Project Proposal for Water Resources Research Institute Program under

Project Proposal
for
Water Resources Research Institute Program
under
Section 104, Water Resources Act of 1984
to the
Alabama Water Resources Research Institute
In support of the
Research Proposal
Examination of bacterial levels in water and sediment for the development of
refined monitoring protocols for inland recreational waters
by
Luxin Wang
Principal Investigator
Ph.D.
Department of Animal Sciences
Auburn University, Alabama
Telephone (334) 844-8146
Eric Reutebuch
Co-Principal Investigator
Associate Director, Alabama Water Watch
Auburn University, Alabama
Telephone (334) 844-4785
January, 2014
1
Project Number
Title
Examination of bacterial levels in water and sediment for the development of refined monitoring
protocols for inland recreational waters
Focus Category
REC; MET; WQL; NPP
Keywords
Public Swimming Waters; Water Quality Monitoring; Bacteria; E. coli; Salmonella, Pathogens
Duration
March 1, 2014- March 1, 2015
Fiscal Year Federal Funds
Total $41,382
Direct
$41,382
Indirect $0
Non-Federal Funds Allocated
Total $83,344
Direct
$42,892
Indirect
$40,452
Name, University, and City of Principal Investigator
Luxin Wang, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
Congressional District of University Performing the Research
Congressional District 3
Identification and Statement of the Major Regional Water Problem
The health and well-being of Alabama’s citizens relative to recreational water usage depends on
credible and timely monitoring of public swimming areas and other recreational waters to assess
these areas for contamination with pathogens and other pollutants. Escherichia coli bacteria are
commonly used as indicator organisms for the presence of fecal contamination and its associated
pathogens in inland waters, while Enterococci are used in marine waters (USEPA, 2012). The
State (Alabama Department of Environmental Management) routinely monitors swim areas
along Alabama’s coast (the Coastal Alabama Beach Monitoring Program involves the routine
collection of water samples from 25 high use and/or potentially high risk public recreational sites
from Perdido Bay to Dauphin Island, for details see http://adem.alabama.gov/programs/coastal).
Inland swimming and recreational-use areas are not routinely monitored by the State. With
increasing pressures on these inland waters from urban development, industrial needs,
agricultural needs and others, there is increasing risk to the public health from contaminated
waters (Natural Resources Defense Council, 2013).
The Alabama Water Watch Program (AWW), based at Auburn University, has been training and
certifying volunteer citizen monitors in Bacteriological Monitoring since 1996, and attained EPA
approval on its bacteriological monitoring protocols in 1999. AWW monitors have been
monitoring waters for E. coli contamination using AWW’s Coliscan Easygel method, and have
compiled over 14,300 data records from over 2,000 sample sites throughout the state. Recent
2
citizen monitoring efforts at public swimming areas have suggested significant differences in E.
coli concentrations measured at the same site at different times of the day. Side-by-side
monitoring by citizen monitors, agency personnel and private laboratory personnel have also
yielded difference results. Recent research supports these citizen monitoring results. Research
results and citizen data throw into question the adequacy of monitoring public swim areas only
once a day. And if sampled once a day, what time of day would be most protective of public
health. They also throw into question the source or sources of E. coli – emanating from the gut of
warm-blooded animals, or also emanating from sources living out in the environment, such as in
beach/lake/stream sediments.
Statement of the Results, Benefits, and Information
Expected project results include the following:
• Evaluation and quantitative estimates of bacterial contamination (E. coli, Salmonella) at
swimming/public use areas at various times of the day throughout the recreational season
(April-September) at two major reservoirs in Alabama, lakes Martin and Logan Martin.
•
Evaluation and quantitative estimates of bacterial contamination (E. coli, Salmonella) in
the sediment of these swimming/public use areas at various times of the day throughout
the recreational season.
•
Evaluation of coincident water column sampling by AWW volunteer monitors and state
agency personnel.
•
Examination of relationships among project parameters including water column bacterial
concentrations, sediment bacterial concentrations, time of day and human activity levels.
Expected project benefits and information include the following:
• Development of recommendations for swim beach/recreation area monitoring protocols
that are most protective of human health will be developed.
