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GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
MAY, 1992
5
6
GREEK-AMEKILAIN tcr, viE w
THE MACEDONIAN
QUESTION
The Independence of the Socialist Republic of
Macedonia and its Implications
Reprinted from Athena magazine
T
his article does not attempt to
present in all its complexity the
question which has arisen with
the Skopje state, which is seeking recognition. However, it does single
out those issues which, in my opinion,
are of most significance for the Macedonian Question and which demonstrate:
a) the length of time for which the
Question has existed;
b) the special part played by the issues
discussed, which lie at the heart of the
Macedonian Question, and
c) the continuity which the Question
will have in the future, regardless of
the denominational solution found for
the new international entity.
Some reference to the past is necessary so as to show the length of time
for which the Macedonian Question
has existed. Its history can be divided
into three stages: the first, between the
late 19th - early 20th century and the
Second World War, the second, in the
post-War period, and the third, in
which we are currently involved. It
seems certain that there will be a subsequent fourth period.
In all three periods territorial claims,
ethnic issues, the balance of power and
the exertion of influence were the factors which created, comprised and kept
alive the Macedonian Question, and
they are also the factors which will prolong its existence.
When it was first generated, the term
`Macedonian Question' was used to describe the struggle amongst the Christian peoples of the region to claim sovereignty over the geographical area
of Macedonia when the Ottoman Empire collapsed.
This struggle was subjected to exploitation by the conflicting interests of the
Great Powers (and of Russia in particular) and took the form of acute competition for territory: the prize was the acquisition of an area of the greatest strategic importance.
MAY, 1992
The criteria for evaluation of the various solutions and the arguments put
forward directly to support the aspirations of the different sides were as follows: a) the historical factor; b) the ethnic consideration, and c) the balance of
power in the area. The exertion of influence was of equal dynamism, but manifested itself as an indirect factor. The
protagonists in the struggle were
Greece, Bulgaria and Serbia, while the
interested parties prompting the players in the forefront were Russia, on
the one hand, and the Western Great
Powers, on the other.
Diplomacy and military confrontation were the means used to achieve
each side's goals. The first act in the drama was played out and ended with the
Treaty of Bucharest in 1913, by which
Macedonia was shared out among the
three protagonists. A small part was
also given to Albania. The predominant criterion was the balance of power
in the area, and the desideratum was a
stabilising atmosphere.
a problematic
The ethnic factor
element for Macedonia at that time,
and not for that area alone — continued to exist as a difficulty, and acquired
its central role at a later stage. The historical factor, one of the strongest cards
in Greece's hand, was downgraded. The
manner in which the geographical area
Once in the 19th century a foreign traveller asked a Macedonian villager
whether his land was Greek land and
whether he himself was Greek.
"Dig down in the soil you are standing on", replied the villager, "and you
will find antiquities. If they are not
Greek, then neither am I, and this land
in which I live is not Greek".
of Macedonia was divided up satisfied
all those directly or indirectly concerned.
The second stage in the Macedonian
Question began when Tito manufactured the state of Skopje in 1945.
Now the Question had changed form,
though its components remained the
same. The territorial issue was still central, but the means for achieving it had
now shifted to the creation of an autonomous entity (an idea which had been in
circulation even before the Second
World War) or an independent state:
the state of 'Macedonia'.
Now the ethnic question came to be
predominant, being used as the main
instrument or lever to achieve the ultimate goal. This was reasonable enough:
the jigsaw which had been put together
in one way seemed as if it could be rearranged, starting from a different point.
To have a state, one must have a people, and if a separate people (nation)
could be proved to exist, then there
could be a demand that their state be
recognised.
Serbia, one of the earlier protagonists, now dropped out of the struggle
and its place was taken by Yugoslavia
and the federal republic of Macedonia, which 'negotiated' with Bulgaria
while Greece watched from the sidelines. The contents of the Bled agreement (1947) between Yugoslavia and
Bulgaria are indicative: Pirin Macedonia (that is, the part of Macedonia within Bulgaria) was to be conceded to the
`Socialist Republic of Macedonia' and
its population was to be educated to
think as 'Macedonians'.
Here, the territorial and ethnic questions complemented each other to pro-•
uce the desired result. Although the
Bled agreement itself led nowhere and
territorial union never took place, Bulgaria continued for many years to reocgnise the 'Macedonian' nationality.
With the passage of time, and once a
period had begun in which territorial
claims backed up by force were to be
avoided rather than pursued, the ethnic
strengthened by the views
factor
which had, in the meantime, been formulated within the international community and were developing there
seemed much more suitable as a way
forward.
The ethnic question then developed
into a question of minorities, and this
was the principal feature of the second
7
phase of the Macedonian Question.
With the support of the federal Yugoslav leadership, the 'Socialist Republic
of Macedonia' demanded the recognition of a 'Macedonian' minority in
the adjacent states: Bulgaria, Greece
and Albania. At the same time, references to the 'unredeemed' parts of 'Macedonia' — that is, to `Pirin Macedonia'
and 'Aegean Macedonia' are testimony
to the same line of thought.
The question was ethnic, too, in that
the cleverly-planned and systematicallydeployed propaganda of Skopje attempted to establish the image of a separate 'Macedonian' nation. Other
countries, principally those to which
emigrants had moved, such as Australia, Canada, the USA and Western European states, became centres in which
the idea of the 'Macedonian' nation
was developed.
At this point, one has to draw attention to the reappearance of Turkey, the
old enemy of all the other rival countries. By exploiting the minority aspect
of the Question and common points of
convergence or opposition with Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and Greece over minority issues, Turkey found access to a role
which it could cultivate in the Balkan
peninsula.
The third phase began with the changes in Eastern Europe and the Balkans.
This was a golden opportunity for a dynamic revival in the aspirations of the
distant, or not so distant, past. Now,
the 'Macedonian Question' took the
form of an attempt to create an international entity which would tend to evolve
into an identity within international
law.
The first step was the proclamation,
by referendum, of the independence of
the 'Republic of Macedonia'. The second was to be its recognition by the international community. Recognition by
some states
above all by the European Community and the United
States — would allow the 'Republic' international status and legal capacity.
There are three classic elements which
a prospective state must possess in order
to be described as a state: territory, people, and power. From the point of view
of international law, however, there is
another requirement: the ability to 'interact' with the other subjects of international law. This question is both a
formality and a material issue. The for8
mal requirement is covered by recognition, but the essence — whether or not
`interaction' is possible — however difficult it may seem, will be for the future
to decide. The question of economic
sponsorship will also become plain in
the future.
This entity in the process of formation
has laid claim to the name 'Macedonia'
as the denomination of its new international form, and it is the independence
of the former federal Yugoslav republic,
in conjunction with its denomination,
that gives the Macedonian Question
its current dimensions.
Let us examine the ways in which the
old factors are now presenting themselves.
The Territorial Question
Although there have been no changes
in the borders with Greece and Bulgaria, the secession from Yugoslavia of the
`Republic of Macedonia' amounts to a
change in the territorial aspect of the
question.
Independence, followed by recognition as part of the general trend towards the formation of new states, is
a first territorial difference from the institutional point of view.
However, against this background,
Serbia, one of the first players in the
game, has re-entered it with territorial
claims, and the real weaknesses of the
new 'state' allow scope for the designs
of other neighbours.
On the other hand, the independent
existence of a state under the name of
`Macedonia' legitimates the idea of a
`Macedonian' national nucleus. A 'Macedonian' state exists, or will exist in the
near future, thus marking the beginning
of a gradual process of legitimation of
all the positions concerning the 'unredeemed' lands 'belonging' to Tirin
and Aegean Macedonia'.
The idea of a Macedonia state covering the entire geographical .region of
Macedonia will have got off to an excellent start, and it will have acquired the
name most appropriate to its activities.
The Ethnic and Minority
Dimension
Recognition of the existence of a
`Macedonian' state means recognition,
in parallel — and thus legitimation —
of a manufactured nation, the 'Macedonian people'.
Recognition by Bulgaria and Greece
of a 'Macedonian' minority on their territory (Albania already acknowledges
the existence of such a minority
group) would then be a direct and immediate consequence, if we take into account the modern concepts on the issue
of minorities and nationalities being
cultivated on the international and regional level (UN, CSCE, Council of
Europe, European Community).
However, the ethnic question is not
confined to the existence or recognition
of 'Macedonian' minority groups in
other countries. It would also be decisive within the new state itself, given
that its population consists of many different ethnic groups. The first signs of
this are already evident.
Thus, at a point in time at which territorial and political realignment is leading, or it appears desirable that it should
lead, to the resolving of ethnic problems, precisely the opposite will be
happening in the 'Republic of Macedonia'.
Such problems will operate inside the
new state, but they will also have an impact on inter-state relations. The beginning of this process has already taken
place: in the light of new concepts
about national minorities, and of the
whole situation as it is emerging, Albania and Greece, too, are discussing the
question of their ethnic populations
within the territory of the new state,
and examining the rights of those
groups.
Particular care should be taken over
the right of autonomy whose granting, by statute, to each ethnic group is
being discussed. In many cases of national minorities, such a right is the
first and most essential step towards a
demand for self-determination.
Balance and Stability
The independence of the 'Republic of
Macedonia' and its recognition, especially under the name of 'Macedonia',
gives rise to serious grounds for suspecting that it might be the cause of a threat
to peace and security in the nearby or
more general region.
Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and (perhaps
at a later date) Albania all have their
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
The territorial designs of Skopje reach even as far as Thessaloniki. capital of Northern Greece.
own particular territorial, ethnic or
other grounds for not appearing to be
the most peacea ble of neigh bours. Confrontation is not matter only of armed
conllict; indeed, the economic sector,
in all its manifestations, can be expected to be of much greater importance.
The question of recognition for the
'Republic of Macedonia' and of its denomination has already begun to give
real signs of creating an unstable atmosphere.
The economic problems facing the
new state (problems which will not go
away), taken in conjunction with the
all the points mentioned above, make
it an ideal location for other powers
to exert influence over the general geographical region of the Balkans.
The position of Greece is a particular-
MAY, 1992
ly sensitive one. Its rather passive policy
throughout almost the entire second
phase of the Macedonian Question
has left it resting on the razor's edge,
and has largely deprived it of its ability
to make the most of its more general
advantages as the only Balkan state
which is also an EC member. In this
phase, however, and under the pressure
of events, the independence of the 'Republic of Macedonia' has revived the
half-forgotten historical factor, which
the Greek side is now putting across
in a particularly forceful manner.
Another element which should not be
overlooked is the mobilisation of the
Greek communities abroad, which are
acting as a further factor in inlluencing
international policy.
As we have seen, the Macedonian
Question has its yesterday and its today; it will have its tomorrow, but there
will also be another day after that.
In the still Iluid situation in the Balkans, particular care should be taken
over the texts of treaties which concern
the rights of nationalities and minorities
being prepared by the international organisations and the CSCE.
Regardless of the denominational solution found for the new state in the
process of recognition, this sector will
be of decisive importance for future developments.
The Macedonian Question is now an
issue of international interest.
KA TERINA MANOLOPOULOUVARVITSIOTI
Assistant Professor of International
Relations, Panteio University
9
SPRING CONCERT OF THE
METROPOLITAN GREEK CHORALE
The Metropolitan Greek Chorale,
under the leadership of composer/conductor George Tsontakis, presented its
annual spring concert Saturday, May 9,
at Merkin Hall, New York City.
The "Thunder of the Drums" or
"Romvi Tympanon," was the theme of
the program. The Chorale presented the
world premiere of "On the Road to
Seville" by Alexandros Kalogeras, a
work based on the poetry of Federico
Garcia Lorca and three pieces by William Hawley based on classical works of
Euripides and Sophocles.
The concept featured singer and
actress Anna Paidoussi, well known for
her performances of Greek music for
over ten years.
The Chorale also performed a variety
of 'international pieces from its vast
repertoire.
The Metropolitan Greek Chorale was
established in 1965 in New York City as
the Metropolitan Greek Orthodox
Choir. It is comprised of some 60 volunteer members from the New York Metropolitan area and is unique in that it
offers the American premieres of major
works by Greek composers. The Chorale is dedicated to preserving and performing Greek classical and demotic
music, both sacred and secular, and
bringing international music and Greek
artists to the attention of American
artists.
