An ... Unholy Inquisition Editorials

Editorials
An ... Unholy Inquisition
Dr. Peter Diamandopoulos, President of Adelphi,
Victim of his own success
Dr. Peter Diamandopoulos, President of Adelphi University, after facing a long, well orchestrated, and unprecedented
attack, is now subjected to an unholy inquisition before a panel
of the Board of Regents of the State of New York. He is the
victim of his own success.
At the time he came to Adelphi University in 1985, the institution was on the verge of collapse. In the words of Dr. John
Silber, the Chancellor and former president of Boston University, testifying before the Board of Regents "It was not clear
that anything could be done to save that institution from bankruptcy." But, he said, Dr. Diamandopoulos turned the situation
around. After a great effort, he achieved the impossible. "Every year, he operated the budget to create a surplus. That by
itself is superb," Dr. Silber added.
Dr. Diamandopoulos focused on a two-prong strategy. An
advertising and public relations effort to make the university
better known to the public. And a recruitment campaign to
bring to the university outstanding teachers. Both of these efforts were designed to increase enrolment and to bring more
funds to the fmancially ailing institution.
By every measure, Dr. Diamandopoulos had accomplished
a great deal. Impressed by his success, faculty , parents and students were full of praise and support for the university's president.
To reward Dr. Diamandopoulos for his success and for his
hard work, the Board of Trustees voted for a $523,000 annual
compensation . To assist his fund-raising efforts, the Board
purchased an apartment in Manhattan to be used by the president of the university for receptions and other public functions
and for his occasional residence while in New York. A place
such as this can be most valuable as a meeting place with potential donors . But certain former trustees and the leaders of
the faculty trade union did not see it that way. They raised
•
strong opposition and, unmindful of the damage they would
cause to the university, they brought their criticism out into the
open, on the pages of The New York Times. The campaign to
raise several millions of dollars for the University Dr. Diamandopoulos had planned was stalled in its tracks.
The attack on Dr. Diamandopoulos and the Board of Trustees raises a fundamental issue. Will the administration of a
University continue to operate without being undermined by
faculty unions and faculty members who have their own agenda? Dr. Diamandopoulos was indeed a demanding administrator. To raise the Adelphi University to the heights of prestige
and prominence it has attained during his watch, he had to
step on many toes. He is now paying the price. But if the Board
of Regents of the State of New York decides to side with those
who want to remove Dr. Diamandopoulos and the Trustees from
the leadership of Adelphi, they will open a Pandora's box, with
grave consequences for the independence and integrity of our
higher education.
During the long hearings, the attorneys tried to charge Dr.
Diamandopoulos with a strong bias for hellenic culture. As
Dr. Silber pointed out, Hellenic culture is universal because
the ancient Greeks let their thought and intellect probe freely
and honestly into the great questions of mankind. One may
suspect that the attack on Dr. Diamandopoulos is part of the
recent effort by Afro-centrists and others to question the tremendous contribution of Hellenic culture and thought to Western civilization. Indeed the attack goes far beyond the personal
issue. It is tied to many ugly strands.
Dr. Diamandopoulos has already left his mark on the history of Adelphi University. Whatever the future may hold, he
has every reason to feel proud for his achievements. The GreekAmerican community in this country shares his pride.
GEORGE FOUl(AS, DMD
GREEK AMERICAN
REVIEW
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SEPTEMBER, 1996
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7
Mixed Marriages Examined
In Orthodox Theological Review
The situation, problems, and potentials
of mixed marriages in the Orthodox Church
form the theme of the newest issue of The
Greek Orthodox Theological Review, a
publication of Holy Cross Greek Orthodox
School of Theology, Brookline, MA. Introduced by Bishop Methodios of Boston,
under whose presidency the conference
was organized, and guest edited by Fr.
George Papademetriou, the issue publishes the papers of a conference held on the
topic at Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School
of Theology.
The lead article is a discussion of the
Orthodox Christian understanding of the
sacrament of marriage as a "Sacrament of
Love and Communion" by Fr. Alkiviadis C.
Calivas, the new president of Hellenic College/ Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School
of Theology. Fr. Calivas provides the reader
with a lucid Orthodox Christian understanding of marriage leading to a practical Christian approach. He says, in addressing the
relationships of husband and wife that
"The task of growing together in Christ is
grounded on the mutual trust and love of
the couple and in their ability to develop
together both spiritually and emotionally."
The four following articles address the
background of mixed marriages. They
present historical perspectives (Demetrios
1. Constantelos), the canonical dimensions
8
of intra-Christian and interreligious marriages (Lewis 1. Patsavos), sociological research on interfaith marriages (Dean R.
Hoge) and the Greek Orthodox Church's
practical impact on decisions regarding
intra-Christian marriages (Alice Scourby).
The final five articles have a practical
focus, dealing with psychological stresses in mixed marriages (John T. Chirban),
the pastoral response to intra-Christian
marriages (Nicholas Krommydas), and pastoral aspect of intra-Christian marriages in
both the lives of the couples and their families and upon their impact on parish life
(Stanley S. Harakas, Emmanuel Gratsias and
Edward Hughes).
This issue of The Greek Orthodox
Theological Review contributes significantly to the ongoing effort of clergy and
laity to come to terms with one of the most
striking developments in the life of the Orthodox Church in the American context.
The conference was held under the
sponsorship of the Patriarch Athenagoras
Memorial Lectures, which are funded by
George and Chrystal Condakes in memory
of their late father and father-in-law Peter J.
Condakes. Additional funding was provided by the Marcelle R. Varver Foundation.
New subscribers and parish libraries are
being offered a free copy of the mixed marriage issue when they enroll for a year's
subscription. Annual subscriptions are $24
and may be sent to the Business Manager
of The Greek Orthodox Theological Reviewer at 50 Goddard Avenue, Brookline,
MA02143.
The issue also includes a tribute to the
Rev. NomikosMichael Vaporis, Ph.D. who
retired from the position of editor of the
journal and who served in that capacity
from 1972 to 1995 , longerthan any other
editor. The newly appointed editor is the
Rev. Dr. Stanley S. Harakas.
"Greece in Print"
Opens September 21st
The Hellenic Literature Society and the
American Hellenic Educators Association!
United Federation of Teachers will host the
first annual exhibit of "Greece in Print 1996," a celebration of books and culture,
on September 21 &22,1996. The Foundation for Hellenic Culture, PanMacedonian
Studies & Publications, Center for Byzantine & Modem Greek Studies at Queens
College, Alexander S. Onassis Center for
Hellenic Studies at NYU, and Greek American Women's Network are supporting this
event, which presents the best of Greece
and Greek culture in words, images, and
music.
The rich history of Greece, from antiquity to the modem times, will be brought to
New Yolk through book displays by American, British and Greek publishing houses,
a series of lectures and panels, and various
exhibitions. Topics such as Greece's two
Nobel Laureates, the Jews of Greece, rembetika, Cyprus' literary contributions, and
Greek literature of the 19th and 20th centuries will be addressed. Also , there will be a
permanent costume exhibit and a continuous film program and photographic exhibit
focusing on the Jewish community of Salonica.
"Greece in Print - 1996" will be presented at the United Federation of Teachers
headquarters at 260 Park Avenue South,
New Yolk City. The exhibit is free and open
to the public and will be open from lOam to
7 pm. Reservations are necessary for some
of the lectures and panels. For more information, please call Rica Fakazis
201-666-7374 or the Onassis Center at
212-998-3990 or 1800-ONASSIS.
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
WelcoDle to Spyridon
The first American-born Archbishop of America
The enthronement of the new Archbishop Spyridon of America will take place on
Saturday, Sept. 21st at the Holy Trinity
Cathedral in New York, and a luncheon,
celebrating the event, will take place at the
Waldorf Astoria Hotel.
The new Archbishop was elected on
Tuesday, July 30, 1996, when the twelvemember Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate convened in the Phanar, under
the chairmanship of Ecumenical Patriarch
Bartholomew I, to fill the vacancy in the
office of the Archbishop of America. The
Holy Synod unanimously elected Metropolitan Spyridon ofItaly to succeed Archbishop Iakovos who retired on July 29,
1996, after 37 years as archbishop.
The newly elected Archbishop appointed Bishop Sotirios of Toronto as Archiepiscopal Vicar General to serve until his
arrival in America.
To better serve the spiritual needs of
the Orthodox faithful of North and South
America, the Holy Synod ofthe Ecumenical Patriarchate announced the establishment of three new metropolianates of the
Ecumenical Throne, namely: the Metropolitan of Toronto and Canada; the Metropolitante of Buenos Aires and South America; and the Metropolitanate of Mexico City
and Central America. The metropolitans
to these new eparchies are to be elected at
a later date.
Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I is
the spiritual leader of250 million Orthodox
Christians worldwide: The Ecumenical Patriarchate has direct jurisdiction over the
Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America
as well as other Orthodox dioceses in the
.western hemisphere.
The newly-elected archbishop will be
the fifth archbishop of America since the
organization of the archdiocese in 1922 and
Our cover:
The new Archbishop with His Holiness
Bartholomew, right after His election.
SEPTEMBER, 1996
His Eminence Archbishop Spyridon
the first American-born elected as Archbishop of America.
Expressing his appreciation for the dedicated service of Archbishop Iakovos and
Photo by N. Maginas
to the Orthodox faithful of America for their
unity and commitment to the Church, His
All Holiness noted that, as we prepare to
enter a new century, he is confident that
9
Archbishop Spyridon will meet the challenges ahead and lead the vibrant American Church to the glory of God and for the
spiritual gratification and edification of all
the faithful.
The New Archbishop
Archbishop Spyridon of America, son
of Clara and the late Dr. Constantine P.
George, was born September 24, 1944, in
Warren, Ohio.
After completing his elementary education in both Stubenville, Ohio, and Rhodes,
Greece, he graduated in 1962 from Tarpon
Springs High School, in Florida.
He studied at the famous Theological
Faculty of Halki graduated in 1966 with
highest honors. He subsequently pursued
postgraduate studies at the University of
Geneva in Switzerland, specializing in the
history of the Protestant churches. Awarded a scholarship by the Ecumenical Patriarchate, he then studied Byzantine literature at Bochum University in Gennany
(1969-1973 ).
He served as secretary at the penn anent
delegation ofthe Ecumenical Patriarchate
to the World Council of Churches (Geneva, 1966-1967) and later as secretary of the
Orthodox Center of the Ecumenical Patriarchate at Chambesy (Geneva), as well as
director of its well-known news bulletin
"Episkepsis" (1976-1985). In 1976, he was
assigned duties as dean of the Greek Orthodox community ofSt. Andrews in Rome,
where he served until 1985.
Through his long and direct contacts
with the Roman Catholic Church, he acquired a down-to-earth realism in viewing
inter-church relations, a fact which contributed to his appointment in 1984 as executive secretary of the Inter-Orthodox
Commission for the theological dialogue
between the Orthodox and the Roman Catholic Churches.
In recognition of his manifold services,
the holy and sacred synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate elected him in November
1985 titular bishop of Apamea, assigning
him as an auxiliary bishop to the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Austria and Exarchate of Italy as it was then known.
In November 1991, upon creating the
Holy Archdiocese of Italy and Exarchate
of Southern Europe, the holy and sacred
synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate elected Spyridon as the first metropolitan for
10
His Eminence Archbishop Spyridon recently received the American Ambassador to the
Vatican, Mr. Raymond Flynn, in Venice at the headquarters of the Greek Orthodox
Archdiocese of Italy. Mr Flynn was accompanied by his wife and a deacon from the
United States currently assigned in Rome. Following a conversation with the White
House, Ambassador Flynn conveyed the President's happiness regarding the election
ofArchbishop Spyridon as Primate ofthe Greek Orthodox Church in America. Ambassador Flynn also expressed his own personal good wishes.
this newly created Archdiocesan Sec. He
immediately devoted his youthful energy
in organizing the new archdiocese.
During the course of four years as Metropolitan of Italy, he created various auxiliary departments; increased the number of
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
MESSAGE
From His Eminence Archbishop Spyridon
"Behold, I and the children which God has given me" (Heb. 2: 13)
Beloved brothers, sons and daughters in the Lord:
I wholeheartedly and paternally greet you for the first time as
your new Archbishop and Spiritual Father from the Phanar, the
Venerable Center of World Orthodoxy, having been elected unanimously by the Holy and Sacred Synod ofthe Ecumenical Patriarchate to the eminent Archiepiscopal Throne ofAmerica.
I now offer to you my initial archpastoralletter with fear ofGod,
with faith and with love. With fear ofGodJor I amfully aware ofthe
awesome responsibility placed upon my shoulders. With faith in
God, for only faith in Him can strengthen and sustain my ministry to
you. With love, a deep and abiding love for the Church in America,
for it was here that my eyes first saw the light of day, and I was
nurtured in my childhood years.
