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ReSeaRCh MaTTeRS December 2010 newsletter 1
Research Matters December 2010 newsletter KNOWLEDGE KNOWS NO BOUNDARIES. 1 The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College www.utb.edu ™ New facility to boost biomedical research Through the support of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the federal stimulus program, UTB/TSC will continue to increase their biomedical research presence in the Lower Rio Grande Valley. As UTB/TSC seeks to continue its momentum in research infrastructure development, a dedicated biomedical research facility of approximately 8,452 net square feet will break ground in 2012. This new construction will consist of six research labs, offices for investigators and support space. Located adjacent to the new Biomedical Research and Health Professions Building complex which is currently under construction, this new facility will provide research space for investigators studying diseases that affect our local community and nation. Welcome to our Division of Research newsletter, Research Matters. Whether you are a prospective student, researcher, or community member, we hope you will find the information in this and future newsletters to be useful. There are many exciting stories of research and discoveries at our university and only a small sample is contained in this first newsletter. Each newsletter will highlight a different area of research on our campus; this first issue is dedicated to biomedical/health research. Research is a unique means that we have to address major issues affecting our community. It empowers the minds of our future community leaders, health professionals, teacher, engineers, artists, and scientists. It gives us the tools to assess and correct social inequalities. It improves access to health and education. It creates solutions to an environment endangered by a fast-growing population. It constitutes an engine to transform our economy by creating well-paid jobs and paving the road for future careers. Research is a powerful tool to improve the quality of life in our community. Embracing the research enterprise will aid our South Texas region in closing the gaps with the wealthier communities/regions of the U.S. Research is also fun. Our undergraduate and graduate students, staff and faculty work together in the exciting process of discovery. One such program for undergraduate students, the MBRS RISE, is highlighted in this issue. Many of our other research areas on campus also have programs that provide opportunities for students to directly participate in research. Our community members – and particularly our young people – are counting on us to open opportunities that had been largely unavailable to them in the past. That is why, as the Vice President for Research, I am committed to direct, foster, and expand the research enterprise at UTB/TSC. UTB/TSC received a notice of grant award from the NIH earlier this year in the amount of $3,993,085.Through its continued research development efforts, UTB/TSC is moving towards becoming the leading health-related research institution that addresses the health disparities and growing health needs of this region. Health concerns are often complicated and transcend single scientific disciplines and national boundaries. A single-minded approach often leads only to limited solutions. UTB/TSC is, therefore, working to expand its biomedical/health related research through the development of an Institute for Human Health (IH²). This new institute will foster and support basic, translational, clinical, and public health research that encourages both innovation and interdisciplinary studies. The IH² will also promote collaborations of UTB/TSC scientists and health professionals with community partners as well as national and international researchers to more effectively address our most pressing health issues. UTB/TSC firmly believes that the continued development of sustainable biomedical research at their campuses will have a significant local, regional and state impact. Such programs will not only create knowledge and impact research faculty and students, they will also stimulate economic development in our community and contribute towards reducing the health disparities in our communities and state. We encourage everyone to be part of our research enterprise. Through research, you can improve the life of millions. Join us. Be part of the excitement! -Luis Colom, M.D., Ph.D. Vice President for Research The University of Texas 2 at Brownsville and Texas 7 Southmost College 2 UTB/TSC Researcher focusES on Diabetes in our community Diabetes affects many