ECLAC LOGISTICS PROFILE: Peru INTRODUCTION

ECLAC LOGISTICS PROFILE:
Peru
Last Update: 21/12/2015
INTRODUCTION
ECLAC's Logistics Profiles have been developed by the ECLAC Infrastructure Services Unit (ISU) with the aim to provide
in a single concise document an overview of the existing transport services in the countries of the region. Some
information is also offered - on a case-by-case basis - on the existing regulatory and institutional frameworks, as well as
the participation of the countries in the global, regional and bilateral transport agreements.
By gathering the information on all modes of transport, the profiles seek to promote a comprehensive vision of transport
services (all modes of transport and data on both existing infrastructure and its use), in line with the ECLAC’s general
recommendation in favour of integrated and sustainable logistics and mobility policies.
The profiles also intend to respond to the challenge of finding updated data on the existing transport infrastructure in the
region. While some international databases offer basic data on road, rail and other infrastructure, the best – but not
always available or known – sources remain the national statistic and other bulletins published by the transport ministries,
national statistics institutes and other national bodies. The ECLAC profiles are largely based on these national sources,
whose utility should not be underestimated. This, however, also means that the strength of each profile depends on the
information made available by the country. Some international indicators, especially as far as the logistics performance is
concerned, are quoted, but, in doing so, ISU encourages the readers to always bear in mind the exact scope,
methodology and, therefore, the limitations of each indicator.
The latest version of the profiles consists of three main parts:
Transport services by mode of transport
Modal Split, Road Safety and Logistics Performance
Institutional and Regulatory Framework
The general foreign trade background is available in the annex of each profile.
Depending on the availability of the information, the exact structure of each part of the profile will be different. The profiles
are updated continuously both in their content and their format and ISU welcomes and values all comments, questions
and suggestions which can be sent to: [email protected].
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Transport Services by Mode
Maritime Transport
National Port System
The port system consists of 21 ports with 45 terminals in operation. The Callao Port is the main container port that handles about 91% of
the total containerized cargo in Peru.
Source: ISU/ECLAC
Merchant fleet by flag of registration (2014)
Oil Tankers
Bulk Carriers
General Cargo
Container Ships
Others
Number registered:
8
2
67
Gross tonnage:
173,696
28,587
89,600
Source: UNCTAD
National Port Performance
Total cargo movements (all ports) (tons, thous.)
82,006
85,899
Total container movements (all ports) (TEU, thous.)
90,715
2,221
2,043
2012
2013
1,827
70,525
59,953
2,008
59,520
1,530
1,417
1,260
2008
2009
2010
2011
Source: ISU/ECLAC, Maritime Profile
23/12/2015
2012
2013
2008
2009
2010
2011
2014
Source: ISU/ECLAC, Maritime Profile
Page 1
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Air Transport
Air Transport Performance
Passengers transported by airports (thousands)
National
International
Cargo transported by airports (thous. tons)
Total
National
15,909
International
14,006
11,921
230
9,082
8,950
8,290
7,728
7,500
7,221
6,785
6,170
5,751
5,460
5,032
4,812
4,565
4,271
4,055
2008
284
263
233
338
326
312
10,491
8,754
Total
16,679
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
202
198
35
2014
29
2008
Source: MTC
2009
34
2010
274
247
229
37
38
2011
2012
290
36
2013
306
32
2014
Source: MTC
Air Transport Performance Forecast (thous. tons, thous. passengers)
176,220
168,885
162,259
8,629
8,117
2014
2015
Ca rgo
9,190
2016
Pa s s engers
Source: IATA. Real data for 2011, forecast for 2012-2016
23/12/2015
Page 2
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Road Transport
Infrastructure (2013)
Total (km.)
Main (km.)
Secondary (km.)
Local (km.)
Paved (km.)
% Paved
156,792
25,006
24,992
106,795
20,357
12.98%
Source: MTC
Road network distibution (%) (2012)
Percentage paved (all roads) (2012)
13%
17%
17%
66%
87%
Main
Secondary
Local
Paved
Source: MTC
Not Paved
Source: MTC
Main road network (km.)
23,903
24,500
23,596
23,319
2008
2009
2010
2011
24,593
2012
Source: MTC
23/12/2015
Page 3
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Road density: all roads (km./100 km2)
Road density: all roads (km./1,000 people)
12.25
5.18
10.99
4.70
4.36
10.09
6.39
6.56
6.58
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2.85
2.90
2.88
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: MTC. Territory: World Bank
Source: MTC. Population: CELADE
Road density: main roads (km./100 km2)
Road density: main roads (km./1,000 people)
1.87
1.91
2008
2009
1.84
1.82
2010
2011
Source: MTC. Territory: World Bank
23/12/2015
1.92
1.95
2012
2013
0.83
0.85
2008
2009
0.81
0.79
2010
2011
2013
0.82
0.83
2012
2013
Source: MTC. Population: CELADE
Page 4
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Fleet (2014)
Total
Passenger Cars
Buses
Cargo Trucks
2,423,696
2,049,010
77,773
296,913
Taxis
Motorbikes
Other
Source: MTC
Road fleet (number of vehicles)
Composition of the road fleet (number of vehicules) (2014)
12%
2,423,696
1,732,834
1,979,864
1,849,690
3%
2,223,092
2,137,837
85%
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Buses
Source: MTC
Cars
Trucks
Source: MTC
Cargo fleet (number of vehicles)
296,913
277,582
254,046
201,891
2009
216,973
2010
234,382
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: MTC
23/12/2015
Page 5
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Motorization (Passenger Cars/1,000 people)
48.92
51.09
2008
2009
53.92
2010
57.04
60.93
2011
2012
64.07
2013
66.86
2014
Source: MTC. CELADE
Passengers transported (thous.)
