I actually wasn i t the one who put the... 4 Mine si te when you were there i let...

VICTOR IZZO f R. G.
09/28/09
Page 23
1 quaLi ty.
2
Q.
And did you determine whether there was any
3 significant threat to water quality from the Wide Awake
4 Mine si te when you were there i let i s say i in the early
5 i 90s?
6
7
A.
I actually wasn i t the one who put the report
together. I was out there just
lping because I was a
8 geologist. So I didn i t make any determination.
9
Q.
Who put the report together?
10
A.
I have the report on my desk. Oh i yeah.
11
Montoya and
11m forgetting his first name.
12
Q.
Is he a regional board person?
13
A.
He was at the time.
14
Q.
Do you remember the name of the report?
15
A.
Not exactly. It was something about the
16 central valley mine sites. That is about all I remember
17 exactly.
18
Q.
Do you know whether this report is available on
19 the internet?
20
A.
I'm not sure.
21
Q.
Would it be possible to get a copy from you?
22
A.
Yeah.
23
Q.
What do you remember about the Wide Awake Mine
24 site when you visited it in the early f 90s?
25
A.
I remember a lot of leased mining
SAROFF COURT REPORTERS AN LEGAL TECHNOLOGIES
877.955.3855
09/28/09
VICTOR IZZ01 R.G.
Page 24
1 foundations - mine foundations i what appeared to be
2 furnace-type equipment. I remember some -- what we call
3 Jlmining waste piles II and some water flow through
i
4 there -- relatively small. We were therei you know
5 late spring or early summer, I think.
6
'7
,
8
Q.
When you say, Jlmining foundations i II or I limine
foundations, II
A.
do you mean?
Well, when you go there, you know, you have
9 these brick (sic) that are typically used for furnaces.
10 They were there. You have heavy piping and clay-type
11 piping that can take heat. You have the stacks that
12 are - and i believe at this site the stacks were down
13 on the ground from, you know - - from the furnace.
14
Q.
Would it be fair to call these processing
15 facilities?
16
A.
Yes.
17
Q.
Did you see any sign of a mine shaft?
18
A.
I don i t remember a mine shaft.
19
Q.
And when you say, IImining waste pilesi 11 in
20 general what are you referring to?
21
A.
Two types on that site. There was basically
22 rocks, you know, in the sense of 6 inches to a foot wide
23 that is kind of like waste rock that is not processed
24 rock piles. Also on that site you saw some fine-graini
25 reddish material which is probably processed ore. That
--
SAROFF COURT REPORTERS AND LEGAL TECHNOLOGIES
877.955.3855
09/28/09
VICTOR IZZO, R.G.
Page 25
1 is basically what I saw on that site.
2
Q.
And do you remember that from your site visi t?
3
A.
Yes.
4
Q.
Anything else you remember from your site visit
5 in the early i 90s?
6
A.
7
Q.
8
A.
No, not much.
took you
?
I was there -- his first name is Barry. Now I
9 remember - - Barry Montoya. He is the one who took me
10 there. Again, he was the -- you know, he controlled the
11 whole project.
12
Q.
When you were at the Wide Awake Mine site in
13 the early 1990s did you meet or talk with anyone
14 associated with that property in any way?
15
A.
I didn! t.
16
Q.
When you were there was there any - - anyone
17 accompanying you who wasn! t a regional board person?
18
A.
No.
19
Q.
Was it just you and Barry Montoya?
20
A.
Yes.
21
Q.
Who told you that you couldn i t go on the
22 property more recently?
23
A.
Jeff would be a better one to answer that.
24
Q.
It is your understanding that someone from the
25 regional board contacted the current owner of the Wide
SARNOFF COURT REPORTERS AN LEGAL TECHNOLOGIES
877.955.3855
INACTIVE
THE SACRAMENTO V ALLEY,
STAF RiiPORT OF TH
CALIfORNIA REGIONAL. WATER QUALJ CONTL BOARD, CÊAL. VALLEV REGION
STANPAROS. POUCIES1 ~SPECI StUDIES UNIT
343 ROU1lER ROA. SUIT A
SA.CflAMENT01 CAUFORHlA 95827
, i'
l../ t
E~
/ip..
~~"' \.l
L
r
Staté of California
REGIONAL WATER QUALTY CONTOL BOARD
CE~"T VALLEY REGION
John S. Corkins, C/wir
1&rl E. Longley, Vice Chair
Hank AbralumL Member
A. Vernon Ccmrad, Member
Hugh V. Johns, Member
w. Steve Tompkins, Mem.ber
Clifford C.WisdlJ, Member
Wiliam H. Crooks, Executive Offcer
3443 Routier Road, Suite A
- Sacramento, Canûa 95827..3098
COVEf: PicFlE OF CoElAllO TUN/4EL, Ei DORADO COO1m (CSMB. 1908) ANO
TIe UNDERGROUND WORKINGS OI'SOCMTES MINE (CJMG, 1946).
~ABLE OF CO~~TS
l . ~ . . . . " , , " " , .. . , , . . . , . .. ~ " . . . " . " ... """"."."...
Table of Contents........... ...............................
i
ii
i
1.
Sumary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,
11.
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
111.
Mine Drainage Formation.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
iv.
. t . ~ .. " w " . " . " " . . , " .. " , , . .. , . , . , . "
3
, . ." . ~ II i ~ " e ,. ~ ~" """ I _" .. i
4
Waste rock drainage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
A.
Acidic
B.
Ar s enic
c.
Characteristics of Sacramento Valley Inactive Mines
5
5
A.
Drainage characteristics... . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . .
B.
Waste rock characteristics...................
19
v.
Mass Loads......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23
VI.
Receiving Waters. . . .. . . .. . . . ... ...................
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Methods
33
34
34
34
4. Mass .load estimates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
.
B
Rainfall Runoff from Spenceville Mine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
c
Water Quality Characteristics of Mine Drainage and
Receiving Waters in Several Sacramento Valley
'Watersheds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Watershed. . . . . . . . . . . .
D
Individual Mine Descriptions by
E
Trace Elei:ent survey of Several Sacramento Valley
Wacerbodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common
Minerals in California Containing Metals and
Meta.lloids of Concern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G
30
1. Mine selection.................................
2. Field sampling and quality control. ... .., .. ....
3. Laboratory quality control results. . . . . . . . . . . . .
F
27
Input~Oi,tput Calculations of Metals Moving Through
Shasta Reservoir.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ii
42
44
65
74
75
76
JI. SUllMY
A water quaty surey was conducted between 1989 and 191 to asses the pollutat contributions made by inactve ~es
in the Sacrento Valey. The goal included estiatg pollutat loads and assesin impacts vvthout ass~ al nues
in the watershed had been pri;,viousy identied. The number of mies chosen for ths study (94) were limited to those
that were known suspected water quaty theats. amt drinage, wate rock, and upstrea/downtream
receivig waters were sapled andany.led for several heavy metal, arsenic, and conventionlÙ parameters (flow,
EC). Dry weather loads were caculted ""ith perenn awt draie data collecd largely durg drought
(1987-1991).
Inactve :ms were pervasive thoughout the Valey outsde the central basin and ino the sunoimd. his and mounta.
i\lthoug not al mmes had perennial adit drge, waste roc materi was observed at every site vîited. Further,
hitorica accounts and site observtion indicate that ore processi o:perations were conducted at most of the mies,
increasin the potenti for water quaty degradation. Mieral contai copper, lead, cadmum and me were mined
or indirecty mied il the Valey included arsenic. gold, silver,
mercur, and sulfu compounds. Amt draiage qualty vared from unpolluted sprig water to highy acidic outfow
begig around the mid-1800s. Other products directy
contaiing metal in the ppm range.
Amt in the Shata Distrct exhbit characteristics tyica of mie draiage - low and metals
conte!lt. Iron M.t. Wile (IMM) was single loa~erl ronmbuLi l:ctween 57-85 ~ercent of . coJ!per,
cadmum and zmc loads. hon Mt. roads were estiated&om Sprg Creek Debr Dam (SeDD) which collecl5
water from the entire Sprig Creek watershed hiclud.g .amt releases, waste rock erosionand~age,-ad-bad:grolJricì
stream flow. Unle loads from the othr mi, which were cacuted us data on perenn adit.(aiage alone, loads
year-round dicharges comi from the IM complex The combed loads from al West
from SCDD reflect the sum of
Shasta Distrct mies (Ion Mt., Mamoth Balakala, etc.) accounted for over 95 percent of the total copper, cadmium,
and zichiactie mine contrbnlii: to the Sacramento Valey.
Perenn mine drage in the Sierr-Nevada mounta range was highy varble in qualty. Drainage from gold mines
in the
Aleghel1y-Downevie area (Yuba Rier watershed)
was c1:ctri by nea-neutral outow andelevaled arsenic.,
Posive El measurements indicate th the arsenic.is dicharged largely in the less toxic +5 state accordig to pH-Eh
graphs. Mies in the Footh Coppr Belt (Spencevie. Valey View) exhibited typica acidic draiage but were not major
loaders due. to relatívely smal outfows.
Mercur mies are located in
the Cache and Puta Creek watershed. A.oug most sites were dr, a sm. number of
western. footh mies diharged slghtly acidic watr chacteri by high levels .of Jr~.ca carbonate
contaed relatvely hi levels or mercur.
compounds. Most waste roc saples
peods were impactd by one or more metal exceedig Inand
Twenty-one of31 receivg streas monitored diig dr
~~~a~~~:g~~l~~=di:~eí~~thnÎ:tc~S~~~6becli~~ãu:~l%.=~e:e:a!:i:;fot~r:;i=
and silver. . Strea impa.ct leng app~ared to depend 0)1 avlloffactors includi.e compound-spec behavior, diution
:~a~~e~ed~~:;6:~a:r:¿:nin=d~dl:J::~~C:f&k~o1.e:d .~~:gr~:J:;l~~ò~~;~~
measured in Dry Creek below Spencevie Mie d~ a 3 inch storme~ntexeed.tbe 1-hour EPA har.dness factored
6~J:~~~~~:pleI~:o:~~~6::o~R~e(?=re~.;i~e:t:~l=~:~eW.:fu..~~cf~~~
of t:...je totalan. ua.copp.l, cadm.. ium. ,and ziC..lo..ads
dur. gtheraiy sea.ß.nwa. .estated.to&. cçuntfor 5-18
percent
~:~:igi::g:in:'J:tf~J~i:i~ci~r~:i~;ttQt~l;'=f~i.:;.~~t~t~O¡¡lk~~rt:i~:i~t~
acidity,
ruoff inuetloads.becuse of
slope,
Alost
the
vaty of inuenci factors includig pereabilty, vag metal content and
porosity, raiiiclaracteritíci, ctc.
al strea inuenced. by nie draiage eventualy pas tbQugh one oimore. major resenrojr The fracton of
metal tranporteà t:oiigha reservir appea to depen!11agey on dacbderCS and the qu¡Ùty of upstream inputs.
summer input-output:flowsØt aSiera-Nevada
reaied
concentration ofseveT:a1 meta
esntàlly unchanged between
The
reservoir. TI majority of
the anual copper loads mto Shasta R~elVoir cae &oø:inacte mies whi~ liely ~uenced
was
Dam release
levels - copper was ap~ioxateiyan order of magtude grcaterthan what
streas not inuenced by mie draige.
1
pr.et m the major feeder
D. ß1lODUCTON
Mies once actve in the excton of heavy metal (e.g., mercu, gold, copper, zic) have exposed suirace mie.ral
deposits to the weatlerig attrbutes of water and Oreboes were mied b aroWld the tur of the cent usmg
w:dergroWld and open pit tecques that increaed &lJrface area of mier' one to breakdown in tle presnce
ùf water, oxygen and acido c bacteri. Metal are leached from the mieral an tranrted dov.'leam vi raial
runoff or adit di i ca cause fi ki tht have been docuented as far hack as 1940 (Nordstrom
et aL, 1977. Run dicaded soi has resulted in the isuance of health wargs agait eatig mercu
taited fih in Clear Lae and Mar Creek Reservoir.
Prior to 1972, iegutory actioli by the regiona board to abate inactve mine dicharges wa hidered by ineffecve
leglation (Mier et al 1979). The board had lied legal mean to force a mie propert owner to comply. Because
operations ceased alogeter, the present mie/land owner was usy unwig or economicay unable to remedate the
site. Furer coplicaons arose when th mie sie had been sold by the orial m. companY. Tyicay, wilved
compliance was referred to !:e Câlomi court system beuse of the hi costs inevíbly invoíved. Many referal to
the Distrct Attorney or General were Dot pursued, referred elsewhere, or decided in favor of the mie Q'ler
(e.g., Penn Mie in 1963; 1988). Several major mies in the Central Valey have extensve hitories of
regional that, in some ca, exceed years. Conversely, actve mies pemiitted by board
to comply the conditions of as at for contiued operations. Reguatory have
since the pasage of the federal Clea Waler state Porter-Cologe ads, although some the
impedents stil :remai In many intances, governent fidß have been used to 1"lstal control measures.
projec have resuted in reduced mie loa.ds (e.g., Waler, Balala mies) but most attempts have nor always been so
successfu priany due to ineffective technology. .
A water qualty surey of mactive mies was conducted as part of the regiona board's Basin Plang procs to obtai
inormation on pollutant loads contrbuted by Valey-wide sources (which alo include permtted agrcrtual, and urban
alow us to pnorti sources of downea
ruoofdischarges). A water quality asessment usmg load estiates wi
impaients and help to focus coOOol eforts on the. major contrutors. The amulatie input of pollutan from poin
and non-point som-ces has rested in periodic objecve excedance for copper, zic, cadmium, and lead in the
Sacramento-San Joaqui Delta/Estuar (CVWQqJ. 1991). The regional boæ-d is ,rpo~ble for developing pr,;grams
to reduce overal metal
loads to th Sacramento River and Delta. AJoug inctve mmes contnbute sutantiy to
downstrea ooinceDtratons, several questions remai regadig previously unsuyed mies, waste rock nmoff¡ and
reservoir mass balance inormatiol1
Thi study attempted to
assess the regional water quaty impacts caused by inactve mies in the Sacramento Valley. In
general the objectves were:
loadi
from known and previously mimveyed major inctve mies.
1. Estiate and c the meta
2. Detere the oontn1nitions from wate roc ruoff.
3. Assess the mass balance of metål comig ino and leavig major reservoirs.
The rests of th study
show that most of the major ines with perenndrile had been previously sureyed; . The
copper, zic, and cadm .ca from mi10c in theSha MWg Distrct The lsrgest smgle
~~a~:~tr=S:e~~::s~~:~~~~;~J~:~.31i=~e =~s~xii~~ ::is~tb&~:;~
largest loads of
drai.'. age. due to runofaid seep...aagefiom Was. e roC
stormeventsigncay increas
the receivi
pies dun th. e. wetse.. Ol1.Wast6 roc ruoff ca1;ed.bY a3 mch
steam COn.eetr~ of ~ndedsolids Ctpper, and ZIC. Waste rock
materi was prevalt at al mies sueyed. Dam releas water qualty is probably iDueìiced to some ement by uptream
mine inputs
2
FORMTION
m. l\U:Ñ"E
Mie drage as a result of pas mi actvies tht exposd geologca deposi.ts to the natual weath~
attrbutes of water ai. Air Cl enter an underground complex as advectve drafs and barometrc "breath" thoug
and manade openi (e.g., shafs, vents, fractes; Shwnate et al,191). Water enterg the i:l system
origies as raial seepa.ge and ground waer (CH H'il 1984). Ground water flows intercept tunnel
pasgeways followi the path of leat resitace and eventù become surac dichges when the interior floods to
the level of the lowermost awL. Water rarticipaies in the wethrig procss as a reant, reacton medium, and a vehicle
tra.portg solubild mieral out 0 the complex. Th humdi wi a mie and large surface area of roeri
exposed to oxidants are ideal conditions for reactve ore to degrade (Shumate et 1971). The volume of water
dicharged vares between seaons and yeas an outfow loads ar stroogy eorrelated wil: anua precpitation (Heiran
unpub. data). Dramage alo orites at the siice of a nie complex whre waste roc ples, cOmposed of e:acted
mieral deposits, have been duped and e~osed to same weatheri force. The off-site movement of pollutats
material is largely lited by contact with water from source such as precipitaton, strea, and
released from waste rock
sprigs 1' product ?f. waste rock weatherig Cl degrade water qualty in th same maner as adit releaes - elevated
meta, tubidity, or aciwty.
A. Acidic
Pyte (FeSi), the most common iron . in
Acid mine draiage is generated from the of pyrte.
Calorn (COMG, 196), is snsptile breakdo\V becuse of it hi oxidation
(Doyle
andrrf'.P
Miza iron.The
1989).
is clved topotential
for sulliiTÍUc:
::nò
When c.icosed to an oxidi envionment, the ferrousdisiide bond
generaly accepted mecanm for acid formtion is represented by the followi pathways (from Singer and Stum, 1970):
FeSi(s) + 7/202, + H20"';" Fel+ + 2 SO¡- + 2. H-I
Fe2+ + 1/4 02 + H2+ "";: Fe3+ + 1/2 H20
FeS2(s) +' 14 Fe3'¡ + 8 H;iO ::;: 15 Fei+ + i so¡- + 16 Ht
(1)
(2)
(3)
The
Reaction pa.W4i¥S land 3 have been p..ioposedto desc.'be th overa kietics inv. .olved in the br.eadovm of pyrte.
diect pa,thway (.1) involves 0 act. dir. ectlyonthe pyrte cr. stal wh. .. te.as, aneindied. paanwaY(3. ) goes .forward only
when the iron product of. 1 has. oxdid tosuQcient
quanes
vi iwhn
(OnyeQ,
1985.
Oxen
serves
as and
the
proced onl
an abunt
supply
of both
water
and
ca
oxdan in :i prodnÇÎg a,çi .at rates typicaY observed
0X... .. en are avai.' ..ble (.T.aylor et åL. ~ 1984. ; SuIv.
anofet ai.,
19.88a~b)...O.XY
ens.i~d
elVto
asthe~fornation
the vltimar.ecton
accptracid
that
hydrolytc
reaclçDS .lthat
ofsu1c
a series
se into. .
cleaves i. iron-sulde bond
(Noråsti0m, 1982). There are mayche .. physica and biolo~factorstht caafec the ra.te ofpath""ayl. includi
temperatue, resdence tie of die water, plio! themeaiwiand the.pr~i. 'of miáobe5. However, the grai si of
factor controDi it's. rate. Fiamboida pyrte crta les th 0.25 micron are much more
a major
pyrte is thought. to be.
prone to breakdown than iarg~r, euic foris (Caccio, 1975).
