Water Reuse Policy in Korea and Technical Cases Keimyung University Prof. Sangwon Park

Water Reuse Policy in Korea
and Technical Cases
28, Sept. 2010
Keimyung University
Prof. Sangwon Park
Contents
Water Reuse Policy
in Korea
Page 3
The Current State of Wastewater Reuse

Necessity of Water Reuse
 Korea is highly vulnerable to utilize
water in the drought due to low intake
 Anticipative action on drought by
reducing intake rate in a source of
rate(36%) of river.
water. (Need reuse activity urgently)
Water stress according to intake rate
Vapor
(UN Economic and Social Council 1997)
Intake rate
Water
stress
Country
Less than
10%
Low
Russia, New Zealand,
Canada
10-20%
Middle
China, Japan, USA,
England, France
20-40%
Middle~
High
Korea, India, Italy,
South Africa
rain
Use
rain
High
Iraq, Egypt
Water
supply
sewage
Gray
water
river
sea
reuse
sewage
 Water supply system of low energy
consumption  Green growth

Over 40%
surface
Reuse system (On-Site Water Supply)
The Current State of Wastewater Reuse
Necessity of Water Reuse

“the Law on water reuse promotion and support” establish
‘10.6.8 Law Document NO. 10359’
 Expect Institutional support for reusing stormwater, sewage/wastewater
discharge (Industry/Living/Agricultural water)
 Possible to introduce on-site Low Energy Reuse System by reducing reliance of
limited water resource

Urgently need discharge water reuse as increasing water demands while water
resources are limited

Need to establish and stabilize water supply system for improving productivity
& competitiveness since it is possible to secure reuse water stably due to
progress of water industry technology
sewage reuse  treated sewage, wastewater reuse
The Current State of Wastewater Reuse

Necessity of Water Reuse
“the Law on water reuse promotion and support” establish
‘10.6.8 Law Document NO. 10359’

Expansion of installing Wastewater Reclamation and Reusing System (Chapter 3
Article No. 9)
-People who want to build or remodel structures should install and operate Wastewater
Reclamation and Reusing System which could reuse more than 10% of used water according to
Ministry of Environment law. But, people who gets treated sewage, treated wastewater, retreated water more than 10% of total water use are exception.
☞ Act No. 2 「the Law of Industry integration vitalization & establish plant」
Structures follow the Article No. 2, Act No. 1 and discharge over 15000m3/day
 Financial Support (Chapter 3 No.23)
- National and local government take an action to loan the whole or part of the installation costs
to people who are going to establish water reuse treatment facility for sewage and wastewater.
- Local government can discount the water bill or sewer fee for people who use treated water
from sewage and wastewater.
The Current State of Wastewater Reuse

Classification of Reuse Processes on Different Uses (Treatment Ex.)
Classification
General
Reuse Water
Physical
Contact
&
Direct influence
Reuse Water
Detailed Groups
Cleaning Water
․Sand Filter
Water for Landscaping
․Sand Filter
Hydrophile Water
․Sand Filter + Activated Carbon
Water for River Maintaining
․Sand Filter or MF
Water for Irrigation
․Sand Filter or MF
Cleaning Water which could involve
Physical Contact
Direct Influence Water
․MF + R/O
․Install Immersion membrane in the Organism
Reaction Tank + R/O
․MF + R/O or more
Wetlands Water
․Sand Filter + Activated Carbon or MF + R/O
․Install Immersion membrane in the Organism
Reaction Tank +R/O
Recharing the Groundwater
․Sand Filter + Activated Carbon or MF + R/O
․Install Immersion membrane in the Organism
Reaction Tank +R/O
Supplying Drinking Water
․MF + R/O
․Install Immersion membrane in the Organism
Reaction Tank +R/O
HighEnvironmental
Treatment Methods (Examples)
Purpose Water
Industrial Water
Source:
가이드북 2009
․Can combine
all of하수재이용
6 methods
Large Scale
of Wastewater Reuse Facilities
in the Current State
Page 8
The Current State of Wastewater Reuse

NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The Domestic Current State of Discharge Sewage Reuse
Region
Use
Treatment
Facility
(1000 ton/day)
Songdo, Incheon
Bucheon,
Kyunggi
Osan,
Kyunggi
Gongju,
Chungnam
Cheonan,
Chungnam
Yeosu,
Jeonnam
Gangjin,
Jeonnam
Reuse
Amount
(1000
Ton/day)
Treatment Method
Note
Installing
Multipurpose
30
30
Acid Filtration +Activated
Carbon + Chlorine
Disinfection
Multipurpose
95
45
SBF
Industrial Use
57
12
Filtration +RO
Installing
River Maintain
35
10
Acid Filtration + UV
Installing
River Maintain
120
30
No Facility for Re-Treatment
River Maintain
110
43.2
No Facility for Re-Treatment
Agricultural Use
8
6
Installing
하수재이용 가이드북 2009
No Facility Source:
for Re-Treatment
The Current State of Wastewater Reuse
The Domestic Current State of Discharge Wastewater Reuse

Plant Capacity
NO
Company
Main Process
1
SAMSUNG Corning
M/F + R/O
4,000
2
POSCO
CMF + Ozone + R/O
1,500
3
LG Chemical
CMF + R/O + EVA
1,500
No
discharge
4
Hansol Paper
N/F + R/O + EVA
10,000
No
discharge
5
HYUNDAI
R/O + EVA + Dryer
5,000
No
discharge
6
LG Petrochemical
EDR
10,000
• R/O : Reverse Osmosis,
N/F : Nano Filtration
• EVA : Evaporation
CMF : Continuous Micro Filter
• EDR : Electro Dialysis Reversal
(ton/day)
Note
System Configuration
on Seawage & Wastewater Reuse Process
Optional Step :
Chemical
Cohesion + MF
General
Steps
Examples of Plants Installation
Wastewater Reuse System
for General Plants
– ‘HONG-DUK Inc.’ Case
Page 13
The Current State of Treated Water Reuse
in ‘HONG-DUK
Inc.’
 Information of Wastewater Treatment Plant
Classification
1
Company
2
Address
3
Type of Business
4
Assortment
5
Waters
6
Amount of
Wastewater Produced
7
Treatment Method
Project Title
HONG-DUK Inc.
1st Plant 1845 Jangheung-Dong, Nam-Gu, Pohang-Si,
Kyungbook, Korea
The Manufacturing industry of Steel Ship(Vessel)
2 type place of business
“NA region ”
1,341.83㎥/day
Inflow Treatment of Joint-Prevention Facilities
(Physical - Chemical)
The Current State of Treated Water Reuse
in ‘HONG-DUK
Inc.’
 Wastewater Treatment & Reuse Method
 Water Quality Data of HONG-DUK Inc.
CODMn
SS
T-N
T-P
Raw Wastewater (mg/L)
31
76
55.60
7.70
Membrane Intake Water (mg/L)
2.8
1.0
8.51
0.031
Membrane Treated water (Reuse)
0.8
0.8
0.493
0.012
Raw water
Standard of
Raw water
Wastewater
Test article
Raw water
(Below)
Result(mg/L)
31.10
130
4.20
76.00
120
Nitrogen
55.60
Phosphorus
Effluent
Wastewater
Test article
Result(mg/L)
Standard of
Result(mg/L)
(Below)
Result(mg/L)
Sr
0.35
-
0.62
4.70
Free CO2
0.00
-
5.52
60
11.10
HCO3-
0.00
-
11.00
7.70
8
0.00
1930.00
-
2950.00
0.00
30
0.00
Ba
0.26
-
0.03
Pb
4.49
0.5
0.00
Ca
318.00
-
752.00
Mn
1.49
10
0.96
Mg
17.00
-
35.60
F-
0.00
15
0.15
K
3.78
-
4.86
TOC
4.19
-
2.36
B
8.28
-
4.69
SO4 2-
428.00
-
291.00
Hardness
864.00
-
2020.00
CODmn
Sustpended
Solids
Normal-hexane
extract
Total Residue on
Evaporation
Highly Condensed Water
Reuse
- ‘Kim-Chi Salting Plant’ Case
Page 17
 Problems of Producing Salting Water
1. High-concentrated salt water produced
→ 10 ~ 13% of high concentrated salt water produced→ Very hard to treat
(Dispose whole amount of salt water once in 2 days in Summer time, once in 4
days in Winter time)
→ Most of Kim-chi plants are located in the uncontaminated area, which has strong
standards, so it's very hard to meet the discharge standard (soil and water
pollution could be occurred)
→ Therefore, the water consumption of groundwater is increased to treat the high
salt condensed water.
2. Increasing the salt cost used in salting process
→ Salting process is the most important part of making Kim-chi because it
determines the taste of Kim-chi
→ Increasing cost for salt used in making the salt water (30 ton/day, the salt cost
when using the salt water is ₩ 22 million/month)
→ Due to the increase of making cost, companies lost their competitiveness(cost of
domestic Kim-chi companies is 2 times higher than that of Chinese companies).
3. Sanitation problem of salt water
→ Causes for color, bacteria and odor from using salt water
→ For the companies of HACCP, there could be some problems on their images.
Nano Segregation System Technology
for Salt Water

Mechanism for Salt Collection
Segregate
contaminants
Condensed
Water
Collect Pure
Salt Water
10%
90%
MEMBRANE
Salt Water
Treated Water
Salt
Water
Alien Substance
Nano Segregation System Technology
for Salt Water

Diagram of Salt Water Nano Segregation Membrane System
Nano Segregation System Technology
for Salt Water

Salt Water Nano Segregation Membrane Pilot System
Salt Water Treated Water
Salt Water Treated Water
Salt Water Treated Water
Nano Segregation System Technology
for Salt Water

A Company’s Microorganism Analysis Result
on Salt Water/Treated Water
Bacillus cereus
E.coli O157
Staphylococcus aureus
Atypical
(Negative)
Atypical
(Negative)
Atypical
(Negative)
Bacillus cereus
E.coli O157
No grow of Colony
(Negative)
No grow of Colony
(Negative)
Cell No.
Salt
Water
Staphylococcus aureus
Dilute 105
8,700,000/mL
Cell No.
Treate
d
Water
No grow of Colony
(Negative)
Undiluted Solution
10 m/L
Analyzed at Keimyung University TMR Center
Nano Segregation System Technology
for Salt Water

Water Quality Analysis Result of Treated Salt Water
Salt Water Treated Water
Salt Water Treated Water
Classification
A Company
B Company
Standard of
Before Treatment After Treatment Before Treatment After Treatment
Drinking Water
Salinity (%)
9.1
8.5
8.4
7.8
-
pH
5.06
5.65
4.74
5.37
5.8 ~ 8.5
21.400
0.226
28.300
0.254
0.5
16
0
16
0
Below 5
Turbidity
(NTU)
Color (PCU)
Analyzed at Keimyung University TMR Center
Nano Segregation System Technology
for Salt Water

Salt Water Nano Segregation Membrane System (30 ton/day)
Thank
you!!!
Page 25