Advances in Environmental Biology

Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(6) Special 2014, Pages: 3022-3026
AENSI Journals
Advances in Environmental Biology
ISSN-1995-0756
EISSN-1998-1066
Journal home page: http://www.aensiweb.com/aeb.html
Effect of Different Levels of Foliar Application Amino Chelate Manganese on
Yield, Yield Components and Grain Manganese Concentration in Wheat
Cultivars
1
Tabatabaei, S.A., 2A. Morovate and 3A. Soltanzadeh
1
Faculty member, Agriculturale and Natural Resources Research Center of Yazd. Iran.
Faculty member of Islamic Azad University, Maybod. Iran.
3
MS.c of Agronomy
2
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received 15 April 2014
Received in revised form 22 May
2014
Accepted 25 May 2014
Available online 15 June 2014
Key words:
wheat, MN, growth, density, grain
yield
ABSTRACT
To study the effect of foliar application concentrations of amino chelate manganese on
yield and yield components of wheat four cultivars, 90-1389 experimental farm in a
split plot design based on randomized complete block design with three replications
was conducted in Yazd Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources Main
plots consisted foliar application on wheat growth stages (tiller ,stem elongation and
cluster), various subplots foliar application concentrations at three levels (2 and 4 in
thousand) And sub-sub plots consisted of four wheat cultivars parsi, Sivand, Arg ,Bam.
Results showed significantly increased foliar concentrations of 4 per thousand of
wheatear, number of grains per wheatear, thousand grain weight, grain and straw yield
was So that maximum grain yield (6271 kg ha) produced. The figures are also varieties
of pars (6772 kg ha) had the highest grain yield. . The results showed a correlation
between grain yield and yield components like spike length (r=0/46), number of grains
per spike (r=0/66), spike level (r=0/68) and grain weight (r=0/74) had a significant
positive correlation.
© 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.
To Cite This Article: Tabatabaei, S.A., A. Morovate and A. Soltanzadeh., Effect of Different Levels of Foliar Application Amino Chelate
Manganese on Yield, Yield Components and Grain Manganese Concentration in Wheat Cultivars. Adv. Environ. Biol., 8(6), 3022-3026,
2014
INTRODUCTION
Wheat (Tritium Aestivum L.) is undoubtedly the most important crop [1] and among the few crops that are
cultivated as a food source for a broad, it plays a major role in agriculture is probably the key to start [18].
Nutritional value of wheat, having a special place in the country has strategic products. . To achieve selfsufficiency in agricultural products, particularly the strategic crop yield rates need to be increased the role of
micronutrients and nutrients to increase crop yield and quality improvement is very important [8]. Among the
micronutrients elements manganese in photosynthetic oxygen release due to his role in breaking the water
molecule has an important role in the photosynthesis process, The effect of manganese deficiency resulting in
disruption of photosynthesis, particularly in root soluble carbohydrate to be greatly reduced Resulting reduction
in the number of grains per panicle and seed weight and seed yield is finally. Grains, especially wheat allergy
reported a lack of micronutrients such as manganese than other crops and the lack of these elements in soil can
reduce crop yield. Total intake of micro-nutrients in advanced about 2-4 percent of the total fertilizer
consumption although this value is very small in our country and around 0.2 percentage is (10.17). It is reported
for each unit increase in soil pH, concentrations of elements such as zinc and manganese are reduced 100-fold
[9]. This issue especially in many parts of Iran, which has a dominant calcareous soil and calcium cations in the
soil solution and thus causing MN solubility due to high concentration of calcium carbonate (CaCO2) and
alkaline pH decreases is important [14]. The positive effects of manganese application on yield and yield
components Bourbour and Tehrani [3] showed manganese fertilizer application increased seed yield and yield
components was a leading figure. Also Rahimi Chegeni and colleagues [6] also expressed significant effects of
manganese sulfate fertilizer application on grain yield of spring wheat varieties, Shiraz and was a pioneer.
Sadana and Nayar [23] reported a soil application and foliar manganese sulfate yield from 6/1 to 4/2 tons per
hectare increase. Other researchers have also used a significant effect on yield and yield components of wheat
cultivars reported MN [10,7,4] Depends on the aggregate amount of micronutrients such as manganese uptake
Corresponding Author: Tabatabaei, Faculty member, Agriculturale and Natural Resources Research Center of Yazd. Iran.
Tel: +983517212414 Fax: +983517222261 E-mail: [email protected]
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Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(6) Special 2014, Pages: 3022-3026
by the roots of these elements during seed development stage and re-seed the elements of the plant tissue
through phloem It is and remobilization of this depends on a lot to move through each element in the phloem
[16]. In this context, Preston and Ranjl [22], expressed as manganese remobilization from leaves to grain is very
low. As a result of this nutrient may be disrupted, foliar application it could have an impact on the quantity and
quality of products such as wheat, can play an important strategic Therefore, this study was designed to
investigate the effect of various amounts of soluble fertilizer containing MN at different growth stages of wheat
conducted.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
90-1389 summer research in the field of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center, Yazd
province location latitude and 52 degrees 55 minutes east longitude and 29 degrees 52 minutes north elevation
of 1234 meters above sea level implemented. After selecting the appropriate field to determine the physical and
chemical properties
Table 1: Results of soil analysis and place of test implementation.