69,958
70,378
70,831
72,543
2009
2010
2011
2012
75,630
79,065
64,996
2008
2013
2014
Source: Solo transporte interprovincial,MTC
23/12/2015
Page 6
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Rail Transport
Infrastructure (2012)
Total length (km.)
Details
1,928
El 77.8% de la red operativa representan tramos concesionados por el Estado, el 9.8% representan tramos
no concesionados y el 12.4% pertenecen al sector privado. Existen 8 líneas férreas en operación.
Source: MTC
Rail network (km.)
1,956
1,956
1,956
1,956
1,928
1,928
1,940
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: MTC
Rail density (km./100 km2)
0.15
2008
0.15
2009
0.15
2010
Rail density (km./1,000 people)
0.15
2011
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.07
2012
2013
2014
2008
Source: MTC. Territory: World Bank
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.06
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: MTC. Population: CELADE
Fleet (2013)
Number of locomotives
Number of railcars
Number of wagons
95
169
2,208
Load capacity of wagons
Source: MTC
23/12/2015
Page 7
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Cargo transported by rail (thous. tons)
National
9,115
International
Passengers transported (thous.)
Total
Urban
Interurban
Total
2,345
9,028
8,137
7,906
7,618
7,667
2,031
7,527
1,639
2,149
1,761
1,653
1,382
2008
Source: MTC
23/12/2015
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Source: MTC
Page 8
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Inland Water Transport
Infrastructure (2012)
Main Ports
Secondary Ports
1
2
Iquitos
Yurimangas, Pucallapa
Local Ports
Operational waterways
(km.)
Naturally navigable rivers
and lakes (km.)
6,000
78,687
Source: MTC
Operational waterways (km.)
6,000
2012
Source: MTC
Operational waterways density (km./100 km2)
Operational waterways density (km./1,000 people)
0.47
0.20
2012
2012
Source: MTC. Territory: World Bank
Source: MTC. Population: CELADE
Fleet (2014)
Total
Number of vessels by
load capacity:
23/12/2015
< 250 t
250 to 399 t
400 to 649 t
650 to 999 t
834
Page 9
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Navigable inland
waterways by vessel
capacity (km.):
Source: MTC
23/12/2015
Page 10
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Transport Infrastructure of Regional dimension
International transport and logistics corridors
Mode of transport
Details
IIRSA/COSIPLAN/UNASUR
Multimodal
www.iirsa.org
23/12/2015
Page 11
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Modal Split, Road Safety and Logistics Performance
Transport sector in national economy
Transport Sector share in GDP (%)
5.69%
5.60%
5.70%
5.71%
5.76%
5.76%
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Source: MTC, Estadistica, 2015
23/12/2015
Page 12
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Modal Split in Imports
Imports (TON, thous.)
Imports (USD, thous.)
35,000
45,000,000
40,000,000
30,000
35,000,000
25,000
Truck
20,000
River
Other modes
15,000
Maritime
Airborne
10,000
30,000,000
25,000,000
20,000,000
15,000,000
Truck
River
Other modes
Maritime
Airborne
10,000,000
5,000
5,000,000
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
0
20
09
20
08
0
Source: ISU/ECLAC, BTI
Modal Split in Exports
Exports (TON, thous.)
Exports (USD, thous.)