It is with love indeed that I write this letter to each and every one
ofyou, whom God in His infinite mercy has seen fit to place under
my pastoral care and spiritual protectionJor, as we know, "God I
love" (I John 4:8), and in the vineyard of God there can only be
love. Therefore, in the vineyard entrusted to us, the Church of
America, there can only be roomfor love of God and love for one
another.
I accept the mantle ofresponsibility for shepherding this highly
esteemed Eparchy of the Ecumenical Throne filled only with the
mystery of God's love. "We love Him, because Hefirst loved us (I
John 4: 19). It is to an active ministry of love that I fully commit
myselfwithout reservation, without apprehension, and without distinction. I pray that you as well, beloved sons and daughters in
Christ, dedicate your talents and efforts first and foremost to the
flourishing ofthis love within the embrace ofthe Church. by placing
its works high on the lampstandfor all to see.
Where there is love, there can only be unity. Where there is love,
there is no roomfor factions or division. In the Garden ofGethsemane, shortly before His passion, Christ prayed with great agony
to God the Father that we be one as He and the Father are oneone Body, one Community, one Church with one Faith and one
Hope (cfr. Eph. 4:3-6).
I come to you, my dear spiritual children, seeking to further
strengthen the unity ofthe Body ofChrist to which we belong, and
parishes and provided them with a more
sound structure; made a significant contribution to the edification of Orthodox unity
by incorporating various Italian Orthodox
communities; gave particular attention to
the Orthodox youth by creating the Union
of Greek Orthodox Students of Italy; and
after centuries reintroduced Orthodox monasticism in Italy.
In 1992 he was appointed chairman of
the Inter-Orthodox Commission for the
Theological Dialogue between the OrthoSEPTEMBER, 1996
which is so preciously cherished by all. We, hierarchs, priests and
devoted laypeople; are all co-workers in the great mystery of the
Church. Of course, as St. Paul writes, our ministries are diverse:
some ofus are called to be the hands, while others be feet, yet others
the eyes. Together, however, we comprise the one undivided Body of
the living Christ. United, we are the Church in America.
With these thoughts, I stand ready to walk with you into the third
millennium of Christianity. Know that we start on our journey together with a remarkable past of approximately 75 years. We are
beneficiaries ofgreat spiritual leaders: Archbishop Alexander, the
first and founding Archpastor in the Americas Archbishop Athenagoras, later Patriarch, who ranks among the great churchmen
ofthis era; Archbishop Michael, our beloved teacher and spiritual
father, and, finally, Archbishop lakovos who, after 37years ofdevoted spiritual ministry, has bequeathed to us a valuable legacy
upon which we must continue to build.
Our vision for the future is clear, because we travel in the light of
the Phanar, which for 2,000 years as never waned or been extinguished. The Great Church of Christ is the beacon which burns
brightly for each succeeding generation ofOrthodox throughout the
world. We are children ofthis ancient legacy ofself-sacrificial lovethe love ofthe Holy Mother Church which continues to sustain and
unite us even as we approach the third millennium. The Ecumenical
Patriarchate is our source ofecclesial being.
We are blessed to live in a time when the venerable Ecumenical
Throne is adorned by a servant of God such as Patriarch Bartholomew. As I take on my new responsibilities, under the shelter ofour
Mother Church. the Ecumenical Patriarchate, let us remember that
His All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew shall be our
inspiration and our unwavering support.
In closing, I embrace each and every one ofyou, young and old,
weak and strong, rich and poor, and from all walks of life. I pray
that the All-Loving Lord, inspire you to be always loving and united
members of His Holy Church.
"The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. My love be
with you all in Christ Jesus. Amen" (I Cor. 16:23-24).
'ii'Spyridon
Archbishop of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America
dox Church and the Lutheran World Federation, immediately giving renewed impetus to the dialogue with this preeminent
Protestant body.
He has successfully represented the
Ecumenical Patriarchate on various interchurch missions and international meetings. He was Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew's delegate to the special synod of
the Roman Catholic Bishops in Europe
(Rome, 1991). His address at this synod
was of vast importance because in it he
clearly identified the developments which
were to follow in the relations between Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism.
He is fluent in Greek, English, French,
Italian, and German.
Archbishop Spyridon is known for his
dedication to the Ecumenical Patriarchate
and for his energetic career and creativeness. His service to this day bears evidence of open-mindedness and a modem
mentality in addressing timely needs and
problems of the Orthodox diaspora.
11
"Cyprus: Try Everything"
The Washington Post supports Prof. Kousoulas' suggestion
on how to solve the Greek Turkish disputes
On August 26, The Washington Post published an editorial
under the title "Cyprus: Try Everything" (See the full text on a
following page). The editorial reminded its readers that "two
young Greek Cypriots have died on Cyprus in the most serious
intercommunal violence since Turkey invaded the island in
1974 ... ", adding that "their deaths have revived calls to Do
Something before the situation deteriorates into war between
Greece and Turkey .. ." This was one of the rare instances when
this major American daily has used unbiased phraseology and
has searched for realistic and equitable solutions.
After going over four possibilities for action, which have
been tried in the past with little success, the editorial broke
new ground by reviewing a fifth possibility, yet untried. "At
the same time," the editorial read, "recast the Cyprus problem
by treating it not as a source but symptom of a dispute whose
origin lies elsewhere--in fundamental Greek-Turkish differences over the Aegean Sea. "
For the past twenty two years, we have insisted that the
Turkish invasion and occupation of the northern part of Cyprus is a violation of international law Li!.hl and that Turkey
should be pressed by the United Nations and the major powers
to withdraw its occupation troops and restore the unity of the
Republic of Cyprus. Our efforts have not been successful. In its
editorial The Washington Post shifts the focus . Greece and
Turkey, it writes, "nearly went to war last January over rival
claims to ownership of an un inhabited islet [in the Aegean)".
The editorial continues: "An American specialist writing in
this newspaper, D.G.Kousoulas, suggests a negotiation aimed
at gaining for Greece Turkish respect for its sovereignty in the
Aegean and for Turkey unhindered access through the sea to
its main ports. From an Aegean process a Cyprus negotiation
might more easily flow. Why not try everything?"
Professor Kousoulas had first presented his suggestion on
the pages of the Greek American Review in April. He repeated
the proposal in an article published by The Washington Post
on July 16, I996--the article mentioned in the editorial, which
we reprint on a following page. In his Post article, Mr. Kousoulas wrote: "With the ratification of the new Law of the Sea,
Greece has the legal right to extend the territorial waters of
each Aegean island from six to tWelve miles. Such an extension, however, will all but eliminate the international waters
currently existing in this sea. For Turkey such an extension
would touch a vital interest: it would deprive Turkey's two major ports, Istanbul and Izmir, of unhindered access to the rest
of the world ... Last year, the then Turkish premier Tunsu Ciller
warned that such an extension would become 'a cause of war'."
With this in mind, he outlined a compromise to serve and
safeguard the vital interests of both countries. He wrote: "Since
for Greece the inviolability of its borders is paramount, any
SEPTEMBER, 1996
solution will require as a first step an internationally sanctioned declaration by Turkey recognizing as final, inviolate
and indisputable the treaties defining Greek sovereignty, especially over the Aegean islands."
In return, he proposed, Greece will pledge "not to implement the 12-mile extension for as long as Turkey respects Greek
sovereignty over the islands. As a further gesture of good will,
Greece should also become the strongest advocate of Turkey's
admission to the European Union instead of being the most
vocal opponent."
Hellenic American
Political Action Committee
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13
Obviously, ifsuch a compromise were reached, Turkey would
have to end any provocations in Western Thrace, any pressures on the Ecumenical Patriarchate, any airspace violations
and of course, as the Post editorial wrote "from an Aegean
process a Cyprus negotiation might more easily flow . " With
the improved political climate one might even expect a rational agreement for the exploitation of whatever resources may
be in the Aegean continental shelf.
The Kousoulas suggestion departs from what is today the
prevailing policy orientation in Greece. But since our policies
for the past many years have not succeeded in solving the festering problems on Cyprus and in Greek-Turkish relations "why
not try everything?" as the Post editorial recommends. Needless
to say that the feasibility of such a compromise solution should
be explored without self-defeating publicity, behind the scenes,
at least in the early stages until it is established that such a compromise is acceptable to both sides.
The Washington Post Editorial
Two young Greek Cypriots have died
on Cyprus in the most serious intercommunal violence since Turkey invaded the island in 1974 to protect minority Turks threatened by a Greek-led
coup, the coup having been undertaken to forcibly unite the island with
Greece. The two youths were taking
part in Greek Cypriot demonstrations
launched to protest the 22-year Turkish occupation. Their deaths have revived calls to Do Something before the
situation deteriorates into war between
Greece and Turkey, formally NATO
allies but states with a long and emotional record ofdifferences.
But what to do? Among the possibilities:
* Stop considering the division of
Cyprus a problem, since for two decades diplomatic efforts have failed to
crack the case. Start considering it a
solution to the reality of ethnic incompatibility. This would serve the general convenience outside the eastern
Mediterranean. Unfortunately, Cyprus
may be on a long fuse. Prudence as
well as fairness commends an anticipatory defusing.
* Dispatch the diplomats to Cyprus.
Everybody knows what a solution
would look like: a loose federation attending to the security and property
concerns of both communities. At one
point the Clinton administration
thought to attempt a diplomatic surge
but it hasn't happened. It ought to. The
record does not allow anyone to be
sanf{uine about the results. But it is at
14
least possible that both communities on
the island are waiting for Americans
and Europeans to twist their arm.
* Meanwhile and by way ofsupport,
strengthen the sinews ofeconomic common interest and provide the mutual
benefits ofa deepening immersion in a
larger and healthier entity than the poisonous Greek- Turkish nexus. This is
what the Europeans have in mind by
promoting the entry ofCyprus-that is,
of all Cypriots, not just Greek Cypriots-into the European Union. This is
a slow boat, but on Cyprus all boats
are slow.
* At the same time recast the Cyprus problem by treating it not as a
source but symptom ofa dispute whose
origins lies elsewhere- in fundamental Greek and Turkish differences over
the Aegean Sea. The two countries
nearly went to war last January over
rival claims to ownership of an uninhabited islet there. An American specialist writing in this newspaper, D. G.
Kousoulas, suggests a negotiation
aimed at gaining for Greece Turkish
respect for its sovereignty in the Aegean andfor Turkey unhindered access
through the sea to its main ports. From
an Aegean process a Cyprus negotiation might more easily flow. Why not
try everything? (The Washington Post,
Monday August 26,1996)
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GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
The Aegean As 'a Greek Lake'
I By Prof. D.G. Kousoulas I
Reprinted from The Washington Post, July 16, 1996
The cold war between Greece and Turkey has shifted its focus from Cyprus to
the Aegean and now, within the sea, from
exploitation of resources under the continental shelf to the possibly explosive issue of Greece's expansion of its territorial
waters to 12 miles. It creates a danger and
an opportunity that American policy has
yet to address.
With ratification of the new Law of the
Sea, Greece has the legal right to extend
territorial waters of each Aegean island
from six to 12 miles. Such an extension
would, however, all but eliminate the international waters currently existing in this
sea. For Turkey such an extension would
touch a vital interest: It would deprive Turkey's two major ports, Istanbul and Izmir,
of unhindered access to the rest of the
world, and would tum the Aegean into "a
Greek lake." Last year, then-Turkish premier Tansu Ciller warned that such an extension would become a "cause of war."
Since then, Turkey has escalated the
pressure on Greece by disputing Greek
sovereignty on certain islets in the Aegean.
Most recently Turkey objected to the inclusion ofGavdos Island south of Crete in
military exercises under NA TO, indirectly
questioning Greek sovereignty. The matter was brushed aside as a misunderstanding, but the Greek public saw it asa serious
escalation of alleged Turkish claims on
Greek territories.
Unless a solution is found, Turkey will
continue escalating in an effort to force
Greece to abandon the 12-mile extension.
This may well lead to an armed confrontation.
As of now, this cold war has been kept
under control because neither country
wants an armed conflict. Still, preparations
for the eventuality of a military confrontation are extremely costly for both, coming
at a time when they face serious economic
and social problems at home.
The Greek government announced a few
SEPTEMBER, 1996
weeks ago that to catch up with modem
Turkish weaponry it intends to spend $10
billion on armaments over the next five
years-- a colossal sum for the Greek budget. Moreover, continuing provocations
undermine Turkey's effort to gain admission to the European Union, a step strongly desired by Turkey's pro-European elite.
For too long diplomacy has focused on
airspace violations and disputed islets. It
is time now to tum to the fundamentals.
Greece does not accept any challenge to
the international treaties that have established its boundaries. Turkey, for its part,
will not accept the extension of Greek territorial waters in the Aegean to 12 miles, an
option Greece refuses to give up.
Since for Greece the inviolability of its
borders is paramount, any solution will require as a first step an international sanctioned declaration by Turkey recognizing
as final, inviolate and indisputable the treaties defining Greek sovereignty, especially
over the Aegean islands.