Equan 3is caedtht indiec pathway l:causefemcirontFe3+) act as the axdant wbichis prodd vi~ conversion
from, the
reduce form lagelybya.bacteraD caa-y;reacttln2). The reuce~esofiróD (Fe + - ferrous)
3. Th~æOferr;liisiotliirqp(;sedbypathway 2 issto~Y
is ~tia1Y present ~apr~ucpf rectons.i and
fac:tated .bY.a resident mii:Ob1alCQUD toltrant-oflowp!warS i(:rever, 1988;Sniger andStmUl; 190, Erlich,
rates.
and p~~~, 191¡ Noikeeta1.t~; .~va el.ai., l9a). RactonPllthway 2,caproce~diiorgaeaY
19p.;M.01I .
disolved oxy~nprestip waerisllïi~~initse1ftoperptul.ethec()nver51n at obsered
but tlai0un of
In the pr. esençe 0. facidOPhic.. . bacterilhe rille. of ~ ..c;."b~.acc. . ra.. .. tedbyUP.. to6orde.r. 5..0.f ma. .~tu. di-overth.. eÍ1orgac
oidiec patwayand isgovemebythe
coocewatC;111òfreucd.irnald.i¡ofthe
nucrob1å1poPultion.
Th in
ferrc
water thStig1y
favprtheforwardleêôon of.reacln.pathway
3.. Thert;fore,
an
generated. tò le\.è1s. in
ion ca. be
aqu~us exianmen! pathway 2 is consdered to be the rae determg stepi. the productanof acid.
.,Cdrr"'."'l!rt. .di""..¡,¡aJ."".,;.a¡~1i Mt'1~," J..~c~) an
autotropbi~ usin
(Wic.h1ll.czand
Øi.r.ß3. nic. caOO. .. ...Jstr. aiii.
$
U,.... oz...19.8.11' Glemoaiitat.o hi. 'cb..act. erahå.. ve.~eiiis...o.1aed.as.
th we .'. .f~rrçusoiiu?nanghenctbe Ja~ûonofAfimidram~ rmatiø~ .~dîoxideis usd
11.a\1 ~n idenedastleiiriPâ1slr1Iolvedand w~respeatedPasd. .
asa rooô source .V. hichis DletbcÎlici...y.mcorp.... ra.. '. ed. wi. . tn.er. deriedfrQI ..tbeo* . ..... . .01 di.... ale. n..t 11. Q.. iL.. '. us
ferr .. d 1".
thooxidan.
th..
e... ..rateatw.. hièh. tléco.. .m.~uiwer. 0.(0. ... ..t1. .~OUId.S.'. and .ßQlmeril97.. )'.
.. .'p...ar~~rø~ce..... .00..... mpoimds and
Optum metabo1iceffClnc.1Sg~eral.attaiedwit1apR rar of2.o.3S (Nalaufand:Frater, 191)-utca var
wi ~mperatueeies (Maonad and Øar~1970). .Aou.llutrelltsCC)lJl besubstìtutef ôl .anenergy SQurce
(Noik etal1.83), therr su.m watersabovepH6ar lied byinter-staioompetion. ' '. hicmicrobesare
'Wth "Wide ~angeofabilesenabllgllem tosur~ine7e~een.vùonentsbuareQi
... . . byspeciii
neutral stieams;MiandMaloI)11987.
generalts
better
equipe tOcoOlpete under condions that areniore faveral)le (i.e., in
The aquc mî~obeb¥Cmeatch~ tosta.tioiiar obje?:~ the ~trea.bed~dprolla.gate in layers Q.acdOla1d and
Oark, 1970) w1ichwere found t(. be more. metllbolicåy acüeQi thei pla0nu: counerar ~anà Malory, 19&1).
The oxdation of ferronssulateis though to oc at the cell wal or membrae (McDoidand ßlak, 190).
suldes (cog.. CdS, Cu, znS) oxidid m
product of oter
The products
of pyrte oxidatioi. as well as the disolution
acidic solutin and are tranrted
sim fasn, concentrte to high levels in the
3
out of the .me.cplex ma singly
1988a). Mior amounts of disolved compounds (metal, sulate, other
of basic iron sultes (e.g., copiapite, jarosite) and ca be seen as red
complexed or imric state ("diolved"; Sulvan
ions) crstal as secondar miral in th
to yellow staig in the impacted steam
waers, the disolved compounds become les solule and precipitate
As pH increass
of iron hydroxdes. Between a pH of 2.5 and 4, iron intaously
to standard (pathway 4; Jenke et aL, 1983).
out at a rate that is
fonns mase
Fe2-:H + 2-3
197; Filpek et 1987).
=:; Fe(OH):;(p) + 2.3
Iron hydrmcides are amorphous in natue (as opposed to crtale) and are vile as orange, streambed deposits.
Other metal alo precpitate as hydroxides when their individua supesatwation points are reached. Howe,elements
such as coppr, arsenic; and zic are thouut to be removed from solutionpriår by coprecpitaon and adsorption
proceses tht accmpany the format of feir aid ferrous hydroxdes Meta ca adsorb to the surce of form
colloids via tlecto-static attaction (Johnn, 1986). Co-precpitation ca alo scvenge meta whc:i they are occuded
with the f~mug colloids or are mcorprated as part of the matr (Har 1982). Arenic, present ás an oxyanon,
diectl inte¡nates wi iron out-competi and replaci two hydroxdes, resul in a coordiated complex (Haron
and BerkhelSer, 1982). Th resultan removal rate of arsenic from solution by ooprecipitation is in diec prportion to
the amoUDt of solid rormed (Chapma et 1983), therefore, very lie arsenic remai in solution after acid mile
draiage undergoes 11 sh.. Alerntely, copper zic are solution
maiy
aUiaction
ow!. Copper
zicelectostatic
are ly present
as a~uo
tht are weaker the forces involved in rem
or anon (e.g., sulte) pais Thornton, 1987) and are aUiacled to, not mcorpor inoo, the fonnmg
hydroxide material. The degree sorpion increas wi pH (John, 1986; Moore ancrSuther1ãñd, 1981). A:
impacted waterapproaches neutralty, most of the metal have becme components of the
flocculated hydroxides. The
as well as other stream featues
meta remaig in solution contiime to exchage with hydroxides (Vindom et al, 1991)
such as the bed substrate, organc material and suspended particultes (Chapman et aI., 1983).
B. Arnic Dranage
Mie draie with high arsenic levels is assoated wi Sierra-Nevada mies locted in the Altgbeny.Downvie(mai
area.
Miers were afer un d gold ikpo th formed wi arenopyrte (As~) and cacaeous mieral .
acid
tyici
Caco~; Ca1.()n and 1956). Draie from th area is disi to
mine drage in that it is clear,
~f:s~~~~alle:c!~:d :~::~~ . ;:g~b~~~cl:~~~~1~n~Ji~~ll~:~e¡):I!::na:~=~
:J:~~i¡Bth~ ~s:~~: :;:r:! i:a:e~~:~ ~:i~:p:iilrta;~!¿S'i~:awi~ :tt:2 of::ls~~~~~d:
less than...4 m V
waers
less toñc than thereduced valence species - arseIlte (+ 3) - which is present oDl in reducig
mie draiage (low iron content), 50-90
(Moore and Raoorthy, 1984; Hem, 1975). In watrs notafeced by acid
percent of th arsenic is elleced to be diolved (Johnon and Thornton 1987.
C. Waste
Rock Dr¡ii
WAste roc ~ateridep()š.tçd ~bov~ ~d aJ undergoe oxidave weaerg when in cotact with watcr. Westcrock
was presciit at iieatly al mmcsit. .. iitb 5tand ca.be ~~ .ofiivetblUdeo, gaguuiateñ (less valuable
sunoundim.eral), andl~ftover ~ from:processore(U.s.EA.1986).~erâfoxidation and.oí-sîtetrrt
roc.
In pytisoìltbe.(tentto.geiuratellcidi.la~lYeot.onedby . .. ... ... r waíer, tbeprence.of
cacaous
mater is adequately
is liedtoperöd ofprecitanvienno other
mineral (mal qaC()3; U.S.E:A, ~)I and~ci si
water soUTc.s(e.g.,.. .
Ø"eeks)
are
in cantactwitl waSe
(Orcco, 1975). 'retop6-14û:cÌies of
aerfîedi()provi~e oxy~en at levelssûcientfoir diecox~ti (Gpo .l,0). D.ursdK pel'9%soluDle :products of
:~:tia1;:~:l9l6~~ci1sa:~Jl:itai~~=t8~~ht~t.SurCtil.:~iiag~ií='~r~i::Ke~~:;~l:~~r:
1Q83;see~l:xi(l B). Thewtal pcilltøC(tentdQesnot . .siuarfisttlusheffects
because
òt er05ionat.~port
material
niorphology
(.es and
with
M~uredl'åìalnmoffçoèffcintsnDe betwen 11 aid ?8percéiit . aad va
Riche,1983)andraalclacteri.C5 such as inc:nstymiiidurtion (seeA1:pendi B). Intrted waterpasPie,tbougl
wa rocnierial usuaY emanates with a ~er ~nutileveicompå. to $Úcenmoff due to theuicre~ed
resdence tie .of water alowed toåpprQacb eqti1iralon 'Wth leachble aci and maa (Haries iandRicle, 19~).
Simple
erosonal force ca trport particuates andt1ir asated méalof-site regdles of the pH of th materi
4
MIN
lV, CHARACTRISTCS OF SACRAMEl\IT VALEY
~ water qualty suriey was conducted between 1989, and .199~ to ases Ule polluta cpntnbuti0:i made by inaclÍv7 ines
whch are dam or prospect with little
m the Sacramento \r aley. There ar hundreds of mme sites m the Valey, some of
potential for sicat water qualty degadation. For intace, there are 55 known mie clais in El Dorado County
alone (SWRæ, 1972) and 161 hitorica mie sites in Sierra County (CVWQCB unpub. data). The number of mies
included in th study (94) were lited to those lht were knO'Wor suspected water qUaty theats (see Api¡endi A for
selection crteri). The goal included estiati utan loads and .asesg the impacts of inactie mmes without
assumi¡ al indidua contnbutors had been and cbaracterld. To acheve th, the mies selected were those
'lth a hiory of heavy actvity and/or hi ore
saples were collected and later analyz for severalheavý .ieta1 j1d arenic.
AI mies with perei:al draige, water
Conventonal parameters were meaured on-site at the tie of sampli (flow, Eei Eh pH). Sedent samples were
collected
at al mIne sites viited and a lited number were an for simar i;arameters (see Avpendi A for a
complete descrption of th methods). Mies not well characteri du previous mspectons were monitored several
ties over a 2 year period to accunt for any seasona fluctuation in flow-volumes or pollutant levels Those mies v,ith
characterition data were not sampled becaus load cacuations and impact asessment could be made usg
mies in the Shata Mig Disct). Several mies included in the sury were inccessible
and the results of th are reported in Appendi C.
virater is presented in Appendi
A. Drainage Charcteristics
Ûle
Sacramento Valey.
Mie locations iiealygrapbed in Figeiv-i show that m'Îllingwas not lited to;my one area of
Table IV-I summares the physicacharactnstics and hitorica backgowid
oImwes
th suey. Inac.tie
minesare
were
suroundi
bi in. andmo1.ta.
There
si
pervasive thughout the Valey outside th .ce basInAld into the
map identification numbers r map ID.
broadly defied m,ing zones in. the Valey (refer to Fige IV.;1 and Table IV-l for
t.~~:¡J i6~t~~2f~: \j~~kI~~J),i~itl~~~o:~i~~te(~ttiIT f;~2!l~~~~;~M~~~is~~ ~::~
6) western foo.th mercu mies (plates lQ.12). ,Atho~ not.i miesh~dv~renn aditdihag,s
il. #s *57), and
(Table IV-l), waste roc matenal Was observed atabost al mmes vited, Furer, hionca accunts and site
l:~b~aI~êr~bi~e~_1\~rT~~J~=(~:!=Æ:::Ji~:;~::~oo;:~~n6~i~~~~:d~~r~I:C:~~~
in a greate l)-nti,for water quatylmpacts. Ths potential is
and
the sUtfacearça exsed to. weatberi
results
intersectg flows. .
:~ma.ested when waste roc pollut are tranporte off-site into reivi waters d~ storm events or from
attribute (e.~, product, mieraltt) of Sacrent! Valey mis and theidraiic qualty were hiy
van¡Ûle. Valuale orebodi~ contai r,caÔDum, zic, an clomi inineralwerçmosmtenve1y
mied gold,
from
the Val'y.~c1u~inerCl,arsenic,
(e.g. Silverlal
The genra
the mid-180's to mid-:i?D. OtherI!r. diec:y' or.indiecY mied in
siyer,sull;conw0)lds,and pai.p'x¡wents l)aie quaty r2lgedfrl.tl unpQn~~ spr water
Mi~) tohiY 8.adicoutfowCOntai xr1..th pl)m r~ ,Wçst ShataPl$mctnw~Table IV~2), Previous
stndiessenera1Y agr .tbatdiaiatc.dierence inwaterqui . Glltf0W .are.inY reÙ\tedto .theKeologic: maeup
depth togromiâ water. UDdel'g,owiamira1mâyhave tlep()t~ntitoeasydeside, but
an
of undeilyigmmeral
suracerek;asswouldbe absentifthe'\ter tableisbèlowthe lower-mOs o~. yarabity indiclar'liniity from
-t~l: ~:rdadi~ miÌ:wiym::;la~â:~:å~;i~=;~~t=~xi:!i:àe~,~:i:Yt~~.r:~=~~eiö
no pereiål adireleas) draige is . 'tOO.to iaal and
avpI"øacht:Ì! âi sat:ationpóin At mies wi
snowmelt ruof from waste rotklIateri
~i:?#~~~~t:~~¿~~a~i.~~at:=~~~~~~~"~~.
.. cl~~#~~t:aa~~~;
contJhighievels.of. mostcompounds~êlas~pc.zic, cadm .ot ltag.(Tablf.lV-2)... TbeFoot1ûllCopper Belt
idenesa.reriesofnies siateOD a gelogkforDati1Q~ înGias~pyrte~~locat~atthewesternedge
ofthe Sier-Ne~fi foothJ'g~beeeiir~ eleyaoD,of$l .. .. .feetMSL.. FoW"m¡~es iI.th belt ;. vited
~~m~~~e=~.~:n:::;~dt:i:tll~~tl~~a:~lr~~~:atf~fu~~g;~.Jl~t:v~~~
COunty).
the Yub River Water$eØ) wa charact~d
Draie from gold mines. in ile Al~y.-:oownie:vi1l area (lcated in
by near neutral oulowand elevatetarsenìc1ev1s(TablelV..2,l. Th mieralog ofth~.arealibe~n~nsivelystudied
cieposited ûi closeasociatlon with
1:wer¿
bc;causeof'te Jode-gradegold d~posits. MigjQûr de.cñgo1d vein
carbCl.nate mlera and arsenopyrte fAs.e; Ca1s~imd Cik.1956). 'which pa;ve.1a the d.age maeu!:.
Notablear.senic sources
in . the areamdude the PlWKb~o AId)3msh Cr~kJ,esand thnse situtedintheKaaK Creek
couned over 14( mi in thwatersbiinclurJgYuba
~6 to
1,
River
watersed. United States.F(KSI ServceperslleJ hae
Kenton,
and Oriental .(Dane~ pers. comm.). ~e are a3anumber of smaUcrmÏtS di:Fg in the
watershed tht were not included in th surey ~. pen. comm.). Arsenic from these mUes rem largely in
or the low irn content and near neutal pH ofthedraia.ge - arseJJc
becuse
efecly removed .ttom solution by bydroxde pr=piWes. Posie Eh iieasm:mennftb draiage
solution in the downtrea receÌVg waters
is known to be
5
'1\.-:
~ #llirr ii!Æ
~q
,~-. '4(' \,
~ Fj.J!' PIS.
~~..~\(
~~,""ílLY
'1
.. ii*l'L" ..u..tr
_y alt; iJ;ir
y
)j,
m~tl~rr'~'~
~~
r/ ~.\.L'IHV(~-;
: I Iolit.!.-,:t
i;.ml-r:-c: ¡, !
l~O..
" /
i ì
i r..
/'. )
I1
7
-..: ';'~.~ ~H
\
~ - -
) "Q~
\,
)
~
~
F"nge lV.i
MAOR INAcr Ml IN TH SACRO V ALY. MA lD. NUERS
(I CICLE) AR DEF:"l IN TABLE IV.1. DETAI WATERSHE
LOCATIONS ,A .PREEN IN PLATE 1-12 er SQUAR).
¡:
:'
l
LEGEND
BLACK OAK
X l,tM S1
.. UHE Ai.~Eui~~ Ol$:i
PILUKAN
X.
,'.. ~a.;;p¡ - .
""
UMî""'I1EIl,~_
(¡ lAfVE SQiJl
0"'_~""_D""~
....:;~ ~lRA$mt*~t1mCliO~
.
.
x El DORADO
.
,
''0
'.1,
'll
~\
',\,~
AL¡'AMS~A I
.
!;¡G 6 UZZRO
,
~
l
i.
"-
FUNNY BUG
X
~¡$:
PLATE 1. InacUve mines of the Folsom Lakewalershed.
..
VAlJE'l
VIEW
LEEND
l
.. iJ~~~~~
-(
_,._.s-iG(1""
lo_
o
_
~_mo..~ømJ;
....~. ~~l""-i
X ...m
PUTE 2. Inactive MInes 01 th Sear River / Dry Creek watershed.
7
SlERAA
lilb,onolll.O
¡uvæ
Lo lDl"li!
i-ii:i¡,sr AKE
. A SIERRA a\J
o
:x
o
51,rro Cl1y
Cf"Q:td liivl l)t 0
I
SFANlSH l,
1/
,i-"o,hlnglo"
0
Sls
""vodo C ll~
r.
~¡1ij
CHAPIOW
Lake
W~à"'Olti
n.ry~U ii I. ,pi
0.ß
FiBI
't. -r ßANliR
c.
;'1,
'3
PLA"Æ 3. Inactive mines oj the Middle Fork, Yuba Riiier Walershed
l
UõGëUD
'X illlm£
.. IiwS.lITIA..~J~~
.."IK~if~$~~
oi.l.~
o Ol/T
_~_l"""..ci."
._.~, _uw:mAlI..~
II
tl'
..
l'
PLATE 4. inactive mlnas 01 the feattir RIer watershed.
8
R"servoi
o
I R I.er
GOLDEN lAGLE
Chi..
0
X
o PQl"tJdì~t
.
,
,
.
.-
,",
.
,
,
,
Silva Flal
Ros.rvoir
l
l.GeND
'X "K¡si
-( "'HE.Nil'rs.c:IJO~
.. l.OiAlii.I_O_'
. ......llOQ'..,¡O
o lln_
R""m£__"'
,.....:-' ~=lUa'mJi~li;c1lG
PLATE 6. Inactive mines 01 the Pil Riiier watershed.
