Document 2040158

J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
This document is a text version of the embedded interactive Timeline on the J.A. Hildes
Northern Medical Unit, University of Manitoba website. Some items reference
documentation. This referenced documentation is not attached to this document.
1942
US Army Builds Base in Churchill, Manitoba
The US Army selected Churchill as a stop on a planned air evacuation
route from the European theatre of war. A base was established that could
provide temporary medical care to wounded soldiers en route back to the
US.
1944
US Facility Turned over to the Canadian Government
The Canadian government took over the facility in 1944, at first using it for
arctic training exercises. By 1948 a substantial military installation was in
operation, complete with large air field, hospital, houses, offices, and
storage buildings.
1952
Dr. Hildes Visits Churchill
As an Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, University of
Manitoba, Dr. J.A. Hildes visits Churchill as a consultant to the Canadian
Army.
timeline/hildes_dock.gif
1955
Dr. Hildes becomes Director of the Arctic Medical Research Unit of
the Canadian Defence Research Board associated with the Dept of
Physiology at the U of M
During this time (and into the 1960's) Dr. Hildes was engaged in physiology
research with regard to cold adaptation. This work led to numerous trips to
circumpolar arctic regions. He also reported on health conditions in general
and prevailing infectious diseases in the native population groups. Through
his research Dr. Hildes also developed a deep understanding of the
medical needs of the arctic people and the challenges faced by health care
workers.
timeline/hildes_and_team.gif
1956
Dr. David Grewar, Paediatrician Makes his First Visit to Rankin Inlet
Dr. Grewar makes his first of thousands of visits to Rankin Inlet; visits which
will continue until his retirement at the age of 85 in 2007.
1961
Dr. John Speakman, Ophthalmologist Visits the Arctic
Dr. Speakman visited the Arctic for the first time as a part of the medical
team aboard the C.D. Howe (from 1950 to 1968 the Canadian Coast Guard
Ship delivered supplies and dispensed medical and administrative services;
and in particular screened the Inuit for tuberculosis. A painful memory for
the Inuit as family members diagnosed with TB would be sent south for
Page 1 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
treatment; sometimes for years). As a colleague of Dr. Speakman, Dr.
Hildes invited him to become a consultant to the NMU while in its early
days. Dr. Speakman retired in 2006 and he and his wife attended the
NMU’s annual Specialist’s Wine & Cheese as special guests.
1961/62
Canadian Army withdraws from Fort Churchill Military Hospital.
A local civilian board assumes control of the Hospital. They obtain
operating funds from the Manitoba Hospital Commission (now Manitoba
Health Services Commission) and rename the Hospital the Fort Churchill
and District General Hospital.
1967
Excerpt from the Canad. Med. Assoc. J., 15 Nov 1969, vol. 101-577,
Morbidity, Mortality, and Medical Care in the Keewatin Area of the
Central Arctic
"A rotating program for residents would also augment the medical facilities
in Churchill Hospital, which are at times meagre. The University of
Manitoba would seem to be best suited for this type of affiliation, both by
reason of geographical proximity and previous interest in the area." on the
4th page of the article:
time_line/mortality_1967_keewatin.pdf
1968, 3 Jan
Report: The Medical Situation at Churchill from Dr. Hildes to Dean
Fyles
The Report outlines how the closure of the Department of Defense Medical
Facilities, among other factors, exacerbated the problems associated with
the provision of adequate medical care for remote communities in Northern
Manitoba.
time_line/med_sit_church_69.pdf
1969, 11 Feb
Letter from Deputy Minister of the Dept of National National Health
and Welfare, J.N. Crawford to Dean of Medicine University of
Manitoba, Dr. T.W. Fyles
Letter exploring solutions to the problems associated with the Health of
First Nations in northern Manitoba and the then Keewatin region of the
Northwest Territories; as well as the difficulty in attracting and retaining
physicians who once recruited often stay for only short periods of time. The
potential of Canadian universities to provide medical services to remote
communities is considered.
time_line/NHW_to_Fyles_feb_1969.pdf
1969, 14 May
A Medical Plan for Churchill and The Keewatin
"A Medical Plan for Churchill and the Keewatin" outlines the role for the
University of Manitoba to provide medical services in Churchill and
Keewatin in the following areas: recruitment, continuity of services, and
supervision of professional activities.
Page 2 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
time_line/plan_for_church_may_1969.PDF
1969, 21 May
Minutes of a Meeting Re: Medical Plan for Churchill
Minutes from a Faculty of Medicine meeting discussing "A Medical Plan for
Churchill and the Keewatin".
time_line/minutes_21_may_1969.PDF
1969, 19 Aug
Letter from the Regional Director of the Dept. of National Health and
Welfare to Dr. J.A. Hildes
Letter from Dr. G.C. Butler outlining the general agreement between the
Government of Canada and the Faculty of Medicine.
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1969, 12 Nov
Draft for Medical Services to the Manitoba Hospital Commission by
J.A. Hildes
A plan, including a budget to provide "continuity of satisfactory medical
service" to Churchill.
time_line/draft_hildes_MB_hosp_comm.pdf
1970, 14 Feb
Winnipeg Free Press - North Health Plan Set
Article announcing the "new plan" to expand medical services in Churchill
and the Keewatin District as it appeared in the Free Press on the 14th of
February 1970.
time_line/1970_14_feb_FP.gif
1970, 23 Mar
Press Release
The Northern Medical Unit issues a Press Release stating the communities
of Churchill and the Keewatin Area of the Northwest Territories will be
provided with the continuous services of four physicians in addition to
specialists from Winnipeg. The specialists would treat patients sent to
Winnipeg and would also make trips north.
time_line/1970_press_release.gif
1970, 1 July
The Northern Medical Unit Officially Begins
The University of Manitoba's newly formed Northern Medical Unit officially
undertakes commitments for health care in the Churchill and the Keewatin
District of the Northwest Territories. Drs. Unger, Alan Ciasko, Dr. Carey
Lam were the 1st three physicians, later in the year they were joined by a
4th, Dr. Ragan McGregor.
time_line/graphic_church_hosp.gif
1970, 10 Sept
Dr. Hildes is Interviewed on CBC Radio
Dr. Hildes is interviewed for the "Hudson Weekly Goes to Press" regarding
the newly formed Northern Medical Unit. Click on the link below to listen:
Page 3 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
media/cbc_hildes_1969.mp3
1971, 31 Dec
1st Annual Report
In addition to the four resident general practitioners, eleven specialists from
seven specialities made periodic visits. The last of those original
specialists was still traveling for the NMU as late as 2007.
time_line/1970_report.gif
1972
Dental Program Begins
Dr. Brunet began the 1st of his 4 years in Churchill. For the first year the
Program consisted mainly of treatment backlog which then evolved towards
a full preventative and school education program.
timeline/1977_brunet.gif
1973
1st Social Worker
Kathy Taner was the first social worker.
1973
Dental Hygienist Role Created
The role of dental hygienist was created but not filled until 1974.
1974
1st Group of U of M Graduates Practice in Churchill
Drs. Kay Wotton, Sharon Macdonald, and Eddie Berinstein are the 1st
group of U of M graduates to practice in Churchill.
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1974
Dr. Lorna Medd named as Co-Director
Dr. Lorna Medd becomes the Unit's 1st Co-Director.
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1975, 10-12 Mar Churchill Health Conference
Sponsored by the Churchill Health Centre and the NMU. Attended by Dr.
J.A. Hildes, Dr. Brian Postl (then Mr. Postl, Med IV), Dr. Sharon Macdonald,
and Dr. A. Naimark.
Conference Sessions included topics on: The Cultural Environment,
Regional Practices and Policies, Specific Health Concerns, Health
Concerns of the People, and Progress and Prospects.
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1975
NMU Expands to Include the Percy E. Moore Hospital
The Percy E. Moore Hospital serves the First Nations communities of
Peguis, Fisher River, and Jackhead (Kinonjeoshtegon First Nation) as well
as the farming communities of Fisher Branch and Hodgson.
time_line/pem_hospital_small.gif
Page 4 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
1975
NMU Adds 5 Communities on the East Side of Lake Winnipeg to its
Programs
Berens River, Bloodvein, Little Grand Rapids, Pauingassi, & Poplar River
communities are added to the other areas we service.