In return, Greece will have to accept the
fact that the Aegean has a unique status
combining Greek sovereignty over the islands and their territorial waters with an
international aspect as a sea open to international navigation. Proof of this acceptance will be a formal pledge by Greece not
to implement the 12-mile extension for as
long as Turkey respects Greek sovereignty over the islands. As a further gesture of
good will, Greece should also become the
strongest advocate of Turkey's admission
to the European Union instead of being
the most vocal opponent.
Such a comprom ise would safeguard the
vital interests of each country-- for Greece,
respect for its sovereignty; for Turkey,
unhindered access to main ports throughout the Aegean.
The American government has been
promoting "confidence-building measures," but these do not touch the real causes of the conflict. Turkey and Greece have
serious reasons to accept the suggested
compromise solution especially if it has
Washington's blessing and behind-thescenes encouragement.
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15
Where Does the Church Go From Here?
I By NICHOLAS
The church of our parents and grandparents, the church of
our youth, which we have loved and have been comfortable
with, is being sorely tested. Within our parish councils, dioceses and clergy-laity congresses, generally speaking, events are
stirring, just barely and imperceptibly, as we pass through a 37year governance of our spiritual leader, Archbishop lakovos.
While on the outside, changes to our lives and times have been
evolving, so quickly, that they seem to alter before our very
eyes, often evoking conflicting responses of frustration, anger
and hope. These two worlds which we have known, both within
and outside the church, during our salad days, are ostensibly
moving at a contrasting and oppositional mode oflogic.
As the active magistracy of the Church by Archbishop lakovos comes to a close, we faithful stand in awe of his enormous
contributions to the church at large. His legacy and influence
will be a part of us for a long time to come.
Yet in the course of the deserved, heartfelt accolades for our
Archbishop, we also have to acknowledge that he leaves much
in the spiritual, financial and administrative arena undone, in
confusion and unsettled.
The challenges to the Orthodox faith in America are many
and critical. Among these are the need for organizational unity
among the various Orthodox jurisdictions; the pressing urgency to deal with interfaith marriages and their retention as families
in the faith; an effective outreach program to reach lapsed Orthodox and the unchurched; an acceptable solution church wide
to the use of non-English languages in our liturgical services
and hymnal music; the establishment of strict financial safeguards; the implementation of administrative and managerial
controls and strict avoidance of the involvement of the Church
in ethnic, partisan and the political affairs of foreign nations,
except for purely humanitarian reasons. As to the last item, each
Orthodox ethnic American group can deal with these concerns
as lay and secular forums more effectively, without compromising the religiousness of the Church and discrediting the American tenet of separation of Church and state.
We pray that the successor Archbishop will be a man of
spirituality, vision, strength and humbleness. We can no longer
The writer of this artie/e, Nicholas Karakas, is currently
serving his third term as president of The Orthodox Christian
Laity. He is a successful businessman, and active in charitable,
educational and philanthropic activities.
KARAKAS
I
endure the conceit, the painful and immoral reality of separation
to a common table with our Orthodox Jurisdictional brothers
and sisters.
Our jurisdictional separateness remains disturbingly real, and
it eats at our very soul. It is up to our new spiritual leader to
bring us together as Orthodox, one voice, one people, singing
the praises of God, and working together for salvation and redemption.
The banquet table of unity we speak of, to which we Orthodox are invited, is not ours, but God's. The vine whose branches
we are, is as ancient as any of our traditions. The faith in which
we live is not ours, but Christ's.
We, as American Orthodox, can better do our work in harmony, rather than in structural divisions. Unity holds the promise
of an exciting future, the spiritual realization and expectation we
faithful have for American Orthodoxy. We, as the elders of our
faith, owe Orthodox jurisdictional unity and a common universal
liturgical language to our children and grandchildren, to enable
them to stay within, and retain the spirit, tenets and dogma of
Orthodoxy in the next century.
av aUTO nou XP&la~&aal Yla va Ta~lat~&I~ &ivai anAa tva
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16
GREEK"AMERICAN REVIEW
GREEK SUFFERING
AND TURKISH CHARITY IN W.W.II
By Prof. Minas Savvas
Few weeks ago, an editor of The Turkish Times in a long article berated the
Greeks for their ingratitude. The Turks
said this gentleman "rescued the Greeks
from famine" during World War II. Instead
of a handshake and warm appreciation,
said the writer, the Greeks have given the
Turks the back of their hand and nothing
but hostility. Turks had been butchered in
Cyprus before their mainland braves rescued their oppressed brethren, and in recent years the Greeks have been helping
the upstart Kurds and have allowed their
ubiquitous and powerful Greek lobby to
ride roughshod over Washington leading
all those gullible and naive Congressmen
to anti-Turkish legislation
At best the charges about these Greek
machinations and the like are arguable;
at worst they are perfidious falsehoods. But
I wish to address here briefly the contention about the philanthropy (or is it philhellenism?!) of these maligned Turk
neighbors during the Second World War.
First, let us remember that the Turks,
who fought against the Allies in World
War I, stayed neutral in the World War II.
It was a neutrality that much displeased
the Allies since the Turks had violated
previous treaties by declaring it. Frank G.
Weber in his well-researched study of the
Turkish role during World War II (THE
EVASIVE NEUTRAL, University of Missouri Press, 1979), explains it as follows:
The foreign policy of Turkey during the
Second World War ought to have been
determined by the alliance treaty the Turkish government signed with the British and
the French in the autumn of 1939. Instead
the Turks did not live up to their pledge
Prof Savvas is a Professor of English &
Comparative Literature at San Diego
State University. He has published extensively articles, translations and reviews)
on issues mostly pertaining to modern
Greek literature and culture.
SEPTEMBER, 1996
and followed an unforeseen course perplexing and infuriating to their allies. "
(Introduction, iv)
There is much more in Weeber's book
about the deceptive maneuverings of Turkish government tactics in detriment to the
allied cause. But here is one regarding
Greece and the generosity of the Turks
during those horrible years when desperate help was needed by their tortured
neighbor. Weber notes that when the Wehrmacht invaded Greece, the Turks "thouh
treaty-bound to assist in the struggle for
Greece, remained neutral, pleading lack
of materiel (my italics). Yet for other operations, Ankara considered the preparations completely adequate." So much so,
in fact, that "[Turkish Foreign Minister]
Sarakoglou suggested to the Germans that
Turkey be allowed to garrison the Greek
islands of Chios, Sam os, and
Mytilene ... but the Wilhmerstrasse responded that the Army High Command
had already detailed German units for the
job. The Turkish government was undoubtedly irritated" (p.82).
The generous neighbor, you see, wanted then (as they do now) to "protect" or
"lease" (O.K., devour) those celebrated
Greek islands. Perhaps they just wished
to feed their hungry Greek inhabitants.
There were, in fact, even further attempts,
in collusion with the Axis, to take control
of Greek territory--at a time when Greece
was too exhausted to resist and too much
enslaved to render any objections.
But let us move on to the Turkish writer's contention about his compatriots saving the Greeks from hunger. Perhaps we
should state at the outset that Greece dur-
.....................................................................................................................
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17
ing the Second World War was not "saved"
from hunger by anyone. We cannot argue
that a country is saved from hunger when
close to one seventh of the population
(some 550,000) perished from want of
nutrition. The dump trucks in the early
1940's were picking up corpses in the
streets from morning to midnight. Children waddled in the streets with extended
bellies and hollow cheeks, and the trash
heaps were the supermarket of thousands.
Both the Germans and black marketeers
were ruthless in hoarding food that was
badly needed by penniless, especially urban, Greeks. UNRRA and the International Red Cross tried to save some of the children with soup kitchens and other means
but the help, for most, was too little and
too late. A British imposed blockade of
Greece was also devastating to every philanthropic effort. Disorganization and a
bumbling bureaucracy by the quisling government at the time added to the famine,
the awful suffering, and the thousands of
deaths.
So, what did the Turkish Times writer
have in mind when he spoke of Greeks
being saved by Turkish help? He does
mention a Turkish vessel, the SS KurtuIus carrying supplies from Greece to Turkey . The SS Kurtulus. in fact made five
voyages to Greece and during its treks it
was able to transport 6,735 tons of food
supplies to Greece which, as Mark Mazower points out, was "too small a quantity to have had much impact on the situ-
DOUKISSA
ation in Athens," where the famine was
most severe, or in any other part of Greece.
[Inside Hitler's Greece, Yale U. Press,
1993].
At least they tried to help, will exclaim
the objective reader. Not so fast. The truth
is the Turks had very little or nothing to
do with the supplies that their vessel transported to suffering Greece. For documentation here we need to quote again from
Mazower's well-researched, reliable volume. The Greek Legation in London asked
the British government to compromise the
blockade and to consider the urgent need
to stop the hunger and to save human lives.
So then
"The British suggested turning to Turkey for relief supplies. Because Turkey was
defined as lying 'within the blockade zone',
this option did not involve breaching the
blockade itself. Anxious that a total refusal to help the Greeks would anger public opinion in the U.S.A., which was well
informed about the famine thanks to extensive lobbying by Greek organizations.
Whitehall hoped that Turkish grain would
do the trick. This proved to be wishful
thinking. The Greek War Relief Association in the U.S.A. provided funds which
were channeled through London to Turkey (my italics). But bureaucratic delays
meant that it was not until October 1941
that the SS Kurtulus sailed for Piraeus,
where the International Red Cross took
charge of receiving and distributing the
food." (pp. 46-47)
There we have the extent of Turkish
help to their Greek neighbors during the
Second World War. In the meantime the
Greeks were dying, if not by hunger at
least by firing squads and in concentration camps. Turkey, now called "our
staunch ally" in some European and American editorials, prospered in neutrality and,
on occasion, as Frank Weber points out,
even conspired with the Axis oppressors
at the expense of Greece. It is a hate and a
history of excess (from the savagery in the
Constantinople riots in 1955 to the recent
barbaric murders of the two youths in Cyprus) which have neither diminished nor
have been well disguised.
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18
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
AHEPA Re-elects Spiro Macris
On a Platform of "Great Change"
HOUSTON-More than 2,500 Ahepa
Family members and friends gathered in
Houston last month for seven days of social, cultural and business events at the
1996 U.S. - Canadian Ahepa Convention-the largest annual gathering of
Greek Americans. Conventioneers and
guests enjoyed nightly social events and
Greek dances, including Ahepa's gala
Grand Ball and Grand Banquet.
Beyond the myriad of social activities,
the convention included elections; the presentation of a new strategic plan for
Ahepa; promulgation of Ahepa positions
on foreign affairs; comprehensive information on issues concerning the group's
finances ; and a major cultural exposition.
The AHEPA Board ofDirectors for 1996-9 7. Standingfrom left: Former AHEPA PresiAhepa President Dr. Spiro Macris, of
dent A. Steve Betzelos, ofChicago; James Anas, ofBurlington, Ont.; Ernest Tsaptsinos,
Wilmington, North Carolina, was reelectofSilverton, NJ; Steve Moskos, ofCharleston, SC; Secretary George Paul, of Tillamook,
ed to head the group. The 57-year-old
OR; and Spiros "Sam" Arfaras, ofMIddleburg Heights, Ohio. Seated from left: Vice
Macris campaigned on a platform of conChairman A. Jack Georgalas, of Seaford, VA; Chairman Sam Nakis, of Chesterfield,
tinued reform for Ahepa and is one of a
MO; AHEPA President Spiro Macris, of Wilmington, NC; and Vice President Steve A.
handful of presidents who have been electManta, of Chicago. Not pictured is Thomas J Lukas, of Long Beach, NY.
ed to a second term.
"This is a time of great change in the
Greek American community and a time
of great change for Ahepa," Dr. Macris
said upon his election.
Macris' new team includes Vice President Steve A. Manta, of Chicago and Canadian President Anthony Mavromaras,
of Agincourt, Ontario. The Ahepa Board
of Directors for 1996-97 will continue to
be led by Chairman Sam Nakis, of Chesterfield, Mo.
The AhepaFamily woman' s group, the
Daughters of Penelope, elected Joanne
Holligitas as its president. The Sons of Pericles and Maids of Athena youth groups
selected George Vassilas of Montreal and
Sia Makris of Toronto as their respective The AHEPA US and Canadian Lodge for 1996-9 7. Standing from left: Governors
presidents.
Paul G. Pappas, of Poland, Ohio; James Katramadros, of Colonia, NJ; Byron
Ahepa ' s business sessions centered Smyrniotis, of St. Louis, MO; James Miller, of Portland, OR; Ike Gulas, of Birmingaround the " Ahepa 2000" proposal which ham, AL; George Anagnostos, of Portsmouth, RI and John Grossomanides, Jr., of
seeks to reorganize the association toward Westerly, RI. Seatedfrom left: Secretary James F. Dimitriou, ofPalos Verdes Estates,
the future . The Ahepa 2000 proposal was CA ; Canadian President Anthony A1avromaras, ofAgincourt, Ontario; President Spiro
presented by Bill Marianes of Atlanta to a J Macris, of Wilmington, NC and Vice President Steve A. Manta, of Chicago. Not
joint session of Ahepans, Daughters, Sons pictured are : Counselor John Antholis, ofMorristown, NJ; Athletic Director Monthe
and Maids and garnered a strong vote of N. Kofos, ofMarlboro , A4A; Governor Nicholas A. Karacostas, ofFlushing, NY; Sons
approval.
