intensive
green roofs are true roof-top gardens intended for public enjoyment, and
can include water features, gardens and even trees and shrubs.
4.3 Purchasing and Supply Management
4.3.1 Green Purchasing Program
Fairfax County spends over $700 million each year on goods and services.
The county’s Environmentally Preferable Purchasing Policy (EPP Policy)
is an element of the Board of Supervisors Environmental Agenda that
encourages county departments to consider the environmental impacts of
the goods and services they purchase.
The Department of Purchasing and Supply Management (DPSM) manages
the EPP Policy through the Green Purchasing Program. Using the
competitive procurement process, county departments can partner with
innovative contractors to help improve the county’s operational impact on
the environment while reducing cost. DPSM maintains a catalog of over
35 contracts for goods and services with demonstrated environmental
benefits. The catalog includes LEED-compatible furniture, energy- and
paper-saving copiers, water recycling car wash and services and carpet
recycling. DPSM strives to choose materials with an inherently lower
impact on the environment, such as materials from sustainably managed
renewable resources, and to use recycled materials wherever possible.
The program also includes a focus on responsible equipment disposal,
which has resulted in cost savings and serves as a model for sustainable
resource recovery.
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The Green Purchasing Program promotes recovery and recycling. More
than 56 percent of the office supplies purchased by the county in FY 2014,
including all copy paper, had recycled content or green attributes; this
number is almost double the average among peer governments. Recycled
options provide both environmental and financial benefits. For example, a
FY 2013 initiative to purchase lower-cost remanufactured printer cartridges
has saved $143,600 with no degradation in printing performance.
Other highlights of the Green Purchasing Program include:
❚ C
onsidering the life-cycles of products purchased and used by the
county, including end-of-life reuse or recycling options.
❚ P
urchasing and using environmentally-friendly cleaning products in
county facilities, where feasible.
❚ P
artnering with the Fairfax Employees for Environmental Excellence,
an advisory group of employees who embrace and support efforts that
promote environmental awareness.
In addition to promoting and enabling green purchasing within the
county, DPSM works to support the national market for green solutions.
DPSM collaborates with a national working group to assist other local
governments as they construct their own green purchasing programs.
DPSM continues its work with U.S. Communities, which hosts cooperative
contracts used by 55,000 public agencies, to strengthen green language
in national solicitations. The National Association of Counties holds DPSM
as a proven success story for its green purchasing accomplishments and
continued growth in its sustainability efforts.
More information about the county’s Environmentally Preferable
Purchasing Policy is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/news/2009/
environmentally-preferable-purchasing-policy.htm.
4.3.2 Surplus Equipment
DPSM promotes responsible reuse and disposal of surplus items through a
variety of approaches, including:
❚ E
xpanding recycling options by using trade-in, “producer responsibility”
and take-back clauses in vendor contracts.
❚ M
arketing and selling surplus equipment on consignment and by on-line
and sealed-bid auctions.
❚ F
ostering strategic donations of surplus equipment to charities that
further the county’s mission.
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DPSM’s on-line reuse program to dispose of
surplus property is a notable success in this
area. DPSM has generated record revenue
growth from its on-line auctions of surplus
goods. These auctions, which are open to
the public, optimize revenue from the sale
of surplus sporting goods, office furniture,
office equipment, industrial machinery, tools,
household and industrial appliances, fleet
vehicles and specialized vehicles such as fire trucks and trash trucks.
In addition, DPSM’s on-line reuse program allows employees to shop
for surplus equipment from their desks and have items delivered, all at
no direct cost to the requesting department. This DPSM program has
increased the reuse rate, decreased disposal costs and saved thousands
on the purchase of new equipment. In FY 2014, the county sold 93 percent
of excess surplus property, generating $2.0 million in revenue.
The county’s internal electronics recycling program, begun in 2011,
continues to evolve and now encompasses any item with a circuit board.
This program led to the recycling of over 165,000 pounds of electronics in
FY 2013 and FY 2014. Other recycling initiatives include cell phones, toner
cartridges, batteries, scrap metal, used tires and spent oil.
Using its toolbox of options, DPSM promotes and leads collaborative and
innovative approaches to reducing waste. These approaches also improve
the county’s bottom line by reducing disposal costs and generating
revenue. More information about DPSM’s environmentally-responsible
surplus equipment programs is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpsm/
surplus.htm.
4.4 Facilities and Site Management
Fairfax County’s Facilities Management Department (FMD) portfolio is
comprised of 224 properties, totaling over eight million square feet of
space. This space includes offices, libraries, residential treatment facilities
and 24/7 facilities such as adult detention facilities, fire stations and
police stations. FMD’s portfolio does not include facilities operated by
the Department of Public Works and Environmental Services, the Park
Authority, the Redevelopment and Housing Authority or the Fairfax County
Public Schools.
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4.4.1 Energy Efficiency Upgrades
Energy management is an important focus area for FMD. Over a decade
ago, FMD established the goal of reducing energy use by one percent per
year, as measured in one thousand British thermal units (kBtu) per square
foot. Recent numbers show FMD meeting or exceeding its goal, despite
a substantial increase in the square footage of its portfolio. By reducing
energy consumption, FMD reduces both greenhouse gas emissions and
energy costs. During the period FY2012 through FY2014, FMD saved over
a million dollars on utility bills.
FMD undertakes a wide range of energy improvement projects to achieve
energy savings. It installs energy management control systems, rightsizes heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment, installs
lighting controls and efficient lighting, including LEDs and replaces
aging roofs as well as building caulking and window sealant. Energy
improvements completed by FMD since 2012 include seven LED lighting
projects, 25 HVAC and plumbing component replacement projects, 18
roof replacement projects and 14 projects to replace window and building
caulking and sealant.
Many of FMD’s energy improvements projects are designed to reduce
electricity consumption. For example:
❚ In FY 2014, an FMD HVAC project at the Government Center replaced or
retrofitted 644 variable air volume (VAV) boxes and added direct digital
controls. This project is expected to reduce electricity consumption by
up to 15 percent, as compared to the conventional pneumatic system
that was replaced.
❚ In FY 2014, FMD retrofitted 19 fire stations with a bay door interlock
system. The system more effectively regulates the mounted infra-red
bay heating devices to minimize conditioning of the bays when the doors
are open.
