Microcomputer Application on Testing System in Food Palatable Strength

Microcomputer Application on Testing System in Food Palatable
Strength
GUO Li YANG Fang
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin Heilongjiang 150030
[email protected]
Abstract
In view of the requirement of food quality test we put forward food palatable strength testing system.
According to mechanic principle of tooth chew food, data acquisition system and PC software platform
were designed. The system accomplished date storage, calculate and processing.
Key words: SCM; Palatable strength; Cutting machine
Foreword
As the people’s living standard improving, the demand for food is also increasing. Facing so many kind
of food how does people to choose from? It was through the ancient way-taste (chewing)- to judge a
certain food being good or bad, however, because it was their own mental physical and hobbies, and
other factors directly affect the differences rating, and even the same food have different conclusions,
leaving the rating lose comparability. Thus finding a method of food scientific testing is very necessary,
for which we put foreword. The concept of “food palatable power” At present the test of food palatable
remains a gap in our country. Food palatable strength as a standard to assess food quality can regulate
food production, processing and promote the development of the food industry. It is therefore necessary
to design a study of economic, practical advanced food palatable strength detection system.
1 The holistic design of the system
The system was designed base on the mechanical principle of tooth chewing food. The design of the
system mainly includes three parts: the design of food cutting machine, the design of date collecting
system and the design of PC software platform. The design of date collecting system includes the design
of hardware circuit and software of SCM. The framework of the system was shown in figure 1.
specimen
Cutting force
Voltage signal
PC
SCM
Keyboard&Display
Reset
Figure1 The framework of the system
2 concrete system design
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amplify
A/D
Warning
2.1 The design of cutting machine
2.1.1 The testing principle of cutting machine
When cutting food, the requisite stress was affected by sheared area and the mechanical nature of the
food itself. To avoid the effect of cross-section size of food, use cutting stress Fb divide A
(cross-section area)
Fb
Defined:
τb =
A
τb was named cutting strength, it only have to do with the material of the specimen, have
nothing to do with the area of cross-section. This also indicates that in the same cross-sectional area two
different nature of food when be sheared the cutting stress Fb1 and Fb2 direct ratio withτb1 andτb2,
That is:
τ
F
b1
Fb 2
=
b1
τ b2
Thus cutting stressτb can be used denote the mechanical identity of food, therefore τb can be
used measure food palatable norm.
2.1.2 The mechanical structure of the cutting machine
The cutting machine made up of the mainly-blade and aid-blade. As shown in figure 2. The
mainly-blade connected with the sensor by bolt, the aid-blade linked to the vertical structure. As shown
in figure 3.
Figure 2 Mainly-blade and aid-blade
Figure 3
A. fan-shaped panel B. inferior slideway panel C. slideway panel D. oriented slideway
E. blade support F. mainly-blade G. press haulm H. aid-blade I. electric motor
J. sensor K. reposition spring L. back panel
When press the controlling button the electric motor begins rotating clockwise, the whole machinery
move outward along the chute, when encountered the spacing switch, electric motor stop, and then
rotate anti-clockwise until encountered another spacing switch electric motor will stop immediately, here
the cutting experiment can be done. Put the specimen of the food on the mainly-blade, and then press the
starting button start cutting. When press the out-in button the whole machinery will get into the inside of
the cabinet.
2.2 The design of hardware
The controlling core of hardware is SCM AT89C52, hardware circuits include measurement amplifying
circuit, A/D conversion circuit, keyboard and display circuit, warning circuit, resting circuit.
2.2.1 Amplifying circuit
The sensor output signal is weak; therefore the part of circuit is very important to the whole system.
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To improve measurement accuracy, three stage amplifying was used, the first stage is differential
amplifier, the second and the third stage are sign-reversing amplifier and in the second stage input point
a resistance-capacitance circuit was introduced, the amplifier we choose ICL7650 the high-precision
processing amplifier, as shown in figure 4.
11
R3
U2
4
R7
10
C1
0.1
U2
4
5
10
7650
R6
2
R5
7
1
R4
10
7650
5
7650
11
U2
2
5
7
1
4
R2
Rf3
11
R1
Rf2
2
7
1
Rf1
R8
Figure4 signal amplify circuit
2.2.2 A/D conversion circuit
A/D conversion circuit is a very important link, considering that measurement precision and
economic,12 serial interface chip TLC2543 was chosen, it has 11 analog input channels.