National Advisor James Lolis, of Woodside, NY and Treasurer Michael D. Papapanu,
According to the Ahepa 2000 working ofPenfield, NY.
- Y
SEPTEMBER, 1996
19
document Ahepa will re-articulate its primary goals as Hellenism, Education, Philanthropy, Civic Responsibility, Family
and the Pursuit and Recognition of Excellence. The paper foresees Ahepa restructuring itself strategically and operationally to serve these goals using modem organizational models. Specific fundamental changes are expected to be presented for consideration by the delegates
to the 1997 convention in Atlanta next
summer.
The meetings also served to fully inform the delegates on the financial and
other issues arising from the late 1994
discovery of irregularities which resulted
in the loss of substantial Ahepa assets. All
delegates received a detailed sixteen page
briefing, as well as additional material,
covering that issue. The briermg material The Daughters of Penelope US and Canadian leadership for 1996-9 7. Seated from
was gathered by Ahepa Controller Aggie left: Secretary Catherine Ferguson ofBerwyn, IL; Vice President Kiki Walker ofPorCap salis, Finance Committee Chairman tage, MI, President Joanne Hologgitas, of Newport RI; Vice President for Canada
George Gabriel, Board Chairman Sam Na- Pauline Mlssios, of Willow dale, Ont., Treasurer Constance Aretos, ofLos Altos, Calif.
kis and Counselor John Antholis. Capsa- Standing from left are: Maids ofAthena Advisor Aspasia MItchell, of Niantic, Conn;
lis had volunteered over one-and Zone Two Governor Nitsa Dariotis, Zone Three Governor Betty Benjou; and Zone
half-years of full-time work at Ahepa Four Governor Joanne Booras. Not pictured is Zone One Governor Maria Keritsis of
headquarters to put the organization back Richmond, VA.
on its feet financially.
During the convention the Ahepa
Board introduced newly appointed Executive Director Nicholas Garnett. In the
spring of 1996 the Ahepa completed an
extensive search and hired Garnett, a second generation Greek American with over
a decade of experience in association management, to head the group's headquarters.
As part of Ahepa's continued work on
foreign policy issues the convention also
issued resolutions concerning U. S. policy
in the Eastern Mediterranean as well as
on organizational issues within the community.
Ahepa Public Affairs and Government
Director George Savidis and Cyprus and
Hellenic Affairs Committee Chairman
John Sitilides led several substantive meetThe Maids of Athena US and Canadian Leadership for 1996-97. Seated from left:
ings on policy issues. The convention apSecretary Laura Kartasis ofFlushing, NY; President Sia Makris of Toronto; and Vice
proved a resolution emphasizing the posPresident Anna Kola, of Douglaston, NY Standing from left are: Advisor Aspasia
itive role of Greece and Cyprus and the
"Esther " Mitcheli, of Niantic, Conn., Treasurer Pat Mouratides, of Scherevi lie, NY;
negative behavior of Turkey in the region.
and Governors Clea Reklitis of Ottawa, Karen Polyzas of Oakland, CA, and Niki
The convention also approved a resoluSpyridakis ofClearwater, FL.
tion clarifying Ahepa's relationship with
other Greek American and Greek organizations, and particularly the newly creat- groups, but that only Ahepa speaks for its officials, media and all public and private
ed Council for Greeks Abroad. Ahepa re- membership and represents its own views organizations and institutions in the Unititerated that it will cooperate with all on foreign policy matters to government ed States, Canada, Greece, Cyprus and
20
GREEK"AMERICAN REVIEW
elsewhere.
The convention included Ahepa' s first
"Exhibit of the Greek World" including a
host of products and services available to
Greek American consumers and companies from dozens of businesses and service providers. The highly successful
"Greek World" exhibit was organized by
Gregory Pappas of Pittsburgh and featured
hundreds of cultural and educational resource items, geared specifically to Greek
Americans, including books, videos,
CD-rom and computer software, art work
music and more.
Ahepa President Dr. Spiro Macris was
elected to a second term during the convention after campaigning on a theme of
reform, integrity and renewal.
Since his first election as president in
August 1995, Dr. Macris has worked toward the reorganization of Ahepa to modernize its structure and mission. He
worked in support of the successful raising of the three quarters of a million dollars for Ahepa ' s Olympic TRIBUTE
Sculpture and has traveled extensively in
North America, Greece and CYPRUS for
Ahepa. Currently and during his previous
tenure in other national offices he has visited hundreds of Ahepa ' s chapters.
He has long been active in Ahepa 's
work on the Cyprus issue and under his
guidance Ahepa published the first ever
grading of members of Congress based on
issues concerning Greek Americans. He
has met this year with U.S. Ambassador
to Greece Tom Niles, U.S. Ambassador to
Cyprus Richard Boucher, Assistant Secretaries of State Richard Holbrooke and
John Kornblum and National Security Director Anthony Lake.
This year Dr. Macris received the highest honor of the Greek Orthodox Church
when Archbishop Iakovos elevated him to
the office of " Archon," for his service to
the church and the community. He is a
member of St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox
Church in Wilmington.
Dr. Macris is the son of immigrants
from the town of Trikkala in Thessalia,
Greece. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa
from Davidson College and earned a graduate degree from Columbia University. Dr.
Macris was commissioned a lieutenant in
the U.S. army and served a tour of duty in
Vietnam. He graduated with a doctorate
in Dentistry from the University of North
SEPTEMBER, 1996
The Sons of Pericles u.s. and Canadian leadership for 1996-9 7. Seated from left:
Secretary Jim Koutros of Brooklyn, NY and President George Vassilas ofMontreal.
Standing from left: Governors Sandy Papadopoulos, of Atlanta; John Konstantin of
San Diego and Billy Maginis of London, Ontario. Not pictured are Vice President
Michael Angelakos of Ft. Lauderdale and Treasurer Bill GahagenQfDaytona Beach.
Carolina and now practices orthodontics
in his home state.
In addition to his service in Ahepa, Dr.
Macris is active in civic and cultural organizations in North Carolina where he
serves as chairman of the Wilmington
County Board of Health, and as a member
of the board of the North Carolina Symphony and the United Way.
Ahepa's other newly elected national
officers include Secretary James F. Dimitriou, of Palos Verdes Estates, Calif.; Treasurer Michael D. Papapanu, of Penfield,
N.Y.; Counselor John Antholis, of Morristown, N.J. ; Athletic Director Monthe N.
Kofos, of Marlboro, Mass.; and Governors
Paul G. Pappas, of Poland, Ohio, James
Katramadros, of Colonia, N.J. , Byron
Smyrniotis, of St. Louis, Mo., James Miller, of Portland, Or., Ike Gulas, ofBirmingham, AL, George Anagnostos, of Portsmouth, R.I. , Nicholas A. Karacostas, of
Flushing, N. Y. and John Grossomanides,
Jr. , of Westerly, R.I. ; and Sons of Pericles
Advisor James Lolis, of Woodside, N.Y.
Serving on the Ahepa Board of Directors with Chairman Nakis are: Vice Chairman A. Jack Georgalas, of Seaford, Va.;
former Ahepa President A. Steve Betzelos, of Chicago; James Anas, of Burlington, Ont. ; Ernest Tsaptsinos, of Silverton,
N.J.; Steve Moskos, of Charleston, S.C. ;
Secretary George Paul, ofTillarnook, Ore.;
Thomas Lukas, of Long Beach, N.Y. and
Spiros " Sam" Arfaras, of Middleburg
Heights, Ohio. PresidentMacris Vice President Steve Manta also serve on the Ahepa
Board.
Serving with Daughters President Hologgitas are: Vice President Kiki Walker
of Portage, Mich.; Vice President for Canada Pauline Missios, of Willowdale, Ont.;
Treasurer Constance Aretos, of Los Altos;
Secretary Catherine Ferguson of Berwyn,
IL; Maids Advisor Aspasia Mitchell, of
Niantic, Conn.; and Governors Nitsa Dariotis, Betty BeI\jou; Joanne Booras and
Maria Keritsis
21
Honoring the "Greek Boy"
A Special Celebration in Hermoupolis, Syra
ATHENS, Greece-A special celebration was held on July 13, 1996 by the City
of Hermoupolis on the island ofSyra, one
of the most prominent Greek cities of the
19th century, in tribute to the memory and
legacy of one of the initiators of new educational systems in Modem Greece: Christos Evangelides. The introductory address
was given by the mayor Mr. Yannis Decavalias, Mr. M. Freris, the vice president of
the Hermoupolis Cultural Center and Ambassador Ret. J. Gregoriadis spoke on the
life and legacy ofe. Evangelides.
Education proper needed no initiation
among the Greeks, it had never ceased even
in the course of the long centuries of Turkish occupation-we all know of what has
been called the "secret school". Education
did, indeed, contribute to the survival of
the Hellenic nation. Evangelides was one
of the scholars who introduced in Greece
new educational systems.
As a 13-year-old boy in 1828 whose father, a freedom fighter from Agrapha, had
been killed, young Christos was moved to
Smyrna, present day Ismir, on the wake of
a massacre of Greeks in his native Thessaloniki. It was in Smyrna that one day, being in hot pursuit by Turkish boys who
were aiming at killing him, that he found
refuge in a coffee house on the waterfront
where he was protected by a group of
Americans who had been bringing clothing, food and medicine to the Greeks fighting in the Aegean Sea. Next thing Christos
EDITOR'S NOTE: Christos Evangelides
was the great-grandfather ofAmbassador
Ret., John G. Gregoriadis, a Columbia University, MA., who, as a Secretary of Embassy, served in the 1950s with the Permanent Mission of Greece to the United Nations and in the early 1970s was the Minister Counsellor of the Greek Embassy in
Washington. He was the great great grandfather of Gregory J. Gregoriadis, a Columbia University, MB.A. This makes three
generations of Columbia graduates in the
same family. The Evangelides story ran in
the June and July issues ofthe Greek-American Review.
SEPTEMBER, 1996
:
¥
':G}{:itn):t>Tr!
'": t ,---,
,,-<
{Z: )t,:::'t--c
Ambassador Gregoriadis unveiling the original marble plaque of the Evangelides
Lyceum. The plaque is placed on the wall of the telecommunication (OTE) building,
where the Lyceum stood.
From the celebration in Hermoupolis: L to R, Ambassador Gregoriadis, Mr. Y.
Dekavallas, mayor of Hermoupolis, Mr. A. Markoulis, president ofthe City Circle, and
Mrs. A. Segopoulos, G. Persakis and G. Arphanis. Mr. Gregoriadis and the three ladies
are descendants of Christos Evangelides, "The Greek Boy. "
31
knew he was on the docks of N ew York
City.
His benefactors gave him an excellent
schooling in Massachusetts and then enrolled him at the University of New York
City, the present day New York University,
and then at Columbia University. EvangeJides has thus been the first Greek ever
to have graduated from Columbia. He was,
as we know, succeeded by hundreds of
Greek graduates.
The contacts of young Christos with
the best of New York society, to which his
benefactors belonged, have not been deprived of a strong emotional touch. Among
other events, William Cullen Bryant the national bard and a great philhellene, wrote
for him "The Greek Boy"-and this has
been the name by which Christos Evangelides had been known ever since in the
United States.
Following a short period of work in the
Wall Street area, he told his American
friends, who had done so much for him,
that he wanted to return to "the land of his
sires" to offer what he had learned in Amer-
Ica.
Under financial difficulties, yet with determination and faith, he founded the "Hellenic Lyceum" in Hermoupolis, better
known as the Evangelides Lyceum.
The novelties in its curriculum included
the teaching of foreign languages, so useful for the future commercial activities of
the young men ofHermoupolis (the city of
Hermes, the god of commerce), correspondence and physical culture. At the same
time and above all special attention was
given to the love of country and to truth as
well as to the fundamental principle according to which "the young Greek must not
depend on anyone except on God and himself'.
The group of students of Christos Evangelides has included successful businessmen as well as prominent scholars, among
whom are Emmanuel Roides and Dimitrios
Vikellas, well known internationally for his
action for the rebirth of the Olympic Games.
Christos Evangelides went back to the
United States in 1854-55, this time on a
Greek government mission, to defend the
rights of the Greek populated Ottoman
provinces ofThessaly, Epiros, Macedonia,
Thrace, Crete and other Aegean Islands as
well as Cyprus which, during the Crimean
War, had risen again for their freedom.
32
Scholarships of the
Cyprus Children's Fund
Awarded to Students
Thomas C. Kyrus, National Chairman,
Alexandra Lappas, Committee Chairperson
on the Makarios Scholarship/Theodore
and Wally Lappas Award and the Makarios Scholarship/Peter G. and Bess Kolantis
During that stay he was given an honorary master's degree from Columbia University.