❚ A
n FMD LED lighting project in the underground parking garage at the
Government Center replaced 950 T-8 fluorescent fixtures with 420
LED fixtures with motion sensors. At the Adult Detention Center, FMD
converted 650 fluorescent lamps to LEDs that provide 24/7 illumination.
FMD has also undertaken improvements that reduce water use, in addition
to energy use. A multi-phase two-year project at the Government Center:
replaced all restroom and locker room flush valves and faucets with low
flow, infrared sensor-operated fixtures; replaced shower heads with low
flow fixtures; converted all lighting to LED; and incorporated hand dryers
to eliminate paper towels. This project has reduced water consumption by
more than 45 percent, as compared to the prior year’s usage.
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4.4.2 Energy Monitoring
With over 700 utility accounts, computerized energy monitoring and
evaluation are essential elements of FMD’s energy management
practice. Monitoring and evaluation are facilitated by automated energy
management control systems that have been installed in 94 county
buildings. FMD also uses data available from its energy management
software to measure and track energy and water consumption.
Monitoring allows the county to make adjustments based on real-time
information, rather than relying on the historical records of past bills.
These adjustments yield immediate and continuing savings. Monitoring
also allows FMD to identify cost-saving opportunities due to leaks,
equipment inefficiencies or problems with building controls. Further, using
the data available from its systems, FMD can more precisely determine
the costs of operating the facilities in its portfolio and can determine
the greenhouse gas emissions associated with that portfolio’s energy
consumption. This information provides key inputs to the county’s annual
calculation of its greenhouse gas emissions.
4.5 Information Technology
4.5.1 IT Energy Efficiency Initiatives
Fairfax County’s information technology (IT) infrastructure is designed
to ensure the continuous delivery of quality services in a cost-effective
and resource-efficient manner. Energy efficiency IT initiatives reduce the
power consumption of IT equipment, decrease the emission of greenhouse
gases and reduce the county’s carbon footprint.
Virtualization and cloud-computing technologies are the foundation of
the county’s agile enterprise infrastructure architecture. Elements of this
strategic approach include consolidating and standardizing IT resources
while still ensuring visibility, security and accountability. The county’s
server virtualization and consolidation initiative, which was established in
FY 2007-2008, was funded in part by an FY 2010 federal stimulus award
for energy efficiency projects. This initiative reduced the need of physical
servers from 870 to fewer than 300.
The FY 2010 federal stimulus award also helped accelerate the
deployment of a personal computer (PC) power management program.
The “NightWatchman” program automatically shuts down almost 13,000
end-user PCs across 55 offices when not in operation. In 2014, reductions
in PC-related electricity use saved $273,163 in electricity costs and avoided
the emission of 5.9 million pounds of carbon dioxide.
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The NightWatchman program also supports the county’s virtualization
initiative. Because it measures server workloads, the program helps
determine which servers are underutilized and thus good candidates for
virtualization and consolidation.
Both the virtualization initiative and PC power management programs
have been nationally recognized for achieving carbon reductions and
operational efficiencies. More information about Fairfax County’s IT
program and initiatives is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dit/itplan/.
4.6 Waste Management
4.6.1 Landfill Gas Recovery and Reuse
Landfill gas (LFG) is essentially an equal mixture of methane and carbon
dioxide that is a by-product of the decomposition of organic matter buried
in sanitary landfills. Fairfax County recovers LFG from several hundred gas
wells at the county’s two landfills and, after conditioning, uses the LFG to
produce electricity, incinerate bio-solids and heat maintenance facilities.
The county’s LFG use prevents the release of an estimated 300,000 tons
(CO2 equivalents) of greenhouse gases annually.
Electricity Generation – The county’s LFG operations began in 1990
at the I-95 Landfill Complex. This landfill complex is one of the largest
LFG wellfield and electrical generation networks in the Commonwealth
of Virginia. Although it has been operating more than 20 years,
approximately 2,000 cubic feet/minute (cfm) of LFG is captured from
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the I-95 landfill. About 1,600 cfm is used to fuel generators at the site.
In 2014, these generators produced approximately 4.9 megawatts of
electricity – enough to power about 3,100 homes in Fairfax County, given
current standards that assume average monthly residential electric use
of 1,117 kilowatt hours per month. This electricity is sold directly to the
county’s local electric utility, helping keep the Solid Waste Management
Program a self-funded agency.
Incineration – A three-mile pipeline transmits LFG from the I-95 landfill
to the nearby Noman M. Cole, Jr. Pollution Control Plant at a rate of up to
700 cfm. The LFG is used in the plant’s incineration process to destroy
bio-solids and to fuel afterburners that reduce hydrocarbon emissions.
The plant’s use of LFG from the I-95 landfill saves Fairfax County about
$100,000 per year that it would otherwise spend on natural gas.
Heating – In 2005, the county retrofitted five natural gas infrared heaters
to use LFG and installed those heaters at the maintenance building and
truck wash located at the I-95 Landfill Complex. Demonstrated savings
at the I-95 site led the county to install LFG heaters at the I-66 Transfer
Station site in 2009. At the I-66 site, LFG is used to provide heating at
an on-site maintenance shop, at the truck wash and at a 10-bay vehicle
garage nearby. Savings from these heating projects at the I-95 and I-66
facilities is estimated at approximately $90,000 annually.
In 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency designated Fairfax
County as Landfill Methane Outreach Program Community Partner of the
Year. More information about Fairfax County’s LFG projects is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/trash/dispmethrvc.htm.
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4.6.2 Waste-to-Energy
The Energy Resource Recovery Facility (ERRF) uses municipal solid waste
to generate enough electricity to power about 50,000 homes plus the
facility itself.
In a multi-step process, the heat from burning waste produces steam that
turns turbines capable of generating over 80 megawatts of electricity.
With four industrial boilers that can burn over 3,000 tons per day of solid
waste – or about 1.1 million tons per year – the ERRF is one of the largest
waste-to-energy facilities in the country. The ERRF, which is located
adjacent to the I-95 Landfill Complex, has been in operation since 1990.
