SPES project status - INFN-LNL

The SPES Project @ LNL
Selective Production of Exotic
Species
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES project
SPES is part of the INFN Road Map
for the Nuclear Physics.
Main goal: ISOL facility to perform
nuclear physics research with
neutron-rich re-accelerated beams.
Host laboratory: Laboratori Nazionali
di Legnaro
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
The INFN Legnaro Laboratory
(brief introduction)
Elettrostatic Accelerators
- Tandem XTU (16 MV)
- Van der Graff (7 MV)
- An 2000 (2 MV)
SC RFQ injector
- Piave
SC Linac
- Alpi
(Veq=40MeV)
RIB Facility planned
- SPES (ISOL)
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Main SPES project parts
• 2 RIB production stations by ISOL UCx direct target
• Proton driver: cyclotron with 2 exit ports
• RIB handling with 1/20000 HRMS
• RIB re-acceleration by PIAVE-ALPI supercondictive
RFQ-LINAC
• Neutron facility by high current Proton RFQ (TRASCO):
LENOS and BNCT applications
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
The SPES Project @ LNL
Multi user project
Applied Physics
with proton beam
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES scheme : RIB ISOL facility
Similar to HRIBF-EXCYT
scheme
proton driver:Cyclotron
UCx ISOL target 30gr
8kW 1013 f/s
HV platform
(Pre-accleration)
1+  n+
Isobar separator
Charge Breeder
PIAVE-ALPI
(re-accelerator)
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
The SPES
components
and project status
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Stopping Power & Fission Cross Section for p-> UCx
SPES project 2007:
Direct Target
Barn & MeV/dg*cm2.
4,5
4
Dump:
graphite
3,5
3
Fission Cross Section
Stopping Power
2,5
Target: UCx (30gr)
2
1,5
1
0,5
0
2
6
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
42
46
Operating temperature: 2000oC
50
Proton Energy (MeV)
1013 fissions/sec
Fission
efficiency  100p per
1.5 Fission
Fragments
UCx discs
Tantalum
Heather
Graphite
container
Exotic beam:
1+
Power density in UCx = 70W/gr
Basic ideas:
- MULTIPLE UCX SLICES : increase the surface radiation area (P= ε·σ·S· T4 Stefan-Boltzmann law)
- GRAPHITE DUMP : send the proton with low fission rate & high stopping power value
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES Target developments
1
NODAL SOLUTION
FEB 11 2007
23:44:17
STEP=1
SUB =1
TIME=1
Y
SEQV
(AVG)
DMX =.571E-03
X
Z
SMN =.797E+07
SMX =.198E+09
Mechanical Development
MX
MN
- Thermo-Mechanical Calculation
- Target Handling radiation hard system
.797E+07
.502E+08
.291E+08
.925E+08
.714E+08
.135E+09
.114E+09
.177E+09
.156E+09
.198E+09
Target SPES
- CAD mechanical drawings
- Development of target prototypes
- Front- end & new devices
Material Development
- Carbide productions
- Carbide characterizations
- New porous material
* UC2 pdf # 84-1344
§ Graphite pdf #
1,0
*
0,8
Intensity
- New characterization methods
§
0,6
*
0,4
*
*
*
*
0,2
§
*
*
**
*** *
0,0
20
40
60
2
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
80
100
Effect of Uranium Oxide precursor
on UCx bulk Density and Porosity
Final Bulk Density
Cold pressing conditions:
P= 750 Mpa, 1h
4.4
UO2+6C
U3O8+20C
UO3+7C
UC2+2C+2CO
3UC2+6C+8CO
UC2+2C+3CO
-3
Constraint: U/C ratio = 1/4
 g*cm )
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