1975
NMU is Approached by Manitoba Indian Brotherhood re: Island
Lake Communities
Letter received by the MIB for the Unit to conduct a needs assessment
study for the Island Land communities.
1976, 27-28 Mar Native Approaches to Health Conference
Conference Presenters: Larry Starr, Dr. Don Rogers, Albert Lightning, Rev.
Adam Cuthand, Marie Funmaker, Mrs. Rose Jackson, Raoul McKay, Doris
Fontaine, Dorothy Settee, Wesley Weenusk, Rose Bear, Earl Duncan, Dr.
Mike Scott, Bennett Redhead, Margaret Sutherland, Rev. John Fullmer, Dr.
Charles Ferguson, Sylvia James, Isabel Whitford, Linda Williams, Verna
Martin, Liz Chapman, Chlista Traverse, Colin Bruce, Beatrice Wilson,
Antoine Lussier, Herman Burston, Campbell Conno, Deanna Mueller, Ron
Kristjanson, and Ronnie Fontaine.
timeline/JC_2.gif
1976, 13-14 July USSR (Russian) Health Officials visit the Faculty of Medicine
1976
Addition of Norway House Hospital
Physician services commenced in Norway House.
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1977, 20-22 Apr
Churchill Health Conference
Sponsored by: The Churchill Health Centre and the University of Manitoba
Northern Medical Unit.
Faculty of Medicine Members Present: Dr. J.A. Hildes, Dr. Tom Baskett, Dr.
Judy Ellestad-Sayed, Dr. Charles Ferguson, Dr. David Grewar, Dr. Lorna
Medd.
Conference Sessions included topics on: Perspectives on Northern Health
Care, Maternal and Child Care, Children: Infancy to Adolescence, Alcohol,
and Influences on Health Care Delivery in the North.
timeline/1977_conference.gif
1977, 1 July
Dr. Sharon Mcdonald in Oxford House
Services were provided to Oxford House by Dr. Mcdonald between 1977
and 1980 and then continued for a few years by other NMU doctors.
timeline/oxford_house.gif
1979
Special Premedical Students Program Established
Page 5 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
This program was established by a joint effort of the Faculties of Medicine,
Dentistry, Sciences, and the Division of Continuing Education. It was
created out of concern by Aboriginal leaders that, with one exception, no
physician or dentist of Aboriginal ancestry had ever graduated from the
University of Manitoba. This Program prepares students of native ancestry
to become competitive for entry into the professional schools of Medicine
and Dentistry.
timeline/HI_cook_bartlett_lg.gif
1979
Dr. Frank Duerksen, Orthopaedic Surgeon Makes his First Trip North
Dr. Frank Duerksen, an expert in leprosy surgery in South American and
Africa takes his first trips north whilst at the U of M finishing his residency.
He returned to South America in 1979 and then returned to Winnipeg in
1985.
1979, Jan
Obs/Gyn Consultant, Dr. Gerry McCarthy makes his First Visits to
Island Lake with the NMU
1979, 24 Oct
Dr. Hildes Invested as a Member of the Order of Canada
Dr. Hildes was appointed to the Order of Canada for his inspired leadership
in healthcare in Winnipeg and in many northern communities.
timeline/hildes_b_w.gif
1980
NMU Expands to Include Island Lake Communities
Delivery of services to the 4 communities: Garden Hill, Red Sucker Lake,
St. Theresa Point, and Wassagamack begin under a unique tripartite
contract involving the University of Manitoba, the Chiefs of each
community, and Medical Services.
time_line/gh_ns_group.gif
1980, 1 June
Churchill Health Conference: 10 Years in Churchill
Papers delivered:
The Development of the Churchill Health Centre – Robert G. Whitmore
Dental Services to Churchill and the Keewatin Zone – Dr. Murray Pearson
Hyperbilirubinemia in Inuit Neonates – Dr. Brian Postl
Perinatal Mortality: Churchill and the Keewatin Zone, 1975-1979 – Dr.
Stella Blackshaw
G.P. Anesthesia at the Churchill Health Centre – Ten Year Experience –
Douglas DuVal
Cholecystectomy at Churchill and Winnipeg 1970-1980 Inclusive – Dr.
Duncan Gillespie
Tympanoplasties Performed on Keewatin Inuit at the Churchill Health
Centre 1976-1978 – Dr. David McCullough
Perinatal and Infant Mortality and Morbidity Survey 1979-1980 Keewatin
Cohort Follow-up – Dr. Brian Postl
Page 6 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Chemoprophylaxis for Meningitis in Baker Lake, N.W.T. – Dr. Lindsay
Nicolle
Ten Years of Psychiatric Experience with the Northern Medical Unit – Dr.
Donald D. Rogers
Bronchiolitis Epidemic: Repulse Bay, 1978 – Dr. Edward C. Lembke
Gastroenteritis – Inpatient Experience at the Churchill Health Centre – Dr.
James B. Carson
Experimental Health in the Keewatin – Theodore Carr
Churchill Physicians of the Seventies and Other Reflections – Dr. J.A.
Hildes
1981, 18 Sept
Native People’s Mental Health Symposium
Sponsored by: The University of Manitoba Northern Medical Unit
Conference Presenters and Speakers: Larry Starr, Dr. J.A. Hildes, Dr.
Harry Prosen, Dr. Clare Brant, John Childs, Dr. Allen M. Torrie, Mary
Peterson, Madeline Skead, Dr. Harvey Armstrong, Joyce Timson, Lucas
Tait, Virginia Beardy, James Quequish, Myrna Whitehawk, Phillip Painter,
Don Robertson, Robert G. Whitmore, Deborah Henderson, Judy Rupert, Al
Keeper, Mary Hall, Samuel Gargan, Evelyn Blondin, Eliza Lawrence, Dr.
Art Blue, and Dr. Carolyn Attneave.
1982, Jan 26
University of North Dakota visit the Faculty of Medicine
Faculty and students of the University of North Dakota Indians into
Medicine Program (INMED) visit University of Manitoba Faculty of
Medicine.
1983
Obstetrical Outreach Ultrasound Program in Island Lake
Initiated by Dr. Gerry McCarthy, a separate contract provided for a portable
ultrasound machine and a nurse technician to accompany the obstetriciangynaecologist in his community visits to examine high risk pregnancies.
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1984
Dr. Pam Orr leaves Rankin Inlet/Dr. Lisa Lugtig assumes Duties
Dr. Pam Orr was in Rankin for 3 years; servicing Rankin Inlet, Chesterfield
Inlet, and Whale Cove. Dr Lugtig to assume duties in Rankin in the
summer of 1984.
time_line/lugtig_lisa_1988.gif
1984, Apr
Opticians no Longer Traveling to Churchill & the Keewatin
The Gov. of NWT, Dept. of Health developed an Ophthalmic Technician
Program which will include 3 to 4 visits per settlement per year. The goal of
the Program will be to provide refraction and glasses as well as identify eye
pathology for referral to ophthalmologists. As a consequence opticians will
no longer be traveling with consultant ophthalmologists. The lists of
Page 7 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
patients faced by the visiting ophthalmologists on their annual visits will be
much reduced.
1984, June
Addition of Sanikiluaq
Sanikkiluaq began receiving general practitioner and specialists services.
time_line/sani_1.gif
1984
Division of Community and Northern Medicine Formed
No longer a separate entity the NMU now comes under the umbrella of the
Division of Community and Northern Medicine.
1984
Dr. Hildes Retires/Dr. Postl Named New Director
With over 30 years of involvement in the north Dr. Hildes retired. Upon his
retirement Dr. Brian Postl was named the new Director of the NMU and Dr.
Michael Moffat, the 1st Assistant Director.
time_line/postl.gif
1982, Summer
Dr. Patrick Brown and Wife, Rosemary Brown
Dr. Patrick Brown joined the NMU as a locum and by the following summer
was on full time staff at the Churchill Health Centre. In 1984 he was
appointed Chief of Staff in Churchill. After Dr. Brown's retirement in 1989
he and his wife, Rosemary moved to Rankin Inlet. Rosemary wore many
hats with, first the Keewatin Regional Health Board and later the Nunavut
Government. She passed away in December of 2009. And, although, not
working directly with the NMU she was considered one of our family. She
made many contributions to health care including to the Rankin Inlet
Birthing Station, health centres in Arviat, Chesterfield Inlet, and Cambridge
Bay, the residence in Chesterfiled Inlet, the Genral Hospital in Iqaluit,
health care centres in Gjoa Haven and Igloolik. The Quiet Room at the
Kivalliq Regional Health Centre was named in honour of her memory.