•
Dissemination of project results, conclusions and recommendations to AWW volunteer
monitors throughout the state and to state agencies involved in monitoring public waters.
•
Improved monitoring of public swimming and recreational-use areas in inland waters
based on the results and recommendations of this project.
3
Nature, Scope, and Objectives of the Research
AWW bacteriological monitoring data have been used by municipalities, county agencies,
universities, private companies and state agencies for detecting, sourcing and solving bacterial
contamination in inland surface waters. Recent citizen monitoring efforts at public swimming
areas have suggested significant differences in E. coli concentrations measured at the same site at
different times of the day. Side-by-side monitoring by citizen monitors, agency personnel and
private laboratory personnel have also yielded difference results. Recent research supports these
citizen monitoring results (see Related Research).
The research proposed in this project is aimed at determining the temporal and spatial
distribution of bacterial contamination at public swimming areas in three recreational-use areas
at lakes Logan Martin and Martin, as well as developing recommendations that best protect the
public health for swim-area monitoring protocols for inland waters.
The objectives of this project are to:
1. sample multiple public swimming/recreational-use areas for bacterial contamination
on two major reservoirs, one in the Tallapoosa Basin (Lake Martin) and one in the Coosa
Basin (Lake Logan Martin) throughout the outdoor recreational season;
2. sample these same sites multiple times during the same day (early, midday-afternoon)
to evaluate temporal differences within the same day to examine the relationship between
sediment E. coli counts and the surface water E. coli counts;
3. sample swim beach sediments to test for the presence of E. coli, and to test for other
fecal bacteria (Salmonella);
4. conduct additional side-by-side AWW volunteer monitor bacteriological testing and
agency testing, and;
5. test for sourcing of E. coli using selective antibiotic disks on bacterial media cultures.
Methods, Procedures, and Facilities
1. Conducting Bacteriological Sampling at Public Swimming Areas
A. AU Coliscan Easygel Sampling
The Coliscan Easygel method employed by the AWW Program will be used for water and
sediment monitoring of E. coli, with slight variations to the AWW protocol for sediment
sampling (Alabama Water Watch, 2012). Sampling sites will be public swimming/recreation
areas on lakes Martin and Logan Martin that have a history of AWW citizen/state agency
monitoring (Table 1; Figure 1).
Table 1. Sample sites at public swimming areas at Lake Logan Martin (Site 1 at Lakeside Park at
Cropwell and Site 2 at Camp Cosby near St Ives, AL) and at Lake Martin (Site 3 at Wind Creek State
Park near Alexander City, AL).
4
Water samples will be collected using
a sterile pipette to collect one ml of
water that will be discharged into a
Coliscan Easygel media bottle.
Sampling will be done in triplicate at
each site per the AWW EPA-approved
QA plan. Samples will be placed in a
cooler with ice to prevent bacterial
replication until samples can be plated.
Plating will be done after transport of
samples back to the AWW laboratory
if this can be accomplished within
three hours of sample collection.
Otherwise, samples will be plated in
the field and incubated in a portable
incubator so that they are plated within
a three-hour holding time. On a given
sample date, each site will be sampled
two times – early morning and
midday/afternoon.
Figure 1. Sample sites on lakes Logan Martin and Martin.
B. Enumeration of E. coli and Salmonella
To correlate the AWW Coliscan Easygel method with FDA microbial enumeration methods, 25
ml of water samples or 25 g of sediment samples will be collected using sterile disposable longhandled dippers from each sampling spot at each time (USFDA 2013). Those samples will be
kept on ice and delivered to Wang’s microbiology lab located on Auburn campus. Three
milliliters of each water sample will be plated on to one 3M™ Petrifilm™ E.coli/Coliform count
plate, one MacConkey agar and one XLT4 agar respectively (1ml for each plate). For sediment
samples, 100 ml of autoclaved MilliQ water will be added and the samples will be homogenized
before plating. The same plating procedure will be followed as described above for water
samples. Plates will be incubated at 37°C for 24 hours before enumeration. Once suspected
pathogenic E. coli and Salmonella isolates are found, they will be sent to Iowa State University
for serotyping.
