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The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources News for our alumni and friends Fall/Winter 2006 Greening of Aiken Update: Progress leads to preparation William Maclay Architects and Planners Another highlight of the Press Conference will be to acknowledge the Excellence in Architecture Citation Award recently presented by The American Institute of Architects in Vermont to William Maclay Architects and Planners for their innovative and beautiful ecological design of the project. The Aiken project was selected from an impressive list of design plans because, according to AIA, the project represented “a textbook in sustainable concept and criteria.” Indeed, it has been a busy year for all areas within The Rubenstein School, including the Greening of Aiken. We look forward to updating you on increased funding and progress in the spring. Until then, for more information, Interior rendition of a green-renovated and expanded George D. Aiken Center by William Maclay Architects and please contact Ashley McAvey at 802-656-3296 or by email Planners of Waitsfield, Vermont at [email protected]. Since the last update in the spring The Press Conference will serve as an opnewsletter, we have made considerable portunity to update everyone on the progprogress and fundraising success around ress to date and the current planning that the Greening of Aiken Initiative. Apwill make this exciting project a reality. Best Wishes for a proximately $3 million has been raised While many of the lead funders to Healthy and Happy privately, thereby meeting the Presidential date wish to remain anonymous, the Press Challenge, which will provide an addiConference will be the first public opNew Year from all of tional $3 million from the University. portunity to thank all of our lead funders us at The Rubenstein In November, the University of Verto this point, including our first lead mont Board of Trustees met to discuss the corporate partner, Hannaford Brothers, School! University’s top priorities. The Rubenstein Inc. After careful review of the project School was pleased to learn that the Board and what it will mean for not only the agreed the Greening of Aiken is a top University of Vermont but for the entire priority, and we are now looking to late community, Hannaford chose to support Spring 2007 for a Ceremonial Groundour efforts with a generous $150,000 gift. breaking. President Fogel later stated We will also be pleased to recognize our that the project is one of UVM’s top two two Vermont foundation commitments to capital project priorities. date from the Lintilhac Foundation and Early in 2007, students, faculty, and the Windham Foundation. The Windham staff, along with University leaders and Foundation was the lead donor to the community members, will take part in original Aiken Center over two decades a Greening of Aiken Press Conference, ago, and we are now honored to, once open to the greater community outside the again, be partnered with such a prestigious University and, of course, the local media. Foundation. Sally McCay, University Photography Dean’s Message Thank you Dean Don DeHayes This newsletter is produced bi-annually to share news of The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources with alumni and friends. School web site: www.uvm.edu/envnr Dean Don DeHayes (802-656-4280) Associate Deans Graduate programs (M.S. and Ph.D.) Deane Wang (802-656-2694) Undergraduate programs Carl Newton (802-656-4280) Program Chairs Environmental Sciences Alan McIntosh (802-656-4057) Environmental Studies Ian Worley (802-656-4055) Forestry John Shane (802-656-2907) Natural Resources Clare Ginger (802-656-2698) Recreation Management Bob Manning (802-656-2684) Wildlife & Fisheries Biology Dave Hirth (802-656-3009) Senior Development Officer Ashley McAvey (802-656-3296) Newsletter Editor Shari Halik (802-656-3269) Please send news or suggestions to: Shari Halik, Aiken Center, 81 Carrigan Drive, UVM, Burlington, VT 05405 or [email protected]. Happy New Year to our alumni and friends from faculty, staff, and students of The Rubenstein School. It has indeed been a wonderful holiday season for us here at UVM. Whether we look at our enrollment and student quality (page 7), research funding and new faculty hires (page 4), or the wonderful work and commitment of our faculty, staff, and advisors (pages 3, 5 & 6), we are in an extraordinary place and feel very fortunate. We have a lot to be thankful for this year. In particular, I want to express my sincerest gratitude to the many alumni, friends, faculty, and staff who support the School. Your generosity has allowed us to meet and exceed the President’s $3 million challenge for the Greening of Aiken project (page 1). We have now raised more than $12.5 million for the project. We hope to soon make the dream of this project a reality. Your consistent generosity and support will allow us to not only “green” and expand the George D. Aiken Center, but also transform our pedagogy by making the renovated “living” building a major contributor to the active learning experience of our students. I want to acknowledge and express my gratitude to Steve and Beverly Rubenstein whose lead gift truly helped us launch our campaign. On a more personal note, I am both honored and enormously grateful for the gift that established the new Multicultural Scholarship in my name (page 9). For me, this is very special and meaningful. The new endowed scholarship will help provide a quality environmental and natural resources education at UVM for young men and women who would otherwise not be able to afford to be part of our program. The fact that the major donor is a long-time friend and colleague makes this honor even more special. I hope our alums and friends might be inspired by the supplemental challenge gift to make gifts of their own to help us grow the fund. Thank you in advance for your generosity. As we embark on a new year, I want to reflect with pride on the important work and expanding impact of our School. We will continue to commit to placing quality over quantity and student experience over self-interest — we will continue to insure that our work really matters. And, most of all, we won’t forget the many critical and necessary ways that you advance our School through your support. I wish for all of you a peaceful, productive, and healthy new year. Terry Turner (1938-2006) Terry Turner (MS-FOR ’64), retired lecturer in forestry, died October 18, 2006, after a battle with cancer. He was born January 26, 1938, and grew up in Brattleboro, Vermont. The first of his family to go to college, Terry earned bachelor’s and master’s degrees in forestry from UVM and the University of Maine. While at the University of Maine, he met Judy (Matthews) Turner. They were married on May 30, 1964, and eventually moved to Jericho, Vermont. With Terry’s support, Judy opened her own business, The Flower Mill, in Jericho. Devoted to his family, Terry took great pride in his sons, Michael (FOR ’88) and Kevin (UVM ’94). Terry’s professional life was unique in that he worked for the same employer, UVM, throughout his entire career. From 1964 until his retirement in 1999, he was a lecturer in the forestry program. His students and colleagues will remember Terry 2 for his tireless work at summer camp and his willingness to do everything necessary to help his students succeed. Terry’s dedication to young people and education went