PLATE 5. Inaclh/B mInes of the aulle Creek watershed.
If ~i
d i:è
it n
i:II
EUliU
m
.sIt
¡¡
~ ~H~h~
:i
GI
~ "VIIDoH
~'"
7i
.rii
W
c;
-
-.
"
g¡
i:
E
ii
:;
~..
.E
i.
w
~-i
g.
.0
9
A GLADSTNE
r;:i'':: 0
.. ltll~££í,~~
ooi.!liJrrl'w.~~
c iUl.AG~t
o em""
~fi~lM~O~
....~~E~EF:i~~~
ffO J ,ct C Ill!
o
10gotO,,'7
'TOMPSON.
XI
(/ . AFFlrHOUGH
I
I
$I
.1
.
'T
.
""""
ROI,IlD BOTTM
¡.
PLATE 8. lniictlve mines of the Upper Sacramento River watershed.
..
"
--
-
'"
1:
""
""
~
cn
'0
.rClCI
i
.
,:;CD
0f..
1-
"0
.
:l.
.
i
i
..
~
i
0
ft
.
~
,
i
;;
,,l
,
,
-
¡¡
.x
.,
l!
(.
:;
i:
:l
i
0
tiCD
~
*
'" i
G,
-iG ,
Q
-f¡ t
ci
CI
~
:i
:¡
,"
,
. '"
i' -
'"
,
~
l!
.~
/1
" ~.,.l
10
'"
.. .l
o~Xi.
:::i
II ~ "t-'
Ë
Iil ifii
~..
U !IIl
Ht. i
w
l!11~
~~l l
.:1
Cl
i:
i.. I
il
~ ¡.yyøot~¡
tI
.5
G!
~
-i
ii
l i
LEGENll
X uNttm
.. W'AOruSEI~i:ll OlSAAGf
-( Y1""".U'.SW1HAO=E
$ &.Ultaol..i
cnYfTO'i
f'fVfF prat Cj¡¡~eTON
£~Pi1!Yf(,,I~t:T'
OAiHll.l.
ÉXSIOH
:x
rOVON
OATHllL
GRANIIDA
A
Á
X
"
/j
:'J
x.
AElA
X
AlfA
EXTENSION
o R,IM Spring'
.;
PLATE 10. Inacl!ve mines Qr ltil Lake aerryessa, Pope Creek walershed.
'X
j
-
MAHA1'
KNOXVlLJ
-..
'X
o
ç.""
x
i:e¡ CHEf
l
nlddIO\Oo.O
'X
ila
E
~
INUH
GREAT l- ..-;.'"
WEi,l1¡aH ....,
.....co..
.'
....;ii
+
LEGEND
._-
.( wll_l$.~oi
"'
-i"'.-'-o Cl
X w..nm
-fWTJlWll~
...........
~int-A DÆCT
PLATE 11. InactIve mine 011le uke Serie5$li, Putah creek waerSleà.
11
ELGIN ;",;/
Alison
..~
CENTRAL
È.
!
WIDE AWAKE 'X
ì
..
:J
,
u;c£Nn
I
x ~~
.0 w.lHADI1..CCi~D~
-(
_Al.~C_£
tt!iB.~
o cifT/ftw
ReED
Davis Cie1k
-i
1I1M~ DIf
~'"...~.. lftYllSlfliw:Æ¡UJ.TKlU
Jf -.,.. ñ) - - "
x
HARRISON
PLATE 12. llictive mines of the Cache Creek watershed.
12
R...rV~
CONT
-'
'..
R£C!lV1NG WillEtt SEQUENCE
Folsom Lake (7.5)
Canyon Cr - MF Amrican Riv - GeorgétOwn
i sh
21 sixteêl1 to one
20 Kenton
19 San Juan
18 span
17 Malakoff Diggin's
16 Chllmp'ion
Fer West Lake
Wolf Cr - Wolf Cr -
(7.5)
R6E
A9, AU
See i6~35 spencevl llc CUi
poormån Cr - SF yuba Rfv . Alleghany (15)
Nevada
R10E
Iliv
KBnaka Cr - MF Yuba Riv . Yuba Alleghany (15)
R10Ë
At t egl1any
see 34 11911 Alleghany
Kanoke cr . MF Yuba R; v Yuba A llegheny (15)
Sierra
Sierra
Set: 4 1"18N
See 12 THN North Slln
Juim
R71!
Sec 31 ¡18N Ya~hingtDn
Ri1E
See: 4 118M
R10E
lliV
sweetlal' Cr - Yuba Iliv french
(7.5) Corral
Nevaa
Yuba Rlv
H\.f: Cr - south Yubå River Alleghany (15)
Nevaa
NINllda
yes
yes
no
yes
yes
unk
unk
all mill,
no
Au Arsenopyri te
All ClU¡rti.
chaicopyri te
AU, cu Auriferous sulfides,
yes
yes
nO
yes
yes
cyanide flant,
Stamp ml \ I
Blarit
nknown
flotation
1SB9
1861
10 Stamp mill, 1883
plllnt
Hotiition
tube mil,
40 stamp mi \ L ,
Pyrite, chalcopyrite, galenii yes
Ilone
cyanid.. pliint
Stamp mi It,
sphiiler; te. gat ena
pyrite, arsenopyrite1 unk
sphaleri galena
Pyrite, ar$epopyrite, yes
1862
1904
186-
1883
1860
1894
20 stamp mi II 1865
tei I ings pond
mi ts,
cUanide plant,
2 \ 60 stamp
Sme L tlir
Cyiin i de pi ant
l,O stamp mi II
pl atlt
Mi tl and
flotst ion
Stamp mi t I
plant
flotation
Ball mil l,
flotation
~lant
Mi II
5 stii~lp mi LI
yes
no
no
un!:
DISCHRG? ONSITE PROCESS -UP
PERENNIA( ~
pyrite, ch9leopyrite, galena no
cu, Ba BarÎ te
Au
See 111.12 Nevada city Au
yubá Riv . YUba Rlv
Ti6N RvE
R9f
li ttl.e Deer Cr - Deer Cr . SF Col fiii( OS)
See 16 T16N Nevada City AU
R9E
See 26 116N Grass Au
RaE i:ree~
nSNRoE
H2:ì04
See 35 T16" sulpnur HQ
little tUppr tr - cUppr Cr Colfax OS)
D~ér Cr . YUOIl Rlv Nevada
(15) City
te
Gossan, chaicopyrite,
pyrite, bornl te
C i nniiba r
See 21 T14N OBi ry Farm cu, Coppr sut fides
Nevada
. little Creenh~rn Cr ·
Greenhorn Crk - bear Riv
Atsehopyrlte,
~6E Au, As pyrite, zinc sulphides
Au
pyrite
pyrite
CU, Au Chblcopyri te, pyrroti te,
Au
pyrite
hemtite, sCheellte, pyrite
See 13 T13N Dairy farm cu, Chaicoprite. cuprite,
R1 IE
See 6 T1 1N
R10E
Sec 34 T12N Foothill
R10E
Sec 3 T121l
1121l R~OE Valley
Au
Ag
RaE
Valley
See 28 T16U Nevada City Au
Grass Valley
(15)
a.5)
Câmp I'lli' blest
Hill
Set .27 34 Garden
1l9E
See 3 n11l
T111l RBE
pyroxeni te, garni eri te
W. Foothill Cv,Au, Chl'lcopyri te bornl te,
Sphalerite, pyrite,
See 29 ¡1 IN W. Foot"i il Cu,Au,
chmlcopyri te, selene
211
RaE
chromite, dunitei
Cr
Sees 21, 28 Flagstaff
eri, hemat i te
te,arsenopyrite,st ibni te,esl
Cu, Au pyrlte,chelcopyrite,spheleri
DUCT ORE MINERALOGY
Ublf Cr . Rear RiV Grass
(15)Valley
Bear RiV
little
RiV
littlø Dry Cr - DrY Cr . Bear
temp
~
Nevada
9levada
Ilevada
1S B80Mr Ilevada
** WATERSHEO : Yuba River
14 Uva Cilp
131daho-Haryland
12 E~irE!
11 SpevH le
Placer
Camp Far West
Lineoln (7.5)
Folsom Lake (7.5)
ELDorado Ròek CrGO~ - SF Amt i can R I v - Garden Valley
It'"
C'r - Dutch cr -Sf Amriean (1.5)
9 Valley VieY Placer coonCr - Feather Riv
10 DBi ry Farm
(1.5)
Carden Vall ey
colom a.5)
a.5)
pilot 1m I
(1.5)
Pilot Hill
(1.5) R10E
Shingle Springs See 3 T12M foothill
El I)rodo J.ittleSeHor Cr - B;g saHor Garden \falley
** WATERSHED i Sear niver/Dry creek
B Alhaftre
7 EI Dorado
E.l Dorado
ELDorado Johntown Cr - Dutch Cr - SF
!\rica" Rlv . Folsom take
5 'Black Oiik
6 GeorGiB Sl ¡de
El Dorado ~astlngs Cr - SF American Rlv
. fol£îOl lake
El Dorado l1F Amèrh:an Illv . FOlsom Lake
E I Dorado Folsom Lake
4 L ilyama
3 PilI ikan(areàS t.I 1)
Z Big Buzzard
1 FUnnyl:g Ël Dorado \lèberFolsom
tr . SF
American Rlv .
Lake
** ~ATERSHEO : Folsom LaKe
I D MIllE NIIME
ia
TITLE (MINUTES) RANGE DISTRICT
U~GS GOADRANGLE ~p-
CHAIlCTEIHsilcs. 1/
Table IV-1. SACRAMENTO VAllEY l~Ai:TIVE MINE
ll Yuba Riii - Yuba Rìý
NF Yuba Riv - Yuba Riii
sierra
Sierra
,i
i-
i'lums
~e& - Lake Almmnr Rl0E
shsstii
Dunsmuir OS)
Dunsmui t (15)
NF shotgun Cr - Saeté~nto Riv Dunsmuir (15)
- shasta lake
Sacramnto Riv . Shasta lake
R iv - Shasta lake
Indian Cr - Castle Cr -
41 Coggins Shasta
Shasta
LIttle Castle Cr - Sacramento
,,5)
1l1lycl!lun
See 22i27 Dunsmuir
137N R:i\.
See 16 T38N Dunsmuir
MW
R4W
See: i (, T3811
no
un!,
unk
no
unk
yes
unk
110
unk
yes
yes
yes
aler~te,gBlena
eii
Cu,Ag
Cr Ch;-omi te
None No.'1e
Cr
Chal copyr i te, borni te
chalcopyrite. galena
Cu, Au Pyri te, sphBleri te,
cu, Au Chalcopyri te, Borni te
chslcopyri te, bornite
no
no
no
no
no
yes
no
CU Epidote, ~arnet, pyrIte, no
ri te,pyrroti te, en leoc i te, sph
18B1
1£175
1913
None
chrOOite mi li
t"i IL and
cyanide plant
pllll't
oil flotation
1942
Stamp mi I i and 189-4
5 stamp mill
unknown
mill, crusher
Flot~t ion 1915
plant, ball
1860
60 stamp mi i I 1851
None
ball mitt
10 stamp mil l,
cyanide mil I,
cyanide mi It
Rod mi i L ,
Unknown
Uone
DISCIIRG1 ONSITE PROCESS 'UP
~ ~
cu, Au Chalcopyrite,tetrahedrite,py yes
See 137 T36W Haydl! Hill Au
R9E
Mtn Meadows Cr - Mtn Meadows ~estwood (7.5) See 29 T2eN
OroýH i e lake
Lll!:en
** WAtERSHED : Shasta Lake
43 forest Queen
Gènessee
Feather Riv . NF Feather Rlv . R11E Creek
40 Golden Eagle lassén
42 Castella
See 28133
T2711 R f1E
See 14 T26~ Genessee
R11E
Lights Cr - Indian Cr - EBNF Greenville (15) See 17 T27N lights
Rlv
Silva Flat Reservoir - EF
Juniper Creek - Pit River
** WATERSHED : Pit River
39 Mountain Meadows
38 superior-Ehgel
Cr - EBNF feather - NF Feather (15)
Peters Cr - L.ights 1:1' -Iriilin Kettle Roclc
EÐllF Feather - NP Feather Rlv
~eather . NF Feather Kiv (7.5)
Kosselkers Cr - i.ndian Cr (7.5)
T251lRilE
See 14123 Genessee
Sec 7 T24N Genessee
R12E
P luras
P\ums
WF Davis. Cr - Davis Cr- Geneseé Valley
Plums
Fliiittie\" Iti v - OroviH e lake
- E.BlI~ Feat"l!r Rlv - NF a.5)
Lfttle Grllzly Cr - Indten Cr Mt. Ingalls
LalcéOl"ovH Le
35 Rewiird fl7
37 lueky S
Malachite, azurite,
Pyri te, chaleopyri te,
arsenopyr ¡ te, 98 leon
Andes i te
Malae" ite, chalcopyri te
tll1lrti
galena, pyrite, chlorl ite,
serpntine
TtlytorirCr - Indian Cr . EBIlF Greimvn le (15) See 34 T25M lByLorsvlll cu,Ag, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite
Werder' Indian Cr - .EBNF Genesee VaHey
36 Beardsley
Cu
Feather Riv - Nf feather Rlv - R10E e Au
lake
llîh orovH te R7E
QrovHle Mountsin (15) R5E
UUlow Cr . MF Feather Illv - Buch.iiike' (15) See 34 T23N
FrB~ier Cr - NF Feather Riv - BIS, Bend See 8 T21M
Oroiiille Ll'ke (15) t2211Ri1E
Ao
Jømison Cr - Mf Feather Rlv ~ Downieville See 23126 Johnsville Au
little Botte Cr - Gutte Cr' Paradise (1.5) See:3 T2211
pllimas
Plums
PI UlS
Butte
R12E
R1ZE
See 19 T2011 Sierra city Au
See 29 T2011 Allegheny Au, As
Sec 12 120M Allegheny Cu
R12E
R12E
See 1 T20M At teghany Au
1110E
See 1 T18N Alleghany Au
See 23 T21N
R9E
T19N RiOt:
Audferous Ilrscntlpyrfte,
DUCT onE M1NERAlOGY
~
see 171 Downieville Au
sacramento Riv R3E
Sièrra City
C1S)
(15)
Sierra City
(15)
Sierra City
(15)
Sierra City
34 Walker
33 I ron Dyke
32 Cliini Guleh
31 Big Bend
30 Plums-EureKa Plums
** WATERSHED : reather RiVer
29 MineraL 51 ide Butte
II Yub'Rili - YUba Riii
IIF Yuba Riv - Y~ba Riii
Yubi Ri" Yub Riv
YI. Rív - Yuba Rlv
Buekeye Raviné - WoLf Cr - MF AUeghari (15)
Sierra
Sierra
** WATERSHED : Butte Creek
28 Coluio
27 Sierra Buttes
26 Zuver
2S Sierra Hómestake
sierra
Päts nulch - Slate Cr - MF La Porte (1.5)
Yuba
23 pick & shoveL
24 pIUlago
Yaoruff Cr - NF Yuba Riii - Goodears Bar
Sierra
22 Brush creek
Yubs R iv (7.5)
RE:CEIVING \.inER SEQUEWCE
TITLE (MINUTES) RANGE DISTRICT
USGS QUADRAN ~p-
CllARACTER I 5T I CS.
Table IV.1. SACRAMENTO VALLEY INACTIVE MlijE
CONTY
ro
i 0 MINE NAME
2
n
,.
Wast saua~ cr - Shasta lake
West Squaw Cr . shasta Lake
West Squaw Cr . shasta lake
Little Backbone Cr - shasta
Shasta
shasta
Shasta
shasta
46 Keystone
47 Early Bird
(15)
Olney Cr . Sacramènto Riv Redding (7.5) Seei(SW
17 131N
Andrews Cr . Ctear Cr - French Gulch See 18i19
Sbcrllmênto
Rlv (15) T31M RoY
Andrêws Cr -clear Ct . french Gulch See 18,19
Shastll lake c R5W
Harrison nùlcn . Ml Cottonwood Chenchenulla Pic see 3i4
cr . cottonwood Cr - (15) ¡29M R10W
HFBeé!lùiCr - 13é!l!lUl tr - ÐubakêllB Mtn See 5 T281l
Shasta
Shasta
Shastli
Sliiistä
60 Yankee John
66 Nol:lé ELettric
Tehama
er.S)
!iF Elder Crlr . Sllcramimto Riv Riigl in Ridge
(7.51
Raglhi Ridge
R7W
See 17 125N
R7W
See 17 125N
cottonwood Cr . Sacramto Riv (15) R10W
Sacramento Riv
Sacramento R1v, (15) T31N R6Y
65 Grall Tehama !iF Etder cr - Sacramento Ìliv
** ~ATERSHED : Stony Cr f elder Cr
64 Roun Bot tom
63 MidìlS
62 sHVèr fallii
61 White Star
Shasta
Olney Cr - Sacramento Riv . Reding (7.5) See 8 T~1N
Shasta
59 JeL
(15)
Platina
Gulch
llarri son
19o
Cr - WhiSkeytown lake (15) R7\ Gulch
S1gel'amento Riv
58 Greenhorn
57 i ron Moiintllin
i33N R6\
Vi llow Cr . crystal tr . Clear French cGulch See: 31 133M French
SèC 34,35 Y. Shasta
R4W
T33M 1!i:1J
See 34 133M E. Shasta
See 10L'1 E. Shaßta
R6~ Gulch
spliileri te
Pyrite, chalcopyrite,
bOrn i te, quartz
Pyrite, chalcopyrite,
Spla Lori te, chalcopyri te
sphalerl to, arsenopyrl to
Quertz, pyrite, galena!
Chalcopyrite
cr
Cr
Cr
Au
I i:e
ChrOli te. serpent Ino
ChrOli te. serpent i ne
ch rOl
Quartz
pt,rite.
c ,a lcopyrite
spha erite,
M,AU ietrahedritet galena,
I\g,Cd eliali:oci te
CU,AU, pyrite, chaicopyrite,
/\u,Ag
cu.ln,
l\u,Cd
cu
CU,ln,
Au
Cu
See 18 133M ~rench
sphalerite
CU,zn, Coppr sulfides
cu
Au,M
Sec \3 133N Il. Shasta
'R6W
Pyrite, chalcopyrite,
sphalertite, galena,
covell ite
Ag,
CU,Zn,
Cd,Au
CU,Zn, pyri te, chalcopyri te,
ln,
CU,
Cu, Zn Chalcopyri te
Ag,Zn
Cu,Au, copPr sulfides
tetrahedrite, born; to
pb,Ca chalcopyrite, galena,
totrahedrite borni te
cu,ZnJ Pyrite, ßphalerite,
Pb,Cd chalcopyrite, galena,
CU,in, Pyrite, sphalerite,
Au
Y. shasta
--
DUCT ORE MINERALOGY
~
sec i8 T34M W. shasta
RSIl
134'1 RSW
Sac 29 30
R6\.