The life of Christos, the Greek Boy, extended for sixty six years, his legacy, however, has exceeded by far the span of his
natural life.
Decker Award Committees announced the
recipients of the Awards for the academic
year 1996-97 for a total amount of
$10,000.00:
1. Ephrosini Christophi -- Baruch College, New York, 2. Androulla Demetriou Jersey City State College, New Jersey, 3.
Maria Economidou - The University of
Georgia, Georgia, 4. Nicos Hassapis - Old
Dominion University, Virginia, 5. Andreas
Kyprianou - St. George's School ofMedicine, Grenada, 6. Constandia Kyriakou Hunter College, New York, 7. Panayiotis
Panayides - The University of Kansas,
Kansas, 8. Deacon Andreas Perdikis - Holy
Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology, MA, 9. Kyriakos Philippou - MiamiDade Community College, Florida, 10.
Athos Zakou - st. John's University.
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GREEK·AMERICAN REVIEW
'l'nE: KII)NAPPING
OF A GE
GENERAL
During the Nazi Occupation of Crete
IBy Dr. G.C. KIRIAKOPOULOS I
(PART IV)
THE FLIGHT TO SAFETY
The first part of the plan had gone well ,
despite the problems that nearly caused
the mission to be cancelled. However, the
abduction was only the beginning, for
ahead lay the most dangerous aspect of
the whole mission, slipping the kidnaped
general past the many German roadblocks
that lay ahead, and eventually shipping
him off the island successfully.
The sleek Opel limousine raced through the night with Fermor and Moss
straining their eyes peering into the darkness beyond. The three other members of
the team sitting in the back with·the General, were chattering enthusiastically
among themselves about their accomplishment. General Kreipe remained bound on
the floor of the sedan, crammed into an
uncomfortable position with Saviolakis
sitting on top of him. He was still dazed
by the daring impossibility of the episode
that had just occurred. At first he mumbled incoherently to himself but later kept
asking for his hat. Fermor assured him that
he would soon get it back, to which he responded with a dry, "Danke, Danke."
Leigh Fermor looked imposing wearing the cap of a general officer. Satisfied
with the success of this phase of the plot,
he lit a cigarette, the fragrance of which
whiffed backward past the General's nostrils.
"How long do you expect to keep me
in this undignified position?" the General
asked.
"If you give me your word that you
would neither shout nor try to escape, we
shall not treat you as prisoner of war but
as one of us," Fermor responded in German. Kreipe agreed. Moss asked him if
he spoke English at all. "Nein!" came the
reply.
SEPTEMBER, 1996
"Russian?" inquired Moss again, the
one foreign language with which he was
conversant.
The reply was the same, "Nein!"
"Parlez-vous Francais?" Moss and Fermor inquired simultaneously, searching
for a common ground of communication.
, "Un petit peu."
Thus, for the rest of the days that they
were to be together, Kreipe and Moss,
Moss in particular since Fermor spoke
German fluently, communicated in French, a language in which both were poorly versed.
"Check-point ahead," cautioned Moss,
slowing the limousine ever so slightly. The
men tensed as a German voice boomed out
of the night the command to "Halt!"
When the guards noticed the General's
emblematic flags on the front fenders, they
snapped to attention and saluted. Obscured in the shadows of the Opel's interior, Leigh Fermor returned the salute.
"Marvelous," murmured Moss, as they
all let out a sigh of relief. The first obstacle had been passed but they knew that
there would be other sentry-posts ahead.
A few miles beyond, another red flashlight signaled their approach to a second
road-block . Again the command to "Halt!"
echoed through the dark, and again it was
followed by a salute, as the guard, recognizing the General's flags, waved the limousine onward. This was followed by a
third, and a forth check-point, all with the
same result. Fermor, Moss and the rest felt
Members ofthe Kidnap Team who arrived on Crete with William Stanley Moss by boat
afi.er training in Egypt. George Tyrakis is on the left and Manoli Paterakis on right,
With another team member in the center.
33
the tension easing, while the General's consternation increased. Kreipe silently cursed
the duped guards for their laxity in not
examining the limousine and its passengers
more thoroughly.
Even at the Fortetza Gate, which was
the eastern entrance to the Venetia-walled
city of Iraklion, the flags on the Opel's
fenders were sufficient to raise the red-striped barrier without the slightest hesitation.
Once inside Iraklion, they drove westward
toward the Khania Gate, the only western exit out of the city.
The streets of Iraklion were filled with
soldiers who made passage slow and difficult. The Opel crawled along at an
alarmingly slow pace, trying to break
through a swarm of German soldiers that
had just exited from a local movie theater.
Moss blew the horn, but feared making
too great a commotion which might attract attention to them. Anyone of the
soldiers, taking a more than casual glance
into the limousine as it passed below the
dim street lights, might discover that the
passengers were not German, and give the
alarm.
The moments were tense. All five men
in the Opel strained - ever alert - taking
short, shallow breaths as the soldiers
stepped aside to let the vehicle pass.
"If we are trapped," Fermor directed,
"use the grenades and guns to blast them
back ... make for the alleys ... and leave the
General tied in the back seat!"
Luckily, the crowd gradually thinned
and the limousine picked up speed as it
approached the Khania Gate and the final check-point. For some reason, the
guard at the Khania Gate did not respond
in the same manner as had the guards at
the previous check-points. This sentry
persistently waved the flashlight and refused to budge from the Opel's path. Moss
was forced to stop a few feet from the barrier which remained closed. Fermor noted that excluding the four guards at the
gate, there were a dozen additional soldiers
standing nearby, all well-armed, with their
watchful eyes drawn to the limousine.
Fermor and Moss looked at each other. They did not utter a single word but
they knew what the other was thinking.
Had the kidnaping been discovered? Had
the alarm reached these guards? Were these
soldiers waiting for them? Everyone in the
vehicle tensed. Sharp clicks were heard as
Paterakis, Tyrakis, and Saviolakis cocked
their weapons. Strati unsheathed his knife
and placed it against the General's throat
34
once again as a reminder that he remain
silent.
"Steady! Everyone, steady!" cautioned
Fermor.
The three guards remained at the
wooden gate, while the fourth approached
the vehicle. If this guard so much as
looked in, all would be lost.
Quick minded, Leigh Fermor lowered
the window on his side and shouted in a
loud, apparently annoyed tone, "Achtung!
Generals Wagen!"
The words had an immediate effect.
The guard jumped back and snapped to
attention, the soldiers saluted, and the
wooden barrier was raised. The limousine
edged slowly through the Khania Gate,
and gradually picking up speed, raced
westward into the darkness and safety. All
in all, they had passed through twenty-two
check-points from the moment they left
the abduction site.
For the first time that evening, the audacious kidnapers felt the weight of anxiety lift from their chests. Leigh Fermor
smiled; Stanley Moss laughed; Tyrakis
and Saviolakis broke into song, soon
joined by Paterakis. Only the subdued
General remained silent. Cigarettes were
distributed to all, including the prisoner.
Fermor even complied with the General's
repeated requests and returned his hat to
him.
The Opel limousine sped through the
night, its headlights stabbing like two
white fingers into the darkness, striking
the rocks and olive trees that lined the
highway. Once the immediate danger had
passed, monotony set in, and after several hours of continuous driving, the smooth
hum of the powerful motor lulled the passengers into silence.
Many hours passed before Leigh Fermor announced that they had at last
reached their destination. The Opel
stopped on the main road at the bottom
of a goat trail that tortuously ascended
along a path that led to the mountain-top
village of Anoghia, located halfway between Iraklion and Rethimnon.
When they got out of the limousine, the
General protested, alarmed by the thought that he was to be abandoned by the two
British officers and turned over to the Cretans. He feared that the Cretans would slit
his throat in retribution for Mueller's
atrocities. He was assured by Fermor that
they had other plans for him.
Stanley Moss started up the dirt trail,
followed by General Kreipe, with Mano-
Ii Paterakis bringing up the rear. Their
orders were to climb up to the village and
wait on the outskirts for Fermor's arrival.
In the meantime, Leigh Fermor and
George Tyrakis were to dispose of the
vehicle. After Moss and Paterakis had
departed with the General, it occurred to
Fermor that he did not know how to drive
this vehicle, not having driven for over five
years; nor did Tyrakis. That did not stymie them. After a series of stalls and pushes, they managed to steer the Opel onto a
dirt road that led to a cove opposite the
island of Peristeri - so named because pigeons often roosted there.
Before leaving the vehicle, Fermor left
the limousine's floor littered with Players
cigarette butts, a British commando beret, and a Cadbury chocolate wrapper. To
the back seat of the Opel, he pinned a previously prepared note written in German
and addressed to the German authorities
in Crete:
GENTLEMEN:
YOUR DIVISION COMMANDER,
GENERAL KREIPE, WAS CAPTURED A SHORT TIME AGO BY A
BRITISH RAIDING FORCE UNDER
OUR COMMAND. BY THE TIME
YOU READ THIS, BOTH HE AND
WE WILL BE ON OUR WAY TO
CAIRO.
WE WOULD LIKE TO POINT OUT
MOST EMPHA TICALL Y THAT THIS
OPERATION HAS BEEN CARRIED
OUT WITHOUT THE HELP OF THE
CRETANS OR CRETAN PARTISANS, AND ONLY THE GUIDES
USED WERE SERVING SOLDIERS
OF HIS HELLENIC MAJESTY'S
FORCES IN THE MIDDLE EAST,
WHO CAME WITH US.
YOUR GENERAL IS AN HONORABLE PRISONER OF WAR AND
WILL BE TREATED WITH ALL THE
CONSIDERA TION OWING TO HIS
RANK.
ANY REPRISALS AGAINST THE
LOCAL POPULATION WILL BE
WHOLLY UNWARRANTED AND
UNJUST.
AUF BALDIGES WIEDERSEHEN!
Both Leigh Fermor and Stanley Moss
had signed the letter before the kidnaping with their ranks indicated, and even
had waJ0d seals added and impressed by
their a:5my signet rings to give the note an
air of officialdom. Moss in his devilish
sense of>humor had added the post script:
WE ARE VERY SORR Y TO HAVE TO
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
LEA VE THIS BEAUTIFUL CAR BEHIND!
Tyrakis and Fermor hiked all night
under a bright new moon to join Moss,
Paterakis, and the General. They crossed
ravines, climbed cliffs, scrambled over
boulders, and pushed through heavy underbrush of cacti and tall grass to reach
Anoghia. By dawn, they arrived at the outskirts of the village where the rest of the
group was waiting for them.
Anoghia was the largest village in Crete
in 1944, with a 900 year history. It was so
remote and isolated that the Germans did
not garrison it permanently. As the sun
rose over the eastern mountain peaks, the
village women came to the water troughs
in the center of the village to do their laundry. In the traditional manner of the day,
they wet the clothes and pounded the dirt
out of them amidst gossip, chatter, and
laughter - until Leigh Fermor appeared,
with Stanley Moss and the General trailing behind.
The energetic Fermor, tired as he was
from his all-night hike, led the others
briskly through the center of the village.
When the women saw them, their laughter and conversation stopped abruptly.
They stared coldly at the interlopers, many
women even turning their backs to them.
Fermor glanced queriedly at Moss, who
being just as bewildered, shrugged his
shoulders. The cold reception surprised
them. When Paterakis and Tyrakis, who
brought up the rear, arrived on the scene,
they solved the mystery.
The General, of course, was in the uniform of the enemy, but so were Fermor
and Moss. They were still wearing the
purloined outfits of the Feldpolizei which
they wore at the time of the abduction.
When Paterakis explained to the villagers who they were and what they had accomplished, the villagers could not do
enough in offering these visitors their hospitality. They kissed them , embraced
them, fondly slapped their backs, and
brought out what little food and wine they
had to feed the hungry group.
Fermor dispatched two messages
which he gave to Stratis Saviolakis . One
message was to be carried to Sandy Rendel in the eastern range of the Lasithi
Mountains, and the other to Tom Dunbabin, instructing him to inform Cairo
that the abduction had been successful. He
was to request Cairo to make the announcement over the radio as previously
arranged, and to drop leaflets to the CretSEPTEMBER, 1996
The leaders of the team that kidnapped General Heinrich Kreipe. Captain Patrick
Leigh Fermor on the left and Lieutenant William Stanley Moss on the right, with
Athanasios Bourdzalis, the guerilla leader.
ans announcing the event.
previous day he had ordered that a
The original plan dictated that as soon guard-post be mounted at the exact
as the kidnapping had been accomplished, T-intersection where he was seized. Even
Cairo was to send aircraft to drop pam- more ironic was the fact that he had a prephlets written both in Greek and German monition "something was going to hapexplaining that the operation had been the pen ... " on his trip home that night! Kreipe
work of British Commandos. It was felt did not learn until after the war that the
that this would prevent unnecessary repris- day before his abduction, the German
als against the local population in that sec- High Army Command had promoted him
tor. The plan also included an announce- to the rank of Lieutenant General. He nevment by Cairo Radio that General Kreipe er received official word of his promotion
was already on his way to Cairo, thus hop- before the hour of his kidnaping. Finally,
ing to allay German pursuit of the abduc- Kreipe inquired about his chauffeur. The
tors.