Soil texture
Electrical
Acidity
conductivity (ds/m)
Loumi siliti
4
7/44
Sodium
Sodium
Calcium
Solution( meq/l)
Solution (meq/l)
Solution (meq / l)
25/5
14
53
Organic matter (%)
0/244
Soluble potassium
(meq / l)
100
Manganese
DTPA
3/68
Phosphorus
absorbs ion (mg /
kg)
10/74
Total nitrogen (%)
0/02
Depth of
sampling
0-30
Than 30-0 cm depth soil samples were composed of soil test results is presented in Table 1. Split-split plot
experiment (two time split plot) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots
consisted of three levels of foliar (a1 = tilling), (a2 = stem elongation) and (a3 =spike) ), Various subplots foliar
application concentration levels 1b = control, 2b = two thousand 3b = and four hundred and the subplots accessory four wheat cultivars 1C = Persian, 2C = Sivand, 3C = Arg, 4C = Bam And the subplots - accessory
four wheat cultivars 1C = Persian, 2C = Sivand, 3C = A Each unit consists of 4 lines of experimental planting
distance of 20 cm and a length of 8 meters. Subplots intervals - accessory subplots of 50 cm and a distance of
one meter and two meters between the main plot and repeat interval was two meters about a month before
planting the seed bed preparation, including plowing, packing and leveling soil plots were performed. Amounts
of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers for triple superphosphate and potassium sulfate, respectively, the
sources added based on soil test Urea nitrogen in the form. of wheat growth stages of tilling, stem elongation
and flowering plants were periodically using, Finally sowing wheat seeds were disinfected by 350 plants per
square meter, based on thousand grain weight was calculated for each plot was conducted on Sunday ,number
16 ,2010. Immediately after planting, the land was irrigated. Overall irrigation planting stage, tilling, stem
elongation and heading every 7-10days depending on weather conditions were done. During the fight the growth
of weeds was done manually. ¬ for measuring characteristics such as plant height and spike length before
harvest of 10 plants from each plot were randomly selected and the mean ¬ plots were used as indicators. In
order to count the number of infertile and fertile tillers ¬, where ¬ in each plot were counted and the number of
lines specified. . To calculate the number spikes per square meter using a wooden box (with size 0/5square
meters) for each sub-plot, obtained as the average spike count and spike level was considered After to
physiological maturity, the number of 10 randomly selected spike, number of spikelet’s per counted and then
the seeds were counted and separated from the spike Finally, on Monday, May 30, 2011.after the sidelines
effects than acting harvest each experimental unit in and total biomass, grain yield and straw yield were
determined in the field. And harvest index economic well divide the total biomass yield × 100, respectively.
1000 until the grains are counted by machine, seed counters, and seed weight were used as weights
Measurement of chlorophyll milky stage wheat in May to help set CCM-200 chlorophyll to gauge was done
Thus, the chlorophyll content of each test sample 5 from 3-point elementary, middle, and end up in flag leaf and
the mean was obtained data as an indicator of the unit. Seed manganese concentration measure ¬ after sample
preparation, the use of atomic absorption The data into Excel software and data analysis software ¬ using
MSTAT-C was performed The comparison was done by Duncan test at 5% probability level
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Analysis of variance revealed a simple effect ¬ spray solution concentration on the characteristics of the
spike, grain weight, straw yield and performance in% probability level (P <0/01) and the number of kernels per
cent probability level (P <0/05) was significant. Analysis of variance showed a simple effect ¬ spray solution
concentration on the characteristics of the spike, grain weight, straw yield and performance in% probability
level (P <0/01) and the number of kernels per cent probability level (P <0/05) was significant. . The simple
effect of cultivar on index plant height, spike length, spike, and number of grains per spike, grain weight,
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Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(6) Special 2014, Pages: 3022-3026
biological yield, grain yield and straw yield was significant at the one percent level of probability. This results in
a significant effect of manganese on grain yield and its components results Bourbour and Tehrani [3], Chegeni
Rahimi and colleagues [6], Sylspour and colleagues [7], Mostafavi Rad and colleagues [10] and gahramani et al.
[4] is consistent [2,6,10]. The results showed an average comparison concentration of 4-amino chelated
manganese dissolved in 1000, the highest number of spikes per square meter (622/3), number of grains per spike
(43/2), seed weight (56/89 g), grain yield (6271 kg ha) and straw yield (9983 kg ha) produced (table 2) Tandn
[24] also observed that Mn significantly increased yield similar results by Aggarwal [11] have been reported. In
general, given important role of manganese in the photosynthetic process, especially in root soluble
carbohydrate s will greatly increase Resulting in an increased number of grains per spike and grain weight and
will ultimately yield [21]. Another reason for the positive effect of MN application.