Shasta
Freneh Gulch
(1.;)
Project City
MiUvUle (15)
(15)
Frene:h Gutch
(7,5)
Shasta Dml
Líimoi ne (15)
Lamoine (15)
LamoHie (15)
II. Shasta
See 32 T33M IJ. Shasta
See 1 T33N
R6i.
Shasta Dall
a,5~
R61J
See 12 133" Y. Shasta
MY
(7.5)
shasti Dam
(15)
frencli Gulch
Spring Cr -' keswick Res -
EF StHHlllter Cr - Stillwater
Cr- Sllctamento I'iv
Saeremto IIi"
Riv
L itHêÇow C.r .. eow Cr -
R6W
See 10 T33" W. Shasta
See 14 T33N W. Shasta
freneh Gulch
(15)
See '5~21
T34l1 R i.
90LHbokka Mtn
E. shasta
E. Shiista
13411 R
See 16~2
(15)
BolUbokkli Mtn
TITLE (MINUTES) RANGE DiST~ICT
USGS QUADRANGLE ~Hip-
CHÄRACTERr Sf i CS.
Table IV-'. SACRAMENTO VAllEY INACTIVE MINE
Shasta
Shasta
Shiita
lJiskeytow lake - SII1'8mento
Shasta 1:1 ine Golch . C1êar Cr -
Shasta Spring Cr - Sacramento RI~
Lake
Lake
Sacramento in,,_ Upl"
55 Afterthouht
56 Thorson
54 Gladstone
53 stOWlL
"... WA TEl(SHED :
52 Golinsky
51 Sutro
50 MèIth
49 Shastll King
48 llalBldiita
litUe Backbo Cr - shasta
West Squw Cr - Shasta lake
Shasta
Shasta
Horse Cr - Shasta Lake
Shasta
45 Rising star
Shasta
Town Cr - Shiista lake
Shasta
44 BUlly Hill
lake
Li ttle Backbone Cr - Shasta
REtelvtNGYAfER SEQUENCE
1 Ð MUlE IIAME
cooim
ro
3
PEREIIIW\L - 'S
no
no
yes
no
yes
no
no
unk
yes
yes
no
yes
no
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
yes
Unknown
cyanide pLant
20 stamp mill,
Unknown
pliint
sedimenteti on
plant
Coppr
mil I, cyen; de
FLotation
Unkiiwn
plant, smelter
Flotllti on
30 stamp mi \ L
Unknown
near Kennett
19'5
1900
1879
19D3
Smel ter 4 1900
mi i es away
Coram
SmeL ter near '890
IJnkno~r!1
plant
flotation
Smel ter, 1860
5m1 ter, 1860
flotat ion
plant
DISCHRG? eNSITE PROCESS -UP
Gtenn
Glenn
COOY
sui fur Cr . Bear Cr - Cache cr Wilbur spri ng
Grizzly canyon - Hiirhiy Gulch Wi lbu Springs
wHbcr Spri ngs
(15)
Knoxville (.15)
Col usa
Lake
Loke
sulphur cr - Bear Cr . Cathe Wi lbur Spring
Colusa
Davis Cr . Cache cr
Oiivis tr - Clchê Cr
Yolo
Yoto
- ci!e creek
Grizzly Canyon - Harley Gulch
85 Andrson
84 Big injun
83 Ilh;¡ Chief
82 Coppr Prince
81 \led i: ephal't
80 Manhattan
aear CBny~n Cr . putah Cr .
Anderson Cr . putah Cr . Lake
Lake
lake
Bèrryessa
lake. Berryessii
ll!!rt~s8a
~nderson Cr . putah Cr . Lake
pi.tah Cr . lake BerryeSSa
Putah Cr - Lake BerryesS8
Jer.tcho Cr - lIi.tiig .Cr .
Beri-yeasii
IIl1ting Cr . Putah tr - lake
LIIKe
Lllke
Napa
Napa
79 KnoxviHCl Wapl Knoxville
tr - Eticuera Cr Lake Betryessii
Pines (7.5)
Uh i Sl'èri og
P ¡nes (7.51
\I i sperhi9
Pines (7.5)
Yhisperiíi
p'hies (1.5)
Uhispertng
05)
(1~D
I.orgiin Valley
Morgan Vlllley
Horgan VaHey
(15)
Knoxvl He (15)
. Càche Cr (15)
(15)
sulfur tr . Bear cr - Cache Cr Wi lbur Spring
(15)
suipiur tr - Bear Cr - Cache Wilbur spring
Beer Cr . Cache tr (15)
WF sulphur Cr . sulphur Cr. Wi lbur Spr ins
Coluse
coiusa
colusa
Ch~Ol¡
ChrOlÎ te
no
no
RBW
See 35 T1111 Mayacmiis
RBW
See 35 11111 Meyacms
R8W
See 35 T11N Miiyecmas
1l7W
Sec 19 "1'111
~5\.
See 3 1111l Knoxvlll e
RS\J
See 1 n1ll
R4W
See 1 T1111 Knoxville
R51J
See 35 T12N
Hg
1\9
119
Cu
119
119
119
, pyrite
no
Cinnabar, pyrite, calcite yes
Cinnabar no
Cinnabar no
Azurite. malachite, sulphide unk
c i nnl'bnr
Cinnabar
un\:
no
unk
YeS
no
no
no
R5ti
C; nnaba!"
Cinnabar
cinnabar
i:innebar
no
no
unk
yes
Hg
119
119
Hg
su ph
H!l(AU, Cinnabar
9 cinnabar
ur
~,sui Cinnabar
and
1875
1863
1873
'892
1863
furnace!
furnace
0- retoti:
!'Ipe retort
Rotary ki ln 1916
!loury furnace
furnace
rotary p' pe
0- retort i
Scott furnace. 1862
eycl on dus t
coUector
rotary kiln,
pIp: furnace
Scott furnace, 1862
furnace, smat L
Large Scott
furnoc;e
mi lls, retort
Hunt: mlton
Sta~ and
Retort
lJ-Retort
rotary
severa L
;) Scott
furnaces,
Knox-Osborne,
Mon!!
DISCHRG? ONSI1E PROCESS -UP
PHlENllU\L --~-- nm
R5W
Creek
See 2S 11211 Knoxvi lle
See 32 114M sulphur
R5W creek
Sec 32 T141l SUltiur
R5W
R5W
Creek
See 29 T1411
See 26 11411 SulP\ur
R6W
Creek
See 29 T1411 sultiur
R5W
Creek
see 29 T1411 sultiur
R5W Creek
See 13 T14tl Sulpnur
HighlandS (7 .5) R~ su phu
r
Cr (15)
Cr . (5)
C i eliI' lake
Oráin
~eservoit - Stony Cr . colusa
Cr
Cr
DUCT ORE MINERALOGY
~
--",- -,",=-'
clearlake See 6 T13N Clear lake H9t Cinnabar, marcasite, pyrite no
R7W
Watson Cr . Griiistone Cr . Clr~ (1.5)
Ston.Gr - a tatk Butte
Sec 25 T22N
R7\
_ stony tr - ¡;oltlSl' Oral ri
Creak - Black Butte Reservoir
See 25 T22N
TITLE (MINUTES) RANGE DistinCT
USGS QUADRANGLE roP-
CIIRACTERISTICS.
Table IV-'. SACRAMENTO VALLEY INACT IVE MINE
Heif.er Cii cr - WI' stony Chrom (7.5)
RECEIVING ~TeR SEQUENCE
.. WATERSHED : Lake BerryessB,putah
78 Harrison
n Reed
76 Turkey Run
75 IItt
0' 74 Wi de Awake
I- 73 central
72 "'amanita
7t Eimlre
70 Elgin
69 Sut fur Bank lake
*~ WATERSHED ; Cache Creek
68 Slack Oi~mbnd
61 Grey Eagle
i 0 MUlE NAME
ii
4
St. ~ßrys Creek - St. Hel enii
liike
~ 94 Toyon
93 Grenada
92 Aetna
91 Qat iiit l Extension
90 Aetna Extensl òn
Jeme!!. Cr - Pope l:r . lake
Napa
Reservoir (7.5) R6W
Detert See 34 T10M H8yacmas
Reservoir (1.5) R6Y
Datert See 34 T10M Mayaemas
Reservoir (7.5) R6Y
Oetert See 3 t9H
Rêservoir (7.5) R6Y
Detert See 27 T10N MaY6Cmas
Reservoi r (7.5) R6W . Springs
Detert See 34 T10H Aetna
Reservoir (7.5) R6Y
Detert See 33 T10M Mayeemas
~
CInnabar, pyrIte
yes
Hg
IIg
"g
Hg
IIg
119
IIg
Cinliiib9r
Cinnabar
C i maber
Citiabar
Cinnabar, ml lleri te
Cinnabar, calcite, pyrite
sulphide
chromlte) mil erlte (nickel
Cinnabar, ser\entine,
no
no
no
no
no
no
yes
mines areally located on Figure IV.i. Mineral formulas, names, and abundances iii can be found
in Table F-l.
to
1937a~b, 1936a-b. 1942, 1946, 1947a-b; and CSM:a, 1918, 1915, 1916. Map Identification Numbers correspond
, Scottl
1ß73
S!l n furnace
110m
fUrfllces
2 ll-retort
furMce:, mill,
rotiiry
scott furmicc,
rotary fumace
1864
SCQtt Furnace, 1867
furnace
Rotnry pipe 1902
furnaces
Scott and pipe 1895
furnaces
furnace, 4
1)- retort
and Ilerreshot f
Br ic1:
DISCHRG7 OilS! TE PROCESS -up
mt mt
IIg, cu Cinnabar. serpentine, pyrite yes
119
DUCT ORE MINERALOGY
1/ ThemiiienlIogÎcal cbaracteristics of the mine.'iwcre taken from DOM, 1957; DMG, 1966, 1970a-b; GJMG, 1956,
lIerryessa
Jams Cr - Pop Cr - Liike
Berryessa
Napa
Berrye!lse
James Cr - Pope Cr - Lake
Berryesiiii
Ja1'esCr - Pope Cr - Lalce
Berryessa
James Cr - Pope Cr . take
Berrye!îsa
Jiimes Cr - Pope Cr . lake
Napa
lIapa
Napl
Hops
Reservoir (7.5) R6~
88 Twin PeaKs Nape BatemnCr,
- Jbmes Cr - Pope
Cr - Lake 6erryiissa
Detert See 4 T9M M!lyacmas
ReservoIr (7.5) R6W
89 Oat lIil L
Miiyaèma
Detert See 32 T10N Mayacmas
(1S) T1DN RIW
Mount SL Melena See 16~~7
USGš QUADRANGLE TUIPTITLE (HI~TES) RANGE DISTRICT
Table IV-1. SACRAMEnTO VAllEV INACTIVE MINE
CtlAlll\CTEIH STl CS.
87 Corona' Napa James Cr
- Pope Cr - lake
Berrye1l9B
Berryes&1l
Creek - Putah Creek . Lake
RECEIVING YATER SEQUENCE
COUNTY
** WATERSHED : Lake Berrye9911,Pope
lIesterntold/neli
86 Great
i 0 MUlE NAME
I\
5
Table IV.2.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SACRAMENTO VALLEY MINE DRAINAGE OR DRAINAGE INfLUENCED STREAMS SAMPLED
(AVERAGES FROM TABLE t-l AND C'2).
9 Valley View
427 0.11 1.70
75
5,500
170 123,500
39
650 245,000
..iO
660
15.5 7.08
3.1
0.18
"'1 375
"';;
.:4 299
"',
.09
229 8.13 6.66
1,9
.:0.1
~1 4:1
..1 2
..
4:4 11
.:1
4.7
..5
.. 19
..1
0.16
"5
..4 11
"'1
1.5
"'5
44 41
.:1
19
21
.:1
37
1 Î Spencevi lle 2/
12 (Nevada Co.)
275 5.86 ì .60
14 Lava Cap
2.26
16 Champian
176 21.9 6.'52
17 Malakoff Oi99n'5
18 Spani sn Upper
16 to 1
68 2.30 5.67
240 2.92 3.50
0.2
57
0:1
0.7
4.5
.:0.1
.:i 193
3.8
5.3
16
6.2
1 267
2.
",o. ¡
83
22 lJ rush Creek
..1 1
34 21
i
1 10
.:,
2.05
29
2,050
"'5
..10
.:1 .:0.030
"',
87
.:1
.:5 137
14
;:1 O. O~
2.2
2
.:5 15
.:10
.:1 0.0&5
'C0.1
2.5
"1
.:4
0(10
"'i "0.03
0(1
n.1
-:1
250
"'5 ,,4
10
130 3.64 6.04
0(2
2.7
-:1
T.
44 Sully Hi II
0.85 4.30
.:2
248
..1
5,053
45 Rising Star
2.66 3.30
865
130
:3
3,100
46 Keystone
Z.15 3.18
78
9,658
47 Early Bird 11
0.17 2.50
487
99,365
116,400
48 Balaklala Main
3.SS Vii
320
42
'09,463
18.,800
27,692
172,308
49 Shasta King 11 Upper 37
0.3 2.25
0.15 2.20
300 level
0.04 1.79
2.09 2.16
23 Pick & Shovel
126 2.21 6.28
1.5
.:0.1
24 PI uiiibigo
235 3.27 7.90
264
.:0.1
28 Columb
166 31 7.01
0.8
0.55 7.34
34 We lker
37 lucky'S
0.28 2.71
\.ei I
Lo¡.er
:;0 Maimoth
Gossen #2
51 sutro 31
F ri da.y'-towden
9.63 vn
Uppr
i.7 3.80
8.13 6~80
Middle
lower
Stowell
58 Greenhom Ilorth
Middle
South
183
70
II
1.5
17.3
i 00 31
166,675
104,920
6,547
~50 31
1.26 ~.48
31
4,625
17.9
147 3/
8,72U 3/
213
1,008
883
257,475
11:9iO
410
387
188
1.06
0.23
0.45
24
27,035
29.6
6,615
26.8 3/
93,000
"C1 104 3/
19¡46tl.
..1 125 '3/
2 14,000
518 807 2.80
44
94
11 3,077
91 32
20 12
0.04 i.3.4
0.49 5.16
0.05 5.74
10S
10 :69,333
30 137 160,000
424
171
135
8
665.
2..75
..1 2,450
19.2
24.2
25 1,3.8
1 ,210
12,413
16,705
61:200
960
107
309
i53 3/
58 900
63,800
0.86 2.90
30,000
340
"' 890
..1 29
.:5
.:
.:$ ..4
4,600
.:5 ..4
6
..1
,,5 -:4
.01
..1
.:1
i 1450
.:1 rzo
6.7
;:1
,,0.1
.;1 200
.:1 ..¡
0.19 7.83
0.16 6.33
..1
-;0.1
3 .c1
59
..0.1
46 .;1
-:5 1.200
20
0.14 6.n
0.5 6.61
3~3
"0.1
4.3
9
.:1 1S
-c 107
.:5 92
156
73
.:1 7.00
.:1 2.70
91
172
0.33 7.36
,,1
..0.1
4 1
.. 34
15
.:1 0.79
2.5
0:.1
.00.1
33
0.5
lil "1
.:5 2,950
..5 9,350
43
197
\.ater tunne L 120
0.3 7.40
2.87 5.73
143
0.24 0.30
"1
0.13
5.7 ..1
.:5 1,800
29
.., S3
"1 250
.:1 15
o
76 Turkey :Run
94
77 Reed
West
East
.85
86 Great Western
87 Corona
1,450
64 .000
20 31
21 31
.:1 0.223 3/
13 , 315
25
62 Silver falls
85 Anderson
334
349
31 24
45 12
..1 25
298
0.88 3/ 2.70
55 Afterthoo.gli
, spri ng Creek Oebris Dam 5/
20 3/
19.2 6.5
52 Gol insky 31
53
320 31
.:5 .(
'" 1
Main
88 Twin Peaks
,,1
9.3
12.5
,,0.1
..
,ientot.
I ost'p 1.9 iiverai¡e.
21 Below mine in LIttle Dry Creek.
3/ 1981.86 data.
18
graphs. ~Gant sU~senite
indi~te tht arsenic is present larl?ely in the less toxic +5 state based on
(As +) is 1 to 2 orders of magmtnde more toxic to aquati organs
the arsen8te (As .¡~) species (Moore and
19&4).
R.amamooy,
Other mies in IDe Sierra-Nevada n!iie exhibited diar characteritics. The commodties mied at indidua sites
included tac (e.g., Span Mie) clo~~mies in the America River watershed), and copper (plumas
Copper ) mieral. ., were . . acidic (pH "" 4-6) and contai low to moderate levels of
most metal aiialyzed -2). An ai vent at the large iold mie, Empire, dichged slighy acidic water coai~
only nomi levels niclæi and arsenic. Chomite was mmed in the America River watershed (Figue rWl, Plate 1)
usínß bO. th surace and widergrouid extacton tccques, aloug waer poDded in the opeD pits was relatiel.Y free of
mi pollutants. Mis in the Feather Rier watershed (plu Copper Belt; Plate 4) eîit.JSI ailomalous
drag makeup. Th.mai amt at WalerMhe had, .a.t onetie, diCb bigh volumes of low pHnear
water
to th
N.
neutral
water
F. Feather River watershed (Croyle, pers. coin.). The amt was pm in and preseny releas
origitig from the raceay in t oflle . Other met were vîyabsent
contaig moderate levels of copper
in th draiage (Table IV-2). Adi outows from the Luck-S coper Mine test s1y acidic and contaed low to
moderate levels of cadmum, copper, and zic. Alough the mieralogica suys sugest ot,rwe (Table IV-L), the
high acid and iron tyica of acid mie draige w8ters was absent from Luck-S outfows Several reasoru maz
the water, and thehigb elevation (6,80 feet MSL)
expla these induilg miral morphology, residence of
in which low may e:iensÎve mineral oxidation.
