Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola

Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI, Box 1149 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Email: [email protected]
Byrone Irvine, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 4L3; Guy Lafond, AAFC, Indian Head, SK S0K 2K0
Derwyn Hammond, Canola Council of Canada, Brandon, MB R7B 3K4
Alternative Harvest Management
Systems For Canola
Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI
Byron Irvine, Brandon AAFC
Guy Lafond, Indian Head AAFC
Derwyn Hammond, CCC
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Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI, Box 1149 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Email: [email protected]
Byrone Irvine, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 4L3; Guy Lafond, AAFC, Indian Head, SK S0K 2K0
Derwyn Hammond, Canola Council of Canada, Brandon, MB R7B 3K4
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Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI, Box 1149 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Email: [email protected]
Byrone Irvine, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 4L3; Guy Lafond, AAFC, Indian Head, SK S0K 2K0
Derwyn Hammond, Canola Council of Canada, Brandon, MB R7B 3K4
Yield - pushed, direct cut or
swathed Indian Head 2002
Yield - pushed, direct cut or
swathed Indian Head 2003
Pushed 2 wks after flower
33.6
Yield
kg/ha
1891
Pushed 3 wks after flower
37.4
2102
0.2
Pushed 3 wks after flower
14.7
828
1.5
Pushed 4 wks after flower
39.6
41.7
2225
2348
0.3
0.1
Pushed 4 wks after flower
Windrow 30% seed change
17.9
13.7
1006
772
1.5
1.4
28.5
33.1
2166
1863
0.1
0.2
Windrow 70% seed change
18.7
1051
1.7
Direct Cut
19.8
1116
0.9
8.2
466
ns
LSD
4.7
269
0.053
Bu/ac
Time and operation
Windrow 30% seed change
Windrow 70% seed change
Direct Cut
LSD
Green
seed
0.0
Time and operation
Pushed 2 wks after flower
Yield - pushed, direct cut or
swathed Brandon 2001
Bu/ac
Pushed Aug-24
Pushed Aug-27
Time and operation
Bu/ac
Pushed Aug-01
2.8
15.8
Yield
kg/ha
892
Green
seed
2.8
14.8
837
Green
seed
1.8
Yield - pushed, direct cut or
swathed Brandon 2002 (4 cult.)
(80 and 125 plants/m2)
Time and operation
Bu/ac Yield
kg/ha
965
17.1
14.3
Yield
kg/ha
807
Green
seed
1.4
Pushed Aug-06
14.2
800
1.3
14.4
13.7
809
772
1.3
1.0
Pushed Aug-29
Pushed Sept-03
16.8
15.3
948
861
2.1
1.3
Pushed Aug-12
Pushed Aug-15
Direct cut
14.4
813
2.3
Pushed Aug 19
13.4
757
1.2
12.9
725
1.0
NS
NS
NS
Windrow Sept-03
16.6
933
0.9
Windrow Aug 20
LSD
2.5
142
1.3
LSD
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Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI, Box 1149 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Email: [email protected]
Byrone Irvine, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 4L3; Guy Lafond, AAFC, Indian Head, SK S0K 2K0
Derwyn Hammond, Canola Council of Canada, Brandon, MB R7B 3K4
Field scale pushing 2001
Field scale pushing 2002
(site 1, 4 reps)
(site 1, 5 reps)
Treatment
Treatment
Bu/ac
Yield
kg/ha
Oil content
%
Bu/ac
Yield
kg/ha
Oil
content %
Pushed Aug-12
41.9
2354
49.3
Pushed Aug 8
29.9
1685
47.0
Pushed Aug 18
44.1
2483
47.9
Pushed Aug 16
32.0
1801
47.7
Windrowed Aug 19
43.6
2455
47.7
Windrow Aug 16
29.2
1646
48.2
LSD
1.7
101
0.73
Field scale pushing 2002
(site 2, 3 reps)
Treatment
Bu/ac
Yield
kg/ha
Oil
content %
Pushed Aug-12
34.4
1938
49.3
Pushed Aug 18
43.6
2455
49.6
Windrowed Aug 19
38.5
2163
50.1
LSD
2.1
118
3.1
4
Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI, Box 1149 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Email: [email protected]
Byrone Irvine, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 4L3; Guy Lafond, AAFC, Indian Head, SK S0K 2K0
Derwyn Hammond, Canola Council of Canada, Brandon, MB R7B 3K4
Time of Swathing Trial
Time of Swathing Trial
6 CPC Site Years (Hyola 440)
Net Yield Averages for 2002 (6 sites)
120
% Yield
100
99 100
105
112
107
100 103
109
113
108
80
88 92
96
30
101 99
25
60
20
40
15
20
10
24.3
25.4
26.5
26.8
50-60%
60-70%
SCC
27.9
25.8
26.7
30-40%
SCC
40-50% 50-60%
SCC 5 lb/ac
SCC
28.3
5
0
3 lb/ac seed rate
5 lb/ac seed rate
8 lb/ac seed rate (Rolla
only)
0
30-40%
SCC
30 to 40% SCC 40 to 50% SCC 50 to 60% SCC 60 to 70% SCC Straight Cut
5
40-50%
SCC
SCC
3 lb/ac
60-70%
SCC
Alternative Harvest Management Systems for Canola: Direct Harvesting Canola
Robert Park, MAFRI, Box 1149 Carman, MB R0G 0J0 Email: [email protected]
Byrone Irvine, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 4L3; Guy Lafond, AAFC, Indian Head, SK S0K 2K0
Derwyn Hammond, Canola Council of Canada, Brandon, MB R7B 3K4
Issues with straight cutting
• Negative
– Splitting of pods
– Pod drop
– Green stalks
– Slower dry down
• Positive
– Fewer operations
– Lower risk of wind damage to swath
– Potential for less green seed
– Higher oil content
Making pushing or direct harvest
work
• Need a heavy crop which is already
lodged or can be lodged
• Pushing reduces the risk by limiting pod
movement, designer lodging, extra work
• If direct cutting low fall winds needed
(a lot to do with luck)
• Need limited soil moisture so the plants
will dry down, if not may need pre-harvest
product (caution Glyphosate different than
Reglone)
To Make Swathing Work
• Delay swathing until 60%
seed color change
• Match seeded acres to
swathing capacity
• Do not swath during low
humidity and high temps
• Green seed is related to
the rate of dry down
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