Diapositiva 1 - IIS Fazzini

YOUTH AND ALCOHOL
WHAT PREVENTION?
Dott.ssa Sabrina Vici
Framework for alcohol Policy
in the WHO European Region
The European Region has the highest alcohol consumption in the
world with a consumption that is the double of the world average
rate per person. The alcohol is the third most important risk factor
of death and disability in Europe, and the main risk among the
young people. The alcohol diseases in the European Region are the
double of the world average rate.
The subject of this experience is particularly important, because it
emphasizes society’s deadly complacency about drinking.
Why is public opinion so quick to react 8 sometimes rightly, sometimes in an
exaggerate way) against any threat to health, yet it is hardly worried al all
when, week after week, ten thousands of children and adolescents die as a
result of drinking( more than 57 000 each year in the European Region)?
Why is alcohol treated almost everywhere as a normal consumer product,
widely advertised and available in major retail outlets, yet its consumption by
young people increasingly mirrors patterns of drug use?
Why is it that few studies into the positive health effects of alcohol are widely
reported , yet the many others pointing up its dangers are often ignored?
Who is aware, for instance, of the fact that one in four death among young
men aged 15-29 years is due to alcohol?
Why do we continuing pretending that there are two totally different and
opposing types of drinking: the good way, which gives pleasure and eases
social revolution, and a bad, which leads to alcohol abuse? We now realize
that the boundary between moderate and excessive drinking in a fluid one,
and that people often move from one to the other without acknowledging the
fact.
Marc Danzon: Direttore Generale per l’Europa dell’OMS
Stoccolma 19 febbraio 2001
we can not speak about youth and alcohol
without inserting this problem on a more
general context of the community culture.
“Alcohol policies directed at young people
should be part of a broader societal response,
since drinking among young people to a large
extent reflects the attitudes and practices of
the wider adult society. “
WHO Young People and Alcohol
Stockholm 21 Feb 2001
WHO and EU documents on Young people and Alcohol
• European Charter on Alcohol Paris 2005
All children and adolescents have the right to grow up in an environment
protected from negative consequences of alcohol consumption and, to the
extent possible, from the promotion of alcoholic beverages
• European Commission “Drinking of children and
adolescents” Luxembourg 2001
Raise awareness of the effects of alcohol, in particular among young people
Minimize the risk connected to the alcohol consumption among young people
and his social an health impact. Press the manufacturers for paying attention
on packaging and distribution of alcoholic beverages, not targeting alcohol
products at young people
• Alcohol and Young People conference February 2001 Stockholm
Set the following targets that should be achieved by the year 2006:
1. reduce substantially the number of young people who star consuming alcohol;
2. delay the age of onset of drinking by young people;
3. increase education for young people on alcohol;
4. minimize the pressures on young people to drink, especially in relation to alcohol
promotions, free distribution, advertising, sponsorship and availability, with particular
emphasis on special events;
5. increase young people’s involvement in youth health-related policies, especially alcohol –
related issues.
NATIONAL FRAMEWORK OF CONSUMPTION
•More and more adolescents, above all girls, consume alcohol
•About 900,000 (ISTAT data) young people under 16 usually
drink alcoholic beverages; young drinkers have risen from
781,000 in 1998 to 870,000 in 2002
•In Italy young people between 11 and 12 years of age start
drinking; it is the lowest average age in Europe where the first
approach to drinking is around 14 years
•Rise in the practice of highly risk consumptions such as “binge
drinking”( 5 alcoholic beverages in a row to get drunk) and the
assumption of psychoactive substances together
•There are obvious connections between alcohol, tobacco and
illegal drugs
San Benedetto del tronto City
Alcohol Health Call Service
Social Service
800-239220
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
The research was developed during the school
year 2005-06, between January and February,
among 459 students (217 females and 242 males)