In the northern Sacramento Valey, adii releaes from mies in the Shast~ Ming Distrct (map I.D. #s #'58; Plaes 7
and 8) exbited quaty conditioi:tyica of clasc acid mie dr~ - low pH and hig.-m~.tt~We-w").
degraded. High anàl
Geoioæca sureys for the area descroo the presence of masive pymc deposits tht are easily
precipitaon (40., inches/yea) alocon.trbutes to th formation and dige ofstrong1y !luted water. The orebodies
as .refld:ed in
m tbe area were very mieralogica dierse
includig
the wide rage of comp directy or indiecty mied
silver, arsenic, gold, copper, lead, and zic. Most of these metal Were alo found in. drage whiclgeneraly
coni:;red copper, iron,
and i.c m the ppm range and lead, arenic,
the
strong mådigconditions (Bh ca 500 mY; Table IV-2) keep .
and nickel ii the tens of ppb. The low pH (2-4) and
metal .În !Solution, The largest dichargig mies are
include the hOD Mt., Balakala, Keysone, and
locted around Shasta Reservoir in th West Shaa Mig Distrct and
Mamoth mine complexes.
with
Elect Grey Eagle) or mercur mines
largely eithr chomite (Gum, Nobe
Mies loced in the western footh were
shadow of Tehema
little or noadit øutow (Table IV-i). Western footh aiomitemies were locted in the rai
andG1ennrouies (plate9)ani:ílthoug, .thetopographyofthearea is stecl and mounai01i,tb absence of perennal
draiage is liely due to llited .raiå1. Fmther, pondd water in an open pit at Grey Eae ;Mme.t&t neutral andrelatively free. of metal indic.ti uneactve miner~ogy,
Inacte
weste¡r
ciabar (H) extactanmis are locted în th Cache and Put.an Creek waershed (Table
iv -1). LD.#s
Most ohhe
few ml~(niap
77,
footb
mercu
mies weedi wi:nolerenal~ge .Adit drag~ Hom a
85,86,87,88) was cl¡¡cterti 'ii upn, mçk and caates (Table iv-2). coron~:Mediargedthehiest
volumes (2-31ls rea 1/10 Cf) . el-ironponute waer wi th pIt .g;a:i.5.7. The hi iickc.1 levels
(me!:lleiup to12ppm) are~edbygep1()gicas1.ey ~ppi ii~el. ..e(p~ntldire or. mii:te) comp(
:EJPJfcó1\~~r~ s~gfuti~g~tb~~~~~~:i~f'~~:a~å~!3:nJ~~¿:gl~.?h~
cabQnates~ ~ iron levels Ilea5od in the w.te, stram coii the acidity(as pynte oidtlation) and were
~~~l:~~~1.~:~~ri:~~~d~:~Js°~e~~\!~e~:~~mïris;~£~~~~:iì.~l
iickel, suggestig that if
the W,iiterreaied UJtered,. solllepolfanswolldbeei:lubleprecpitates provide
enoiigh suracearu wa avaiable fornuleation.hon~d~fonnat0ns wer~ .fl9OOSl.rved at t\oiieslocatèQii the
Sie~.Ne~daraie (pic and Shovela.dSp~uPPeradit). Other mercu miespitb.earea (e.g, Twi Pe~ Re~)
exhöited . simdramage diaractn'locs. bul witlsmaler. oUtows. and lower. constituent li:weIS. A:cion Mie. was
aiom.~in tht fbe drage wa tesed în areducistate (Eh "" -8 mV),althoug arenicwasundèteetble or preseí1
at ver '19W iev~.
Siler was. not found in
any perennial draiage sampled (detecon lit:: "1 ppi:). . Othr work shows. min water ca
contaisier. in the pptr range h\lt tht 99 percent of :it is sorbed ta particuates and wiùtrable e.ven in low pH waers
(JQnes, 19.
B. Wastellôe Chractestics
Waste
rock material ~vated as a result .of actve mi~.operatio;m is defied as either developmen wate or tailigs
development waste caninclnde soilJ overburden, or sub-grade ore re~oved to ga acc to th
more valable ore. Taigs .includethe.alteredremaiof (lre afedt i.dergt.es pllsicaandjor clmica
treatent
to
caes,
wate rock
(U.S.EA, 1986). Mine
extact
at alost eve mievitea In m9St
the desed cnmpound(s). One or both I:es were observed
was removed from the sie
'by dumpin it ino the neares water cour. It wa apparent at tbese nis tlhi flows
durg the ray season had eroded muc of the mater away ino downtrea wate:r,and onl ;a frcton of the waste
rock
ori generaed remed on-site.
19
The soi pH of
waste site to si, rangig between 1.4 and 8.8 (Table IV-3), wi
~o apparent large-scae g trends othr th providi a representaton of th dierse makeup of ore materi
m the Sa~ento Valey. . intant~ooU5 measure of acid at one point in tie (Tu~r et al, 1987. Furer
chge m pH OCC~ from dedal.e weathenng proeses tht generate more acid, mae mmeral bound cabonates
av~l~ fOT buferu or ~!ll: Th tes needd t9 determe po~:i acdity sbi is caed net acd generatn pote
and IS dicused below. Soü I:e irelatie ease with whch me c. miate thoug or of l: waste rock pil.
Avaia~le. meta .are ~ore mobile. disolv~ ~ an ~d solution, and so, soil pH ~ be' fact~r in
detem:g the reltie waer qwi theat of siarly siz waste rock piles. To determ sie replicae
samples were collected from 10 mies and individuall ed. With the excptioo of two mies, the ina-mie si
vaabilty (cocint of vaa.tion) of 'W low,' to 13 percent (Table IV4). A.oug 2-3 replicates
ha:dly represent the tota vabilty expcted at :a od of COlitiOD atempted to obta th most. vialy
materi based on color, compoon and procein equipment. The varbiísdne completely
to si!e conditions since ~ooiroi: iep1ii:t~ p~rf~ct preci?D (Appendi A). W~te roc .materi eiit a
diparte
relatiely homogenous aC1d content may indicate that acid lS dc.iocfrom source matenal and ditributed thougout
mean .tht tbwate roc coiiP.IDon itself is hom~~iUs
wi
li for
the pile dur period of saaton. It ca alo simply
respect to pH inuenci materi Sixeen of 52 saples tested at pH 4 or les which is considered the divi .
defi £ waste as "acid-toxic' (Sobek et al, 1978). From a recevi waer.staidpomt. other factors such as slope, water
contact, metal more important in caus impacts, and therefore, soil is one of many factors used
to assess what may from wate :rock material
Mercur levels were highest at foothl merClld-i It.wa dicwt the age of parcu. waste
materi but the hiest levels between the mercur ins teted (0.2-140 glkg, dW; Table IV -3).y be reflve of older
Cacìe, the leftover ore afer
operations (mid.i80s) that were less effcient at extactig mercu from tleciar ore.
beat extctIon, was collected at most of !:e mies as part of th study and bad some of the hiest levels of mercur.
Pipe fuac and retort equipment used to extact merci were ~parently very inffcient. at one site, free mercur was
with an oftleother metal which were high
copper). The intra-site vabilty of waste rock metal
found in the .cacie ta. There were no other str . pli trends
::t=~o~ti'~~~Klf:a~~i~;~~:~~n;e;dff.~~=.l~:,~-;a,=i~k
vaable between mmesites (up to 4 orders of m. or
materi indicates that
site nwoff ca pose a substantial water qwity theat.
from -48 to 11 tons of cacium cæbollàte
seven representave saples raned
The net acid generaton potental (NAGP) of
needed to nental 100 tons of materi (the .aIount of mater in an 8l'proiåte acre-foot rSobek et al., 19Sl;Table
be formed beyooâ wha inerent buferi compomidš could
lV-S)o Positie values indicate il ~ndency for acid to
neutr. The
mÎ.eral. A
ret meaures th fipaentiah)famaterial to . or neutrafacifrom tߥroduc ofl~chable
conditions that exposed soil may
good)ndicaors of
not
with pa.values above 6 are
dieson step releases aieooPounds . . .the weat
6 is neraly thougtto inilcate an acid generati material (Soek et ~.. 1978).
experien ovr time. Asoll pH below
Tb.held tr for the sample tested. in TN-5, Ðowever, soil
positive or negative NAGPmeasemenl:. Th wa aparentiiJ~/Snperior and OreyEageni with m.easyred
~eí~~e~Jt&~~.~;eil:;v(Ìsr:::b~:ri:nN:~t:~~.:u~(;~~et~.~~~~:ll~~:/~
was a complete lack ?f cOlTcl,ation between NAGPand pH due to th present liw.bilty ;Of. i.encicornpounds
under nOrmal ~t:at conditions Fuer~the test nl Rot becompleielyaccurate mpred~ pH sli which al
liely contn'butes to the lack Qfcorrclition. Soil
posite.potnti wa not lited to low pH
materi" (Sobèl et at 198), but
materi
"W a pH below 6 'Oay be
goo
Üic.tors of
EOSltI NAGP, ,alough
soil. :MatenaLwith a valiieof 5.0 or .greatis defied as "poteiiy to~c
as with pH values NAGP is only one factor in the overal assessm~nl of waste rock
20
Tabl~ IV-4. VARIABiLITY Of WASTE ROCK METALS COHCENiRAriONS AT SEVERAL MINES.
TOTAL tQNCi:JJl RATlOlI (MG/K.G. DRY IJEIGHT)
_ _._4 _. * _ ~ _ ~ * _ _ ..a.. .__. ____ _ __...._ *. _ _ __ __ ... ___ __. ___~ -.-. -~ - 9G.. ~---_.. - _$¥..
pH ARSENIC CADMIUM CHROMIUM COPPER LEAD MERCURY NIC~L SILVER ZINC
HINE
AVERAGE
. _.--- - ---- ~ -- - -~ - -- - -- -- ---- - - -----~ ~ -- - -- - -- - -- -- -- - -~-_.- ..--_. $ P. _._. - _.- _. - ._.. .....480
9.0
7.6
'l 24
189
390
14
246
"1
2.7
76
28
COV
L8
llairy farm
42
2
1\ VERAGE
14 i
47
54
60
55
50
59
67
1.2
3.B
1300
1400
440
300
3.8
3.7
9
32
16
19
10
200
710
79
"
19
i
140
2.8
54
40
. . . . _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . h *. _ .. . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - . - - - - - - - - ~ - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 455
15
370
3.8
17.9
1350
91
2.00
1.90
5
COli
Spencevi L Le
AVERAGE
COY
A ftert1iought
12.5
28
56
31
120
6.4
6.1
76
1.8
16
270
(,
0.8
43
51
1m
0.59
230
110
B8
0.7
2.7
280
13
6.2
1.4
450
150
2.2
27
26
__~ ___ __ ___ __ __ .__ _. _ __~______.Vb~___._ ___ ____~ _ ~ ~ ~_. _ ___ ~~ .*.. ~ _ _ __~_. __ - - ---- ~-~ _c ~~---148
23
4.10
152
1.26
277
15
40
1.23
2.97
67
84
71
40
4i
50
65
87
S6
9
4000
38
4.5
25
4900
7.3
1300
16
500
4.4
4600
18
6.3
9.4
3100
880
B.2
500
18
5
7.7
sao
3.8
300
5.75
~ W 590
. --- -------~- .... - -. --- -- ...... --.~-- --_...---- ... -_.~ ._- -- --- -- -_..... .--- -_.--~-_. ----- ~
AVERAGE
4.70
500
CO
6
0
on Hi U
17
6
7.75
1090
6
19
liOOO
23
17
45
5.55
14
2B
4300
7
36
..__ __ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ ________ _4 __ _ _ _. _ _ __.. _ _. __ __ ___... ...._ ___ _ __ _.. .... ..-- --- _4.
AVERAGE
cev
3.8
B i 9 Buzzard
3.1
_._ ..___ ~___ _c _"_. .._ ___.. ..... _.-- -_....-- ----- _._..----------------.- .-- - -- -- ~----- -- - --
AVERAGE
CO
3.45
10
3.5
Bully Hill
960
5050
2600
640
3_6
1200
180
22
26
3.55
690
74
24
8
14
14
3005
68
1620
60
2.8
4.4
4.9
Il
200
14
2.3
2.55
4.65
0.00
17
14
68
40
12
16
.._ .___ _~. _. _~_ __ ____. _ w.. _. _. -. -_. .-- _. -~- -~ -_. _ -- -- _
AVERAGE
CO
Corona
1
34
3.1
7.3
....- -------..-.5.2
19
4.5
1
14
. 2000
3950
--- - .-_. .._-.. ---..
n
7.5
40
87
2975
33
16
940
480
0.2
26
45
17
18
22
26
1370
350
37
0.40
31
45
35
NO
270
1300
20
24
110
8.2
220
1aoo
27
20
NO
150
- --- -_._.. - - - - _... _. -- -- --_. -_. - --. .--_..... - --- - _. ._-------_. .-- - - - --~ --- - - ----- - _.-...-AVERAGE
COy
Manani ta
10
5
"
3.1
liD
NO
50
llb
3.55
13
25
100
7.9
'10
NO
36
27
100
26
16
2
_.---- ------- - - -- - ---._. ---------------_._~ - ----- _.._~. ---~ -~.._. ... - _. --- --~-- -_.~ _. _..~-
AVERAGE
CoV
Engle
D.Qe
200
6.1
....--_.. .-._...--- _.
AVERAGE
COY
7.00
13
lD5
90
li
110
40
51.
'2
14
11
,
13
1100
'2000
4.10
-785
66
Z2
9
1.00
,00
21'
24
0.29
1.6
'0
ll-
1.8
120
210
113C1
lit!.
100
14
...~..-.- - ..... - ----_..-- ... ._-~-_..--- .~.-~ _. - _.- - -- - - - ---- ------_.-
O.PO
6550
S3
13
12
50
100
0.95
13
23
69
165
7.90
27
77
'Table 11/.5. IIET ACID GENEMTIOII POTENTIAL of WASTE ROO: FR0l SEERAL MHIES.
SOIL pH NEUTR~LiZATIGN ACIO GEHERAT iON
MUlE SlTE (PASTE) POTEIlAl 11 f'OTfllHAl 2./
NET ACiOGEN~RATIOÑ
POTENTIAL 11
Corona
2.6
-2.6
3.5
View
2.7
.1.6
5.5
Afterthought
4.7 -4.9
6.5
e/i5\iior
9
Grey
Eiigie7.0
7.1 4.2
49 1.5
Mt.. Mme, lOl101fg area 1. 4 -3.8 6.5
Bi¡¡ Chjef 2.5 .4.1 6.5
¡roo
valley
En;i1
1j As tons CaC03 equivalent per 1000 tons of mèteriat.
2/ As tons CaC03 eqivalent to neutral i ie the acid for~ by 1000 tons of material.
22
10
11
6.1
7.1
11
4.8
-48
V. MAS LOADS
Loads,were caculated for Sacramento Valley mines with perennal diharges using flow aDd coocentra¡Íoii ~easuremeim
taken largely between 1987 and 1992. The loads are somewhat comparable between sites because of the coooiiued drouizt
conditions during that period. For smaler dichargi mies loads were caculed Vi'Ùl data collected priary dun
thi surey. Estimates for West Shasta District mines were made usg 1989.92 data. further, with the exception of Iron
Mi. Mine, the loads represent a mass per rime statitic duri¡ dr periods. Because of the strong correlation between
loads would be hier
loading and precipitation, we numbers presented here are considered to be underestiates. Actual
with the ildusion or waste rock runoff/seepage contrbutions and an accounting for normal OT e'Xreme råiny seasons.
Detailed load calculation methods are presented in Appendi A.
lroii Mountai Mine (IM) was the sie largesiloader of mie draiage .toUutantstQ the Sacramento Valey. Loads
from IMM were cacuated usiiì weekly Sprig Creek Debri Dam (SCDD) metal aid outfow data colleced by U.S.
Bureau of
ReclatioI! and regional board (Reridi offce) staf and are considered to be acCurate (Heîmanpers.::omm.).
The SCDD collect and dicharges water fromJe Spri Cree watershed includig aWl releases, wase rock erosion
and seepage, aid backou.d stream flow. Between 57 and 85 percent of th estied ccpper, cadmum and we loads
cae from th source (Table V-i). Overal 67 percent of the stadard equivalent loads cae from SCDD indicati that,
with respect to freshwater metal objectve it is me lages inctve mie source of I:e most toicc metal detected. Stowell
about 1 percent to tota SeDD loadii (ieimani-ers, comm.).
Mine alo draIns 10 thi watershed but contributes only
A certain amount of the loads from SCDD are intercepted at a smal Sacramenta River rcierV01r (Keswick) ana settle out,
never fully making it down the river under normal flow conditions.
rock aluvium. The low pH and
Leaching processes within SCDDare likely faciltatig th release of metal from waste
should provide ideal habirat for acidophic bacteria to break down sulde and metal
containing m.inera flusbed into the reservoir durinthe ramy s~on. Other investigators have snowni.creacd leach
whensimilarcooditions. eiåte. d in. underground wodci. gs. further, SCPD water exhb. its an eleva. ted 0. xidizg potential
exposed nature of the reservoir
with Eb measlJementsaveragig around SOO mV. Under these conditions wate rock materi is contiuousyt:qosed
to breakdown force that are
greater than.
wha is
found
in naal strea waters. The high CCuductivity of the wa~er alows
the way rutigactvity inc:eas.es .¡ncoastal
greater eiectc.ttanerei:ce which ence oxdalioii proces (si to
. . .
envionments be!:usofsalry air). AI wate roc degrades, meta4 heldwith tbem.ineralmatri are released and
soiupiliedin water acidifed from sulde oxidation. Even tbou~tnnditiOXii SCl.Dprobabiyenh~ce the release of
metals, mass balance estimates
show that about lS percent of
the incoinin~meW loads are retaed in the reservir. As
might be expected, mnst of the metal leaving the reservoir are diolvd m thevrter.
Mines in thel.ittle Bn.ckbonè Creek wate~bed'CCntriDutedaboiit 22 Dercentof'tJeståd.cf ~quivaeiit loads¡secoñd aiiY
to. IMM (Table V-l).. Mammoth, Golinsky,iUd Sutta iÍes dr tcÎ,tbis creek whichflQwsiito Sh.a5ta R.~servoirShoeme3er Gulch dram thef,out~ern endnf the
Map1oth'Mecomplex, and alo flows tò Shata Resery~.. Load
below thepin~ ~al1plex and d,e ..swnof ~ mdívic,hiauy
calculations, were made by averag;ngintrea (oilds. measured
measured discharge;; (see Appendix A). Althiigl tlie'two methods .shotÙdintuitively produce siilarloadi values, thi
was nauhe ~ebecau:e of unquantied~~o~ssgoinoni.ile wate.rsberi D~ drpt.rlodspollutedi:e
dråiage sometimes neyer fuy.ar dowtrea, leadi to a ceranu;)\w ofbuid-u)l in the\Vtet'.sed w1ich is
subseql1eiit1y nushedoutUIder high flow conditions (HeÎa. ,pers. CQii.).Fii~r,i:~reinà.y be. subsurfaoenow in!he
shißow w.. eathered b.cdrock . (W. al.ke. r ,p. e. rscom.. a il. t.w. mild i:..ot be'vible a..it eIlte~ tle. l.. . . Tiie XD.. QvC?m... etit;Of1I. i;e
pollution with
ground wa~has been doeeitetÍat Pem:.le(Bolid,p:s'còtt1' R.e,gal'dl0ft:m.er.anItS, the
phenom.enon ,isâ1 obsered
in the WestSa,uiiW Creek waimdd.Eah~Keysone,E~YB~a:dSli
Kisi¡ines (Heimai¡iers. com.ni.). WestSqu~trt;k a1enersShastaLáe andcoiitrbiied¡iut7percentofthe
standard equivalent loads (Table V"l)~th cãcuaQon.mcth()id~nteatotbos~usedJøri.îteBackne Croek. With
respect lOcoPRtr,cadmwn, and zic, the 3afQremeiitìClJ1ed source loctein the Wes Shasta D~ctdÏ~ed loads
that were sigicatl'higler than other Vnley mies (Fige V-l). The relate maptudeof øtlei, sxaUer,acidmine
sources depend$. on thepOlll1tant of cchcen¡.
