Reproduction in Plants 1. Fill in the blanks propagation.

Reproduction in Plants
1. Fill in the blanks:
a. Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called vegetative
propagation.
b. A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called unisexual
flower.
c. The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of
the same kind is known as pollination.
d. The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as fertilization.
e. Seed dispersal takes place by means of wind, water and animals.
2. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.
Different methods of asexual reproduction are as followsa. Vegetative Propagation- It is a type of asexual reproduction in which new plants are
produced from roots, stems, leaves and buds. Since reproduction is through the vegetative parts
of the plant, it is known as vegetative propagation. For exampleIf a piece of potato with eyes (buds) is buried into the soil and watered for a few days, the buds
grow into new potato plants.
Buds (Eyes)
b. Budding- Yeast reproduces by budding. A small bulb like projection coming out from the
yeast cell is called a bud. The bud gradually grows and gets detached from the parent cell and
forms a new yeast cell.
Developing Bud
Chain of Buds
Parent Yeast Cell
c. Fragmentation- The Alga Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation. It breaks up into two or
more fragments or pieces. These pieces grow into new individuals of Spirogyra.
Parent Spirogyra
New individuals of Spirogyra
d. Spore formation- Fungi grow from the spore. The spores are asexual reproductive bodies.
Under favourable conditions the spore germinates to develop into a new fungus.
Sporangium
Spores
Hypha of Fungus
3. Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.
Sexual reproduction is the type of reproduction in which male and female gametes fuse with
each other to form a zygote. The zygote develops into an embryo by cell division. The embryo
then develops into a new organism.
4. State the main differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.
S.No
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
1.
New organisms are formed from one New organisms are formed by fusion of male
parent only.
and female gametes which may be produced
by two separate parents.
2.
There is no role of gametes.
There is role of male and female gametes.
3.
New organism is exact copy of the New organism is not an exact copy of the
parent plant.
parent plant.
5. Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.
Anther
Stigma
Style
Ovules
Filament
Ovary
Ovary
Stamen (Male Part of the flower)
Pistil (Female Part of the flower)
6. Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Self Pollination
Cross Pollination
If the pollen grains are transferred from the When the pollen grains of a flower are
anther of a flower to the stigma of the same transferred to a different flower, either of the
flower it is called self pollination.
same plant or of another plant of the same
kind, it is called cross pollination.
7. How does the process of fertilization take place in flowers?
After pollination, the pollen grain produces a pollen tube, which passes through the stigma and
style and reaches the ovary. It then enters into the ovule and releases the male gamete near the
ovum. The male gamete fuses with the ovum to form a zygote.
Pollen grain (germinating)
Pollen Tube
Zygote
Formation
Ovum
8. Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.
Seeds are dispersed bya. Wind- Some seeds have wing like structures or hairs, which help them to float in the air and
get blown off with the wind to far-away places. Examples- Drumstick, Maple and Sunflower
Seed
Wing
Seeds-Drumstick
Maple
Sunflower
Madar (Aak)
b. By Animals- Some seeds having hooks get attached to bodies of animals and are carried to
distant places. Examples- Xanthium and Urena
Seed
Hooks
Seed of Xanthium
c. Water- Some seeds have the ability to float on water and get dispersed. Example- Coconut
d. By Bursting- Some fruits burst with sudden jerks and scatter the seeds. Example- Castor and
Balsam
9. Match items in Column I with those in Column IIColumn I
Column II
a. Bud
i. Maple
b. Eyes
ii. Spirogyra
c. Fragmentation
iii. Yeast
d. Wings
iv. Bread mould
e. Spores
v. Potato
vi. Rose
10. Tick (√) the correct answera. The reproductive part of a plant is thei. Leaf
ii. Stem
iii. Root
iv. Flower
b. The process of fusion of the male and the female gametes is calledi.Fertilization
ii.Pollination
iii.Reproduction
iv.Seed formation
c. Mature ovary forms thei. Seed
ii. Stamen
iii. Pistil
iv. Fruit
d. A spore producing plant isi. Rose
ii. Bread mould
iii. Potato
iv. Ginger
e. Bryophyllum can reproduce by itsi. Stem
ii. Leaves
iii. Roots
iv. Flower
11. Define the followinga. Reproduction- The production of new individuals from their parents is called reproduction.
b. Unisexual Flowers- The flowers which contain either only the pistil or only the stamens are
called unisexual flowers. Examples- Corn, Papaya and Cucumber produce unisexual flowers.
c. Bisexual Flowers- The flowers which contain both stamens and pistil are called bisexual
flowers. Examples- Mustard, Rose and Petunia produce bisexual flowers.
d. Pollination- The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called
pollination.
e. Self Pollination- If the pollen lands on the stigma of the same flower it is called selfpollination.
f. Cross Pollination- When the pollen of a flower lands on the stigma of another flower of the
same plant, or that of a different plant of the same kind, it is called cross-pollination.
g. Zygote- The male and female gametes fuse with each other to form a zygote.
h. Fertilization- The process of fusion of male and female gamete to form a zygote is called
fertilization.
12. How does seed dispersal help the plant?
Seed dispersal helps to prevent competition between the plant and its own seedlings for sunlight,
water and minerals. It also helps the plants to spread in new habitats.
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K. P. Singh, Biology Department, Delhi Public School, Mathura Refinery Nagar, Mathura