Study on Medicinal Properties of 1%NaOH Extractives of

Study on Medicinal Properties of 1%NaOH Extractives of
Castanopsis Fissa Wood by GC/MS1
ZHANG Zhong-Feng, PENG Wan-Xi
College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South Forestry Science & Technology University,
P.R. China, 410014
[email protected]
Abstract: The chemical components of 1%NaOH extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood chips were
separated and identified by GC/MS after enriching and dissolving in benzene-methanol. Relative
content of each component was determined by area normalization. 24 compounds representing 71.87 %
of the extractives were identified. The most abundant constituents were hexadecanoic acid,methyl
ester(17.08%),
9-octadecenoic
acid
(z)-,methyl
ester
(cas)
(15.08%),
2,3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole(7.05%),
hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester (cas) (7.02%),
9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-,methyl ester(4.82%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,ethyl ester (cas) (4.70%),
octadecanoic
acid,methyl
ester(2.66%),
10-methoxy-nb-à-methylcorynantheol(1.90%),
di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol(1.70%),ethyl linoleate(1.09%), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,methyl ester (cas)
(1.03%), eicosanoic acid,methyl ester(1.01%), and so on.
Key words: Gas Chromatography; Mass Spectrometry; 1%NaOH Extractives; Castanopsis fissa Wood
1 Introduction
Wood is composed not only of cellulose, hemi cellulose and lignin as major polymeric constituents
but also contains minor organic components such as lipids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, etc. The
minor components belong to so-called “wood extractives” since they can be extracted from wood by
means of both polar and non-polar solvents. The paclitaxel, which can cure some cancer such as
leukaemia, oophoroma pulmonary and mammary cancer, was extracted from the Taxus brevifolia bark in
1972 by Wani et al. The extractives of Eucalyptus wood can be used to make curing cold medicine. And
the extractives of gingko wood to heal hypension. So the extractives of many plants have medicinal
properties[1].
Castanopsis fissa(Castanopsis fissa (Champ.)Rehd et Wils)is an excellent indigenous fast-growing
tree species, which has holding capacity to water and soil. What’s more, it is adaptive and harmonic to
the native tree species whose large leaf biomass can also keep the soil fertile. It grows fastest in the
Fagaceae species. And Castanopsis fissa trees are large area planted in south China, Vietnam, Laos and
so on. However, the experimental workers said that Castanopsis fissa trees should be cut in a given
period else they are become hollow and rotted. Their rotation is about 5-6 years province Guangdong
in China. The growth feature is adaptive to the timber for pulp. So Castanopsis fissa will be firstly
planted in south China in the future.
Though Castanopsis fissa tree have been planted in China for thousands of years, the researchers
began to pay attention to them only in 1987. And these authors have studied them. Chen Hongyue et al
studied how to develop a new Caslanopsis fissa quality breed and well plant in mixed forest[2]. XIAO
Sui qing et al discussed the relation of leaf area index and leaf biomass to the species' shade in durance
and growth, the relation of water holding capacity to the leaf and crown structure, the relation of water
holding capacity to water and soil[3]. SU Xiaoqing studied that the spatial distribution and size of
Castanopsis fissa population in subtropical evergreen broad leaved forest[4]. RUAN Xiu-chun et al found
that the cutting medium had a significant effect on the survival rate, the interaction of the cutting
treatment, and the cutting medium had evident effect on the survival rate[5]. TAN Wen-xiong et al
introduced Castanopsis fissa’s biological characteristics, major uses, ecological value, the nature of fast
growing and high yielding, and skills for artificial afforestation[6]. HUANG Guiping et a studied
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Email Author: Peng Wan-Xi., [email protected]
653
Castanopsis fissa seeds′ selecting, treating, size, kernel weight, elite degree and field seedling raising
is tested[7]. And ZHAN huaiyu found that Castanopsis fissa wood was a fine pulp material based on its
fiber morphological, pulping and bleaching character[8]. Xie Tao extracted a kind of brown coloring
matter from skin of castanopsis fissa seed by using organic solvent[9]. LI Kai-fu et al made medium
density fiberboard and ecological security wooden packaging material by Castanopsis fissa fibre[10]. In a
world, Now Castanopsis fissa wood is used to manufacture chips which are very cheap. And the forest
workers aren’t hopeful to plant Castanopsis fissa trees. So the chemical components of 1%NaOH
extractives will be separated and identified by GC/ MS in order to disclose their medicinal properties of
the chemical resources in Castanopsis fissa wood chips.
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Materials
A 5-year-old Castanopsis fissa tree grown in China Zengcheng Forest Farm was used as a wood
sample similar to our previous work. NaOH, methanol and benzene were chromatographic grade, and
were chosen for the present experiment.
2.2 GC-MS analysis
GC/MS analysis was carried out on a TRACE GC-2000 GC-MSTM(F. MAT Corp., America). A
capillary column DB-1(30m×0.25mm), coated with a non-polar phase(hewlett-packard-5 cross- linked
5% phenyl methyl silicone) was used. The GC column temperature was programmed as
follows:10 /min from 100 to 200 , 5 /min from 200 to 250 . The mass range was from m/z 35 to
335, with an ionizing voltage of 70eV and an ionization current of 150µA. The flow velocity of He was
1ml/min.