Using solid waste to generate electricity avoids both the cost and
emissions of using a fossil fuel to produce the electricity. Since
1990, energy production by the ERRF has replaced the equivalent of
approximately two million barrels of crude oil per year. Incineration of
municipal solid waste at the ERRF has other environmental benefits.
❚ A
s a result of pre-incineration sorting, enough metal is recycled each
year to build over 20,000 automobiles.
❚ Incineration reduces waste by up to 90 percent in volume, leaving an
ash product that is landfilled.
❚ Incineration prevents one-half ton of greenhouse gas emissions from
entering the atmosphere for every ton of garbage incinerated, making
the county’s waste-to-energy operation carbon-neutral to negative.
The ERRF is heavily regulated, subject to continuous emissions monitoring,
and Covanta Fairfax is required to report to regulators if the ERRF exceeds
emissions limits.
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The Energy Resource Recovery Facility is privately owned and operated
by Covanta Fairfax, Inc., a subsidiary of Covanta Energy, under contract
to Fairfax County. More information about the facility is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/trash/dispomsf.htm.
4.6.3 Water Reuse
Fairfax County’s Water Reuse Program
delivers clean but non-potable water from
the Noman M. Cole Jr. Pollution Control
Plant to non-residential customers
for irrigation and industrial purposes.
Reusing water conserves valuable
treated drinking water and reduces the
amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus that
reach the Chesapeake Bay. Water reuse
also generates revenue for the county.
The program sells water that is not safe for drinking but is safe for other
uses, such as watering lawns. Prior to delivery, the water is extensively
filtered and disinfected and thoroughly treated to remove harmful
organisms and substances, including bacteria, viruses and heavy metals.
The Pollution Control Plant continuously monitors and tests the quality
of this reclaimed water to ensure it exceeds strict state and federal
requirements.
To avoid confusion, every pipe that carries the reclaimed water is painted
purple and purple signs are posted at any public location where reclaimed
water is being used.
The program delivered 471 million gallons of reclaimed water in 2014.
A purple water reuse pipeline installed along Lorton Road connects the
Pollution Control Plant to the county’s waste-to-energy plant, the Energy
Resource Recovery Facility. This pipeline delivers treated reclaimed
non-potable water to the waste-to-energy plant each year for its use
in generating electricity. The pipeline also delivers reclaimed water to
both the Laurel Hill Golf Course and the Lower Potomac Ball Fields for
irrigation purposes.
The county’s use of reclaimed water has both economic and environmental
benefits. It requires an estimated 2,300 kilowatt hours of electricity
to pump, treat, transmit and distribute one million gallons of potable
water. The electricity use associated with reclaimed water is substantially
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reduced because the water is not treated to the levels required for
potable water. Lower electricity costs translate to lower purchase costs.
Reductions in electricity use also translate to reductions in greenhouse
gas emissions. County staff estimates that using reclaimed water saves
approximately 1.1 pounds of equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2e) per kilowatt
hour, based on the mix of generation sources that supply electricity to the
Northern Virginia region.
More information about Fairfax County’s water reuse is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/wastewater/water_reuse/.
4.7 Vehicle Services
The Department of Vehicle Services (DVS) provides management and
maintenance services to the county’s vehicle fleet and maintenance
support to the Fairfax County Public Schools. The Department of
Transportation (DOT) provides, among many other services, the Fairfax
Connector transit bus system for public transportation throughout the
county. Both agencies strive for economically responsible environmental
stewardship by working increased fuel efficiency and reduced emissions
and petroleum consumption characteristics into vehicle specifications.
4.7.1 Hybrid and Electric Fleet
DVS’s responsibilities include management of the county’s Vehicle
Replacement fund. In response to the county’s desire for cleaner and
more energy-efficient vehicles, DVS has included hybrid-electric vehicles
in its Vehicle Replacement program, where appropriate. As a result, a
conventional gasoline-fueled county fleet vehicle at the end of its service
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life may be replaced with a hybrid vehicle, if acceptable to the using
agency and conditions warrant. The county’s fleet includes 117 hybridelectric and plug-in hybrid-electric vehicles. The county saves over 16,000
gallons of gas on average each year from its use of hybrid vehicles.
Using federal stimulus funding, in the 2011-2012 period DVS added 16
Ford Fusion Hybrids, five Chevrolet Volts and one plug-in hybrid-electric
school bus to the county fleet. In December 2014, DVS purchased an
all-electric Nissan LEAF. In FY 2016, DVS plans to purchase an additional
all-electric vehicle and increase the fleet of hybrid-electric vehicles to
135. DVS anticipates installing charging stations necessary to support the
electric vehicles.
In 2011, the Fairfax County Environmental Quality Advisory Council (EQAC),
an appointed citizen advisory board, selected DVS as one of two recipients
of EQAC’s annual Environmental Excellence Award. The award recognized
DVS’s strong environmental stewardship as demonstrated by initiatives
including the development and continuing expansion of a hybrid-electric
vehicle fleet.
4.7.2 Other Vehicle Services Initiatives
Specifications for new vehicles purchased by DVS and DOT include
features designed to reduce emissions and increase fuel efficiency.
In FY2015, DVS purchased 132 school buses with Selective Catalytic
Reduction (SCR) technology. SCR meets the EPA2010 requirement
of providing engine emissions to near zero (a NOx level of 0.2 grams
per brake horsepower hour). Since 2009, DOT has included variable
frequency cooling fans in the buses it purchases. These fans have reduced
fuel consumption by 12 percent compared to vehicles with hydraulic fans.
Currently, 184 Fairfax Connector buses, or 65 percent of the fleet, are
equipped with variable frequency cooling fans.
DVS and DOT also have established a number of initiatives to improve the
energy and environmental performance of the vehicles they manage and
maintain. For example:
❚ T
o reduce fuel consumption and vehicular emissions, DVS and DOT
programmed automatic idle shutdown into all county solid waste trucks
and Fairfax Connector buses.
❚ D
OT has transitioned to nitrogen filled tires to provide longer life and
increased fuel mileage.
❚ D
VS retrofitted 1,012 school buses and 113 heavy duty trucks with
exhaust after-treatments that reduce particulate emissions.
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Information about the county’s green fleet initiatives is available at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/environment/coolcounties/countyefforts_
greenvehicles.htm.