of 12 and 16 years old, all attending the last year
of middle school in San Benedetto del Tronto
The students answered to 23 questions on their
acknowledge on the alcohol properties to draw a
final evaluation of their and their family attitude
on the consumption of alcoholic beverages
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Sex
52,72%
54,00%
47,28%
52,00%
50,00%
48,00%
46,00%
44,00%
female
male
EFFCTS FOR ALCOHOLEMIC EXCESS
Na
Makes you easy
2,8%
3%
Everything seems easier
4,6%
I do not know w hat
alcoholimia is
10%
Giddy fits and stomach-ache
27%
Slow reflexes and sight
damage
53%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
A person w ho drinks alcoholic beverages before driving,
rises the risk of car accidents
53,81%
41,18%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
1,74%
Yes
it depends
on quantity
no
3,27%
do not
know / na
The initiation
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Have you ever drun an alcoholic beverage?
58%
60,0%
50,0%
40,0%
23,5%
17,40%
30,0%
1,10%
20,0%
10,0%
0,0%
never
once
more than
once
na
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Initiation age
19,61%
10,24%
1,09%
te
n
el
ev
en
tw
el
v
th e
i rt
e
fo en
ur
te
en
fi f
te
en
se
ve
n
he
ig
t
ni
ne
si
x
fi v
e
fo
ur
tw
o
20,00%
13,94%
18,00%
11,98%
16,00%
14,00%
12,00%
10,00%
5,23%
8,00%
3,05%
4,58%
2,83%
6,00%
2,61%
4,00%
0,87%
2,00% 0,22%
0,00%
0,22%
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
First alcoholic beverage drunk
48,40%
18,72%
w
20,90%
8,06%
na
3,92%
in
e/
ch
am
li q
pa
ue
gn
ur
e
/s
up
be
er
er
al
co
ho
ba
l ic
ca
...
rd
ib
re
ez
er
50,00%
45,00%
40,00%
35,00%
30,00%
25,00%
20,00%
15,00%
10,00%
5,00%
0,00%
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Who w ere you w ith the first tim e you drank an alcoholic
beverage?
61,44%
80,00%
60,00%
40,00%
17,21%
20,26%
1,09%
20,00%
0,00%
alone
w ith my
family
w ith friends
na
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Is alcoholic beverage tasteful?
66,01%
31,59%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
yes
no/ do not know
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Alcohol consum ers in the last six m onths
52,72%
60,00%
42,70%
40,00%
4,58%
20,00%
0,00%
not drinkers
drinkers
na
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
I like an alcoholic beverage in particular
61,87%
23,09%
80,00%
60,00%
40,00%
20,00%
0,00%
yes
do not know
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Favourite alcoholic beverage
22,88%
21,57%
25,00%
20,00%
12,20%
15,00%
5,23%
10,00%
5,00%
0,00%
w ine
beer
liqueur
bacardi
breezer
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Consum ption context
59,04%
28,10%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
With family
w ith friends
Consumption occasions
Na
3,05%
To celebrate with family, pub, restaurant
1,53%
To have fun with friends during meals
1,53%
To celebrate with family, enjoy with friends
2,61%
To have fun with friend in a pub
2,83%
In a pub or in pizzeria
3,92%
To celebrate with family, if I am sad
4,36%
To celebrate with family, during meals
To have fun with friends
To celebrate with family, in a restaurant
5,45%
6,54%
11,10%
To celebrate with family
Never
35,95%
21,13%
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Have you ever got drunk?
85,84%
100,00%
11,33%
50,00%
0,00%
yes
no
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
When did it happen?
8,71%
10,00%
2,61%
5,00%
0,00%
In special occasions
often
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
Frequency of drinks at the w eekend
68,85%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
19,39%
40,00%
4,79%
30,00%
1,96%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
None
someone
most of the
time
alw ays
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
favourite beverage to exaggerate
20,70%
25,00%
17,65%
20,00%
7,84%
15,00%
10,00%
5,00%
0,00%
w ine
beer
liqueurs
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
I usually go to pub or pizzeria w ith….
64,71%
70,00%
58,82%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
21,57%
18,08%
30,00%
13,29%
Parents
friends
11,11%
20,00%
3,27%
10,00%
2,40%
3,70%
0,00%
sometimes
only at
weekend
more times
during the
week
never
na
3,05%
Città di San Benedetto del Tronto
SERVIZIO RISPOSTE ALCOLOGICHE
Settore attività sociali
It is better to get drunk than to assum e illegal psychoactive
substances
45,32%
39,65%
60,00%
15,03%
40,00%
20,00%
0,00%
yes
no
do not know /na
Summing up…..

