MAX2838 3.3GHz to 3.9GHz Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver General Description

19-1049; Rev 1; 8/08
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
Features
The MAX2838 direct-conversion, zero-IF, RF transceiver is designed specifically for 3.3GHz to 3.9GHz wireless broadband systems. The MAX2838 completely
integrates all circuitry required to implement the RF
transceiver function, providing RF-to-baseband receive
path, baseband-to-RF transmit path, VCO, frequency
synthesizer, and baseband/control interface. The
device includes a fast-settling sigma-delta RF synthesizer with smaller than 29Hz frequency steps. The
MAX2838 supports 2Tx, 2Rx MIMO applications with a
master device providing coherent LO to the slave
device. The transceiver IC also integrates circuits for
on-chip DC-offset cancellation, I/Q error, and carrierleakage detection circuits. Only an RF bandpass filter
(BPF), TCXO, RF switch, PA, and a small number of
passive components are needed to form a complete
wireless broadband RF radio solution.
♦ 3.3GHz to 3.9GHz Wide-Band Operation
♦ Master-Slave Modes with Coherent LO for MIMO
♦ Complete RF Transceiver, and PA Driver
0dBm Linear OFDM Transmit Power
-70dBr Tx Spectral Emission Mask
2.8dB Rx Noise Figure
Tx/Rx I/Q Error and LO Leakage Detection and
Adjustment
Automatic Rx DC Offset Correction
Monolithic Low-Noise VCO with -39dBc Integrated
Phase Noise
Programmable Rx I/Q Lowpass Channel Filters
Programmable Tx I/Q Lowpass Anti-Aliasing Filter
Sigma-Delta Fractional-N PLL with 29Hz Step Size
60dB Tx Gain Control Range with 1dB Step Size,
Digitally Controlled
94dB Rx Gain Control Range with 2dB Step Size,
Digitally Controlled
60dB Analog RSSI Instantaneous Dynamic Range
4-Wire SPI™ Digital Interface
I/Q Analog Baseband Interface
Digital Tx/Rx/Shutdown Mode Control
Low-Power CLOCKOUT Mode
On-Chip Digital Temperature Sensor Readout
♦ +2.7V to +3.6V Transceiver Supply
♦ Low-Power Shutdown Mode
♦ Small 48-Pin Thin QFN Package (6mm x 6mm x 0.8mm)
The MAX2838 completely eliminates the need for an
external SAW filter by implementing on-chip monolithic
filters for both the receiver and transmitter. The baseband filters along with the Rx and Tx signal paths are
optimized to meet the stringent noise figure and linearity specifications. The device supports up to 2048-FFT
OFDM and implements programmable channel filters
for 1.5MHz to 28MHz RF channel bandwidths. The
transceiver requires only 2µs Tx-Rx switching time. The
IC is available in a small 48-pin thin QFN package measuring only 6mm x 6mm x 0.8mm.
Applications
Pin Configuration
NLOS Wireless Broadband Systems
WiMAX is a trademark of the WiMAX Forum.
SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
VCCRXMX
TXBBQ-
TXBBQ+
TXBBI+
TXBBI-
VCCRXFL
RXHP
VCCRXVGA
RXBBI+
RXBBI-
WiMAX Pico and Femto Basestations
RXTX
802.16e MIMO Mobile WiMAX
ENABLE
802.16-2004/802.16d Fixed WiMAX™
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
+
VCCRXLNA 1
36 RXBBQ+
GNDRXLNA 2
35 RXBBQ-
B5 3
34 B6
RXRF+ 4
33 B7
RXRF- 5
32 RSSI
MAX2838
B4 6
31 DIN
VCCTXPAD 7
Ordering Information
30 DOUT
B3 8
29 EXTVCO+
B2 9
28 EXTVCO-
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
GNDVCO
14
CPOUT-
13
CPOUT+
25 VCOBYP
*EP = Exposed paddle.
+Denotes a lead-free package.
T = Tape and reel.
GNDCP
26 VCCVCO
B1 12
VCCCP
TXRF- 11
REFCLK
48 TQFN-EP*
VCCDIG
-40°C to +85°C
CLKOUT
27 VCCLO
MAX2838ETM+T
SCLK
TXRF+ 10
CS
PIN-PACKAGE
PABIAS
TEMP RANGE
VCCTMX
PART
48 THIN QFN
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
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1
MAX2838
General Description
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC_ Pins to GND..................................................-0.3V to +3.6V
RF Inputs: RXRF+, RXRF-, EXTVCO+,
EXTVCO- to GND ................................................-0.3V to +3.6V
RF Outputs: TXRF+, TXRF-, EXTVCO+,
EXTVCO- to GND ................................................-0.3V to +3.6V
Analog Inputs: TXBBI+, TXBBI-, TXBBQ+,
TXBBQ-, REFCLK to GND ...................................-0.3V to +3.6V
Analog Outputs: RXBBI+, RXBBI-, RXBBQ+,
RXBBQ-, RSSI, VCOBYP, CPOUT+, CPOUT-,
PABIAS to GND ...................................................-0.3V to +3.6V
Digital Inputs: ENABLE, RXTX, CS, SCLK,
DIN, RXHP B1–B7 to GND ..................................-0.3V to +3.6V
Digital Outputs: DOUT, CLKOUT to GND .............-0.3V to +3.6V
Short-Circuit Duration
Analog Outputs: RXBBI+, RXBBI-, RXBBQ+,
RSSI, VCOBYP,RXBBQ-, CPOUT+, CPOUT-,
PABIAS, TXRF-, TXRF+ ......................................................10s
Digital Outputs: DOUT, CLKOUT .........................................10s
RF Input Power: RXRF+, RXRF- .....................................+15dBm
RF Output Differential Load VSWR: TXRF+, TXRF- .................6:1
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
48-Pin Thin QFN (derate 37mW/°C above +70°C) ...... > 2.96W
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC_ = 2.7V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, ENABLE and RXTX set according to operating mode, CS =
high, SCLK = DIN = low, transmitter and receiver in maximum gain, no input signal at RF inputs, all RF inputs and outputs terminated
into 50Ω, receiver baseband outputs are open. 90mVRMS differential I and Q signals (1MHz) applied to I and Q baseband inputs of
transmitter in transmit mode, all registers set to recommended settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at VCC = 2.8V, fLO = 3.6GHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETERS
Supply Voltage
CONDITIONS
VCC_
UNITS
3.6
V
12
35
Rx calibration
mode, see
Tables 1 and 2
Tx calibration
mode, see
Tables 1 and 2
µA
52
44
11
Single configuration
103
MIMO master configuration
112
MIMO slave configuration
80
Single configuration
152
MIMO master configuration
160
MIMO slave configuration
128
Single configuration
142
MIMO master configuration
151
MIMO slave configuration
119
Single configuration
111
MIMO master configuration
120
MIMO slave configuration