4.8 Fairfax Employees for Environmental Excellence
The Fairfax Employees for Environmental Excellence (FEEE) serves as
Fairfax County’s employee green team. FEEE’s goal is simple: to foster
a greener workplace culture. FEEE encourages employees to take
advantage of existing environmental programs, including recycling and
green purchasing options. FEEE also encourages employees to use their
diverse perspectives to develop creative solutions that can minimize the
environmental impact of county operations.
Cumulatively, the simple, habitual behaviors of Fairfax County’s 12,000
employees can have significant environmental impact. Examples include
deciding which office supplies to buy, whether to use the recycling bins, or,
in those offices without occupancy sensors, whether to turn the lights off
after the work-day. FEEE believes that routine and forgetfulness are the
most common impediments to environmentally-responsible action in the
work-place. As a result, FEEE focuses on employee behavior.
FEEE is especially known for its action campaigns. Many of these
campaigns, like FEEE’s 2011 “Junk the Junk Mail,” are friendly
competitions intended to raise awareness about simple but
environmentally-responsible activities. FEEE’s junk mail competition
reduced junk mail overall by 70 percent among participants. The
winning agency, the Office of Public and Private Partnerships, achieved
a 93 percent reduction. After the conclusion of FEEE’s 2012 friendly
competition, “Take the Stairs Week,” county staff reported opting for the
stairs over the elevator nearly 3,000 times.
Other FEEE initiatives include:
❚ U
sing its internal website and blog to disseminate information and
tips. Because it offers two-way communication, the blog has the added
advantage of allowing employees across the organization to join the
conversation.
❚ H
ighlighting innovative green ideas on the FEEE website and through
FEEE’s award program, “Fairfax Sustainability Champions.”
❚ H
osting lunch-and-learn events. Recent events include a stream
restoration tour, a green roof tour and the display of a replica green
office.
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❚ H
osting an annual “Green Lounge” that coincides with the county’s
Administrative Professionals Conference. Attractions include raffles, a
mock “green” cubicle and information on sustainability issues.
❚ D
istributing over 700 of its branded green lanyards to county employees
to help spread the word about FEEE.
In less than three years, FEEE has grown from an initial group of 15 to
nearly 400 employees interested in a greener workplace culture. By
empowering employees to exercise environmental responsibility, FEEE has
helped the county realize a range of benefits, including cost savings and
increased recycling revenue.
4.9 Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory
Fairfax County has created a community greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
inventory to provide a baseline measurement, as well as to guide future
efforts to reduce emissions.
The inventory establishes 2006 as its baseline year. It then tracks annual
stationary and mobile emissions for the five-year period from 2006
through 2010.
Stationary sources are defined as buildings or other fixed, energyconsuming property not attributable to federal or state governments.
Mobile emissions are defined as those associated with on-road traffic
originating in and passing through the county, as well as light rail, off-road
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vehicles and mobile machinery. The GHG inventory includes both direct
(Scope 1) emissions generated within the county and energy-related indirect
(Scope 2) emissions. Scope 2 emissions result from purchased electricity
that is consumed inside the county, regardless of where it was generated.
During the review period, stationary sources accounted for 63 percent
of the county’s total GHG emissions, primarily from electricity use. The
majority of stationary emissions – 76.4 percent – were attributable to
electricity and natural gas consumed by the residential and commercial
sectors: 46.4 percent and 45.9 percent, respectively, of total emissions
from stationary sources. Electricity and natural gas consumption by
Fairfax County government and schools accounted for 4.5 percent of total
stationary emissions.
Mobile sources accounted for the remaining 37 percent of total emissions
during the review period. On-road vehicles accounted for 89 percent of
total mobile emissions. Of this 89 percent, 46 percent was attributable to
vehicles passing through the county (transient vehicles) and 43 percent to
vehicles registered in the county (local vehicles).
From 2006 to 2010, total emissions per resident declined by one percent.
Fairfax County’s baseline 2006 GHG emissions by source and sector are
shown in the table below.
Baseline (2006) GHG Inventory
Emissions Category
MMTCO2e
% Total Emissions
Stationary Sources
Residential
3.459
29%
Commercial 3.420
29%
Local government
0.339
3%
Industrial
0.233
2%
Mobile Sources
Passenger vehicles
2.822
24%
Heavy trucks
0.596
5%
Light trucks
0.486
4%
Other
0.484
4%
TOTAL
11.838100%
The inventory is available at www.fairfaxcounty.gov/living/environment/
greenhousegas/greenhouse-gas-inventory.htm.
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SECTION 5
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
PROGRAM: OBJECTIVES AND
FUNDED PROJECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT
PROGRAM: OBJECTIVES AND
FUNDED PROJECTS
Featured in this Section
5.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
5.2Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
5.3 Fiscal Year 2016 Environmental Improvement Program Projects . . . . 110
5.3.1 The EIP Projects Selection Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
5.3.2 Fiscal Year 2014 Carryover Review & Fiscal Year 2016
Funding and Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
5.4 Environmental Improvement Program Delivered Projects History . . . 115
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SECTION 5
5.1Introduction
The Environmental Improvement Program (EIP) was first developed in
2005 by the county’s Environmental Coordinating Committee (ECC) in
response to direction by the Board of Supervisors following the adoption
of its Environmental Agenda on June 21, 2004. The ECC is a collaborative
interagency management committee established to ensure an appropriate
level of coordination and review of the county’s environmental policies
and initiatives.
The EIP provides the County Executive and board with environmental
and energy action-oriented opportunities to support board-adopted
environmental and energy policies and goals. The EIP is updated annually
through a coordinated and collaborative process. See www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/living/environment/eip for further information regarding the EIP.
The Department of Management and Budget, with input from the county
executive and his/her deputies, determines the appropriate level of
funding that will be proposed for EIP projects in any given budget year.
Since the EIP project funding is supported by the county’s General Fund,
the amount of funding available varies from year to year. See Section
2.4.2 in this report for more information regarding the EIP. This section
describes the EIP projects solicitation, selection and funding process and
provides details on current projects and a listing of past projects.
5.2 Objectives
Good environmental quality is essential for everyone living and working
in Fairfax County. A healthy environment enhances our quality of life and
preserves the vitality that makes Fairfax County a special place to live and
work. However, rapid growth and development that have characterized
Fairfax County over the past half century and that continue today have
challenged the county’s ability to maintain good environmental quality.
