ICT Initiatives and Disaster Management in Myanmar

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Ministry of Communications and Information Technology
ICT Initiatives and Disaster Management
in Myanmar
Nwe Ni Soe Yin
Deputy Chief Engineer
MCIT, Myanmar.
14-15 May 2015
1
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Contents
1. A Glance into Myanmar
2. Current Status of ICT Infrastructure
3. National ICT Policies
4. Disaster Management Activities
2
A Glance into Myanmar
Geography
• largest on the mainland in South-East Asia
• total land area: 676,577 square kilometer
Nay Pyi Taw,
the new capital
• International borders:5,858 Kilometer
(Bangladesh, India, China, Thailand and Laos)
• total coastal line length:2,832 kilometer.
3
A Glance into Myanmar
Topography
• 50% of mountains and forests ( mostly in northern and eastern)
• plains region ( middle )
• delta and valley regions ( southern )
4
General Information
• Population:
51 million
• Ethnic groups
135
• States & Divisions:
14
• Capital:
Nay Pyi Taw
• Urban, rural ratio:
30:70
• Economy:
Agriculture based
• Languages :
Myanmar
• Currency:
Kyats
• Climate :
tropical (monsoon, cool, hot)
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ICT Infrastructure
 Tele-Density
~ 45 % (mobile 44% , fixed 1%)
 National Transmission:
Fiber Link (4400km)
Digital Microwave Link (349 Stations)
 Overseas Communications:
Cross Border Link ( India , china ,Thailand
and Lao)
Satellite Communication,
Sea-Me-We(3) Submarine Cable
 Last Mile Link:
Dedicated Link, Wireless Broad Band Access,
MPT Satellite Terminal
6
Mobile phone area
coverage map
7
National Transmission
to China
to India
to Bangladesh
to Lao/ Vietnam
Backbone Network
Fiber link (4400km)
Microwave Stations
to Thailand
to Thailand
SEA.ME.WE 3
8
Internet Service
Global Internet
Mandalay
Nay Pyi Taw
Cross border Fiber Link
Yangon
Sea-Me-We 3 Submarine Cable
PoP
ISP
Internet subscriber
~ 17.7 Millions
Internet Backbone Capacity ~ 42.32 GB
9
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Current Status & Issues of e-Government
• Government encouragement
• Initiatives for Informatization
• Strong leadership from government
• Leap- frog opportunities
• Inadequate IT Infrastructure and Internet Access
• Rare Online Public Services
• Lack of supporting program for Informatization
• Absence of System Integration
• Lack of end user Utilization and Awareness
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 Myanmar ICT Policies
1. Myanmar ICT Development Master Plan (2005)
2. 2nd Myanmar ICT Development Master Plan (2011)
( ICT Infrastructure , ICT industry, ICT HRD, e-Government, e-Commerce,
e-Education, ICT Legal Framework, ICT Standardization and Liberalization )
3. E-Government Master Plan (2015)
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Directive on ICT Development and Utilization
• To widely and effectively use of ICT in every sectors as an essential
factor for socio- economic development.
• To develop the national telecommunication network for high speed
communication, good quality and cost effective, and increase access
to internet country wide.
• To promote competition in ICT networks and services, broaden and
enhance international cooperation.
• To create favorable conditions for the development and use of ICT
through the national telecommunication network infrastructure.
• To develop human resource in the field of ICT as key factor for the
successful implementation of ICT`
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Disaster Management Activities
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Hazards Profile of Myanmar
(Fire)
73%
(Storm)
12%
(Flood)
11 %
(Earthquake)
(Tsunami)
4%
(Landslide)
(Drought)
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Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar
Fire
All Round the country
Flood Annual flood occur in
Kayin ,
and
Bago , Mandalay,
Ayaeyarwaddy
Region.
(Especially
townships
and
villages
which are situated
along the
rivers
Ayaryarwaddy,
Thanlwin,
banks
of
Sittaung,
Madauk and Shwe
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Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar
Cyclone, Tsunami : Costal areas
-Thanintharyi region,
- Mon State,
- Rakhine State,
- Yangon Region
- AyeyarWaddy Region
Rakhine
Yangon
AyeyarWaddy
Mon
Thanintharyi
16
Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar
Earthquake: around the country
- Nay Pyi Taw,
- Bago,
- Sagaing and
- Mandalay Regions
- Shan State are prone areas.
17
Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar
Drought: Central Myanmar
- Sagaing
- Magwe and
- Mandalay regions
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Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar
Landslide Hilly Region
- Kachin,
- Chin,
- Shan and
- Rakhine States and
- Thanintharyi Region
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Major hazards in Myanmar
No.