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1984, 24 June
Dr. Hildes Appointed to the Order of Canada
Dr. Hildes was appointed to the Order of Canada for his inspired leadership
in healthcare in Winnipeg and in many northern communities.
1984, 30 Nov
Dr. Hildes Passes
Sadly, Dr. Hildes passed on the 28th of November 1984. Attached is an
article that was printed in the Winnipeg Free Press on the 30th of
November 1984.
time_line/obit_hildes.gif
1984, 14 Dec
Northern Medical Unit Renamed
The Board of Governors of the University of Manitoba heartily endorse the
renaming of the Northern Medical Unit to the J.A. Hildes Northern Medical
Unit.
Page 8 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
timeline/rename_NMU.gif
1985
Paediatric Anaesthesia Program Developed In Churchill
This Program was developed to facilitate dental surgery and reduce the
long list of Keewatin children waiting dental restoration.
time_line/Carson_jim_1977.gif
1985
Dr. Frank Duerksen, Orthopaedic Surgeon Begins Making Regular
Visits North
Returning to Winnipeg, after doing medical missionary work with lepers at
Kilometer 81 in South America, Dr. Duerksen began once again travelling
north intermittently. In 1990 he began making trips on a regular basis to
several communities filling a much needed area.
1985, 1 July
Dr. Jim Carson Assumes the Duties of as Medical Program
Coordinator for Churchill and the Keewatin
Paediatrician, Dr. Carson takes on the duties of the Medical Co-ordinator
replacing Dr. Brian Postl, Director of the Division of Community and
Northern Medicine.
time_line/Carson_jim_1977.gif
1986, 17 Jan
Paediatric Dental Surgery Program Developed in Norway House
Considered a major achievement was the beginning of the paediatric dental
surgery Program. The approach was multidisciplinary involving CHR's,
dental therapists, public health nurses, and medical staff. This first year
nearly 20 children had their teeth repaired. All cases had problems caused
by nursing bottle caries. Community and parent education programs were
instituted.
1986, Oct
Botulism in Sanikiluaq
Several cases of botulism from a common source occurred.
1987, March
Dr. Jim Carson Replaced by Dr. Mike Moffat as Churchill Medical
Program Co-ordinator
Dr. Mike Moffat, Associate Director of the NMU replaced Dr. Carson.
1987
1st Three Native Physicians Graduate from SPSP
The first three native physicians graduate from the Special Premedical
Studies Program and will enter the Family Medicine Residency Program.
The 4th is to graduate in 1988.
time_line/canfamphys00123-0187.pdf
1987
Medal Struck in Honour of Dr. Hildes
With a grant from the Donner Canadian Foundation, the Canadian Society
for Circumpolar Health, (est. 1984 and co-founded by Dr. Hildes) strike a
Page 9 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
medal in honour of Dr. Hildes. At every International Congress of
Circumpolar Health 5 recipients are awarded the medal. The international
award is one of prestige and honour, given to those working with the
dedication exemplified by that of Dr. HIldes
time_line/hildes_medal.gif
1987
Department of Community Health Sciences is Formed/Dr. Postl
Named Head
The NMU merged with the former Department of Social and Preventative
Medicine to form the one large Dept. of Community Health Sciences. Dr.
Brian Postl, who had been the Director of the NMU, was appointed Head of
the new department.
1987
Dr. Michael Moffatt Appointed Director of the NMU
In the early 1970’s, after a rotating Internship at the Royal Victoria Hospital
Dr. Moffatt spent two years as a General Practitioner in Fort Rae NWT
where he developed a lifelong passion for northern and aboriginal health
issues.
1988
Fax Machines Come to the Keewatin
The introduction of Fax machines to all the health centres in the Keewatin
was well received - they can even be used to transmit ECG's to Winnipeg!
1988
Transfer of Health Care in the Keewatin from the Federal Dept of
Health and Welfare to the NWT Territorial Gov
Comment from 1988/89 Annual Report: "It will take some time for the NWT
to get an efficient system running, but meanwhile it is frustrating for doctors,
nurses, and patients."
1989
New Urban Walk-In-Clinics Give the NMU Recruitment Competition
Quote from 1988/89 Annual Report: Competition from the new urban walkin-clinics and hospital emergency departments where young physicians can
make a good living with considerably less stress and without having to
leave the urban area, combined with the fact that most medical schools are
decreasing their enrollment and most provinces are moving towards a two
year internship, is going to mean that in the near future there will be far
fewer Canadian graduates available for northern work.
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1988, 31 Oct
Addition of Grand Rapids and Chemewawin
Physician services commenced in Grand Rapids and Chemawawin
(Easterville).
1989, July
NMU Psychiatric Nurse Pilot Project
Page 10 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
8 communities on the east side of Lake Winnipeg received clinical services
offered over a 6 month period by senior psychiatric nurses from the Health
Sciences Centre until funding became unavailable.
1990
Keewatin Suffers Bronchiolitis Outbreak Caused by Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
Dr. Pam Orr studies the changing epidemiology of the illness in conjunction
with Cadham Provincial Laboratory.
1990, May
Dr. Sharon Macdonald New Associate Director of the NMU
Dr. Macdonald graduated in 1972 and soon after finishing her residency
she began a life long career and association with the NMU.
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1990
Dr. Pam Orr takes on the duties of Medical Program Co-ordinator for
Churchill
Dr. Orr met Dr. Hildes in 1980 and under his mentorship, as well as Otto
Schaefer’s, and Jose Kusugak’s worked as a primary care physician in
many communities in the Canadian Arctic.
1990
Keewatin Suffers Bronchiolitis Outbreak
The area suffers an outbreak caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus in midwinter from Dec 1990 through to Feb 1991. In some communities 100% of
children under the age of 1 were evacuated because they were ill. Dr. Pam
Orr is studying the changing epidemiology of this illness in conjunction with
Cadham Provincial Laboratory.
1990, 22 Nov
Northern Health Symposium - NMU - 20 Years
The NMU celebrates 20 years with a symposium which looked at the past
and the future.
time_line/caribou_heard_1990.pdf
1990, 23 Nov
Grand Chief, Phil Fontaine on the 20th Anniversary of the NMU
1991
Vasectomies and D&Cs Performed In Norway House
"I am very pleased that on this 20th anniversary of the J.A. Hildes Northern
Medical Unit I can point to the Northern Medical Unit and the Department of
Community Health Sciences as presenting an example of precisely the type
of progressive action I am advocating.” P Fontaine. Grand Chief, Assembly
of Manitoba Chiefs at Northern Health Symposium.
The physicians in Norway House developed the capabilities of doing
vasectomies and dilatation and curettage resulting in a decrease in the
number of patients requiring evacuation.
Page 11 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
1991
Long-Term Physicians, Dr. Joseph Dooley and Dr. Lee Cummings
Depart
Both Dr. Dooley (started in September 1981) and Dr. Cummings were two
long term dedicated members of the Percy E. Moore staff and the NMU.
1991
Dr. Pam Orr promoted to Medical Program Co-ordinator for Churchill
1991
Dr. Bruce Martin Hired as Chief of Staff at the Churchill Health
Centre
Dr. Martin’s earlier clinical experience was in northern Ontario in Kirkland
Lake and Moose Factory with the Medical Services Branch Health Canada
as Chief of Staff.
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1991
Infectious Disease Control and Management
“The challenges of infectious disease control and management of chronic
disease provided vivid contrasts in the practice of medicine in the areas we
(NMU) serve. Diabetes and hypertension in Northern Manitoba in contrast
to outbreaks of E.coli 0157 (hamburger disease), trichinosis, botulism, and
measles in the Keewatin communities reflect the changing epidemiology of
disease in aboriginal peoples.” Dr. Sharon Macdonald
1991, June
Dr. Sharon Macdonald named Director of the Northern Medical Unit
Dr. Macdonald, former Medical Program Coordinator for the Keewatin
Program and Assistant Director of the NMU replaces Dr. Michael Moffat.
