VHE -ray physics overview

VHE -ray physics overview
-quasar
pulsar
galactic
center
pulsar wind
nebula
AGN
GRBs
shelltype
SNR
origin of
cosmic rays
cosmological
-ray horizon
quantum gravity
effects
cold dark
matter
47 sources above 100 GeV seen by Hess+Magic, only 4 before!
The MAGIC -ray telescope
Barcelona IFAE, UA Barcelona, U. Barcelona, HU Berlin, Instituto Astrofisica Canarias, U.C. Davis,
U. Dortmund, U. Lodz, UCM Madrid, MPI München, INFN/ U. Padua, INFN/ U. Siena, INR Sofia,
Tuorla Observatory, Yerevan Phys. Institute, INFN/ U. Udine, U. Würzburg, ETH Zürich
• Largest CherenkovTelescope:
17 m Ø mirror dish
• 3.5° FoV Camera with 576
enhanced QE PMT’s
• Fast repositioning for GRBs:
average ~30s
• Trigger threshold: 50 GeV
• Analysis threshold: 60 GeV
• Sensitivity: 2.5% Crab / 50 h
• -PSF: ~ 0.1°
• Energy resolution: 20 - 30%
PHYS DATA TAKING EFFICIENCY > 90% with good wheather & moon
(1100 moonless hrs/year + 400 with moon)
Science highlights from MAGIC since 2006
• 18 scientific papers published or in press
• ~15 sources detected
• 5 new extragalactic sources discovered
– Including the prototype of a new family of objects:
LBL AGNs emit VHE gammas!
MAGIC Coll., Discovery of VHE gamma emission
from BL Lac, astro-ph/0703084, subm. to ApJ Lett
• 2 new galactic objects discovered
– Including the prototype of a new family of objects
MAGIC Coll., VHE gamma emission from the
quasar LS I +61 303, Science 312 (06) 1771
Extragalactic VHE -ray sources
15 blazars & 1 radio galaxy
MAGIC observations:
Mrk 421
Mrk 501
1ES2344+514
Mrk 180
1ES1959+650
BL Lac
observer
Blazars:
• AGN with relativistic jet aligned
with observer’s line of sight
• non-thermal emission, highly
variable
• SSC model: Synchrotron+ IC
redshift
z=0.030
z=0.034
z=0.044
z=0.045
z=0.047
z=0.069
z=0.182
z>0.09
1ES1218+308
PG1553+113
• 3 more in pipeline
astro-ph /0603478
astro-ph 0702008
astro-ph /0612383
ApJL 648 (2006) 105
ApJ 639 (2006) 761
astro-ph/0703084
ApJL 642 (2006) 119
ApJL 654 (2007) 119
• VHE -rays: leptonic or hadronic origin?
• Fast flares can be used for tests
light propagation
• Gamma Ray Horizon
 cosmological parameters
on
High time-resolution study of AGN flare
• Variability studies of Mkn 501:
for the 1st time, IC peak detected
• Huge Mkn 501 flare: 4 Crab
intensity, signal more than
doubled wrt baseline
• Intensity variation recorded in
2 minute bins => new, much
stronger, constraints on emission
mechanism and light-speed
dispersion relations (effective
quantum gravity scale).
• O (Mp/100) reached
What’s new – 1 : MAGIC2 & Italy
• Mirror production: @ full speed!
– Blank production started
• 4 mould produced
• 4 mirrors/day production rate
for full production
• 20 blanks already produced
– Mirrors polishing tested
• 7 mirrors fully finshed @LT
to test the full procedure
• ~1 mirror/day
production rate
In summer the production will stop
for lack of funds: only 1/3 of mirrors (80)
financed so far by INFN…
3 new mirrors mounted in the
MAGIC I frame for test
Performing well after > 1 year
What’s new – 2 : the CTA
aims to explore the sky in the 10 GeV
to 100 TeV energy range
Outer array
(smaller telescopes)
Inner array
(larger
telescopes)
builds on demonstrated technologies:
~replicas of MAGIC, HESS in 2 sites
(N/S)
combines guaranteed science with
significant discovery potential
~1000 sources expected
R&D proposal now
INFN leads:
Mirrors
Site section & Infrastructure
If infrastructure financed in 2009, will
take over MAGIC&HESS in 2012
Efficiency @ 5s in 50 hours
Conclusions
Conclusions
• MAGIC is delivering very good physics results
– detected ~15 sources
– discovered 4 new VHE -ray sources
– 18 scientific publications (printed or submitted)
• Cycle2 almost completed: important commitment to test
fundamental physics (DM, Lorentz violation, …)
• A second telescope will see
the first light soon (end 2007?)
2 x better sensitivity 
no. of sources may increase up to ~50
We need money for it…
Richieste
• Sblocco dei SJ (le missioni estere sono state
particolarmente scarse quest’anno: per
risparmiare MAGIC Italia fa turni di 24 notti
consecutive)
• 230 kEUR per l’ottica di MAGIC2 (1/3)
• 240 + 50 + 10 kEUR per elettronica/DAQ di
MAGIC2
• Approvazione del nuovo MoU, nel quale
MAGIC2 e’ esplicitamente incluso
Futuro (fino al 2010)
• Importante interazione con i satelliti gamma
– Dal 2007: Run con AGILE
– Dal 2008: Run con GLAST
E’ fondamentale il completamento di MAGIC2, che
raddoppia l’efficienza, migliora la precisione angolare e
abbassa la soglia energetica. Temibile la concorrenza di
VERITAS, come MAGIC all’emisfero N, che e’ ora operativo
con 3 telescopi e entro l’anno lo sara’ con 4
• Ci si attende di arrivare entro il 2010 a ~30 nuove
sorgenti VHE
• Il numero di FTE, oggi ~30, passera’ a ~35 (contatti
con un nuovo gruppo che si presentera’ a giugno)