families and targets its victims regardless of age, gender or race. It has become a leading cause of death among Americans and a gateway for other health complications. Given the severity of this disease, UTB/TSC researcher Anne Rentfro, Ph.D., RN, focuses her efforts toward finding preventative measures and solutions to this epidemic affecting our region. “Brownsville is a good place to conduct diabetes research because the disorder is so prevalent, and the people here will benefit from the research resources placed in this region,” Rentfro said. Rentfro, an associate professor in the UTB/TSC nursing program, has studied the local population in order to develop preventive measures for the disease and to document its correlation with obesity. Prevalence rates are key to combating diabetes in the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Rentfro works closely with The University of Texas Health Science Center’s Regional Academic Health Center in Brownsville as one of the investigators studying diabetes and diabetes related diseases. In these local studies, over 20 percent of the population had diabetes and another 23 percent were at risk of developing diabetes. Many men had diabetes that had not yet been diagnosed (5 percent). Additionally, over 80 percent of participants were overweight or obese, which places them at high risk to develop the disease. Most of Rentfro’s work is done through the Clinical Research Unit (CRU) at the Edelstein Building at Valley Baptist Medical CenterBrownsville. This CRU is also NIH-funded as part of the Centers for Translational Studies Awards received by The University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston School Of Public Health-Brownsville Regional Campus. “Work in this area requires collaboration with many researchers to be effective. Other collaborators in this project are Drs. Susan P. FisherHoch, Belinda M. Reininger and Cristina Barroso from the Brownsville Regional Campus School of Public Health and Dr. Sarasthway Nair of UTB/TSC. Rentfro has an extensive career and has witnessed the transition of research to field implementation, based on the findings. While there are challenges facing research, the need for better health and community prosperity outweigh them. Rentfro is committed to continuing her research efforts toward finding the best ways to detect prevent and treat diabetes for the benefit of all. Dr. Anne Rentfro, Ph.D., R.N. researches preventative measures for diabetes and its correlation with obesity. Rentfro’s research interests involve seeking interventions to prevent diabetes and obesity for families. That involves “working with families between 20 and 30 years of age and developing strategies for intervention that are family focused,” she said. About 40 percent of Hispanic children between 10 and 17 years old are obese in the United States, according to the U.S.-Mexico Border Health Commission. In Texas, according to published reports, this number is even higher at 46.8 percent, with even higher numbers at the border. Rentfro recalls that what led her to a career in researching diabetes was that she was “very involved in research with a nursing emphasis, even in my undergraduate program, starting as a research assistant. And I would recommend that people do not stop their educational journey.” Rentfro has a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of Rochester in New York and a master’s in medical surgical nursing specializing in diabetes with a minor in clinical education. In 2009 she acquired her Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing from the University of Arizona where her studies focused on working with vulnerable populations, border health and biologic mechanisms of diabetes. The National Institute of Health’s Center for Minority Heath and Health Disparities funds Rentfro’s research through a grant program called Center of Excellence for Diabetes in Americans of Mexican Descent. Joseph B. McCormick is the principal investigator of this grant, which is in its second 5-year term and is scheduled to run through 2013. 