General was assured that his driver would
As in all matters of this type, negligence arrive later. Fermor had no way of knowsuperseded intelligence. No pamphlets ing at that time that the hapless chauffeur
were dropped because of "... bad flying never survived the blow to his head. He
conditions .. ," and the radio announcement died of the injury and was buried by the
erred by saying that the General "... was guerrillas in a nearby field .
being taken off the island."
It did not take long for the Germans to
The group remained in Anoghia to rest. discover that their General had been kidThe General was tired from the trek up naped. The house staff in his residence
the trail to the village and promptly fell became concerned about Kreipe's delay in
asleep. For the first time since the moment arriving home that evening of April 26th,
of the kidnaping, Leigh Fermor had an and phoned the General's headquarters,
opportunity to study his prisoner. Hein- only to be told that he had left at the usurich Kreipe was a thick-set man with the al hour. A motor patrol traveled the entypical Germanic countenance of thin lips, tire route from Villa Ariadne to headquarbull neck, and blue eyes. He was graying ters and back with no sign of the General
at the temples, so Fermor judged him to or of anything unusual along the way.
be in his early fifties .
The Opel limousine was sighted the
Before falling asleep, Fermor chatted next day by a Fiesler-Storch observation
briefly with the General. Kreipe related plane, and when a patrol arrived later, they
that he had been sent to Crete as a "rest found Fermor's note.
cure" after his service on the Russian
That same afternoon, low-flying airFront. Ironically, he reflected, that the craft circled over the villages of eastern
35
Crete dropping leaflets with threats of reprisals:
TO ALL CRETANS:
LAST NIGHT THE GERMAN
GENERAL KREIPE WAS ABDUCTED BY BANDITS. HE IS NOW BEING
CONCEALED IN THE CRETAN
MOUNTAINS AND HIS WHEREABOUTS CANNOT BE UNKNOWN
TO THE POPULACE.
IF THE GENERAL IS NOT RETURNED WITHIN THREE DAYS,
ALL VILLAGES IN THE IRAKLION
DISTRICT WILL BE RAZED TO THE
GROUND AND THE SEVEREST
MEASURES OF REPRISAL WILL BE
BROUGHT TO BEAR ON THE CIVILIAN POPULATION.
All over Crete, the abduction of the
German general raised hilarity and jubilation among the people. Its very audacity drew their admiration. One villager expressed the feelings of all: "Imagine," he
remarked gleefully to another, "taking
their general right out of his headquarters!"
Even the personnel at British headquarters in Cairo smiled phlegmatically at
the success of the operation. The director
of the Cretan Desk of the SOE, Major
Jack Smith-Hughes, released a sigh of relief, commenting happily that, "...it looks
as if Fermor and Moss did it!" After all, it
had been Smith-Hughes who had granted permission for Fermor and Moss to
proceed with the operation, over the objections of the operations chief of the Cretan section .
General Bruno Brauer -- who was the
over-all commanding general of the Fortress of Crete with headquarters in
Khania, while Kreipe was the divisional
commander in the Iraklion-Lasithi district
-- reacted immediately to the abduction
episode. As a colonel during the battle for
Crete back on May 20, 1941, he commanded the First Parachute Regiment and had
parachuted with his troops into Iraklion.
Now, he strengthened his headquarters
guard and increased his personal escort.
He was taking no chances of being kidnaped like Kreipe by British comma ndos
or by Cretan guerrillas.
The next morning, the alarm spread
that Germans were in the area. Paterakis
awakened Fermor abruptly, shaking him
out of his dreams. Manoli's face was visibly excited.
"Germans coming!" he warned. "Plenty Germans in village!"
36
Everyone scrambled into their clothes other villages in the Anoghia district. They
and left hastily for the security of a cave even dive-bombed these villages. The inin the nearby mountains. Light , habitants, accustomed to these barbarous
slow-moving
aircraft
like
the pogroms fled to the mountains. The few
Fieseler-Storch ob~ervation plane, flew that remained were summarily executed
over the sector looking for signs of the with no regard for age or sex. It was reGeneral and his abductors. From the cam- ported that in several instances, the Geouflaged opening of the cave, Fermor and stapo threw tied villagers into the flames
the rest looked up and could see the ob- of their burning homes, while they stood
servation aircraft flying back and forth around and laughed. It was the shadow
of June 1941 all over again.
overhead.
After many hours of travel over the
With nightfall, Fermor, Moss, Paterakis, Tyrakis with the General in tow, left rugged mountains -- now traveling in daythe cave for the long hard trek southward light but always keeping in the shadows
to the beach and eventual evacuation. The and hiding from overflying aircraft that
movement was at snails pace because the appeared periodically -- Fermor and the
General, being unaccustomed to such rest climbed the heights of Mount Ida, the
physical exertion, was slow-moving , tallest mountain in Crete. From this eleslowed further by his complaint of a pain vation they could see the southern waters
of the Mediterranean, so close yet so far.
in his leg.
"Pain my ---!" Paterakis shouted angriAs they traveled through the mountain
ly. "He moves slowly purposely to delay passes, they noted guerrilla lookouts, pous, that's what!" And with that, he prod- sitioned intermittently on rocky outcrops,
who whistled from one to another signalded the German with his weapon.
Before dawn , they approached a ing their approach. Finally, at one point
mountain peak where they were greeted on the trail, a host of guerrillas appeared,
on the trail by an old, toothless, greeting Fermor, Moss, and the rest with
white-haired shepherd who offered them kisses and embraces. There to greet them
the hospitality of his sheep fold. With the personally and congratulate them heartifirst rays elf daylight dawning it was well ly for their heroic action, was the leader
that they hide from enemy observation. of the band, the handsome, white-haired
The old shepherd fed them goat's cheese, Michali Xilouris. With him were three
bread, and wine, which they ate ravenous- other SOE agents led by a Lieutenant
ly. He sat off to the side of his stone hut John Houseman. One of the trio was Capand watched them, telling them how hon- tain Tom Dunbabin's wireless operator.
Sadly, Fermor was to learn that Tom
ored he felt to have them share his food
and simple shelter with him. He offered Dunbabin was in hiding, suffering from
to guide them along the trail southward malaria, and could not be located. Furto another sheep fold and another shep- thermore, Houseman's radioman reported that his wireless was not operating beherd.
No cave, track , or hiding lair was un- cause of an irreplaceable broken tube .
known to these shepherds, and the Ger- Much to Fermor's chagrin , this news
mans knew it. They also knew of the as- meant that the schedule as to time and
sistance these shepherds gave to the guer- date for evacuation had not been commurillas and to the agents of the SOE. The nicated to Cairo by Dunbabin, nor could
Germans soon discovered that this par- it be from this mountain lair. Fermor deticular shepherd had assisted the abduc- cided to send runners with written instruction team in its trip through the moun- tions to Captain Sandy Rendel , the SOE
tains, and a few days later, a German pa- agent stationed in the Lasithi Mountains
trol captured this old white-haired shep- area, and to Captain Dick Barnes, a reherd and shot hitn in the back as he scur- cent SOE arrival working in the western
ried off. They gathered his few sheep for part of Crete, telling them to transmit the
the German mess hall , and left his corpse message to Cairo and set the date and
to rot among the mountain escarpments place for evacuation.
When they finally departed from Xilwhere he had spent all his life.
Reprisals now began against the local ouris' hideout, the Fermor-Moss team was
population because of the kidnaping, even escorted through the mountain passes by
though Fermor's note exonerated their in- the Xilouris guerrillas until they left that
volvement. The Germans burned and dy- sector and entered that of Kapetan
namited every house in Anoghia and in George Petergeorge. There they were met
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
by the tall, bearded, aristocratic-looking
guerrilla chieftain whose war-like apparel gave the assurance of security.
Fermor and Moss respectfully referred
to him as "P.G." and could not forget that
he, a merchant before the war, maintained
his band of followers in his personal war
with the Nazis at his own expense until
the British began to subsidize his group.
They waited anxiously for several days
at Petergeorge's hideout for receipt of any
message from Cairo but none came .
Meanwhile, the Germans tightened the
noose in the area as they searched relentlessly for their general. At last, on May
2nd, they received a message by runner
from Sandy Rendel. A boat would meet
them at the inlet near the village of Sakhtouria on the southern coast that night. If
Fermor and the rest are delayed, the boat
would return for four consecutive nights.
This schedule gave them several days to
reach the embarkation point. Unfortunately for them, fate willed otherwise.
The very next day, over 200 Panzer
Grenadiers entered Sakhtouria which they
demolished together with many surrounding villages including Margarikari, Kapetan Petergeorge's home village. The Germans did not know it at the time that their
intervention had blocked the kidnaper's
plan to escape with their prisoner. Simultaneously, other German units entered the
southern villages of Timbaki, Melambes,
Akoumia, and Spilia, thus forming an arc
of strong-points that interdicted access to
the southern coastal waters of the Messara Gulf. The Fermor-Moss team was cut
off to the south.
On May 3rd, Mickey Akoumianakis
and Elias Athanassakis -- the two members of the original abduction team that
had remained behind -- arrived from Iraklion. Akoumianakis mentioned the prevailing rumor that the General's A.D.C.
and the sentries at the villa Ariadne had
been arrested by the Gestapo. The General shrugged his shoulders indifferently
when told, commenting that, "... he did not
care what the Gestapo did to his sycophantic A.D.C., who was nothing but an
idiot, but felt sorry for the guards who
were good men."
The only possible route that remained
open to the Fermor-Moss team was westward to the village of Kerames on the
western side of the 5800-foot Mount
Kedros. But before they had begun this
arduous journey, word was received via
the reliable guerrilla grapevine that GerSEPTEMBER, 1996
man troops had already seized the village.
So the days passed slowly and anxiously.
Another message received by runner on
May 5th related that a commando unit,
under the famed George Jellicoe, would
land at the coastal village of Limni on
May 9th with orders to contact the Fermor team and help disembark them. The
very next day, Limni was occupied by the
Germans and the plan had to be abandoned. The Fermor-Mbss team were isolated together with their valuable prize.
Things were getting desperate and for
the first time since the kidnaping, Fermor
was beginning to worry . Wherever he
turned, German detachments appeared
ahead of them, while other enemy units
followed close on their heels. At one point,
a German patrol entered a village searching for Kreipe . Through loudspeakers
they called for him by name, the sound of
which bounced repeatedly against the
canyon-like walls of the surrounding
mountains, echoing over and over again.
From a cave high up on one of those
mountains, Fermor, Moss, Paterakis, and
Tyrakis watched the Germans move like
ants below them . They were getting closer and closer, but as Moss expressed it
best, "... they were not close enough!"
There were several explosions that echoed beyond the mountains indicating that
the Germans were dynamiting villages
and setting the area afire. Throughout the
long arduous trek , General Kreipe continuously complained of poor food, fatigue, and of his constant leg pain. But
when Kreipe heard the explosions, he
shook his head and smiled for the first time
since his capture, smiling at the thought
of what tribute his troops were exacting
from the local population for this kidnaping.
"It is so easy and so practical for us to
kill Cretans and destroy their villages in
reprisal for what you British do!" he commented.
The words stunned Moss, who admonished the General sharply with strong
words. Later, Kreipe apologized for his
behavior, attributing his words to his lack
of familiarity with the French language,
the medium with which he communicated his thoughts to Moss. With each passing day, Kreipe's hopes for rescue by his
troops diminished. Daily, he observed
Cretan guerrillas coming and going over
the mountain passes, fearlessly ignoring
the presence of German patrols. It seemed
that a strong line of guerrillas was always
present to protect the Fermor-Moss team.
He was amazed at the hundreds of these
mountain fighters who came out of their
hideouts, escorted them a short distance,
and then disappeared like shadows, only
to be replaced by others who flitted like
ghosts out of nowhere. It was reassuring
for Fermor and his team, yet mystifying
and dismaying to Kreipe, who as a general of a conquering army thought of Crete
as a German occupied land.
Kreipe seemed to have accepted his
fate as a prisoner. It was an insult to his
military honor in that the troops under his
command did not make a greater effort
to rescue him. Who had ever heard of a
German general officer being kidnaped by
his enemies? What an embarrassment, he
must have thought, to the whole occupation force in Crete. These very thoughts
were enough to bring forth sighs of despair from an otherwise silent captive.
Fermor and Moss heard these sighs and
understood their significance.
Life in the mountain hideouts continued until word came from Cairo. One day,
Moss decided to bathe, a rare event for
these mountaineers. He had spent the earlier part of the morning stripped to the
waist and picking fleas and lice from his
clothing. He eventually collected quite a
colony of live ones which he carefully
dropped one-by-one into a sock. Then he
took off the rest of his clothes and stood
under a waterfall entirely nude, enjoying
the refreshing flow of water on his body.