far beyond his family or his students at UVM. He was a member of the Mount Mansfield Union school board for nine years and was chair for six years. In 1999, Terry and Judy moved to Hubbardton, Vermont, where they lived on Beebe Lake. Terry enjoyed floating on the lake, birdwatching, or reading the paper on the deck. His workshop was a woodworker’s dream, and, as was Terry’s nature, he put great care and patience into each project he completed. Many emeriti and current faculty and staff and alumni spoke in memory of Terry at a memorial service on October 23 in Castleton, Vermont. Memorial contributions may be sent to the Twin Lakes Watershed Association, c/o Jodi Zeoli, 421 Birch Road Hubbardton, Brandon, VT 05733. This non-profit association is dedicated to maintaining the health and beauty of the lake that Terry so loved. (Adapted from the Burlington Free Press, October 20, 2006) Mary Watzin wins Teddy Roosevelt Award Professor Mary Watzin didn’t grow up on Lake Champlain. “But I feel like it is my lake now,” she said, having spent the last 15 years studying its waters and ways, “and I want to do everything I can to protect it.” She seems to be succeeding. Mary, professor in The Rubenstein School and director of the Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory, received the Teddy Roosevelt Award—given to “those who have dedicated themselves to preserving Lake Champlain as a precious resource,” the award citation reads—from the Lake Champlain Islands Chamber of Commerce in Isle La Motte, Vermont on September 16. “The reason we picked Mary is her outstanding research,” said Ruth Wallman, executive director of the chamber of commerce that established the award and co-hosted this year’s celebration with the Isle La Motte Preservation Trust and the Lake Champlain Land Trust. “She has done so much on the lake over the last dozen years to help us understand the blue-green algae that have been such a problem for landowners up in the northern part of the lake.” Mary, an ecologist whose research focuses on understanding how human activities influence ecosystem health, received the award as part of Isle La Motte’s annual “Teddy Roosevelt Day” celebrations, held at the historic Fisk Farm. There, on September 6, 1901, then Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt declared: “the nation behaves well if it treats the natural resources as assets which it must turn over Professor Mary Watzin, director of the Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Laboratory and award recipient for her dedicated research toward preserving Lake Champlain. to the next generation increased, and not impaired in value.” During that same visit, Roosevelt learned of the shooting of President McKinley, an event that soon lead to Roosevelt’s rise to the presidency from which he launched an unprecedented era of land conservation in the United States. “The challenge for my generation is not just to conserve what we have, but to aggressively restore some of what we have lost,” Mary said as she received Maria Erb RSENR staff members celebrate 40 years RSENR staff members Dick Furbush and Marcia Caldwell celebrate 40 years at UVM. “The best part of my 40 years at UVM,” said Marcia McAllister Caldwell, “has been seeing all ‘my’ students go through commencement after all their hard work.” Marcia and Dick Furbush were each honored for their 40 years of service at UVM in September. Marcia is currently administrative assistant in the Dean’s Office, and Dick is captain of the Melosira and research facilities manager at the lakefront Rubenstein Ecosystem Science Lab. Dick said, “As I think back, I am amazed by the technological changes we have experienced in the marine sciences. Developments such as GPS/GIS electronic charting, data loggers, and environmental sensors have enabled us to do and teach so much more.” 3 the award before more than 100 people including Vermont Governor Jim Douglas. “By [Roosevelt’s] criterion, I’m not sure that the nation has always behaved that well. When we look at Lake Champlain today, no question, we see impairments.” The most problematic of these impairments comes from excess phosphorus, pouring down from farms and lawns into streams and rivers and then building up in lake water and bottom sediments; it’s a key culprit in the complex blue-green algae bloom that Mary is helping to unravel. “I see my job as not just doing research but as translating science for the purpose of better management of the lake,” Mary said. Past Teddy Roosevelt Award winners include U.S. Senators Patrick Leahy and James Jeffords, Art Cohn, executive director of the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, state Senator Dick Mazza, and, last year, the conservation organization, Friends of Missisquoi Bay & Conservation Baie Missisquoi. “On the hundredth anniversary of TR’s visit to Isle La Motte, we established this award to honor people who have carried on his legacy of conservation,” Ruth Wallman said. “Mary has provided practical information and focused attention where problems are the worst. She’s a great friend to the lake.” —Joshua Brown, UVM Communications New faculty member adds atmospheric science expertise to RSENR Nadine Unger, new RSENR assistant professor in atmospheric sciences Nadine Unger, assistant professor in atmospheric sciences, set up her widescreen computer monitor in her office in Aiken this past August. “This is all I need,” she laughed, her English accent bubbling with enthusiasm. “All of my research is simulation, using a computer model and satellite observations to assess and project climate change resulting from air pollution.” Nadine hails from the Yorkshire Dales of northeastern England. “I grew up in countryside similar to Vermont’s,” she explained, which is partially what attracted her to UVM, along with RSENR’s interdisciplinary nature, UVM’s aspiration to become a premier environmental university, and her desire to teach. With a BS in chemistry and a PhD in atmospheric chemistry from Leeds University in England, Nadine has a thorough understanding of the molecular level of her science, but uses her chemistry savvy to work at a global scale. To study our atmosphere, she manipulates a model of the earth designed at NASA’s Goddard Space Studies Institute. At the Institute’s Columbia University Center for Climate Systems Research in New York City, Nadine worked as a post-doc and a research scientist with Dr. James Hansen, a leading authority on global climate change. “The model is extremely cool,” said Nadine. “It simulates the earth’s climate—its wind and precipitation patterns, chemical formation of pollution, and surface emissions. We can reproduce what the earth was like in the last Ice Age, diagnose how humans have changed the earth’s atmosphere, and project how air pollution will affect our future climate.” Nadine will continue her NASA research at UVM but will develop a higher resolution version of the model to focus on the Northeast and how emissions of volatile organic compounds from forests and vegetation impact our climate. Not always an academician, she took time out after her doctoral work and a post-doc at Harvard University to test the waters of the business world. For a year, she worked at the Arthur D. Little Corporation in Cambridge, England as an environmental consultant on an impact study for a large company building a petrochemical plant in China. “One day I woke up and wanted to go back to what I loved—my research and its