The chip communicate with the SCM by SPI bus, the interface circuit is shown in figure 5
+5V
VCC
U3
AD_CLK
AD_DIN
1
IN1
2
IN2
6
IN3
7
IN4
VCC
8
VCC
3
OUT1
5
OUT
4
GND
R41
U4
1
IN1
2
IN2
6
IN3
7
IN4
VCC
8
VCC
3
OUT1
5
OUT
4
GND
U13_D
U5
3
2004
U12_C
10
10
9
U13_C
12
TLP521-4
C36
0.1
2004
U12_D
6 R40
11
5
VCC
EOC
CLK
DIN
DOUT
CS
RES+
RESAIN11
AIN10
C37
100/16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
AIN1
AIN2
AIN3
AIN4
AIN5
AIN6
AIN7
AIN8
AIN9
GND
2543_0
2543_1
TLC2543
12
510
TLP521-4
R44
2.2K
7
+5V
5
DS75451N
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
14
TLP521-4
8
AD_OUT 510
4.7K*4
16
2004
U12_B
14
13
7
R43
1
TLP521-4
4
510
AD_CS
U12_A
15
U13_B
3
R42
RP4
16
2
510
DS75451N
+5V
U13_A
1
2004
RP2
RP3
2.2K*3
Figure 5 Connecting circuit of SCM to TLC254
g
f
a
b
g
f
a
b
D1
Y5
g
f
m
a
b
10
9
8
7
6
Y4
g
f
m
a
b
g
f
m
a
b
Y3
10
9
8
7
6
a
b
g
f
Y2
10
9
8
7
6
a
b
g
f
g
f
m
a
b
Y1
10
9
8
7
6
VCC
VCC
g
f
m
a
b
a
b
10
9
8
7
6
g
f
2.2.3 Keyboard and display circuit
The common cathode serial chip HD7279 was chosen as display driving chip can drive eight common
cathode digital valve. The chip can connect a keyboard matrix with 64 keys simultaneously. The circuit
can eliminate hey flutter and identify keys code.
The keyboard and display circuit was shown in figure 6.
a
Kg.f
R1
1.5k
6PIN
R2
100K
R3
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1
e
d
m
c
dp
e
d
m
c
dp
e
d
m
c
dp
D2
SMG
f
N
e 1
d 2
L1 3
c 4
dp 5
C2
15P
e
d
m
c
dp
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
e
d
m
c
dp
RESET
RC
CLKO
DIG7
DIG6
DIG5
DIG4
DIG3
DIG2
DIG1
DIG0
DP
SA
SB
SMG
L6
79_CS
79_CLK
79_DATA
79_KEY
VCC
VCC
NC
GND
NC
CS
CLK
DATA
KEY
SG
SF
SE
SD
SC
SMG
e 1
d 2
L2 3
c 4
dp 5
VCC
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
SMG
e 1
d 2
L3 3
c 4
dp 5
J1
SMG
U1
e 1
d 2
L5 3
c 4
dp 5
47uF/16V
C1
0.1uF
e 1
d 2
L4 3
c 4
dp 5
C3
R8
200
R15
HD7279
100K
R4
100K
R5
100K
R6
R9
200
R7
200
R10
200
R11
200
R12
200
R13
200
R14
200
S51
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
1
2
号号
4号号
3号号
2号号
1号号
0号号
10K
25
dp
a
dpD3
YX
e D4
LJ
c D5
CX
d D6
JZ
b
c
d
e
f
g
100K
R16
100K
Figure 6 Keyboard and display circuit
2.2.4 SCM control circuits
SCM AT89C52 is the core device.