The Cretans were shocked by his nudity
in front of them. Their pattern of washing was to first take off the top clothes,
wash to the waist, put the clothes back on,
and then do the rest. They would never
appear totally in the nude. When they saw
Moss standing before them in his birthday suit, the Cretan onlookers looked in
another direction, then scampered away.
Moss and Fermor laughed at their reaction.
The next night, they departed for a new
hideout. One of guerrillas had liberated
a donkey from a nearby village especially
for the General, to relieve him from walking on his aching leg. After Kreipe mounted the animal and moved along the trail,
the donkey suddenly stumbled. The resulting jolt broke the saddle-strap, throwing
the General onto the rocks. He fell heavilyon his shouldellf. injuring it severely.
Kreipe lay there writhing in pain and cursing in fashionable army language, spewing a multitude of invectives at the don37
key, the Cretans, the mountains, and of
course, Fermor and Moss.
They made an improvised sling for him
and slipped it onto his shoulder, easing
his discomfort. Without further delay,
they continued on the trail to their next
hideout. One of the Cretan guerrilla escorts was assigned to hold onto the animal's strap to prevent a reoccurrence of
any similar mishap to their captive. On
another occasion, while on foot, the General slipped on some loose rocks and
rolled upright into a hollow. From the
sound of his surprised scream, everyone
thought he had fallen over the precipice.
When they reached him, they found him
sitting comfortably on his derriere, uninjured, with a boyish smile on his face .
On May 12, they met Captain Denis
Cic1itiras, another SOE agent, a British
officer of Grecian ancestry. He had arrived at the hideout the previous day and
waited for Fermor and Moss.
Cic1itiras, nicknamed Dionysios by the
Cretans, informed Fermor and Moss that
his wireless set was at the village of Asi
Gonia, which was now totally under German control. It would be very difficult,
he pointed out, to send a message to Cairo
from his transmitter, in view of the German presence. Fermor felt stymied again,
and time was running out. In spite of the
danger involved, Cic1itiras left the next
day for Asi Gonia with the promise that
he would try to make contact with Cairo
to set a new date for a boat to come and
evacuate the group. They waited hopefully throughout the day of May 13th for
confirmation that he had indeed made
contact with Cairo, but none came.
That night, they had a nocturnal visitor in the person of Captain Dick Barnes
- Pavlo - who had received Fermor's letter some days earlier. He had contacted
Cairo successfully, and now had arrived
at this hideout above Yerikari village to
bring the message in person.
He shook Leigh Fermor and Moss vigorously, trying to waken them from the
deep sleep that fatigue and wine had induced. Fermor stirred, blinking his eyes
to get used to this rude awakening. "What
the hell is it this time?" he grumbled.
When Dick Barnes' baritone voice echoed in the darkness, both Fermor and
Moss jumped up.
"A boat is coming to fetch you at
Rhodakino Beach tomorrow night," he
said. "You had better hurry up if you want
to get there on time!"
38
They held a hasty conference, and
made an equally hasty departure. Before
setting off, Barnes gave them the map
co-ordinates of the beach site where the
boat would meet them, and the coded signals for identification.
A half day's march westward, near the
boundary that separated the province of
Rethimnon from that of Khania stood the
southern village of Rhodakino with its
coastal beach. The village had a deep
water cove and most important of all, it
was still free of Germans. As Barnes had
reported, the boat was going to be at that
site at 10:00 P.M. on the night of May
14th. The race was on! The Fermor-Moss
team with their prisoner, had to reach that
beach before the Germans could block
that last avenue of escape. It was a thought
that feverishly raced through the mind of
each man as they began what they hoped
would be the final leg of this circuitous
journey to safety.
Fermor, Paterakis, and Kreipe took the
longer thirteen-hour trail to the beach,
which was safer and less arduous for the
General to maintain. Moss, Tyrakis, and
the others traveled the more difficult one
which took only five hours. They met on
the heights above the beach by 11 :00 A.M.
of May 14th, nineteen days since the day
of the abduction.
At nightfall , about 9:00 P.M. , they descended to the beach and waited for the
ten o'clock rendezvous hour to approach.
Exactly on the hour, Fermor handed
Moss a flashlight from his knapsack. Moss
climbed a rock and prepared to give the
signal.
"What are the code letters?" Moss
asked, having forgotten Barnes instructions.
"S.B.", Fermor replied.
"How do you spell S.B. in dots and
dashes?"
"Haven't a clue. I thought you knew
how to do it.
"Not I."
"Sure?"
"I know how to do S.O.S."
"God forbid!" responded Fermor,
horror-struck.
They looked at each other for a few
minutes and said nothing. Then they decided to give the "S.OS' signal, omitting
the "0" which left it only partially correct.
"After all," Fermor argued, trying to
excuse the fact that neither of them knew
Morse code, "we are not regular soldiersColeman knows that!"
Moss blinked the signal repeatedly:
"S-S-S-S." Then he waited anxiously for
a reply. None was forthcoming. Nothing
was seen; nothing was heard. There was
utter silence. Even the lapping waves were
quiet.
Paterakis did hear something. Touching Fermor on the shoulder, he pointed
to his ear. From the inky blackness where
the sea blended with the darkness of night,
the sound of a boat's engine was audible.
It lasted for a few minutes, then faded
away.
George Tyrakis murmured worriedly,
"I think she go away!"
Fermor agreed, remarking disappointedly, "They have missed us!"
They sat there on the rock, disconsolate, almost to the point of tears.
Then out of the darkness, they heard a
familiar voice hailing them:
"Paddy, Billy!" It was Denis Ciclitiras,
who did not go back to Asi Gonia as he
had planned, but hiked to the beach instead via a detour to avoid German patrols.
"Do you know the Morse code?" Fermor and Moss inquired simultaneously,
hoping that he did. He did, indeed!
Ciclitiras took the flashlight, mounted
the rock, and began flashing the correct
signal, "S.B.- S.B.- S.B." as quickly as his
finger could press the button.
It took time, but soon the throb of engines was audible again, getting louder
and louder. Then a huge black shadow
loomed out of the darkness. It was the
rescue boat. Everyone jumped with excitement and relief at the sight. Even the General smiled, for his ordeal was almost over.
In a short time, several dinghys reached
the beach, and well-armed men with
blackened faces and wearing berets came
ashore. They were British commandos
who came to safeguard the rescue. Additional dinghies arrived moments later
bringing more commandos who appeared
anxious for a fight with hate in their heart
and murder in their eyes.
"Where are the Germans? We'll kill
them!"
"There are no Germans here," Fermor
replied.
"Then we'll go find some and shoot the
bastards!"
After much debate, Fermor finally succeeded in dissuading them from such rash
action which would delay and jeopardize
the evacuation. The commando leader,
Robert Bury, eventually relented, and disGREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
"Marine Shark" Reunion
CHICAGO, IL.--They were American
citizens stranded in Greece, who survived
the ravages of World War II and escaped
the escalating carnage of the Greek civil
war. On June 28, 1946, they boarded the
American troop carrier, S.S. Marine Shark
at Piraeus and arrived at New York on July
10,1946.
Fifty years later, on July 10, 1996,
joined by family and friends, they met for
an emotional reunion at Chicago's Parthenon Restaurant to dine together and
reminisce about their historic voyage. The
event was organized by Aris F. Yanibas,
Chicago attorney and founder of the
Greek-American Library Assn . (GALA),
who was eight when he crossed the Atlantic on the Marine Shark.
Addressing his fellow passengers, Yanibas said, "We meet again after fifty years
to celebrate both Thanksgiving and Memorial Day. Thanksgiving, for all the blessings we enjoy as living Americans and Memorial Day in honor of those loved ones
embarkation began when the landing officer interjected, "Excuse me, Gentlemen,
but we ought to get a move on!"
FareweJls were said with hugs and kisses, the Cretan escorts inviting them to return to the island soon. Then Fermor,
Moss, Paterakis, Tyrakis, and the General were rowed out to the waiting motor
launch . Brian Coleman, the boat's commander, greeted them when they came on
deck .
As the motorized Royal Navy boat
puJled away from Rhodakinon Beach,
they all stood by the rail peering into the
darkness at the rapidly disappearing
coastline of Crete. Only the dark-shaped
mass of mountains, soaring up against the
star-filled sky, could be discerned as the
boat turned and cut through the waves for
Egypt.
It was safety at last for these gallant
men of the abduction team, and a
prisoner-of-war camp for their captive,
General Heinrich Kreipe. The daring abduction of a German general was over.
who are not with us because they have departed on the eternal Odyssey to a new Ithaca."
Among the passengers present for the
reunion were Chrysanthi Catranis and her
daughters Penny Menegas and Paula
Athans; Elizabeth Dongas and her sister,
Nicki Varvisotis; John Gaveras; Mrs. Maria Gouletas and her sons Nick and Victor;
Sam Stamatis and his brother Steven P.
Stamatis and Pete Yianibas, brother of
Aris. Anne Sofios attended in honor of her
late brother, George Stratigos. Spiros J.
Arvanitis, Leonardos Calengas and Nick
Carallis were absent due to travel or other
commitments.
The spirit of the anniversary was captured in Hellenic verse by restaurateur
Petros Mastoris, a GALA poet laureate. His
poem, Epeteios Marine Shark, was read by
Erietta Yanibas, wife of Aris. Many in the
audience could not hold back the tears.
Marine Shark passenger, Nick Catranis,
who resides in Mobile, Alabama, sent his
greetings by phone and suggested the next
reunion be held in New York City with
national participation.
Marine Shark passengers interested in
organizing a fifty-first year reunion in 1997
are invited to write to Aris F. Yanibas at
5443 N. Lincoln, Chicago, IL 60625 or
phone (312) 784-6662.
Cocktail Hour
7 Course Dinner.
Tiered Wedding Cake
Silver Candelabras and Flowers
Flaming Jubilee Show. Private Bridal
Rooms. White Glove Service
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Tel: (908) 322-7726
End
SEPTEMBER, 1996
39
Greek - Americans in Review
By SUSAN K. KLERIDES
Dr. John Xanthopoulos Promoted at AIFL
Dr. John Xanthopoulos, a contributing editor to Greek-American Review, has been
appointed Director of General Education at the Art Institute of Fort Lauderdale. He
succeeds Dr. Grace Klinefelter. Dr. Xanthopoulos has a distinguished background in
adult education, political science, history, and multicultural affairs. He received his
doctorate in education and social science from Walden University in 1989. He has two
master of arts degrees from the University of Miami and New York University. In
addition to being widely published and addressing national conferences, Dr. Xanthopoulos has served on the faculties of Florida Atlantic University, Broward Community
College, Lynn University, and the Nova School.
mainly in the areas of early Christianity
and Eastern Orthodox Studies. As assistant professor, his appointment provides
primarily for course work at the Graduate
Theological Union, but also includes administrative responsibility as Assistant
Director at the Patriarch Athenagoras
Orthodox Institute, a longtime GTU affiliate dedicated to the preservation and promotion of Eastern Orthodox theology and
culture.
The Patriarch Athenagoras Institute is
an inter-Orthodox endeavor supported by
various Orthodox churches in the United
States. While instruction is its primary
purpose, the Institute's mission has many
parallel objectives, such as lectureships,
colloquia, symposia, campus ministry, and
publications. Its library, with nearly
lO,OOO volumes offers a unique collection
of Orthodox material on the West Coast.
James C. Skedros Appointed
to Athenagoras Institute
Glenn R. Bucher, president of the Graduate Theological Union (GTU) of the Patriarch Athenagoras Orthodox Institute
(PAOI) , in Berkeley, CA, recently announced the appointment of James C.
Skedros as Assistant Professor of Orthodox Studies under the auspices of the Alexander Spanos Chair at GTU. A graduate of the Harvard Divinity School and the
Holy Cros Orthodox School of Theology
in Brookline, MA, Mr. Skedros was
awarded a Fulbright Scholarship in 1992.
He has taught at both Harvard Divinity
School and Holy Cross.
Mr. Skedros's scholarly pursuits are
SEPTEMBER, 1996
Dr. Basil S. Hilaris Awarded
Marie Curie Gold Medal
Basil S. Hilaris, M.D., FACR, professor, and Chairman of the Department of
Radiation Medicine at New York Medical
College, officially relocated his chairmanship and clinical activities from the
Westchester County Medical Center Campus in Valhalla, NY, to Our Lady of Mercy Medical Center in the Bronx. Dr. Hilaris is an internationally renowned radiation oncologist in practice for over three
decades. He graduated from the University of Athens Medical School, and completed his residency and several fellow-
Dr. Paulus Elected President of Donor Registry
Dr. Peter Paulus, chairman of the AHEPA Bone Marrow Donor Registry, has been
elected president of the American Bone Marrow Donor Registry. Dr. Paulus, of Ocala,
FL, is an active AHEP A member and served as supreme president from 1978-79.