Tsontakis, who also directs the Riverside Orchestra in New York, says the
Metropolitan Greek Chorale has a very
clear purpose: "One is to commission
works of Greek composers," he said.
"And, of non-Greek composers who do
Greek works." He also stresses the
importance of awareness through introduction. "Our goal is to educate the
audience that comes to our events. For
me, Greek music is a labor of love."
The Chorale has made numerous
radio, television and concert appearances throughout the eastern United
States and Greece and in 1968 made its
Town Hall debut in New York City. The
group has also performed at Carnegie
Hall and recently performed the works
of Manolis Kalomiris, the foremost Evangeline Gouletas, vice chairman of
composer of Greece for the first half of
ERA-American Invsco Realty, develthe Twentieth Century. The Chorale
opers of Lake Point Tower. For the
was the first group to perform Mikis
sixth consecutive year, she was the feaTheodorakis' "Axion Esti," in the Unitured speaker at the Academy of
ted States. Theodorakis is popularly
Finance, which enables New York City
known for composing the "Zorba the
public school students to meet successGreek" theme.
ful corporate executives in many fields.
The Chorale's past programming of The event took place at Baruch College
works include the American and world
recently.
premieres of George Tsontakis' "Erotokritos," "Saviours," and "Byzantine
Kanon" as well as Theodore Antoniou's
"Eros I" and Marc-Antonio Consoli's
"Ancient Greek Lyrics."
GREEK RADIO VOICE
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Evenings: (305) 792-3029
10
INSPIRA
A "Global Village" on the island of Andros, the home of
stateless orphaned, refugee children and center for international research and sharing of knowledge.
By JOHN A. XANTHOPOULOS
Adj. Professor of History and Political
Science, Broward Community College,
Ft. Lauderdale. Florida.
The founder of Inspira with a colleague
MA Y. 1992
Leo Tolstoy said it best, "but the day
came when ... the ancient simple truth
that it was natural for people to help
and to love. instead of torturing and
killing eac other, began to dawn upon
the minds of men and grew clearer every
day ... "
INSPIRA INTERNATIONAL is a
private, non-profit, philanthropic, nonsectarian and non-political educational
organization. It is dedicated to international research, dialogue and dissemination of knowledge and experience
concerning alternative approaches to
education and human development for
the future. Its services are offered to
children and adults, regardless of race,
religion, ethnic origin, nationality, or
political affiliation. Much of its work
depends upon volunteers. It accepts
financial support internationally from
Inspira associations, private contributions, and non-governmental agencies.
Dr. Jeff Mitchiner, founder/director
of lnspira, and professor of history and
education at Broward Community College in Ft. Lauderdale, Fl., where I met
and interviewed him, is a remarkable
man; a man of vision and compassion.
After an extensive interview at his office
in Ft. Lauderdale, I truly believe that he
is the embodiment of the ancient Hellenic spirit in the way that he carries
forward over the millenia the Platonic
ideas of life that are constantly changing, revising and contradicting.
Dr. Mitchiner, who holds a Ph.D in
Educational Foundations from Georgia
State University, believes that education is a labor of love, and being true to
his love, he set out to experience the
world at its best and worst. In the late
1960's he was in the Bekaa Valley of
Lebanon, and witnessed human tragedy
II
that would forever change his life and
way of thinking. In what he terms a
"totally irrational act" an entire village
composed primarily of old men, women
and children was annihilated by an anonymous group of people who never even
claimed responsibility in the name of a
cause. That left him with a deep psychological scar, a scar that he would carry
for the rest of his life. At that point he
found himself experiencing the same
anger and despair that Plato experienced during Socrates' trial and subsequent death, at the absurdity of
innocent suffering.
Dr. Mitchiner started asking again
immortal and timeless questions such
as: Is there a highest good for human
beings, an absolute good? What is the
meaning of right and wrong in human
action? What are our obligations? And
why should we be moral? Do principles
of justice, truth, freedom, equality, have
any firm, identifiable meaning or are
they only high-sounding, inflammatory
words which propagandists for democracy, dictatorships, and totalitarian
governments use in order to manipulate
and control us?
Dr. Mitchiner's ansewr is on Andros
island in Greece. A remarkable humanitarian project is under construction.
This is the Children's Village Project
begun by Inspira International in 1989.
Conceived after his Lebanese experience as a truly "global village," it will
be home to about 100 stateless,
orphaned, refugee children and twenty
adults from many nationalities. The village will also be the location of a center
for international research and sharing
of knowledge concerning alternative
approaches to education and human
development for the future.
The choice to locate the Inspira project in Greece, and especially on an
island in the beautiful and timeless
Aegean Sea, was made deliberately.
When Jeff Mitchiner and Greece met, it
was love at first sight. He fell in love
with the country, ecologically, climatically, historically, and most of all, he fell
in love with the Greek people. "Filoxenia," he proclaimed, a Greek word that
cannot be translated, it is a feeling, a
tradition.
Strategically, hardly a better location
could be found where people who care
about the quality of life on earth can
meet and cooperatively seek ways to
improve it. Andros stands at a historical
and global crossroads between ancient
and modern civilizations, between
12
affluent and developing nations and
between Europe, Africa and the Middle
East. Only two hours travel east of
Athens, it can be reached by air and
ground transportation from most areas
of the world within one day. Yet, as an
island, its enviroment feels distant from
the frantic pace of modern life. One may
easily retreat here to rest from personal
and global problems and to reflect on
possible solutions. From here one may
return quickly to areas which need help.
"So here I was in a country where
Plato was concerned with the fate of the
Athenian Polis, and I want to correct
the problems of the global polis."
He went on to tell me a fascinating
story that illuminated for him very
clearly that Andros was a special place.
Here we have a man who is seeking his
intellectual fathers, a man who is looking for philosophical foundations to
launch his global experiment, a man
looking for a sign, and he found it.
Andros by chance happened to be the
location of the last school of classical
philosophy, which lasted continuously
from approximately 400 B.C. to 750
A.D. Emperor Leo III of Byzantium
attended the school which was destroyed by a state organized campaign in
the middle of the eighth century for the
same reasons that the Athenian state
put Socrates on trial, and for the same
reasons the Roman state put Christ on
trial; its ideas were a threat to the existing status quo.
In the early part of the 19th century
the Kairis family of Andros held a
prominent and respectable economic
position. Theophilus Kairis, who studied philosophy and modern science
decided with his sister to recreate the
ancient school of classical philosophy.
But as fate had it, the Greek War of
Independence began and the Kairis
dream died with the man.
In 1989 the dream of Jeff Mitchiner
started to become reality. Some of the
local inhabitants believed that he was
the reincarnation of Theophilus Kairis,
who came back to finish the school, to
finish the work.
Socrate's second philosophic point in
his Apology is that the improvement or
"tendance" of the soul, the care for
wisdom and truth, is the highest good.
To Dr. Mitchiner's disappointment, the
modern Greeks have not come close to
the Socratic ideal of the highest good.
He believes that the 29th century Greeks
are slaves of the Byzantine/Ottoman
philosophical, psychological, and cultural ethos. Their basic instincts arising
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
out of that labyrinth prohibit them
from exploring the continuous transformation and transcendence of self as
taught by our ancient forefathers. The
modern Greeks have yet to discover the
new perspectives of ecology, birth,
death, learning, health, family, work,
science, spirituality, the arts, the community, relationships, politics. Present
day Hellenes are simply drawn together
by their single discovery, namely that of
the Orthodox/ Byzantine/Ottoman
paradigm that has held them together
since the fall of the Roman Empire. Due
to that fact, they are leading needlessly
circumscribed lives.
Finally, Inspira, the idea and fact,
supercedes all minor questions, and
doubts fall away in the face of it. Certainly it is that the idea as it was brought
forth and became reality by Jeff Mitchiner, not only will revolutionize his
life, but also the outlook on the world.
According to another Socratic principle, to know the good is to do good.
Evil, wrongdoing, or vice are due to the
lack of knowledge or to ignorance, and
to nothing else. Dr. Mitchiner is a true
apostle of everything the ancients stood
for, certainly Inspira will bring a lot of
happiness. The idea that is now a reality
in Andros knows human nature, the
true nature of human beings. It will continue to strive to know what is good for
humans and what will bring happiness,
how to live and what to strive to
achieve.
"We cannot wait for the world to
turn," said philosopher Beatrice Bruteau, "for times to change that we might
change with them, for the revolution to
come and carry us around in its new
course. We ourselves are the future. We
are the revolution."
No one captures the spirit of Inspira
more than Nikos Kazantzakis: "Let us
unite, let us hold each other tightly, let
us merge our hearts, let us create for
Earth a brain and a heart, let us give a
human meaning to the superhuman
struggle." Dr. Mitchiner, "after the final
no there comes a yes, and on that yes the
future of the world depends." (Wallace
Stevens).
Dr. Mitchiner among young friends at the Inspira village
TYPESETTING
FOR BOOKS, JOURNALS
CALL: (212) 967-5017
MAY, 1992
13
IMMIGRANTS CUP
GOLF TOURNAMENT
1992 U.S. Immigrant's Cup is on now
accepting registrations. The tournament is being played in two stages. First
each "country" has their qualifying
round and thereafter the "countries"
will play against each other at the
"International" event to be held at
P.G.A. National Resort in Palm Beach,
Florida, August 27-30, 1992.
Methodios Delivers Distinguished Lectures
The tournament is open to male and
female amateur golfers of foreign descent with an established U.S.G.A. handicap. Best four players based upon low
net score after 36 holes will advance to
the "International" event as a representative for the "country" they qualified
for.
Archbishop Methodios of Pisidia was the Distinguished Lecturer in the annual
series presented by The Patriarch Athenagoras Orthodox Institute in Berkeley,
California. Methodiois is considered one of Orthodoxy's most prolific scholars, as
he is a renowned author of ten books and more than 100 studies of theological and
historical subjects as well as an editor of two major Orthodox Journals. This was
the fourth of the Distinguished Lecture Series offered by the Orthodox Institute
made possible by the generous grant of Mr. and Mrs. Milton H. Sioles of Paradise
Valley, Arizona. Pictured receiving congratulations at a reception following the
Lecture Series from left to right: Paul G. Manolis, Director of the Institute, Archbishop Methodios of Pisidia and The Very Reverend Dr. Leonidas C. Contos,
President of the Institute.
The Greek-American tournament is
being held June 20 and 21, 1992 at Innisbrook Resort (Home of the J.C. Penney
Classic), Tarpon Springs, Florida.
Entry fee is $400.00 which includes
two nights accommodations (double
occupancy), breakfast, two rounds of
golf, welcome cocktail reception and
awards luncheon. Without accommodations the entry fee is $250.00.
ANDRONICOS
AND
MACEDONIA
By IRIS LILLYS
On the occasion of the death of
Professor Andronikos, we republish an article that appeared
in our January 1989 issue by our
contributing editor Mrs. Iris Lillys. This we consider the best
tribute to the famous Greek
archaeologist.
In ancient Greece there were many
prominent men called Andronicos. The
most famous was Andronicos of Macedonia, a general under Alexander the
Great. Yet nobody knows about him.
Worse still, nobody cares. Today, however, in the city of Thessalonike, there is
another Andronicos. His name is
Manolis; he is an archeologist and everybody knows him, and certainly anybody interested in the history of the past
— be he Greek or non-Greek -- admires
him.
Manolis Andronicos has always been
well known in his field. But ten years
ago, because of his famous excavation
in Vergina and his discovery of the tomb
of Philip II of Macedonia, father of
Alexander the Great, archeologist
Manolis Andronicos became world
famous. After such international success one would think that the professor
would take it easy and concentrate on
his teaching and writing. But it was not
so. When one's profession becomes a
passion there is no way to call it quits.
So professor Andronicos kept on digging. And by doing so he again brought
to light objects of rare beauty.
If wasn't just luck — Rather, his rare
combination of intuition and a deep
knowledge both of history and of the
terrain, that resulted last spring in the
discovery of yet another unviolated
tomb. Because it was a rather small one
it had not enticed the robbers. This
tomb turned out to be a true revelation.
It contained a superb display of jewelry
MAY, 1992
tinople, and from there to the very prosperous (at that time) city of Prousa,
where I was born. But I was not to
remain for long at this (as they tell me)
congenial, small town. The tragic catastrophy of Asia Minor made my parents
refugees in Thessalonike. That is where
I grew up, studied and made my career.