D9:D8 = 00 in A4:A0 = 00100
2
MAX
2.8
Standby mode, Single configuration
see Tables
MIMO master configuration
1 and 2
MIMO slave configuration
Tx mode, see
Tables 1 and 2
Rx I/Q Output Common-Mode
Voltage
TYP
2.7
Shutdown mode TA = +25°C
Rx mode, see
Tables 1 and 2
Supply Current
MIN
133
186
mA
182
145
88
0.8
1.0
D9:D8 = 01 in A4:A0 = 00100
1.1
D9:D8 = 10 in A4:A0 = 00100
1.2
D9:D8 = 11 in A4:A0 = 00100
1.35
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1.2
V
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC_ = 2.7V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, ENABLE and RXTX set according to operating mode, CS =
high, SCLK = DIN = low, transmitter and receiver in maximum gain, no input signal at RF inputs, all RF inputs and outputs terminated
into 50Ω, receiver baseband outputs are open. 90mVRMS differential I and Q signals (1MHz) applied to I and Q baseband inputs of
transmitter in transmit mode, all registers set to recommended settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at VCC = 2.8V, fLO = 3.6GHz, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETERS
CONDITIONS
Tx Baseband Input CommonMode Voltage Operating Range
DC-coupled
Tx Baseband Input Bias Current
Source current
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
1.2
V
20
µA
0.4
V
0.5
8
LOGIC INPUTS: ENABLE, RXTX, SCLK, DIN, CS, B1:B7, RXHP
Digital Input Voltage High, VIH
VCC - 0.4
V
Digital Input Voltage Low, VIL
Digital Input Current High, IIH
-1
+1
µA
Digital Input Current Low, IIL
-1
+1
µA
LOGIC OUTPUTS: DOUT
Digital Output Voltage High, VOH
Sourcing 100µA
Digital Output Voltage Low, VOL
Sinking 100µA
VCC - 0.4
V
0.4
V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Rx MODE
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fRF = 3.601GHz, receiver baseband I/Q outputs at 90mVRMS, fREF
= 40MHz, CS = ENABLE = RXTX = high, SCLK = DIN = low, channel bandwidth BW = 7MHz, with power matching for the RF inputs
using the typical applications and registers set to default settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.
Unmodulated single-tone RF input signal is used with specifications that normally apply over the entire operating conditions, unless
otherwise indicated. Rx I/Q differential output load impedance = 10kΩ || 8pF.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
3.9
GHz
RECEIVER SECTION: LNA RF INPUT TO BASEBAND I/Q OUTPUTS
RF Input Frequency Range
3.3
Peak-to-Peak Gain Variation over
RF Input Frequency Range
Tested at band edges and band center
RF Input Return Loss
All LNA settings
Total Voltage Gain
TA = -40°C to +85°C
RF Gain Steps
Gain Change Settling Time
Baseband Gain Range
Baseband Gain Minimum Step Size
Maximum gain, B7:B1 = 0000000
Minimum gain, B7:B1 = 1111111
88
1.8
dB
10
dB
98
5
From max RF gain to max RF Gain - 8dB
8
From max RF gain to max RF gain - 16dB
16
10
dB
dB
From max RF gain to max RF gain - 32dB
32
Any RF or baseband gain change; gain settling to within
±1dB of steady state; RXHP = 1
200
Any RF or baseband gain change; gain settling to within
±0.1dB of steady state; RXHP = 1
500
From maximum baseband gain (B5:B1 = 00000) to minimum
baseband gain (B5:B1 = 11111)
62
dB
2
dB
ns
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3
MAX2838
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Rx MODE (continued)
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fRF = 3.601GHz, receiver baseband I/Q outputs at 90mVRMS, fREF
= 40MHz, CS = ENABLE = RXTX = high, SCLK = DIN = low, channel bandwidth BW = 7MHz, with power matching for the RF inputs
using the typical applications and registers set to default settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.
Unmodulated single-tone RF input signal is used with specifications that normally apply over the entire operating conditions, unless
otherwise indicated. Rx I/Q differential output load impedance = 10kΩ || 8pF.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
DSB Noise Figure
In-Band Input P-1dB
Maximum Output Signal Level
Out-of-Band Input IP3 (Note 2)
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
Voltage gain ≥ 65dB with max RF gain (B7:B6 = 00)
2.9
Voltage gain = 50dB with max RF gain - 8dB (B7:B6 = 01)
7.9
Voltage gain = 45dB with max RF gain - 16dB (B7:B6 = 10)
13.7
Voltage gain = 15dB with max RF gain - 32dB (B7:B6 = 11)
31.4
Max RF gain (B7:B6 = 00)
-35
Max RF gain - 8dB (B7:B6 = 01)
-27
Max RF gain - 16dB (B7:B6 = 10)
-19
Max RF gain - 32dB (B7:B6 = 11)
-3
Over passband frequency range; at any gain setting;
1dB compression point, differential output
2.5
Max RF gain (B7:B6 = 00), AGC set for -65dBm wanted
signal
-10
Max RF gain - 8dB (B7:B6 = 01), AGC set for -55dBm
wanted signal
-5
Max RF gain - 16dB (B7:B6 = 10), AGC set for -40dBm
wanted signal
-4
Max RF gain - 32dB (B7:B6 = 11), AGC set for -30dBm
wanted signal
+23
MAX
UNITS
dB
dBm
VP-P
dBm
I/Q Phase Error
1MHz baseband output; 1 σ variation, TA = +25°C
0.15
Degrees
I/Q Gain Imbalance
1MHz baseband output; 1 σ variation, TA = +25°C
0.05
dB
I/Q Output DC Droop
After completion of default power-on on-chip DC
cancellation, 1 σ variation
±1
V/s
I/Q Static DC Offset
No RF input signal; B7:B1 = 0000000, after completion of
default power-on on-chip DC cancellation, 1 σ variation
±1.0
mV
Loopback Gain (for Receiver I/Q
Calibration)
Transmitter I/Q input to receiver I/Q output; transmitter B6:B1 =
000011, receiver B5:B1 = 10011 programmed through SPI
-7.0
-2
+2.5
dB
RECEIVER BASEBAND FILTERS
Baseband Highpass Filter Corner
Frequency
4
Corner frequency 1
600
Corner frequency 2
100
Corner frequency 3
30
Corner frequency 4
1
Corner frequency 5
0.1
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kHz
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fRF = 3.601GHz, receiver baseband I/Q outputs at 90mVRMS, fREF
= 40MHz, CS = ENABLE = RXTX = high, SCLK = DIN = low, channel bandwidth BW = 7MHz, with power matching for the RF inputs
using the typical applications and registers set to default settings and corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.