Table 2: Comparison half-value solution concentrations of characteristics of foliar.
Straw yield
The grain yield
Thousand grain
Number of grains
(Kg ha)
(Kg ha)
weight
Spike
(G)
b7740
b5163
b49/80
b39/13
b 8596
b 5571
b51/78
ab41/04
a9983
a6271
a56/89
a43/20
b7740
b5163
b49/80
b39/13
Number of spikes
per level
seed-treatment
b552/5 44411
a592/1
a622/3
b552/5 44411
Evidence
2 in 1000
4 in 1000
Evidence
Common letters in each column mean no significant difference at the 5% level according to Duncan are
Increased yield could be due to its important role in metabolic processes, including activation of the enzyme in
plant cells such as carboxylase and dehydrogenase in tri-carboxylic acid cycle [19]. In this context, A Chres [12]
and Bardbr [13] expressed that the use of manganese in soils deficient ¬ element has a great effect on the growth
and yield of wheat. General fertilizers application containing micronutrients in addition to increasing the
production and enrichment of wheat seed produces a root more and be stronger If that happens, it will be certain
foliar The number of digits in Farsi characters spike levels (653/2), Number of grains per spike (47/15), seed
weight (60/68 mg), total biomass (17610 kg ha), grain yield (6772 kg ha) and straw yield (10,840 kg ha) had the
highest value (table3). These results indicate that significant numbers of work ¬ micronutrient fertilizer
containing MN on seed yield varied and thus different performance shows that these results are already Chegeni
by Rahimi and colleagues [6] have been reported In other words, the ability of different cultivars in nutrient
absorption
Table 3: Comparison of average genotype effect.
Seed
The grain
Total
Thousand
Number of
Number of
Spike
Plant
cultivate)
yield
biomass
grain weight
grains
spikes per
length
height
(Kg ha)
(Kg ha)
(G)
Per spike
level
(Cm)
(Cm)
parsi
a6772
a17610
a60/68
a47/15
a653/2
b9/92
c93/94
sivand
b 5997
b 14720
b53/71
b43/24
b614/2
b9/98
c92/86
arq
d4648
d12000
d46/45
d34/76
d518/6
a10/70
a100/7
bam
c 5255
c 13440
c50/45
c39/35
c569/9
a10/47
b99/01
Common letters in each column averages are no significant difference at the 5% level according to Duncan's test.
Straw yield
(Kg ha)
a10840
b 8719
c7351
b8184
That vary the result ¬ specific fertilizer recommendations should be made for each digit [20]. The same can
be seen in Table analysis of variance there was no significant effect of seed manganese concentration on the
rate (Table 2) As mentioned remobilization of Mn from leaves much less grain and Ranjl Preston [22] And this
has led. Even increased foliar concentrations of MN Zinc seed is no significant effect of the present results with
the results and Monasteriyu Kalderiyny [15] is consistent Results showed that grain yield, yield components
such as grain weight, grain per spike, number of spike correlation was significant (Table 4) The results of the
comparison was that the Persian digits with a maximum amount of yield traits were listed (Table 3) These
results have also been reported previously by other researchers [5,10]. Plant height had a significant positive
correlation with the number of spikes that seem to appear with increasing plant height, spike increased the index
is the result of both the increase in biomass (biomass) significantly increased the yield will It is suggested that
these two traits in reforming high yielding varieties should be considered. Seed manganese concentration indices
of spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight, biomass, grain yield and straw yield significant positive
correlation was found (Table 4).
Table 4: Simple correlation coefficients between some indicators of examine.
Properties
1
2
3
4
One. plant height
1
Two. Spike length
0/38 *
1
3. Levels Number of
0/60 **
-0/37 *
1
spikes per
4. The number of grains
0/36 *
-0/47 **
0/62 **
1
per spike
5
6
7
8
9
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Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(6) Special 2014, Pages: 3022-3026
5. Thousand grain
weight
6. Biomass
7. The grain yield
-0/32 *
-0/39 *
0/61 **
ns
-0/2
1
0/69 **
-0/18
0/47 **
0/46 **
0/50 **
0/68 **
0/53 **
0/66 **
0/55 **
0/74 **
1
0/84 **
**
**
**
**
ns
**
8. Performance Straw
0/68
0/18
0/43
0/44
ns
ns
9. Concentration of
0/2
0/15
0/39 *
0/38 *
manganese contents
Ns: non-significant, ** and * respectively significant at the 1% level and 5%
ns
0/46
0/59 **
0/95
0/34 *
1
0/61 **
0/51 **
1
0/41 *
1
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