C. Antibiotic Resistant Analyses
To understand the potential antibiotic resistant properties the isolates may have, one hundred
microliters of each confirmed E. coli or Salmonella isolate will be plated onto Mueller Hinton
plates. The plates will be divided into four quarters and appropriate antibiotic disks will be
placed on the surface of each quarter (Table 2). Plates will then be incubated at 37°C for 18
hours and the resistant zone will be measured.
5
Table 2. Antibiotic disks used in the antibiotic resistant tests.
Class
Penicillin
Penicillin
Cephalosporin
Cephalosporin
Phenicol
Quinolone & Fluoroquinolones
Cephalosporin
Cephalosporin
Aminoglycoside
Quinolone & Fluoroquinolones
Sulfonamide
Tetracycline
Antibiotics
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
Ampicillin
Ceftriaxone
Cephalothin
Chloramphenicol
Ciprofloxacin
Cefoxitin
Ceftiofur
Gentamicin
Naladixic acid
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim
Tetracyline
Disk concentration
20µg
10 µg
30µg
30 µg
30 µg
5 µg
30 µg
30 µg
10 µg
30 µg
23.75/1.25 µg
30 µg
D. AWW Citizen Monitoring
AWW-certified citizen monitors will conduct concurrent monitoring during the project. AWW
Program personnel will orient citizen monitors in the project goals, protocols and QA/QC plan
prior to field data collection. Lake Watch of Lake Martin and Logan Martin Lake Protection
Association volunteer monitors that have been trained and certified in AWW’s Bacteriological
Monitoring protocols will sample alongside AU researchers (see Appendix – Letters of Support).
When possible, AU researchers will coordinate with Alabama Department of Environmental
Management personnel to conduct coincident sampling at select sites on the same date at the
same time.
2. Analysis of Bacterial Sampling Results
Concentrations of E. coli measured in the water column will be interpreted relative to human
health by comparison with USEPA and Alabama Department of Environmental Management
water quality criteria (USEPA 2012; ADEM 2012). Water column and sediment bacteria (E. coli,
Salmonella) data will be compiled and analyzed for significant differences relative to time of
day, testing procedure, and level of human/animal activity using SAS/STAT Software
(Schlotzhauer and Little 1991). Bacteria data will also be analyzed to examine
relationships/correlations among water column bacterial concentrations, sediment bacterial
concentrations, time of day and human activity levels.
3. Facilities
Project bacteriological analyses will be conducted in the Alabama Water Watch Watershed
Stewardship Laboratory in the Center for Advanced Science, Innovation and Commerce located
in the AU Research Park. The building was completed in mid-2013, and the AWW laboratory is
a state-of-the-art facility which is ideal for bacteriological research.
Related Research
Recent research supports observed AWW citizen monitoring results indicating significant diurnal
differences in bacterial contamination at public swimming areas that appear to be emanating
from bacterial reservoirs harbored in sand/sediments underlying these areas.
6
Jamieson et al. (2005) found that the association of microorganisms with sediment particles is
one of the primary complicating factors in assessing microbial fate in aquatic systems. They
employed an experimental procedure, involving the use of a tracer-bacteria, to simulate the
transport and deposition of bacteria-laden bed sediments in a small alluvial stream during steady
flow conditions. The experimental data and a mathematical model were used to determine
dispersion coefficients, deposition rates, and partitioning coefficients for sediment-associated
bacteria in two natural streams.
Garzio-Hadzick, et al. (2010) found that in agricultural watersheds that were studied, substantial
numbers of E. coli may reach surface waters, and subsequently be deposited into sediments,
along with fecal material in runoff from land-applied manures, grazing lands, and/or wildlife
excreta; and E. coli survived in sediments much longer than in the overlaying water.
Piorkowski et al. (2013) found that E. coli concentrations in streambed sediments were
significantly different among monitoring sites during baseflow; significant interactive effects
occurred among monitoring sites and morphological features following stormflow; and E. coli
can persist in streambed sediments and influence water quality monitoring programs through
their resuspension into overlying waters.