So, naturally, this is my hometown...
"I took my Humanities," continued
the professor, "at the University of
Thessalonike and intended to persevere
in my studies. But the war broke out and
changed my plans. I wanted to get away
and join the army of Free Greece in the
Middle East. With this in mind, I volunteered for an army post on the frontier,
at Didimothiho. From there I escaped
and, through Turkey, managed to reach
Egypt and enroll in the armed forces
under the Government of Free
The professor in his working outfit.
Greece..."
The blessed day of liberation from the
never before seen. Because of this last
discovery the name of Professor Andro- Nazi occupation eventually arrived and,
shorty after, Manolis returned home.
nicos once again was in the limelight.
I ran into Professor Andronicos last Now his problem was to get a job...
summer on the beach of the Eagles "That was when I got my first stroke of
Palace Hotel at the foot of Mount good luck," recalls Andronicos. " I
Athos. He was relaxed and full of the found a position as art instructor at the
good humour for which he is known. foremost girls private school in town."
At this point, "Oly" (short for OlymNo trace of the tedious work he had
been doing. He looked more like an pia) interrupted. She has been, for the
athlete training on his daily swim, than past thirty or so years, the devoted coman archeologist who had just spent panion and tireless helper of Professor
months digging the gold of Macedonia. Andronicos. "You will not believe this,"
It was a perfect time to find out directly she tells me. "He had a class with more
from him all about his life and his then twenty of the most beautiful girls
in town, and what do you think he did?
career.
"Like everybody else I too had par- He went for the professor of literature,
ents", began the professor in the usual in the class at the end of the
humourous manner which so endeared corridor..."
him to his students. "My father came
A couple of years later Manolis and
from the island of Samos. My mother is Oly were married. Also at that time he
the very proud paesana of your Archbi- decided to take the entrance exams for
shop Iakovos, having been born on the the school of archeology..
isle of Imbros. Soon after their marriage
the young couple migrated to Constan- —Why archeology ? was my question.
15
"I guess I shall never forget the first
time I saw the Acropolis. I must have
been four or five years of age. I am sure
the roots of mmy devotion to archeology were implanted at that time,"
relates the professor.
Passing his entrance exam brilliantly,
Andronicos believes he got his second
lucky break. He was assigned to the
excavation of the most famous archeologist of his day, Constantine Rhomaios,
who at that time was digging at the site
where the first capital of Macedonia,
Aigai, is believed to have been. Situated
at the foot of Mount Pieria, close to the
Aliakmon river, Vergina, as the small
hamlet is called, had been since the last
century an intriguing spot to archeologists. Professor Rhomaios was probably inspired by the French archeologist
Leon Heuzey who, in 1876 wrote that
"those who rake over the same ground
after us and bring out work to completion should not be tired of turning over
the confusion of debris to look for the
lines of construction buried below the
ground"... The "confusion of debris,"
part of what nowdays is called the Great
Tumulus, inspired Rhomaios. He went
to work. The traces of the Royal Palace
appeared. Also, an old cemetery with
tombs, probably all violated in antiquity. This was in 1938... Ten years later
his young assistant, Manolis Andronicos, had, as he said, the immense pleasure of witnessing the discovery of the
second intact tomb in the area, close to
Vergina. It was one of the most elegant
and most impressive, said the professor
years later. It even had a marble throne
16
The Gold Larnaca exhibited in the Museum in Thessalonike.
in the Main Chamber... "It was a fascinating time in our lives" interjected
Mrs. Andronicos." We were young and
Manolis was full of zeal... (Has he ever
been otherwise?) Also his admiration
for his boss made his labor more exciting. Of course we had to overcome
hardships, namely the complete lack of
comfort. For years we lived in mud
huts. Even our showers had to be taken
in the open under a tree while one of us
kept vigil for privacy..."
In 1954 Manolis Andronicos received
his Ph. D. in archeology. Shortly after,
he obtained a leave of absence for two
years, for post-graduate work at Trinity
College at Oxford. After getting his
English doctorate he returned to
Greece. Meanwhile his beloved professor Rhomaios had passed away. Andronicos was his natural successor. He
continued the excavation of the Royal
Palace and did some further digging at
the cemetery that dated between 1000 to
7000 B.C. and which was of great interest. It was a productive excavation,
though quantitatively rather than qualitatively. For up to that time about fifty
tombs were discovered, but all had been
pillaged in antiquity.
At that time at the University of Thessalonike, a post for assistant professor
of archeology became vacant. No one
could have wanted it more than Manolis Andronicos. Nevertheless he continued his, excavation with the same
enthusiasm — with this one aim in
mind: an important discovery. Up to
that time the tombs discovered were not
of great importance, with one excep-
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
tion: the resting place of King Philip's
mother, Euridice. The rest obviously
belonged to people of neither substantial position nor considerable wealth.
Where were the more affluent citizens
buried? And what about the governors
and, above all, the Kings? This thought
puzzled Andronicos for several years.
Meanwhile, in 1961 he was appointed
full professor at the University, but his
teaching did not prevent his from pursuing his dream — to bring forth tombs of
great value that, according to him, had
to be in that vicinity.
In pondering over this, Andronicos
had a hunch. A few miles away from the
Palace stood a small hill. It could easily
be an accumulation of debris, a deposit
of unwanted earth. But again why
couldn't it be something of importance?
With his curiosity and his usual optimism the Professor went ahead. He
assembled his workers and all his assistants, and under the burning sun of a
Macedonian summer, went to work.
Such was his anxiety that often he
would bend down and with his bare
hands scoop the humid earth. It took
days of hope followed by disappointment. Finally one early afternoon,
recalls Andronicos, a workman's shovel
hit something hard. With every layer of
earth removed, hope was getting
stronger. The professor, his assistants
and even the workmen, all stood silent.
Hope was reflected on their faces, anticipation must have filled their hearts. In
his own heart Andronicos was certain
he had finally found something of value.
And he did. The famous gold larnaca
with the emblem of Macedonian dynasty come to light. It contained the
bones of Philip II, King of Macedonia.
The discovery of the Great Tomb, as it
has been called, made world history in
all the archeological centers of the
world. It also made professor Manolis
Andronicos world famous.
Throughout his career Andronicos
has received a number of distinctions.
He is a life member of the Archeological
Society of Athens; member of the
Society for Macedonian Studies;
member of the German Archeological
Institute, and of the Explorer's Club of
New York; honorary member of the
Spanish Association of Classical Studies , past president of the Society for
the Promotion of Hellenic Studies in
London. He is also a corresponding
member of the Athens Academy, and in
1982 he received the Olympic Prize
from the Aristotle Onassis Foundation.
MAY, 1992
Now, after so much fame and publicity, one wonders how can it be possible
that such a man should be mistreated in
his own country. Because that is exactly
what happened. Last fall, after his vacation at the seashore, Andronicos, full of
vim and vigor, returned to Vergina
eager to continue his digs. What was his
surprise when arriving at the excavation
spot? The team faced a number of
trucks and tractors blocking the
entrance. The peasants of the village
would not allow them to continue their
work. They claimed they had nothing
against Andronicos. On the contrary
they liked him. What they did not like
was the treasures found in their land to
be taken away and exposed in the
museum of Thessalonike. They
demanded that a museum should be
built locally, which would induce tourists to visit the small village year round.
With this preposterous idea in mind
they were ready to build hotels, restaurants and boutiques - convinced that
visitors would drive to this remote spot,
covered by snow most of the year.
Andronicos and his team withdrew, losing a whole season of digging. At this
writing the matter is in the hands of the
government. And of course, as everybody knows, the government is in the
hands of God...
I asked Professor Andronicos how he
felt about it.
"As you probably know, in 1983 I
resigned from the University. It was difficult to teach and excavate at the same
time. So I figured that as long as health
and age would allow me I shall dedicate
myself to what I love most.... digging...
So this stop to my excavation puts me
on the unemployment list." Actually it
is not so. Andronicos continues to write
and among other literary works he has a
regular column in the Sunday paper,
Vima.
It is wonderful to see somebody taking a humorous attitude towards controversy. But deep down, it was not
exactly so. The professor was furious at
the mayor of the village who had, for
political reasons, instigated the archeological hold-up. Especially when he was
in the process of an extraordinary discovery interrupted during the summer
because of the heat. At that time an
untouched tomb had been found. It
must have belonged to a rich woman probably young. Rich, because the
amount and the quality of the jewelry
vouch for it. Young, because the artifacts probably used in make-up and
adornement had to belong to a woman
in the prime of her life. The workmanship of these pieces is such that the famous jeweler Ilias Lalaounis tells us that it
has been impossible to find out how
they were made, and no workman these
days is capable of reproducing them
because of the exceptional richness of
those jewels, Andronicos believes that
the buried woman must have belonged
to the Royal Family, since no commoner could ever complement her raiment with such heavy gold pieces.
Professor Andronicos writes in his
book on Vergina, "On grounds of quality it is difficult to select two or three
objects that take preference over the
others. Each is a veritable work of art;
many are unique, not to be found in any
other museum in the world".
And a last question to the professor, a
naive one I admit: Do you have any
proof that Macedonia was actually
Greek?
"This is an undeniable fact. All the
names written on the graves' stelai are
Greek or derive from the Greek. What
other more concrete proof do they
want?" "They" meaning, obviously,
Yugoslays and Bulgarians.
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BYRON GEORGIOU:
A VOICE FOR CHANGE
Byron Georgiou, the only HellenicAmerican in the nation running for an
open seat in the U.S. House of Representatives in San Diego County's newly
created 49th Congressional District, is
blazing the trail in local campaigning by
distributing to thousands of voters a
short videotape that highlights his life
and views on major national issues.
"I am gratified by the response and
attention our campaign has received
since we began delivering our tape to
households in this district," Georgiou
said about his unique campaign effort
that has been described by newspapers
and television reporters as "the wave of
the future."
The 10-minute tape, titled "A Voice
for Change," was produced by Sid
Galanty and directed by award-winning
Hellenic-American filmmaker Bill
Megalos of Los Angeles. It focuses on
the 43-year-old San Diego attorney's
Greek-American background, his
accomplishments as the California
Governor's top legal adviser from 1980
to 1983, his environmental achievements and his role in representing work-
TYPESETTING
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ing men and women.
Prominent Georgiou supporters were
also interviewed for the tape, including
former California Attorney General
John Van de Kamp, who states: "Byron
and I worked together at getting career
criminals off the streets and in helping
victims of serious crime. His values were
good then, and they're good now."
The videotapes — 20,000 of which
have been reproduced — are being distributed to about 50,000 households in
the 49th Congressional District, which
covers half the city of San Diego and
includes the cities of Coronado and
Imperial Beach. After the tapes are delivered, campaign workers then return in
a few days to pick up the tape and
answer any questions voters have. The
tapes are then recycled, for delivery to
other homes.
"The interaction we have had with
people after they've seen the video is the
most important part of the program,"
Georgiou said in an April 9 article in the
San Diego Daily Transcript, the city's
business newspaper. "They get a better
sense of me, and the questions they ask
are more refined."
Jeri Dilno, Georgiou's campaign
director in charge of the video program,
added: "This is the most cost-effective
way to personally reach people who
normally vote. It's getting right to the
voter you want to talk to."
BANQUET CENTER
FOR ALL OCCASIONS
SARBANES SPEAKER
AT QUEENS COLLEGE
The 1992 Constantine D. Paparrigopoulos Lecture will be presented by
Senator Paul S. Sarbanes, on the topic
"Congress and U.S. Foreign Policy."
The presentation will be made at The
Fourteenth Annual Certificates of
Achievement Awards Dinner of the
Queens College Center for Byzantine
and Modern Greek Studies on Saturday, May 16, 1992 at the Queens College Student Union Building, Fourth
Floor, at 7:00 PM.
The annual program includes an
awards ceremony, The Constantinos D.
Paparrigopoulos Lecture and a dinner
with live entertainment following the
ceremonies. Admission to the lecture is
free and open to the public. Tickets for
the total program (including dinner) are
$75 each.