Unmodulated single-tone RF input signal is used with specifications that normally apply over the entire operating conditions, unless
otherwise indicated. Rx I/Q differential output load impedance = 10kΩ || 8pF.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
RF Channel BW Supported by
Baseband Filter
Baseband Gain Ripple
Baseband Group Delay Ripple
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0000
1.5
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0001
1.75
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0010
3.5
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0011
5.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0100
5.5
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0101
6.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0110
7.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 0111
8.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1000
9.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1001
10.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1010
12.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1011
14.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1100
15.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1101
20.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1110
24.0
A4:A0 = 00010 serial bits D7:D4 = 1111
28.0
MAX
UNITS
MHz
0 to 3.2MHz for BW = 7MHz
1
dBP-P
nsP-P
0 to 3.2MHz for BW = 7MHz
65
At 4.67MHz
7
At > 10.5MHz
53
At > 14MHz
75
At > 29.4MHz
75
RSSI Minimum Output Voltage
RLOAD ≥ 10kΩ
0.65
V
RSSI Maximum Output Voltage
RLOAD ≥ 10kΩ
2.4
V
30
mV/dB
Baseband Filter Rejection for
7MHz RF Channel BW
dB
RSSI
RSSI Slope
RSSI Output Settling Time
To within 3dB of steady
state
+32dB signal step
200
-32dB signal step
800
ns
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5
MAX2838
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Rx MODE (continued)
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Tx MODE
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC_ = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fRF = 3.601GHz , fLO = 3.6GHz. fREF = 40MHz, ENABLE = CS = high, and RXTX
= SCLK = DIN = low, with power matching for the differential RF pins using the Typical Operating Circuit. Lowpass filter is set to
7MHz RF channel BW, 90mVRMS sine and cosine signal (or 90mVRMS 64QAM 1024-FFT OFDMA FUSC I/Q signals wherever OFDM
is mentioned) applied to baseband I/Q inputs of transmitter (differential DC-coupled). Registers set to recommended settings and
corresponding test mode, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
3.9
GHz
TRANSMIT SECTION: Tx BASEBAND I/Q INPUTS TO RF OUTPUTS
RF Output Frequency Range
3.3
Peak-to-Peak Gain Variation over
RF Band
2.6
dB
Total Voltage Gain
Maximum gain; at unbalanced 50Ω matched output
8
dB
Maximum Output Power over
Frequency
OFDM signal conforming to spectral emission mask and
-36dB EVM after I/Q imbalance calibration by modem (Note 3)
0
dBm
RF Output Return Loss
All gain settings
7
dB
60
dB
RF Gain Control Range
B1
1
B2
2
B3
4
B4
8
B5
16
B6
32
Unwanted Sideband Suppression
Without calibration by modem, and excludes modem I/Q
imbalance; POUT = 0dBm
-40
dBc
Carrier Leakage
Relative to 0dBm output power; without calibration by modem
-40
dBc
Minimum differential resistance
60
kΩ
Maximum differential capacitance
0.5
pF
Baseband Frequency Response
for 7MHz RF Channel BW
0 to 4.67MHz
-8
At > 13.23MHz
-45
Baseband Group Delay Ripple
0 to 4.9MHz (BW = 7MHz)
15
RF Gain Control Binary Weights
Tx I/Q Input Impedance (R || C)
dB
dB
nsP-P
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, PLL loop bandwidth
= 180kHz, charge-pump comparison frequency = 40MHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
3.9
GHz
FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
RF Channel Center Frequency
3.3
Channel Center Frequency
Programming Minimum Step Size
Charge-Pump Comparison
Frequency
Reference Frequency Range
Reference Frequency Input Levels
6
AC-coupled to REFCLK pin
29
Hz
11
40
MHz
11
40
800
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80
MHz
mVP-P
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, PLL loop bandwidth
= 180kHz, charge-pump comparison frequency = 40MHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
Programmable Reference Divider
Values
A4:A0 = 10100, D2:D1 = 00
1
A4:A0 = 10100, D2:D1 = 01
2
Closed-Loop Integrated Phase
Noise
Loop BW = 180kHz, integrate phase noise from 200Hz to
5MHz
Charge-Pump Output Current
Close-In Spur Level
MAX
UNITS
-39
dBc
mA
On each differential side
0.8
fOFFSET = 0 to 1.8MHz
-45
dBc
fOFFSET = 1.8MHz to 7MHz
-70
fOFFSET > 7MHz
-80
Reference Spur Level
fOFFSET ≥ 40MHz
-73
dBc
Turnaround LO Frequency Error
Relative to steady state; measured 35µs after Tx-Rx or Rx-Tx
switching instant, and 4µs after any receiver gain changes
±50
Hz
Temperature Range over which
VCO Maintains Lock
Relative to the initial ambient temperature TA, as long as
the final temperature is within operating temperature range
TA ± 40
°C
CLKOUT Frequency Divider Values
A4:A0 = 10100, D6:D5 = 01 (Note 4)
Low drive