The circuits have resetting circuit, warning circuit, relay protection circuit and communication circuit, as
shown in figure 7
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VCC
VCC
4.7K*8
RP1
VCC
U2
1
2 CS
SO
3
4 WP
GND
VCC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
X25045
R35
10K
J2
6PIN
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
P16
P17
13
INT1
12
INT0
VCC
1
2
3
4
5
6
4.7K*8
RP2
U6
8
VCC 7
RESET
6
SCK 5
SI
Z1
VCC
15
14 T1
T0
31
C2912M
30P
C30
30P
EA/VP
19
X1
18
X2
9
RESET
17
16 RD
WR
D1
P00
P01
P02
P03
P04
P05
P06
P07
P20
P21
P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
AD_DOUT
AD_CS
AD_DIN
AD_CLK
JDQ
U11
C53
4148
T2
9013
R38
JDQ1 4.7uF/16V
4.7K
16
VCC
R2
FMQ
4.7K
R36
R39
T1
9012
FMQ/5V
89C52
-
+
13
11 2D
2B
9
2K
4.7K
1
4
1D 6
1B
8
1K
DS2Y_S_DC5V
4.7K
A1
J3
VCC
10
RXD 11
TXD
30
ALE/P 29
PSEN
+5V
+5V
DB9
U6
C31
0.1µ
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
VCC
GND
T1OUT
R1IN
R1OUT
T1IN
T2IN
R2OUT
C32
C1+
V+
C1C2+
C2VT2OUT
R2IN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
232-2
1µF/16V
C34
VCC
232-2
C33
C2+
C2V- 1µF/16V
232-2
232-3
1µF/16V
C35
V-
1
6
2
7
3
8
4
9
5
1µF/16V
MAX232
Figure 7 SCM controlling circuit
2.3 software of system
C language was used to program the software of the system. The software is composed eight
components include : switch on and self-check, off-line working pattern, on-line working pattern, the
control module of cutting machine, date collecting program, overload detecting and handling programs,
keyboard module. System flow diagram was shown in figure 8.
2.4 The design of PC software platform
Visual basic is a efficient visible programming language. It not only provides a good interface of design
capability but also can communicate with SCM easily. The serial communicate with protocol baud rate
4800, a start bit, without even-odd check bit. Packets of date transmission: start-up character + quantum
mark + end character.
3 The method of system calibrating
The system was calibrated by system-calibration, use three-point method: idle zero setting, full load
checkout and median checkout.
(1) Idle zero setting: In the sensor’s each measurement range doesn’t hang anything, in each
measurement range, respectively measure seven idle zero value then calculated out the average,
according to the average adjust the system corresponding benchmarks.
(2) Full load checkout: In the sensor’s each measurement range hang the standard weight respectively,
which weight is as much as the largest cutting power in each measurement, respectively measure
seven full load value in the same measurement then calculated out the average, according to the
average adjust the system corresponding benchmarks.
(3) Median checkout: In the sensor’s each measurement range hang the standard weight respectively,
which weight is as much as a half of the largest cutting power in each measurement, respectively
measure seven median value in the same measurement then calculated out the average, according to
the average adjust the system corresponding benchmarks.
4 Conclusions
4.1 The originality of the design
Together with mechanical and electrical; digital display; peck value lock-in; automatic change
measurement range; 100 date memory and inquiry; software calibrate; power- off date memory. The date
can be transmitted to PC; system overload protection; operate and analysis platform.
4.2 The market prospect of food palatable strength test system
The system is adequate for testing the palatable strength of meat, meat product and other soft solid food.
It is very practical and in common use and has a good generalizing prospect. Food palatable as a
criterion of assess food quality and the basis for our food industry will bring a revolution to regulate the
producing and processing, promote the development of food industry. The apparatus in food producing
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and selling has very good prospect, it has nicer economic and societal benefit.
Author in Brief
GUO Li – Female. Master degree. Senior engineer in Electricity Engineering Department, Engineering
College, Northeast Agricultural University, China. Main research area is on Electronic Technology
Application.
References:
[1]Zhao Jiwen. Sensor and applications circuitry design. Science Press. 2002.
[2]Liang Yangui. Integrate Operational Amplifier and Voltage Comparators fascicule. Science Press.
2002.
[3]Device Datasheet. TI high high-powered Operational Amplifier. Wuhan Liyuan Co., Ltd
[4]Zhan Shuren. Microcontroller Principle and application. Wuhan Liyuan Co., Ltd
[5]Ouyang Binlin, Liu Lishan, Jiang Wenke, Liu Deying. Microcontroller Principle and application.
China Water Conservancy Water Electric Press. 2001.
[6]Ma Zhongmei, Ji Shunxin, Zhang Kai, Ma Yan. Microcontroller C Source application. Beijing
aviation and spaceflight university press. 2000.
[7]He Limin. MCS—51 series Microcontroller application system design configure and interface
technology. Aviation and spaceflight university press. 1990.
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Start
Delay
Self-checking
Initialization
Keyboard process
Online model
Y
Y
N
Start measure
keyboard process
N
Test starting
N
Date collecting
Y
Y
Date collecting
Overload judge
N
Overload judge
Y
Send date to PC
N
N
Date processing and calculate
Measure finish
Display result
Y
Finish measure
N
Switch off motor &
warning
Finish
Figure 8 Main program flow chart
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Y