Federal and state guidelines and regulations have demanded not only
extra diligence in the development of concrete strategies for a healthy
environment, but also inter-jurisdictional coordination to address pollution
that knows no boundaries.
Stewardship and prudent management of our natural environment and
resources are not merely “add-ons,” or afterthoughts, but rather are
essential and fundamental responsibilities that must be given fullest
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consideration at all times. Good stewardship doesn’t involve “rescuing”
nature from environmental disasters; it involves long-term strategic
planning that minimizes any possibilities of such emergencies occurring.
Clearly, cooperation among county residents, government leadership and
agencies will be required to effect lasting solutions to the environmental
challenges we face. The EIP serves as a primary mechanism through
which such planning occurs.
Fairfax County has long recognized the need for proactive policies and
initiatives to address its environmental challenges. Indeed, environmental
considerations are embedded in the county’s policy and regulatory
documents, and the county has pursued a myriad of environmental
initiatives that continue to grow in number and complexity. The county’s
dedication to meeting its environmental challenges is reflected in the
numerous awards and recognitions it has earned, including designation
by the Chesapeake Bay Program as a Gold Chesapeake Bay Partner
Community. Other awards and recognitions are listed in Section 6.
Nevertheless, both the board and county staff recognize the need for
enhanced environmental efforts, in that environmental challenges are
continuing and in many cases becoming more daunting.
5.3 FY 2016 EIP Projects
Fairfax County supports environmental initiatives in the board-adopted
Environmental Excellence 20-year Vision Plan (Environmental Agenda)
through several county agencies and funds. There are also many
environmental initiatives and projects carried out by individuals and
groups each year. Section 2.4 provides a broad discussion of funds used
for environmental efforts.
This section focuses on environmental initiatives and projects that are
supported through the EIP, which funds projects identified through a
collaborative and coordinated process and based on a rigorous project
selection process.
5.3.1 The EIP Projects Selection Process
In its 2012 Annual Report on the Environment, the Environmental
Quality Advisory Council (EQAC) recommended that the EIP project
selection process be formalized. In response to this recommendation,
an interagency staff committee developed a rigorous project selection
process to support the board-adopted Environmental Agenda. This
process, which was reviewed and supported by EQAC, has resulted in
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funding for many high-quality environmental projects beginning with the
FY 2014 adopted budget (July 1, 2013 – June 30, 2014) as discussed in
Section 5.3.2.
Under this process, each fiscal year, county agencies have the opportunity
to submit proposed projects for review, scoring and consideration. An
agency must include technical analysis, including cost/benefit information,
as part of its submission. After the submission period closes, a staff
committee conducts agency interviews for each project, then evaluates
and prioritizes all proposals. A final matrix of prioritized projects is
submitted to the Department of Management and Deputy County
Executive for consideration in the County Executive’s advertised budget.
Staff-developed submission criteria provide guidance to the agencies
as they identify and develop their project proposals. Selection criteria
guide committee members as they evaluate and prioritize the projects.
Both the submission and selection criteria are derived from the board’s
Environmental Agenda and the six topic areas it addresses: Growth and
Land Use; Air Quality and Transportation; Water Quality; Solid Waste;
Parks, Trails and Open Space; and Environmental Stewardship.
The EIP selection process occurs over a period of months, as shown by
this timeline:
❚ J uly: Memo sent to agencies soliciting submission of EIP proposal(s) for
funding consideration.
❚ A
ugust: EIP Project Selection Committee (PSC) screens proposals to
confirm compliance with submission criteria. Additional information may
be requested from agencies, if necessary.
❚ S
eptember: PSC conducts preliminary scoring of proposals and
schedules interviews.
❚ O
ctober: Agencies present proposal(s) to PSC and address questions.
PSC concludes final scoring based on preliminary score and
presentations, and presents its final list of prioritized EIP projects to the
Deputy County Executive.
❚ N
ovember: Deputy County Executive presents final prioritized list of EIP
projects to the County Executive.
5.3.2 FY 2014 Carryover Review & FY 2016 Funding and
Projects
The County Executive included $535,000 for EIP projects in the FY 2015
Advertised Budget Plan. The final adopted budget eliminated funding
for EIP Projects in the FY 2015 Budget; however, the board asked staff to
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identify funding for the EIP projects at Carryover. The Code of Virginia
requires that the Board of Supervisors hold a public hearing prior to
the adoption of amendments to the current year budget when potential
appropriation increases are greater than 1.0 percent of expenditures. In
addition, the Code requires that the Board advertise a synopsis of the
proposed changes. Board action and the public hearing on the Carryover
Review took place on September 9, 2014.
The FY 2014 Carryover Review budget that was approved by the board
on September 9, 2014 included funding of $535,000 for environmental
initiatives that had been previously removed from the adopted FY 2015
budget. The specific projects are detailed below.
Invasive Management Area Program – An amount of $150,000 was
included to continue the Invasive Plant Removal Program. The Park
Authority manages this volunteer program, as well as other invasive
removal initiatives. These programs restore hundreds of acres of important
natural areas, protect tree canopy and reach thousands of volunteers.
Currently more than 10,000 trained volunteer leaders have contributed
34,000 hours of service since the program’s inception in 2005, improving
over 1,000 acres of parkland.
Energy Education and Outreach – An amount of $75,000 was included
for Energy Education and Outreach initiatives. This program is intended
to increase the awareness of Fairfax County residents and businesses
regarding their energy consumption and to encourage them to reduce
consumption. Program objectives include developing a green business
recognition program, educating residents and businesses about home and
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workplace energy consumption, explaining the energy assessment (audit)
process and encouraging residents and businesses to undertake energysavings measures.
Green Purchasing Program – An amount of $10,000 was included for
the Green Purchasing Program. This program is designed to support two
interns to assist in clearly specifying environmental attributes during the
county’s procurement process. Fairfax County has a current inventory of
2,400 contracts; emphasizing environmental attributes such as recycling,
energy efficiency, durability and reduced toxicity during the procurement
process can contribute to the purchase of green products, creating fiscal
and environmental savings.