The Center for Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies was founded in 1974
at Queens College which has the largest
and most comprehensive B.A. college
program in Greek studies in the United
States. Over 9,000 students have passed
through its program; eight scholarly
books have been published by The Center; and along with Hellenic College it
has produced eight annual volumes of
The Journal of Modern Hellenism. The
Center has also awarded $10,000 annually in scholarships for its students,
which includes over 1,500 students of
Greek ancestry. All proceeds of the May
16 program will be used to support and
sustain Greek studies at Queens College
at a time of severe budget cuts within the
City University system.
For further information on the lecture and dinner, call (718) 997-4520.
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GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
Thoughts
From Seattle
By TASO LAGOS
THE OLYMPIC TORCH: WHERE DOES IT BURN BRIGHTEST?
T
he decision to award Atlanta the
right to host the 1996 Olympic Games
came like an agonozing cry of defeat to
many Greeks and Greek-Americans
who had hoped that Athens — the
birthplace of the modern Games in 1896
— would have the honor of hosting
their hundredth anniversary. The desire
to see an Olympics centennial on Hellenic soil is not peculiar to the Greek
mind, however; the appeal is felt by all
of us who find significance in the patterns of history and who rejoice at what
little poetic justice is actually found in
the world. Call it sentimental (as many
have); but consider for a moment this
very human response in an event originally conceived in purely human terms.
Few people
Greek or otherwise
would argue with the widespread observation that the Olympic Games of today
have lost much of the idealized athletic
charm which was their ancient glory.
The modern Olympics' hundred-year
history is tainted by frequent charges of
political manipulation and a disheartening trend toward commercialism. In
1936, Hitler tried to use the Olympic
Games in Berlin as a stage to showcase
"Aryan superiority." When Jesse
Owens thwarted the Fuerher's scheme,
sports won a temporary victory over
politics; but in 1980, American ire over
the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan led to our boycott of the Games in
Moscow that year. Four years later, the
Russians struck back with their own
embargo in Los Angeles. Who said the
Olympics are only about sports?
All this is in stark contrast to the
event as it originated in Delphi in the
year 776 B.C., where, every four years,
all cities would temporarily put aside
their differences and come together for
an occasion that challenged the participants in athletic and cultural competitions — not military or political
squabbles.
Modern Athenians were hoping to
revive something of this lost spirit of
humanism by hosting the Olympic
Games in 1996; unfortunately, today's
MAY, 1992
Olympic Games require more than
good intentions on the part of the host
city to be successful in the eyes of the
watching world. The Olympic festival is
big business — one that requires not
only vast space and facilities to hold
events and house the multitudes of athletes, coaches, trainers, doctors, staff,
and members of the press, but adequate
transportation systems are needed, as
well, to ferry all those people around,
communication networks are indispensible for all that television and radio
coverage, and let's not forget decent
accommodations for the throngs of avid
Olympics' fans who flock to the action,
not to mention the absolute necessity of
a top-notch security system.
Athens would need a major facelift to
make any of these things possible. I was
there just a few months ago and was
appalled not only by the air pollution
and lack of proper public transporta-
tion, but by the backward road system
and the positive dearth of visible, easyto-read street signs, as well. How would
untold numbers of foreign visitors cope
with this foray into civic chaos, I
wondered?
Her lack of political stability didn't
help Athens' application either. First
under a socialist government and now a
conservative one, the Greek capital is
often crippled by massive strikes. From
postal workers to transportation
employees, it seems everybody is ready
for the picket march.
Athenians were hoping to host the
Olympics not only for a reason to
rebuild the city (Greeks often need reasons to do anything), but also as a rallying point for boosting slipping national
pride. In the last few years, Greece has
become known either for harboring terrorists or as a place where tourists get
mugged (usually in the Plaka under the
Acropolis).
But because of tremendous bureaucratic infighting within Greece, it is hard
to get anything done. Many IOC
members questioned holding the Games
in a city with one of the worst air pollution problems in the world. When the
Greeks on the presentation committee
shot back that Los Angeles had managed to overcome that same problem in
1984, they failed to take into account
the c000perative intergovernmental
system in L.A. that made the clean-up
task possible. No such equivalent system exists in Athens, where bureaucrats
hold on to their turf like private fiefdoms. Getting a common interurban
bus replaced, for example, requires a
herculean effort and literally reams of
paperwork.
It didn't help Athens when many IOC
officials visited the city for an on-site
inspection. They arrived at an airport
where soldiers walk around sporting
submachine guns, and armored cars zip
around the tarmac. Such scenes don't
do much for that Olympic sense of fair
play, not to mention safe play.
After the announcement came from
the IOC, many in Greece reacted with
shock and downright hostility. They
accused America of "stealing" the
Olympics — citing how L.A. played
host to the Games in 1984. Greeks were
appalled that a city like Atlanta, with
the worst homicide rate in the U.S.,
20
would receive what is meant to be a
"peace" festival. No doubt what helped
the Georgian beat out the Greek capital
for this honor were her many modern
amenities: necessities such as a modern
transportation system and world-class
hotels; a commitment to build stadia
and athletic facilities with private funds
(as opposed to public money in Athens),
and, being home of Turner Broadcasting, some of the most sophisticated
communication systems on the planet.
The sad truth is that the Olympics'
centennial has passed Athens by. Sentiment alone will not win you the chance
to stage the event. Corporate sponsors
and television dictate that whichever
city is chosen, it must be able to meet
certain state-of-the-art criteria. In the
last analysis, may IOC members didn't
feel the city that launched the modern
Games in 1896 would be up to meeting
the Committee's rigid requirements a
hundred years later.
There are many who decry this development and call for a return to the "old"
ways. They argue that television has
emphasized competitiveness over the
international cooperation that is needed
to make an event such as the Games
possible, and which is supposed to highlight our similarities rather than our differences. The tube is more interested in
pitting athlete against athlete, and in
spotlighting winner over loser, than in
any more far-reaching sense of interna-
tional community or the common aspiration of mankind; instead, it's America
vs. the Cubans in boxing, our female
runners against their Russian counterparts on the track, and so on.
The fact is that the Olympic Games
are simply changed forever. It's enough
to say that they once were quaint and
charming exhibitions of pure, amateur
athleticism, but now with the introductions of "professional" athletes (NBA
stars, for instance, may now participate
in the Games), the floodgate has opened
and the course tide is not something
anyone can easily reverse.
Athenians may rightly feel bypassed
in this case, for something they inteoduced to the world is now no longer
theirs. Like a son who left home and
comes back to visit one day, showing off
his growth and change, the Olympic
Games have reached maturity; they
must be allowed to make their own way
in the world, even when in means making their own mistakes.
Yet it's hard not to shed a tear here.
The Greeks desperately needed the
Olympics now, and they knew it. Social
chaos has gripped Greece for the last
four decades. Starting with a civil war in
the late Forties to the military junta
taking over in 1967 to various crackpot
dictators and corrupt politicians, to
recent political scandals and an economy that's rapidly unraveling — these
pressures on the country's stability
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
show no sign of abating.
What hosting the 1996 Olympic
Games would have provided Greece
was a temporary diversion from these
internal ills; and, even more important
and rare than a hundredth anniversary,
the occasion would have brought a
sense of unity to this long-troubled
land and a boost to her declining tourist industry. Greece's largest industry,
tourism, has suffered in recent years.
Terrorist scares are partly to blame for
the lost business, but many potential
tourists now prefer to visit Turkey,
where their travel dollar will go much
further. The Greek Isles are still some of
the most beautiful in the world, but
many hotel developments have made
them less Greek and more French, German, or American. In Turkey, that
hasn't happened yet and many vacationers flock to Ankara or Istanbul,
preferring an "authentic" near-Eastern
experience.
Maybe the Olympic torch would
burn a bit brighter had Athens been
chosen for 1996. For many GreekAmericans, the occasion would have
given us an excuse to go back "to the old
country" for a long-overdue visit.
But wherever the city, the flame burns
the same. This rivalry between urban
centers vying for the torch makes a
mockery of the goodwill that symbol is
supposed to spawn. The very idea of the
centennial celebration, for which the
Athenians were hoping, becomes an
excuse for cities to compete at outdoing one another. This is not the sort
of competition upon which the Olympics were founded.
$270,000 DONATION
TO HELLENIC COLLEGE
BROOKLINE—Bishop Methodios
has announced that the late Marcelle R.
Varver of Seattle Washington has
bequeathed her estate, whose approximate current value is $270,000, to Hellenic College/ Holy Cross Greek
Orthodox School of Theology. Mrs.
Varver died on June 27, 1991.
According to the terms of her will, a
$20,000 endowment will be established
in memory of Mrs. Varver's son, Lt.
Cdr. George P. Varver Jr., for students
preparing for the priesthood. Her only
child, George Varver, Jr., an Annapolis
graduate, was killed in 1963 while on
duty flying over Alaska. The balance of
the estate will be used to set up The
Marcelle R. Varver Foundation for
International Conferences at Holy
Cross.
According to all who knew Mrs.
Varver, including Hellenic College/ Holy Cross Trustees and benefactors
Arthur and Rose Saridakis, she was a
devout woman of deep faith and love
for the Greek Orthodox Church. A
member of the Saint Demetrios and
Assumption Greek Orthodox Parishes
and Philoptochos Societies in Seattle,
Mrs. Varver was a supporter of Saint
Basil's Academy and a life-long contributor to many philanthropic organiza-
tions and causes. In the Diocese of San
Francisco where she was very active in
the Orthodox Church life, Marcelle
Varver's efforts and dedication were
recognized repeatedly over the years,
including citations from Bishops
Athenagoras and Meletios of blessed
memory.
Marcell Varver was born in 1901 in
Montrichard, France and emigrated to
America in 1920. She graduated from
the School of Nursing in Seattle in 1925,
married George Varveris shortly there
after, and embarked on a career as a
registered nurse. During the 1926 smallpox epidemic she and two other nurses
were called by the Seattle Health
Deparatment to vaccinate everyone in
the city. Working through the night, she
took vaccines home to immunize neighbors and friends. Her devotion to the
profession included nursing the sick
children of the Greek Orthodox community at no charge, often staying with
them through the night.
Mrs. Varver was an avid student of
both Orthodox Christianity and the
Greek language. After the death of her
husband in 1966, she travelled to Greece
where she established the Varveris Institute in Volos, headed time by Bishop
Damaskinos.
If the Greeks are really serious about
hosting any future Olympic Games,
they ought to get their economic house
in order first and clean up Athens
(called by one United Nations report as
"the armpit of the world") before making another bid, perhaps in the year
2,000. Of course it won't be a "golden"
anniversary then, but it might be a nice
way of closing off the millenium and
starting fresh on a new one.
The Olympics may have been started
by Greeks, but Greeks don't own them
now — no one does. They were a gift
given freely to the world, in hopes that
peace and good relations would reign
among all people. Though many of us
had hoped to attend an Olympic centennial celebration in Athens in 1996, let us
take heart from the true spirit of the
Games, and let the best host win.
MAY, 1992
21
ORAL HISTORY OF FEMALE
GREEK IMMIGRANTS
The University of Minnesota Immigration History Research Center
(IHRC) accepted 70 oral history tapes
of female Greek American immigrants
with accompanying photographs and
documents Friday, Feb. 28. The gift was
donated to the center by the Daughters
of Penelope, the national Greek
womens' organization that conducted
the nationwide oral history project.
Rudolph J. Vecoli, IHRC director,
said the gift "will supplement and enrich
our holdings and make us more successful in our work."
"These interviews and other materials
document the daily lives and experiences of Greek-American women, filling a
gap in the historical record on GreekAmerican and the immigrant experience in general," said Joe Wurl, IHRC
curator.
Anna Lefes Toupigis, grand presi-
22
dent of the Daughters of Penelope,
presented the gift. Other Daughters of
Penelope officials who attended the
ceremonies were: Angie Speliopoulos,
grand secretary; Tessie Bourdamis, district governor; and Julia Constantine,
former grand president. The American
Hellenic Educational Progressive Association (AHEPA), the men's organization, was represented by Gus
Constantine, supreme vice president,
and Demos Hadjanis, district governor.
Also on hand for the presentation
were the Rev. Parry Paraschou of St.
George Greek Orthodox Church of St.
Paul and the Rev. Anthony Coniaris of
St. Mary's Greek Orthodox Church of
Minneapolis; Minnesota State Senator
Sandra Pappas; University of
Minnesota-Morris associate professor
of sociology Vasilikie Demos; and
Greek American members of the
Friends of the IHRC.