Dr. Moffat assumes the role of Associate Director in the Department of
Community Health Sciences. Dr. Catherine Cook is named as the
Associate Director.
1991, Summer
VTEC Outbreak in the Keewatin District
The outbreak of VTEC during the summer of 1991 was larger than any
similar epidemic previously reported in the medical literature.
1991 to 1994
NMU Mental Health Outreach Project
A 3 year demonstration project for a mental health project commenced in
November of 1991 in Garden Hill, Red Sucker Lake, St. Theresa Point, and
Wasagamack. It was expanded to include the Percy E. Moore area, and
Norway House. The project was discontinued on 31 March 1994.
1991, 1 Jul
Sharon Hunting takes on role of Nurse Co-ordinator for the Keewatin
Sharon graduated as an RN in 1970. She worked in Fort Rae (where she
met and later married Dr. Mike Moffatt) as a community health nurse and
as a single nurse station in Fort Liard. After moving to Winnipeg she
pursued her interest in cross cultural health advocacy and delivery in
different roles.
Page 12 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
1992
Dr. Lindsay Duval, Otolaryngology and other NMU Physicians Initiate
Review
Dr. Lindsay Duval, Otolaryngology and other NMU physicians have initiated
a review of middle ear disease and the ENT services in Churchill and the
Keewatin as suppurative otitis media continues to be a significant problem.
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1993
Dr. Charlie Ferguson Moves On
Dr. Ferguson has been the Director of the Children’s Clinic at Children’s
Hospital, a consultant to the NMU since its' inception, and since 1990 the
Director of the Child Protection Centre at the Children;s Hospital. At this
point in his career he decided to devote as much time as possible to the
Child Protection Centre but maintain his relationship with the NMU as
"Professor Emeritus".
timeline/H_ferguson_charlie_79_lg.gif
1993
Obstetrical Ultrasound Outreach Program Begins in Churchill
First proposed for funding in 1986, the ultrasound Program finally began
operating in Churchill. The service will prevent many referrals of Churchill
and Keewatin patients who previously required ultrasound scanning in
Winnipeg.
1993
Colposcopy Program Begins in Churchill
First proposed for funding in 1990, this Program was instituted in the fall by
Drs. Guijon, Heywood, and Bernier, along with Dr. Wendy Smith.
Diagnosis and therapy can now be performed in one visit, avoiding
recurrent travel to a tertiary care centre such as in Winnipeg. Drs. Guijon
and Heywood are still traveling to Churchill (2010) and Dr. Wendy Smith,
family physician, travels to Island Lake.
1993
Birthing Pilot Project Commences in Rankin Inlet
In its first year, the project has been successful in providing local obstetric
care to low risk pregnant women from Rankin inlet. Dr. Sharon Macdonald,
Dr. Mitch Giffin, and the NMU obstetricians worked with the KRHB and
midwives in developing the project.
1993, Nov 16
Podiatry Pilot Project in the Fly-In Area
At the request of the Medical Services Branch, the NMU introduced
podiatry services by Dr. Pas Fernando on a pilot project basis. The
services proved to be very popular with patients and raised awareness of
the importance of good foot care for the elderly and those with diabetes.
1993, Summer
Dr. Lisa Lugtig Leaves Rankin Inlet
Page 13 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Dr. Lugtig served the communities of Rankin Inlet, Chesterfield Inlet, and
Whale Cove for 9 years. She left in the summer of 1993. She will continue
to offer locum and on-call support to the NMU after her move to Winnipeg.
timeline/HI_lugtig_lise_deegan_mike_1985_lg.gif
1993
Dr. Brian Postl Awarded the John Arthur Hildes Medal
1994, April
Podiatry Pilot Project Suspended and then Cancelled
Podiatry suspended pending clarification of the source of funding by the
Medical Services Branch. Although, under non-insured services Dr. Pas
Fernando resumed trips into the South East communities. Having no
funding the Project was discontinued by Medical Services.
1994
Need for a Mental Health Program In Churchill Remains a Priority
Discussions are ongoing with the Keewatin Regional Health Board
regarding cooperating in a mental health outreach program.
1994, April
Obstetrical Outreach Ultrasound Program Expands to Norway House
1994
Dr. Bruce Martin Resigns as Chief of Staff in Churchill
In the summer of 1994 Dr. Martin moved to Winnipeg to pursue a Masters
Degree in Community Health Sciences and to work in the island Lake Area.
Dr. Pam Orr assumed official duties as Chief of Staff at the Churchill Health
Centre with Drs. Joe Hildes and Wendy Smith functioning as senior NMU
liaison physicians.
1994, Jan
Changes in Licensing Requirements Adversely Effect Recruitment
“More stringent licensing requirements for physicians in Manitoba took
effect in January 1994 thus reducing the available pool of physician
resources. Medical schools have eliminated the one year internship,
moving towards a two year family practice program and a specialty stream.
Hence, 1994 new physicians entering general practice were reduced by
some 50% further depleting the availability of recruits. By early 1994 these
changes coupled with aggressive recruiting by American firms have
resulted in worrisome deficits in rural physicians numbers across the
country.” Dr. Sharon Macdonald
1995
Vitamin D Deficient Rickets Therapeutic Intervention Program
A Program was initiated for the prevention of Vitamin D deficient rickets
through prenatal and infant Vitamin D supplementation.
1995, April
Provision of Cellular Phone and Fax Machine Proves Popular
The provision of a cell phone and fax machine has proved popular and is a
success to the physicians on weekend call.
Page 14 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
1995, Sept 5
Dr. Wendy Smith Leaves Churchill and Starts in the Island Lake
Program Area
After 8 years in Churchill Dr. Wendy Smith commences practice in Red
Sucker Lake and Wasagamack.
time_line/churc_199-_group.gif
1994/95
Fiscal Year Dominated by Difficulties in Recruitment
Difficulties have arisen as a result of changes in educational requirements
for doctors; introduction of a 2 year Family Practice Program and
elimination of the 1 year internship; limitations on licensing of foreign
medical graduates, and the policies of the Physician Resource Committee
for Manitoba and the licensing body of the Northwest Territories.
1995, October
NMU Travels to Ireland on an Intensive Recruitment Campaign
In response to the changes in education, licensing, and political reforms
which pushed physicians away from small northern and rural communities
towards short-term locum practice, urban preference, and international
locations; the NMU traveled to Ireland on a Recruitment Campaign.
1995/1996
Difficult Year with a tremendous Increase in the Number of ShortTerm Physicians and Rapid Turnover
Clinic and Hospital staff in all areas had to make many adjustments during
this period to provide good quality health care. Dr. Nick Williams in Norway
House; Drs. Vivian Ming, Mark Viljoen, Nikki Stilwell, and Daviid Roberts in
Hodgson; Drs. Carolina Araneda, Sid Brodovsky, and Cary Shafir in
Churchill provided continuity of care during this period. Brenda Dawyduk
and Nurse Practitioners who went above and beyond were Fran Schmidt,
Heather Hackney, Dan Wiebe, Rhonda Campbell, Kathy Stairs, and Linda
Roden in Norway House and Ann Batstone and Barb Nichol in Hodgson.
Dr. Sam Cleto and Dr. Ralph Robertson also deserve special mention for
pitching in on short notice. The Winnipeg staff rallied to the task and our
consultants provided generous backup. Families of the Physicians and
NP's were also especially supportive during this period.
1996, Spring
Bronchiolitis Epidemic in Keewatin Occurs Earlier and More Severe
than Usual
A particularly large number of patients effected, primarily under the age of 2
years. The degree of illness also appeared to be more severe than in
previous years and occurred in February, earlier than the usual epidemic of
April/May.
1996, July
Dr. Nichole Riese Begins as a Locum
Dr. Riese visited Garden Hill as a locum beginning her career with the
NMU.
timeline/riese_nichole_2000.gif
Page 15 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
1996, 26 Aug
Drs. Anne Durcan and Alec Macaulay in Rankin Inlet
Drs. Durcan and Macaulay begin their careers with the NMU in Rankin Inlet
as family physicians. They both lived and practiced in the Kivalliq for one
year.
timeline/anne_alec.jpg
1996, Nov
Dr. Catherine Cook Steps Down as Associate Director
Dr. Catherine Cook takes new responsibilities at Medical Services Branch
and leaves NMU.