Watershed Protection and Energy Conservation Matching Grant Program
– An amount of $30,000 was included for a Watershed Protection and
Energy Conservation Matching Grant Program. This program is intended to
promote community engagement around sustainability and conservation
issues. Specifically, the Watershed Protection and Energy Conservation
matching grant pilot program would provide financial incentives to
empower homeowners through their associations to implement onthe-ground sustainability projects. The initiative would build on current
programs that provide technical assistance, hands-on support, outreach
and education to Fairfax County homeowners and residents. Projects
would improve water quality, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
conserve energy and water. The $30,000 funding level supported printing
and materials, matching grants of $300 – $2,500 up to $10,000 total for all
grants and two seasonal paid interns to help run the program and conduct
a community survey.
Lighting Retrofits – An amount of $170,000 was included for lighting
retrofits and upgrades at Fairfax County Park Authority facilities for
energy efficiency and conservation. Lighting will be upgraded to LED
fixtures and lighting controls will be installed to manage operating hours
more efficiently. These energy saving retrofit replacements will reduce
approximately 80 percent of energy usage, improve lighting, reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and reduce light pollution, thereby improving
opportunities for enjoyment of the night sky.
Water Conservation Measures – An amount of $92,000 was included
to install waterSMART web-based irrigation controllers utilizing ET
(Evapotranspiration) weather technology at 20 park facilities that have
existing irrigation systems. This effort will reduce energy use, water
consumption and adverse environmental impacts.
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Weather Station – An amount of
$8,000 was included to install a
Weather Station for efficient water
usage at Greendale Golf Course. This
system will measure air temperature,
relative humidity, barometric pressure,
rainfall and other weather indicators in
order to modify watering requirements.
It is estimated that installing this
weather station could save 10 million
gallons of water per year, with an
estimated cost savings of more than
$50,000 per year.
In addition, an amount of $58,140
has been provided in Fund 10030,
Contributory Fund, to continue partnering with two nonprofit agencies to
support tree planting efforts throughout the county.
In addition to the FY 2014 Carryover Review funding, the FY 2016 adopted
budget included funding of $535,000 for environmental initiatives. The
specific projects are detailed below:
Invasive Management Area Program – An amount of $150,000 was
included to continue the Invasive Plant Removal Program (see the
discussion above).
Energy Education and Outreach – An amount of $75,000 was included for
additional Energy Education and Outreach initiatives (see the discussion
above).
Green Purchasing Program – An amount of $10,000 was included for
continued support to the Green Purchasing Program (see the discussion
above).
Watershed Protection and Energy Conservation Matching Grant Program
– An amount of $75,000 was included for the Watershed Protection and
Energy Conservation Matching Grant Program (see the discussion above).
The $75,000 program funding level will build upon the FY 2014 carryover
funding to include printing and materials, matching grants of $500 –
$3,500 (up to $35,000 total for all grants) and one limited term full-time
position to support the program, conduct outreach and education, site
assessments, inspections and other responsibilities.
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Water Conservation Measures – An amount of $95,000 was included
to install waterSMART web-based irrigation controllers utilizing ET
(Evapotranspiration) weather technology at 20 additional park facilities
(see the discussion above).
Lighting Retrofits – An amount of $105,000 was included for additional
lighting retrofits and upgrades at Fairfax County Park Authority facilities
(see the discussion above).
Energy Efficiency Measures at RECenter pools – An amount of $25,000
was included to install a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) at two RECenter
pools. A VFD is a type of adjustable-speed drive used to control motor
speed by varying motor input frequency and voltage. VFDs have been
shown to increase performance in pool pumping applications. A VFD could
save up to 60% or more on a pump’s electricity usage. The pool pump will
operate more efficiently, which will result in a cost savings to the county
due to lower electricity use and reduced maintenance costs.
5.4 EIP Delivered Projects History
EIP projects were first funded as part of the FY 2004 Carryover Review
(September 2004). To date, the total EIP project funding, including the
current FY 2016 Adopted Budget Plan, is roughly $7.7 million. These
initiatives generally support the Board of Supervisors Environmental
Agenda.
The projects listed below have been supported by the county’s General
Fund; however other environmental projects have been supported by the
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (as part of the American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009) and by the county’s Contributory
Fund (the latter of which funded tree planting partnerships with three
nonprofit organizations). In addition, as discussed in Section 2.4, several
important environmental program areas and initiatives are supported
through funding sources outside of the EIP and General Fund.
Projects funded through the EIP to date include:
❚ Purchase of wind energy.
❚ A
ir quality education and Clean Air Partners (media sponsorship to
continue public outreach to improve air quality).
❚ C
onversion of 163 Fairfax Connector buses to ultra-low sulfur fuel and
addition of particulate traps to reduce emissions.
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❚ Community cleanup/revitalization/blight abatement projects.
❚ Toxicity reduction public outreach program.
❚ Expansion of the business recycling program.
❚ Pedestrian improvements in the Richmond Highway corridor.
❚ Riparian buffer restoration.
❚ Cleanup of unauthorized dumpsites.
❚ Park Authority stewardship education.
❚ G
IS-data green infrastructure for park natural resource management.
❚ L
ow impact development demonstration projects.
❚ P
ark trails mapping (comprehensive mapping program to allow the Park
Authority to better manage and plan the trail system).
❚ Invasive Management Area program.
❚ L
andfill gas utilization project at the I-66 and I-95 Landfills.
❚ R
emote household hazardous waste collection events.
❚ T
ree canopy campaign at county facilities.
❚ E
nergy efficiency/renewable energy at county facilities.
❚ L
itter campaign.
❚ L
ighting retrofits and upgrades at Fairfax County Park Authority facilities.
❚ E
nergy education and outreach.
❚ G
reen Purchasing Program.
❚ W
ater conservation and efficiency measures at park golf courses and
facilities.
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SECTION 6
AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS
AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS
Featured in this Section
6.1
Selected Awards and Recognitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
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SECTION 6
6.1 Selected Awards and Recognitions
2015 National Association of Counties (NACO) Best in Category
Achievement Award in the category of Children and Youth. The NACO
award honored the Stream Crime Investigation laboratory that teaches
high school students about stormwater, watersheds and water quality
monitoring. The lab exercise replicates how stormwater professionals
identify and track the sources of pollutants in a storm drainage network.
