Welcome to Mongolia Page 1 Bjoern Wahlstedt

Implemented by
Welcome to Mongolia
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Page 1
Implemented by
with winter temperatures of
sometime 70 degrees colder than
here in Chiang Mai today
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Page 2
Implemented by
Energy Efficiency Project (ENEV)
Phase III
A cooperation between
•
Ministry of Energy
•
Cabinet Secretariat
•
SDC
•
GIZ (BMZ)
A general project presentation
of the activities
in the three components for
2014 – 2016
Utilizing Energy Efficiency to demonstrate,
develop, and improve Good Governance
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
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Implemented by
Mongolian Partner:
Cabinet Secretariat
Mongolian Partner:
Cabinet Secretariat
Outcome 1: Compliance
with Budget and
Procurement Laws relating
to capital investments at
local level has improved
Outcome 2: Improved
Energy Efficiency of
public buildings in
Khovd and Zavkhan
aimags demonstrated
Outcome 3: Public
institutions companies and
households have
intensified efforts and
increased investments in
the area of energy
efficiency and energy
Mongolian Partner:
conservation
Ministry of Energy
Shared by:
– BMZ (GIZ)
Other Partners:
Energy Regulatory Commission
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Budget: EUR 7,700,000
– SDC
Bjoern Wahlstedt
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What we are currently doing
and what will be the results
when this project phase is finished?
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
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Implemented by
Improved Energy Efficiency of public buildings
•
Improved qualifications of the private sector on the local levels for the
implementation of energy efficiency projects
•
Available evidence of the benefits from thermo-insulation of
public buildings area
•
Created a conducive environment for the rational and structured
operation, maintenance and rehabilitation of public buildings
•
Reached an agreement between the users of public building and heat
suppliers on energy efficiency and energy savings based on a fact
based dialogue
•
Strengthened ability of the local government to develop action plans,
standards and protocols, and capability to enforce them
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Implemented by
What do you think is the main reason for
the public buildings being cold?
Heat loss
16%
Insufficient heating
24%
4%
17%
Expensive coal and
insufficient supply
Building quality
38%
1%
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Extreme cold
temperatures
Aged building
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Result from survey
What do you think is the main reason for
the public buildings being cold?
Heat loss
16%
Insufficient heating
24%
4%
17%
Expensive coal and
insufficient supply
Building quality
38%
1%
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Extreme cold
temperatures
Aged building
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Some pictures from the practical
renovation work of
Kindergarten #5
in Khovd
during summer of 2014
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Implemented by
Kindergarten in Khovd:
Picture from thermal (IR) camera
before renovation.
Picture from the renovation and
insulation of the Kindergarten.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The kindergarten before
the refurbishment.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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This is not a very inviting
environment for a 4-year
old girl. Urinary infections
are probably rather
common.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The renovation included:
• Ceilings and roofs
• Walls
• Windows
• Doors
• Floors
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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There was a very
clear division
between female
and male tasks.
58 windows were
changed to 2-glass
vacuum type.
Most of the
materials were
produced locally.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The task to instruct
how to get a right angle
could be a challenge.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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And how to use a label
also needed thorough
and hands-on
instructions.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The principle for the
wall insulation
method.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Cooperation with the
TVET project provided
training of the staff of
the construction
companies involved.
The “students” got a
certificate for their
participation in the training
and practical work.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Workers’ safety...
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The radiators were
more or less completely
clogged.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Monitoring of
• indoor temperature
• outdoor temperature
• incoming heating water
• outgoing heating water
• total energy amount
provide valuable facts for
evaluation.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
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Outdoor signboards
have increased the
interests in Energy
Efficiency and what the
project is doing.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Showing that the indoor
temperatures are still high during
very cold periods are hard facts to
prove that insulation is efficient.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Implemented by
Energy Efficiency Certificate
for the Kindergarten in Khovd
to be renovated (draft).
The target was to improve the
standard (energy consumption
/ m2 and year) from E to B.
Around 50% reduction of
energy consumption is
reached.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Implemented by
Some examples of temperature
measurements
from insulated and not insulated
kindergartens in
Khovd and Zavkhan.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The respective kindergartens №5 in Khovd and
Zavkhan are the same type of building
Khovd №5
Khovd №7
Zavkhan №5
Zavkhan №7
1975
1989
1976
1985
2
2
2
1
800 m2
680 m2
800 m2
593 m2
Heated building
volume
2 398 m3
2 340 m3
2 398 m3
2 745 m3
Children
planned/current
125/180
90/228
125/250
90/130
Renovation
Yes
No
Yes
No
Connected to
heat supply
grid
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Construction
year
Floors
Heated floor
space
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Khovd: Kindergarten #5.