40,000
50,000,000
35,000
45,000,000
30,000
25,000
Truck
40,000,000
Truck
River
35,000,000
River
Rail
30,000,000
Rail
20,000
Other modes
25,000,000
Other modes
15,000
Maritime
20,000,000
Maritime
Lake
15,000,000
Lake
Airborne
10,000,000
Airborne
10,000
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
0
20
09
5,000,000
0
20
08
5,000
Source: ISU/ECLAC, BTI
23/12/2015
Page 13
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Road Safety Performance
Fatalities / 100,000 habitants
13.82
12.18
11.93
11.20
9.76
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: MTC, Estatísticas, 2015. CELADE
23/12/2015
Page 14
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Logistics Costs and Performance
LPI: Score Card
4
3 3.4 3.3
3.5
3
3
2.9 2.8
2.7
3
2.5
2.9
3 2.7 2.7
3
2.8
3
2.9 2.9
3 3.0 2.8
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
overall LPI score Customs score
score
Infrastructure Logistics quality
International
score
and competence shipments score
score
2010
2012
Tracking and
tracing score
Timeliness
score
2014
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
DOING BUSINESS: Trading across borders
29
25
22
22
860 895
24
21
17
2008
2009
2010
17
17
575
12
12
12
2011
2012
2013
2014
7
7
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Cost to export (US$ per container)
Cost to import (US$ per container)
Time to import (days)
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
7
1,010
860 880 890
880 890
670
17
12
Time to export (days)
895 860 880
860
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
7
7
7
7
55
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
2014
42
49
2013
39
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Documents to export (number)
Documents to i mport (number)
23/12/2015
2014
Trading Across Borders Rank
Ease of Doing Business Rank
Page 15
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
55
5
5
5
5
5
5
2014
5
42
49
2013
39
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Documents to export (number)
Documents to i mport (number)
Trading Across Borders Rank
Ease of Doing Business Rank
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
Source: ISU/ECLAC, World Bank
UNCTAD Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (maximum value in 2004 = 100)
17.38
16.96
2008
2009
21.79
21.18
2010
2011
32.8
32.84
2012
2013
Source: ISU/ECLAC, UNCTAD
23/12/2015
Page 16
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Institutional and Regulatory Framework
National Regulatory and Normative Framework
Yes/No
Details
Cabotage restrictions
No
Existence of a national infrastructure investment
plan
Yes
The National Plan of infrastructure investment is administrated by the
Ministry of Transport Peru
Existence of a national port policy
Yes
The National Port Authority (APN) is in charge of the port policy of Peru
Existence of a national Road Safety Plan or
targets
Yes
The Ministry of Transport and Communications is in charge to developing
the new Road Safety plan after the (2007 – 2011)
Existence of a national transport and logistics
plan or strategy
Yes
The National Plan (2012-2016) is administrated by the General Office of
Budget and Planning under the Ministry of Transport and Communications
Source:
Institutional Setting
Details
Lead agency for the development, coordination and delivery
of road safety programmes
The National Road Safety Agency
Main agencies involved in developing national transport and
infrastructure policies
National Port Authority (APN), Aeronautica Civil, The National Road
Safety Agency under control of the Ministry of Transport and
Communications Peru
Mechanisms for ensuring a co-modal approach to transport
policy
Existence of a national body in charge of overall transport
and logistics policy
Ministry of Transport and Communications & Ministry of Infrastructure
Other
Source:
Main Regional Integration Initiatives
Details
Source
The Andean Community (CAN)
www.comunidadandina.org
USI/ECLAC
IIRSA/COSIPLAN/UNASUR
www.iirsa.org
USI/ECLAC
The Latin American Integration Association (ALADI)
www.aladi.org
USI/ECLAC
Alianza del Pacífico
alianzapacifico.net
USI/ECLAC
Participation in the Global Transport Conventions
Title
Date
UNTS Volume Number
International Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1993
06/05/1993
2276
Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences
06/04/1974
1334
Convention on Road Traffic
08/11/1968
1042
Customs Convention on the Temporary Importation of Private
Road Vehicles
04/06/1954
282
Convention on Road Traffic
19/09/1949
125
Convention on the International Maritime Organization
06/03/1948
289, 1520
Source
Bilateral Transport Agreements
23/12/2015
Page 17
ECLAC Logistics Profile 2008-2014 - Peru
Title
Date
Agreement with Uruguay
30/11/2005
Agreement with Brazil for Air Transport
01/05/2005
Agreement with United Arab Emirates for Air Transport
28/04/2005
Agreement with Spain for Air Transport
06/04/2005
Agreement with Thailand for Air Transport
18/03/2005
Agreement with South Africa for Transport
18/08/2004
Agreement with Brazil for Rail Transport
25/09/2003
Agreement with Panama for Transport
27/08/2003
Agreement with Colombia for Air Transport
11/06/2003
Agreement with Paraguay for Road Transport
05/11/2002
Agreement with Uruguay for Transport
04/11/2002
Agreement with Cuba for Air Transport
30/07/2002
Agreement with Denmark for Air Transport
30/07/2002
Agreement with China for Air Transport
27/09/2001
Agreement with Paraguay for Air Transport
06/07/2001
Agreement with Switzerland for Air Transport
24/01/2000
Agreement with United States for Air Transport
10/06/1998
Agreement with Argentina for Road Transport
01/01/1990
Agreement with Argentina for Road Transport
01/01/1990
Agreement with Mexico for Transport
05/09/1989
Agreement with Mexico for Air Transport
01/09/1989
Agreement with Norway for Air Transport
08/02/1982
Agreement with Argentina for Maritime Transport
27/10/1972
Agreement with Argentina for Maritime Transport
01/10/1972
Agreement with Germany for Air Transport
04/12/1963
Agreement with Sweden for Air Transport
14/07/1960
Agreement with France for Air Transport
23/04/1959
Agreement with Venezuela for Road Transport
01/06/1958
Agreement with Honduras for Air Transport
04/05/1955
Agreement with Canada for Air Transport
18/02/1954
Agreement with Costa Rica for Air Transport
18/02/1954
Agreement with United Kingdom for Air Transport
22/12/1947
Agreement with Brazil for Air Transport
07/12/1944
Details
Agreement on the restitution of stolen motor vehicles
Source: UN Treaty Series, 2015
23/12/2015
Page 18