. With thee.ce,ptionof ¡MM, the Jpads in Tab!eV.l. arunderi:timaiesbei:USe.thcy didnotaecllp:t f~;ir dirh;!r~e inçrtases
expected duriiiSthe wetscas9n. ShortdurattQnadltsurges resifrQm raial ()rsnow.ineitinGvi~o;wneleQmpiex
thrpugb .P9(,0. U§lt:raèlure. d overb\ltd~ns. vertica
ai ..Sh.. 8&. ' ..aid ca... y~dst~p.i es. (P.H2.MH. . il..,. 19...84.... ;...C. .rfJ..!f. lè..,. pe~.s..C9m. ro.).
EvidtDccofadit Sllgesca be stcn. m TålleC"2wnere Ba1aiMie outfows WttenieasU\.êd ai.589
lls
durs.Tanua
1983fr.olI an avcr¡gedrperçdflow ofabput 1.-30 l/s.,Raâl',~froin 'wasterOt alcGiit-mesto'senal
pilot st¡id.Y was. canduct~d at SpelIli:'VeMiie to m~urt
loaâingsurges but isdlcit to acciitely chacteri. A
van.. : ouspar~ineters of fa.. infal TU1!Of. f. B. Y expapolatig I1.t.as... eie. n. tstå.C. n. ..d...Unr. . ... a. sine.stoIm. '. c. yent,su. rfa.ce.runoff was
esumate. d to. a.ccotil forapproximatel.y. 5-18 p.e.l'cem 0. f the tota ai. . loads .CQin. JZ. .I.Ol1 d:iis. . ....$.lt.e... ..(W.. et.. . +.dtseas. on).
in Appndi B. Most raiälùitratesiitopepnea1e wasteroc.
The studyresiitsaid loadig metbods are detaied
a
near thesrreambed lo",tpoint.Setpage wat~r~ $trpppliutants frota wa,e ro¡;1c to
greater
inaterial:ad setpsout later
degree Û1ansurfa~rinoff ~ecaùse of a lo¡¡geri:esidence umc. ~reforc, measung~urfa.ce ronoffWtuld n.o~aÆ:u.t
for the
total
load Increases induçed by rainfalL. RegaipJess th relatie poUutantseontrîuttoiicausedby prti:pitationat
an indi\ldualsitc would depend on the magitude of any extig perennal dischaige and, thns, wo'íâ afect cleanup
priorities. For mlies with 00 perennial releases, wet seon discharges wöuld represent 100 p.ercciit or the tota1oads
23
¡:
'-
CAtlMIUH
CllROH lUM
CoPPeR
14 ( 0.02 )
Anderson S¡¡r jOgs'
ehampi on
MJ ( 0.00 )
NO ( 0:00 )
1,722
1,805
288
63,889
1.273
0.01) NO
0.00 I NO
0.01 L NO
0.00) NO
0.01) NO
0.00 L NO
(
(
(
(
(
(
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
)
)
)
)
)
)
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
0.00)
0.00)
0.00)
0.00)
0.00)
0.00)
0.00 L
0.00)
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
(
(
(
(
(
C
(
(
0.00 )
0.00 )
0.00 )
0.00 )
0.00 )
0.00')
0.00 L
0.00 )
5621
NO ( 0.00) NO ( 0.00 )
0.18
1.1
0.22
0.98
0.10
1.8
0.78
0.16
261,128
.... .......... ..._..._..-_....... ........ _...-.....-.._.... ..--_........ -- _.. ..__.. -_.... -- --.:..'..- --- .....-----_.. ..--'-.. - _.. _._--
lI ( (L.On) NO ( 0.(0) 0.02e Ò.01 )
NI (: 0.00 )
0.21 ( 0.00 ) 1.9(0.15)
0.07 ( 0.00 )
NDCO.DO)
0.01 ( 0.00 ) t:.36 ( 0.03 )
9.5 ( 0.15 )
6.' ( 0.48 )
U ( 1.09 )
(
(
(
(
(
(
NO ( 0.00 ) 0.93 ( 0.11 )
18
NO
28
2.9
34
3.4
232 ( 0.09 ) 0.04 ( 0.01 )
144 ( 0.06) NO ( 0.00 )
359 ( 0.14) 0.8 ( n.15 )
NO ( 0.00) NO ( 0.00 )
NA ( 0.00) NO ( 0.00 )
191 ( 0.01) 83 ( 15)
91 ,602
Ill\
8.3
111\
T3
111\
2.1
115
Nil
llA
ILLL
311
1,031
t.20~
2,870
6.1
1,326
73.364
288
452
NA
334
110
1
2,290
650 ( 0.33 ) O.l~ ( 0.02 )
110
3,008 ( 1.15) 2.5 ( O.~5
2,603 ( 1.00) 3.8 ( 0.68 )
15,340 359
spring Creek Debriii OBmrelèIlge.. The Si:bDwlitenhed driiins Iron Mt.-,iind StoweU Hines.
III LOBding viilues do not exclud urei-tiiin digits.
71 Excludes SRCSD lORds.
5/ The 1:00 of tne loeds eÒllnø fronBiiliikllllft.Keynòne. flirt)' BIrd, iind Siuistll King iilnes.
the lMdø comûii Iroo Kentli, Gotiniiley. aoo Sutro Klnea.
61 ihê sum of
1,/ SèDO =
31 Sacrøiintõ lleglot\BICountYSlil'ltil:HOn Iflstrict..lifBlItewBter treiitemot phmt loads, 1985.
( 0.1)(0.1)
AMENDED: 3/29/93
563.900
5 (0.001 )(0.00 )
5 (0.001 )(0.00 )
(, (0.001 )(0.00 )
4 (0.00\ )(0.00 )
3 (0.001 )(0.00 )
0.3 (0.000 )(0.00 )
0.00 (0.000 )(0.00 )
9 CO.002 )(0.00 )
28 (0.005 )(0.00.)
21 (0.004 )(0.00 )
ì2 ( 0.0! )(0.01 )
73 ( 0.01 )(0.01 )
174 ( 0.03 )(0.03 )
122 ( 0.02 )(0.02 )
A1 ( 0.01 )(0.01 )
326
765 ( 0.1 )( 0.1 )
94:2 ( O. 2 ) ( O. 1 )
2,461 ( 0.4 )( 0.4 )
1,294 ( 0.2)( O.l )
1,192 ( 0.2)( O.~ )
3,469 ( 0.6)( 0.5 )
3,013 ( 0.5)( 0.5 )
:3 , 800 ( 0 . 7 ) ( 0.6 )
34,872
(6 )
4,640 ( 0.8)( 0.7 )
39,674 ( 7) ( 6)
123,559 ( 22)( 20)
376.162 ( 67)( 6U)
LOADS 11
sn\fIOlllO EOUIVAU:iH
sum of HBver-age còfeltrstiontH*BVIrè'äeftowO))/lntlioo Surface \.llter. Plan Oljeetlveii(1)) for each metßl excluding iron. lliirdnesli " 50 mgll.
11 The
2/ loiids were ciiculiited using dahifrom 198.
TOTAL loADS 71
Turkty Run
GreBt lJestèrn
Reed
110 ( 0.00) NO (O~OO) 0.04 (0.01 )
0.16 ( 0.01) NO ( 1l.DO) 0.02 (0.01 )
nD ( 0.00) I).OS (o.ooi ) ND (-0.00 )
Pick: It Shovel
tl ( 0.00 )
NI ( 0.00 )
Nil ( 0.00 )
1.3 (0.002 )
NO ( D .00 ) 0.001 (0.000) O.M (0.01 )
0.11 (0.006) NO t '0.60) 0.05' ( 0.02 )
0.30 (ChOZ) ND ( O.ÓO) 0.23.( 0.08 )
Iron Dyke(Tøytors Cr)
NO ( G.DG ) 0.032 (0.002) NO (0.00 )
ND ( 0.00 )
4 ( 0.01 )
NO ( 0.00 ) a.DOl (0,00) 110 ( 0.00 )
liD ( 0.00 )
I/eilker
110 e 0..00 )
0.37 (0.001 )
ND ( 0.00 )
NO ( 0.00 )
Il ( 0.00 )
30 ( 2.39 )
1.6 ( 0.12 )
815 ( 69)
Nil ( 0.00 )
0.21 ( 0.0'0 )
115 ( 0.21 )
122 ( 0.19 )
1.4 ( O. n )
NO ( 0.00 )
0.2 ( 0.01 )
52(4.12)
10.' ( 0.82 )
110 ( 0.00 )
0.60 ( 0.05 )
2.3 ( 0.18 )
135 ( 0.21 )
1.3 (0.002 )
61 ( 0.09 )
flA ('0.00 )
428 ( 0.67 )
260 "( 0.41 )
8.2 ( 0.1)1 )
(LTT ( 0.04 ) 110 'C O.tiO) 2.4 ( 0.83 )
1.513
488 ( 0.76 ) 0.81 ( 0.07 )
2,863
111\
111\
7,537 ( 2.9) NO ( 0.00
IlA
IROIl
36,760 (. ) 81 ( \4
lI cel.M) O.:U ( 0.02 ) ND ( 0.00 )
10 (0.61) 0.04 (o.oo;n ND ( 0.00 )
Hi i ìi Peaks
HAl)
30 ) 32 ( 2.51 )
Lucky S
to I i.
i lIe
6,928 (. 11) NO ( 0.00 j
18,961 (
NO ( 0.00 )
j.1CO.18) Mo (0.00 ) 24 ( EL.2)
27 C 1.6) ND ( 0.00) 0.23 ( 0.08 )
0.02 (0.001) liD ( 0.00) 4.0(1.38)
0.3 ( 0.01 ) 1 ( 0..(5) 0.01(0.003)
0.67 (0.04 ). 0.09 (0.005) NO ( 0.00 )
NO ( 0.00 ) 7 ( 0.37 ) NAC 0.00 )
200 ( 12) Ili) ( 0.00) 3.6( 1.24 )
1.7 ( n.m) tl.66 (0.031) 0.06 ( 0.02 )
l;r4 ( 28) IIA (nJIO) 2~( 8.3)
( 0..02 )
~,( 4.2) 12 (,0.66) 11.25 (0.09)
0.26 ( 0.02) 19 ( 1.1) 0.59 (0.20 )
0.7 ( 0.04) 12 ( 0..66) 0.06
NÓ 60 1.flT6
NO( 0.00) 38 ( 2.1) 110 ( 0.00 )
59 ( 3;,4) 186 ( 10) 15 ( 5.21 )
13 ( 0.73' ) NlL ( .0.00 ) NO ( 0.00 )
Lava Caii
NICKEL
658 i SO) 1,529 ( 85) 214 ( 74) 36,lOO ( 57) 234 ( 18) 20~, 352 ( 30) 390 ( 69
ARSENIC
Empi re
foalakoff Diggings
Greenhorn
Corona
PI umaiio
Bully HIli
spencevtlle
Brush Creek
Spiinish (uppr:+lower)
K8naka Creek mines
Riiiing Star
Valley Vieil
Afterthóught 2/
~st Squé~ Crt. mines 5/
SRCSP (1985) 31
shoemaker Gut i:li mj M!l 6J
Little Bßckbone erlc. &
scoo 4/
HIllE Sire DiscliiiRGE
rÔTAl ANilUAl LOAbs INl(llOGRAHS (Pi:CEltt 01" TOTAL ni PAREllTHESES) OIA=NOt AVAILABLE: 1l0:=NOT DETECTED) 8/
Table V~l. LOADING ESTIMATES FR~ IUACIIVE MINES UIT" PERENH1AL DISCHARGES DURING A DROUGHT PERIOD, 1987.91.
~(
a
o 100000
..
ZINC
!
1 0000
:
~
a
.
II
a;
1000
!l
B
100
i
I
i
f.
..,
i
i
.1
Iron Mt lit Bckbn Wst Sqw Greenhorn Rising Star Afthertho. Vall$Y V. Bully Hil
LOADING SOURCE
Figu V.I. VARD.IT OF COPPER, CAMI AN ZIC LOADING ESTE.
25
~mi f.~ tht site, At other mies, W8re roc ruoff is Dot as sicat as ami releases - e.g., West Shasta Dist.ct
mmes (Hemian pers. comm.), The load estiates presented in Table Vol lagely do not accunt for thes and oter ram)'
~ea01 surges. It would be dicult to predct wate roc ruoff loads because of the numer of panimeters involved
lDch.ldi surface area, permeabi, meta content, slope, :rai characteritics, etc.
'lhe present drougl.n conditions alo skew the load estiates in Table V-I to the low end, Past estiates for SCDD snow
zic loads have vane~ from lS to 4 . the 2! thousd kg es!:ate (ca 45-52 inches precpitl:o~ in 1989-90) in T,able
V.i for a Dormal rai 60 mches m 1984) and an extemely wet year (ca 115 inches m 1983), respectively
(Heiman UDpub. data). these load increaes to other mies and metal to aecut for the effect of var
anual precipitation may
Loads from Sacramento Regional County Santation. Ditrct (SRCSD) wastewater ¡sewage. treatment plant were
included for comparon. It raed fourth in stadard equivant loads (ca 6 %) due, in part, to hi lead dichares and
made up about 3- percent of the comhined copper, cadmum, and zmc loaàs.
Alost al or the mi :regions are dred by watersheds interceted with one or inore major reservoir whicb have the
potent to retai a cert fraction of the pollutants comig in from u.pstrea. Pollutants attached to heavy paniculate
matter in feeer streams ca settle our and become pan of the sedent. The mas bace of pollutants thoug a
:reservoir is litte is because da releases have a substanti inuence OD the qu.alty of
downtream waters. better defie tnport compoent, the mas balce of copper into, aKd out of, Shasta
Res~rv~ir "vas estiated using data collected dung the current w.0ugt period. The major mputs to the lae included
3 mme iiuenced streas (Shoemaker Gulch West Squaw and Litte Backne Creeks) aDO f"'1T "f il1aest stream
Rivers). The volumes and loads were used
to caculate the concentration of copper eiieced in the iireleases,siulatithe reservoir as a lage mig bov;l where
inputs without mine impact (Big Backbone,Pit, McCud, and Sacramento
produce a fial cocetration with no ph)'co-chemcâ interactons. Tbe
comPar to nie cqpper ÇQcentration acty measuredmTeleas water
. betwee198S and 191. Th caculated C(pp ooutrmiofSha Dam relejle water
(5.74 ngft wa ~ertb.a.
the
avee lUu. conçentrwon repo
by otr studies (2.4 tol; e. V.2 . detai of the grapbare
Fesented
multiple inputs of
dierig qua
are mied to
loadi ÎI~ were made largely for 19 an
is
in 'fabIeG-1). The5.14 vâle was cacutedwi dataè.etò . ..g 1989 and
inore coinparab1etothe4.2
ugli coppe aveage takt-Jromficayear ~9da relea data (&pmHeÎ;ai 1989). The ~.4 ugl value was
averaged
from fi Y~ar19"91 data. No steasicacecouidbêiürnedi)cae th cacUiateøcoDcentratioD
was estiated ~in$ onJY 2 flv¡i~lt m~urelJents. causg the Clnf(ieiice ÌltenrID to wi(.D to u,lessproportioIl ev,n
tho:ugbthere1tivestandarddevia.lioli warat:er low. CQvetselY,theaêtcoptr concentrationof.Shta ReservoIr
releasesstatiticay deded byah9st.haJ ol/ra. 2 Yeaperiod.(J~e V-i). Th .ilecle may have resulted from
drougbtinduced loaaigreductions wlikb are. st.o~Ycoe1att;dt() atnaP1eçipitati()n(H~i1'1ln;-mpl1b. data), Furer,
when feeder strea loads were ched t() :sulteno miedraie thecacuei. coppeconceQttationof O~7
Sacramento (0.20. . .Pk J024'ill;and McCloud RiversJO,2~5
uglhimply ret1ectedupst.ea rierqnalty (upper
ug/l); from Connor,impl1b.. Table H~i). Ðamrelease ~ter is. not apctcl .to exacùYinimi~ ~pstea inputif thel:.
~ih~~r~n~iJ:er~;::~uncl~~t~~ct~~o~waJ:c~~iliiti:à~å~~j~e::~g~t:~.;;;:',
~ievationphaéd tieditrence of inputs iø0utpts, wiittntrationòie.rences,etc. Al ofth'esecombinedpreclud~ .,
the value of sPec~.a i:a$ baiantt.statitic based OD. th data.'R.e~dle~, Shas Damn~leass. CQnta lev.el of
copper~tis a¡pr9~telYan.. order. pf xi~~HlClegleatertl.w4at. ìspr~nt . m. . the incomig . stramw:eced 'Q)'
nuc thame. Tiidietenc~ispr~1y~nceL\l()SOmeC#ent, l?$Üe.die from Li(tleBackbe .andWest
~~tr~.i6~~~~o~J:l:~1:~i::if~.::wit:=.~~~~ui:nfI~~l~.tg~bo~::rigi~'
SlJpcI1ODoflitert1oe andoth~rParç. 'çausedby~ve .act(:n:fie~ ~.taonthelow~rS~creIlto ~iver
shoy¡s .aiincr~~ nietal~adie . .lieiy re1ått9 19W deaty.patute5and collQids ttvel~ lIea the
mi-rbottoD;. ..AJoiigb thereis more . .. .. .i-Dergy in.aJ:~:tbe:reai:y bca re:latede)flantioiitbatdesbts so.lids
(~;:r:~~fY~âjir';~es:rd~~:n:6~Ce~~cJ~:lã~~r:iat~e~~~~fi:s~~~:~~~:T:~
_caed thug teservótr bodies (fond,pers. oomm.).
-i 16
i:
8
of
ä: 6
-..
::
t)
_+!
.i
4
"'
G
:' 2
0
.,
T
CALC. W/MINES CALC. W/O MINES
i
I
19a9
FY 86-89
-m
-1.
T
FY 90-91
:¡
..
i
1991
Figue V-2. CQPPER çoNCEN'TIQl'S IN saA l).A ~E WATE. . PCA. W/MI" ""
CONCENTION CATE FROM S'l AN MI mPurs; "QAC. W/O rv" '"
CQNCE'lON CATE JiOM JUST -.ST INu' (N;;2). ACTAL çoN~'fONS
MEURJN D.ARESE WA'lW' IDEN BY TH TI PEROP jN wmCHDA'fA WAS
COLLCT (N "" 7 TO 22 PER 'l PEROD). SEE TABLE G;.i FOR MORE SPEGlC INORMTION.
