Development of Creative Industries in China and Its Human Resources Strategy

Development of Creative Industries in China and Its Human
Resources Strategy
WANG Feipeng
School of Public Management, Shandong Institute of Business and Technology, Yantai, 264005
[email protected]
：
Abstract In recent years, cultural and creative industries have become new economic growth point, and
thus became the Prime Minister's policy agenda in 2009, a new projects that benefit the. This paper
analyzes the cultural and creative industries and creative talent on the basis of characteristics, combining
the current cultural and creative industries and creative industries the basic status of personnel proposed
for the development of creative industries talent strategy.
Keywords creative economy, cultural and creative industries, creative talent, innovation
：
1.
Introduction
2009 government work report Premier Wen Jiabao put forward: "to develop cultural and sports
undertakings, and strive to promote cultural projects that benefit." Policy agenda since the creative
industries as a new government Waste Management project, once again promoted the creative industries
and creative economic development boom. How to enlarge and strengthen the creative industries,
improve the Waste Management project, the Government and the cultural industry has become a
pressing issue in the field. Based on characteristics of creative industries and creative talent of their own
status, based on full use of strategic human resources, proposed the development of creative industries
talent strategy.
2.
Development of creative industries development and foreign Analysis
Creative Industries, now which is called Cultural and creative industries, and first submitted in the
<Creative Industries project report> by the British creative industries working group in 1998. It refers to
which is derived from individual creativity, skills and abilities, through the development and use of
intellectual property to create wealth and employment potential of the industry, including advertising,
architecture, art, animation, design, publishing, software, film and television industries, the industry is
the emerging modern services. [1]Seen from the concept above, the creative industries are derived from
individual creativity, skill and talent of the industry, and are culture, knowledge and high technology
related industries, creative industries, so every aspect involved (production, exchange, distribution and
consumption) are closely linked with the talent. Just think, if there is no talent involved, machinery,
equipment, networks are merely a pile of cold shell, and only use them reasonably up to culture and
technology, culture and economic integration of organic and perfect, and create market demand for the
content of cultural and creative industries is what sustains the fundamental. Thus, in essence, a kind of
cultural and creative industries and creative people on the endogenous growth model, to some extent, it
can be said that cultural and creative industries is a talent industry. Therefore, human capital is the core
creative industries production factors, weather can have a large number of various types of creative
talents, will be the decisive factor when win the high ground of development of creative industries.
Since Creative Industries was firstly originated in England in 1998, the United States, Japan, Korea,
Australia, New Zealand and Taiwan and Hong Kong also have vigorously promoted the development of
creative industries, and launched a huge wave of creative economy. According to statistics, the world
creative economy create value as much as 22 billion U.S. dollars every day, and to 5% annually. In some
developed countries, faster growth, in the U.S. 14%, 12% of the UK[2]. In developed countries,
international cities, the cultural and creative industries is thriving development boom. For example, in
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the United States, New York about billions of dollars every year in circulation in the cultural and
creative industries, it generates economic benefits after the Wall Street[3]. Currently, the cultural and
creative industries in the 21st century is becoming a country or city’s pillar industries, a measure of its
overall competitiveness of the key factors, and opened the door to the creative economy of the times.
3.
Development of creative industries in China and Human Resources Analysis
3.1 Development of creative industries in China's basic situation
Cultural and creative industries in China started late, but developing rapidly and has great potential.
Some experts think that cultural and creative industries is becoming pillar industries of our country’s
economic or urban development. Case Study of Beijing alone, the city in December 2005 for the first
time the “cultural and creative industries” as the capital of the economy’s future pillar industry, and
introduced a series of support measures. Currently, the industry demonstrated a good foundation for the
development and huge potential, and has become the economic capital of the new economic growth
point. According to reports, in 2004 to 2007, only the cultural and creative industries in Beijing on the
added value of, respectively, up to 61.36 billion yuan, 70.04 billion yuan, 81.2 billion yuan, 99.26
billion yuan, accounting for 10.1%, 10.2%, 10.3% and 10.6% of GDP that year, the proportion has
gradually increased, the average annual growth rate of 17.4%. In 2008, Beijing cultural and creative
industries to achieve industrial added value was 134.64 billion yuan, accounting for 12.1% of GDP.
Preliminary accounting, Beijing 2009, contrarian cultural and creative industries rose, the whole year
yield added value of 149.77 billion yuan, accounting for 12.6% of total GDP, at current prices grew
11.2%, ahead of schedule the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” set cultural and creative value-added share of
GDP, over 12% of the target, to achieve the cultural and creative industries increased steadily for 6 years
【4】. According to forecasts, by 2010, Beijing added value of cultural and creative industries will be more
than 100 billion yuan, accounting for a share of GDP, to further improve, on the basis of the current
10.2%, and thus become an important economic pillar industry.[5]
At the same time, compared with developed countries, China’s cultural and creative industries are still
many shortcomings: First, the small-scale industrial units, original works and lack of competitiveness of
enterprises; second is to create profit for the industry, the low per capita, the proportion in the national
economy is still low; Third, cultural and creative resources into industrial advantages have not yet
effective; Fourth, international competition is weak. According to statistics, market transactions in the
world culture, the United States holds 43% share, Europe 34%, Japan 10%, South Korea 5%, except
Japan, Korea and South Pacific countries in Asia accounted for only 4%[6]
3.2 Restricting the development of creative industries in China's talent bottleneck
In summary, leading to slow development of China’s cultural and creative industries and the reasons for
power shortage, besides lagging behind China’s cultural system, cultural policies and regulations based
on incomplete and the lack of industrial development and protection factors, including a fatal factor
Chinese culture is a serious shortage of creative talent.