3 www.utb.edu UTB/TSC scientist leads search for new epilepsy treatments Emilio Garrido Sanabria, M.D., Ph.D., delves into what goes in neuronal cells and circuits that transform a normal brain into an epileptic brain. A neuroscientist in the UTB/TSC Department of Biological Sciences, Garrido leads a group of researchers in the search for new therapeutic approaches for treating epilepsy. His research is aimed at discovering the underlying molecular mechanisms of epilepsy. By understanding what occurs in the brain during an epileptic attack, Garrido hopes to one day develop new treatments to combat the devastating neurological disease which affects more than two million Americans. Garrido said that approximately 30 percent of epilepsy patients cannot be treated by conventional pharmacological methods. The challenge is to find new drugs to help those patients whose disease cannot be treated with existing approaches. His research laboratory is federally funded by the National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Strokes (NINDS), which is division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Garrido joined UTB/TSC as a research assistant professor in 2003. He was promoted to assistant professor in 2004 and associate professor in 2009. Over this time, he has developed a research program in the neurobiology of epilepsy and has mentored multiple graduate and undergraduate students in neuroscience research. His laboratory has adopted cell and molecular biology techniques, histology, electrophysiology and functional imaging to investigate the basic mechanisms of this neurological disorder. UTB/TSC students participating in the lab learn those lab techniques while investigating the basic mechanisms of epilepsy. They use those skills in the laboratory team’s cutting-edge research to find the causes and cures for epilepsy. His research areas include development of gene therapies and nanotechnology for the treatment of epilepsy. In this area, Garrido’s laboratory is collaborating with a biotechnology company, Synergene Therapeutics, and with a leader in the area of nanomedicine, Dr. Esther Chang from Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center at Georgetown University. Garrido is very active in applying for funding, forming synergistic collaborations with other scientists and publishing his work. His research activities are supported by grants from an NIH/NINDS Support of Competitive Research Advancement Award. He also recently submitted a multiple-principle-investigator proposal with Professor Patric Stanton from New York Medical College of Medicine. The proposal is for a Research Project Grant (R01) from NIH/NINDS that will use advanced neuroimaging techniques (two-photon confocal microscopy) to address scientific problems in epilepsy. He is also currently collaborating with Dr. Romanovicz and Dr. Jones from The University of Texas at Austin in a project involving electron microscopy. Furthermore, Garrido’s research has produced 12 publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals in the last three years, which were co-authored by more than 10 UTB/TSC students. Garrido earned his M.D. from the Institute of Medical Sciences, Havana, Cuba, in 1995 and his Ph.D. in neuroscience from the Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (Federal University at Sao Paulo), Brazil, in 1999. He continued his education with postdoctoral training in the Department of Physiology at Hebrew University, the Physiology Institute at Humbolt University, Berlin, and the University of MarylandBaltimore School of Medicine before joining UTB/TSC in 2003. Dr. Emilio Garrido, M.D., Ph.D. engages in research for new approaches to treat epilepsy. The University of Texas 4 at Brownsville and Texas 5 Southmost College 4 UTB/TSC students RISE to the occasion Students who want a head start on careers in biomedical or behavioral research have an enticing opportunity available to them at UTB/TSC. The Minority Biomedical Research Support (MBRS) Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (R.I.S.E.) pairs UTB/TSC faculty mentors with science-minded undergraduates who have a passion for research. Under the guidance of a faculty member and with support from the National Institute for Health (NIH), the students get paid $10 per hour for hands-on experience they receive in a biomedical-sciences research laboratory and enjoy opportunities to participate in workshops on and off campus. To gain admission to the MBRS-R.I.S.E. program, full-time science students must have a 3.0 GPA and must maintain that average to continue in the program. Candidates are encouraged to sit for the SAT or ACT prior to admission, and they must submit a written essay on their desire to take part in a biomedical research program. “Most of all they must have the desire to get their Ph.D.,” said Sandra Gerace, MBRS-R.I.S.E. program coordinator at UTB/TSC. Research opportunities currently available or that will be available to students are diverse. They include research into diseases including Alzheimer’s, epilepsy, cancer, diabetes, tuberculosis and infectious diseases. Other research areas include bioengineering, bioinformatics, chemistry, forensic science, medicinal