2
1.6
High drive
2.4
CLKOUT Output Swing
R = 10kΩ, C = 10pF
VP-P
External VCO Input Power
MIMO slave mode only
-10
dBm
External VCO Output Power
MIMO master mode only
-8
dBm
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—MISCELLANEOUS BLOCKS
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 2.8V, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
PA BIAS DAC: CURRENT MODE
Numbers of bits
6
Minimum Output Sink Current
D5:D0 = 000000 in A4:A0 = 11100
0
µA
Maximum Output Sink Current
D5:D0 = 111111 in A4:A0 = 11100
310
µA
200
ns
1
LSB
Compliance Voltage Range
Turn-On Time
0.8
Excludes programmable delay of 0 to 7µs in steps of 0.5µs
DNL
V
PA BIAS DAC: VOLTAGE MODE
Output High Level
10mA source current
VCC - 0.2
V
Output Low Level
10mA sink current
0.1
V
Turn-On Time
Excludes programmable delay of 0 to 7µs in steps of 0.5µs
200
ns
ON-CHIP TEMPERATURE SENSOR
Read-out at DOUT pin through SPI
A4:A0 = 00111, D4:D0
Digital Output Code
Temperature Step Size
TA = +25°C
01111
TA = +85°C
11001
TA = -40°C
00100
5
°C
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7
MAX2838
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—FREQUENCY SYNTHESIS (continued)
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—TIMING
(MAX2838 Evaluation Kit, VCC = 2.8V, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, SCLK = DIN = low, PLL loop bandwidth = 180kHz,
and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
SYSTEM TIMING
Channel Switching Time
Frequency
error
settles to
±50Hz
Automatic VCO sub-band selection
2
ms
Manual VCO sub-band selection
56
µs
Measured from Tx or Rx
enable rising edge, signal
settling to within 0.5dB of
steady state
Turnaround Time
Tx Turn-On Time (from Standby
Mode)
Rx to Tx
2
Tx to Rx
2
µs
Measured from Tx enable rising edge, signal
settling to within 0.5dB of steady state
Tx Turn-Off Time (to Standby Mode)
From Tx-enable falling edge
Rx Turn-On Time (from Standby
Mode)
Measured from Rx enable rising edge, signal
settling to within 0.5dB of steady state
Rx Turn-Off Time (to Standby Mode)
From Rx-enable falling edge
2
µs
0.1
µs
2
µs
0.1
µs
4-WIRE SERIAL INTERFACE TIMING (See Figure 1)
SCLK Rising Edge to CS Falling
Edge Wait Time
tCSO
6
ns
Falling Edge of CS to Rising
Edge of First SCLK Time
tCSS
6
ns
DIN to SCLK Setup Time
tDS
6
ns
DIN to SCLK Hold Time
tDH
6
ns
SCLK Pulse-Width High
tCH
6
ns
SCLK Pulse-Width Low
tCL
6
ns
Last Rising Edge of SCLK to
Rising Edge of CS or Clock to
Load Enable Setup Time
tCSH
6
ns
CS High Pulse Width
tCSW
20
ns
Time Between Rising Edge of CS
and the Next Rising Edge of SCLK
tCS1
6
ns
Clock Frequency
fCLK
Rise Time
45
MHz
tR
fCLK / 10
ns
Fall Time
tF
fCLK / 10
ns
SCLK Falling Edge to Valid DOUT
tD
12.5
ns
Note 1: Min and max limits are guaranteed by test above TA = +25°C and are guaranteed by design and characterization at TA =
-40°C. The power-on register settings are not guaranteed. Recommended register setting must be loaded after VCC is supplied.
Note 2: Two tones at +20MHz and +39MHz offset with -35dBm/tone. Measure IM3 at 1MHz.
Note 3: Gain adjusted over max gain and max gain - 3dB.
Note 4: VCC rise time (0V to 2.7V) must be less than 1ms.
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
RECEIVER
-40°C
+25°C
40
89
LNA = MAX
50
LNA = MAX - 8dB
LNA = MAX - 32dB
40
30
GAIN (dB)
97
93
LNA = MAX - 40dB
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
101
60
MAX2838toc02
MAX2838toc01
+85°C
Rx VOLTAGE GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
NOISE FIGURE vs. BASEBAND GAIN SETTING
50
LNA = MAX - 24dB
20
LNA = MAX - 16dB
LNA = MAX - 16dB
30
LNA = MAX - 24dB
20
LNA = MAX - 32dB
LNA = MAX - 8dB
10
MAX2838toc03a
Rx SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
105
LNA = MAX - 40dB
10
LNA = MAX
3.3
3.6
24
+25°C
+85°C
LNA = MAX - 8dB
LNA = MAX
40
LNA = MAX - 32dB
0
LNA = MAX - 40dB
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
4.0
1.2
0.8
0
0
3.9
3.8
0.4
LNA = MAX - 24dB
-40
44
3.6
1.6
MAX2838toc04
LNA = MAX - 16dB
VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
48
3.4
Rx OUTPUT V1dB vs. GAIN SETTING
120
MAX2838toc03b
50
3.2
FREQUENCY (GHz)
Rx VOLTAGE GAIN vs. BASEBAND
GAIN SETTING
80
3.0
32
Rx VOLTAGE GAIN (MAXIMUM LNA GAIN)
vs. FREQUENCY
46
16
8
24
0
32
8
16
24
32
FREQUENCY (MHz)
BASEBAND VGA CODE
BASEBAND VGA CODE
Rx EVM vs. PIN (CHANNEL
BANDWIDTH = 10MHz, 64 QAM FUSC)
Rx EVM vs. VOUT (CHANNEL
BANDWIDTH = 10MHz, 64 QAM FUSC)
WiMAX EVM vs. OFDM JAMMER
(7MHz CHANNEL BANDWIDTH, 64 QAM FUSC)
LNA = MAX - 32dB
10
LNA = MAX - 40dB
MAX2838toc08a
fOFFSET = 7MHz
10
EVM (%)
12
EVM (%)
14
12
12
LNA = MAX - 24dB
16
14
MAX2838toc07
16
MAX2838toc06
LNA = MAX - 8dB LNA = MAX - 16dB
18
EVM (%)
16
BASEBAND VGA CODE
52
20
8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
-40°C
GAIN (dB)
0
OUTPUT V1dB (VRMS)
3.0
54
22
0
0
2.7
MAX2838toc05
85
8
fOFFSET = 14MHz
8
6
8
6
4
4
4
2
0
2
LNA = MAX
0
0
-100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10
PIN (dBm)
PWANTED = PSENSITIVITY + 3dB = -71.4dBm AT
ANTENNA (INCLUDING 4dB FRONT-END LOSS).
EVM AT PSENSITIVITY = 6%, WITHOUT JAMMER.