Insulated.
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
Indoor temperatures
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd: Kindergarten #5.
Insulated.
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
Outdoor temperatures
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd: Kindergarten #5.
Insulated.
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
Incoming heating water temperatures
10.00
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Khovd: Kindergarten #5.
Insulated.
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
Outgoing heating water temperatures
10.00
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Khovd: Kindergarten #5.
Insulated.
70.00
60.00
50.00
Large jumps in indoor temperatures due
to warmer outdoors, same heat supply,
holidays, manual (lack of) regulations, etc
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
Indoor temperatures 20 – 23
degrees regardless of outdoor
temperatures.
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd: Kindergarten #7.
NOT insulated.
90.00
80.00
Cold indoor temperatures.
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
The indoor temperature
goes down to 8 degrees!
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd Kindergarten #5
Insulated
Temp indoors
26.00
25.00
24.00
23.00
22.00
21.00
20.00
19.00
18.00
Why are five days in a row warmer than the two
remaining?
Why are there two peaks during some days?
17.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Khovd Kindergarten #5
Insulated
Temp indoors
26.00
25.00
24.00
23.00
22.00
21.00
20.00
19.00
18.00
17.00
In a well insulated building even small additions of heat will have an
impact – in this case the “heat supply” from 200 children and staff is
producing 15 – 20 kW.
The Monday – Friday patterns are very different from the weekend
patterns.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Khovd Kindergarten #5
Insulated
Temp indoors
26.00
25.00
24.00
23.00
22.00
21.00
20.00
19.00
18.00
17.00
The breakfasts and lunches are prepared in the kitchen
and eaten in the rooms which adds additional heat to the rooms
during two significant periods every day.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Implemented by
What are the Energy Efficiency results so far?
•
Manual regulation of the radiators do not make use of the full saving
potential. Thermostats need to be installed in the radiators.
Practically, the indoor temperatures are regulated by opening the
windows.
•
A system for regulating the incoming water temperature (energy) is
needed. Probably this system needs to be automatic.
•
Monitoring locations and techniques must be chosen to avoid being
influenced by non-relevant parameters.
•
The special applications to estimate the energy consumption needed
before and after renovation indicates energy
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
savings of 50%!
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ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Technical support through
equipment
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The thermographic measurement
camera provides images to assess
and monitor the energy leakages
in buildings.
The more yellow
the more
leakages and
money losses.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Environmental
air pollution
aspects
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Ineffective heating systems
also cause heavy air
pollution problems through
the large amount of smoke
from chimneys.
Pictures from Khovd in
January 2015.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The meteorological conditions during winter cause so called
“inversions”. That means that a “lid” is established in the
atmosphere at an altitude of 100 – 300 meters which effectively
blocks the air pollution from dispersing.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The smoke from the high chimney to the right is seen moving in
the weak wind to the left – but under the inversion layer.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The smoke from the large amounts of low chimneys add to the
air pollution levels. All smoke accumulates under the inversion.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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From a distance it is easy to see and imagine the unhealthy
pollution levels. A qualified estimate without instruments places
the level of particular matters (PM10) at 1,000 µg/m3 or more.
The World Health Organization (WHO) limit is 40 µg/m3.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Matching funds
arrangements
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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In addition to the two already refurbished
kindergartens in Khovd and Zavkhan, the
project will renovate and insulate
* a dormitory in Tes,
* a school in Zavkhanmandal,
* a clinic in Erdenekhairkhan soum,
* a health center in Duut soum, and
* school # 2 in Jargalant soum,
under the Matching Fund arrangement
during 2015.
The choice of buildings has been made
based on a number of criteria.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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The initial arrangements include a 50 - 50
sharing between SDC/BMZ and the
Mongolian side.
Due to the troublesome financial situation for
the Mongolian Government, the Local
Development Funds (LDF) have been cut by
37% ─ and more reductions could come.
After discussions and adjustments, the
average proportion is around 60 – 40.
The aimags have allocated a proportionally
larger part of the reduced LDFs to the
Matching Funds than to other projects.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Tes:
Wooden dormitory
1,009 m2
100 children
Estimated cost:
606,000,000 MNT
288,000 EUR
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Monitoring of
temperatures
and
fuel consumption
is crucial for the
follow-up and
conclusions of
impact.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Zavkhan: Tes soum. School.