P=375 Mpa, 1h
3.0
UO2
U3O8
UO3
Effect on grain size and shape
UCx from UO2
UCx from U3O8
5mm
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
UCx from UO3
5mm
Gianfranco Prete
Alberto Andrighetto 2008
5mm
High Temperature Test Bench
SPES target prototype
with 7 SiC Ф=40 mm. discs
Thermal conductivity
Emissivity
1,0
50
0,9
0,8
0,7
0,6

0,5
0,4
0,3
SiCA (hexagonal, bulk)
SiCG (hexagonal, bulk)
SiC xycarb (cubic, porous)
Al2O3
Graphite (fine)
LaCx
0,2
0,1
0,0
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Thermal conductivity (W/m^2*K)
45
40
35
30
DATASHEET
25
Past work
New experimental apparatus
20
15
10
5
2000
0
T (°C)
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
Mean temperature (°C)
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
1400
1500
1600
1700
Next actions for target
2 microA, 1800°C
5 microA, 1800°C
Aluminum Isotopic Chain
ORNL-HRIBF
10 microA, 1800°C
12 microA, 1800°C
100000
2 microA, 1600°C
Counts/s
10000
1000
100
10
24.5
25
25.5
26
26.5
27
27.5
28
28.5
29
29.5
Mass (amu)
On line test of
target material
ISOLDE
TASK3_Direct Target
Install Test bench at LNS
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
OnLine Test Bench
at LNS
Tape transport system
120
100
290
150
50
100
245
CS proton beam
100nA 30-70MeV
160
132
(Distances in cm)
205
64
150
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Spes front-end
The SPES Ion Sources
Ionization schema with a Surface ionizer coupled to a Laser beam
Surface ionization
Laser ionization
laser
Ion
Atom
Laser beam
Atom
Ion
continuum
Hot surface
Ionization
energy
continuum
< 9 - 10 eV
< 5-6 eV
Ionization
energy
Ground state
Fermi
energy
Hot surface
Work function
Ground state
Conductive band
Ground state
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Excited
states
Pavia Laser lab
(Piero Benetti INFN Pavia)
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
The PIAVE Superconductive RFQ
From October 2006: Regular Operation
1.
ECRIS
The
PIAVE Superconductive
RFQ
ALPI injector
β=0.0089
1.► 2. 90% 2. ► 3. 68% 3. ►
4.Output
85%with the two Injectors
ALPI
to ALPI booster
Transmission
QWRs
Tandem+ALPI (G-F) (some pnA)
3.
30
β=0.047
PIAVE+ALPI
(some 10
pnA)
B
3H-B
SRFQs
E/A [MeV/u]
LEBT
2.
20
TDB
10
PIAVE+ALPI
XTU+ALPI
0
0
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
50
100
A 150
200
250
4.
The ALPI post accelerator
Superconductive
linac based on
QW resonators.
2003: Up graded
to Veq ~ 40 MV
Nb/ Cu spattered
cavities
or bulk Nb
cavities
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
The ALPI post accelerator
High b not
installed
Year
Eacc [MV/m]
2006
CR03
CR04->CR06
CR07->CR20
CR21->CR26
238 28+
U
132
Sn16+
Energy [MeV/A] 132 19+
Xe
132
Xe26+
Energy [MeV/A] 132Xe 40÷44+
with stripper
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
0
3
3.6
2007
0
0
3.5
3.5
3.6
4.2
4.96
5.21
6.13
6.39
9.1
132
Xe 41÷45+
5.84
6.2
6.7
7
7.15
8
9.6 10.8
10.6 12.8
13
Gianfranco Prete
2008
6
6
3.5
6
4.5
4.5
6.6
7.5
8.9
6
6
4.5
5.5
9.9
10.3
12.1
16.1
20
22.8
Accelerated RIBs from U fission
Proton driver: 40-50 MeV, 10 mA
upgrade to 20 mA
Direct target: UCx
Fission rate: 4x1011 f/s
SPES expected beam
intensities :
at least 20 times HRIBF
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Some expected Beams at SPES
Accelerated RIB beams
1,00E+10
132Sn