26
'\'1, RECEIVG WATERS
.A assessment was made of the water quaty . caused by i:ctve mies. Metal were analyzd in mine site
receivig waters and compared to Ind Surface ter Pla (ISW) objectes adopted to protect both human heal and
freshwater aquatic biota (S'CB, 191). Heavv meta objecties takn fr the ISWP are EPA's hardnes fact~red
chome creria freshwater biot. The 5.0 ppb árseiic level for hum consumption was more conservate. A cacium
caboniie concetrtion of 50 mg/l was usd when sie-specic hanlnes level were iivaW1e. Most strea s;m:r1es
were coDeced durg dr weater coditions at a ditance below the mie where draie was sucientl:m. l-u!ple
sample concentrations were averaged and presnted in Table V1~1. To indicate which compounds exceed the objeces
and the relative magntude, the concentratin/objecive ratio is shown in paentheses to the right of the average.
Twenty-one or 31 receivi stream monored were impacted by one or more meta ex:cedi isw objectives In
general the copper objective was most frequently exceeded followe by zic and cadmum. Ten stemshowed
exceei:ce for led, nickeL, and arsenic and none were measured for clonuum or silver. Exemely high levels (100-1,50
ties the objectives) were measured in stream wi low diulon and m.al buferig caacity.
at al mie sites but ca be inerrd strea flow and mine data. Where acid
the bueri capacity of a sLre;m, metal and other pollutats in solution.
At in the these conditions resul in impact th extnd the lengt of the stream .from
the site (e.g., West Baclone Creeks), Impact leng at mie sites with atyica drage
::::e~~ o~o;s~~~O~t~:~I~:l ~:,~~~~~e~J~ei~rl:d:~:n:~-::~~~~;~r
w;
the mie, to 3 ppm
decreas in James Creek from 5 ppm, diec below
lice, m~el in draiage from Corona mi
apprmdately 1.5 mies dov.'lstream. Tle. decrease wa largely. due 10 diuton from two oiler stream input as the
preval~ce of. iroD.b.Ydr0xidescoa~ .the streambed. indicate. that llQ signcatcoprecj)itaon or adsorpti~ was
occi.g. Furer, natu streams with umatualyhigh.Iltallevelsloosetñabiltyforsorpon whljnal the avaa~le
th Yub Rier watershed(AJ~l!y-Down~vie
~;ai:~:Ïif:1~.~~~1~~ti~~:&~~i;t~~~C:~~ltr'j:e:d::~:~~~2:~~
bindi
sites are ßied (Chaii~ etal, 1983)' . Arsemc f:r0m. ines. in
increaing
contrute about O.3ppb to the N.F. Yub ~rconcntrQn(Table Vl-2j_ Th
arsenicCQcentraton from
~~t:s~p~~JtIf.~~::~:o~;aUtak~j~Jilb':~~:l6l8~.~it~~roB=e~1~~~;~r.p~~:
is ear trportedmstlamiaot alcted.b¥a.c:d~e.~ ~calleiti5p~ntl~gè1Yinthe~lved~hase (50-90
:~~t=ri~:1:i.J1t~a~~~ iir:disb;1~m;tJ~1~g¿r~ey~~la.~~f~~~re~~
".: "b:i::~~~:::~~~~=o:iinC:\:~~iu~th::~6:~it~~ait~:~=~(lól:iîon to OYeral
. ;:.'
"iThe Sacramero p.er peridiy~riimce objecteiccee#nces(forcopper~ cadmand .~c)both below IMM
:~~~;a~;~~~#es.~~3;i~e~e:l1;~~~ei:~=~::=x::;~::'.:f~eiÅ;:
totheItra1ol. tts leng mew.. ..acutue.aduraniruoltbiit.i: draige ha .be~n. previousyslow to
~:a~l:cl:Jif':~~~~~~:~=~a1oa~('i~~~il~ :;~l::i:=i~~=l:~:i~;.
~~i:."::~:cìtlilt1:ipiQ::~Wa~:r;:;~~f;¡n1S¥d
q\Ù~Tl:t:;Jr:ib~dï:ÓnAa1Ó:¡t;;
level .niCkel i: . ~easedto.~oiidGttçbl~ iiboutoiie .iie
mstaice,at.. the Pick .aml. Shove
!\ low
beImvthemm.e.Sìly, cpppr1eyil$iJtceasír~m .~løwc.è.Ol (c;l wb~. over a2 niestretclof Devi
~yon Creek
(1romupr $Pa.~~Mi .... .,~er~ e wÐiyhicr3Sbv4t.cs. able C-l)'.'lerore, stream
ri1h~:~.,~n~fgi:si0:iãvi:e~~nce1~r~t~=.~I~~~o:;tthe met.. ()rmeta1oid. diution capaCity
Reci1Jg water'cpncåûo.suges aree~d1welperiodsfrom ~am tesDSoian increaed mies!te
di~ Met d~sjted.hi theSteamDeddnrglO\-flowperiodarescOed andtranrte4 dOwntre; dung
higb.t1.pws. ' .l!?W bini;~dd.0si(jíi~te. . F~i fam~and snpw.meJarekiGW.to flshø'l.1t i:el
~6;lh~g~isrpinf3~~:eesl;¡(~:ll6ll .. .'Qf~~~~~i§;i~~::;J~~:á
. abßve andbelSm;rVieMidurgaaii.rev~nt. ... ... .. .Øriip;äw;i greaheçusefiewaste
IQc:.Ðte'Wci. . .l1yenncbed y. severali:êt Dryerei CGP~r . vCl)Sbêl()'Wthe~1'a: betWeèn" 23nid
12ii.J?bandexce.~ th l-hour, badn(lfactated ~()b~(~ppb).by~to8ties fG1la1()howr~irod (see
AppiidiB). ThC9P~rQOnceIlat.i bi.DrCreek.ups~th.~..rem~ Jnsta1Vttbd~t:()1itt(d.= .-1
ppb) lhOiiout theistomiAI0~ thestre¡f~cbeaanex~ineiy i:gi tlop staeCniiç1tiondurt:e storm, it ~
not eiiot! tØcoPl~1yòitecoppel!di~.~from.thm.sieWt a,,~dartlu.d 3;ppm. Mùé~ll
alo 'Iesiútedina 4fokimcea mthtßt.~de soJiCtntt~upea ~ve (CS5..~~gflUPS.l.eaa.d ~
U4 i,g!l ~elow tbmie; see Appt~ .8). Tycâ~. i;m incrt8 in~dem1îdS'w0maindi~agreate; capacity
for th wal to coPlex freemetåI tons. Howevr. most wae roe ~cr nittef is.aleadysatuated wi .meta
d?~~r~=;:iI~Psl:°::~=~:ir~;'~~:: dl:smt~=~=ij¡y~'.~;~f~
27
RECEiVING WATERS ABOVE AND BELa~ SAC~IENI0 VALLEY HINES (FROM APPENOIX C).
MINE
Creek neiir West adit
Anerson
Balaklala, Keystone,
Early Bird, an
aOOVE
Wet Squaii Crk
abve
llosseLkus Crl:
above
Wooruff Crk
above
below
above
Brush CreeK
¡:ll)' Hill
"lown i:rli
Coron¡
Jams
beloli
Engle/Suprior 41
Gl"eat Western
St.
Greenhorn
Wi Llo;i Ci-k
i ron Dyke ~/
Taylors Crk
Lucky-S 41
Mamth
below
below
belOl
abe
99
OI
aboe
below
abve
below
Peters Crk above 3/
Humg Crk
PicK & Shovel
?llts Gulch
below
below
abo..e
110
"
NO
NO
1m
3
NO
lI
)
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
28
lI
Rising Star
llorseCrk
Spanish
Poormn Crk
pelow
13D
below
820
47
lI
NO
NO
110
lI
3.5
liD
7
NO
110
NO
NO
5
859
110
liD
NO
NO
NO
NO
110
NO
NA
NO
ND
NA
299
963
6
lI
(5.3)
i.o
IIA
2.1 ( 5 )
NA
Il
NO
NO
15 (3.1) )
NO
V.S
lI
NO
NO
1
lI
10
9
NA
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
i2
i
16
abve
be lOl
abve
below
above
below
abòvl!
below
ili:
be L 'Ow
ábve
D.1
D.ll
NO
NO
ILO
lI
0:1 (1.1)
li
Nt
71
1tJ2
79
84
18
)
i93(444)
NO
Z2
NO
NO
10 (15
"
1 il;. below
'2 m; .belCl
aboye
~ 51
2.3
4.2
.llO
lI
li
Ii
li
lI
below
NO
110
)10
lI
¡NO
9
ItO
NO
ND
NO
NO
mi
NO
4.4
llA
IlD
NO
110
NO
1
NO
NO
2
10
,
446
9
~O
ND
NO
NO
110 ( 17 ) AA
Nl'
NO
ND
16 (1.3 ) NO
(31 ) NO
36
2.4
li
)
18
60
40000 (678)
NO
5
NO
15
63
(5.0
)
NO
NO
"
NO
NO
lI
NO
NO
llt)
lI
,
1
NO
115
4.4
)lI
liD
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
4.6
5
5
He
NO
20 (3.1 )
i
1Z9 (195) 1.8
.Nt
.lO
WI)
6.7(1.D)ßO
3010 (463
,
li
on e uptri:am ow 15..co .om upr li t. iscarge.
!lot lie Crl:
8
JlO
HD
110
NO
59
ND
1
till
NO
(8.3)
(i5 )
" IlO
NO
NO
lI
.9933 (1528)38 (29
\\
0;5
Mil
NO
NO
AA
3
NO
NO
0.1
NO
NO
WI
1S
15
NO
NO
NO
1
(8.2)
9.6
38.8 (2.4)
10
NO
NO
NO
NO
ND
liD
NA
1
110
NO
HI
NO
67 ( 14 )
597 ( 135 )
110
é.2 (8.9)
\\
)
1.1 (1.4 )
4 ) Nil
NO
(3.2
21
.19
.53 (2.4)
60 (
4
619 ( 53 )
1
NO
NO
(¡.S
Nil
belOl
irrigation water
NO
ND
beloli
Valley View
lI
NO
11ve
Ilin:ei Crk
NO
NO
liP
ilve
Ti.10 Peaks
ND
78
Ward Crk
Dry Crk
12 (Ï .8 ) NO
ND
0.9
170 (3.4 )
NO
lI
NO
above 2/
NO
ND
NO
NO
be L oi
aQve
11 A s gn ICllt port
Nil
NO
NO
NO
NO
Davi s Crk
lJalker
2
NO
NO
NO
110
NO
110
NO
Reed
Little Dry Crk
:2
20 t
"
abve
Spencevi tle
(95)
) 83 (64 )
i
62
below
Devils Canyon Crt(
lI
NO
NO
NP
l.uckeye Ravine
#1
11
I/O
;2
liD
NO
above
bel Gi
above
below
PLumago
Reward
NO
;:
NO
NO
NO
ébove
Jamison Crk;
liD
NO
61
51
mi. bel01 4/
PlumaS Eureka 4/
NO
NO
NO
341 (536
1947 (33 )
ND
Nil
be L OI
ELder Crk
(3.1)
4
2
140 (212)
23 (4.6
Kanaka i:k i M.F.Y~ Rbelow BI
II. f.
NO
NO
above 3/
Sacramento R. l
KesWick Res.
Noble Electric 4/
22 (4.4 )
3
abve
bel
Harrison Gulch
NO
lI
below
Midas 4/
ND
110
alve
l ittle Backbne Crk
Malakoff 01ggn'5
NO
55
NA
AA
liD
4/
beloli
Marys Crk
(11 )
11
NO
110
liD
32 (4.9 )
1653 (254 )
IIA
NO
Nfl
abve
3 il\.
4 (6.1 )
Ill)
below
below
i. 19nts i:rk
cllM Crk
Kanaka creek ooines
100
abve
Yott Crk
Gladstone 41
Iron Mt. 7/
il
0.5
1.5
110
IlA
beLow
CrK
.5
EW~l re (Nev. Co.
lI
below
below
Shasta King
8eardsley 4/
110
160
Anderson Springs Crk
3.5
59 (9.1 )
NO
30
2
5.B
299 ( 1.9)
1
43
i
2.3
IlD
8650 (147)
12
5
be an enelytiçel error. . .
2/ 11.0 upstreæ site was discerrmle. 31 The upt. reaJ..portion .wasepeiral. 4/ Based on one sampie.
5/ On higli detectable value was considered to
6/ 4-day, hardnss corrected ÈPA freshwater qulditY criteria. A hi:rdnss of 50 mg/l was used when no stream-speedH:: hardness
was available. The hi. i:or\:tion l'l$enic hwel = 5.0 ue/l,
71 Froi Heima, 1988, 1990 øn site specH; i: objectives for the upp Sacramto River.
_._"-----~._--~...._-----"-----
8/ K.ana\(¡i Creek belOl at L mines in the watershed.
~"".'M"~__"" ~,_,..._"'_....."~._~-"'_._---_...._'-
28
rock pil mOVes at a slower . runoff
flows. Furer, intrted water emantig from a wate'
and probably e:iends the duraton of impact beyond the peod of raial. Runoff from waste rock mcreased the
downtieam concenttion of toæl metal and liely increasd the streambed meta content. Other nte i:uenced
rec.Ivg waters are expected to experence siar impacts imd, therefore, Table VI-L is an underestiate of the act
average concentation the streams experience year-round as a result of mie draiage. ¡
Stream conceiitions are alo infbieiiced by diec contact with waste roc pies regadl of the seaon. For ince,
at Iron Dyke Mie, Taylors Creek dippears under a waste :roc pile tht was deposied dieCÙY in the streambed. The
,
stream emerges from the other side wi levels of cadmum (05 ug/l), copper (21 ug/l)
and zic (18 ug/l) above what
was meaed upstream (.ç 0.1, .ç 1, and .ç 10 ug/L, respecvely). Therefore, vi..te rock piles have the poter. to. ei:ch
stream wi an eay and freely leachble fraction. not dent on pH decles. Simple dion p¡,oceses brm tle
solution upon cotact with water. Mi opertions commonly removed unwated waste rock from the me
meta ino
by dumpmg it .iio stream watercourses and alowig hi w:er flows to was it away. At may :me sites waste rock
sti composes a porton of the strea ban.
Alost al streams inuenced by draiage eventualy pas thoug one or more major reservoirs. Reservoirs have
the ¡itential to alter balance between metal comlg in from natual/man-causd sources and those
leavmg via dam releaes. West, a reservoir in the Sierra-Nevada footh range, upslream inputs from Bear
River and Rock Creek were with relea Arsenic levels were very slghtly elevated in the
release water (1.6 vcrsil 1.3 and 1.1 chomium (3.8 versUS 2.8 and :5.. ppb) and copper (2.9 versus 2.8 and 1.4
ppb) remaied essentialy unched On iaboI'atory vaabllty measurements (or tht batch submision. Sampli
conditions with no obsrvble tubidity. It would appea that these
inputs ",ere simply pasg though the reservoir system with very little concentration change. However, when
occued in June when the streams exhibited low flow
metal
streams are highy nibid, metals associated wi heavy particue m.atter are expeced to settle out to the lakebed. Afer
ca beme eVen more tightly bom:d tp caboiite,sulde, and
depoition,m:cftibed metal
organc cabon matenal and
are not eay leached from the sedent (Bnigamet ai., 1988; DiToro tt al, 199). By the ti¡eincomigparticuate
of the leachble met. have Oel"released to the water colu
matter has ben tranorted to the lae bottom, most
(Bn: et al., 1988). Reservoir chaacteritics such as temperatue
and flow dierential draw point ~levation,
ditance
a storm
event,
inuence releaqualty. For .inance~. durg
to the. da. releae, strtication, ete. are alo exected 10
Caanche Resrvoira1ong. the Ù!undated Mókelumne riverbed
raial niofffrom Penn Mie travelled the lengt of
~:~L:~dr~~;:8Je r:~~~b~l~~~~d;:~~t~::i~:t~d~e~n~;:=~~~~~ti;nOV:if~;~=s~~
the fracton of metal transported tliough a l"eservoii depends on a vanety of factors m.dudig dam chaactensucs and the
qualty of upstream Ù!puts.
Mies ~ alo cau,e receivi water
impact frolGmcreased siltation. Waste
rock sedents flushed into adjacent stream
ca produce a tranitory bentc envionment prone to movement and scurg. Th ca sh thç: macro-invertebra.te
pOPcultiotl to
more
sedient tolerant species such as the mayfy and caddiy (Duba a. Pen¡osi;, 190). Further,
sedient: :fom inctve mie.s ca prevent tihes suc .asscu!pí.daers andtioiit:fOlG inabitig astran because of
the lack of clean gravel (Rea et al., 1988). Althoug acid and meta may bediuted.tolevels tQleratedby resdent biota,
the long~term inpa~ from increaed siltatn are more subte and ca resu m a faunalsbi to inore sedient tolerant
organms.
TabteVI-Z. ARSENIC LEVELS HI TilE NORTH FORI( FEìi.HER RIVER, 9 .iUlE 19S9 (FROM TABL.E c-U.
FEEDER ST1EAM TR18UTi\RV ARSEIHC(UG/L) N. f. YUBA .RIVER LOCATION ARSEJIC (u¡;ìL.)
10
llo\.ar!Î Cree~
Sa lmon Creel:
Siel"l"a Buttes stream
1-2
Downie River
2.1
1.8
GoClear:s Creek
Woodruff Creek
nddLl! Creel:
1.2
Bassett 1.1
Downieville
1.3
Hwy 49
1.6
21
1.7
29
S. 1988. Penn Mie Toxc Pits Act technca investiation Report. 3
___ Persona ComøllmicaÛoii. Engieerig gelogt VJth the CVRWQCB, Sacramento, CA
Bouads, R'iand A Colmer. 1972. of th kitics of oxdati by thee iron-snler Ca.
J. Microbio.. 18:73-740.
for coal in !.e
by
Brugam, R., S. Chakavery, and J. La. 1988. Sedient chemitr of laks
midwestem U.SA. Hydrobiologia. 164:221-233.
CA.
lO
BS.w~ 'hS. Colman and S.1. Betts. 1988. Arsemc in iration water in San Joaqui
IIJI u.C. Davi. Apri
Butz R. Personal Communcation. Area enger with th CVWQCß, Sacramento, CA.
Caorna State Bureau (CSMB). 1918. Mì and mira resources of Nevada Co. San Francico, CA
area, Sierra Coun CA CDMG
mines of the
December.
Calson, D. and W. Clark. 1956. Lode
The Eclog pp.
52(3):237-247.
Ca:ccio F.