-30
-25
-20
-15
VOUT(dBVRMS)
-10
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
PJAMMER at ANTENNA (dBm)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
9
MAX2838
Typical Operating Characteristics
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
fOFFSET = 10MHz
-40
(dBm)
8
6
-60
-70
fOFFSET = 20MHz
4
-50
-80
PWANTED = PSENSITIVITY + 3dB = -70.3dBm AT
2 ANTENNA (INCLUDING 4dB FRONT-END LOSS).
EVM AT PSENSITIVITY = 5.85%, WITHOUT JAMMER.
0
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
29
-60
28
-65
27
-90
-100
-110
0Hz
26
3.3
26.5GHz
Rx INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
(LNA = MAX - 32dB)
Rx INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
(LNA = MAX)
30
40
30
20
10
10
(dB)
20
0
-10
-20
-20
-30
3.3GHz
3.6GHz
-40
-30
3.9GHz
-50
30kHz
-40
6.0GHz
LNA = MAX - 16dB
2.0
0
-10
LNA = MAX
LNA = MAX - 8dB
RSSI VOLTAGE (V)
40
RSSI VOLTAGE vs. INPUT POWER
2.5
MAX2838toc11b
MAX2838toc11a
50
1.5
LNA = MAX - 32dB
1.0
3.3GHz 3.6GHz
-75
3.9
3.5
3.7
FREQUENCY (GHz)
PJAMMER AT ANTENNA (dBm)
50
-70
REAL
MAX2838toc12
10
IMAGINARY
REAL COMPONENT (Ω)
-30
-55
LNA = MAX - 24dB
3.9GHz
LNA = MAX - 40dB
0.5
-50
30kHz
-100
6.0GHz
-70
-40
-10
PIN (dBm)
3V
LNA GAIN CONTROL
LNA GAIN CONTROL
0V
0V
1.45V
1.5V
RSSI OUTPUT
0.45V
RSSI
300
LPF GROUP DELAY (ns)
3V
Rx LPF GROUP DELAY vs. FREQUENCY
350
MAX2838toc14
MAX2838toc13
Rx RSSI STEP RESPONSE
(-40dB SIGNAL STEP)
MAX2838toc15
Rx RSSI STEP RESPONSE
(+40dB SIGNAL STEP)
CHANNEL BW = 5MHz
250
CHANNEL BW = 8MHz
CHANNEL BW = 9MHz
200
CHANNEL BW = 10MHz
150
100
50
0.45V
0
200ns/div
200ns/div
0
2
4
6
8
10
FREQUENCY (MHz)
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
12
14
16
IMAGINARY COMPONENT (Ω)
-20
MAX2838toc10
30
MAX2838toc09
12
EVM (%)
-10
MAX2838toc08b
14
Rx INPUT DIFFERENTIAL IMPEDANCE
vs. FREQUENCY
Rx EMISSION SPECTRUM, LNA INPUT
(Tx OFF, LNA = MAX)
WiMAX EVM vs. OFDM JAMMER
(10MHz CHANNEL BANDWIDTH, 64 QAM FUSC)
(dB)
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
Rx DC OFFSET SETTLING RESPONSE
(-8dB BB VGA GAIN STEP)
2V/div
VGA GAIN CONTROL
2V/div
VGA GAIN CONTROL
MAX2838toc18
VGA GAIN CONTROL
Rx DC OFFSET SETTLING RESPONSE
(-16dB BB VGA GAIN STEP)
MAX2838toc17
2V/div
MAX2838toc16
Rx DC OFFSET SETTLING RESPONSE
(+8dB BB VGA GAIN STEP)
10mV/div
10mV/div
10mV/div
10μs/div
10μs/div
MAX2838toc21
VGA GAIN CONTROL
MAX2838toc20
2V/div
Rx BBVGA SETTLING RESPONSE
(-8dB BB VGA GAIN STEP)
Rx BBVGA SETTLING RESPONSE
(+8dB GAIN STEP)
MAX2838toc19
Rx DC OFFSET SETTLING RESPONSE
(-32dB BB VGA GAIN STEP)
10μs/div
100mV/div
100mV/div
10mV/div
2V/div
10μs/div
200ns/div
MAX2838toc24
MAX2838toc23
500mV/div
1V/div
VGA GAIN CONTROL
Rx LNA SETTLING RESPONSE
(MAX TO MAX - 8dB)
Rx BBVGA SETTLING RESPONSE
(-32dB GAIN STEP)
MAX2838toc22
2V/div
VGA GAIN CONTROL
200ns/div
200ns/div
Rx BBVGA SETTLING RESPONSE
(-16dB GAIN STEP)
500mV/div
2V/div
VGA GAIN CONTROL
2V/div
VGA GAIN CONTROL
200ns/div
2V/div
LNA GAIN CONTROL
1μs/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
11
MAX2838
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
Rx LNA SETTLING RESPONSE
(MAX TO MAX - 16dB)
Rx BB FREQUENCY RESPONSE
Rx BB FREQUENCY RESPONSE
0
1
0
RESPONSE (dB)
RESPONSE (dB)
LNA GAIN CONTROL
-20
-30
-40
-1
-2
-3
-50
-4
-60
-5
-6
-70
0.1
1μs/div
1
10
0.1
100
395
774
645
996
MAX2838toc29
MEAN = 0
DEV = 51.8mV
SAMPLE SIZE = 7839
10
100
HISTOGRAM: Rx STATIC DC OFFSET
HISTOGRAM: Rx PHASE IMBALANCE
MAX2838toc28
HISTOGRAM: IQ GAIN IMBALANCE
474
1
FREQUENCY (MHz)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
MEAN = 0
DEV = 0.11878°
SAMPLE SIZE = 7841
MEAN = 0
DEV = 0.23981mV
SAMPLE SIZE = 7841
830
316
516
664
237
387
498
158
258
332
79
129
166
MAX2838toc30
2V/div
MAX2838toc27
2
MAX2838toc26
MAX2838toc25
10
-10
500mV/div
1σ/div
1σ/div
1σ/div
POWER-ON DC OFFSET CANCELLATION
WITH INPUT SIGNAL
POWER-ON DC OFFSET CANCELLATION
WITHOUT INPUT SIGNAL
TRANSMITTER
200mV/div
ENABLE
10mV/div
MAX2838toc32
2V/div
157
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
ENABLE
Tx SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
160
MAX2838toc31b
2V/div
MAX2838toc31a
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
+85°C
154
151
-40°C
+25°C
148
145
4.00μs/div
2μs/div
2.7
3.0
3.3
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
12
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
3.6
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
-40°C TX GAIN SET TO MAX - 3dB
2
CHANNEL BW = 12MHz
-30
CHANNEL BW = 1.75MHz
-50
0
-1
POUT (dBm)
RESPONSE (dB)
0
-20
-40
Tx OUTPUT POWER vs. FREQUENCY
4
MAX2838toc33a
1
CHANNEL BW = 20MHz
-10
RESPONSE (dB)
MAX2838toc33
CHANNEL BW = 28MHz
0
Tx BASEBAND FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2
MAX2838toc34
Tx BASEBAND FREQUENCY RESPONSE
10
-2
-3
-2
+25°C
+85°C
-4
-4
CHANNEL BW = 1.5MHz
-60
-6
-5
CHANNEL BW = 5MHz
1
10
100
0.1
1
10
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Tx OUTPUT POWER vs. GAIN SETTING
Tx OUTPUT SPECTRUM
3500
POUT = 0dBm
CS (dBc)
MASK
+25°C
3700
3800
3900
TX GAIN SET TO MAX - 3dB
-40
+85°C
-45
-30
3600
Tx CARRIER SUPPRESSION vs. FREQUENCY
-35
-40°C
-10
3400
FREQUENCY (MHz)
MAX2838toc36
MAX2838toc35
3300
100
FREQUENCY (MHz)
10
POUT (dBm)
-8
-6
0.1
10dB/div
MAX2838toc37
-70
-40°C
-50
-55
+25°C
+85°C
-60
-50
-65
-70
-70
16
32
48
64
3.583GHz
3300
3.625GHz
3400
Tx CARRIER SUPPRESSION vs.