1,00E+09
1,00E+08
Kr
In
intensity (sec-1)
Sr
Ag
1,00E+07
Sn
Cs
1,00E+06
Ga
1,00E+05
ionization efficiencies:
(1+) 30% and (n+) 4%
(1+) 90% and (n+) 12% for Kr and Xe,
1,00E+04
1,00E+03
1,00E+02
Transport efficiency 50%
1,00E+01
1,00E+00
70
80
90
100
110
mass
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
120
130
140
150
Neutron rich beams expected at SPES facility
Element
Mass
Most Intense
isotope
(1/s)
Ionization
Eff (%)
Target
Source
Surface Ionization
Laser Ionization
R&D
(difficulty)
Ni
65-69
10+6
6
UCx
LIS
**
Cu
66-76
10+6
7
UCx
LIS
**
Zn
72-79
10+6
5
UCx
LIS
**
Ga
72-84
10+6
20
UCx
LIS
**
Ge
75-84
10+7
3
UCx
LIS
***
Rb
86-94
10+9
65
UCx
SIS
*
Sr
89-96
10+8
UCx
SIS+LIS
***
Y
90-97
10+7
UCx
LIS
****
Pd
111-118
10+7
UCx
LIS
****
Ag
110-120
10+8
14
UCx
LIS
**
Cd
115-124
10+8
10
UCx
LIS
**
In
116-128
10+8
15
UCx
SIS+LIS
**
Sn
123-134
10+9
15
UCx
LIS
**
Sb
124-135
10+8
3
UCx
LIS
***
Te
129-138
10+7
UCx
LIS
****
Cs
134-144
10+9
UCx
SIS
*
Ba
139-146
10+8
UCx
SIS+LIS
***
La
141-145
10+6
UCx
SIS+LIS
***
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
85
Gianfranco Prete
The driver cyclotron
(Commercial solution chosen)
IBA C70 characteristics: (possible candidate)
• Diameter < 4m
• Weight > 120t
•
Magnetic Gap: 30mm
•
Magnetic field: 1.55T
•
Extraction Radius: 1.2m
SPES design
• 2 exit ports
• Particles: H- / D- / He2+/ HH+
• Variable Energy : 15 MeV  70 MeV
• extraction Systems:
 Stripper  H- / D Deflector  He2+/ HH+
• Performances:
 750µA H-  70MeV
 35µA He2+  70MeV
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
IBA C70 cyclotron:
Gianfranco Prete
RIB transport lines
20 m
TIS – RF Cooler - WienFilter
(60kV extraction + 250kV platform)
CBMS
1/2500
Charge Breeder
(HVplatform 250kV)
HRMS
8m
1/15000
15 m
cryopanel
43 m
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
High Resolution Mass Separator
Second stage of the EXCYT
isobaric mass separator
Comparison of the main parameters
of the EXCYT and the SPES
mass spectrometer.
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Project name
EXCYT
SPES
Number of dipoles
2
2
Bending Angle
90°
110°
Bending radius
2.6 m
2.6 m
Entrance/exit angle
12.8°
32°
Magnetic field range
0.6 - 4.4 kGauss
1.0 - 4.4 kGauss
beam size at analysis slits
0.4 mm
0.4 mm
Teta acceptance
40 mrad
40 mrad
(x,x’) emittance
4  mm.mrad
4  mm.mrad
Y beam size
2 mm
2 mm
Phi acceptance
10 mrad
10 mrad
(y,y’) emittance
4  mm.mrad
5  mm.mrad
Resolving power
>15.000
>20.000
Dispersion
16 m
28 m
Gianfranco Prete
Which Charge Breeder?
EBIS or ECR ??
REXEBIS+REXTRAP
Pulsed mode
PHOENIX booster
CW mode
Efficiency
15  4%
10  2% broader
charge state
distribution
Breeding time
From 13 to 500ms depending on A
100 ms to 300ms
A/q
2 – 4.5
4–8
A
No real limitation
Injection difficult A<40
Mode
Pulsed
Continuous or pulsed
Imax
few nA
1 μA
Beam
emittance
15-20 mm·mrad (95% geometrical)
for 20·q keV – measured
10 mm·mrad at 19.5*q keV
(90%)
Background
Beside residual gas peaks <0.1pA
Usually >2nA
Reliability
Cathode is fragile (could be solved
with different gun design) and
overall system complex
Robust and simple
Eurisol_DS Task9 preliminary report 2008
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES
Neutron facility
Nuclear medicine research: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy.