Young interviewees’ lifestyle is really worrying

Almost the half of the sample frequent pub or
pizzeria with regularity, they seldom got drunk and
occasionally have “drinks” at the weekend

Both female and male young people of our area do
not respect the WHO advices (Health 21, Target 12)
according that the consumption should be equal
zero for people under 16.





The family is the main context in which
they start drinking
The average age for the first drink is 10.4
years old
The consumption happens above all among
family
The occasions that promote drinking are
family parties
Bacardi breezer and beer are the most
favourite beverages
Family
main
resource
Shocking pink
This survey was carried
out during the school
year 2005/06, between
January and February,
among 594 female
students between 14
and 22 years of age, all
attending high school
in the city of San
Benedetto del Tronto
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
At the m om ent I am attracted/ m ore attracted by….
provoking
23%
joining the fray
in the disco
26%
High speed
14%
drinking
5%
touring clubs
all the night
long
32%
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
When do you usually drink alcoholic beverages?
70,00%
59,43%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
9,43%
10,00%
4,04%
5,72%
0,00%
During
weekends
meals
out of meals
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
both
W ho have I d r unk in t he last t hr ee mo nt hs wit h?
90,00%
76,23%
80,00%
70,00%
59,26%
60,00%
beer
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
super alcoholic drinks
26,43%
20,00% 16,50%
10,00%
wine
35,85%
10,61% 5,39%
7,74%
4,21%
0,00%
Family
friends
partner
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
Where have you drunk in the last three m onths?
90,00%
80,00%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
85,19%
55,89%
48,82%
46,30%
w ine
31,82%
super alcoholic drinks
24,58%
20,00%
10,00%
9,43%8,08%
1,85%
0,00%
At home
beer
in pubs
outside
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
Has it happened that you drank too m uch w ithout
getting drunk?
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
49,83%
28,62%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
16,16%
,n
a
or
e
kn
ow
no
t
do
th
re
e
ti m
es
or
m
ic
e
on
ce
,t
w
N
ev
er
3,03%
Has it happened that you drank too
m uch w ithout getting drunk in the last
three m onths?
47%
53%
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
yes
no
Has it happened that you drank too much till
getting drunk?
74,41%
7,24%
1,68%
tim
ee
th
r
no
t
es
kn
ow
o.
..
,n
a
ice
,t
w
on
ce
ne
ve
r
14,81%
do
80,00%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
Has it happened that you drank too much till getting
drunk in the last three months?
22,05%
yes
no
74,41%
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
opinion:quanto
how much
do your
drink?
 In
A your
tuo giudizio
bevono
i tuoicloser
amici friends
più stretti
55,9
yourgiudizio
opinion:quanto
how much
do your
female
friends drink? 50,6
 In