GAIN SETTING
-30
+85°C
TX GAIN SET TO MAX - 3dB
3700
3800
+25°C
-40
-35
-40°C
-30
MAX2838toc39
-25
3900
+85°C
-40
-45
-40°C
SS (dBc)
-50
-40
SS (dBc)
CS (dBc)
3600
Tx SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION vs.
GAIN SETTING
Tx SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2838toc38
-20
-30
3500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
TX GAIN CODE
MAX2838toc40
0
-60
-50
-50
-40°C
-60
-70
-55
+25°C
+85°C
-60
+25°C
-70
-80
-65
-70
-90
0
16
32
TX GAIN CODE
48
64
-80
3300
3400
3500
3600
3700
FREQUENCY (MHz)
3800
3900
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
TX GAIN CODE
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
13
MAX2838
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
0
fLO
-10
(dBm)
0.8
MEAN = -46.235dBc
DEV = 5.1577dB
SAMPLE SIZE = 7841
310
fLO / 3
-20
1.2
372
MAX2838toc42
10
MAX2838toc41
1.6
EVM (%)
HISTOGRAM: Tx LO LEAKAGE
Tx OUTPUT EMISSION SPECTRUM
2.0
MAX2838toc43
EVM vs. Tx OUTPUT POWER (64 QAM
FUSC, 10MHz CHANNEL BANDWIDTH)
248
fLO x 4/3 f x 2
LO
-30
186
-40
-50
124
-60
0.4
-70
0
-80
-90
-40
-30
-20
-10
62
0Hz
0
26.5GHz
1σ/div
POUT (dBm)
SYNTHESIZER
HISTOGRAM: Tx SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION
40
20
(dB)
10
252
0
-10
168
-20
-30
84
3.3GHz
-40
3.6GHz
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3.9GHz
-50
30kHz
1σ/div
4.0
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
30
336
4.2
MAX2838toc46
50
MAX2838toc45
420
MEAN = -47.856dBc
DEV = 2.8827dB
SAMPLE SIZE = 7841
LO FREQUENCY vs.
DIFFERENTIAL TUNE VOLTAGE
Tx OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2838toc44
504
3.0
6.0GHz
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
DIFFERENTIAL TUNE VOLTAGE (V)
CHANNEL-SWITCHING FREQUENCY SETTLING
VCO GAIN vs. DIFFERENTIAL TUNE VOLTAGE (3.3GHz TO 3.9GHz, MANUAL VCO SUB-BAND SELECTION)
-70
180.00
160.00
VCO GAIN (MHz/V)
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120
50kHz
140.00
120.00
10kHz/div
100.00
80.00
60.00
-130
40.00
-140
20.00
-150
0.0001
MAX2838toc48
-60
-50kHz
0.00
0.001
0.01
0.1
OFFSET FREQUENCY (MHz)
14
200.00
MAX2838toc47
-50
MAX2838toc49a
PHASE NOISE vs. OFFSET FREQUENCY
PHASE NOISE (dBc/Hz)
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
1
10
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
DIFFERENTIAL TUNE VOLTAGE (V)
2.5
0
99.69
TIME (μs)
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
CHANNEL-SWITCHING FREQUENCY SETTLING
(3.9GHz TO 3.3GHz, AUTOMATIC VCO
SUB-BAND SELECTION)
CHANNEL-SWITCHING FREQUENCY SETTLING
(3.9GHz TO 3.3GHz, MANUAL VCO SUB-BAND SELECTION)
10kHz/div
MAX2838toc49c
50kHz
MAX2838toc49b
50kHz
10kHz/div
-50kHz
-50kHz
0
99.69
0
1.998
TIME (μs)
TIME (ms)
CHANNEL-SWITCHING FREQUENCY SETTLING
(3.3GHz TO 3.9GHz, AUTOMATIC VCO
SUB-BAND SELECTION)
2V/div
RXTX
RXTX
2V/div
1kHz/div
1kHz/div
10kHz/div
MAX2838toc51
MAX2838toc50
MAX2838toc49d
50kHz
Tx-TO-Rx TURNAROUND FREQUENCY
GLITCH SETTLING
Rx-TO-Tx TURNAROUND FREQUENCY
GLITCH SETTLING
FREQUENCY ERROR
FREQUENCY ERROR
-50kHz
0
1.998
4μs/div
4μs/div
TIME (ms)
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
15
MAX2838
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C, fLO = 3.6GHz, fREF = 40MHz, CS = high, RXHP = SCLK = DIN = low, RF BW = 7MHz, using the MAX2838
Evaluation Kit.)