Measurement of Maxwellian Averaged Cross Section (MACS):
the quantity needed for the calculation of the stellar reaction rate.
Irradiation facility: production of nuclear data (neutron capture cross section)
for nuclear energy, new technologies, international agencies (NEA,IAEA)
Radiation hardness studies on electronics and detectors for
High Energy Physics, Space and Avionic applications
Radiobiology application: cell irradiation facility complementary to
actual radiobiology facility at ALPI and CN
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
TRIPS Ion Source
(developed by LNS and
operated at LNL)
TRASCO
HIGH CURRENT proton linac
5MeV 30-50mA
RFQ construction: status
• 6/6 modules machined
• RFQ1 and RFQ2 brazed and accepted
• RFQ3 first brazing performed
LNS (Catania)
•LEA-COLLIGA
All modules
brazed within 2008 Gianfranco Prete Brazing process performed at CERN
October 13 - 15 2008
Neutron Beam
Lithium target
Irradiation facility:
2 experimental halls
Berillium target
Astrophysics and irradiation
BNCT
Neutron Flux = 51010 n cm2 s-1
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Thermal neutron beam at
exit port of moderator:
109 n cm-2 s-1
Radiation safety
issues
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Target radioactivity
Calculated g dose. The radius of the
anticorodal sphere is r=15.5cm.
Neutron doses.
Radius of
the
sphere
(cm)
Average
neutron
flux
-2
(cm s-1)
Average neutron
ambient dose
equivalent
H*(10) (Sv/h)
15.5
1.91010
2.5104
100
3.9108
5.4102
cooling
days
g source
s-1
Max g dose on the
anticorodal sphere
surface
3
1.6·1012
6 Sv/h
365
3.7·109
13 mSv/h
Target inventory evaluated by ENEA
Irradiation = 30 days
Produced actinides:
U236 (0.34 mg), Np 237 (0.52 mg), Pu236 (0.10 mg), Pu239 (5 mg)
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Target Activation
At ISOLDE ‘ .. monitor BLM at
2.3 m from target indicates 12
Gy/h for U-runs ..’
From ‘RADIATION PROTECTION ISSUES
WITH ACTINIDE TARGETS AT ISOLDE’
Talk: A. DORSIVAL, CERN-SC-RP
First Workshop on Actinide Target Development
April 27-29, 2006
From ‘The SPES target – Power
deposition and preliminary
radiation protections analyses’
At SPES : Total Dose at 2.3 m
from the target forseen 100
Sv/h for UCx -> ~ 10 Gy/h
C. Petrovich ENEA Report FPNP815-007
-> Same dose as ISOLDE
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco
Prete
SPES
TARGET
GROUP
Preliminary project of
safety systems
• Detailed Shielding analisys
• Vacuum pumps Exaust System
• Nuclear Ventilation System
• Cooling and Drainage of controlled area
• Radiation and access Control Systems
Expertise and People
RISK EVALUATION
SAFETY REPORT
D.Zafiropoulos (Qualified Expert)
L.Sarchiapone (FLUKA)
G.Bassato (ControlSystemDesign)
S.Canella (ControlSystemDesign)
M.Giacchini (EPICS)
Palermo University (Nuclear Ingeneering)
Padova Univ. (Nuclear WasteBuilding)
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES project organization
Management board
Advisory
Committee
Project Leader: G.Prete
LNL Director:
G.Puglierin
LNS Director:
M.Lattuada
Technical Coordinator: A.Pisent
Scientific Coordinator: A.Covello
Qualified Espert: D.Zafiropoulos
Task Leaders
Project manager
Steering
Committee
La Rana, Pirrone, Colonna,
Million, Bruno, Lunardi,
Corradi, Casini, Cuttone, Alba
SPES Working Group
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES Working Group
Project Leader: G.Prete
Technical Coordinator
A.Pisent
Scientific Coordinator
A.Covello
Radiation protection Procedures
D.Zafiropoulos
responsible
task
1
Safety, Radiation protection
Control system
F.Gramegna
2
Infrastructure
P.Favaron
3
Direct Target
RIB Sources, Beam Test
A. Andrighetto
4
RIB manipulation
Charge Breeder, Spectrometer
L.Calabretta (interim)
5
High Intensity Proton Driver
Neutron Facility and BNCT
A.Pisent
6
Re-accelerator
G.Bisoffi
7
High Energy Proton Driver
A. Lombardi
8
Scientific support
A. Covello
0
Project Management
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES Collaborations
Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro – Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
Sez INFN: Padova, Milano, Bologna, Catania, Firenze, Napoli, Bari
Ingegneria Meccanica (Sezione Materiali) – Univ. di Padova
Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche – Univ. di Padova
Ingegneria Meccanica (Sezione Progettazione) – Univ. di Padova
Target development
Ingegneria Meccanica (Sezione Meccatronica) – Univ. di Trento
Ingegneria Informatica – Univ. di Padova
ENEA Bologna ENEA Faenza
Ingegneria Nucleare-Univ. di Palermo
(Ing. Energetica Politecnico di Torino)
International collaborations:
ISOLDE-CERN, HRIBF-ORNL
SPIRAL2- Ganil (LEA), ISAC-TRIUMF
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Nuclear safety and radioprotection
Memorandum of Understanding INFN – Ganil
on common technical developments of ISOL facilities
RIB production targets
- R&D program on Uranium Carbide targets;
- design of the target/ion source systems;
- targets test experiments and analysis of results with the objectives to quantify the target efficiency in its final geometry.
- definition of the industrial fabrication method of the SPIRAL2 high density target.
Neutron converter
- design, construction and tests of neutron converter for SPIRAL2;
- definition of the nuclear constraints for the converter of SPIRAL2;
- design of the remote handling system for SPIRAL2.
Safety and radioprotection
-evaluation of the risks due to the operation of the ISOL facilities SPIRAL2 and SPES based on UCx targets;
-study and design of the safety and radioprotection system according to national laws; exchange of qualified personnel competence,
access to documentation, technical drawings and codes for safety and radioprotection;
-design and construction of the cryogenic radioactive gas trapping system for SPES and SPIRAL2;
Accelerator technology
-Beam control system
-high intensity beam diagnostic
-low intensity RIB diagnostic systems
High resolution Mass Separator
-Beam optics study for isotope selection
-Design study for 1/20000 mass spectrometer
Charge Breeder (CB)
-collaboration on the development and construction of CB systems
Gianfranco
Prete
-project of LNS
SPES(Catania)
CB on the basis of the developed SPIRAL2
ECR CB
LEA-COLLIGA
October 13 - 15 2008
SPES – ISOLDE MoU
Target development:
material study
characterization
test
Laser source for RIB:
participation to RILIS development
Radiation safety:
safety report
special services for RIB
risk evaluation
Charge Breeder and Beam Transport:
technical discussions
system design definition
Superconductive Linac cavity development:
Sputtering of Quarter Wave cavities
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
Planning
SPES Project at LNL:
2006-2008: - Prototype study of the Target
- Facility design
2009:
- Authorization requests: safety and
radioprotection
2009-2013: - Facility construction
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES SCHEDULE
2007
2008
2009
Facility design
Target and source prototypes
Authorization to operate
Building construction
Target installation and
commissioning
Completion of RFQ for Neutron
Facility
Installation and commissioning
Neutron Facility
Cyclotron construction
Cyclotron Installation and
commissioning
Alpi preparation for post
acceleration
Installation of RIBs transfer
lines and spectrometer
Complete commissioning
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
2010
2011
2012
2013
SPES Economic plan
kEuro
infrastructures
14840
Target (2 stations)
5900
Beam Transfer
7650
safetyRadioprotection
6000
Cyclotron
8400
Re-accelerator
7000
High Intensity Linac
3600
Neutron Facility BNCT - LENOS
3300
56690
MINIMUM for RIB production only (1 target): 41 Meuro
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
SPES project
status
• Waiting for final SPES approval by INFN (November 2008)
• Preliminary Project in progress (infrastructure and buildings)
• Project ready for construction phase
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete
•
End presentation
LEA-COLLIGA LNS (Catania)
October 13 - 15 2008
Gianfranco Prete