2014 Best Urban Best Management Practice (BMP) in the Bay Award
(BUBBA) in Habitat Creation. The Brookfield Park wet pond rehabilitation
project won second place in the best habitat creation category in the
award contest sponsored by the Chesapeake Stormwater Network. Several
divisions of the Department of Public Works and Environmental Services
and the Fairfax County Park Authority worked together to restore the dam
in the Brookfield Park and plant native vegetation for habitat.
2014 National Association of Counties (NACO) Best in Category
Achievement Award in the category of Environmental Protection
and Energy. NACO awarded the Stormwater Planning Division of the
Department of Public Works and Environmental Services for developing
“A Field Guide to Fairfax County’s Plants and Wildlife”. The field guide was
developed collaboratively with stormwater staff and Fairfax County Public
Schools as part of the fifth grade science curriculum to highlight the links
between ecology and our watersheds.
2014 National Association of Clean Water Agencies (NACWA) Platinum
Peak Performance Award. Platinum Awards recognize outstanding
compliance with National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
permit limits for five or more consecutive years. At the time of this award,
Fairfax County’s Noman M. Cole Jr. Pollution Control Plant had achieved
100 percent NPDES compliance for 16 consecutive years – one of only nine
municipal water treatment plants across the nation to do so.
2013 National Association of Counties (NACO) Best in Category
Achievement Award in the category of Environmental Protection and
Energy. The NACO award honored the county’s Government Center
stream restoration project, an innovative water quality project that
included a stream restoration and pond retrofits on county property.
NACO Achievement Awards recognize innovative county government
programs in one of 21 different categories.
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2013 National Association of Clean Water Agencies (NACWA) Platinum
Peak Performance Award. Platinum Awards recognize outstanding
compliance with National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
permit limits for five or more consecutive years. At the time of this award,
Fairfax County’s Noman M. Cole Jr. Pollution Control Plant had achieved
100 percent NPDES compliance for 15 consecutive years – one of only nine
municipal water treatment plants across the nation to do so.
2013 The Coalition for Smarter Growth Sanders-Henn Community Hero
Award. The nonprofit group honored county staff in the areas of planning,
revitalization, transportation, housing, parks and public services for their
on-going efforts to make Tysons a green, walkable urban center.
2013 National Association of Government Communicators (NAGC) Best
in Show Award. The Best in Show Award, selected by the NAGC Board
of Directors from all first-place Blue Pencil & Gold Screen winners, was
presented to the Fairfax County Park Authority for its invasive plant
control program, “Take Back the Forest.” This program, which involves
a partnership between county government, county schools and REI,
Inc., brings more than 500 volunteers into parks over a 30-day period to
remove non-native invasive plants and replace them with native plants.
2013 Virginia Recreation and Park Society Award. The Fairfax County
Park Authority was recognized for its Huntley Meadows Wetland
Restoration in the Best New Renovation/Addition – Parks, Playgrounds,
Blueways, Greenways and Trails category for populations of greater than
100,000.
2012 NACO Best in Category Achievement Award for the “Stormy
the Raindrop” public education campaign. The campaign, which was
developed by the Stormwater Division of the county’s Department of
Public Works and Environmental Services, centered on a child-friendly
character named Stormy the Raindrop.
2012 NACWA Excellence in Management Award. This award
acknowledges significant achievements in the utility management
arena. It honors agencies that have implemented and sustained, for a
continuous three-year period, successful programs that address the range
of management challenges faced by public clean water utilities in today’s
competitive environment.
2011 American Planning Association Daniel Burnham Award. This award,
which recognizes advancement of the science and art of planning, is
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granted to only one urban plan in the nation each year. The APA honored
the Comprehensive Plan for the Tysons Corner Urban Center. Plan
elements include a tiered approach to density that is focused around four
transit stations, a long-term goal of reducing the jobs-to-household ratio
from 13:1 to a more balanced 4:1, incentives to reserve 20 percent of new
housing units for moderate-income households and innovative stormwater
management facilities designed to retain at least the first inch of rainfall
on site.
2011 The Governor’s COVITS (Commonwealth of Virginia IT Symposium)
Award for Innovation in Local Government. The county was honored
for its introduction of mobile applications that provide 24/7 access to
government information and services for users of iPhone/iPad, Android
and BlackBerry devices.
2011 Governor’s Environmental Excellence Bronze Award, Government
Category, for stormwater outreach. The Governor’s Environmental
Excellence Awards recognize the significant contributions of environmental
and conservation leaders in the areas of sustainability and land
conservation.
2010 National Recreation and Park Association (NRPA) Gold Medal
Award, Class 1 Category (population 250,000 and over). The Fairfax
County Park Authority was awarded the NRPA Gold Medal for
demonstrating excellence in long-range planning, resource management
and agency recognition.
2010 Virginia Mosquito Control Association (VMCA) Outstanding Service
Award. The VMCA recognized the Health Department’s Disease Carrying
Insects Program for its consistent contributions to mosquito control
awareness and education throughout Virginia, for its on-going commitment
to serving county residents and for its provision of educational
opportunities to partner organizations.
2009 NACO Achievement Award for the Herrity Building Garage
Vegetative Roof.
2008 MarCom Platinum Winner and Communicator Award of Excellence.
The award was presented to the Fairfax County Park Authority for its NonNative Invasive Plant Identification and Control Handbook. The MarCom
awards, sponsored by the Association of Marketing and Communication
Professionals, honor excellence in marketing and communication.
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2008 Public Technology Institute Solutions Award, Sustainability
Category, for the county’s plug-in electric hybrid vehicle fleet trial program.
Solutions Awards recognize the members’ use of technology to solve
specific problems, improve community services and internal operations
and reduce costs.
2007 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Green Power Partner. Fairfax
County was recognized for its efforts to reduce the risk of climate change
through green power purchasing.
2007 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ENERGY STAR partner.
Partners team with ENERGY STAR to save energy through energy-efficient
products and practices.
2007 Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA) Bronze
Excellence Award, Integrated Solid Waste Management Program category.
The Excellence Awards recognize outstanding solid waste programs
and facilities that are environmentally and fiscally responsible, advance
worker and community health and safety and implement successful public
education and outreach programs.