℃
℃ ℃
℃
2.3 Methods
The 40-60 mesh powder was obtained from the fresh wood, and extracted in 1%NaOH solution
according to temperature 95 , time 1 hour and Vsolution/Vwood 10 double for enough extractives solution.
The extractives solution naturally evaporates in large diameter evaporation pan, and was dried by
anhydrous bitter salt. The acquired extractives were dissolved in benzene-methanol solution, then
exposed to N2 flow under air temperature, concentrated to 20ml, finally 0.2µl solution was drawn out so
as to be used as GC/MS analysis.
℃
3 Results and Conclusions
The total ion chromatogram of the 1%NaOH extractives by GC/MS is shown in Fig.1. Relative
content of each component was counted by area normalization. Analyzing the MS data, the NIST
standard MS map by computer, open-published books and papers[11-15]. It was also shown that 29 peaks
were obtained from extractives in 1%NaOH (seen in Fig.1) and 24 compounds which occupy 71.87% of
the total 29 peaks areas were identified (shown in Tab.1).
13 .8 7
17.2 0
9 .2 7
15.0 1
18 .4 0
11.2 8
7.0 6
10
19 .8 7 2 1.72
15
T ime (min)
20
2 4 .3 4
2 7.3 3
25
Fig.1 Total Ion Chromatogram of 1%NaOH Extractives of Castanopsis fissa Wood by GC/MS
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30
Tab.1 Analytical Results of the Chemical Constituents of 1%NaOH Extractives of Castanopsis fissa Wood by
GC/MS
RT
Name
Mol. Formula
Area
No.
(min)
(%)
1
7.06 2,3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole
C23H19NO
7.05
2
12.43 heneicosane (cas)
C21H44
0.70
3
12.60 2-octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, isobutyrate, (z)C14H26O2
0.20
4
12.74 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (cas)
C16H22O4
0.70
C17H34O2
17.08
5
13.87 hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester
6
15.01 hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (cas)
C18H36O2
7.02
7
15.61 heptadecanoic acid, methyl ester (cas)
C18H36O2
0.07
8
16.98 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, methyl ester
C19H34O2
4.82
9
17.20 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, methyl ester (cas)
C19H36O2
15.08
17.30 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, methyl ester (cas)
C19H36O2
1.03
10
11
17.55 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-, [r-[r*,r*-(e)]]- (cas)
C20H40O
0.84
12
17.77 octadecanoic acid, methyl ester
C19H38O2
2.66
18.26 ethyl linoleate
C20H36O2
1.09
13
14
18.40 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, ethyl ester (cas)
C20H38O2
4.70
15
18.83 octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (cas)
C20H40O2
0.87
16
19.87 10-methoxy-nb-à-methylcorynantheol
C21H29N2O2
1.90
17
20.04 11-eicosenoic acid, methyl ester
C21H40O2
0.39
20.34 eicosanoic acid, methyl ester
C21H42O2
1.01
18
19
21.62 ethyl linoleate
C20H36O2
0.98
20
21.72 di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol
C39H72O5
1.70
22.51 bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
C24H38O4
0.23
21
22
22.62 docosanoic acid, methyl ester (cas)
C23H46O2
0.86
23
23.55 heptadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (cas)
C19H38O2
0.59
24
25.90 eicosanoic acid, methyl ester
C21H42O2
0.30
The principal and valuable components of 1%NaOH extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood by
GC/MS analysis were hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester(17.08 ), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, methyl ester
(cas)(16.11 ), 2,3-diphenyl-5-(3-methoxyphenyl)pyrrole(7.05 ), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester
(cas)(7.02 ), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-, methyl ester(4.82 ), 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-, ethyl
ester
(cas)(4.70
),
octadecanoic
acid,
methyl
ester(2.66
),
10-methoxy-nb-à-methylcorynantheol(1.90
), di-(9-octadecenoyl)-glycerol(1.70
), ethyl
linoleate(1.09 ), eicosanoic acid, methyl ester(1.01 ), and so on.
After investigation and study, the 1%NaOH extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood, which were first
reported in this study, were high added value. Octadecadienoic acid, which can be from hydrolysed
octadecadienoic acid ester, can lower cholesteremia, nourish cerebrocellular, and regulate vegetative
nerve[11]. Hexadecanoic acid,ethyl ester, hexadecanoic acid,methyl ester, eicosanoic acid, methyl ester
are the medicinal components of dried polypide which can induce diuresis, detumescence and antidotal
act. Heneicosane, octadecanoic acid, methyl ester and octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester are the major
constituents of Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal [12], Heneicosane is key in Qilixiang rose volatile oil [13].
Wikstroemia indica contains 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (z,z)-,methyl ester and 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-,
methyl ester, which can cure bronchitis, rheumatalgia, pneumonia and lymphadenitis[14]. Docosanoic
acid, methyl ester resolves mass[15]. So the 1%NaOH extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood are cheap
and natural materials of medicine. Some rare medicinal herbs can originate from the 1%NaOH
extractives of Castanopsis fissa wood.
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4 Acknowledgments
The authors appreciate that the work was supported by the project (No.30671634) from Chinese
National Natural Science Fund (NSFC), as well as the financing received from the Central South
Forestry Science & Technology University Introducing Higher Grade Talents Fund (104-0011).
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