plants, neuroscience, nutrition, obesity, biophysics, psychology and public health. MBRS-R.I.S.E. is designed to increase the number of minorities completing undergraduate degrees and continuing on to Ph.D. degrees in biomedical sciences. Students accepted into the MBRS-R.I.S.E. program also participate in summer research programs at cooperating institutions such as Rice University, Michigan State University, University of Pennsylvania, Brown University, University of Utah and Texas A&M University. Graduates of the program have continued their education and research at universities such as Harvard University, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Colorado State University and The University of Texas Medical Branches in Galveston, Houston and San Antonio. The program has accomplished much toward providing UTB/ TSC students with research and professional opportunities they may otherwise not have had, said Dr. Eldon Nelson, dean of the school of health sciences and the principal investigator for the MBRS-R.I.S.E. project. Prior to the program’s start here in 2004, there were very few UTB/TSC students engaged in scientific research, especially on the biomedical side, he said. The R.I.S.E. program is now in its seventh year and has received more than $2 million in grant support from the NIH. R.I.S.E. is part of NIH’s Minority Biomedical Research Support program, which is geared to strengthening the research capabilities of minority institutions and providing for student participation in research. Seventeen students are enrolled in the R.I.S.E. program for 2010-2011, and they work up to 15 hours per week in the laboratory, depending on their individual program. Most participants are juniors and seniors, though a few underclassmen are admitted into a limited phase of the program. The R.I.S.E. program at UTB/TSC is supported by award no. R25GM065925 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. The content of this article is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. “The program has been quite extraordinary at this university,” Nelson said. RISE students at SACNAS National Conference One of the opportunities Nelson cited was the Sept. 29 through Oct. 3 annual meeting of the Society for Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS), which was held in Anaheim, Calif. Through grant support from the NIH and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, 15 UTB/TSC scholars attended the meeting. Three of the UTB/TSC scholars presented research projects from the summer program, including Chief Scholar Ileana Garcia. Garcia, whose interest in science dates back to the 6th grade, said that gaining admission to the UTB/TSC program was more than an opportunity to do lab research. Participation also meant workshops in mathematics and humanities and contact with prominent scientists from other institutions that will open doors to future opportunities. “We are able to network with those scientists,” she said. Garcia, a neuroscience researcher working on finding treatments for epilepsy, plans to apply for admission to graduate programs at 10 universities. Her goal is a research career in the pharmaceutical or other biomedical industries. 5 www.utb.edu Congratulations Since Sept. 1, 2009, UTB/TSC has received over $15.6 million in new research grant awards. Four of these awards are supported through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) program. Congratulations to the following principal and co-investigators on their new grant awards to support their research initiatives: • Dr. Eric Linder. (Biological Sciences), Palo Alto Battlefield Bird Monitoring Project from the National Park Service ($4,857) • Dr. Michael Van Wagenen. (History), Develop a Cultural Landscape Inventory of the 1846 Era Fort Brown Texas (American Battlefield Program), National Park Service ($26,000) • Dr. Elizabeth Heise. (Chemistry and Environmental Sciences), Water Quality Management Planning under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, Subaward from Texas A&MKingsville - ARRA ($47,594) • Dr. Luis Colom. (Division of Research), Construction of a Biomedical Research Facility at UTB/TSC, National Institutes of Health and ARRA ($3,993,085) • Dr. Eric Linder. (Biological Sciences), Potential Importance of the Tamaulipas Laguna Madre as Winter Habitat for the Piping Plover, Canadian Wildlife ($23,005) • Dr. Malik Rakhmanov. (Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy), Light Storage and Amplification in Photonic Crystal Nanocavities, Subaward from Rice University ($181,292) • Drs. Luis Colom, Michael Lehker, Daniele Provenzano, and Emilio Garrido. (Center for Biomedical Studies), Developing