A tuo
bevono
le tuecloser
amiche
più strette
you judge
theconsumo
alcoholicdibeverages
consumption
 How
Comedogiudichi
il tuo
alcol (0= basso,
100= alto)
51,3
In your opinion:
 Secondo
te, beredrinking
è……… is……
(0= spiacevole, 100= piacevole)
51,1
How dangerous
you thinkl’alcol?
alcohol is?
 Quanto
consideridopericoloso
65,9
(0= low, 100= high)
(0=disagreeable , 100= agreeable)
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
h
as av
se e g
fe
el d w rea
t
be i th
tte
th ti m
ra eo e
m
t
o n h er
s
g
fri
e
fe nds
el
th
gu
in
la
il
k
u
it
gh ty
is
m
t
or
be he
e
l
a
de
st
m
t
on ime
be s tr
at
te
ag ati v
m
e
gr
pt
es
a
si
se
v
xu fee e
l
al
in qui e
te
t
rc
o
be
ur
eu se
p
be hor
an ic
xi
ou
s
fe
el
em
ba
rr
After drinking, has it ever happened to you to…
90,00%
80,00%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
never
sometimes
often
What about being a passenger in a car or on a motorbike
driven by someone who had drunk too much?
80,00%
72,73%
60,00%
40,00%
20,00%
18,35%
6,40%
0,00%
Once-twice
three or more times
no
Have you ever thought to a trick not to get in a car driven by people
w ho had drunk too m uch?
35%
30%
26%
28%
30%
25%
20%
15%
12%
10%
5%
1%
3%
0%
decide not to get in another convince the
go out
car
driver not to
drink
phone
parents,
brothers or
sisters
find a house
convince
nearby to
someone else
sleep
to drive
How much do you think to use one or more of these tricks?
40,00%
29,63%
30,00%
36,36%
22,73%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
little
enough
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
a lot
Have you ever seen fights ( quarrels, row s,…) am ong
people w ho had drunk too m uch?
62,63%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
16,16%
20,00%
20,37%
10,00%
0,00%
never
sometimes
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
often
Have you ever had easier sexual intercourses after
drinking?
90,00%
80,00%
82,32%
70,00%
60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
5,39%
10,00%
9,43%
0,00%
never
sometimes
Fonte: Servizio Risposte Alcologiche-Città di San Benedetto del Tronto-
often
•
The style of consumption of the female adolescents do
not differ from the male adolescents one
•
Alcoholic consumption is characterised by the reach of
the pleasure and amusement
•
Drinking is seen as a positive attitude
•
The low perception of risks and the poor information
on the proprieties of the substance supports the reach
of an easy gratification on drinking
•
We must arise the awareness on the risks, in particular
on alcohol and sexuality, with sensitisation
interventions to this stated target
Summing up
The family has a key role on their children’s
future behaviour
 A National Health Service survey, based on
ISTAT data 1998-203, says the proportion of
teetotal children varies in relation with the type
of consumption adopted by the head of the
family
 The children who live with a drinker head of the
family have a higher risk (26%) to become
drinkers, with the respect of teetotal head of the
family