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
B3
B2
TXRF+
TXRF-
RX/TX GAIN
CONTROL
B1
RXBBI-
RXBBI+
VCCRXVGA
RXHP
VCCRXFL
TXBBI-
TXBBI+
TXBBQ-
33
TEMP SENSOR
RSSI
5
RSSI
MUX
32
90°
6
31
SERIAL
INTERFACE
0°
7
30
IMUX/QMUX
8
9
CS
29
SCLK
AM
DETECTOR
28
10
27
MAX2838
11
26
PLL
REFERENCE
SERIAL INTERFACE BUFFER
12
PABIAS
13
14
15
16
17
18
÷
19
20
SERIAL
INPUTS
SERIAL
REFERENCE
REFERENCE
CLOCK
INPUTS
CLOCK BUFFER
OUTPUT
INPUT
16
34
25
21
22
23
RXBBQ+
RXBBQ-
RX Q
OUTPUTS
B6
RX/TX GAIN
CONTROL
B7
RX GAIN
CONTROL
RSSI
DIN
SERIAL
INPUTS
DOUT
SERIAL
INPUTS
EXTVCO+
EXTVCO-
EXTERNAL
VCO INPUT
OR OUTPUT
VCCLO
VCCVCO
VCOBYP
24
GNDVCO
TX OUTPUT
RX/TX GAIN
CONTROL
RX/TX GAIN
CONTROL
37
QMUX
CPOUT-
VCCTXPAD
38
35
CPOUT+
B4
39
TO
RSSI
MUX
GNDCP
RX/TX GAIN
CONTROL
40
4
VCCCP
RXRF-
41
RSSI
REFCLK
RXRF+
42
3
VCCDIG
B5
43
2
CLKOUT
RX/TX GAIN
CONTROL
44
36
SCLK
RX INPUT
45
IMUX
CS
GNDRXLNA
46
RX I OUTPUTS
1
VCCTXMX
VCCRXLNA
47
VCCRXMX
RXTX
ENABLE
48
RX BASEBAND
HPF CONTROL
TX INPUT
MODE
CONTROL
TXBBQ+
MAX2838
Typical Operating Circuit
PLL LOOP
FILTER
______________________________________________________________________________________
www.BDTIC.com/maxim
GNDVCO
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
PIN
NAME
1
VCCRXLNA
2
GNDRXLNA
3
B5
4
RXRF+
5
RXRF-
FUNCTION
LNA Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
LNA Ground
Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 5
LNA Differential Inputs. Inputs are internally DC-coupled. Two external series capacitors and one
shunt inductor match the inputs to 100Ω differential.
6
B4
7
VCCTXPAD
Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 4
8
B3
Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 3
9
B2
Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 2
10
TXRF+
11
TXRF-
Supply Voltage for Power-Amplifier Driver. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
Power-Amplifier Driver Differential Output. Outputs are internally DC-coupled. Two external series
capacitors and one shunt inductor match the outputs to 100Ω differential.
12
B1
13
PABIAS
14
VCCTXMX
15
CS
Chip-Select Logic Input of 4-Wire Serial Interface (See Figure 1)
16
SCLK
Serial-Clock Logic Input of 4-Wire Serial Interface (See Figure 1)
17
CLKOUT
Reference Clock Divided Output
18
VCCDIG
Digital Circuit Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
19
REFCLK
Reference Clock Input
20
VCCCP
PLL Charge-Pump Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
21
GNDCP
Charge-Pump Circuit Ground
22
CPOUT+
23
CPOUT-
Differential Charge-Pump Output. Connect the frequency synthesizer’s loop filter between CPOUT+
and CPOUT- (see the Typical Operating Circuit).
24
GNDVCO
VCO Ground
25
VCOBYP
On-Chip VCO Regulator Output Bypass. Bypass with a 1µF capacitor to GND. Do not connect other
circuitry to this point.
26
VCCVCO
VCO Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
27
VCCLO
28
EXTVCO-
29
EXTVCO+
30
DOUT
Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 1
Transmit PA Bias DAC Output
Transmitter Upconverter Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
LO Generation Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
External VCO Differential Input or Output. Input for slave configuration and output for master
configuration. Leave unconnected for single configuration.
Data Logic Output of 4-Wire Serial Interface (See Figure 1)
31
DIN
Data Logic Input of 4-Wire Serial Interface (See Figure 1)
32
RSSI
RSSI or Temperature Sensor Multiplexed Analog Output
33
B7
Receiver Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 7
34
B6
Receiver and Transmitter Gain-Control Logic Input Bit 6
35
RXBBQ-
36
RXBBQ+
37
RXBBI-
38
RXBBI+
39
VCCRXVGA
Receiver Baseband Q-Channel Differential Outputs. In Tx calibration mode, these pins are the LO
leakage and sideband detector outputs.
Receiver Baseband I-Channel Differential Outputs. In Tx calibration mode, these pins are the LO
leakage and sideband detector outputs.
Receiver VGA Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
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17
MAX2838
Pin Description
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
MAX2838
Pin Description (continued)
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
40
RXHP
41
VCCRXFL
42
TXBBI-
43
TXBBI+
44
TXBBQ+
45
TXBBQ-
46
VCCRXMX
47
RXTX
Mode Control Logic Input. See Table 1 for operating modes.
48
ENABLE
Mode Control Logic Input. See Table 1 for operating modes.
—
EP
Receiver Baseband AC-Coupling Highpass Corner Frequency Control Logic Input. Connect to
ground if not being used.
Receiver Baseband Filter Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
Transmitter Baseband I-Channel Differential Inputs
Transmitter Baseband Q-Channel Differential Inputs
Receiver Downconverters Supply Voltage. Bypass with a capacitor as close as possible to the pin.
Exposed Paddle. Connect to the ground plane with multiple vias for proper operation and heat
dissipation. Do not share with any other pin grounds and bypass capacitors’ ground.
Table 1. Operating Mode for MIMO Master and Single Configuration (Note 5)
MODE CONTROL LOGIC INPUTS
MODE
CIRCUIT BLOCK STATES
SPI REG 16,
D1:D0 (Note 6)
ENABLE
PIN
RXTX PIN
Rx PATH
Tx PATH
PLL, VCO
CLOCK
OUT
CALIBRATION
SECTIONS
ON
SHUTDOWN
xx
0
0
Off
Off
Off
Off
None
STANDBY (Note 7)
01
0
1
Off
Off
On
On
None
CLOCK OUT
00 (Note 11)
0
1
Off
Off
Off
On
None
Rx
01
1
1
On
Off (Note 8)
On
On
None
Tx
01
1
0
Off
On
On
On
None
Tx CALIBRATION
(Note 9)
11
1
0
Off
On
(except PA
driver)
On
On
AM detector
+ RX I,Q
buffers
Rx CALIBRATION
(Note 10)
11
1
1
On
(except
LNA)
On
(except PA
driver)
On
On
Loopback
Note 5: Set SPI Reg 24 D1:D0 = “00” for single-transceiver mode of operation. Set SPI Reg 16 D4:D3 = “11,” Reg 24 D8 = “1,” Reg
24 D1:D0 = “01” for MIMO master configuration.
Note 6: Unused states of SPI Reg 16, D1:D0 above are not tested, and therefore, should not be used.