1996, Nov
Dr. Bruce Martin appointed Associate Director
1996/1997
The seed is planted for the future Diabetic Foot and Retinal
Screening Programs
Visiting Physician, Dr. Isabel Barnard and a Nurse from Medical Services
perform retinal screening and diabetic foot checks in the Fly-In Program
Area (east side of the lake communities) and the Island Lake Communities.
The clinics were well supported and several cases of diabetic retinopathy
were identified.
1997, January
Significant Epidemic of Bronchiolitits in St. Theresa Point
anne_alec.jpg
1997
Pukatawagan Added to the Communities Serviced by the NMU
1997
Dr. Perry Gall takes responsibility for the Churchill Program Area.
1997
Dr. Pam Orr Takes on New Responsibilities in the Dept of Internal
Medicine
1997
Establishing Tele-Video Links
A project to establish televideo links between Northern communities and
Winnipeg was initiated with the Department of Communications.
1997, Sept
A Fond Farewall to Bob Whitmore
After years of administrative support, Bob Whitmore left the NMU.
1997, Oct
Dr. Sharon Macdonald Travels to Australia
Dr. Macdonald commenced sabbatical leave and traveled to Australia to
share experience with Australian Aboriginal health programs.
1997, Oct
Dr. Bruce Martin becomes Acting Director
Page 16 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Dr. Martin, Associate Director assumes the role of Acting Director while Dr.
Macdonald is on sabbatical.
1997, Oct
Keewatin Regional Health Board Redefines Relationship with NMU
The long-standing relationship between the Keewatin Regional Health
Board and the NMU was severed in October 1997 in favour of
independently contracted general practitioners and consultants. This
change prompted the Kivalliq Inuit Association to have the Territorial
Government intervene and in March 1998 an interim agreement was
established with the U of M to re-instate family physician and consultant
services.
1997
Primary Care Skills Program
NMU participates with the University of Manitoba Faculty of Nursing in the
Primary Care Skills Program. This multidisciplinary and collaborative
initiative involved the participation of NMU family physicians and
consultants in a course dedicated to nurses working in expanded role in
northern Aboriginal communities.
1997, 9 Dec
Tragedy for the NMU and Community Members in Little Grand
Rapids.
In the 40 years of serving the north the first and only aircraft collision
involving NMU staff took place on a flight from Winnipeg to Little Grand
Rapids. Sadly, there were 4 fatalities and 13 serious injuries, including the
NMU's Dr. Gerard Huot. Tragically Dr. Huot suffered severe brain injuries.
Dr. Huot was a dedicated individual and had been caring for people in the
communities of Pauingassi, Little Grand Rapids, and Bloodvein for a
number of years. In addition to his work with the NMU Dr. Huot had coordinated health care programs for the Maori people of New Zealand.
timeline/1998_cmaj_huot.pdf
1999, 1 Apr
Nunavut Province is Established ceding from Northwest Territories
With the creation of Nunavut the Kivalliq Region replaced the former
Keewatin Region of Northwest Territories.
1999
Drs. Anne Durcan and Alec Macaulay Co-Direct Inuit Health Program
2000, 26 Jan
Flu Outbreak in Sanikiluaq
Over a 3 day period more than 100 people came to the nursing station
complaining of chills, coughs, fevers, and aches. The NMU responded by
sending a team of health care providers to provide treatment and
prevention strategies. A new medicine called Zanamavir was used to
prevent further cases and spread of the virus. Before the epidemic wore
itself out there were 6 emergency medevacs and all effected by the flu
survived.
Page 17 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
2000, May
Dr. Geranld Huot Receives the Manitoba Medical Association (MMA)
2000 Humanitarian Award
Nominated by the NMU, the Award was given to Dr. Huot for outstanding
contributions in the service of humanity.
2000, Fall
1st Nurse Practitioner in Manitoba to work with Clinic Staff at Percy
E. Moore Hospital
In the fall of 2000 Hodgson area resident and PEM nurse, Jeanette
Bouchard began her career as a nurse practitioner at Percy E. Moore
Hospital.
2000, Sept
Rehab Program Gets Underway in Rankin and Surrounding Area
After having been proposed in 1990 and then the occasional visit made by
part-time physio locums beginning in 1992; the Rehab Program is approved
and underway. Mary Eaton, Physiotherapist and Jaye O'Brien,
Occupational Therapist began providing locum visits before the arrival of
full-time Physiotherapist, Monica Achtemichuk. Monica was joined by
Bonnie Kirkpatrick, full-time Physiotherapist and then in January 2001 by
Sally Anne Loughrey, full-time Speech Language Pathologist and Meiwan
Tsui, full-time Occupational Therapist.
2000, 22 Nov
Diabetic Foot Nurse Clinician Outreach Program Begins
Drs. John Embil and Frank Duerksen from the Diabetic Foot Clinic at HSC
and NMU consultants for spearheaded this program. The Program is
designed to provide foot assessment, routine diabetic foot care for high risk
patients, and diabetic wound care improving patient outcomes. In addition
to assessment and treatment the Clinician is to provide education within the
communities, liaison with community and tertiary care centres in Winnipeg,
and clinical research. Nurse, Chris Everhardus will be travelling to the
communities to treat and prevent complications of diabetic feet.
Orthotic Service and Total Contact Casting Clinics
In tandem with the launch of the Foot Nurse Outreach Program, Orthotic
Service (4 communities) and Total Contact Casting Clinics (Norway House)
were also launched.
2001, 11 Sept
Dr. Christine Egan Dies in the World Trade Centre Disaster
Originally from Hull, UK, Dr. Egan worked for more than 20 years as a
nurse in Pond Inlet, Coral Harbour, Chesterfield Inlet, and Rankin Inlet. Her
commitment to northern residents manifested in her studies of nutrition and
environmental health among the Inuit, culminating in a PhD from the U of M
in 1999. She was visiting her brother at his place of work at the World
Trade Centre on the 11th. Both her brother, Michael and herself perished in
the tragedy. Photo: Chris Egan in Pond Inlet, late 1960's
timeline/egan_chris_pond_inlet.gif
Page 18 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
2001, 11 Sept
Medical Social Worker, Grant Queskekapow Assumes a New
Position with the Faculty of Nursing
On the 16th of July 1990 in Norway House, Queskekapow began his
association with the NMU which would last for over 10 years.
2003, 1 April
Historic Contractual Relationship Changes from Health Canada to
Public Works and Government Services Canada
It is anticipated this shift in the contractual relationship will support multiyear agreements to facilitate longer term planning with and for communities
in the Program areas. Future contractual relationships will also
accommodate expressed desires for increased community involvement by
creating a committee structure to oversee program activity of the NMU.
2003, 1 April
Transition of U of M Clinic Support Staff and Medical Social Workers
to the Norway House Cree Nation Health Authority
2003, June
Renie Paupanekis Celebrates 25 years with the NMU
Norway House Clerk, Renie celebrated 25 years of employment with the
NMU.
time_line/renie_szathmary.gif
2003, 21 Nov
NMU Responds to Flu Outbreak in Sanikiluaq
A team from the NMU arrived in Sanikiluaq (pop 700) with testing materials
to see what illness the Island was facing after 70 people visited the nursing
station with flu like symptoms an infant came down with whooping cough.
2004, June
NMU Responds to Trichinellosis in Rankin
In early June extended family members were affected by trichinella found in
walrus meat. Some of the family members affected were medivaced. The
greatest numbers of cases of trichinellosis in Canada were from NWT,
Nunavut, and northern Quebec.
2004, 14 June
Ribbon Cutting Ceremony at Regional Renal Health Unit in Garden
Hill, Island Lake
Ribbon cutting ceremony of the 1st non-hospital based Dialysis Unit in
Canada. With the institution of a local dialysis unit patients who spent
years in Winnipeg were repatriated home to receive treatment. Patients
arrived in January of 2005 to begin treatment. Presently (2010) a couple of
patients are now on home haemodialysis with the support of the Unit.
time_line/ribbon_cutting.jpg
2004, Nov
Diabetic Foot Nurse Clinician Outreach Program Renewed
The Foot Care Program was on hold for a year after the departure of its’
first clinician. In the winter of 2004 the Diabetic Foot Program was renewed
Page 19 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
with Ian Chambers as our Nurse. Ian left the following fall and Stephanie
Piper took the lead in this program. Stephanie was with us until 2009 when
she was accepted into the U of M's Physician's Assistant Program. Photo:
Stephanie Piper
time_line/piper_stephanie.gif
2005, 9 Jan
Dialysis Unit in Garden Hill Opens
Located in Garden Hill and servicing the 4 communities of Island Lake,
Garden Hill, Red Sucker Lake, St. Theresa Point, and Wasagamack this
Program began bringing people home starting with 5 patients. These
patients and others soon to return, spent many years in Winnipeg. Years
away from the familiarity of their community and family and friends. The
Program allows patients to return to their home communities, where once
their over all health was in decline, they began to thrive.