2006 Businesses for the Bay Environmental Excellence Award for
Outstanding Achievement for Nutrient Reduction by a Local Government.
The award recognized the county’s achievement in reducing phosphorous
and nitrogen discharges from its wastewater treatment plant significantly
below legally-allowable levels. The discharge reductions benefit more
than 3,600 species of plants, fish and shellfish in the Chesapeake Bay, one
of the nation’s most biologically diverse estuaries.
2006 NACO Achievement Award for Environmental Excellence. The
award recognized the county’s 2005-2006 Environmental Improvement
Program, which is designed to integrate and link environmental
goals and objectives into all levels of county decision-making and to
provide a strategic approach to prioritizing environmental actions for
implementation.
2006 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Landfill Methane Outreach
Program (LMOP) Community Partner of the Year. The LMOP helps to
reduce methane emissions from landfills by encouraging the recovery
and beneficial use of landfill gas (LFG) as an energy resource. The LMOP
honored Fairfax County as a Community Partner of the Year for its use of
LFG to produce electricity, dry sludge at its wastewater treatment plant
and heat the county’s facilities using infrared heaters.
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2005 NACO Achievement Award, Environmental Protection and Energy
Category, for Fairfax County’s air quality protection strategy, “Improving
Air Quality in the Washington Metropolitan Area: A Commitment to Air
Quality Excellence.”
2004 Chesapeake Bay Program, Gold Chesapeake Bay Partner
Community. Launched in 1997, the Bay Partner Community Program
recognizes local governments in the Chesapeake Bay watershed for their
commitment to protecting and restoring the Bay and its tributaries. Fairfax
County was first designated as a Gold Chesapeake Bay Partner Community
in 1997 and recertified in 2004.
2004 NACO Achievement Award for watershed management planning.
2004 National Association of Clean Water Agencies Excellence in
Management Award. The award honors member agencies that have
implemented successful programs that address the range of management
challenges faced by public wastewater utilities, including environmental
quality, system capacity and reliability, operations and maintenance,
asset management, use of technology, finances, rate management and
customer relations.
2003 NACWA Excellence in Management Award for significant
achievements in the utility management arena.
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APPENDIX
APPENDIX I
Featured in this Section
Appendix I: How to Report Environmental Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
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APPENDIX
APPENDIX I
TTY 711 for all phone numbers
Type of Incident
Phone Number
RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INTO THE
ENVIRONMENT
To report the dumping of any materials into a stream, manhole,
storm sewer or onto the ground, call 9-1-1. When calling, be
prepared to provide specific information about the location
of the incident. County inspectors will investigate complaints
within the county; Cities of Fairfax and Falls Church; and the
Towns of Clifton, Herndon and Vienna.
911
LAND CLEARING; TREE REMOVAL; DUMPING OF FILL
To report the suspected illegal removal of trees, clearing of
land, digging or dumping of fill dirt, contact the Department of
Code Compliance, or visit www.fairfaxcounty.gov/code.
703-324-1300
SOIL EROSION To report soil erosion from private properties
or construction sites, contact DPWES--SIte Development and
Inspection Division, or visit www.fairfaxcounty.gov/code.
703-324-1720
GENERATION OF DUST FROM CONSTRUCTION, GRADING
OR LAND CLEARING
Contact VDEQ, Northern Regional Office, or visit
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/code.
703-583-3800
CONSTRUCTION NOISE
To report construction noise outside between 9 p.m. and 7 a.m.
or before 9 a.m. on Sundays and federal holidays, contact the
Department of Code Compliance, or visit www.fairfaxcounty.
gov/code.
703-324-1300
TRASH COLLECTION BETWEEN 9:00 P.M. AND 6:00 A.M.
Call the Department of Public Works and Environmental
Services. If possible, provide descriptive information about the
truck, such as color, truck number, and license plate number.
703-324-5230
SIGNS ON ROADS AND MEDIANS
If a sign on a road or median poses a safety hazard, call the
Virginia Department of Transportation to have it removed.
Fairfax County performs monthly collections of illegal roadway
signs on certain designated roads. More information at
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/code/signs.
1-800-367-7623
OUTDOOR LIGHTING CONCERNS
To report problems with glare, overlighting or other issues,
contact the Department of Code Compliance, or visit
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/code.
703-324-1300
AIR POLLUTANTS
Air pollutants are emitted by stationary sources, such as power
plants, gasoline service stations, and dry cleaners, as well as by
mobile and area sources, such as from automobiles, trucks and
other highway activities. This phone number is for the Virginia
Department of Environmental Quality Northern Regional Office.
703-583-3800
After hours, call
1-800-468-8892
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Sustainability Initiatives
APPENDIX
TTY 711 for all phone numbers
Type of Incident
Phone Number
NO RECYCLING IN SCHOOLS
Section IX of the Fairfax County School Board’s Policy 8542
states that “Schools and centers will have mandatory recycling
programs for paper products, cans, and bottles. Construction
waste materials will be separated and recycled.” To report
schools that are not recycling in accordance with this policy,
contact the Fairfax County Public Schools Office of Facilities
Management, Plant Operations Section. More information is
available at: http://www.fcps.edu/fts/facmanagement/recycle.
shtml
703-764-2459
BUSINESS OR RESIDENTIAL RECYCLING
To report a suspected violation of recycling requirements
(whether residential or business), contact the Department of
Public Works and Environmental Services—Solid Waste at the
phone number provided or through the Online Complaint/
Comment Form at: https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/trash/
dispcompform.htm
703-324-5230
HEALTH HAZARDS
For information and guidance on a suspected environmental
hazard that may pose a public health risk, call the Health
Department’s Division of Environmental Health. These hazards
include unsanitary storage or disposal of waste; unburied dead
animals; medical waste; insect infestations; and mosquito
breeding sites.
703-246-2444
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Sustainability Initiatives
A publication of the County of Fairfax, Virginia
Publication Date: September 2015
Prepared by the
Fairfax County Office of the County Executive
12000 Government Center Parkway
Fairfax, VA 22035
703-324-7329 TTY 711
http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov
The County of Fairfax is committed to a policy of nondiscrimination in all County programs,
services and activities and will provide reasonable accommodations upon request.