At present, due to the severe lack of creative talent, our cultural and creative industries into
embarrassing situations: “make bricks without straw”. On the one hand, the lack of original core value
of cultural industries, a large number of mimicry, and even become a “culture of the processing
industry”; the other hand, the lack of good ideas mature marketing operation, it is difficult to achieve its
economic value, leading to the domestic cultural and creative industries great loss. China “First
Financial Daily” reported that the animation market in China Mainland, 80% of the profit goes to Japan,
South Korea, the U.S. anime companies. Alone Snoopy, Mickey Mouse, Hello Kitty, Pikachu and
Doraemon five cartoon characters, can take away 600 million yuan (about 100 million 20 million dollars)
of income [7]
According to the survey, currently engaged in creative industries, less than one hundred thousand people
are expected to Twelveth Five-Year Plan during the creative industry talent gap will reach 50
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million[8].Japanese creativity, and create schools over 5,000, but the creative talent reach 50 million; the
United States has 39 million creative talents. Especially the cultural and creative talent is more dense
urban centers, such as the New York cultural and creative talents ,which 12% of total employment,
London, Tokyo were up to 14% and 15%[9] Second, the shortage of original high-end talent. It is said
that the majority of cultural and creative enterprises and creative personnel are replicating or mimicking
the real, little can be innovative. This kind of structure has led to very few original products, enterprise
core competitive power.
Cultural and creative industries in China caused by a shortage of talents are many reasons, but mainly
boils down to two areas: First, the perfect of personnel training and development of mechanism. Second,
Talent management mode not complete. In summary, the extreme shortage of creative talent as a
constraint to the development of China's cultural and creative industries the main "bottleneck"; Some
experts predicted the future of cultural and creative industries in China will maintain a growth rate of
15%[10]. But to maintain this pace, Cultural creative talents is a priority
4.
Accelerate development of creative industries talent strategy measures
4.1 Mining multi-channel creative talents
Of course, it takes time, energy and financial resources to identify and discover creative talents, It’s
unlikely to enlist talents needed in the shortest period as traditional industries always do. More oriented
and even unconventional measures should be taken. To this end, the proposed creativity Industry
enterprises can take the following measures to identify and explore creative talents: First, through
contests to select talented people. Second, searching for talents through offices. Third, recruiting talents
by means of intermediaries. Fourth, enlisting talents by outsourcing.
4.2 Strengthen the creative talents of the short-term training
Emphasis should be paid to the developing and inspiring the proficiencies of creative talents. For this
regard, there should be mechanism innovations in selection and hiring of creative talents to attract and
develop more creative talents to ease the crying needs. In this respect, we should learn from the
practices conducted in some countries and regions. To take Hong Kong as an example, the governments
at all levels in HK have all proposed strategies on human resource and population policies to cultivate
and encourage professional talents to devote into creativity industry. On the one hand, Hong Kong
government sticks to investments on education, develops domestic talents and cultivates professional
employees with specialized techniques through channels of degree, associate degree and certificate
course education. On the other hand, Hong Kong government has formulated series of liberal policies on
talents to attract external talents from all aspects to ensure the human basis for Hong Kong’s creativity
industry. For this connection suggests that Chinese government should respect the creative industries
using a variety of talents introduction of incentives and preferential policies. For enterprises, should
make improvement and innovation in the work environment, remuneration, welfare and security and
management model, and its introduction as soon as possible and to develop more outstanding creative
talent. Meanwhile, cultural industries enterprises may adopt hr outsourcing actively explore and
maximize enterprise external creative talent resources.[11]
4.3 Focus on long-term nurturing creative talents
Creative people have certain personality traits, therefore required the training mechanism, the long-term
investment in education. To this end, training in the education system and mechanism innovation, in
order to train more, higher level of creative talent, this is our cultural and creative industries necessary
requirement for sustainable and rapid development. Therefore recommended that the following aspects:
First, in creative education, requiring creative innovation and innovation. Second, we must implement
character education, creative personality, and requesting different innovate. 3 to implement the
composite talent education, culture and structure of creative talent thought to be beyond the knowledge
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of art, literature, economics, philosophy and other disciplines. Fourth, the implementation of practical
sex education. Cultural industry education must emphasize practical teaching, highlight the feasibility of
teaching content and practical relevance, should not talk about theory. To in-depth analysis of all aspects
of cultural industries, is committed to the Teaching of cultural production of special laws, procedures,
production techniques, explain the cultural products operate, manage and Cultural Organization, the
specific mode of operation and rules. At the same time, but also extensive use of case teaching,
extracurricular activities, and increasing practice of simulated teaching. In short, the development of
cultural industry needs a talent first; concept, building a new personnel training, to absorb and use of
mechanisms to protect the fundamental cultural creative industries, major development.
References
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