quantitative rigor,” she admitted. “It is important to help humans understand our atmosphere and how enormously we’re impacting it.” Nadine will teach a graduate-level course on global warming this spring. In fall 2007, she will offer an atmospheric science class as part of the undergraduate environmental sciences curriculum. Married in June 2006, Nadine and her husband, Michael, a career counselor in UVM’s School of Business Administration, live in Burlington, where they walk to work each day. Nadine, who enjoys acting, plans to join a community theater. —Shari Halik Alum and policy entrepreneur Richard Watts asks energy questions Richard Watts, RSENR lecturer Previously an adjunct lecturer in UVM’s Environmental Program, Richard Watts (PhD-NR ’06) is filling in as a lecturer for RSENR Professor Curt Ventriss who is on sabbatical leave. Richard designed his courses around his expertise in environmental activism and transportation and energy policy. “With a name like Watts,” joked Richard, “what else could I specialize in but energy?” For his doctoral research, Richard studied conflicts surrounding the siting of a 63-mile high-voltage transmission line from Rutland to Burlington and interacted with citizens, town officials, and energy planners. “I found there were significant limitations placed on citizen participation and an urgent need for more locally generated energy policy discussions,” said Richard. As a policy fellow at the not-for-profit Snelling Center for Government, Richard focuses on citizen participation in Vermont energy and transportation planning and works closely with graduate students. “If Hydro-Quebec and Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant contracts are not renewed in the next several years, what should Vermont’s energy sources be?” asked Richard. “Who decides and how do we engage the public?” Richard’s expertise goes back to his undergraduate years in the 1980s. With a BA in political science and, later, an MA in journalism, Richard worked as an aide in the statehouse in Albany, New York; as a grassroots organizer with the New York Public Interest Research Group; and on political campaigns throughout the Northeast. 4 First executive director of the Vermont Advanced Vehicle Project (EVermont), Richard raised $2 million in mostly federal funds to test 25 electric vehicles in Vermont’s rural climate. “Since I left in 2001, the Project has begun testing hydrogen-fueled Geo Metros and plug-in hybrids,” Richard pointed out. Richard owns a consulting firm specializing in public relations and strategic communications for public and private clients, mostly involved with transportation, energy, campaigns, and policy. “I guess you could call me a policy entrepreneur,” grinned Richard. “I raise funds to engage citizens, planners, utilities, scientists, politicians, and anyone else in discussions about energy conflicts and solutions. I especially enjoy getting students involved.” His courses include NR 104 Social Processes and the Environment, NR 153 Introduction to Environmental Policy, and ENVS 195 Energy and the Environment. Richard lives in Hinesburg, Vermont with his wife, Allison Cleary, a freelance writer and editor, and their two daughters, Anna and Rose. A third daughter, Kristina, works for the Peace Corps. —Shari Halik Carl Waite sees three decades of change in natural resources and RSENR Shari Halik Researcher-analyst, technician, jack-of-all-trades—Carl Waite (FOR ’72, Wildlife Management option) has witnessed many changes in the natural resources field and in the School over three decades, beginning with his early years caring for captive deer and fisher for Professors Tom Hoekstra and Bob Fuller and growing birch seedlings for Professor Pete Hannah. During his 33 years as staff member, Carl’s responsibilities evolved as faculty or projects needed support, much of it increasingly technical. Carl worked on genetics and forest tree improvement in the late 1970s with Professor Don DeHayes. “It was a big research focus then,” explained Carl. “We collected seed range-wide—mostly birch, walnut, and fir—grew seedlings on growth frames in Hills Building’s basement, and outplanted to provenance tests throughout the Northeast. We measured and assessed growth characteristics to select superior seed sources.” In the mid-1980s, national forestry research concentrated on acid rain. Supported by NAPAP (National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program), Carl teamed up with Don, Chip Williams (MS-FOR ’80), Gary Hawley (FOR ’78, MS-FOR ’82) and other colleagues to study genetic diversity and cold tolerance of high elevation red spruce to determine causes for winter injury and how it was related to acid precipitation. “It was an exciting time,” admitted Carl. “We found only new growth of red spruce is being injured, the tree lacks the genetic diversity and cold tolerance of other montane species, acid in mountain fog reduces cold tolerance of red spruce seedlings, and nitrogen fertilization enhances cold tolerance.” In the early 1990s, Carl investigated precipitation and leaf chemistry in forest canopies with Research Professor Tim Scherbatskoy (MS, PhD-UVM ’80, ’89). Carl’s tenure began as a meteorological site supervisor for the Vermont Monitoring Cooperative at the Proctor Maple RSENR staff member Carl Waite stands on the roof of the George D. Aiken Center where he has helped to install and test solar panels as part of the Greening of Aiken Initiative. Research Center in Underhill, Vermont. He helped build a 22-meter walk-up tower to access forest canopy for environmental and meteorological monitoring. Efforts by Carl, Miriam Pendleton, technician at Proctor, and others transformed the center into a nationally-recognized meteorological and atmospheric monitoring site. With Professor Deane Wang and other colleagues, Carl helped develop an intensive ecosystem study in 1994. “Historically, ecosystem studies, like the big Hubbard Brook Ecosystem and ‘Sandbox’ studies in New Hampshire, used non-replicated designs with one plot per treatment,” explained Carl. “We wanted to assess interactions occurring in the early stages of ecosystem development, so we used two to three treatment replications at two different sites.” Carl maintains sites in South Burlington and Wolcott, Vermont where he buried 49 large plastic tanks as open-topped mescosms in which seedlings were planted and their growth measured. He pumps leachate from the bottoms of the mesocosms for chemical analysis. “We found even small amounts of biomass planted in over five metric tons of soil influence nutrient export in the leachate,” said Carl. Since 1996, Carl spends much of his time, along with RSENR staff member Dick Furbush, maintaining four additional VMC meteorological stations located on the east and west sides of Mt. Mansfield and at two sites on Lake Champlain. A Greening of Aiken initiator, Carl worked with RSENR students and Draker Solar, Inc. to install and test solar panels on the roof of Aiken. “I enjoy the outdoor work and the mix of responsibilities I’ve accumulated over the years,” said Carl. He lives in Essex Junction, Vermont with his wife, Sarah, secretary at a local elementary school. Their children, Nathaniel and Ashlee, both recently graduated from college, are now employed in the medical profession. —Shari Halik Society of Environmental Journalists connects with VT’s environmental leaders Late October brought the Society of Environmental Journalists