In the photo are the ILRRHP's original staff: Mary Joseph, Wendy Whally,
Mirasol Salacup, Delia Salcedo, Reena Matthew, and Annabelle Cabural.
All are Renal Health Nurses except for Wendy Whalley who was the Unit's
first Program Director. Missing are Gladys Wood, Housekeeper and
Richard Birch, Maintenance.
time_line/all_nurses.gif
2005, 21 Feb
Remembering Dr. Christine Egan
Friends and colleagues gathered at the University to commemorate Dr.
Egan with a plaque unveiling and reception in her honour.
time_line/egan_plaque.gif
2005, May
Diabetic Retinal Screening Program Begins
Initially trialed in 1997, the NMU introduced the Diabetic Retinal Screening
Program as a permanent program. With nurses visiting the communities
once a month travel by patients to Winnipeg is avoided and more patients
are able to be screened.
time_line/linda_exam.gif
2005, 5 Oct
Churchill Midwifery Program Begins
The Midwife Program will provide clinical care, education, and collegial
support within Churchill and the eight Inuit communities of Kivalliq.
In mid-September Martha Aitkin, Midwife arrived in Churchill to begin the
Midwife Program initiated by the NMU and the Churchill Regional Health
Authority. Martha's presence as a midwife is to complement existing,
longstanding midwife and nurse-based programs in the Arctic — not
supplant, replace, or alter the existing patterns of care within the Kivalliq
region.
2006, Feb
Dr. John Speakman Retires
Page 20 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Friend and colleague of Dr. Hildes, Dr. Speakman retired after 45 years
with the NMU. Dr. Speakman and his wife, Betty flew into Winnipeg to
attend our annual Consultant’s Reception as Guests of Honour
time_line/linda_exam.gif
2006, 20-22 Apr
NMU Co-hosts Conference of Society of Rural Physicians of Canada
The SRPC event was organised in co-operation with the provincial Office of
Rural and Northern Health (ORNH) and the Faculty of Medicine’s J.A.
Hildes Northern Medical Unit (NMU). Associate Director of the NMU, Dr.
Nichole Riese and ORNH Medical Director Don Klassen were co-chairs.
2006, Nov
Island Lake Child and Adolescent Screening Initiative
Under the supervision of Wendy Whalley, Manager of the Island Lake
Regional Renal Health Unit, 515 children and adolescents age six to
seventeen were screened from November 2006 to February 2007. The
findings generated substantial concerns regarding the prevailing level of
health and anticipated health outcomes specific to the Oji-Cree population.
2007, May
Endoscopy Program in Rankin Inlet Begins
Dr. George Assuras along with surgery and endoscopy Nurses, Margret
Percival and Brenda Thomas completed the first procedures with the
support from the Health Centre staff and DHSS.
2007, 30 June
Dr. Grewar Retires
At the age of 85, fifty-two years after his first visit north to Rankin Inlet Dr.
David Grewar retired. Not surprisingly, up until now he was still putting in
full days at his clinic at St. Boniface hospital as well as making two flights a
month to northern Manitoba.
2007, 27 Sept
Churchill Dedicates Plaque to Dr. J.A. Hildes
Churchill Health Centre unveiled a plaque in honour of Dr. Hildes.
2008,
Dr. Duerksen Retires
There is not enough room to note all of Dr. Duerksen’s (Orthopedist)
accomplishments, awards, and honours in this space. All reflect his
humanitarian nature, including his work in northern Manitoba over the last 4
decades. Dr. Duerksen spent his time between Paraguay, where he was
dedicated to improving the health and quality of life of leprosy patients and
Winnipeg, where in addition to his northern work he was appointed to many
positions at the U of M and at HSC; and is recognised as an outstanding
physician, humanitarian, teacher, author, researcher.
2008, Spring
Diabetic Retinal Screening Program Expands
The Diabetic Retinal Screening Program expands to 2 nurse clinicians.
With this addition the Program is able do more screenings in more
Page 21 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
communities. Pictured in the photograph are Retinal Screening Nurse
Clinicians, Eileen Bouw and Ava Halpin.
time_line/ava_eileen.gif
2008, Summer
Dr. Nichole Riese, Associate Director Resigns
For two decades Dr. Riese has been committed to the health care and
health status of Canada’s Indigenious people. She joined the NMU in 1993
while at the same time completing her Masters in Community Health
Sciences. She always jumped in at a moment’s notice in times of need
when others chose not to come forward. To de-stress Nichole would go on
missions with MSF. She will continue to provide locum for us.
2008, Autumn
Dr. Alex McAulay Resigns from the Inuit Health Program
After 10 years as Associate Director, Dr. Alec McAulay is stepping down.
Both Alec and wife, Dr. Anne Durcan have been sharing the roles of
Associate Directors since they returned from a year in Rankin Inlet. In
addition to their work with the Inuit Health Program both Alec and Anne
have been working at Mount Carmel Clinic for a number of years. Alec is
stepping down to commit more time to the Clinic.
2009, 14 May
H1N1 Virus Hits St. Theresa Point
Influenza hit Canada the deepest in St. Theresa Point. Fifty of the 2,000
residents of STP required evacuation to Winnipeg hospitals over the
summer for H1N1; over the course of the Manitoba-wide outbreak, seven
died. Staff & physicians adjusted schedules and put forth a maximum effort
in responding to the needs of STP and all our northern communities. Nellie
Erickson, RN, who has been associated with the NMU for almost 30 years.
She emerged as a leader making a difference in the care of the STP
community.
2009, 15 May
Dr. John Speakman Invested as a Member of the Order of Canada
A caring and dedicated professional, John Speakman (retired) has been at
the forefront of providing eye care services in remote northern
communities. For more than four decades, he served as an
ophthalmologist travelling to such areas as Sanikiluag, Rankin Inlet, and
Arviat. As ophthalmologist-in-chief at Sunnybrook Hospital for many years,
he was instrumental in making the Eye Department one of the major
teaching units at the University of Toronto, where he is professor emeritus.
Throughout his career, he has been a source of inspiration to generations
of ophthalmologists.
time_line/speakman_john.gif
2009, 20 August Michelle Vandenbroeck Retires
During her 25 years with the NMU Michelle wore many hats and pretty
much knew everyone that had ever had anything to do with the NMU since
its’ inception. A come and go reception was held in honour of Michelle at
Page 22 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
the J.A. Hildes Courtyard. Over 100 people attended from all manner of
health care professions, support staff, and University staff; current and
past.
2010, 9/10 Mar
NMU Hosts: Retinal Screening Program Workshop
Welcoming Retinal Screeners from across Canada, the Program hosted a
retinal screening workshop at the University of Manitoba. Educational
sessions provided participants with the opportunity to learn more about
topics such as clinical treatments for eye conditions, CNIB resources and
low vision assessments, retinal diseases and prognosis, as well as diabetic
education integrated with retinal screening.
2010
A Quick View of the 2009-2010 Stats
For the fiscal year 2009-2010 48 family physicians (full time and locum,
excluding Churchill), 34 specialists from 19 specialities, and 9 specialised
care program providers saw a total of 61,564 patients.
2010, 25 May
Dr. David Grewar Named to the Order of Manitoba
His passion for northern health care began with his first trip to Rankin Inlet
in 1956 as a medical consultant. He continued to fly bi-monthly to northern
communities until he retired in 2007 at the age of 85. A tenacious advocate
for the needs of his northern patients, he has also promoted an interest in
practicing in the north among countless medical students and new
physicians.”
timeline/grewar_david_lg.jpg
2009, 16 July
Dr. Bruce Martin Awarded the John Arthur Hildes Medal
At the 14th International Congress on Circumpolar Health Dr. Martin was
awarded the medal by colleague, former NMU physician, and President
(2009) of the International Union for Circumpolar Health, Dr. Pam Orr.