, 196, Mie'al ,.., of C.ioúa, Bul, 191, Sa F""cieo,
~orna Di,jon nl Mi", and Geology (CDMG)
-_~ 190a. Bulet 193.
__ 1942. Quarerly chater of state mieralogits. Report xx Vo13, #1. San Fraicico, CA. Jan.
___ 197Gb. Trace elements in the Plumas copper belt, Plwn Co., CA. Speci Report 103. Sacramento, CA.
Calorna Joural of Mis and Geolog (CJG), 1946. State mieralogits report. Vol. 4~ #3. San Francico, CA
July.
___ 1936a. Gold mines of Placer Co. Vö132, #1. San Fraicico, CA. Janua.
__ 1936. Mineral resources of Lasen Co. Vol. 32, #4. San Francisco, CA October.
_ 193Th. :Meral resources of Plumas Co. Vol 33,. #2. SaiFiaicÎsco. CA .Apri.
43, #4. San Francico, CA October.
_ 1947a. Mies and mineral resources of Sisldyou Co. Vol
--197a. The geology of quic:ksver ore deposit. Vol. 33, #1. San Fracico, CAlanuar.
43, #1. San Franci, CA. Janua.
_ 197b. Mies and minera resources of La Co. Vol
52, #3. San Francico. CA July.
-~-19S6. Lode gold mines of the aleghany-Downevi area, SierCo'l CA Vol
__ 1915. Mies and mier resourcesm Shasta Sislâyou and Trity Counties. San Francico, CA. July.
~t~~~~"i.;e"'.=J~~ff~d''fJL~ "'.,,,,,""
or Cói- Gl.. La Mo Nap
Laen .Modoc Suttr, and TeneJJa. San Francico,
Butte,
__ 1916.. Mies and mieral reso1lces aBhe counties of
CA DeceJJber.
___ 1908.
San Frano, CA Sept.
Copper resource of Caorna. Buleti 50.
C. en. ln... valey Regional Wa.ter Qiial!Y Control Boad (CVRWQCB, i)... J.1. An .an¡ùYsis of th toxc ~r!l~~
impaieitsmlheSaeraiento-San Joaqui DeltalE. CVRWQÇB, Standads Polici, and SpeC1il StUWW
Secton
(SPSS). Sacramento, CA. Decemoei:.
__ 1988.Ai:ass loadi as~ment of :i~j()rpoitandnon-pain soi.ces diargig to surace waters in tbe Central
Valey,Caon: 1985. CYRWQCB, SPSSSecûon. Sacramento, CA October.
__ UDpubledData. Database of mies inNapa, Sierr Butte, and 1.e counes. CVRWQCB, Sacralento, CA.
~ 1F~~.:~A ~~ A:t li ML i- "oa, a.. CA Rood Pi.
ChaP!an B.. D. Jones and:R. Jm:.1983.f'¡:ocess
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47:1957-1973.
Geoëca et Cosochica Acta.
Conor, V. Unpublihed Data Metals concetrtion data for the Sacranento Valey.
30
Croyle, W. Personal Communcation. Area ".1th the CVRWQCB, Sacramento, CA
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report l=Dwomnenta Itesearch laboratory, Naraganett, RI. Augt
Diviion of Mies. 1957. Mi.iicral commoditis of CA Revion of 156. Buleti 15. San CA.
December.
on water
Duba, A and D. Penrose. 1980. 1980. Impact of
in western Nort Caroli Water
Resources Buleti. AWR 16(6):1034104.
Doyle, F. and A. Miza 1989. Understanding the mechanms and kietcs of acid and heavy meta releae frODl pyc
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in the West calorna..
D. Nordstrom, Ineraction sedients of
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Harn, J. and V. Berkheiser. 1982 Aion interaction with freshly prepared hydrous iron oxdes. Clys
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Heiman D. :Personal Communication. Area engieer with the CVWQCB, Reddig, CA
---1991.lroD Mt. :report, July 1990 though .run 191. CVRWQCB, Reddig, Caorna.
__ 1989. hon Mt. I\fie report, July 1988 though Jui 1989. CVWQCB, Reddi Calorna.
_ Unpublihed Data. 1(1-year databas from IM. CVWQCB, Reddi CA
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l:, J.1985. Stuy an interpretai:on of the chemica
Higg M. Personal
characterics
of
natual waters. Thd Ed. D.S.aS Water Supply
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lvarsqn, K. 1973. Microbiologica formation
of basic ferc suates. Ca J. Soil Sci 53:315.,323. Augt.
~~~~~. '
Jenke,D. ., G. F.a~e$o.pf. aad F. Di~bod,i!' CI:.changein concentrated, acidic, metal b~arg wastewaters
when treated with lie. Én.on. Sa. Teio111(4):2J7-22. .
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adsorption of copper
and zi on ~Oqhousoaydro:ide Geochca et CosmoCbca Act.
1ohnon, C. and 1. Thornton. 1987. H. ydrol~ca aD. cl~mica fact9rsco. ntroll the cocentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn and
As
in a river system contaminated by acid mmedraie. Wat. Re. 21(3)~59=3S.
Jones., It 1986. The
mie
ditribution andpartitioxig ().~i1'Ver and . ollel heavy meta in sedent asocted wi an acid
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~¿;'¡Jëli;~~i2ti~~~'l~~~~~ M1~=,e~~dN~;i.tka~W~$t~šli.~~ci=:bi:.ctie
Mi, A
and L. Mallory. 1987. The comm:unity structure of::cssle heerofrophic bacternH;trcsed by
acid mi draiage.
Microb. Beot 14:219-232.
Moore, I. and S. Ramiuoorthy. 1986. Heavy metal in natual waters. Applied Momtori and imact asessment
Sprier-Verlag. New York.
31
Moore,i J. and D. Sutherland. 198.1. Distrt:utioi; of heavy meta and radionucldes in sedient, water, an li an
area or Great Bear Lae conlaated with mme wate. Arch. Envion. Contam. Toxico!. 10:329-338.
Nolle, T., K Nakamur~ and J. Matsumoto.
1983. Oxdation ferrous iron by from
a stream receivig acid mie draiage. Water Res. 17:21-27.
Nordstrom, D. 1982. Agueous pyrte oxdation and th COlleqi.~nt formation of secondar iron mieral. In: Acid
Sulte Weatheri. SoifScienre Society of .Aerica. Madin, WI. -
Nordstrom~ D., F. Jenne; and R. Averetb. 19TI. Heavy meta dicbarl-cs into Shasta Lake and Kesmck Reservoirs on
the upper Sacramento River, Calorna: A recnnance dur low tlow. U.S.GS Water Resource Invesligations 76.
49. Menlo Parlc, CA. Marcb.
Onymo, S. 1985. Chemca abatemenl of acid mie draiage formation. Disserttion, Ph.D. in Engieeri V.C.
Berkeley.
Potter.
196. Acid mie draiage chacteritics Balakala Mie, Shasta County, CA. U.S.GS. Professional Paper.
Reash, R., J. Van Hasel an K. Wood. 1988. Eclogy of a southern Ohio stream receivig fly ash pond dicharge:
cbanges from acid mie drage coi:ditimis. Arch. Envion. Cont. Toxcol. 17:543-554.
the aquatic
Laboratory
Augut
Shumate, K. E. Smith P. Du~, R. Brent, and C. RaUes. 1971. Development of a conceptual model for pyrte
oxidation systems. In: Acid Mie Draiage formaton and abatement. Ohio State University Research Foundation. Study
performed for thelJ.S.EPA, Program No. FWCA Grant No. 14010 FPR, ApriL.
Singer, P. and W. Stum. 1970. Acidic mine draie: the rate determg step. Science. 167:1121-111.
Sobek, lì W. Schulr, J. Freean and R. Smith. 1978. Field and laboratory methods applicable to overbudens and
mie soil.1Ddustral EnvionmentalResarcb LaboratOry, Offce ofReseacb and Development. U .S.E A. EP A -60 /2-
7ß.54. March.
Sulan P., J. Yelton,
and K. Reddy. 1988. Iron sulde oxidaon and the chemitr of acid generation. Environ. Geol.
Water sci 11(3):289",295.
___ 198Sb. Solubilty relationships of aluminum and iron mieral associated with acid mi draiage. Envon. Geo!.
Water Sci. 11(3):281-28. .
mie pollution. Basin Plang area 5A
State Water Resources Control Board (S'WCBt 1972. Pnncipal ar of
Sactam~nto Riv¡r. Pfeparea for the sWlCB by COMO, Sacrentu,CA. June.
---1~91. Calornia bùd surace waters plan. Water Qualty Control Plan for Inandwaters of Caumi. 91-12 WQ.
SWRCB, Sacramento,'CA. Apri.
TaYIQr,. E., 'M. Wheeler, and D. Nordstr.om. 1984.lsotoj!ecolXPosition of sulate wacid mie draige .as a meaure
of bacteriii oxdatiOD. Natue, Leers to Nate. 30&38-541. Apri
Tucker,G" .W. Bei-,
and D. Gentz l987.. pH. In: J.. Wm.iams ana G: Schl1aD .eds. Rc:aiin mi~e soil and
overburden m the western U.s., analytc paameters aid proC!e.. Soil COIlerv;iÜoD Soety of Amenea .Akeny,
Iowa.
U,s.BPA. 198. Quantities of cyande-bea and acid-genratwaste.generttd by_the mining an l?neficiati
ind\lmes, and the potentita :forcontaant releas. Foom Repot. 'fA!SW/53G6/025. Versan, me. Sprield VA.
June 27.
__ 1983a. Guidance for prepaatioii of com. . blied workl qualty a.iiaice project plan for water montorig. Offce
of Water Reguations andSi:dards. U.S.EPA. WasbigtonD.C. Zl May.
_ 1982. Test method for evaluatig
solid waSte, pl:ysiclchemieà method. SW-B4. 2nd Edtion, U.s.EPA
_~___ 1983b. Methods forcbeniica anal~is ufwater andwasi:... U.s.EA Envi(lmnental Monitorig and Support
Laboratory, Reseach and Devell)pment. EPA-600l4079-0. Revi March 1983.
Waggoner, M.Per$Oiiå1 Communcation. Area engieer with theCVRWQCB, ~actameDto, CA.
Waler, S.t'ersonal OowicaûOI1 Engeeri ge,ologit wi the CVRWQCB, Sacento, CA.
WiclÇZ P.and R~ Unz. 1981. Acidophic, heterotrophic bacteria of acidic mme waters. Applied and Envion.
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Microbiology.
Windom H. J.. Byrn. R. Smitl )r.. and F. Rua. 1991.lnadeguacy of NASQAN data for assessinm.etal trends in the
Nation's'river. Eñvion. Sc. TècoL .25(6):1137-1141.
32
EXHIBIT H
EXHIBIT I
LAWRENCE S. BAZEL, STATE BAR NO. 114641
BRISCO IVESTER & BAZEL LLP
2 155 Sansome St., Seventh Floor
San Francisco, CA 94104
3 Telephone: (415) 402-2700
Facsimile: (415) 398-5630
4 Email: lbazel~briscoelaw.net
5 DANIEL P. COSTA, State Bar No. 110919
THE COSTA LAW FIRM
6 2489 Sunrise Blvd., Ste. A
Gold River, California 95670
7 Telephone: (916) 400-2734
Facsimile: (916) 400-2744
8 Email: dpc~costalaw.net
9 Attorneys for Petitioner
ROBERT LEAL
10
11
12
STATE WATER RESOURCE CONTROL BOARD
13
STATE OF CALIFORNIA
14
15
In Matter of
)
PETITION NO.:
)
16
ROBERT LEAL,
)
)
Petitioner,
17
DECLARATION OF ROBERT LEAL IN
SUPPORT OF REQUEST FOR STAY
)
)
18
)
19
For Review of Technical and Monitoring
Report Order No. R5-2010-0049 of the
California Regional Water Quality Control
20
Board, Central Valley Region, for the
)
Wide Awake Mercury Mine
)
21
)
)
)
)
)
22
23 I, ROBERT LEAL, declare:
24
1.
I am a person named in the Technical and Monitoring Report Order No. R5-2010-0049
. 25 adopted by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board - Central Valley Region on May 27,
26 2010. My business address is 950 Tharp Road, Suite 201, Yuba City, California 95993.
DECLARTION OF R08ERT LEAL IN SUPPORT OF REQUEST FOR STAY
2. I respectfully request that the State Board consider the prior declarations I have made
2 and submitted to the California Regional Water Quality Control Board - Central Valley Region on June
3 30, 2009, a copy of which is attached to this Declaration as "Exhibit i."
4 3. If a stay is not granted by the State Board, I wil suffer substantial harm since the Order
5 requires the preparation of reports by July 26, 2010 and continuing thereafter which wil cost a
6 considerable amount of money and take a considerable amount of time to prepare. Obviously, i am
7 not qualified to prepare the reports specified in the Order. I will have to hire consultants to prepare
8 the report. These consultants will require payment regardless of the outcome of this Petition.
9 Furthermore, no other party identified in the Order has expressed to me any wilingness to pay for the
10 reports required by the Order. The Regional Board has not offered to reimburse me for these
11 expenses if I prevail and I do not believe the Regional Board will reimburse if I prevaiL. Since the
12 Order requires the hiring of consultants at significant costs, and since the Regional Board cannot be
13 expected to reimburse me for these costs, I will be significantly harmed if I am required to comply with
14 the order before the Petition is considered.
15 4. In addition, there will be no substantial harm to the other interested person or to the
16 public interest if a stay is granted. i have persistently objected to the Order. None of the other
17 persons named in the Order should expect me to proceed without the filing of a Petition. None of the
18 other persons named in the Order have informed me of any willingness to proceed with the Order.
19 I expect that other parties who have appeared wil file similar Petiions. As a result, a stay would not
20 interfere with the expectations of any other interested parties or otherwise harm any other interested
21 parties.
22 5. Furthermore, the public interest will not be harmed because the stay would merely
23 maintain the status quo. Regional Board staff have concluded that the mining waste piles have been
24 on the property for more than 100 years. The Regional Board has been working on the issue
25 identified in the Order for more than 15 years. Concentrations of mercury in the waste piles on site
26 are within natural background levels and are too low to cause violations of ambient water quality
DECLARTION OF ROBERT LEAL IN SUPPORT OF REQUEST FOR STAY
standards. Since the site cannot cause a violation of water quality standards, there is no pressing
2 need for any action on the property. As such, the public interest will not be harmed.
3
6.
Finally, there are substantial questions of fact in law regarding the disputed action.
4 I have asserted that the Regional Board has acted beyond its statutory authority, contrary to black
5 letter law and even in violation of my due process rights pursuant to the United States Constitution.
6 This Order goes beyond any previous order and any State Board order identified by Regional Board
7 staff. The issues raised in this proceeding are novel and should be resolved before I am required to
8 comply with the Order.
9 I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the statements
10 made in this Declaration are true and correct and I could and would testify competently thereto.
11 Executed this~ß'l~ day of June, 2010.
12
13
14
~-.
r-37
ROBERT LEAL I
i
!
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
DECLARATION OF ROBERT LEAL IN SUPPORT OF REQUEST FOR STAY
EXHIBIT 1
JUN-28-2010 09:27
530 751 6199
630 751 5199
LA WRENCE S. BAZEL (State Bar No. 114641)
RiCHARD J. WALLACE (State Bar No. 124286)
BRISCOE IVESTER & BAZELLLP
155 Sansome Street, Seventh Floor
San Francisco, CA 94 i 04
(415) 402-2700
Fax (415) 398-5630
Attorneys for
MR. AND MRS. ROBERT and JILL LEAL
CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD
CENTRAL V ALLEY REGION
In the matter of:
DRAFT CLEANUP AND ABATEMENT ORDER
THE WIDE AWAKE MERCURY MINE
COLUSA COUNTY
Declaration of
Robert Leal
I, Robert Leal, declare:
i. I am a person named in the Draft Cleanup and Abatement Order revised as of
June 10,2009 (the "Draft Order"). My business address is 950 Tharp Road, Suite 201, Yuba
City, California 95993.
2. During the early 19908, I owned a half interest in propert identified by
Attachment B to the Draft Order as the former Wide Awake Mine (the "Site"). I never at any
time conveyed any interest in the Site to my wife, Jil LeaL.
P.02
JUN -28-2010 09: 27
3. As par of
530 751 5199
the sale of
530 751 5199
my interest in the parcels that make up the Site, the title
company insisted that my wife sign deeds conveying any interest she might have in the Site to
me, even though she did not have any interest. I understood these deeds to be a formality that
title companies insist on.
4. i am a farmer. i have never studied mining, and I have no knowledge about
mining issues. I do not have any specific knowledge about mercury, its occurrence or movement
~b
in soil or water, its chemistry or biochemistry, o~xicOlogy or risk to human health or the
environment. i never studied, and am not an expert in, chemistry, biochemistry, or toxicology.
5. I did not know that there was a former mine on the Site when i purchased my
h:terest in it. I purchased a larger area of property (the "Propert"), of which the Site was a
relatively small portion, for investment purposes. lleared about the Propert from Tom Nevis,
who controlled Goshute Corporation. Mr. Nevis had arranged to purchase the propert from
Wells Fargo Bank, but needed money to complete to transaction. I provided that money, and in
return received a half interest in the Property. The other half interest went to NBC Leasing,
another corporation controlled by Mr. Nevis.
6. i never conducted any operations on the Propert. I leased it out to the Harter
Land Company, which used it for grazing.
7. I did not lear that there was a fonner mine on the Site until I tried to sell part of
the Property to the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. The Bureau provided me with an
evaluation by their geologist dated November 6, 1992, which I understand wil be submitted to
the Regional Board as part of my comments.
8. After I found out about the former mine, 1 went to look for it. I had assumed that
it was a gold mine, and did not understand that it was a mercury mine. i was taken there by
2
P .03
JUN-28-20 1 0 09: 27
530 751 5199
530 751 5199
Roy Whiteaker, who was the real estate broker trying to sell the Site, and who owns Cal Sierra
Properties, which eventually bought the Site to LIse for hunting. We never saw anything that
looked like a mine. A II we saw was a remnant of a brick structure. I did not see any pi les of
rock or other materials. I did not, and stil do not, know what "tailings" are. Grass had grown
over the area, and there was not much to see. I did not see anything that seemed like it might
contain mercury. J did not, and stil would not, know what mercury looked like even ifI saw it.
Other that that one visit, J have never been to the Site.
9. During the time I partly owned the Site I did not know that mercury might be
leaving the Site. I did not know that anything on the Site might be causing a nuisance. No one
ever informed me, during the time of
my par ownership, that mercury might be leaving the Site
or that anything on the Site might be causing a nuisance. I had absolutely no idea that I should
be doing anything on the Site to protect public health or the environment.
I hereby declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the State of California that the
statements made in this declaration are true and correct.
~
Dated: June 30,2009
Robert Leal
3
P.04