to Burlington. Sponsored by UVM and Vermont Law School, the annual conference attracted working journalists to explore the environmental leadership, scientific expertise, and land stewardship found in Vermont. Journalists from National Geographic, Audubon, The New Yorker, The New York Times, ABC News, National Public Radio, and dozens of other major publications took tours and participated on panels, including “The Biggest Story, the Biggest Challenge: Capturing Climate Change.” Participants connected with environmental experts, including RSENR faculty, on tours of Lake Champlain, Stowe Mountain, Camel’s Hump, Burlington’s Intervale, Shelburne Farms, and MarshBillings-Rockefeller National Historic 5 Park, among others. “This is an opportunity for Vermont and regional journalists to learn from their peers and for Vermont’s environmental leaders to demonstrate the state’s strengths,” said conference organizer Cheryl Dorschner, communications professional in UVM’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Board member John Douglas passes along his environmental and business insights career attention to golf. In the late 1990s, he joined Carnegie Abbey Club, a private golf and sporting club in Portsmouth, Rhode Island. Commuting from his Stowe, Vermont home, John was the club secretary of this unique development from 2000 to 2005. He was appointed to the RSENR Board of Advisors in 2000. He serves on the Development Committee and has played a key role in the search for the School’s development officer and the creation of a strategic development plan. “When I first met and talked to Dean Don DeHayes, I was struck by the uniqueness of The Rubenstein School with its aim to bridge the gap between the environment and the business world,” John recalled. John Douglas, member RSENR Board of Advisors “I also find it exciting to work with Don and the Grandparents, parents, and other famSchool’s leadership in helping to push the ily members passed along an important concept of UVM becoming ‘The Environlegacy to John Douglas: to enjoy and mental University’,” he added. appreciate the outdoors. “Growing up in “John brings a thorough understandMinnesota, there was an overall outdoor ing of both environmental issues and theme to all of our activities from skiing, the business world to the School and the hunting, fishing, and golfing to spendBoard; his insights are absolutely critical ing summers canoeing on the lake,” John to the advancement and relevance of The recalled. Rubenstein School and the environmental After graduating from the University university. His knowledge about marketof Minnesota with a degree in political ing has helped tremendously in our efforts science, John weaved together a career to promote the School. He is a wonderwith his passion for skiing and golf. He ful friend, a superb communicator, and a started at Rossignol Ski Company in 1972 great supporter,” said Don DeHayes. and drove a van full of skis to promote the When asked to reflect upon the ski product across the Midwest region. Each industry, John honestly admitted there was year, he accepted more responsibilities less awareness about best environmental with the company. A promotion to manpractices in the early days. Things have agement in 1976 brought John to Vermont changed. John is currently working with to assume duties initially as racing direcSpruce Peak at Stowe where 2,000 of tor, then product manager, advertising 3,000 possible development acres have director, and eventually an involvement been permanently protected through state in marketing. John left Rossignol in 1991 ownership by the use of conservation to join Olin Ski Company as vice presieasement. The company has an environdent. He then had an opportunity in the mental charter to guide its actions and has late 1990s to become president of Atomic worked with the surrounding community USA, the second-leading ski brand. to seek stakeholder input and to improve John smiled when he talked about communication and increase understandleaving the ski industry only to turn his ing. John stated, “I am inspired to work 6 with this project which will likely be considered the most environmentally sound plan in the history of ski area development. I feel that I am making an impact on the environmental front through this work, as well as with my involvement on the Board of Advisors.” Just as John’s grandparents and parents influenced him, he has passed along to his family a love for the outdoors and a respect for nature. His daughter Devon is a graduate student studying environmental policy at the University of Michigan. “Devon’s work continues to influence and inform me and she has helped raise my awareness about many more environmental issues,” John shared with pride. John lives in Stowe with his wife, Julie, and daughters, Devon and Kerry. Good luck catching him at home, though. You most likely will find John outdoors enjoying his sports and learning a new lesson about nature. —Kate Baldwin, Advancement Officer The Rubenstein School Board of Advisors Chair Ann Pesiri Swanson (WFB ’79) Ned Austin (UVM ’57) Mark Biedron (UVM ’74) Gary Black David Blittersdorf (UVM ’81) Herb Bormann John Douglas Kay Henry Matthew Kolan (UVM ’05) Crea Lintilhac (UVM ’78) Frank Parker Genevieve Pence (ENSC ’99) Will Raap Peter Rose (UVM ’54) Chuck Ross (UVM ’78) Steve Rubenstein (UVM ’61) Senator Robert Stafford Sam Webb Ross Whaley John Wilson (FOR ’75) Min Zheng (ENVS ’08) Honorary Members Lola Aiken Eugene Kalkin (UVM ’50) RSENR admissions and Aiken Scholars Program record banner year Fall 2006 saw the enrollment of the largest class first-year class in the history of The Rubenstein School. This year, 136 new first-year, first time students enrolled in the School. Since 2003, we have been on a consistent upward trend in the number of applicants and the number of students enrolled. University of Vermont UVM and RSENR host fall environmental events munity to all humans in our relationship to the environment. A panel of Vermont environmental leaders, including alum Katie Manaras (MS-FOR ’06), discussed forest stewardship and engaged the audience in how to reach practical resolutions in Vermont. The day concluded with an address by Dr. 2006 Aiken Lecture discussion panel, left to right, Hank Lunde, Michael Rosenzweig, Stowe Mountain Resort; Katie Manaras (MS-FOR ’06); Stephen Morse, Windham Foundation; Leo Laferriere, consulting forester; professor of ecology and Lisa Chase, Vermont Tourism Data Center evolutionary biology at The University of Arizona and author of Win-Win Ecology. Dr. The 2006 George D. Aiken Lecture Rosenzweig penned the term “reconcili“Common Sense & Compromise” helped ation ecology,” a theory that there is still lead off this fall’s environmental events time to save the world’s species by creaton September 26. Winona LaDuke, member of the Mis- ing and maintaining sustainable habitats. In spring 2007, the second half of this sissippi Band of Anishinaabeg and Green year’s lecture series will consider internaParty vice-presidential candidate with tional agreements on climate change. Ralph Nader in 1996 and 2000, spoke Sponsored by RSENR and ECHO at on “Forests for the Seventh Generation.” the Leahy Center for Lake Champlain, LaDuke, who has written extensively Jean-Michel Cousteau, ocean explorer, on Native American and environmental filmmaker, and environmental activist, issues, related the values of her own com7 presented clips from his films at UVM on