Date
Hazard
Estimate Lost
(Kyats)
1
26-12-2004
Tsunami
(1585.56) Million
2
2/3-5-2008
Cyclone Nargis
(11.7)Trillion
3
22-10-2010
Cyclone Giri
(0.024)Trillion
4
24-3-2011
Tarlay Earthquake
(3031.30)Million
5
19/20-10-2011
Magwe Flash Flood
(15465.25)Million
6
11-11-2012
Tapaikkyin Earthquake
(8140.12)Million
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Institutional Arrangement for Disaster Management
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National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee(NDPCC)
And
National Disaster Preparedness Management working Committee
Objective :
• to take the systematic preparedness measures for the disasters
which can occur from time to time in the country
• to undertake the quick and effective activities on relief and
support during the disaster.
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National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee (2013)
Chairman : Vice President
National Disaster Preparedness Management working Committee
Chairman : Minister, MOSWRR
Chairman
Sub-Committee
1
Information
Dy Minister, Information
2
Emergency Communication
Dy Minister, Communication and Technology
3
Search & Rescue
Dy Minister, Home Affairs
4
Initial assessment &Emergency Supply
Dy Minister, Commerce
5
Damage and loss confirmation
Dy Minister, National Planning and Economic Development
6
Transport and Route Clearance
Dy Minister, Rail Transport
7
Mitigation & Establishing of Emergency Shelter
Dy Minister, MOSWRR
8
Health care
Dy Minister, Health
9
Rehabilitation & Reconstruction
Dy Minister, Border Affairs
10 International Relations
Dy Minister, Foreign Affairs
11 Security
Dy Minister, Home Affairs
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Coordination, Cooperation and Communication System For DRM
National Disaster Preparedness Central
Committee
International
Organization
Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and
Resettlement
Ministries
State/Regional
Government
UN/INGOs
Intelligentsia
ACDM
Relief and Resettlement Department
Private Organization
AHA Centre
Concerned
Department
LNGOs
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National Disaster Management
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1. National Disaster Management Law
• to support the implementation of disaster management interventions
• to serve as a legal instrument in support of taking necessary actions
• to make strategic decision in order to reduce the negative effects of
natural disasters,
“ The National Disaster Management Law “ was promulgated on 31
June,2013 .
• The process will undertake to issue the regulations, to cover all
aspects of disaster management from preparedness to mitigation to
response to resilient.
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2. Emergency Operation Center(EOC-RRD)
In case of Emergency Situation,
•
to provide the comprehensive solution to the decision makers by
collecting necessary data and information for effective response.
•
To supports for emergency management, response and logistic
through information sharing on network and quick decision
making.
In normal time,
•
EOC runs for disaster preparedness, information management
and coordination for disaster risk reduction.
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3. Establishment of Disaster Management Training Center
Disaster Management Training Center is under the
deployment and appropriate to open within 2015, aims to conduct
processes, learning kits and trainings for developing relief and
emergency response plans.
A program will be developed to lay down capacity building activities
that will include conducting trainings, study visits to neighboring
countries and their involvement as resource persons in disaster
management trainings
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4. Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction [MAPDRR]
Goals:
‘To make Myanmar Safer and more Resilient
against Natural Hazards, thus Protecting Lives,
Livelihood and Developmental Gains’
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4. Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction [MAPDRR]
Objectives:
1. To build a more resilient and safer community through conceptualization,
development and implementation of appropriate disaster risk reduction
programs and culture of safety;
2. To provide a framework for implementing Myanmar’s DRR commitments
at the global and regional levels, under HFA and AADMER;
3. To provide a mechanism where the disaster risk reduction initiatives of all
Government Ministries and Departments, supported by UN organizations
and other stakeholders, can be coordinated and monitored;
4. To provide a conducive environment for mainstreaming DRR into
development plans, and programs at the National, State, Division,
Township, and Village Tract levels;
5. To support mutually beneficial partnerships between the Myanmar
Government and their development cooperation partners in DRR
programs.
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4. Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction [MAPDRR]
Overview of Components:
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Way Forward
To widely and effectively use of ICT in National Disaster Resilient as an
essential factor to build “save and resilient nation through preventive
measures to save the lives and properties” .
However, ICT and e-Government in Myanmar are several steps behind
most developed countries, and also lagging behind neighbouring South-East
Asia countries.
In order to accomplish effective transition to reach desire level of eGovernment, It is crucial to simplify delivery of electronic services to citizens.
It is also important to implement the MAPDRR in comprehensive and
systematic manner by all stakeholders under the leadership of the
Government of Myanmar “To make Myanmar Safer and more Resilient
against Natural Hazards ”
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Thank you !
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