Demos spoke about the research on
Greek American women and said she is
eager to use this new resource. Toupigis
added that the oral history project is
ongoing and the organization plans to
add tapes to the collection every two
years.
One of the nation's leading archivallibrary repositories of source materials
on immigration and ethnicity, the
IHRC specializes in 24 ethnic groups
that originated in eastern, central and
southern Europe and the Near East.
Established in 1965, the center is internationally recognized for its dedication
to fostering research on and understanding of the history of American
immigration. Located at 826 Berry
Street, St. Paul is open to the public on
weekdays from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Contact: Joel Wurl, (612) 627-4208.
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
The New England Scene
CHRISTOS ANESTI
The weeks following the celebration of the Resurrection are
most joyful and special as we greet each other with the
comforting "Christos Anesti." Some say it is just the spring
weather and flowers which make us all seem a bit friendlier
this time of year. Others say it is the extended daylight that
makes our outlook brighter. I prefer to think that we Greek
Orthodox have an answer that does not give "just" a reason,
but a true meaning to it all—it is, I like to believe, the special
greeting we share for the 40 days following the Easter
Celebration.
There is a Greek Orthodox Community in New England
which I'd like to single out this month for a lot of reasons.
The Annunciation Parish in Newburyport, MA is celebrating its 75th anniversary this year. It is a Parish that most
Greek Americans throughout the land have at least heard
about because a few years ago its house of worship was
gutted by fire. Through the dedication and sacrifices of its
members, the visionary leadership of its then Priest, the Rev.
Fr. Stanley S. Harakas, and the prayers and assistance of
many throughout these United States, a new house of worship was erected and the community continues to grow.
For almost two years now, the Newburyport Parish has
been sharing its Priest the Rev. Christopher Foustoukos,
with the entire Diocese. Fr. Chris is the part time Youth
Director of the New England Diocese, a position which has
kept him away from his parishioners for two days a week. It
is during this time that Father has directed a most active
Youth Ministry program, bringing Orthodoxy to the college
campuses in Greater Boston and touching the lives of many
young people through New England. When Bishop Methodios appointed Fr. Foustoukos to this position, he charged
him with creating a meaningful, long lasting youth ministry
to meet the needs of the young Greek Americans who will be
the leaders of our communities at the threshold of the 21st
By Sophia Nibi
century. Fr. Chris, whose faith, enthusiasm, dedication,
tireless efforts, and sense of humor are sterling examples of
spiritual leadership and guidance, met the challenge. And
today, the Diocese of Boston has an outstanding Youth
Ministry program which includes summer and winter camp
experiences, year-round retreats, reunions, and a newsletter,
YOUTH TALK, written for and by participants of the
various youth activities.
Having accomplished what he was challenged to meet,
Father Chris will return to his parishioners full time beginning June 1. He is most enthusiastic, for he has many
programs he plans to enhance, expand and initiate in his
historic community. Certainly, the entire New England Diocese is grateful to the Annunciation Parishioners for sharing
their capable spiritual leader, and to Father Chris for his
valuable contribution to the Youth Ministry of the Diocese.
Father Chris and Presbytera Claire Foustoukos live in
Newburyport. They enjoy their home on a country setting
which they share with their sheep. Twinkee and Toffy are the
latest additions, both of which came too late for Easter.
Perhaps a summer cookout!
Father Chris' assistant and good friend, Theodore Barbas of Woburn, MA (Hellenic College '89; Holy Cross '92)
has been asked by Bishop Methodios to be the director of
Youth Ministry beginning June 1. There is no question in
anyone's mind that Father Chris' advice will be freely given
and often sought in the future. By the way, the Parish
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CHRISTOS ANESTI — Bishop Methodios of Boston
shares Easter's joy with Dr. Agni Vlavianos Arvanitis and
her husband A thanasios. The couple are frequent visitors to
the United States and Boston. (Photo by Areti).
MAY, 1992
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23
Council President of the Newburyport Community is Byron
Matthews, who has also served as mayor of Newburyport.
Another individual I have the privilege to know is Agni
Vlavianos-Arvanitis, an American-born, Athens, Greeceresident, citizen of the world, and frequent visitor to Boston.
In 1985 Dr. Vlavianos-Arvanitis founded and still presides
over the Biopolitics International Organization (B.I.O.)
whose goals are to reconcile technological progress with
societal values. B.I.O. has developed rapidly with representatives from 52 nations participating in the effort to implement its goals. Individual and educational institutions have
already included B.I.O. ideals and resolutions in their work
and curricula. Four international conferences held between
1987 and 1991 enjoyed much support and resulted in the
worldwide growth of the Bios Theory and the launching of
the International University for the Bio-Environment
(I.U.B.E.) whose goals are the preservation of the bioenvironment, the protection of biological diversity and the
respect for bios (life). Presidents of universities and academies, as well as representatives from governments, business
and the diplomatic world are participating in this international effort to introduce the study and respect for the
bio-environment into all levels of education. The primary
target is to help the public opinion and the decision makers
realize that the threats to the bio-environment are not only
causing harm to the quality of human life, but are endangering the existence of all forms of life on our planet. Immediate
action is urged so that the nations have to cooperate in what
might be a new era of bio-diplomacy.
Dr. Vlavianos Arvanitis spoke at the annual conference
of the Alliance for Environmental Education, one of the
more expanded organizations for environmental education
in the United States, with a computer network of 100 univer-
24
President George Bush met with Dr. Agni Vlavianos-Arvanitis who is the President of the International Non-Profit
Organization B.1.0., during her last visit to the nations's
capital.
sities and environmental centers. Being a member of the
Board of Directors of the Alliance, Dr. Vlavianos Arvanitis
introduced a new dimension by exposing the ideals of the
International University for the Bio-Environment to the
participants of the conference. During her visit to Washington, D.C., Dr. Vlavianos Arvanitis was invited to the White
House where she met with President George Bush.
Dr. Agni Vlavianos-Arvanitis studied at Barnard College, Columbia University (B.A.), the New York University
(M.Sc.), the University of California Berkeley, the University of Paris and the University of Athens (Ph.D.). She
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
taught Biology and Human Genetics at the Academy of the
American Community Schools and at the University of
Maryland. She has edited books on molecular biology and
Biopolitics, and published scientific and literary works. Her
research work has been mainly on steroid receptors and
serotonin metabolism. As Vice-President of the International Science Foundation, she organized over 20 international conferences. She is the recipient of the Medal of the
City of Athens, the United Hospitals Volunteers Award, the
Leadership Award, the Plaque for Distinguished Service to
the Teaching Profession, the 5000 Personalities of the
World for Science to Science nomination by the International Biographical Roll of Honor, the Commemorative
Gold Medal of Honor for Outstanding Achievements and
Dedication to Personal and Professional Goals by the
American Biographical Institute and the Foremost Women
of the Twentieth Century nomination by the Cambridge
International Biographical Centre.
THE GOOD SHEPHERD — Father Chris Foustoukos
holds newborns Twinkie and Toffy in his Newburyport, MA
home.
Dr. Vlavianos-Arvanitis has lectured at M.I.T., at Harvard, at the United Nations and at universities throughout
the world. Bostonians in Who's Who in Bios included
Prof. Elias P. Gyftopoulos, Ford Professor of Mechanical
and Nuclear Engineering at M.I.T., and Dr. Nicholas A.
Ashford, Associate Professor of Technology and Policy at
M.I.T., where he teaches courses in regulatory law and policy, and technology and law.
Among the encouragements Dr. Vlavianos-Arvanitis
values the most was the one she received from the late
Ecumenical Patriarch Dimitrios which read, in part, "Your
efforts for the appreciation of the importance and holiness
of bios enhance the basic Christian faith in the purity of
nature and the whole creation, as well as in the outstanding
position of bios in it. Bios is a gift from God to His beloved
creation, especially to man... The rupture in the relations of
man with God and the natural environment is becoming
evident to many people as the main cause of problems with
environmental quality... The very encouraging efforts of the
Biopolitics International Organization to bring together
sciences with theology, philosophy and pedagogics and to
introduce new educational methods are serving the purpose
of the moral and spiritual ascension of man, based on new
values for God's gift, bios..." She also values a letter received
from Archbishop Iakovos who praised, thanked and conMAY, 1992
grattilated her for her accomplishments. "Your efforts
began with nothing, like the creation of the universe," wrote
His Eminence who expressed satisfaction that the concerns
of B.I.O. will result in positive alternatives for the balance
of science and environment. Archbishop Iakovos makes
every effort to attend Dr. Vlavianos-Arvanitis' lectures
when she is in New York.
When Dr. Vlavianos-Arvanitis spoke at the Annual
Conference of the Alliance for Environmental Education in
Washington, D.C., she concluded her remarks thusly:
"...Our belief is if we all work together, basing our bioenvironment, we can look to a bright future. Let me summarize this entire effort: a son of a friend, a bright 8-year-old
boy, asked his father, 'What are they doing to the environment?' The father, concerned, looked at his son, feeling a
little bit guilty, but not knowing what to say. And the boy
wondered again, 'I think I can have children, but will I be
able to have grandchildren?' This is what we are all really
working for: not only for the possibility of having grandchildren, but, realizing that we are a link in the chain that
must continue, we should work for the bright future of
many, many generations to come."
The next time Dr. Agni Vlavianos-Arvanitis is in Boston, make sure you attend one of her lectures.
THINK ABOUT IT With wings of the soul
I touch the golden waves of infinity
around heavenly beauty like light
sparkles rays with colours of flowers
whispers the soil, awakens the earth
not like a mother, just like a daughter
of the cycle of wear
and the infinite of the eternal
the melody of the universe
is surrounded by the rhythm of harmony.
(Agni Vlavianos-Arvanitis, 1984)
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"HANDS OF THE
SADDLEMAKER"
By Nicholas Samaras
Foreword by James Dickey
The winning volume in the 1991 Yale
Series of Younger Poets competition is
Hands of the Saddlemaker, by Nicholas
Samaras. As James Dickey, distinguished poet and judge of the competition, has said: "Nicholas Samaras'
poems are unique in their orientation
and display a linguistic audience. The
most engaging quality of his work is his
metaphysical internationalism, the note
of the eternal exile who yet finds remarkable and life-enhancing particularities
in the countries through which he
passes."
Nicholas Samaras was born in Foxton, Cambridgeshire, England, in 1954.
He was raised there and in Woburn,
Massacahusetts, and later settled in
New York. Samaras received his undergraduate degree from Hellenic College,
Brookline, Massachusetts, in 1978 and
a Masters of Fine Arts in 1985 from
Columbia University. He is currently
working on his Ph.D. in English and
creative writing at the University of
Denver. Samaras' poems have appeared
in such magazines as the New Yorker,
Poetry, and the American Scholar.
Among his honors and awards are a
New York Foundation for the Arts Poetry Fellowship in 1986, a Taylor Fellowship for study abroad in 1981-82, a prize
from the Academy of American Poets
in 1983, and a nomination for the Pushcart Prize XV in 1990.
GREECE
COMMEMORATES
ARRIVAL OF
SEPHARDIC JEWS
This year Greece is commemorating
the 500th anniversary of the welcome
accorded the Jews in Thessaloniki and
other Greek cities in 1492 following
their expulsion from Spain and Portugal by the Inquisition.
The commemoration is being marked
by special exhibits about Jewish life in
Greece, including Greek collections of
Jewish art at the Folklore Museums in
Thessaliniki and Athens.
When the Sephardim, as the Spanish
and Portuguese Jews were called,
arrived in Thessaloniki and other Greek
cities they found thriving Jewish communities that had already existed for
more than 2,000 years. Greeks and Jews
had long mingled throughout the eastern Mediterranean from the time of
Alexander the Great. Their presence in
Thessaloniki dates from 316 BC, when
the founder of Thessaloniki, Kassandros, a Macedonian general, invited
Jewish artisans to help build the new
city he named for his wife, Alexander's
sister.
Among other projects marking the
quincentenary of the Sephardin in
Greece, are the restorations, being
undertaken by the Ministry of Culture
in cooperation with Greece's Jewish
community, of historic synagogues in
Veria in Macedonia, on the island of
Aegina in the Saronic Gulf, and in Chania on the island of Crete.