October 5. For more than four decades, Jean-Michel Cousteau, son of the legendary ocean explorer Jacques Cousteau, has used his vast experience to communicate the importance of oceans and water—and the interconnectedness of the whole planet, from mountain rain to ocean basin—to people around the globe. The Gund Institute for Ecological Economics hosted a global ecosystems services conference during the week of October 9. Over 40 UVM professors and grad students joined visiting scientists in applying ecological and economic insight into a local, regional, and global model to aid in ecosystem conservation efforts by organizations around the world. The project is funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore foundation. Professor David Orr, chair of the Environmental Studies Program at Oberlin College and James Marsh Professor-atLarge at UVM, visited campus in late October. World-renowned pioneer and author in the areas of environmental literacy and more recently, ecological design, Dr. Orr spoke to UVM about “Design on the Edge” and with the RSENR community, shared his vision of the greening process. Maria Erb students who enrolled this fall in the School, 46% were in the top 20% of their high school graduating class. Of these students, 6 are in the University Honors College and 53 are in The Rubenstein School’s Lola Aiken Scholars Program. Number of students applying to and enrolling in We created the Lola Aiken The Rubenstein School Scholars program to attract academically highAdmission Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 achieving students to Applicants 293 306 403 434 The Rubenstein School as well as to honor Lola Enrollments 81 87 126 136 Aiken, a long-time supporter of the School. This is especially exciting given that the Too many students in the national trend of student interest in the Lola Aiken Scholars Proenvironment and natural resources fields gram is a great problem to Left to right, Lola Aiken Scholars Emily Lord (ENVS ’07) and have! Because of the large is on the decline. Tori Jones (ENVS ’07), Professor David Hirth, and Lola Aiken, number of Aiken Scholars, Another exciting development is the long-time friend of the School we offered two sections of the increase in the quality of our enrolled tary followed by a group photo with Lola Lola Aiken Scholars Seminar this fall. students. This fall’s yield (percentage of and a reception. Professor David Hirth and David Brynn, admitted students who enroll) of RubenThe next cycle of admissions has beDirector of the Green Forestry Education stein School applicants who were in the gun and applications are already pouring Initiative, led the seminars. On October top 20% of their high school graduating in to the Admissions Office. We hope to 23, Mrs. Lola Aiken came to campus for class was 43%, compared to the Univerhave more good news to share next year her annual visit with the Scholars. They sity-wide yield of applicants which was about our fall 2007 incoming class! enjoyed the George D. Aiken Documen15% in the same category. Of the 136 —Maria Erb, Assistant to the Dean The Rubenstein School Honor Roll of Supporters The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources gratefully acknowledges the following contributors for their generous support in fiscal year July 1, 2005 through June 30, 2006. Class of 1934 Ellinor Bean Hauke Class of 1941 Dawn Nichols Hazelett Class of 1945 Betty Walker Wilkinson Class of 1950 Eugene Kalkin Jane Gates Capizzi Class of 1954 F. Peter Rose Class of 1955 Janet Tudhope Austin Luther F. Hackett Class of 1956 Sally Smith Hackett Class of 1957 Edward L. Austin, Jr. Class of 1961 Stephen B. Rubenstein Class of 1963 Alfred S. Glazier Class of 1964 Linda Herzenberg Sparks Class of 1967 Philip H. Steckler Class of 1968 Jennifer Berger Stanley Class of 1969 Paul M. Woodard Class of 1973 Brehon H. Odronic Class of 1974 Mark W. Biedron Barbara L. Curran Michael E. Curran Deane C. Wilson Class of 1975 Jorgene Zetta Barton Margaret Field Lyons Richard D. Paul John D. Wilson Class of 1976 Jill Jones Agnew Gary N. Back Susan Swenson Barbuto Peter A. Beekman Kathleen Marr Chesney Susan Hudson Wilson C. Bertram Plante Leigh Wickham Seddon Beth Frances Volker Richard R. White Brian H. Williams Class of 1977 Charles D. Agnew Timothy V. Bouton Class of 1978 Martha L. Agan John T. Dore Stephen W. Feder David Gibson Robert S. Houghton Thomas F. Ketcham David Kittredge Chelsie Wallace Levitan Crea S. Lintilhac Jay F. Madden Charles R. Ross, Jr. Class of 1979 Diana Tanielian Frederick Douglas I. Greenhaus Julie A. Lundgren Richard A. Poecker Ann Pesiri Swanson Eric Swanson Class of 1980 Hiram J. Brown Paul D. Dub Amy Estabrook-Ross Mary R. Gulbrandsen G. Montgomery Lovejoy III Thomas T. Menees Laura E. Robison Katharine Tannahill Sexson Nancy Brill Sklar Susan J. Warren Class of 1981 David Blittersdorf Robin A. Chadderdon Sally A. Hommer Class of 1982 Paul Frederick William ‘Kip’ Graham David B. Krause Mark Mazzola Carl Russell Jacquelyn Trilling Sattler Nancy G. Voorhis Class of 1983 Todd R. Baldwin Donald J. Dewees Johanna Goldsmith Laggis Michelle Simpson Mazzola Daniel D. Sperduto Natalie Thayer Starr Sam Wear Class of 1984 Jeffrey P. Clavin Jane S. Kaufman Johnna Lyn Roy David R. Shepard Class of 1985 Diane White Mealo Nancy L. Patch Janet L. Powers Phillip J. Royer Joan Price Weir Class of 1986 Lydia Bailey Michael D. Finley Richmond B. Hopkins Linda Allen Lussier Tracey M. Tomajer Class of 1987 Robert J. Henke Matthew G. Kenna Nancy E. Owens Class of 1988 Debra A. Drucker Warren P. Gray David K. Person Alma E. Ripps Andrea Stahl Uchtman Class of 1989 Ethan S. Meginnes Michele E. Malone Brooke Doherty Mindnich Morgan Schenk Pierce Scott W. Smith Fawn A. Stevenson Maureen Halnon Wheeler Class of 1990 Robyn R. Rehak Zoe R. Rothchild Class of 1991 Sheila E. Finn Margaret ‘Pegs’ Gibson Grant Gund Andrew L. King Suzanne Taylor King John O. Niles Class of 1992 Andrea Kavanagh Class of 1993 John L. Clark Jeffrey L. Gaeckle Zachary Gund Deborah C. Lester Katharine Welles Locke J. Macveagh Murphy Charles R. Staples Class of 1994 Andrew S. Carlo Richard B. Chipman David L. Fairfax John Landis Greta J. Lowther Gregory A. Smithers Eli S. Weissman Class of 1995 Matthew H. Catapano August Ganzenmuller John D. Russell Class of 1996 Marcus T. Bradley Kristin M. Hathaway Grey S. Lee Eric R. Lutz Sean S. Madden Pamela Pedley-Deming Todd M. Rohlen Class of 1997 Hilary Stuart Coole Gregory J. Falcone Deborah A. Lynch Class of 1998 Corey Hendrickson Jeremy A. Kudesh Gerilynn Saxe Richard Simmons Thomas S. Woodruff Class of 1999 Anonymous Lauren K. Borofsky Andrea F. Donlon Genevieve Quinault Kent Pence Jonathan C. Ramsay Class of 2000 Karen F. Bright Heather Leahy-Mack Patrick F. Martin Phillip C. Perron Gabe Russo Class of 2001 Grace E. Dyer Amy C. Giaquinto Roger J. Hart David R. Newman Michael H. Schambach Peter B. Steckler Class of 2002 Jenna L. Gatski Peter T. Hyde Scott Pfister Kathryn E. Sylvester Jamie K. Weaver Andrea E. Ziga Class of 2003 Katherine M. Sargeant Class of 2004 Brett W. Donah Sarah D. Jones Brynne E. Lazarus Brent Oblinger Sarah K. Silverberg Class of 2005 Sarah A. Hagan Christopher J. Jager Matthew Kolan Class of 2006 Timothy Schmalz Class of 2008 Min Zheng Faculty and Staff Lorraine Berkett W. Breck Bowden Herb Bormann Marcia McAllister Caldwell 8 David Capen (emeritus) Donald H. DeHayes John Donnelly (emeritus) Maria Dykema Erb Anne Trask Forcier ’79 Lawrence