All scientific evidences first of all underline the
role of the family with respect to precocious
alcohol consumption and to future children
drinking attitudes

Consequently, it is fundamental to considerate
those facts and to involve the family to start a
health promotion intervention

The knowledge of the drinking risks in the youth
should favour the family’s knowledge on the
main role the have in supporting healthy
lifestyles
To realize the Health
Promotion Activities among
youth some considerations
should be done:
HEALTH PROMOTION
FOCUS ON HEALTH AND INDIVIDUAL
“The health promotion is a process that lets
people increase the control on their health and
improve it”
“The health is a positive concept that gives value
to personal and social resources, together with
physic capacities”
OTTAWA CHARTER – W.H.O. 1986
….Young
people,
aresono
notmolto
conformist
1) ….I giovani,
gliadolescents
adolescenti non
of their own; facilitating such inclination and
inclini per natura al conformismo; agevolare tale
encouraging a healthy anti –
inclinazione e incoraggiare in questo caso un
conformism….sometimes young people need to
sano anticonformismo….i giovani a volte hanno
be provoked on the boasted youthful capacity to
bisogno di essere provocati sulla sbandierata
take life and choices in their own hands. If
capacità giovanile di prendere la vita e le scelte
everybody drinks, where the originality is …..
nelle proprie mani. Se tutti bevono dov’è
l’originalità….
Dieci suggerimenti ai genitori per favorire una scelta responsabile
E. Scafato e R. Russo Istituto Superiore di Sanità
3)…
….
Parlare ai
giovani
da quando
sonoare little
Speaking
with
youngfin
people
since they
bambinion
deithe
danni
e dei and
rischi
e
children
damages
thelegati
risks all’alcol
connected
delle
conseguenze
che errate abitudini
di consumo
to
alcohol
and the consequences
that dangerous
possono arrecare
sia in termini
di salute
che inand
consumption
behaviours
can bring
on health
terminiterms
sociali
può
contribuire
ad evitare
le
social
can
contribute
to avoid
falseche
families’
indicazioni poste dai genitori si ammantino di un
integrities..
valore “integralista” o di divieto….
Dieci suggerimenti ai genitori per favorire una scelta responsabile
E. Scafato e R. Russo Istituto Superiore di Sanità
9) Offrire
la casa
agli amici
dei figli eour
coinvolgere
Hosting
at home
and involving
children’s i
figli
nell’organizzazione
di una
festa o di can
un be a
friends
to organize parties
or meetings
semplice
incontro può
essere l’occasione
per
good opportunity
to demonstrate
we can
enjoy
ourselves and
a thoughtless
dimostrare
che live
ci siinpuò
divertire e ottenere un
environment
also ewith
soft anche
drinks:con
we do not
clima
spensierato
allegro
need alcohol to havedi
these
results
and during
l’accompagnamento
bevande
analcoliche
:
the adolescence
a “soft drinks”
friendship questi
and
l’alcol
non è indispensabile
per raggiungere
the supply
soft dell’adolescenza
drinks could be al’esperienza
support on
risultati
e nelofcorso
adoption
of healthy
lifestyleseof
group
dithe
una
convivialità
“analcolica”
lathe
disponibilità
the alle
individual
subject
dibesides
alternative
bevande
alcoliche può agire da
supporto per l’adozione di stili di vita sani del
gruppo oltre che dell’individuo.
Dieci suggerimenti ai genitori per favorire una scelta responsabile
E. Scafato e R. Russo Istituto Superiore di Sanità

10) Vigilare
sui giovani….situazioni
spesso reputate
Supervising
young people….. circumstances
we
thinkpossono
calm could
havecausa
unexpected
consequences
tranquille
essere
di conseguenze
impreviste
among young people
per i giovani.
Nel corso
diauna
in pizzeria
conabove
gli amici,
specie
During
partyserata
in pizzeria
with friends,
all if they
drive se
a motorbike,
there is the possibility
that youngche
people
have
raggiunta
con il motorino,
c’è la possibilità
i giovani
alcoholic
beverages
( It is forbidden
alcoholic
ricevano
bevande
alcoliche
(è vietatoselling
per legge
al disotto
beverages under 16 , but this law is always disregarded)
dei 16 anni ma non sempre la norma è applicata).
*************************************************
Infine, il fattore chiave per incrementare i livelli di
Moreover, the key point to rise the youth’s protection
protezione
della salute dei giovani è mantenere aperti e
levels is to keep opened the communication channels,
attivi i listening
canali diand
comunicazione,
l’ascolto
e
devoting a specificprivilegiando
time to the analysis
of
their un
needs
and problems
dedicando
tempo
ben definito all’analisi delle esigenze
e dei loro problemi.
Dieci suggerimenti ai genitori per favorire una scelta responsabile
E. Scaf ato e R. Russo Istituto Superiore di Sanità
Finally

We should organize sensitization events connected
alcohol risks in all the school, starting from primary
school, with the help of the families who represent
the key factor to reinforce young people’s
knowledge on alcohol before they start drinking.

It is important a sensitization action on young people
on alcohol effects to promote health against alcohol
and its risks at school.

Programs, according to different ages, should
increase youth’s critical capacities through suitably
trained teachers’ support