Ikonen et al. (2013) found significant differences in E. coli concentrations measured at the same
site at different times of the day; and that E. coli levels in the water directly correlated with
activity in the water, UV absorbance and turbidity.
References
Alabama Department of Environmental Management. 2012. ADEM Admin. Code r. 335-6-10
(Water Quality Criteria), within ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT WATER DIVISION – WATER QUALITY PROGRAM, VOLUME I,
DIVISION 335-6. ADEM, 1400 Coliseum Boulevard, Montgomery, Alabama. 433 pp.
Alabama Water Watch. 2012. Bacteriological Monitoring, Third Edition. Printed by DavisDirect,
Montgomery, AL, 82 pp.
Garzio-Hadzick, A., D.R. Shelton, R.L. Hill, Y.A. Pachepsky, A.K. Guber , and R. Rowland.
2010. Survival of manure-borne E. coli in streambed sediment: effects of temperature and
sediment properties. Water Research, vol. 44, pp. 2753-2762.
Ikonen, J., T. Pitkänen and I.T. Miettinen. 2013. Suitability of Optical, Physical and Chemical
Measurements for Detection of Changes in Bacterial Drinking Water Quality. Int. J. Environ.
Res. Public Health 2013, vol. 10, pp 5349-5363.
Jamieson, R., D.M. Joy, H. Lee, R. Kostaschuk and R. Gordon. 2005. Transport and deposition
of sediment-associated Escherichia coli in natural streams. Water Research, vol. 39, pp 2665–
2675
Natural Resources Defense Council, 2013. Pollution from Giant Livestock Farms Threatens
Public Health. www.nrdc.org/water/pollution/nspills.asp
7
Piorkowski, G.S., R.C. Jamieson, L.T. Hansen, G.S. Bezanson, and C.K. Yost. 2014.
Characterizing spatial structure of sediment E. coli populations to inform sampling design.
Environ Monit Assess, vol. 186, pp 277–291.
Schl
otzhauer, S.D., and R.C. Little. 1991. SAS® System for Elementary Statistical Analysis. SAS
Institute, Cary, NC. 416 pp.
US Environmental Protection Administration. 2012. Recreational Water Quality Criteria.
Washington, D.C.: USEPA Office of Water Regulations and Standards, EPA 820-F-12-058, 69
pp.
US Food and Drug Administration. 2013. Bacteriological Analytical Manual.
www.fda.gov/Food/FoodScienceResearch/LaboratoryMethods/default.htm
Investigator’s Qualifications (pages 9-14)
8
LUXIN WANG,
Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Department of Animal Sciences
Auburn University
Auburn, AL 36849
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 334-844-8146 (office)
Fax: 334-844-1519
EDUCATION
Ph.D. Food Science (Food safety emphasis)
M.S. Biological Engineering
M.S. Food Science (Microbiology emphasis)
B.S. Microbiology
University of Missouri, USA
University of Missouri, USA
University of Missouri, USA
Shandong Agricultural University, China
EXPERIENCE
Assistant Professor 1/2012-present
Department of Animal Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
Postdoctoral Research Associate 8/2010-12/2011
Mentor: Dr. Linda J. Harris
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis,
California
FDA/CFSAN Fellow 9/2009-8/2010
Mentors: Dr. Samir Assar (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) and Dr. Linda J. Harris (UCDavis) Western Center for Food Safety, Davis, California
Graduate Research Assistant 8/2004-8/2009
Advisor: Dr. Azlin Mustapha
Division of Food Systems and Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
Graduate Research Assistant 8/2007-5/2009
Advisor: Dr. Sherman X. Fan
Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
AWARDED RESEARCH GRANTS
• Title: AAES Equipment grant (PI, 95% effort, with Bratcher, C. L., Price, S., and
Feng, Y.)
Budget: $14,408.00 (2013)
Grant agency: Alabama Agricultural Experimental Station, USA
• Title: Pathogenicity of Listeria monocytogenes biofilm on meat (co-PI, 45% effort,
with Schwartz, E.)