K. Forcier Richard Furbush Alphonse Gilbert (emeritus) Caryn D. Gronvold Shari Halik ’83 Thomas Hudspeth David A. Kaufman William Keeton John Lindsay (emeritus) Philip M. Lintilhac ’63 Ashley P. McAvey Thomas McEvoy Leslie Morrissey Carl Newton Donna Parrish David A. Raphael Carl H. Reidel (emeritus) Jean Richardson (emeritus) Paul Schaberg ’81 Allan Strong ’83 Donald Tobi ’83 Carl Waite ’72 Deane Wang Mary Watzin Roy Whitmore (emeritus) Friends Lola Pierotti Aiken Anonymous (2) Cynthia Ash Russ Ayer Joseph Barbuto Alan and Judy Barry Holly and James Bartlett Barbara B. Beekman Gretchen J. Biedron Gary and Heather Black Betsy and Harry Calcutt Timothy D. Cross Frederick and Heike Doane John and Julienne Douglas Frank and Vilma Falck Laurel A. Glazier Mary Griswold Gordon and Llura Gund Lara Gund Lindsay Guinan Gund William Hall Nancy F. Hammer R. William Hazelett Raymond W. Hencir Kathryn W. Henry Gail Wilcox Holmes Virginia Louering Hopkins David Houston Linda O. Johnson Joan Kalkin Ronald Kelley Pamela Kohlberg Alexandra Loeb Jo-Ann G. Lovejoy Edward and Beth Merritt Franklin and Margaret Parker William Raap Rudolph and Sheila Rauch David C. Ray Robert E. Rickett Beverly Rubenstein Robert W. Satkowski Thomas ‘Mike’ Scott Susan and William Seitz Dale Smeltzer Senator Robert Stafford Edmund A. Stanley Marcia S. Steckler Continued on page 9 RSENR Honor Roll of Supporters continued Anne and Frederic Stutzman Ellen and Frank Svitek H. Brent Teillon Diana and George Tsimoyianis Samuel and Marshall Webb Ross S. Whaley James E. Wilkinson Carrie Smith Woodruff Corporations, Foundations, and Organizations Anonymous Cape Branch Foundation Capizzi Family Trust David B. Krause, LLS Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund Foundation for a Sustainable Future Gordon and Llura Gund Foundation Donor honors Dean Don DeHayes A long-time friend of The Rubenstein School recently made an outstanding gift. Deeply devoted to Dean DeHayes and his leadership, dedication, and passion for the School’s mission, the anonymous donor generously established a $100,000 endowed scholarship in Don’s name ($67,000 from the donor who utilized the valuable $33,000 match from the Lintilhac Challenge). What makes this gift even more special is that the donor asked Don to determine the criteria for awarding the scholarship. Given Don’s commitment to fostering multicultural diversity in the School for over a decade and his longtime quest for an endowed scholarship in this arena, Don knew exactly what kind of scholarship he wanted to bear his name. The Donald H. DeHayes Multicultural Scholarship will provide annual scholarship assistance to one or more fulltime undergraduate or graduate students in The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources. Awards will be based on the student’s academic ability, financial need, commitment to a career in the environment and natural resources, and propensity to advance the University’s goal of creating a diverse community. Preference may be given to inner-city students and students from The High School for Environmental Studies in New York City, where The Rubenstein School recruits students each year. Don took the lead in forging close ties between UVM and the inner-city environmental school, to the benefit of both institutions. “I am proud to be dean of a school that understands the importance of ensuring ethnic diversity in environmental professions,” Don said. “In addition to perspectives of societal relevance and equitability, there exists an essential connection between multiculturalism and long-term ecological health and sustainability.” Nevertheless, Don points out, environment and natural resources programs at UVM and elsewhere have to work at building enrollment among ethnically diverse populations. “I am both humbled and exceedingly grateful to accept this new scholarship in my name,” he said. “It represents an ardent ambition—both personally and of the entire Rubenstein School community—to create more pathways for these qualified scholars to become successful environmental leaders in all corners of the Earth.” Don invites all interested alumni, parents, and friends to support the Donald H. DeHayes Multicultural Scholarship with a gift of any level and to participate in the Donald H. DeHayes Multicultural Scholarship Challenge (see box). To do so, you will honor Don as well as countless students who will benefit from the scholarship in perpetuity. For more information, please contact Ashley McAvey, Senior Development Officer, at 802-6563296 or [email protected]. The Donald H. DeHayes Multicultural Scholarship Challenge Second donor challenges others to help further grow the fund Upon learning of the newly created and endowed Donald H. DeHayes Multicultural Scholarship, another friend of The Rubenstein School has made a challenge gift of $50,000 for all Rubenstein School alumni, parents, and friends to collectively contribute an additional $50,000. By committing to this challenge, the donor hopes to see the initial amount of the scholarship double from $100,000 to $200,000 within the first year. The anonymous friend stated, “I am making this matching gift to the scholarship because I want to challenge all alumni, parents, and friends of The Rubenstein School to grow this endowment as quickly as possible. As this endowment grows, it will provide critical support to our multicultural students enrolled in our School and make a tremendous difference in their lives. Ultimately, I want to see the endowment fund providing many full attendance scholarships for exceptional multicultural students.” Indeed, the Donald H. DeHayes Multicultural Scholarship is completely about students. We invite you to step up to the challenge! Hazelett Strip-Casting Corporation Henry David Thoreau Foundation The Elm Foundation Kate Svitek Memorial Fund Lintilhac Foundation North Woods Forestry Paradigm Analytical Laboratories Personalized Fitness Solutions Philip & Marcia Steckler Charitable Lead Trust Rohlen Foundation Smith Barney Charitable Trust, Inc. Shelburne Shipyard, Inc. Sterling Forest Products Steve & Beverly Rubenstein Foundation Trucost PLC Member of RSENR Board of Advisors All Cycle/Casella supports RSENR students Recently, a local University of Vermont vendor, All Cycle/Casella, informed us of their decision to create the All Cycle/Casella Scholarship Fund, a Rubenstein School operating scholarship fund that will exist for five years. It will be used to provide annual scholarship assistance to one or more students with financial need who are pursuing a degree in the School. The scholarship is open to students in good academic standing from all geographic areas and will be given to students entering their junior year. Nominations and scholarship selection, including a one-page application process stating the student’s passion for the environment, will take place in the Dean’s office this spring. The Rubenstein School applauds All Cycle/Casella’s generosity and thanks them for their outstanding support of our students. Thank you! Thank you to the alumni who participated in the 2006 Rubenstein School Alumni Employment Survey. Your information is invaluable to the School. We look forward to reporting results of the survey in a future newsletter. If you would still like to paticipate in the survey, please log on to http://www.uvm.edu/envnr/alumnisurvey2006.htm or contact Varna Ramaswamy at [email protected] or 802-656-2514. Shari Halik Alum David Demarest grows VTea Alum David Demarest (ENSC ’02) holds spawn of the reishi mushroom which he cultivates on wood chips in Underhill, Vermont and brews into a cold beverage sold as VTea. What do you get when you brew Vermont mushrooms, cultivated on Vermont milled wood chips, and use Vermont maple syrup and Vermont cranberries for flavoring? VTea, of course! That’s what David Demarest (ENSC ’02) produces on his 51 acres in Underhill, Vermont. Why mushrooms? “As an undergrad, I concentrated on ecological design with Professor John Todd,” explained Dave, “and we grew oyster mushrooms using farm and food processing by-products. I got into sustainable production of mushrooms for their healing properties and founded Green Mountain Mycosystems.” Dave and colleague, Jason Pappas of Burlington, dabble in oyster mushroom, shiitake, and maitake cultivation, but spend most of their time growing a mushroom called reishi or Ganoderma tsugae which grows naturally on our native hemlock. “Asians call it the ‘mushroom of immortality’,” explained Dave. “They’ve used it for 2000 years to balance the immune system, improve stamina, and increase vitality. It can be taken as a concentrated extract or enjoyed as a tea.” Dave and Jason produce and sell dried reishi, its extract, and a cold drink called VTea. VTea Limited markets two flavors of mycobrew—Maple Lemon Reishi and Maple Cranberry Cordyceps—containing extracts of dried reishi and Cordyceps mushrooms brewed at a non-profit, USDA-inspected kitchen rented by the hour. Dave works hard to add locally grown ingredients to his brews. “One of my sugarmakers is just down the road,” he pointed out. And the cranberries are grown by Bob Lesnikoski (FOR ’83), a couple towns north in Fletcher, Vermont. “It’s tough to keep production local. We brew the tea in Fairfax, Vermont, but it’s bottled in Pennsylvania,” he admitted. “It’s the only way we can afford to use the high quality local ingredients our drinks are made from and keep up with demand.” The partners are continually refining, whether it’s their recipes, their techniques, or their logistics. They discovered that making their own deliveries to their 50 retailers, mostly health food stores and cooperatives, around the Northeast wasn’t economical. “We now have a small distributor who takes care of our out-ofstate runs, and we deliver to our Vermont customers,” Dave said, pointing out the white box truck parked at the bottom of the driveway (really a logging road) to his one-room, straw bale house. Dave and Jason also found that using log cultivation to grow their mushrooms was too labor and time intensive for their business. “We’ve changed gears to wood chip bed cultivation,” Dave explained, nodding downhill to the 22-ton stockpile of wood chips at the base of the logging road leading up to his work site. He steam pasteurizes the chips in windrows and makes beds of chips on his woodlot for mushroom production. To grow mushrooms, you start with spawn, and to prepare spawn, sterility is everything, according to Dave. A box trailer serves as his solar-electric, spawn culturing lab. He slices pieces from inside a wild-collected mushroom and grows them in Petri plates. The spawn is expanded to 5-pound bags of sawdust for mass production. In the spring and fall, he carries bags of spawn, the size of loaves of bread, into the woods where he mixes chunks into his chip beds, covers them with cardboard, waters as needed, and waits for his mushrooms to grow. “We’re constantly working on ways to become more sustainable,” said Dave. “Our goal is to make the health benefits of mushrooms easily accessible to our customers using a production process that minimizes reliance on fossil fuels and leaves the least environmental impact.” For more information on Dave’s sustainable mushroom business, visit www. vermontmushrooms.com. —Shari Halik Alum Chip Williams makes his way back to teaching Chip Williams (MS-FOR ’80) found a round about way to the forestry program at UVM. “When I graduated from Middlebury College, some friends and I built a cabin in the mountains near Norwich, Vermont and set up a maple sugaring operation,” he reminisced. “One early spring day, a neighboring Vermont farmer drove up on his tractor while we were tapping an especially large tree. ‘Expect to get a lot of sap out of that one?’ he asked us. My partners and I answered, ‘Yeah, it’s huge; we’ll hang five buckets on this one!’ The farmer nodded and said, ‘Well, good luck to you,’ as he drove off. Soon after, we learned we had tapped an extremely large white ash!” His curiosity roused, Chip headed to UVM where he hooked up with Professors John Donnelly and Don DeHayes and began a master’s program in forestry. He became intrigued with genetics and statistics. Not satisfied with a master’s, he proceeded to Pennsylvania State University where he 10 received his PhD in forestry in 1984 and returned to UVM to teach Dendrology. “I’d come a long way from a college grad who couldn’t tell an ash from a maple,” Chip admitted. “I enjoyed sharing my tree identification expertise with young natural resources students.” Chip became immersed in forest research. Awarded a NAPAP (National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program) grant, he studied effects of acid rain on high elevation red spruce with Don. He Continued on page 11 Chip Williams continued also worked as a research plant geneticist at the Forest Service in South Burlington for several years. Unfortunately, it was the late 1980s. The Forest Service was not hiring permanent employees, enrollment in forestry schools was dropping, universities were not hiring, and forest industry was moving toward research cooperatives with universities. Chip resorted to earning his MBA and becoming financial officer of a wetlands mitigation firm in Florida. “The concept of wetlands banking is appropriate in our south Florida ecosystem,” Chip explained. “If developers want to build on a wetland, they are forced to mitigate to abide by the federal policy of no net loss of wetlands. They can compensate for destruction of a wetland by paying to establish or improve another wetland.” “This shotgun approach,” added Chip, “creates wetlands that may provide habitat for wildlife but aren’t connected to one another and therefore have no real ecological benefit. A regional approach would be much more beneficial.” Chip became an economic analyst for the South Florida Water Management District which administers the water supply for agriculture, recreation, and private and industrial consumption from Orlando to the Keys and is partnering to restore the Everglades. At this time, he traveled to China with his father, a professor of Alum Chip Williams (MS-FOR ’80) visits China with the Royal Geographic Society. international finance, and members of the Royal Geographic Society. “I met scientists involved in construction of the Three Gorges Dam, which is flooding the entire Yangtze River Valley and completely changing the temperature regime and ecology of the area,” said Chip. “Their lack of acknowledgement of the ecological impacts is frighteningly similar to our federal government’s attitude regarding drainage of the Everglades in the 1950s for real estate development and sugar cane production.” Chip lives in Hobe Sound, Florida and Alumni Notes To keep this Alumni Notes section on-going, we need to hear from you! Please send your updates to [email protected]. ’78 Matt Jenkins (FOR) lives in Jamaica, VT where he owns 40 acres. He works in the woods, sells firewood, and has a carpentry business. ’94 Deanna Fryer Deinzer (WFB) and her husband Kurt welcomed a new baby boy, Ryan Nelson Deinzer, on April 11, 2006. Ryan arrived 5 weeks early and was 5 lbs. 6 oz. and 19 in. They reside in Boonton Township, NJ with their dog Casey. ’98 Tom Woodruff (RM) and his wife Carrie had their first baby, John Christian Woodruff (Jack), on November 19, 2006. Tom says Jack is already strengthening his legs for ski season. They live in Ipswich, MA where Carrie is a Spanish teacher and Tom builds boats. Contact Tom at [email protected]. ’02 Gretchen Nareff (WFB) is a graduate research assistant at the University of Georgia’s Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources. She is comparing paired natural tidal marshes and managed tidal impoundments in coastal South Carolina, with an emphasis on seasonal use and behavior of avian species. She will produce a predictive model for landowners and natural resource managers. ’03 Brian Schneider (FOR) is a forester for the state of VA. ’04 Cassie Martin (WFB) is working on her masters in marine biology at the University of North Carolina-Wilmington. She would like to say thanks to all the Rubenstein professors! 11 teaches statistics and agricultural economics at Indian River Community College and the University of Florida. Recalling how much he enjoyed teaching Dendro at UVM, he made his way back to teaching. “Maybe I can get a student or two interested the way Don got me enthused about genetics and statistics,” laughed Chip. “We used to discuss his ideas for an integrated school curriculum back in the 1980s, and I’ve enjoyed seeing the School progress as a leader in natural resource education under Don’s guidance.” —Shari Halik 2005-2006 masters theses and projects and doctoral dissertations Masters theses and projects: Adams, Zakery. Thesis: Understanding Biothermal Energy. Advisor: John Todd Cappelletti, Carl K. Thesis: Photosynthesis and Respiration in an Arctic Tundra River: Modification and Application of the WholeStream Metabolism Method and the Influence of Physical, Biological and Chemical Variables. Advisor: Breck Bowden Clark, Jeremy M. Thesis: Conservation Reserve Design Using Ecological Land Units and Predicted Habitats of Forest Birds in the Northern Forest of New England. Advisor: Dave Capen Crehan, Ryan. Thesis: Performance Analysis of a Duckweed Pool and Sub-surface Flow Constructed Wetland to Treat Effluent from a Dairy Manure Anaerobic Digester. Advisor: John Todd Continued on page 12 Nonprofit Org. U.S. Postage PAID Permit No.143 Burlington, VT The Rubenstein School George D. Aiken Center 81 Carrigan Drive Burlington, VT 05405-0088 Printed on recycled paper Theses, projects, and dissertations continued D’Agostino, John R. Thesis: The Functional Validation of Floodplain Valuation in Coastal New Jersey. Advisor: Austin Troy Davis, Keri K. Thesis: Evaluating Economic Renewal and Environmental Performance Opportunities for Vermont’s Wood Products Industry. Advisor: Jon Erickson DeLano, Stephanie. Thesis: Information Hubs and Communication Barriers in Acid Rain Policy: Moving Information across Institutional and Disciplinary Boundaries. Advisor: Clare Ginger Detwiller, Christopher R. Project: Integrated Natural Resource Management Defining the Framework and Evaluating the U.S. Army’s Approach. Advisors: Deane Wang and Jeff Hughes Errecart, Jacqueline. Thesis: Science in Acid Rain Decision-Making: A Vermont Case Study. Advisor: Clare Ginger Geczi, Emilian. Thesis: From Timber to Tourism: Discourses of Place in Two Vermont Towns. Advisor: Patricia Stokowski Kreider, Meghan A. Thesis: Toxic Cyanobacteria: Conditions Favoring Their Abundance in Lake Champlain and Potential Impacts on Larval Zebra Mussel Survival. Advisor: Mary Watzin Lishawa, Shane C. Thesis: Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Risk Assessment in Deer Wintering Areas of Southern Vermont. Advisor: Dale Bergdahl Lovitz, Sara Beth. Thesis: Scales of Responsible Gold Mining: Overcoming Barriers to Cleaner Artisanal Mining in Southern Ecuador. Advisor: Saleem Ali Manaras, Katherine W. Thesis: Forest Structure at Multiple Scales: Structural Classification and Predicting Species Occurrence in Northern Hardwood-Conifer Forests. Advisor: Bill Keeton McCutcheon, Kelly L. Thesis: Large Wood Debris (LWD) Distribution and the Formation of Habitat Patches in Vermont Streams. Advisor: Mary Watzin Hanna, Bethany C. Project: The Role of Town Forests in Promoting Community Engagement and Fostering Sense of Place. Advisor: Cecilia Danks McKenny, Heather C. Thesis: The Effects of Structural Complexity Enhancement on Eastern Red-Backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus) Abundance in Northern Hardwood Forests. Advisor: Bill Keeton Hey, Mischa J. Thesis: A Spatially Hierarchical Approach to Systematic Reserve Design in the Northern Forest of New England. Advisor: Dave Capen Mohr, Jesse. Project: Ecological Inventory and Integrated Forest Planning for the Roger’s Tract, University of Vermont’s Jericho Research Forest. Advisor: Deane Wang Hood, Abigail E. Project: In Search of a Sustainable, Nature-based Agriculture: Identifying Problems, Defining Goals, Envisioning Solutions, and Measuring Success. Advisor: Deane Wang Schmalz, Timothy F. Thesis: A Statistical Assessment of the Impact of Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum on Butternut Health. Advisor: Dale Bergdahl Huggett, Brett A. Thesis: Long-term Calcium Addition Increases Crown Health, Growth, and Wound Closure among Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) Trees. Advisor: Paul Schaberg Smith, Stephen J. Thesis: Fecundity of Lake Champlain Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and Factors Affecting Egg Survival in and out of Nests in Lake Champlain Streams. Advisor: Ellen Marsden Stritzel Thomson, Jennifer L. Thesis: Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax) in Lake 12 Champlain: The Role of the Stinky Biter on Zooplankton Populations and How LargeSized Prey Affects Growth Rates. Advisor: Donna Parrish Vistein, Geri T. Thesis: The Controversy over Hunting at Cape Cod National Seashore: Intergroup Conflict and the Potential for Consensus. Advisors: Walt Kuentzel and Patricia Stokowski Watrous, Kristen S. Thesis: Predicting Minimum Habitat Characteristics of the Indiana Bat (Myotis sodalis) in the Champlain Valley of Vermont and New York. Advisor: Terri Donovan Wells, Daniel B. Project: Rewilding Vermont: Tree Demography through the Ages with Reference to Presettlement Conditions. Advisor: Jeff Hughes Doctoral dissertations: Fisher, Brendan P. Distribution and Development: Analysis of Global Poverty, Policy and Sustainability. Advisor: Bob Costanza Hermans, Caroline. Methods in Collaborative Environmental Decision-Making: Managing Group Deliberative Processes in Watershed Communities. Advisor: Jon Erickson Long, Robert A. Developing Predictive Occurrence Models for Carnivores in Vermont Using Data Collected with Multiple Noninvasive Methods. Advisor: Terri Donovan Mulder, Kenneth P. Stoichiometry and the Efficiency of Resource Utilization in Ecological and Economic Systems. Advisor: Roel Boumans Watts, Richard A. Planning for Power: Citizen Participation in the Siting of a High-Voltage Transmission Line in Vermont. Advisor: Stephanie Kaza For more information about these theses, projects, and dissertations, contact Deane Wang at 802-656-2694 or deane.wang@uvm. edu.