Management & Engineering Employment Promotion of Contemporary Undergraduates journal homepage: www.seiofbluemountain.com

Management & Engineering 20 (2015) 1838-5745
Contents lists available at SEI
Management & Engineering
journal homepage: www.seiofbluemountain.com
Employment Promotion of Contemporary Undergraduates
Dan WU 
Agricultural University of Hebei, 071001, P.R.China
KEYWORDS
University student,
Employability,
Cultivate
ABSTRACT
A major reason for employment of university students is college students' employability
reach the employer's requirements. Articles from the concept of employment of university
students the ability of view, the lack of capacity of the current employment situation among
college students conducted a preliminary exposition presented should carry out career
planning guidance, build a reasonable model of talent, culture focus on individual students,
pay attention to college students to develop character, strengthening social practice and
strengthen six students start education, strengthen the cultivation of students' employment
ability.
© ST. PLUM-BLOSSOM PRESS PTY LTD
Graduates Employment society has become an indisputable fact. However, citrus-related statistics, the average level of developed
countries, gross enrollment rate in 1997, which amounts to 61.1%, compared to the world level of 17.8%, college graduates
accounted for only 5 per cent of the workforce to the total population of our country and economic and social development needs of
the future in terms of high-quality workers, college graduates is not much, but enough. So, Graduates Employment Obstacles? I think
that one of the main reasons is the employability of university students reach the employer's requirements. Therefore, to enhance the
employability of university students. Full employment for college graduates is undoubtedly an important initiative.
1 Employment Situation of College Students
Employability, is gaining popularity in recent years and a concept. In the domestic employment concept is generally defined as the
ability to university students: university graduates at the school through the expertise and knowledge of learning, and to develop their
potential accumulation that is obtained can achieve their employment goals and ideals, to meet the needs of society, social life, ability
to realize their value. This can be seen, the employability of university students not only refers to the ability of college students have
a narrow employment, it should also include keeping work, changing jobs and the ability to obtain employment to achieve personal
career development. It is not only short-term job employability college students, it is a social person long-term career development
capacity. It is composed of knowledge, skills, thinking, personality, ideas, and a series of psychological qualities to adapt
employment group constituted the core of the learning ability, practical ability, innovation ability.

Corresponding author.
E-mail address: [email protected]
English edition copyright © ST. PLUM-BLOSSOM PRESS PTY LTD
DOI:10.5503/J.ME.2015.20.009
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2 Employment Situation of College Students
"Oriental Horizon", a title of "university student employability 2006 survey", the special program to do two surveys: one, what is the
most important employer interviewer? Findings are as follows: 26% practical ability, expertise 24%, 22% conversation expression,
personality traits 16%, 12% image quality. Second, in practice entrepreneurs during which candidates are most concerned about the
capacity? Findings are as follows: 51% of the learning ability, teamwork 42%, 36% execution, innovation 24%. Surveys show that
students learning ability, practical ability, professional competence and so most companies to survive. The current lack of
employability some college students, it is precisely reflected in these types of capabilities.
2.1 Career goal is unknown
Career goal is a person according to their own situation, and the opportunities and constraints faced by career planning, to establish
their own career development and objectives. At present, some students had to apply for colleges and universities and professional
schools are the parents of the will, he did not any idea, although there are many universities set up special career center, but busy with
a lot of employment-related transactional work hard to have fixed time and effort to carry out career planning of college students, let
alone college students to carry out targeted, personalized career guidance. The resulting lack of necessary knowledge of some college
students career planning, career direction and goals are not clear.
2.2 Learning ability is not strong
Learning ability is actually ability to learn new knowledge. An ability to adapt, form the basis for other capabilities. A well-known
state-owned veterans when it comes to this issue, said: "Work experience is not the most important, we are academically equally
valued, and we will pay more attention to college students' learning ability." Students' learning ability enterprise value, rather than a
temporary experience, because people will learn not only can adapt quickly to work, do the job, but also has potential for future
development.
2.3 Practical capacity is low
Mainly refers to the practical ability of graduates operational capability and ability, but also the ability to analyze and solve problems.
Currently, employer recruitment priority during the candidate's condition is a certain practical abilities and skills. Many companies
want to recruit students graduated to the task immediately. But the lack of work experience and practical ability is always feel guilty
when employers recruit college graduates weakness. Because education is lagging behind in Universities and Colleges, has been
re-theoretical education, practical capacity-building light; has been re-examination ability, the overall quality of light shaping, and the
lack of cooperation between schools and enterprises, unable to provide students with adequate training opportunities job training, it
caused some students "do not say", unrealistic expectations, practical ability is low.
2.4 Professional ability is insufficient
In recent years, China's emerging career universal talent shortage, such as smart development engineer, registered town planner talent
shortage phenomenon occurs etc., to attract students before they graduate by a space. At the same time, the original hot industry gets
colder, basic accounting, computer operations, secretarial and some professions appear relatively excess number of phenomena. Lack
of expertise on the other hand is the only university students "learning" not "use" or heavy "learning" light "use" theory of touch with
reality, which is another factor that leads to lack of students professional competence.