Budget: $7,500.00 (2013)
Grant agency: Office of the vice president for research, Auburn University, USA
9
2009
2009
2006
2004
•
•
•
•
Title: A systems approach to identifying and filling gaps in and between knowledge
and practice in production and distribution of local and regional foods for a more
secure food supply chain (co-PI, 16% effort, Bratcher, C. L. (Leading PI), Deutsch,
W., Mulvaney, D., Singh, M., Weese, S. J., Worosz, M. R., Hanna, J., Tackie, N. O.,
Bartlett, J. R., and Halpin, R.)
Budget: $4,818,915.00 (2012-2017)
Grant agency: United State Department of Agriculture (USDA), USA
Title: Investigation of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistant profiles of O157 and
non-O157 shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli from young calves before and after
weaning stresses (PI, 90% effort, with Bratcher, C. L., and Rankins, D.)
Budget: $49,970.00 (2012-2014)
Grant agency: Alabama Agricultural Experimental Station, USA
Title: Animal management as a strategy to limit carriage of E. coli O157:H7 and
Salmonella in beef cattle (PI, 80% effort, with McCaskey, T.)
Budget: $21,000.00 (2012)
Grant agency: Alabama Beef Forage Initiative, USA
Title: Influence of the pre-harvest environment on the physiological state of
Salmonella and its impact on increased survival capability (co-PI, 45% effort, with
Harris, L. J.)
Budget: $97,078.00 (2010-2012)
Grant agency: The Center for Produce Safety, USA
PUBLICATIONS
1. Guo, M., Jin, T. Z., Wang, Luxin, Scullen, C. J., and Sommers, C. H. Antimicrobial
films and coatings for inactivation of Listeria innocua and Salmonella Typhimurium on
Ready-to-eat meat. Accepted by Food Control in November 2013.
2. Guo, M., Jin, T. Z., Geveke, D., Fan, X., Site, J., and Wang, Luxin. 2013. Evaluation of
microbial stability, bioactive compounds, physicochemical properties, and consumer
acceptance of pomegranate juice processed in a commercial scale pulse electric field
system. Food and Bioprocess Technologies. Published online Oct. 1st.
3. Zhao, L., Tyler, P. J., Starnes, J., Rankins, D., McCaskey, T. A., and Wang, Luxin.
2013. Evaluation of weaning stress on Escherichia coli O157 shedding, body weight and
fecal bacterial communities in beef calves. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease. Epub
ahead of print, Oct. 18th.
4. Zhao, L., Tyler, P. J., Starnes, J., Bratcher, C. L., Rankins, D., McCaskey, T. A., and
Wang, Luxin. 2013. Correlation analysis of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli
shedding and fecal bacterial composition in beef cattle. Journal of Applied Microbiology.
115(2): 591-603.
5. Harris, L. J., Berry, E. D., Blessington, T., Erickson, M., Jay-Russell, M., Jiang, X.,
Killinger, K., Michel, F.C., Millner, P., Schneider, K., Sharma, M., Suslow, T.V.,
WANG, Luxin, and Worobo, R. W. 2013. A framework for developing research
protocols for evaluation of microbial hazards and controls during production that pertain
to the application of untreated soil amendments of animal origin on land used to grow
produce that may be consumed raw. Journal of Food Protection. 76(6): 1062-1084.
10
6.
7. Kimber, M. A., Kaur, H., WANG, Luxin, Danyluk, M. D., and Harris, L. J. 2012.
Survival of Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes on
inoculated almonds and pistachios stored at -19, 4, and 24 °C. Journal of Food
Protection. 75(8): 1394-1403.
8. WANG, Luxin, Wu, C., Fan, X., and Mustapha, A. 2012. Detection of Escherichia coli
O157:H7 and Salmonella in ground beef by a bead-free quantum dot-facilitated method.
International Journal of Food Microbiology. 156: 83-87.
9. WANG, Luxin, and Mustapha, A. 2010. EMA real-time PCR as a reliable method for
detection of viable Salmonella in chicken and eggs. Journal of Food Science. 75(3):
134 - 139.
10. WANG, Luxin, Li, Y., and Mustapha, A. 2009. Detection of viable Escherichia coli
O157:H7 by ethidium monoazide real-time PCR. Journal of Applied Microbiology.
107(5): 1719 - 1728.
11. WANG, Luxin, Li, Y., and Mustapha, A. 2007. Rapid and simultaneous quantitation of
Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella and Shigella in ground beef by multiplex real-time
PCR and immunomagnetic separation. Journal of Food Protection. 70(6): 1366 - 1372.
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
Reviewer, the “Food Control”
9/2013-present
Reviewer, the “Journal of Food Measurement & Characterization”
2013-present
Reviewer, the “Journal of Animal Science”
3/2013-present
Reviewer, the “Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety”
1/2011-present
Reviewer, the “Journal of Food Science”
4/2011-present
Reviewer, the “International Journal of Food Microbiology”
8/2011-present
Reviewer, the “Journal of Food Processing and Preservation”
6/2011-present
PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS
Member, the American Meat Science Association
Member, the Alabama Cattlemen’s Association
Member, the International Association for Food Protection
Member, the Institute of Food Technologists
11
6/2012-present
12/2012-present
7/2010-present
12/2004-present
Eric Martin Reutebuch
Research Associate IV
Auburn University Water Resources Center
Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
E-mail: [email protected]; Phone: (334) 844-1163
Education:
B.S., 1981, Purdue University, Indiana (Biology)
M.S., 1988, Auburn University (Fisheries)
Professional Experience:
2013-present Associate Director, Alabama Water Watch Program
Responsibilities: Manage the AWW Program, a statewide volunteer water
monitoring program formed in 1992 (see www.alabamawaterwatch.org), including
coordinating AWW staff activities (volunteer monitor workshops, online water
quality database, data interpretation presentations, technical backstopping of citizen
water monitoring groups throughout AL), managing the AWW Water Resources
Watershed Stewardship Laboratory, managing the AWW website, and writing web
blog articles, technical reports, publications and proposals for grants.
1989-2013
Research Associate, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, AU, AL.
Responsibilities: Coordinated numerous watershed projects; organized an annual
State of Our Watershed Conference – The Tallapoosa River Basin for 5 years; coauthored two watershed management plans; managed water quality data from
streams, rivers and lakes in Alabama; co-managed a water quality laboratory;
organized and led data collection trips on streams, rivers and lakes; installed and
maintained stream gauges for measuring stream discharge; conducted statistical
data analysis, data interpretation, and presentations in graphic and tabular forms;
conducted data interpretation meetings with citizen water quality monitoring
groups throughout the state; conducted GIS/remote sensing analyses of
watersheds for delineation, mapping and land use determination; trained graduate
students in water quality analysis procedures, statistical analysis, graphing and
presentation of scientific data; presented at professional meetings; wrote technical
reports, publications and proposals for grants.
1988-1989
Aquaculture Specialist, U of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA.
1986-1987
Graduate Researcher in Fisheries, Auburn University, AL.
1982-1984
Fisheries Extensionist, U.S. Peace Corps/Nepal.
1980
Research Technician, Botany Department Purdue University, IN.
Significant Honors and Awards:
• President, Save Our Saugahatchee, Inc., 2014-present
• Board of Directors, Lake Watch of Lake Martin, Inc., 2010-present
• Woodfin Martin Lake Stewardship Award from Lake Watch of Lake Martin, 2009
12
•
•
•
•
•
Board of Directors, Save Our Saugahatchee, Inc., 2003-2014.
Board of Directors, Alabama Water Watch Association, 1997-1998.
H. S. Swingle Award for Highest Academic Achievement at the Master of Science Level 1987, from the Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, AL.
National Dean’s List, Phi Eta Sigma, Purdue 500.
Graduated Summa Cum Laude, Purdue University, 1981
Invited Lectures and Presentations (2013):
Water Quality in Lake Logan Martin. Logan Martin Lake Protection Association Annual
Meeting, Pell City, AL, October 2013.
Establishment of Grassroots Capacity in the Clear Creek Watershed. Haleyville Rotary Club
Meeting, Haleyville, AL, September 2013.
Alabama Water Watch Data Credibility and Applications. Alabama Water Resources
Conference, Orange Beach, AL, September 2013.
Community-based Watershed Stewardship in Alabama. Hydrologies Class, Auburn University,
AL, April 2013.