In another commemorative proposal,
the city of Thessaloniki is selecting a site
to create a forest of 70,000 trees in
honor of the Greek Jews lost to the
holocaust of World War II.
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GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
ONA SPIRIDELLIS FOR CONGRESS
First Greek-American Woman in New Jersey
Ona Spiridellis, a 27-year resident of Spiridellis plans to bring the same dediMorris County, has announced her can- cation and commitment that she has
didacy for New Jersey's Eleventh Con- shown towards the Greek Orthodox
gressional District. She is also the first Church and apply it in the House of
Greek-American woman to run for Representatives.
Congress in the history of New Jersey.
Ona Spiridellis' dedication toward
A successful businesswoman and her Church has spanned 35 consecutive
presently an executive with the New Jer- years. One of the highlights of her life
sey Division of Consumer Affairs, Ona came in 1985 when she became the first
appointed woman to the Diocesan
Council.
For the past 35 years, One Spiridellis
has been active with all church related
organizations. She began her devotion
to the Church as a 13-year-old Sunday
School teacher at Saint Demetrios,
Newark, N.J. As she matured, she
played an active role in the Sr.
G.O.Y.A.'s nationwide efforts to establish a fund to create the Theological
Chapel at Brookline. Ona Spiridellis
moved on to become a major fundraiser
for both the Saint Andrew's Building
Fund and the Philoptochos of Randolph, N.J. She presently serves on the
executive Parish Council of Saints Constantine and Helen in Orange, N.J.
Ona Spiridellis has displayed the
same commitment to other civic causes
as well. Last year, she chaired the first
statewide New Jersey fundraiser for the
Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Greek Children's Fund. As a businesswoman, she often donated her time
and resources to Hope House of Dover,
N.J., which assists local senior citizens.
A devoted wife for 27 years to Kosmas, Ona Spiridellis understands the
importance of family values. She has
three children: Trent, 24, a financial
analyst, Anthyanna, 21, currently a student at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland,
and Nicole, a student at Mountain
Lakes High School.
27
THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA "Kyrkostas" Music
HONORS ALEC P. COUR TELIS by Pianist Koras-Bain
Pictures at the recent award ceremony are, left to right: UF President John Lombardi, Courtelis, UF College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Dean Willard Harrisson,
and UF Center for Greek Studies co-directors Leo Polopolus and Karelisa
Hartigan. (UF photo by Jeffrey Gage).
GAINESVILLE — The University of
Florida Center for Greek Studies has
named Alec P. Courtelis, member of the
Board of Regents of the State University System, the recipient of its 1992
Distinguished Public Service Award.
This award, a special honor since it is
not presented annually, is given to people of Hellenic descent who have demonstrated exemplary service to the
citizens of Florida and the United
States. The only previous recipients are
Paul N. Pappas, former State of Florida
secretary of transportation; Michael
Bilirakis, U.S. congressman for Florida's Ninth District, and John P. Rousakis, mayor of Savannah.
Courtelis, founder and president of
Courtelis Companies, has been a leader
in real estate development for more
than a quarter of a century. He has
focused attention on improving the
quality of education in America
through his efforts on the Board of
FOR ALL YOUR
SOCIAL AFFAIRS
Regents, the Armand Hammer United
World College of the American West
and the International Board of the United World Colleges. In addition, he is a
leader in the Hellenic Fund for
Education.
Political process is also of great interest to Courtelis, who currently serves as
finance chairman of the Republican
Party of Florida. He served as finance
chairman of the Fund for America's
Future, Florida "Victory '88" and the
"George Bush for President" campaign
for the state of Florida.
Courtelis attended schools in Egypt
and received his bachelor's degree in
civil engineering from the University of
Miami. He and his wife, Louise Hufstader Courtelis, are the parents of a son
and daughter, Pan and Kiki. In 1970 the
family founded Town and Country
Farms, an Ocala farm that is the largest
breeding and training operation of Arabian horses in the United States.
Athenians
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28
On Sunday, May 17 and Tuesday,
May 19, in the New Music Building
Concert Hall at Queens College, Composer Ron Caltabiano and Pianist
Aglaia Koras-Bain will perform "Ellis
Island" and "Notes on a Byzantine
Empress," works of the late American
composer Mark Kyrkostas, who died of
AIDS in 1990. This "Meet the Composer" and "Meet the Pianist" program
is sponsored by the Anthropology
Museum of the People of New York.
Admission is $8.00 for the general public and $5.00 for members of the
Museum. A wine and cheese reception
in the New Atrium will follow the
program.
Pianist Koras-Bain, a graduate of the
Curtis Institute of Music, studied with
Rudolph Serkin and was a recipient of
the Curtis Alumni Award for three consecutive years. Protege of Gina
Bachauer, this very talented young
woman will perform, in addition to the
works of Kyrkostas, popular works of
Rachmaninoff, Chopin and Scarlatti.
In addition to her appearance at the
College, she will tour Europe this season, and is scheduled to perform at
Alice Tully Hall on December 3, 1992.
Koras-Bain has added the workd of
Kyrkostas to her repertoire because of
the emotional impact the music has on
her audiences. The Memorial, Carnegie, and Classical Arabic cassette tapes
of the music, performed by Kyrkostas,
will be available for sale at this event.
KOURVETARIS PLANS
EUROPEAN
CONFERENCE
European scholars and NIU's George
Kourvetaris are planning a conference
on European integration in Athens,
Greece. In addition, Kourvetaris and
another colleague from the University
of Crete are editing a reader on "The
Political Sociology of European Integration." Included will be articles by
scholars from England, France, Greece,
Holland, Germany and Italy. Also, two
courses are being prepared for presentation at La Verne University of Kifissia,
Athens: "Sociology of European Communities" and the "Sociology of Eastern
Mediterranean Societies and Cultures."
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
Hellenic Profiles
ELIZABETH PAPPAS of Boston,
Mass. has been appointed Vice President of operations at the prestigious
firm of Cosmopoulos, Crowley & Daly.
Prior to the merger of this firm Ms.
Pappas was the financial director for
Chalfin, Kostopoulos & Gilmore/ CKG, for the past six years. A very
talented economic expert, she has held
many financial positions within the
agency. She is a native of Mass. and
attended Middlesex College. She is the
only female serving on the board of
directors and her activities include
membership in a number of civic and
cultural organizations in the greater
Boston Bay area.
CHAPLAIN DEAN HOUNTALAS
has been awarded the Army Achievement Medal for exceptional service
while serving with the 76th Division. He
distinguished himself by introducing a
highly effective religious program
throughout the Brigade. His dedicated
efforts uplifted the morale of the troops
and brought credit upon the entire unit.
As a first lieutenant he has served in the
U.S. Army Reserve for several years
while serving as the pastor of the St.
Nicholas Church in Portsmouth, N.H.
ented an expo of his paintings recently
in Providence, R.I. He was the designated winner of the Lena Newcastle
Award for his "Still Life at Steeple."
This is the fourth time he has been
honored by the prestigious American
Watercolor Society during the past six
years. He was appointed Helen Danforth Professor at the Rhode Island
School of Design in 1991, earned his
B.A. in 1950 and has taught drawing
and painting since 1962. During this
period he has served as head of the Illustration Dept. for more than 20 years.
Sgouros has been acclaimed as a master
of still life for his luminous watercolors.
NICHOLAS ROYCE, the celebrated
film and video coordinator of Family
Theater Productions in Los Angeles,
Calif., was recently cited by "Women In
Film" for being the most active male
supporter in their organization. Royce,
a semi-retired dancer, was known as
"The Greek Fred Astaire" in the 1940's
and 50's, hoofing from Army camps, to
supper clubs and television shows. An
outspoken champion of many humanitarian causes, he now dedicates his efforts
to the homeless, AIDS benefits and to
promoting an awareness of the Greek
Orthodox Church. Royce is the last of
the Hellenes who danced on the Silver
Screen. They included George Raft
(Bolero), Steve Condos (Moon Over
Miami) and the legendary Hermes Pan,
who was Fred Astaire's choreographer
and alter ego. For their artistic contributions to Americana I say thanks for
the memories.
GEORGE STEPHANOPOULOS is
the deputy campaign manager for Gov.
Bill Clinton's presidential juggernaut
and issues press releases regarding strategy and policy decisions. He was very
instrumental in Clinton's sweeping victories in Connecticut, Kansas, Wisconsin and New York. This dynamic young
Hellene — he is only 29 — has served in
the U.S. Congress as an aide to Congressman Feigin (D-Ohio) and with BESS PAPPAS of Melrose, Mass., was
House Majority Whip Richard named the "Woman of Vision" by the
Gephardt. Now that Clinton has the Mass. Society to Prevent Blindness. The
presidential nomination within grasp he award was presented in Belmont, Mass.
will pursue the major issues confronting recently. As a result of her tireless
the nation's ailing economy. George is efforts she has helped hundreds of
the son of Rev. Robert Stephanopou- young children and adults who had
los, Dean of the Holy Trinity Cathedral vision illness to receive medical treatin Manhattan. He was quoted recently ment. She has worked primarily at the
in the Daily News, saying, "We've got Children's Hospital where she has
the momentum, we've got the message." volunteered more than 20,000 hours.
She is the founder and president of the
Hellenic Cardiac Fund which she has
headed for 18 years. Her other volunTHOMAS SGOUROS, the awardteer efforts include the Dana Farber
winning painter and illustrator, presMAY, 1992
By Thomas Spelios
Cancer Institute; Beth Israel Hospital;
and Shriner's Hospital. She has been
honored by a score of organizations and
churches including the Daughters of the
American Revolution, the National
Council of Christians & Jews and the
Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of
Greater Boston.
NEAL ZOUMBOUKOS, the assistant
football coach at the University of
Oregon, has just completed his 25th
year of collegiate coaching. A native of
San Francisco, he attended the University of California at Davis where he
excelled in track and football. Before
joining Oregon he coached the Davis
Mustangs and won seven consecutive
championships. During his long and
distinguished career he coached 13 first
team players and three All-American
athletes.
DORA BAKOYIANNIS, the daughter
of Premier Constantine Mitsotakis, was
one of the recipients of the 1992 International Leadership Awards presented by
the Women's International Center at
FOR ALL YOUR
SOCIAL AFFAIRS
Athenians
GREEK • AMERICAN BAND
TIMOS AMIRIDIS
(516) 928-5916
29
San Diego, Calif. She is a member of the
Greek Parliament and an outspoken
champion of social change and equal
rights for women. The award was presented by Dr. Marianne Irene McDonald, a great scholar and philhellene,
who created the Thesaurus Linguae
Graecae, a Greek Literary Data bank in
Irvine, Calif. Although Mrs. Bakoyiannis was unable to attend the ceremony
she acknowledged the honor with a
heartfelt telegram to Dr. McDonald.
After the assassination of her husband,
Pavlos Bakoyiannis, by terrorists she
was elected to his seat in Parliament in
1989. Her tireless efforts have been dedicated to advancing the cause of
women's rights especially in the remote
poverty stricken regions of Greece.
SOTIRIOS J. VAHAVIOLOS, Ph.D.,
Physical Acoustics Corp. (PAC), Princeton, N.J., was elected and installed as
vice president of The American Society
for Nondestructive Testing, Inc.
(ASNT) for the 1991-1992 year during
the Society's 50th Anniversary Fall
Conference in Boston, Mass. Dr. Vahaviolos is president and chief executive
officer of PAC; chairman and chief
executive officer of Rockland Scientific
Corp:, N.J., and chairman of Dunegan
Corp., Calif. An ASNT Fellow, so
designated for his significant contributions to the advancement of nondestructive testing (NDT), he has been
instrumental in the establishment and
development of acoustic emission (AE)
as an accepted NDT method. He has
arranged joint world conferences
30
between the Society and other
renowned technical organizations, and
was instrumental in uniting various AE
groups within the Society. As a world
renowned authority in NDT, he has
organized numerous international conferences and technical sessions for
ASNT and the world NDT community.