Note 7: Parts of transceiver may be selectively enabled.
Note 8: PA bias DAC may be kept active in these non-transmit mode(s) by SPI programming.
Note 9: Set SPI Reg 5 D5 = “1” to mux AM detector output to RXBB pins.
Note 10: Set SPI Reg 26 D3 = “1.”
Note 11: CLKOUT signal is active independent of the states of SPI Reg 16, D1:D0, and is only dependent on the states of ENABLE
and RXTX pins. However, to ensure that the rest of the chip is off when the CLKOUT is active in the clock-out mode, set SPI
Reg 16, D1:D0 to “00” as shown above.
18
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3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
MODE CONTROL LOGIC INPUTS
MODE
CIRCUIT BLOCK STATES
SPI REG 16,
D1:D0 (Note 4)
ENABLE
PIN
RXTX PIN
Rx PATH
Tx PATH
PLL, VCO
CLOCK
OUT
CALIBRATION
SECTIONS
ON
SHUTDOWN
xx
0
0
Off
Off
Off
Off
None
STANDBY (Note 7)
01
0
1
Off
Off
Off
On
None
CLOCK OUT
00 (Note 11)
0
1
Off
Off
Off
On
None
Rx
01
1
1
On
Off (Note 8)
Off
On
None
Tx
01
1
0
Off
On
Off
On
None
Tx CALIBRATION
(Note 9)
11
1
0
Off
On
(except PA
driver)
Off
On
AM detector
+ RX I,Q
buffers
Rx CALIBRATION
(Note 10)
11
1
1
On
(except
LNA)
On
(except PA
driver)
Off
On
Loop-back
Note 12: Set SPI Reg 16 D4:3 = “00,” Reg 24 D8 = “0,” Reg 24 D1:0 = “10” to select the MIMO slave configuration.
Detailed Description
Configurations
The MAX2838 can be configured in a) single mode, for
non-MIMO or SISO applications, b) MIMO master
mode, and c) MIMO slave mode. Options b) and c) are
for MIMO applications where a coherent LO is required
for all transmitters and all receivers.
Modes of Operation
The modes of operation for the MAX2838 are clock-out,
shutdown, standby, Tx, Rx, Tx calibration, and Rx calibration. See Table 1 for a summary of the modes of
operation. The logic input pins—RXTX (pin 47) and
ENABLE (pin 48)—control the various modes.
Shutdown Mode (Complete IC Power-Down)
All circuit blocks are powered down, except the 4-wire
serial bus and its internal programmable registers.
Current drain is the minimum possible with the supply
voltages applied. If the digital supply voltage is applied
at the VCCDIG pin, the registers can be loaded.
Standby Mode
PLL, VCO, and LO generation blocks are ON, so that
Tx or Rx modes can be quickly enabled from this
mode. These and other blocks may be selectively
enabled in this mode.
Rx Mode
All Rx circuit blocks are powered on and active.
Antenna signal is applied; RF is downconverted, filtered, and buffered at Rx BB I & Q outputs.
Tx Mode
All Tx circuit blocks are powered on. The external PA is
powered on after a programmable delay.
Clock-Out Only
Only the clock-out signal is active on the CLKOUT pin.
The clock output divider is also functional. The rest of
the transceiver is powered down.
Rx Calibration
Part of the Rx and Tx circuit blocks except the LNA and
PA driver are powered on and active. The transmitter
IQ input signal is upconverted to RF and at the output
of the Tx gain control (VGA). It is fed to the receiver at
the input of the downconverter. Either or both of the two
receiver channels can be connected to the transmitter
and powered on. The I/Q lowpass filters are not present
in the transmitter signal path (they are bypassed).
Tx Calibration
All Tx circuit blocks except the PA driver and external
PA are powered on and active. The AM detector and
receiver I/Q channel buffers are also on, along with
multiplexers in receiver side to route this AM detector’s
signal to each I and Q differential lines.
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19
MAX2838
Table 2. Operating Mode for MIMO Slave Configuration (Note 12)
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
Chip Information
Programmable Registers and
4-Wire SPI-Interface
PROCESS: BiCMOS
The MAX2838 includes 32 programmable 16-bit registers. The most significant bit (MSB) is the read/write
selection bit. The next 5 bits are register addresses.
The 10 least significant bits (LSBs) are register data.
Register data is loaded through the 4-wire
SPI/MICROWIRE™-compatible serial interface. Data at
the DIN pin is shifted in MSB first and is framed by CS.
When CS is low, the clock is active, and input data is
shifted at the rising edge of the clock. During the read
mode, register data selected by address bits is shifted
out to the DOUT pin at the falling edges of the clock. At
CS rising edge, the 10-bit data bits are latched into the
register selected by address bits. See Figure 1.
MICROWIRE is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corp.
DOUT
DON’T CARE
DIN
BIT 1
BIT 2
BIT 5
BIT 6
BIT 13
BIT 14
SCLK
tCH
tCS1
tDS
CS
tCL
tCSO
tDH
tCSS
tCSH
tCSW
SPI REGISTER WRITE
DOUT
DON’T CARE
BIT 6
BIT 13
BIT 14
tD
DIN
BIT 1
BIT 2
BIT 5
DON’T CARE
SCLK
CS
SPI REGISTER READ
Figure 1. 4-Wire SPI Serial-Interface Timing Diagram
20
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3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
DOCUMENT NO.
48 TQFN-EP
T4866+2
21-0141
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21
MAX2838
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
MAX2838
3.3GHz to 3.9GHz
Wireless Broadband RF Transceiver
Revision History
PAGES
CHANGED
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
10/07
Initial release
—
1
8/08
Removed CLKOUT frequency divide-by-1 ratio in AC Electrical
Characteristics—Frequency Synthesis table
7
DESCRIPTION
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
22 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2008 Maxim Integrated Products
is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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