NOT insulated.
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
-40.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Implemented by
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Implemented by
Erdenekhairkhan:
Concrete health
center
550 m2
15 beds
Estimated cost:
222,000,000 MNT
106,000 EUR
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Hazardous medical
waste destruction
centre
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Zavkhan: Erdenekhairkhan soum. Health
center. NOT insulated.
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Implemented by
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Zavkhanmandal:
Wooden school
585 m2
160 children
Estimated cost:
257,000,000 MNT
122,000 EUR
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Jargalant:
Concrete school No2
4,577 m2
920 children
Estimated cost:
770,000,000 MNT
366,000 EUR
(without floor insulation)
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Khovd Jargalant: School
Nr 2.
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd Jargalant: School Nr 2.
Room 312.
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
-5.00
-10.00
-15.00
-20.00
-25.00
-30.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Implemented by
In the following graphs, please note the difference how
the incoming water temperatures vary with the
performance of the stoker.
The outgoing water temperatures vary with the
incoming temperatures ─ of course,
but also with the effectiveness of the heating system
(pipe lengths, flow rates, etc)
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Zavkhan: Tes soum. School.
NOT insulated.
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
-20.00
The stoker performs rather well, but the
quality of the heating system is very poor with
low temperatures.
-40.00
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Zavkhanmandal: School for 160 children.
NOT insulated.
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
The stoker has a clear diurnal working schedule.
With better performance the building would have been
reasonably warm but the quality of the building is low.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd: Duut soum. Health center.
NOT insulated.
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
The stoker wakes up rater late every morning.
The building’s capacity to “store” heat is very low.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
Khovd Jargalant: School Nr 2.
NOT insulated.
Temp indoors
Temp outdoors
Water in
Water out
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
-10.00
-20.00
-30.00
The district heating system provides a rather steady supply.
The usage of the heat is rather good, but the quality of the building
is very poor.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
Implemented by
Budget and tariff issues
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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You and we are spending large budgets on renovations
but...
• the heat tariffs are flat (per area or volume)!!!
•
reduced heat demands might encourage the heat supplier to reduce
the amount of heat – but still receive the same payment
•
reduced heat costs might reduce the public building budget for next
year
• Where is the incentive?
• Who benefits?
•
Good Governance will provide better Energy Efficiency
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Basic economic estimates based on standardized
figures
•
Costs for refurbishment of a kindergarten: 250,000,000 (€ 120,000)
•
The Government calculates 0% for ”internal” loans for
investments
Depreciation time: 20 years
Capital costs per year: 12,500,000
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Basic economic estimates based on standardized
figures (Kindergarten #5 in Khovd for 2012)
350,000,000
[SERIES NAME]
300 M
300,000,000
250,000,000
200,000,000
Salaries
150,000,000
100,000,000
[SERIES NAME] 60
M = 20%
Misc
50,000,000
Electricity
Water
Maintenance
0
Total budget
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Basic economic estimates based on standardized
figures
The conclusion is easy:
It pays to renovate a public building
Assumed heat savings are 50% = 30,000,000 (€ 14,000)
Compared to the capital costs for refurbishing = 12,500,000
(€ 5,800)
BUT
The tariffs are flat so what is the purpose…???
The pay-back calculations for the costs for renovation are
heavily dependent on the financing arrangements and the
tariff structure
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Balancing various costs (easy to estimate)
vs other benefits (difficult to estimate)
-
Capital costs
-
Heating costs
+ Healthier children with higher quality of life
+ Less sickness (medication, hospital) costs
+ Less need for parents to stay at home nursing their sick children
+ Improved learning conditions will increase the assumed productivity
long term
+ Improved environmental conditions through less coal burning
?
What is worth doing?
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Conclusions
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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A well functioning
heating system in a well
insulated school,
kindergarten, health
centre, etc...
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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... will make children
and adults happy and
healthy, and eager to
learn for life…
… and money will
be saved,
but the tariffs must
be realistic!
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
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Thank you
and we look forward to informing
you again about our project during
the next NEXUS meeting.
ENEV III Project. Version: NEXUS 18 June 2015.
Bjoern Wahlstedt
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achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for
sustainable development.
Published by
Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Responsible
Björn Wahlstedt
Author(s)
Björn Wahlstedt
Photo credits
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Bjoern Wahlstedt
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