A past ASNT director and the immediate past treasurer of the Society, he is
currently chairman of the International
and Reorganization committees and a
ember of the Awards and Strategic
Planning committees. As International
Committee Chairman, he works to promote NDT harmonization with the
other NDT societies and also serves as
chairman for several International
Standard Organization (ISO) committees. Dr. Vahaviolos is a Fellow of the
Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers (IEEE) and Acoustic Emission Working Group (AEWG) and was
named winner of IEEE's Meritorious
Award in 1979 and "Outstanding
Young Engineer and Key to the Future
for Industrial Electronics" by IEEE in
1984. He is a member of Sigma Xi, the
scientific honorary society, the New
York Academy of Sciences and several
other technical and honorary societies.
He has written more than 75 publications, holds 17 patents worldwide and
has also written several standards for
the American Society for Testing and
Materials (ASTM). He received a B.S.
in electrical engineering from Fairleigh
Dickinson University, and an M.S. and
Ph.D. in electrical engineering and a
M.S. in philosophy from Columbia
University, New York.
tee for the Wells Public Library. At the
last municipal election on April 4, 1992,
Minadakis, a resident for only 8 months
in Wells, received 652 votes and was
elected to the Board of Library Trustees
for one year.
TIDBITS
JAMES KERASIOTES serves as the
Commissioner of Public Works for
Mass. He serves on the cabinet of Gov.
William Weld... DINA NICHOLAOU
is the Art Director of World Health
ASNT is a professional/technical
association which crosses the disciplines
of science, engineering and technology.
Founded in 1941, the Society is composed of more than 10,000 members in
91 local sections throughout the United
States and three foreign countries. Its
mission is to promote the discipline of
NDT as a profession and facilitate NDT
research and the application of NDT
technology; and to provide members
with a forum for exchange of NDT
information, a source for NDT educational materials and programs, and
training and services for the qualification of NDT personnel.
NICHOLAS J. MINADAKIS, the
former director of the Chelsea Public
Library for 24 years who moved to
Wells, Maine, after his retirement last
August, has been elected Library TrusGREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
Communications, Inc. She is a graduate
of SVA in Manhattan... HELEN
APOSTOLIDES has been appointed
Principal of the Welch School in Peabody, Mass. She has served more than 22
years in the state's school system...
NICHOLAS TGETTIS has just produced a tape of his original music for
violin, piano and clarinet plus the
Sonata Saga, Pendragon Productions,
Salem, Mass... DIANE KAVILIS who
toured for several years with the musical
"Cats" has returned to "A Chorus
Line." She completed a three-month
tour in Japan with Robbin's Broadway.
Diane is a very talented thespian whose
name will light up a Broadway marquee
in the very near future... MARIA PAPPAS was named YWCA Woman of the
Year at an annual banquet held in
Youngstown, Ohio. She has served for
more than 10 years in the elementary
school system and received her BA and
MA degrees from YSU and many
honors and awards for her tireless public service... NICHOLAS KAZAN, the
talented son of director-actor ELIA
KAZAN, has produced a dramatic new
play entitled "Blood Moon" which deals
with date rape. The Arena Players are
staging this work at Stage Theater in
East Farmingdale, Long Island...
MAY, 1992
EVANGELOS KYRIAZIS, founder
and managing director of World Trade
Network, Ltd., says his rapidly growing
company will be participating in Poseidonia, the largest merchant marine
expo in the world, in June 1992 in
Piraeus. His firm is based out of Minneapolis, Minnesota... ANGELIKI
MATIATOS-ACLIN is the Art Director for Fusion Graphics, Inc.... The
painting of the late TULA CHRISTOPHER, wife of the former Mayor of
San Francisco, GEORGE CHRISTOPHER, was exhibited in San Mateo,
Calif. She was considered an inspired
and talented artist. She passed away in
1990... JOANNE AKALAITIS, the
director of the N.Y. Shakespeare Festival is presenting the John Ford play
"Tis Pity She's A Whore" at the Public
Theater on Lafayette Street in Manhattan... a 17th century drama, set in 1930
Fascist Italy... ALEXANDER MALTEZOS is Vice President for Engineering at AT & T Telecommunications. He
is the inventor of the multilingual payphone and is based in Manhattan...
MARIETTA ANASTASSATOS, a
graduate of SVA, is the Art Director for
the Dell Publishing Corp... AMELIA
CATAKIS is the chairman-elect of the
educational standards division of the
American Dietetic Assoc. based in
Washington, DC... AUDREY
KATINAS-RAZGAITAS is the senior
Designer for the Conde Nast Corp.
BOB COSTAS, well known GreekAmerican sports commentator was
recently hailed as "the model for all"
sportscasters by Jack Craig of the Boston Globe. Costas, besides covering
numerous athletic events, also has a
national sports radio show on Sunday
evenings... KYLE CHEPULIS is the set
Designer for the new play, "Homo
Sapien Shuffle" now playing at the
Susan Shiva Theater in Manhattan...
MARK MAMAKOS, a 14-year old
freshman from San Francisco, is a great
varsity basketball player. He stands 6'
4" and besides basketball he plays
soccer, tennis, plays the piano and is a
grandmaster in chess... a young man for
all seasons... THEONI ALDREDGE
designed the costumes for the new
Broadway musical, "The High Rollers
Social Club" now playing at the Helen
Hayes Theater in New York...
SUSANNE COSTALLOS is appearing
in the new play "Peacetime" in the role
of Adela Singer. The choreography is
by CONSTANCE VALIS-HILL...
31
which promotes the construction industry in the northeast... DR. PETER
COKKINIAS has been appointed to
the Berklee College of Music in Boston
as professor of woodwinds...
DR. MICHAEL ALEXIADES is a
member of the Core Faculty at Lenox
Hill Hospital where he serves with the
celebrated sports-medical expert DR.
JAMES NICHOLAS. The Nicholas
Pavilion was named as a tribute to his
many years of service to a vast number
of athletic teams in the greater New
York area...
KOSTA TSIPIS directs the program in
science and technology for international security at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. He published a
splendid article about "Star Wars" in
the New York Times recently... ALEX
TAVOULARIS is the production
designer for the new movie "Beethoven," a Universal release... HOPE
VERU is the Business Manager for the
stylish Egg Magazine in New York. A
fourth generation Greek-American, she
is an active member of AHI the Greek
Network... ZOE TALEPOROS plays
the role of Jane in the new theatrical
production, "Four Baboons Adoring
the Sun" at Lincoln Center... GEORGE
VERAS is the Executive Producer of
CBS Sports in Manhattan... CYNTHIA GREGORY gave a splendid performance with the French ballet group
Dances Patrelle at the French Institute
in N.Y... PHILIP ANGELIDIS is the
Chairman of the Democratic Party in
California. He warns that the road
ahead to the November elections is
going to be a long, tough struggle, espe-
cially in an atmosphere of economic
stagnation... DONNA KOULAS is the
first woman ever appointed president of
the Northeast Builders Association
PROF. THOMAS DOULIS of Portland State University gave a very informative lecture at the Onassis Center
in NYU, on the Asia Minor Greeks
and the catastrophe of 1922 when the
Turks burned Smyrna... IKE PAPPAS, former CBS Washington anchorman, now is heading his own film
productions, IKE Inc., making documentary films. His most recent production is "Heroes of the Badge" which has
just won two major industry awards as
an outstanding public relations video.
Ike is very active in the AHI Network
and was a charter member... GEORGE
CAPSIS, an international marketing
consultant, is exhorting GreekAmericans to invest in the former
Soviet Union. He says great opportunities exist in the Russian films and videos,
especially the Lenfilm Studios...
TASHA PANARITES, former assistant attorney for Montgomery County,
Maryland, has joined the firm of Coyne,
Savits & Lopata in Washington, DC...
ANGELA SKOURAS is Graphic
Designer for Rolling Stone Magazine... DR. CONSTANTINOS CH10NIDIS gave a very vivid lecture about
the Greek colonies in Sicily. In antiquity
so many Greek cities flourished in Italy
and Sicily that it was called Magna
Graecia or "Greater Greece."
HISTORICAL TRIVIA
GREEKS WHO SERVED DURING
THE CIVIL WAR (1860-1865)
Several prominent Greek-Americans
served the Union and the Confederacy
more than 130 years ago. Capt.
GEORGE COLVOCORESSIS, who
was born on the island of Chios, became
an officer in the Union Navy and commanded the warship USS Saratoga. His
son became Rear Admiral GEORGE
PARTRIDGE COLVOCORESSIS
and served during the SpanishAmerican War (1898). Later he became
Commandant of the U.S. Naval
Academy at Annapolis. ALEXANDER DIMITRY was born in New
Orleans in 1801 of a Greek immigrant
father who came to Louisiana from the
island of Hydra in 1799. Dimitry served
in the Louisiana State School System as
superintendent. He became a very distinguished lawyer, diplomat and journalist. He spoke 11 languages. In 1839
he was the mediator in the US-Mexican
claims dispute. In 1859 President James
Buchanan appointed him U.S. Minister
to Costa Rica. When the Civil War
began in 1861 he resigned his post to
serve the Confederacy. later Confederate President Jefferson Davis appointed
him to his cabinet as Chief of Confederate Postal Services. Alexander Dimitry,
a distinguished Hellene from Dixie,
died in his native city on January 30,
1883.
GROUNDBREAKING FOR ARCHBISHOP
IAKOVOS SENIOR CITIZEN COMPLEX
City Officials Help HANAC Celebrate
From left to right, front: HANAC Chairman George Douris; HANAC President
Peter J. Pappas; HANAC Executive Director John Kaiteris; His Eminence Archbishop lakovos; Father Evangelos Kourounis; Speaker of the City Council Peter
Vallone; and, HANAC Chairman-elect John Catsimatidis.
"The rain is the blessing from heaven."
With those words, His Eminence
Archbishop Iakovos concluded his consecration of the site that will bear his
name... the Archbishop Iakovos Senior
Citizen Housing Complex.
As elected officials and distinguished
guests took turns paying homage to His
Eminence and the people of HANAC,
Crystal Palace
(Oyster Bay)
31-01 BROADWAY, ASTORIA, N.Y.
TEL: (718) 545-8402
and as cameras flashed under the
shroud of a threatening sky that had
given way to showers, the housing complex officially began construction on
the corner of 21st Street and Broadway,
in Astoria.
When completed, the building will
have 100 units (24 studios, 75 onebedroom apartments, and one twobedroom apartment), a state-of-the-art
medical facility for residents, a chapel, a
community room, and a roof and outdoor garden. A lunch program, social
services, and recreation programs are
only part of the overall plan.
In addition to His Eminence Archbishop lakovos, at the ceremony, were
Lieutenant Governor Stan Lundine,
Speaker of the City Council Peter Vallone, Queens Borough President Claire
Shulman, Congressman Tom Manton,
Senator George Onorato, Assemblyman Dennis Butler, Retired Commissioner of New York State Crime
Victims Compensation Board Angelo
Petromelis, Consul General of Greece
Stratos Doukas, Consul General of
Cyprus Elias Eliades, Contractor Milton Novi, Architect John Anastasi of
Ross & Anastasi, as well as the following HANAC officers: Chairman George
Douris, Chairman-elect John Catsima-
Crystal Palace
East
21-43 BOUNDARY AVE, FARMINGDALE
TEL: (516) 293-1330
AVErec, 7-(021T10,1dVE; afflovo-E; yia 6.1E; tic
KoivwviKgc aac EK617/1thaeic, 16ianiKgg- Kai avA/loyiKec
AS6Apoi TOM Kat II12A KAAAMAPAE
MAY, 1992
33
bility for removal of the dirt became a
bureaucratic volley ball, unresolved
until recently.
The delay lasted long enough for the
contamination in the soil to evaporate.
All the people responsible for environmental standards in the city have given
the location a clean bill of health.
"It was especially moving to see all
these people at the ceremony," said
Chairman Douris. "There were days I
never thought I'd live to see this blessing
take place. But now we can celebrate.
Another service will be in place for the
needy elderly in our area."
After the groundbreaking ceremony and blessing at the site of the HANAC Archbishop Iakovos Senior Citizen Center, the guests re-convened at the Crystal Palace
for a celebratory luncheon. Here, HANAC Chairman George Douris presents His
Eminence with a plaque honoring his outstanding leadership of the Greek Church.
tidis, President Peter Pappas, Administrator George Sarant, and Executive
Director John Kaiteris.
Among the clergy gracing the occasion were Metropolitan Silas, Bishop
Philotheos of Meloa, Bishop Alexios of
Troas, and Father Alex Karloutsos.