Lake Harding and Alabama Water Watch. Lake Harding Home Owners Association Annual
Meeting, Lake Harding, AL, March, 2013.
Evaluation of Save Our Saugahatchee Water Monitoring Program. Save Our Saugahatchee
Meeting, Auburn, AL, February 2013.
Professional Development Activities (Post-Master’s Degree):
STEPL and Region 5 Modeling and Load Reduction Training, ADEM, 2005.
MS Access 2000: Understanding Relational Database Design, AU at Montgomery, 2002.
Understanding GIS, the Arc/Info Method, Auburn University, 1996.
Interpretation of Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing Imagery, Auburn University, 1995.
Geographic Information Systems, Auburn University, 1995.
Problem Solving with the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, 1992.
Hydrology and Climatology, Auburn University, 1991.
Management of Aquatic Flora, Auburn University, 1991.
Management of Fish Populations in Small Impoundments, Auburn University, 1991.
SAS Programming, Auburn University, 1991.
Stream Ecology, Auburn University, 1990.
13
Publications (select):
Saafeld, D. T., E. M. Reutebuch, R. J. Dickey, W. C. Seesock, C. E. Webber, and D. R. Bayne. 2012.
Effects of Landscape Characteristics on Water Quality and Fish Assemblages in the Tallapoosa River
Basin, Alabama. Southeastern Naturalist, 11(2):239-252
Reutebuch, E. M. 2012. Citizen Volunteer Watershed Stewardship of Alabama’s Reservoirs – Lake
Martin Watershed. Alabama Water Watch, Auburn, AL. 32 pp.
Marzen, L., R. Sawant, B. Damghani, S. Sharma, P Srivastava, E. Reutebuch and W. Deutsch.
2010. Comparison of Traditional Pixel Based Classification with Geo-Object Based Image Analysis
of Landsat TM Images for the Saugahatchee Watershed, Alabama. Abstract at the Association of
American Geographers Annual Meeting, January, 2011, Seattle, Washington.
Deutsch, W., J. Glasier, D. Bronson, W. Seesock, and E. Reutebuch. 2010. Results of the Lake Martin
Water Quality Study 2009-2010. Final Report for Alabama Power Company. 40 pp.
Reutebuch, E., W. Deutsch, W. Seesock, G. Lockaby, C. Anderson, R. Governo, C. Nagy, and J.
D’Angelo. 2010. Saugahatchee Watershed Management Plan - Final Report. Alabama
Department of Environmental Management, Montgomery, AL. 183 pp.
Marzen, L., E. Reutebuch and W. G. Deutsch. 2009. The Case for Best Management Practices to Improve
Water Quality in a Rapidly Urbanizing Alabama Watershed. Abstract at the AmericaView Fall
Technical Meeting/ASPRS UMC Conference, October 5-7, EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, SD.
Deutsch, W. G., E. Reutebuch, W. Seesock and J. Oates. 2009. On-Farm and Watershed Approaches to
Community-Based Nutrient and Pathogen Management - Final Report. Alabama Water Resources
Research Institute, Auburn University, AL. 10 pp.
Reutebuch, E. M., W. G Deutsch and S. Ruiz-Córdova. 2008. Community-Based Water Quality
Monitoring- Data Credibility and Applications. For World Wildlife Fund, Alabama Water Watch,
Auburn, AL. 24 pp.
Reutebuch, E., W. G. Deutsch, G. Lockaby and W. Seesock. 2008. Implementing SWaMP – the
Saugahatchee Watershed Management Plan. Abstract at the ADEM Nineteenth Annual Nonpoint
Source Conference, January 30, 2008, Montgomery, AL.
Reutebuch, E. M. and W. G Deutsch. 2007. A Transferable Model of Stakeholder Partnerships for
Addressing Nutrient Dynamics in Southeastern Watersheds – Final Report – 2006-2007. U. S.
Department of Agriculture Cooperative Research, Education and Extension Service, Washington D.
C. 96 pp.
Dougherty, M., D. R. Bayne, L. Curtis, E. M. Reutebuch, W. C. Seesock. 2007. Water quality in a nontraditional off-stream polyethylene-lined reservoir. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 85
(2007) 1015–1023
Deutsch, W., E. Reutebuch, and S. Ruiz-Córdova . 2007. Validity and Applications of Citizen Volunteer
Water Quality Data: A Case from Alabama. Water Resources Impact, v. 9 no 5, pp 16-20.
14
Budget Form
BUDGET REGIONAL WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH PROJECT FISCAL YEAR Proposed Starting Date: March 1, 2014 Proposed Completion Date: February 28, 2015 Project Title: Examination of bacterial levels in water and sediment for the development of refined monitoring protocols for inland recreational waters Principal Investigator: Luxin Wang Cost Categories Estimated Costs Federal Non Federal Total 1. Salaries & Wages $
13,426
$
13,426
$
26,853
Principal Investigator (3.5 months) $
10,490
$
17,309
$
27,799
Other Professional Staff (2 months) $
3,200
$
$
3,200
Hourly workers (2) (2 months @ $10/hr) $
2,629
$
2,629
Total Salaries & Wages $
27,116
$
33,364
$
60,481
2. Fringe Benefits $
7,414
$
9,528
$
16,942
3. Supplies $
3,780
$
$
3,780
4. Equipment $
$
5. Subcontracts /Consultants $
$
$
6. Travel $
3,072
$
$
3,072
7. Other Direct Costs $
$
$
8. Total Direct Costs $
41,382
$
42,892
$
84,275
9. Forfeited IDC on
WRRI FEDERAL
FUNDING $
$
19,864
$
19,864
10. IDC on AU COST
SHARE
$
20,588
$
20,588
11. TOTAL COST $
41,382
$
83,344
$
124,726
15
16
Budget Justification
Item #3: Supplies:
1. AU Researcher Coliscan Easygel sampling supplies:
(3 swim sites * 6 dates * 2 samples/site * 2 times/date) = 72 samples done in triplicate
Order enough for 80 samples @ $8 per triplicate sample = $640
2. AU Researcher FDA methodology sampling supplies:
For 72 samples:
$20 per sample for disposables/agar/petrifilms = 72 * 20 = $1,440
$10 per sample for antibiotic resistant test = 72 * 10 = $720
Serotyping = $340
3. AWW Citizen Monitor sampling supplies:
(3 swim sites * 6 dates * 2 samples/site * 2 times/date) = 72 samples done in triplicate
Order enough for 80 samples @ $8 per triplicate sample = $640
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total = $3,780
Item #6: Travel:
1. 6 trips to lakes Martin & Logan Martin * (350 miles1/trip * @ $0.82/mile2) = $1,722
2. Per diem @ $75/day * 6 trips * 3 researchers) = $1,350
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total = $3,072
1
Distance of one round trip includes early morning travel to site and Lake Martin, followed by
travel to two sites on Lake Logan Martin, followed by return trip for mid-day/afternoon
sampling on Martin and Logan Martin followed by return to AU.
2
Auburn University mileage rate = $0.82/mile.
Reporting Requirements
The AWW website (www.alabamawaterwatch.org) has been posted since 1998, and is visited
thousands of times per year by volunteer water monitors and the general public. The project will
be prominently displayed on the AWW website. Upon completion of field sampling and quality
assurance checks, a summary of project results and conclusions will be posted on the AWW
website, along with recommendations for inland swimming-area monitoring protocols. The
information and recommendations can be used to advance and improve monitoring of inland
public waters to minimize the threat of bacterial contamination to the public health.
Researchers will also seek publication of one or more papers in refereed technical journals,
proceedings of professional meetings, and/or other appropriate media. A copy of those published
papers will also be sent to the Alabama Water Resources Research Institute to be kept as a part
of the project permanent file. In addition, a synopsis will be submitted 30 days after end of
project period (April 1, 2015) and a project technical completion report will be submitted 60
days after the end of the project period (May 1, 2015).
17
Appendix: Letters of Support from Collaborating AWW Water Monitoring Groups
•
Letter of Support from Logan Martin Lake Protection Association
•
Letter of Support from Lake Watch of Lake Martin
18
19