Biomedical Research Infrastructure at UTB/TSC, National Institutes of Health ($2,595,038) • Drs. Liyu Zhang, Hansheng Lei and Lappoon Tang. (Computer Sciences), Promoting Postbaccaulaureate Opportunities for Hispanic Americans, Department of Education ($2,595,038) • Drs. Mario Diaz, Fredrick Jenet, Volker Quetschke Matthew Benacquista and Malik Rakhmanov. (Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy), Center for Gravitational Astronomy, NASA ($5,000,000) • Dr. Teviet Creighton. (Center for Gravitational Wave Astronomy), Radio Telescopes and Gravitational-Wave Observatories: Two Windows on the Same Universe, National Science Foundation and ARRA ($80,000) • Drs. Hansheng Lei, Juan R. Iglesias, Matthew Benacquista and Soma Mukherjee. (Computer Sciences and Physics), MRI: Acquisition of Futuro: A Computing Cluster for Integrated Research and Education, National Science Foundation and ARRA ($704,293) The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College 6 2009-2010 biomedical/health related research publications by UTB/TSC faculty include: Barroso CS, Kelder SH, Springer AE, Smith CL, Ranjit N, Ledingham C, Hoelscher DM. (2009) Senate Bill 42: implementation and impact on physical activity in middle schools. J Adolesc Health. 45(3 Suppl):S82-90. Bartholomeusz C, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Kazansky A, Krishnamurthy S, Liu P, Yuan LX, Yamasaki F, Liu S, Hayashi N, Zhang D, Esteva FJ, Hortobagyi GN, Ueno NT. (2010) PEA-15 inhibits tumorigenesis in an MDA-MB-468 triple-negative breast cancer xenograft model through increased cytoplasmic localization of activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Clin Cancer Res. 16(6):1802-11. Bell AJ, Guerra C, Phung V, Nair S, Seetharam R, Satir P. (2009) GEF1 is a ciliary Sec7 GEF of Tetrahymena thermophila. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 66(8):483-99 Isokawa M. (2009) Time-dependent induction of CREB phosphorylation in the hippocampus by the endogenous cannabinoid. Neurosci Lett.,457(1):53-7. Kodirov SA, Jasiewicz J, Amirmahani P, Psyrakis D, Bonni K, Wehrmeister M, Lutz B. (2010) Endogenous cannabinoids trigger the depolarization-induced suppression of excitation in the lateral amygdala. Learn Mem 17: 43-49. Kodirov SA, Zhuravlev VL, Safonova TA, Kurilova LS, Krutetskaya ZI. (2010) Superfamily of voltage dependent K+ channels: structure, functions and pathology. Tsitologiia. 52: 697-714. Berrout J, Isokawa M. (2009) Homeostatic and stimulus-induced coupling of the L-type Ca2+ channel to the ryanodine receptor in the hippocampal neuron in slices. Cell Calcium. 46(1):30-8. Lee Y, Tharp WG, Dixon AE, Spaulding L, Trost S, Nair S, Permana PA, Pratley RE. (2009). Dysregulation of CB1 expression in subcutaneous adipocytes of obese individuals. Animal Cells and Systems 13:371-379. Colom LV, Castañeda MT, Bañuelos C, Puras G, García-Hernández A, Hernandez S, Mounsey S, Benavidez J, Lehker C. (2010) Medial septal beta-amyloid 1-40 injections alter septo-hippocampal anatomy and function. Neurobiol Aging. 31(1):46-57. Lee Y, Tokraks S, Nair S, Bogardus C and Permana PA. (2009) Identification of Novel “Alternatively spliced Transcripts of RBMS3 in Skeletal Muscle with correlations to insulin action in vivo” J. Exp. Biomed. Sci. 15:301-307 Cuellar JN, Isokawa M (2010 accepted) Ghrelin-induced increase in pCREB expression and its negative regulation by endogenous cannabinoid in the hippocampus. Neuropharmacology. Ermolinsky BS, Skinner F, Garcia I, Arshasamanb MF, Otalora LF, Zarei MM, Garrido-Sanabria ER. (2010 in press) Upregulation of STREX splice variant of the large conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium (BK) channel in a rat model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosci Res. Estrada NM, Isokawa M. (2009) Metabolic Demand Stimulates CREB Signaling in the Limbic Cortex: Implication for the Induction of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity by Intrinsic Stimulus for Survival. Front Syst Neurosci.3:5. McCormick JB, Yan C, Ballou J, Salinas Y, Reininger B, Gay J, Cavillo F, Wilson J. Gaines, Lopez L, Fisher-Hoch SP. (2010) Local response to H1N1 in a US Mexico border community: local experience with the national preparedness plan. Biosecurity and Bioterrorism: Biodefense Strategy, Practice, and Science 8(3): 1-10. McEwen MM, Rentfro A, Vincent D. (2009) Diabetes care in the US–México border region. Nurse Practitioner, 34(3), 14-21. Metzler R, Ambjornsson T, Hanke A, Fogedby HC. (2009) Single DNA denaturation and bubble dynamics, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21, 034111. Fisher-Hoch SP, Rentfro AR, Salinas JJ, Perez A, Brown HS, Reininger BM, Restrepo BI, Wilson JG, Hossain MM, Rahbar MH, Hanis CM, McCormick JB. (2010) Socioeconomic status and prevalence of obesity and diabetes in a Mexican American community, Cameron County, Texas, 2004–2007, Preventing Chronic Disease, 7(3):1-10. García-Hernández A, Bland BH, Facelli JC, Colom LV. (2010) Septohippocampal networks in chronic epilepsy. Exp Neurol. 