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ASL 1 Unit 5 Culture Notes
ASL 1 Unit 5 Culture Notes ADA- What does it stand for? ADA- American’s with Disabilities Act Federal law requires equal access to information and services for all people, regardless of disability Think of ramps to classrooms and visual fire alarms Interpreters Sign language interpreters are a way for deaf and hearing people to have equal access to each other. Interpreters sign what is heard and voice what is signed If you use an interpreter, talk directly to the Deaf person- don’t say “Ask him” Make eye contact with the Deaf person, not the interpreter. Education options: Residential School that uses ASL Residential School that uses the Oral Method and do NOT sign Attend a public school (Mainstreamed) Residential Schools A residential school is a school specifically for D/deaf students. Residential schools either use sign (manual method) or forbid sign (oral method) The first school for Deaf people opened in the US in 1817- The American School for the Deaf. They used the manual method. Residential Schools There is usually only 1 school for deaf children in each state (depending on the state size and population of deaf people) Some students will stay at school during the week and return home on weekends and vacations. This is a place where being Deaf is normalDeaf teachers, sports teams, administrators, etc. Even if a person who works there is hearing, they can sign. Everyone on campus signs!!! Oral Schools (Oral Method) These schools strive to teach deaf students to speak and speech read. The focus is on the “Hearing World” Rarely (if ever) are students allowed to sign The schools are usually preschool-8th grade. Learning to speak is a long and challenging process for many deaf people Mainstream Some deaf students attend a public school or are mainstreamed Often there are very few deaf students in a public school- this can be lonely and frustrating at times Students will wear hearing aids, teachers use a microphone, and/or there will be an interpreter in the classroom. HISTORY: Milan Conference Occurred in Milan Italy in 1880 Enforced the oral method over the manual method The only country against this change was the US This had a huge impact on deaf people: Deaf teachers lost their jobs Students had to sign in secret or be punished Sign language could have been “lost” Organizations were developed to protect the rights of deaf people and sign language Gallaudet University Founded in 1864- the world’s only liberal arts university designed specifically for Deaf and hard of hearing students. In Washington D.C. All courses taught in ASL Hearing students may attend but they must demonstrate fluency in ASL Definitions Prelingual Deafness: Going deaf before learning a language (first 5 years of life) Postlingual Deafness: Going deaf after learning a language (after 5 years of life) How to sign “Mr. and Mrs.” There are no signs for Mr., Mrs., or Miss in ASL. Show respect by using a person’s sign name and respectful facial expressions. If you are late: In formal situations in Deaf culture be ready to give a detailed explanation of why you are late. This is considered polite in Deaf Culture. Time Spot Used to communicate the hour and minute Number begins at the wrist All time signs face outwards including numbers 1-5 Classifiers Handshapes in ASL that represents a class of shared characteristics The handshape conveys details contributing to the overall concept of the sign as well as the signs meaning Often used in ASL storytelling and when describing things Represented by CL: CL:B (see page 193) Walk/Step Walls, doors Flat surface like a table or ground Flag waving Boat on waves CL: 1 An individual- walking, hunching over, moving quickly, falling over, etc. Can increase number for more people up to 5 for a crowd Can also be cylindrical objects like logs or poles CL: 3 Wheeled Vehicles like cars, bikes, or motorcycles How would you show these? CL: ʌ Represents actions of a person’s legs or eyes Laying down, jumping, falling, how you walk, where you look etc.