2.5 Character cultivation
Character refers to graduates develop life quality, such as honesty, profession, ethics, responsibility, perseverance, teamwork,
communication skills, etc. It is an important factor in the employability of university students constitute not be ignored. Today some
students the knowledge, skills and work performance is very good, but in terms of getting along with people, especially very lacking
in terms of teamwork, too much to consider their own gains and losses, rarely from the collective interest. Lack of basic knowledge
and courtesy to communicate with people, some college students, and some students in the job search process, maintain many
candidates, casual breach of contract, do not speak of professional ethics, to the employer resulting in a very bad effect, not the real
reality in ability and character as the firm level.
2.6 Entrepreneurship means weak
Entrepreneurship awareness refers to the entrepreneurs from the entrepreneurial drive awareness of the role of personality tendencies,
which include the need for entrepreneurship, motivation, interests, ideals and other factors. Due to limitations of subjective and
objective conditions, many colleges and universities have not fully recognized the importance of students' own businesses, necessity
and urgency, yet the overall planning of entrepreneurship education, resulting in fewer students receiving entrepreneurship education,
lack of awareness of entrepreneurship. Conventional wisdom told them to go after graduation, a unit of seeking development, in the
unit one step promotion, to start his own company that is a future matter, even think to start a business is not capable, nothing, no unit
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received performance.
3 Countermeasures to Improve University Students' Employment Skills
Preliminary above described the current situation can be seen in the employability of university students, college students' general
lack of current employment needs to cultivate and improve. How to enhance the employability of university students to help college
students achieve and promote full employment, I think that may seek strategies from the following six aspects.
3.1 Carry out career planning guidance
Generally speaking, career planning college students are in college evolving. Therefore, the university should be early for college
students career planning education inspire their understanding of career planning as soon as possible so that they are thinking about
their future, their career goals, develop their own long-term and short-term development programs, good career career planning.
Students colleges and universities to establish a sound career guidance institutions, from the policy, personnel, facilities, funds have
to really put in place, changing administrative functions, enhance service awareness; to establish a special combination of career
guidance team, and to strengthen training and learning improve the quality of instructors, so they are familiar with both the current
employment situation and countermeasures, and master modern scientific knowledge, and strive to be professional, and scientific
experts. To take a variety of career planning education, students of different grades stratified education. First grade through classroom
learning, initially established career ideas, hungry for his initial career planning; second and third year focus on comprehensive and
profound self-understanding and grasp, deepen the concept of career, and according to their characteristics of career deepen and
improve planning; fourth-grade students is the focus of instruction, should learn to collect, manage and use employment information,
and strengthen the concept of career, focusing on learning a variety of skills to master the job careers. And according to the needs of
different groups of students, providing them with solid personalized career guidance services; universities also take "Please come in
and go" approach, that while your employer to school lectures, while going out to understand the market the only way to give
students career guidance in place.
3.2 Build reasonable training mode
Students compete in the talent market, its disadvantage is largely dependent on university personnel training mode, therefore, build a
reasonable training model, developing a "marketable" talent, is to enhance the employability of university students in the source to
effectively way.
Construction of reasonable talent training mode, colleges and universities must target the needs of social development, the personnel
training and graduate employment effectively combine, adjust the university specialty and professional training objectives. Consider
both facing the country, more consideration to the special needs of the local regional economic development, it is necessary to
analyze the current long-short, cold and heat, and more importantly advance the vision, advance awareness of the long-term trend
forecast demand for talent, and strive to achieve specialty looking; To narrow for professional set of universities is not conducive to
the cultivation of knowledge-based, compound talents, expanding areas of expertise and professional caliber, adjustment,
restructuring and reorganization of the existing professional, to enhance professional had neglected relevant knowledge and enhance
professional settings adaptability; to its own conditions, to the advantage of relying on group discipline, and actively explore new
professional, especially the community continues to cross new professional disciplines. Meanwhile, we should pay attention to good
professional open, professional grafting work, and strive Arts and penetration, specifically through the combination; to the principle
of "wide caliber, thick foundation", analyzes the structure of professional knowledge structure and ability required, in accordance
with the "less" principle set compulsory. Strong dry branches cut to increase the proportion of elective courses, allowing students to
inter-institution, cross-system, cross-disciplinary elective courses; to optimize the ultimate goal of the course structure to help guide
students to build a reasonable knowledge structure, allows students not only to master a more solid professional knowledge, but also
to have the use of knowledge, learn to think, the ability to learn by analogy.
3.3 Attaches great importance to college students' personality
Personalize the training and education of college students, we should first study the personality characteristics of college students,
college students understand the individual requirements, on this basis, the establishment of university student personality analysis
files for each student a comprehensive personality psychology, objective analysis; to create a broad activity space, to create as many
opportunities for training and education of students' individuality. To respect the subjectivity of students, diversity, richness,
uniqueness and self-study right, students interested in, and tap the potential of students, so that the potential of students to be fully
exploited, and the formation of a positive self-concept in practice, forming a sense of self-worth on the formation of a force from the
inside. The school environment is a source of student's personality formation and development, potential environmental education so
that students can learn from the social function of spiritual culture, cultivate the activity and social skills, therefore, to take full
advantage of harmonious campus culture personality development of students; in terms of the students' individuality teachers also
play a charismatic personality to stimulate the curiosity of students to create desire. Teacher's personality should influence through
daily teaching activities and student exchange with students, which requires teachers to strengthen their self-cultivation, both have
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extensive knowledge, but also a high moral character.
3.4 Pay attention to college students' character cultivation
From the selection criteria before the employer point of view, to develop the character in fact it has become a core element of social
choice of personnel.
Students pay attention to cultivate character, universities should establish a "people-centered education, moral education first"
philosophy. Develop character and ideological education of college students put through in all aspects of education and teaching, to
form a full education, educating the whole person, all-round education pattern. Universities must update the concepts of education,
the reform of the education system, enrich and update the content of education, in teaching the most advanced professional
knowledge, strengthen ideological and moral education. Currently, pay special attention to cultivate patriotism, civilization, honesty,
cooperation, perseverance, mental health, love life and other qualities. By Ye had taught young students "learning to know, learning
to do, learn to cooperate, learn to be" the ultimate end is "life". Therefore, the university should pay attention to college students to
develop character, establish a "people's comprehensive development" concept, making higher education shift from purely
professional education to comprehensive quality education. In the character to develop the process, to focus on the promotion of
mental harmony, and strengthen human care and psychological counseling, guide students to correctly deal with themselves, others
and society, correctly deal with the difficulties, setbacks and honor. To give full play to the educational function of the campus culture,
so that students in the unique atmosphere of the campus culture, subtly being nurtured and infection. To play a moral role model of
teachers, especially teachers, to lead college students to establish ideals and beliefs, to establish a scientific attitude. Through
persistent character to develop education and training, so that behavior outside of college students, college students inside into the
quality and conviction.
3.5 To strengthen college students' social practice
College Students practice can be said to be the core of college students ability. Therefore, strengthening social practice, improve the
practical ability students, it is an effective means of enhancing the employability of university students.
Strengthening Students' practical ability, the university must first strengthen practical teaching, improve experimental course, the
status of practical courses designed courses, seminars, etc., to classroom teaching, production practice, social practice, social research
and graduate teaching organic design it combines to strengthen students' practical ability and practical skills, and to use the skills thus
knowledge-based transformation. In the vision of quality education, there is help students improve their knowledge, optimize the
knowledge structure, enhance practical ability, foster innovation and quality in all aspects of development activities are social
practices. In addition, colleges and universities to actively explore and establish social practice and professional learning combined
with social services combined, combined with the Employment of the long-term mechanism to guide students to go "practice, risk,
talent" of the road, guide students out of the small door, to have a job intent and ability to exercise their own units and graduation
practice social practice, to encourage students to exercise their own difficult environment both play to their professional advantage,
we have honed their quality, enhance social adaptability and self-development the stamina.
3.6 To strengthen college students' entrepreneurship education
Data show that the number of college graduates venture total number of graduates of less than 1%, while the proportion of overseas
up to 30%. It warns us that the current strengthening of Entrepreneurship Education, Students' awareness of entrepreneurship and
entrepreneurial ability, is a strategic task Universities urgent.
Strengthening Entrepreneurship Education, the first to help students to establish entrepreneurial awareness, guide students to
entrepreneurship as a future career in a way to achieve the ideal and the value of life, so that students through entrepreneurial
education and training, to recognize that not only can choose their own businesses solve their employment problems, but also to
create employment opportunities and jobs for others, but also for the community to alleviate the employment pressure. Secondly,
through entrepreneurship education and training, to achieve the purpose of enhancing the ability of college students venture. In order
to further develop Entrepreneurship Education, universities should encourage the establishment of a competitive mechanism of
Entrepreneurship Education, guide students focus on training their own sense of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ability. In
addition, college students should support and encourage the establishment of "science and technology inventions associations" and
other community organizations, will gather the same interests and hobbies of students together, absorb more students to actively
participate in scientific and technological innovation. In various competitions for outstanding students ability to innovate, to
commend and reward, and as an excellent selection of students, graduate students and scholarships Exempt important reference for
access to national or provincial (ministry) level students as well as innovations in innovative school students to make achievements in
practical activities, grant exemptions associated with course credits, course design or the like graduation credits.
During the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, China will have 26 million college graduates in need of employment, how to cultivate and
enhance the employability of university students, the college students in the labor market have the human resources into human
resources, actively promote college students achieve full employment, the university is shouldering the bounden duty and mission. To
this end, universities should spare no effort to intensify reform of higher education, innovative training model, training many and
good comprehensive high-quality, employability, the socialist market economy to adapt to all kinds of talent demand. At the same
time, enhance the employability of students, creating a favorable environment for employment, or to ease the employment pressure
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on university students, but also the government, universities, community and family until college students to work together.
References
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Chinese)
[2]. MU Lin. Rational Thinking on Employment of College Students Lack of Power [J]. China University Students Career. 2006
(16) (in Chinese)
[3]. TANG Xiaolin. Career Planning and Employment Guidance [M]. China Yanshi Press. 2006. 11 (in Chinese)
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