222(1):86-92. Garrido-Sanabria E, Pacheco LF, Skinner F, Oliveira MS, Garcia I, Farrel B, Arshadmansab MF, Pandari T, Robles L, Rosas G, Ermolinsky BS, Mello CF. (2010 accepted) Chronic deficit in the expression of voltage-gated potassium channel Kv3.4 subunit in the hippocampus of pilocarpine-treated epileptic rats. Brain Research 7 Guevara J Jr, Prashad N, Ermolinsky B, Gaubatz JW, Kang D, Schwarzbach AE, Loose DS, Guevara NV. (2010) Apo B100 similarities to viral proteins suggest basis for LDL-DNA binding and transfection capacity. J Lipid Res., 51(7):1704-18. Montoya JA, Salina J, Reininger B, Barroso C, Mitchell-Bennett L. (2010) Nativity and nutritional behaviors in the Mexican origin population living in the US-Mexico border region. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. DOI 10.1007/s10903-010-9342-8 Oliveira MS, Furian AF, Rambo LM, Ribeiro LR, Royes LF, Ferreira J, Calixto JB, Otalora LF, Garrido-Sanabria ER, Mello CF. (2009) Prostaglandin E2 modulates Na+,K+ATPase activity in rat hippocampus: implications for neurological diseases. J Neurochem., 109(2):416-26. Oliveira MS, Skinner F, Arshadmansab MF, Garcia I, Mello CF, Knaus HG, Ermolinsky BS, Otalora LF, Garrido-Sanabria ER. (2010) Altered expression and function of smallconductance (SK) Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels in pilocarpine-treated epileptic rats. Brain Res., 1348:187-99. www.utb.edu Reininger BM, Barroso CS, Mitchell-Bennett L, Cantu E, Fernandez ME, Gonzalez DA, Chavez M, Freeberg D, McAlister A. (2010) Process evaluation and participatory methods in an obesity-prevention media campaign for Mexican Americans. Health Promot Pract. 11(3):347-57. Rentfro AR, McEwen M, Ritter L. (2009) Perspectives for practice: Translating estimated average glucose (eAG) to promote diabetes self-management capacity. The Diabetes Educator, 35(4), 581-594. Rentfro AR, Nino JC, Pones RM, Innis-Whitehouse W, Barroso CS, Rhabar MH, McCormick JB, Fisher-Hoch SP. (2010 accepted for publication) Associations among adiposity, biological markers of disease and insulin resistance in Mexican American adolescents. Preventing Chronic Disease. Zou, B, Wilson J Gaines, Zhan FB and Zeng Y. (2009) Air pollution exposure assessment methods utilized in epidemiological studies. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 11: 475-490. Zou B, Wilson J Gaines, Zhan FB. (2009) An emission-weighted proximity model for air pollution exposure assessment. Science of the Total Environment 407: 4939-4945. Zou B, Zhan FB, Wilson J Gaines, Zeng Y. (2010) Performance of AERMOD at different temporal scales. Simulation Modeling Practice and Theory 18: 612-23. Salinas J, McCormick JB, Rentfro A, Hanis C, Hossain MM, Fisher-Hoch SP. (2010) The missing men: High risk and low use of health care in men of Mexican origin. American Journal of Men’s Health, 4(4), first published on October 7, 2010 doi:10.1177/1557988310379390 Tian N, Goovaerts P, Zhan FB, Wilson J Gaines. (2010) Identification of racial disparities in breast cancer mortality: does scale matter? International Journal of Health Geographics 9:35. Tian N, Wilson J Gaines, Zhan FB. (2010) Female breast cancer mortality clusters within racial groups in the United States. Health and Place 16: 209-18. Vetcher AA, McEwen AE, Abujarour R, Hanke A, Levene SD. (2010) Gel mobilities of linking-number topoisomers and their dependence on DNA helical repeat and elasticity, Biophysical Chemistry 148, 104. Wilson J Gaines, Ballou J, Yan C, Fisher-Hoch SP, et al. (2010) Utilizing spatiotemporal analysis of influenzalike illness and rapid tests to focus swine-origin influenza virus intervention. Health and Place 16:1230-9. Wilson J Gaines, Kingham S, Pearce J. (2010) Air pollution and restricted activity days among New Zealand school children. International Journal of Environment and Pollution 41: 140-154. Zou B, Wilson J Gaines, Zhan FB, Zeng Y. (2009) Spatially differentiated and source specific population exposure to ambient urban air pollution. Atmospheric Environment 43: 3981 - 3988. The newsletter was supported by Award Number G11HD060437, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Eunice Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College Office of the Vice President for Research (956) 882-5064 • [email protected] 8