2010, June
Section of First Nations, Metis, and Inuit Health
This Section brings together the Centre for Aboriginal Health Education
(CAHE), The Manitoba First Nations Centre for Aboriginal Health Research
(MFN CAHR), and the NMU under one umbrella; although each will be
operating their respective units without changes.
timeline/section_blessing.gif
2010, 2 July
Grace Spence Retires
2010, 9 Sept
Percy E. Moore to Have a Dialysis Unit
Grace’s first day as a “temp” was the 3rd of November 1992 when she
started as a temporary office assistant. Over the last 18 years she wore a
many hats, mainly with the Inuit Health Program. Grace was one to always
see the humour in everything and somehow always managed to be
graceful, soft spoke, and thoughtful in every circumstance.
Page 23 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Construction of a new six station renal health dialysis unit kicked off on the
9th of September with a sod turning ceremony. The unit will be attached to
the Hospital and will be operated by the Interlake Regional Health
Authority. A dialysis unit is also planned for Berens River.
time_line/pem.jpg
2010, 5 Oct
Dr. Anne Durcan named one of the top 10 family physicians of the
year
It was with great pleasure the NMU learned of Dr. Durcan's award by the
College of Family Physicians of Canada. Since 1999 Anne has been
instrumental in coordinating the Inuit Health Program of the J.A. Hildes
Northern Medical Unit. She has also collaborated with Manitoba’s Office of
Rural and Northern Health in developing ‘Rural Week’, a learning
experience for first year medical students at the U of M to get first-hand
exposure to rural and northern medicine. A member of the Alan Klass
Health Equity Committee, Anne mentors students at the WISH Clinic – an
inner city student-run clinic.
time_line/anne_durcan.jpg
2010, 4 Dec
NMU Celebrates 40 Years with a CME and Gala Dinner
Celebrating 40 years of the NMU were over 180 registrants from NMU
pioneers to current med students and residents. Four decades of the NMU
were well represented by physicians, nurses, allied health professionals,
and support staff.
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2011, 18 Jan
Inuit Leader, Jose Kusugak Passes
The NMU mourns the loss of Jose Kusugak friend and colleague of Dr.
Hildes and the NMU since 1975.
time_line/kusugak.gif
2011, Feb
Government of Nunavut Takes over Physician Recruitment
2011, Feb
Northern Connection Medical Centre (NCMC) Opens
The Centre is a joint project between the WRHA, Health Sciences Centre,
and the University of Manitoba. This innovative program provides primary
care and other medical services for northern and remote people who are
temporarily in Winnipeg. Some NMU physicians who fly into northern
communities will also be working out of the Centre, allowing for continuity of
care.
2011, June
Dr. Bruce Martin Resigns
Dr. Martin first worked with the NMU in 1991 and was later appointed
Director in 1999. Dr. Martin embraced and was committed to Dr. Hildes’
original vision of clinical care, education, and research. His leadership was
Page 24 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
much admired for his dedication, progressiveness, sense of social justice,
promotion and commitment to collaborate practice; as well as his humility
and patience.
2011, June
Retinal Screening Nurses Train Local Technicians in Island Lake
This initiative allows the Retinal Screening Nurses to increase their visits to
other communities as well as expanding the knowledge base of local
community members.
2011, Summer
Long-Term Employees Retire
Percy E. Moore Hospital’s Carol Hartog retires after 35 years of
employment and Churchill Health Centre’s, Lenore Johnson retires after 19
years.
2011, 1 Sept
1st Graduates from the Northern Stream Program now Serving as
Doctors
Having completed their residency, the 1st Doctors to graduate from the
Family Medicine Northern Remote Residency Program are now serving
their 2 year return of service in various communities in the north.
2011, 1 Sept
Long Time Support Staff, Jenni Morris Passes
Jenni had various positions with the NMU during her 26 years, ending with
being the Financial Administrator. Like many long-term NMU employees,
she took great pride in her work, and - although not a front-line health care
worker - she always kept in mind the bottom line: the patients getting the
best care we could provide.
2011, 5 Sept
New Leadership
The Section of First Nations, Metis, & Inuit Health welcomed three new
administrators: Dr. Marcia Anderson-Decouteau, Section Head: Melanie
MacKinnon, Director of Programs & Administration, and Dr. Yvette
Emerson (former resident) as Associate Medical Director (NMU)
2011, 13 Dec
Possible Endoscopy Program in Churchill
Margaret Percival, along with Brenda Thomas, Endoscopy Consultant
Nurse, and Tony Buschell, Olympus Rep visited to assess and assist
progress of start up Endoscopy Program. January 2016 – Program is still
pending.
2012, 2 Jan
Dr. Ian Whetter Appointed Chief of Staff of Norway House Hospital
In 20015, Ian was awarded the Jack Hildes Award, presented to a member
of the University of Manitoba, Medicine graduating class who most
exemplifies qualities of humanity, personal discipline, social responsibility,
and good citizenship. Ian did his residency at Newfoundland’s Memorial
Page 25 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
University in their Northern Family Medicine Residency Program. After
residency he returned to Manitoba and as a fly-in physician with the NMU.
2012, 30 Jan
Norway House Hospital Re-opens
In 2006 the hospital officially stopped taking in-patients because of the
challenges in keeping a full complement of physicians. Thanks to having a
stable complement of physicians and the graduation of those in the
Northern Stream Program the hospital re-opened the six inpatient beds. A
ceremony was held to not only re-open the hospital but also to celebrate
the completion of the extensive renovations of the clinic and expanded
services which will provide an on-site pharmacist, midwifery role, telehealth,
and minor treatments originally done at the hospital.
2012, 12 Apr
Hodgson Area Renal Health Centre Opens
The 6 bed Dialysis Unit, located on the west side of Percy E. Moore
Hospital will serve Peguis, Fisher River, Kinonjeoshtegon, and the RM of
Fisher. The Unit will be run by the Interlake Regional Health Authority.
2012, 17 Apr
Berens River Renal Health Unit Opens
A 4 bed Dialysis Unit attached to the Chief Jacob Berens Mino-Ayaawin
Health Centre opens to a welcoming community.
2012, 12 July
Dr. Brian Postl Inducted into The Order of Manitoba
The former student, physician, and Director of the NMU is inducted into the
Order of Manitoba. Dr. Postl went on to be the founding President and
CEO of the Winnipeg Regional Health Authority and later the Dean, Faculty
of Medicine, and Dean, Faculty of Health Sciences.
2012, 3 Oct
Dr. Cyril Woolf Passes
2012,
Dr. Frank Duerksen Receives Doctors Manitoba, Dr. Jack Armstrong
Humanitarian Award
Dr. Cyril Wolf (Otolaryngology) was in the 1st group of specialists who went
to Churchill in 1970. He continued to work with the Unit until 1985. On his
trips north he focused on reconstructive ear surgery. And, as folklore has it,
he operated on the wounds of an imperfectly tranquillized polar bear.
It was not with surprise we learned of Dr. Duerksen’s receiving this award,
but more surprise it took so long. The award recognised his contribution to
advancing the treatment of leprosy in the impoverished areas of the world.
2013, 9 Jan
Dr. David McCullough
Dr. McCullough was among the pioneers of the NMU – with us from the mid
1970's to 2010. He is one of only a handful of specialists who had been
with the NMU through its four decades of existence.
Page 26 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
2013, 7 Feb
Betty Hughson Passes
Betty was an integral part of the NMU in its’ early years and a valued
member of the NMU team. She was amongst one of the first Inuit
Interpreters.
2013, Spring
Long Time Nurses Retire
Margaret Warriner, sonographer who travelled with Dr. McCarthy since the
1980’s retired. As well, Margaret Percival who traveled for many years to
Rankin Inlet with Dr. Assuras also retired.
2013, 3 May
Sharon Hunting Retires
Sharon first began working in arctic communities in 1972. In 1992 she
became the Nurse Co-ordinator for the NMU liaising on behalf of our
patients in Nunavut with medical facilities in Winnipeg.