"It's very satisfying to finally insert
the first official shovel in the ground,"
said Douris. "We've waded through
years of delays and red tape to reach this
moment."
The long-awaited ground breaking
climaxed a six year process which
included a long delay due to contaminated ground caused by an underground leak allegedly traced to a gas
station across the street. The responsi-
At the luncheon in Astoria's Crystal
Palace following the on-site blessing
and ceremony, Toastmaster Petromelis
presided over a dais of prominent
guests. Included in the program was the
presentation of a plaque for Senator
Alphonse D'Amato, so instrumental in
aiding HANAC during the beginning
stages of this project. The commemoration was delightfully accepted by Mrs.
D'Amato, the Senator's mother.
The highlight, though, was administered by Archbishop Iakovos himself,
who shocked the luncheon guests and
the HANAC Chairman by nominating
Mr. Douris for the Patriarch Athenagoras Human Rights Award, presented by
the Order of St. Andrew. Past recipients
include such notables as President
Jimmy Carter and Mother Theresa.
The Archbishop Iakovos Senior Citizen Housing Complex is another in a
long history of services provided by
HANAC for people in need all over the
metropolitan area. Plans are currently
underway to build an AIDS Hospice in
New York City that will include a facility specifically for HIV-infected
children.
"We are thankful for so many things
today," said HANAC President Peter
Pappas. "The people of HANAC are a
committed group who stop at nothing
to achieve their goals if the quality of
needy people's lives are at stake. As an
extension, we create excitement and a
sense of urgency in those who can help,
like the politicians and city officials here
today. It's a wonderful accomplishment, and we take great pride in it."
Construction of the Archbishop
Iakovos Senior Citizen Housing Complex begins immediately, and is scheduled for completion early next year.
34
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
HELLENIC TIMES
SCHOLARSHIP DINNER DANCE
`‘ •
Left to Right: Nick Katsoris, John Catsimatidis, Margo Catsimatidis, Ernie Anastos, Nina Anastos, making plans for dinner at CBS studios.
The Hellenic Times will sponsor the
First Annual Hellenic Times/Youth
Connection Scholarship Dinner Dance
at the New York Hilton Hotel on Friday, May 29, 1992. Ernie Anastos, CBS
News Anchor, will be on hand to distribute the 1992 Hellenic Times Scholarships to several Greek-American
students. The Chairman of the event
will be Nick Katsoris, Youth Editor of
the Hellenic Times. The Co-chairs of
the event will be Margo Catsimatidis,
President of the Hellenic Times, John
Catsimatidis, Publisher of the Hellenic
Tithes and Mr. and Mrs. Alex Anagnos.
The theme of this year's event is
"Today's students are tomorrow's hope,
let's give them a chance."
The Hellenic Times Scholarship
Fund was started in 1989 when over 500
Greek-American youth attended the
first Youth Connection fundraiser at
Norma Jean's, a club in Baldwin, Long
Island. The first set of scholarships were
subsequently granted last year at an
event at the League in New York. Ernie
Anastos was on hand to give out the
scholarships to four students from Boston College Law School, Cornell, University of Virginia and University of
Miami. This year the need for scholarMAY, 1992
ship revenue has vastly increased as the
Hellenic Times has received nearly 200
applications. Seven thousand dollars
in scholarships will be awarded.
All proceeds from this event this May
will benefit the Hellenic Times Scholarship Fund. The event will begin at 7:00
(cocktails) and 8:00 (dinner). Music will
be provided by a Greek band and a D.J.
Ticket prices are as follows: $100 per
ticket; $65 for Youth tickets (including
students, members of the GOYAL,
Sons and Maids, Young Cretan
Society, Cathedral Fellowship, Kastorian Youth Society); Benefactor tickets
are $300 per ticket; and tables of 10
may be also purchased. For reservations contact The Hellenic Times at
(212) 986-6881.
rEthpylOc K. (1303Kac
6IKHTOPOE I7AP' APElf2
nara
11AEHE (I)YEEQE
YTIOOEEEIE EAE Ell-IN EAAAAA
MacioaXiac 12 - TappCov 17
Aetivai
TO.: 360-9086 - 522-0260
35
IN MEMORY
FAREWELL TO AN OLD FRIEND...
It was shortly after World War II. naire Mimi back in Athens. As the
Greece, devastated by the German divorce of the irresistible ladies' man
occupation and the disastrous commu- was still lingering, his last love Pola
nist guerrilla attacks, did not offer many Kyratsaki, had to find a way to join him
opportuniti6 for ambitious young peo- in the States. A chemist in her own
ple. A group of well-known Athenians right, she managed to join an exchange
decided to cross the Atlantic and reach student program which gave her the
America in search of a new life. One of right to be admitted in the country. The
them was Dimitris Dardoufas.
young couple got married in New York
Mimis, as he was known to his and got a small apartment on the west
friends, was not an immigrant in the side. Yet, although Mimi's import busiaccepted meaning of the word. His ness was in the city, Pola's enrollment
father, descendent of an old family from was all the way in New Jersey. That
Kozani, had established in Athens the meant that more than four hours a day
largest glove factory in that part of the were spent in commuting... But that did
world. Mimis, with his diploma in Law not prevent their little apartment from
from the University of Munich, had just being immaculate and a gathering place
returned to take over the family busi- for their numerous friends. Furtherness when the war errupted. The indus- more, during lunch hour at her school,
Pola managed to learn bridge, as this
try, like everything else, came to a stop.
Dimitri Dardoufas, the eldest of five game was her husband's favorite and in
brothers, faced the situation aggres- which he excelled.
It is not very clear what made Dimitri
sively. Instead of lingering around waiting for better days in the glove industry, Dardoufa finally choose the career that
he decided to come to New York and made him so successful in relatively a
make a new start. His brother Kimon, very short time. He joined New York
Life Insurance. Within three years he
number three in the echelon, followed
was in the top ten agents of that
his determination.
Back home, the rebirth of the busi- immense organization and shortly after
ness was left to the two younger broth- was the second man in the greater New
York area. He got awards and nominaers, Alekos and George. Number two
tions,
and the couple, a living example
brother, Napoleon by name, had just
of
love
and devotion, lived happily from
passed away leaving behind a onemonth-old son, Costis, who after gra- then on... Until the last couple of years.
duating from Cornell, is currently the
Mimi, since his early years, had a senforemost English professor in Athens. sitive breathing problem. His last visit
Accustomed to being his own boss, to his beloved Athens disturbed his
Mimis Dardoufas could not accept the health because of the pollution. He linidea of being employed. He went on his gered nicely but all his friends agreed
own. The first years were difficult. One that without Pola's extraordinary devotion he would not have reached his late
business followed the other, none to his
seventies. His kind nature made him
complete satisfaction. But at the same
most lovable. But together with his chatime a silver star shown in his otherwise
rismatic nature and his inborn instinct
gloomy firmament. It appeared in the
form of an extraordinary woman who
for public relations, Pola's assistance
had fallen in love with handsome, debowas the driving force. In later years,
36
dropping her own career, she got the
necessary license for insurances and ran
her husband's office. Even people who
during the course of the years had regrettable misunderstandings never
stopped admitting that they formed an
exceptional couple.
It is sad to see you go, Mimi. You
were one of the very last of the "Athenian" group in New York, one who still
believed that tradition, respect, and dignity still count. You are gone and
replacements are getting scarce. All of
us from the old school will retain a nostalgic memory of you and your world...
Farewell until we meet again under
the shadow of Mount Hymettus.
I.L.
TYPESETTING
FOR
BOOKS, JOURNALS
OTHER
PUBLICATIONS
CALL: (212) 967-5017
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
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Jerry Mendelson
at the Piano and Organ
Entertains Nightly
CLOSED MONDAYS
Catering Facilities
(201) 327-1020
30 N. SPRUCE STREET
RAMSEY, N.J.
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
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SOME VERY SPECIAL CRITICS
PRAISE ROMEOS RESTAURANT
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yto rric m6. Mikrow Et)011iiou Kai TOV rnXerrapouataarij Ernie Anastos, liTaV Ind
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Relief pc Ta OITOICE GUyKEVTPCIATIKUV 10.000
SOU. AK01111 Kai cuipepa, >1 GEPliGiAtet Kai
totairepa erycurryni alto eaouc itpLaflurepa,
StvEL peatrak Kai 1.1a0liparct rrtavou!
4 4 By Jupiter all the Gods agree, the
Greek cuisine at ROMEOS is fantastic!,,
—ZEUS
4 I love the interplay
4 4 ChefJohn Cicinelli has done
wonders with my bounty!,9
—POSEIDON
--\
)
of food and wine!,9
—DIONYSUS
4 After the sun is set I love to park my chariot and
settle in for a great meal at ROMEOS restaurant!,9
—APOLLO
For the ultimate in innovative Greek cuisine come to the new Romeos restaurant.
Its the affordable Greek restaurant right in the heart of Manhattan.
Exceptional service in an attractive, comfortable setting.
Your hosts — The Manessis family.
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44
TMEOS
FOR LOVERS OF FINE GREEK FOOD
120 East 15th Street,
(corner Irving Place)
995-9700
REDUCED RATE PARKING FOR DINNER GUESTS
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
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numpodu
BROKEN
PROMISES
TURKEY'S CONTRIBUTION TO
THE NEW WORLD ORDER
THE OLIVE BRANCH IS A SYMBOL OF
HELPED TURKEY TO CONSOLIDATE A POLICY
PEACE. AND CYPRUS IS THE ONLY COUNTRY TO
THAT HAS BEEN CONDEMNED
DISPLAY THIS EMBLEM ON ITS NATIONAL FLAG.
INTERNATIONALLY AS
BUT TURKEY BROKE THE BRANCH OF PEACE
WHEN IT INVADED THAT
COUNTRY IN 1974.
IT HAS IGNORED
UNITED NATIONS
ANKARA HAS BEEN
TROOPS FROM CYPRUS.
REWARDED WITH $11 BILLION
OCCUPIED AREAS BY IMPORTING
COOPERATE IN THE SEARCH FOR A CYPRUS
SINCE 1974
THE WITHDRAWAL OF TURKISH
ITS PRESENCE IN THE
BROKEN PROMISE AFTER PROMISE TO
OUTRAGED THAT
RESOLUTIONS CALLING FOR
INSTEAD IT HAS REINFORCED
FOR NEARLY 18 YEARS ANKARA HAS
ILLEGAL. WE ARE
IN U.S. MILITARY AID AND DONE NOTHING IN
RETURN TO SOLVE THE CYPRUS PROBLEM.
ISN'T IT TIME SOMEBODY TOLD TURKEY
THOUSANDS.OF TURKISH SETTLERS IN A
ITS WAY OUT OF LINE? IS THIS AN EXAMPLE OF
CALCULATED EFFORT TO ALTER THE ISLAND'S
THE 'NEW WORLD ORDER', MR. PRESIDENT? THE
DEMOGRAPHIC BALANCE.
IT HAS STEADILY ERODED THE HERITAGE
BROKEN BRANCH OF BROKEN PROMISES?
LET'S STOP PASSING THE BUCK AND
AND CULTURE OF THE LAND IT OCCUPIES,
TELL TURKEY THE DECEPTION'S GONE ON FOR
SOLUTION, CONTENT TO SMILE, SIT BACK, AND
DESECRATING CHRISTIAN CHURCHES AND
LONG ENOUGH. IT'S TIME TO SOLVE THE CYPRUS
TAKE OUR TAX DOLLARS. IT HAS STEADILY
IMPOSING ITS WILL FROM THE BARREL OF A GUN.
PROBLEM ONCE AND FOR ALL.
BUILT UP A REPUTATION AS THE CAPITAL OF
UNKEPT PLEDGES
AS AMERICAN CITIZENS, WE ARE
OUTRAGED THAT OUR TAX DOLLARS HAVE
OVER TO YOU, MR. PRESIDENT
International Coordinating Cornm,rte,AJstick for Cyprus 23.15 31st Street, Astona, NY 1105, Tel: 718-545-3533 • United Hellenic American Congress • Cyprus Federation of America • Pancyprian Association of America
North Carolina Cyprus Committee • Federation of Hellenic Societies of New York • Dynamo of California • Order of AHEPA Cyprus Hellenic Affairs Committee
46
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW