ECLAC LOGISTICS PROFILE: Guatemala INTRODUCTION

ECLAC LOGISTICS PROFILE:
Guatemala
Last Update: 21/12/2015
INTRODUCTION
ECLAC's Logistics Profiles have been developed by the ECLAC Infrastructure Services Unit (ISU) with the aim to provide
in a single concise document an overview of the existing transport services in the countries of the region. Some
information is also offered - on a case-by-case basis - on the existing regulatory and institutional frameworks, as well as
the participation of the countries in the global, regional and bilateral transport agreements.
By gathering the information on all modes of transport, the profiles seek to promote a comprehensive vision of transport
services (all modes of transport and data on both existing infrastructure and its use), in line with the ECLAC’s general
recommendation in favour of integrated and sustainable logistics and mobility policies.
The profiles also intend to respond to the challenge of finding updated data on the existing transport infrastructure in the
region. While some international databases offer basic data on road, rail and other infrastructure, the best – but not
always available or known – sources remain the national statistic and other bulletins published by the transport ministries,
national statistics institutes and other national bodies. The ECLAC profiles are largely based on these national sources,
whose utility should not be underestimated. This, however, also means that the strength of each profile depends on the
information made available by the country. Some international indicators, especially as far as the logistics performance is
concerned, are quoted, but, in doing so, ISU encourages the readers to always bear in mind the exact scope,
methodology and, therefore, the limitations of each indicator.
The latest version of the profiles consists of three main parts:
Transport services by mode of transport
Modal Split, Road Safety and Logistics Performance
Institutional and Regulatory Framework
The general foreign trade background is available in the annex of each profile.
Depending on the availability of the information, the exact structure of each part of the profile will be different. The profiles
are updated continuously both in their content and their format and ISU welcomes and values all comments, questions
and suggestions which can be sent to: [email protected].
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Transport Services by Mode
Maritime Transport
National Port System
The National Port Commission is the institution that is in charge of all the system and port community with the objective to create, facilitate
and optimize the competitiveness and the efficiency of the National port system. The port companies Quetzal and Santo Tomas de
Castilla administrate the ports that have their same name. Since 1990, Port Barrios is operated by the company Bananera Guatemalteca
by a contract given by Ferrocarriles de Guatemala. The Port of Quetzal counts with a recent concession to a private company (TCB), for
the development and operation of a container port.
Source: ISU/ECLAC
Merchant fleet by flag of registration (2014)
Number registered:
Oil Tankers
1
Gross tonnage:
298
Bulk Carriers
General Cargo
Container Ships
Others
5
611
Source: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
National Port Performance
Total cargo movements (all ports) (tons, thous.)
Total container movements (all ports) (TEU, thous.)
20,376
15,867
16,015
2008
2009
17,186
2010
18,301
2011
2012
1,158
2011
2012
1,212
1,263
1,009
906
Source: ISU/ECLAC, Maritime Profile
23/12/2015
18,467
1,176
2013
2008
861
2009
2010
2013
2014
Source: ISU/ECLAC, Maritime Profile
Page 1
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Air Transport
Infrastructure (2012)
International Airports
National Airports
2
18
Public Airports
Private Airports
Total Airports
Source: National Airports Guatemala
Air Transport Performance
Passengers transported by airports (thousands)
National
International
2,360
2,058
2,111
2,071
Cargo transported by airports (thous. tons)
Total
National
2,193
2009
2010
2011
2012
Total
128
2,209
44
2008
International
2013
2008
Source: Aeropuertos La Aurora y Santa Helena, INE
2009
52
47
2010
2011
55
2012
58
2013
Source: Solo aeropuerto La Aurora, DGAC
Air Transport Performance Forecast (thous. tons, thous. passengers)
24,881
24,087
23,312
2,725
2,594
2014
2015
Ca rgo
2,865
2016
Pa s s engers
Source: IATA. Real data for 2011, forecast for 2012-2016
23/12/2015
Page 2
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Road Transport
Infrastructure (2013)
Total (km.)
Main (km.)
Secondary (km.)
Local (km.)
Paved (km.)
% Paved
16,456
3,706
1,808
10,942
7,382
44.86%
Source: INE
Main road network (km.)
2008
2009
2010
3,685
3,685
3,706
2011
2012
2013
Source: INE
Road density: all roads (km./100 km2)
14.51
14.65
14.75
15.05
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: INE. Territory: World Bank
23/12/2015
Road density: all roads (km./1,000 people)
15.20
15.36
2012
2013
1.14
1.12
1.10
1.10
1.08
1.07
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source: INE. Population: CELADE
Page 3
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Road density: main roads (km./100 km2)
3.44
2011
Road density: main roads (km./1,000 people)
3.46
3.44
2012
2013
Source: INE. Territory: World Bank
0.25
0.24
0.24
2011
2012
2013
Source: INE. Population: CELADE
Road fleet (number of vehicles)
2,562,925
1,760,013
2008
2,064,015
1,912,469
2009
2010
2,389,240
2,222,182
2011
2012
2013
Source: SAT
23/12/2015
Page 4
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Cargo fleet (number of vehicles)
373,615
398,288
2010
2011
420,129
2012
442,951
2013
Source: SAT
Motorization (Passenger Cars/1,000 people)
70.58
72.19
73.29
Motorization (Motorbikes/1,000 people)
56.03
74.18
50.26
44.70
40.16
2010
Source: SAT. CELADE
23/12/2015
2011
2012
2013
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source: SAT. CELADE
Page 5
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Transport Infrastructure of Regional dimension
International transport and logistics corridors
Mode of transport
Details
RICAM Pacific corridor
Road
Project Mesoamerica:
http://www.proyectomesoamerica.org
RICAM Atlantic corridor
Road
Project Mesoamerica:
http://www.proyectomesoamerica.org
RICAM Port of Limón / Moín - Port Caldera
Road, Ports
Project Mesoamerica:
http://www.proyectomesoamerica.org
23/12/2015
Page 6
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Modal Split, Road Safety and Logistics Performance
Transport sector in national economy
Transport Sector share in GDP (%)
7.99%
7.52%
2008
2009
7.89%
2010
7.84%
7.73%
7.53%
7.40%
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: Banco Central Guatemala
23/12/2015
Page 7
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Modal Split in Exports
Exports (TON, thous.)
Exports (USD, thous.)
12,000
12,000
10,000
10,000
8,000
8,000
Truck
6,000
Maritime
Truck
6,000
Maritime
Airborne
Airborne
4,000
4,000
2,000
2,000
0
0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source: Dirección de Asesoría y Estudios, 2013; Comisión Portuaria Nacional, Guatemala
23/12/2015
Page 8
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Road Safety Performance
Fatalities / 100,000 habitants
4.41
2012
Source: ISU/ECLAC, based on WHO and National Sources. CELADE
23/12/2015
Page 9
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Logistics Costs and Performance
LPI: Score Card
4
4
3.5
3
3.2 3.2
3
2.8 2.8
2.6
2.8
2
2
2.5
2.8 2.9
3 2.8 2.7
2.6 2.5
3 2.8 2.7
2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
overall LPI score Customs score
score
Infrastructure Logistics quality
International
score
and competence shipments score
score
2010
2012
Tracking and
tracing score
Timeliness
score
2014
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
DOING BUSINESS: Trading across borders
1717
1717
1717
1717
1717
1717
1717
1,435
1,425
1,500
1,302 1,302 1,302
1,3021,307
1,182
1,127
1,177
1,182 1,182
1,052
2008
2009
2010
2011
Time to export (days)
2012
2013
2014
2008
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Cost to export (US$ per container)
Cost to import (US$ per container)
Time to import (days)
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
2009
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
9
8
8
8
7
8
7
8
7
8
7
8
7
116
7
2014
79
112
2013
93
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Documents to export (number)
Documents to i mport (number)
23/12/2015
2014
Trading Across Borders Rank
Ease of Doing Business Rank
Page 10
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
9
8
8
8
7
8
7
8
7
8
7
8
7
116
7
2014
79
112
2013
93
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Documents to export (number)
Documents to i mport (number)
Trading Across Borders Rank
Ease of Doing Business Rank
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
UNCTAD Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (maximum value in 2004 = 100)
20.88
15.44
2008
14.73
2009
20.07
20.28
2012
2013
13.33
2010
2011
Source: ISU/ECLAC, UNCTAD
23/12/2015
Page 11
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Institutional and Regulatory Framework
National Regulatory and Normative Framework
Yes/No
Details
Cabotage restrictions
No
Foreign vessels are authorized to provide domestic cabotage services;
Guatemala's national legislation does not contain any explicit prohibitions
or authorizations in this respect.
Existence of a national infrastructure investment
plan
Yes
Transport sector is governed by Article 131 of the Constitution, Transport
Law (Decree No. 253 of 3 July 1946. Air transport in Guatemala is
governed by the Civil Aviation Law (Decree No. 93 2000) of 18 December
2000.
Existence of a national port policy
Yes
National Maritime Port Policy 2006 aimed at modernizing the ports and
adapting them to ensure greater protection of the environment and
maritime areas and increased efficiency.
Existence of a national Road Safety Plan or
targets
No
Existence of a national transport and logistics
plan or strategy
Yes
Efforts are being made to establish partnerships with the private sector in
order, inter alia, to promote transport, for example, through the National
Competitiveness Programme
Source:
Institutional Setting
Details
Lead agency for the development, coordination and delivery
of road safety programmes
Main agencies involved in developing national transport and
infrastructure policies
Ministry of Communications, Infrastructure and Housing has general
responsibility for the formulation of Guatemala's seaport policies
Mechanisms for ensuring a co-modal approach to transport
policy
Existence of a national body in charge of overall transport
and logistics policy
Sistema Portuario Nacional – SPN (National Port System)
Other
Source:
Main Regional Integration Initiatives
Details
Source
Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana (SICA)
www.sica.int
USI/ECLAC
Proyecto Mesoamerica
www.proyectomesoamerica.org
USI/ECLAC
Committee on Cross-Border Trade in Services and
Investment
Comisión Centroamericana de Transporte Marítimo
(COCATRAM)
USI/ECLAC
www.cocatram.org.ni
Declaración Conjunta Centroamerica-USA (CONCAUSA)
USI/ECLAC
USI/ECLAC
Participation in the Global Transport Conventions
23/12/2015
Page 12
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Guatemala
Title
Date
UNTS Volume Number
Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences
06/04/1974
1334
Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation of Private
Road Vehicles
04/06/1954
282
Convention on Road Traffic
19/09/1949
125
Convention on the International Maritime Organization
06/03/1948
289, 1520
Source
Bilateral Transport Agreements
Title
Date
Details
Agreement with Belize
26/06/2006
The Belize-Guatemala Partial Scope Agreement (PSA)
Agreement with United States for Air Transport
11/06/1999
Agreement with United States for Air Transport
26/05/1999
Agreement with Mexico
17/03/1997
Treaty on the recovery and return of stolen and
embezzled vehicles and aircrafts or utilized in an illicit
manner
Agreement with Mexico for Air Transport
25/02/1992
2725
Agreement with Mexico for Air Transport
01/02/1992
Agreement with Belgium for Air Transport
26/06/1966
2033
Agreement with United States
20/12/1949
Flights of military aircraft between the continental United
States and the Panama Canal Zone
Agreement with Denmark for Maritime Transport
04/03/1948
Treaty of Commerce and Navigation
Source: UN Treaty Series, 2015
23/12/2015
Page 13