2013, May
Proud Moms
Four NMU moms attended the Faculty of Medicine’s Convocation to watch
their respective daughters graduate. Graduating were: Drs. Samantha
Carey, Anne Sutherland, Jordan Langrell, and Kristina Swain; daughters of
Mary Carey (Inuit Health Office), Dr. Linday DuVal (Otolaryngolosits), Joy
Langrell (Medical Transcriptionists), and Dr. Joan Swain (Family
Physician).
2013, 23 Aug
Dr. HIldes Plaque Dedication
2013, Autumn
Dr. Mike Moffatt Expands his Role
At the 45th reunion of the U of M’s Medicine Class of 1961 a class
Campaign was established creating a legacy endowment fund meant to
benefit medical students for years to come. Through their support a new
space for the Youth Sciences Program on the 3rd floor of the Med Rehab
Building and a Boardroom, named for Dr. Hildes was created. A plaque
dedication was held on the 23rd of August attended by members of the
Class of 1961, some of Dr. Hildes’ contemporaries, and members of his
family.
Dr. Moffatt is now in a supportive role overviewing policy, research, trouble
shooting, and advocating for our Specialists as our Senior Medical
Consultant.
2013, Autumn
Berens River Renal Health Unit Opens
A 4 bed Dialysis Unit attached to the Chief Jacob Berens Mino-Ayaawin
Health Centre opens to a welcoming community.
2014, 4 Jan
Dr. Marco Terwiel Passes
Page 27 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Although only with us a short while, relatively speaking, the north had a
huge impact on Dr. Terwiel late in his career. Recently retired he stopped
by the NMU’s booth at a convention in 2002 and didn’t look back. In the
following 8 years he faced some of the biggest clinical challenges of his
career. “By the end of his time attending to the medical needs of the
people in Nunavut, Dr Terwiel was left feeling simultaneously exhausted
and with a sense of what it truly means to care for others. (BCMJ, Vol 56,
No 1)”. When not in Rankin he would be on-call at his home in Maple
Ridge BC. He was involved with many community and professional
organisations throughout his career. In 2006 he was knighted by
appointment of The Queen, by the Governor General of Canada, in Ottawa
for his life long service to St. John Ambulance.
2014, Spring
Lori Thiesen’s Role Expands
The Northern Medical Unit Specialist Program is expanding into other
communities and regions in the province. In response to these changes,
Lori Thiessen's role will slowly transition to support ongoing program
development and supervision of the day to day co-ordination of the
Specialist Program.
2014, Aug
Dr. Keith Hildahl, Psychiatrist Retires
Child and adolescent psychiatrist, Dr. Hildahl began with the NMU in 1985
travelling to the then Keewatin District of the NWT (now Nunavut). In
addition to his work in the north he was a forensic psychiatrist, also held the
position of CEO of the Manitoba Adolescent Treatment Centre among
being active on many Boards at the local, provincial, and federal level. He
was truly enamored and held in high regard the culture, values, and the
language of the Inuit.
2014,19 Aug
Dr. Charlie Ferguson Passes
Charlie, known as the Gentle Giant, was a pioneer of the NMU. One of our
1st paediatricians. He first travelled north in 1960 as a physician on the
DEWLine (Distant Early Warning Line – a series of radar stations in the
Arctic set up during the cold war to detect incoming Soviet bombers and
submarines; operated 1957-1985) providing medical care to the workers
and area residents. Those years ignited his passion for the caring of and
protection of children. After he stopped travelling with the NMU he
remained an advocate, mentor, consultant, and friend of the Unit.
2014, Sept
Peds/Cardiology Program Launched in Rankin Inlet
Dr. Daryl Schantz, Paediatric Cardiologist and Sam Aminian, Cardiology
Tech will be travelling to Rankin twice a year. Similar to other programs
launched by the NMU, this program was launched to lessen the burden on
families having to travel great distances and to reduce expenses on the
health care system. The new program has been very well received. Drs.
Page 28 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Anne Durcan and Mike Moffatt will be evaluating the program as to its’
benefits.
2014, 17 Sept
Island Lake Regional Renal Health Program Marks 10 Years in
Garden Hill
In the past 10 years the program has had its’ challenges from recruiting
dialysis nurses, power outages, water supply issues, infrastructure
breakdowns, sewage back up, and fire evacuations to different
communities. But it is worth it to have patients home; not separated from
their families and communities as they were before the Unit’s existence. It
also enables transient patients to come home for weddings, to say farewell
to loved ones passing on, to celebrate holidays and other family gatherings,
and community events. To mark the occasion a come and go barbeque
was held outside the Unit with over 1,500 communities members attending
over the course of the day.
2014, 4 Nov
Dr. Thomas (Ted) Edward Cuddy Passes
2014, Nov
Dr. Jeff Ivey Retires
The NMU’s 1st Cardiologist, Dr. Cuddy and Dr. Hildes became colleagues
and friends when they both belonged to the Dept. of Physiology at the U of
M. Dr. Cuddy travelled with the NMU from 1970 until the late 1980. Like
many who travelled with the NMU in the early days and continued to do so
for many years, the ties with the north and colleagues never fade. He kept
in touch with colleagues and friends, attended our annual Specialist’s
Reception, 30th and 40th Anniversary Events, and was always available for
a consult.
In June 1972 Dr. Ivey boarded the legendary DC3 to Churchill for his six
week elective as a clinical clerk with the NMU. Seven years later in 1979
he graduated with an FRCP in psychiatry and having “caught the northern
bug” he became and remained one of the NMU’s psychiatric consultants to
Churchill until his last trip in November 2014. Dr. Ivey, along with all the
early NMU trailblazers, found in Dr. Hildes a favoured and inspiring mentor
and his work in Churchill a treasured part of this life.
2014
Dr. Bruce Martin Receives Award of Excellence
Dr. Martin was recognised with an Award of Excellence by The Manitoba
College of Family Physicians for his many contributions to the health of
people living in Northern Manitoba.
2015, 29 Jan
Dr. Ethan Rubenstein Passes
When Dr. Rubinstein came to Winnipeg in 2004 to head the Section of
Infectious Disease Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Bruce Martin
enthusiastically recruited him as a consultant. It was a relationship that
lasted 10 years. As well as seeing patients in the north Dr. Rubenstein’s on
Indigenous research included: evaluation of H1N1 immunization of
Page 29 J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
Historic Timeline Faculty of Health Sciences
Department of Community Health Sciences
Section of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Health
J.A. Hildes Northern Medical Unit
aboriginal populations, MRSA in northern communities, etiology of diarrheal
disease in the north in remote aboriginal communities.
2015, Feb
Dorothy Parker Retires
For 25 years Dorothy worked for the NMU as our medical transcriptionist
until she permanently retired in 2015. She retired from full time in 2007 but
continued to work for us casually over the next 7 years. Although she
worked often enough, casually, it seemed she had never left.
2015, 18 Mar
Dr. Roos Retires
Dr. Roos and his wife, Maria arrived in Norway House in late September
2005. At the time Norway House had been having difficulty in long-term
retention of physicians. When the community learned he and Maria would
be staying long-term a big community celebration was held to honour and
welcome them. For 11 years Dr. Roos had the heart of all his patients,
staff, and community.
2015, 30 Apr
Dr. David Grewar Passes
2016, Jan
Dr. Brian Postl Resumes Trips
The other 1st NMU paediatrician and pioneer, Dr. Grewar died at the age of
94. Over half his life was caring for the health of children in northern
Manitoba and Nunavut. He, like many other NMU physicans, “caught the
bug” on his first trip to Rankin Inlet in 1956. He remarked in an interview in
2001 that being remembered by the children he treated was the most
gratifying part of his job. He in turn had remembered all the children, and
their children’s children, and even their children’s children’s children. He
was an advocate for aboriginal health and encouraged many medical
students to work in First Nations, Metis, and Inuit Health.
After a 2 ½ year hiatus from the north Dr. Postl returns to seeing patients.
Dr. Postl remarked about his 1st visit north as a medical student in the
1970’s “….. immediately I was hooked. It was a lot of things: the people,
the beauty of the land, the desperate need for health care in northern and
remote communities…and knowing that while I couldn’t fix it all, I could do
my small part.” (Postl Notes, 17 Nov 2010, University of Manitoba
website). Once hooked, always hooked.
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