The American Registry, established in 1984, was the first group of individual registries to be combined into one national organization. Its purpose is to expand the bone
marrow donor list, inform people about the need and process of marrow donation, and
assist patients through their donor search and eventual transplantation. The American
Registry has developed standards and procedures for the patient donor search process
and the testing of potential marrow donors. In 1987, patient services were expanded to
include a Patient Coordinating Center at the University of Massachusetts. The Center
attempts to expedite the donor search process while providing individuals comprehensive assistance during their search.
Organized in 1989, the AHEP A Registry was created primarily to compile a marrow donor file of individuals of Greek descent, and was the direct result of a donor
search conducted for Dr. Peter Gallas by Dr. Paulus, Theodore Gallas, George Pilavakis, and George Smyrnios.
43
ships at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, where he practiced for over 25 years. He has authored
over 250 papers, chapters, and books. He
established the ftrst brachytherapy service
in the United States, which has served as
the model for many programs since. Dr.
Hilaris was a pioneer in the use of radioactive implants and remote afterloading
techniques, treatments now considered
standard. In recognition of his accomplishments and contributions to medicine, he
was honored with the Marie Curie Gold
Medal Award. The award was given to Dr.
Hilaris by the family of Madame Curie in
Paris.
In 1988, Dr. Hilaris accepted the chairmanship at N ew York Medical College of
the then newly-created Department of
Radiation Medicine. During the next 7
years, he established a radiation research
and radiobiology laboratory; a fullyaccredited residency training pro gram, of
which residents rotate to Our Lady of
Mercy Medical Center; a hyperthermia
center, the only active one west and north
of New York City; the ftrst active high dose
rate afterloading program at Westchester
County Medical Center; and a program for
transrectal guided brachytherapy for prostate and gynecological tumors, which is
already underway at Our Lady of Mercy
Medical Center. He was instrumental in
establishing the Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Program in the Department of Radiation
Medicine, and plans to actively direct a
full-fledged brachytherapy center at Our
Lady of Mercy.
James D. Speros Honored
By Baruch Alumni
James D. Speros, Director of Corporate
Advertising & Brand Management for
AT&T, was honored by the Baruch College Alumni Association at its annual
alumni reunion luncheon at the Plaza
Hotel in New York City. The Outstanding
Achievement Award is presented to those
individuals who have made notable contributions to their professions.
Mr. Speros has 20 years experience in
advertising, having worked in various areas of the AT&T organization since 1979.
Among his many honors, he was cited as
one of the "100 Best and Brightest" in the
industry by Advertising Age magazine;
44
inducted into the American Federation
Hall of Achievement; named "Client of the
Year" by the Newspaper Industry; and received the Robert Goldstein Award for his
outstanding contributions as volunteer director on the Ad Council's Teen Alcoholism campaign.
After graduating magna cum laude
with a degree in marketing and advertising from Baruch College, Mr. Speros attended the Executive Development Program at Duke University's Fuqua School
of Business. He served as chairman of the
Association of National Advertisers Newspaper and Magazine Committee from
1986-89, and currently serves on the
Boards of Directors of both the Association of National Advertisers and BP A International. Active in his community, Mr.
Speros is a member of the Berkeley
Heights Education Foundation and is a
Sunday school teacher for high school students.
Spero Margeotes Re-elected
President of Deborah Hospital
Spero Margeotes, a senior partner in
the accounting ftrm S. Margeotes & Co.,
Bloomfteld, NJ, has been re-elected President of Deborah Heart and Lung Center,
Deborah Hospital Foundation and Deborah Research Institute in Browns Mills,
NJ. Mr. Margeotes is active in the
Greek-American community and the
Greek Orthodox Church, serving as member and past president of the parish coun-
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GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
cil of St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church
in Newark. He is also past chairman of
the board of AlIEPA. Through his involvement with Deborah Hospital, Mr. Margeotes was first elected a member of its
executive board in 1983. He was board
chairman from 1987 to 1990, and from
1992 to June 1994. He will again serve a
two-year term as president.
Deborah Heart and Lung Center is a
161-bed teaching hospital specializing in
the diagnosis and treatment of heart, lung,
and vascular diseases in adults, and congenital and acquired heart diseases in children. Deborah Research Institute conducts
research to find the causes and cures for
cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases.
Deborah Hospital Foundation provides
fund-raising support and awareness for the
Center and Research Institute through the
efforts of nearly 70,000 volunteers in about
300 Deborah chapters.
Through his involvement with both
Deborah Hospital and AHEPA, Mr. Margeotes helped establish a working relationship with the Greek government to provide cardiac surgical care for Greek children at Deborah Heart and Lung Center,
through the Deborah Hospital Foundation's Children of the World Program. The
hospital also hosts teams of nurses, therapists, and technicians from AHEPA General Hospital in Thessaloniki, for instruction and observation at the Center.
A graduate of Rutgers University, Mr.
Margeotes is a former director of St. Basil's Academy in Garrison, NY, and a
former youth advisor for GOYA. He resides in Clifton, NJ, with his wife, Bette
Lee.
Prof. Michael Antonakes
Received Honorary Degree
Professor Michael Antonakes received
an honorary doctor of humane letters during Salem State College's 186th undergraduate commencement exercises. A resident of Lynn, MA, Professor Antonakes
is a retired member of the Salem State
College faculty. He holds a BA from Tufts
University, an MA from Boston University, and a Ph.D. in comparative literature
from New York University. A Fulbright
scholar at the University of Athens, Professor Antonakes brought recognition to
Salem State through his translations and
adaptations of the work of Nikos Kazantzakis. He also made significant contributions to the development of the college's
peace studies program.
DNC Makes Additions
to Council
John Catsimatidis, chairman of the
Greek American Leadership Council of
the Democratic National Committee
(DNC) recently named additional representatives from various states to serve on
the Council. The following individuals
have been appointed to serve as representatives of their respective state: Mr. Harold
Pachios, ME; Mr. Jerry Lorant, AL; Mr.
John Plumides, NC; Lt. Governor Nick
Theodore, SC; Mr. Nick Geanopoulos, PA;
Mr. Savas Tsavicas, NJ; and Mr. Jim Armanakis, named General Counsel, NY.
Senator Paul Sarbanes (D-MD), former
Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis, and Dr. John Brademas have agreed
All Major Airlines: Domestic
OUR
Cruises
Tours
SEPTEMBER, 1996
PRlc.eS
AR.E
~
to serve as honorary chairmen. National
co-chairman of the Council, Philip Christopher, recently chaired a DNC Greek
American gala in New York City to raise
funds for President Clinton's reelection
campaign.
AHEPANames
New Executive Director
The American Hellenic Educational
Progressive Association has named Nicholas Garnett as its new executive director.
Mr. Garnett comes to AHEP A with more
than a decade of experience in association
management with both trade associations
and professional societies, including five
years as a director of membership services for the National District Attorneys Association. Most recently, Mr. Garnett was
the director of marketing for McKinley
Marketing, Inc. , a marketing consulting
company specializing in affinity marketing.
A first generation Greek-American,
Mr. Garnett was born in NJ and raised in
Washington, DC. He is a graduate of the
University of Maryland at College Park.
MD .
Award Named In Honor
of Joan Lambros
The Fluorine Chapter of Iota Sigma Pi
an institution in Cleveland, OH for over
75 years, recently announced the dedication of the Joan P. Lambros Distinguished
Service Award. Named in Ms. Lambros's
honor, in recognition of her many years
of service and dedication to Iota Sigma
Foreign
MAJOR CREDIT CARDS
V.ERY COMP.ETITIVEI
108 Main Street
Little Falls, N.J. 07424
(201) 785-0666
Fax: (201) 785-1326
Member:
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C.L.I.A., A.S.T.A.
45
Pi, the award will be presented annually
to a member for her distinguished service
and commitment to the chapter.
Ms. Lambros received her BA in chemistry from Case Western Reserve University, and did graduate work in organic
chemistry, marketing, and economics at
CWRU, the University of Houston, and the
University of Athens, Greece. She completed her MA in economics at the University of Athens. Ms. Lambros received
an honorary Ph.D. from the University of
Athens in recognition of her work with
the Greek Orthodox Church and with
Greek relief agencies. Ms. Lambrosjoined
Sherwin Williams as a coatings chemist
soon after receiving her BA. She was also
an instructor at Miami University and the
University of Athens. She then joined the
Lubrizol Corporation and began her nontraditional chemical career in industrial
marketing research. Ms. Lambros later
moved to SCM as a marketing analyst and
was eventually promoted to marketing research associate.
After her tenure in the chemical industry, she formed her own consulting company, Lambros and Associates, which offered marketing and strategic planning to
clients. Ms. Lambros is involved in many
professional, religious, and community activities. She was the first woman council-
lor. and later chair, for the Cleveland Section of the American Chemical Society.
She also served on the Women Chemists
Committee for several years as well as the
Committee on Publications.
Ms. Lambros has been involved in
many aspects of Iota Sigma Pi, both on
the national and local level. She served as
the national editor of the lotan, national
president, parliamentarian for the national convention, chairperson of the national
honorary member award committee, and
advisor to the national president. In addition to her honorary Ph.D ., she has received the Archdiocese Award of the Greek
Orthodox Church, the YWCA Business
Woman Leader's Achievement Award for
Distinguished Service and Leadership, a
Certificate of Recognition from the 'SCM
Corporation, and is listed in Who's Who
of American Women, and the 1976 edition of International Who's Who ofWomen, Notable Americans.
Peter Cokkinias Conducts
Marlborough Symphony
Under the musical direction of Peter
Cokkinias, the Marlborough Symphony
Orchestra presented a Summer Pops at
Stratus concert, featuring the orchestral
21ST ANNUAL AHEPA GREEK
WEEKEND IN WILDWOOD
DEDICATED TO
AHEPA SCHOLARSHIPS
Friday, Saturday, and Sunday
SEPTEMBER 27,28 & 29,1996
+LODGING - Two Nights
+ FRIDAY EVENING - Full Hot and
Cold Smorgasbord, Dancing all
evening at Wildwood's spacious Convention Hall, Continuous music by two
orchestras - The Cosmopolitans and
Sasha
+BREAKFAST BUFFET - Saturday &
Sunday Morning
+LUNCH - Saturday Noon
+FABULOUS DINNER - Saturday Evening
+DANCING at Wildwood's spacious
Convention Hall featuring continuous
music by Nicos Nicolaides Orchestra
and Sasha
+ATIEND THE DIVINE LITURGY at St.
Demetrios Church
+FAREWELL LUNCHEON after the Liturgy
Only $125.00 per person (double occupancy)
(If reservations received by Sept. 1st)
MAKE YOUR RESERVATION TODAY!
Make check payable to Ahepa Chapter No. 450 and mail to:
I
Gust C. Kraras, P.O. Box 553, Wildwood, NJ 08260
_~J
46
Peter Cokkinias
world premier of A Summer Day at Fort
Meadow by Alexandros Kalogeras. The
concert took place at Stratus Computer in
Marlborough, MA.
Mr. Cokkinias, a native of Springfield,
MA, was educated in Hartford, N ew York
City, and Cincinnati, where he received
his doctorate of music from the University of Cincinnati. He is presently completing his 16th season as music director of
The Greater Marlborough Symphony Orchestra. Prior to his work with the Marlborough Symphony Orchestra, he was executive and artistic director of the Tufts
Opera Theater. For six years, he was responsible for producing seven fully-stage
operas including Madam Butterfly, The
Bartered Bride, and Cosifan Tutte. After
his appointment, he produced Carmen ,
The Barber of Seville, La Boheme, and
La Traviata. His guest conducting engagements include subscription concerts with
the Beaumont Symphony (TX); the Hellenic Symphony (CT); Springfield Symphony (MA); and the Boston Pops. Mr
Cokkinias is presently on the faculties of
the Berklee College of Music and The
Boston Conservatory, where he is professor of conducting and clarinet.
Alexandros Kalogeras currently lives
in Boston and teaches music at Berklee
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
College of Music and Harvard University.
Born in Athens in 1961 , he pursued his
studies in composition at Boston University (BM, MM) and Harvard (Ph.D.) under the guidance of Theodore Antoniou,
Bernard Rands, John Harbison, and
Donald Martino. His work includes pieces for solo instruments, chamber music,
orchestra, chorus, music for the theater,
as well as electronic and computer music.
Five of his works have been awarded first
prizes in competitions in the United States
and Europe. During the present season,
his music will be featured in Boston, New
York, DeLand, Chicago, Pittsburgh, Amsterdam, Athens, Tokyo, Vilnius, and elsewhere. Mr. Kalogeras is a frequent guest
of festivals in the United States, Europe,
and Russia, where he has presented some
40 lectures on the contemporary music
scene in the United States and other parts
of the world.
Aglaia Kremezi Appears on Cable TV
Award-winning Greek cookbook author, Aglaia Kremezi, made a special guest appearance during the debut of The Key to Greece shopping program on QVC, the
well-known shop-at-home cable network. Ms. Kremezi conducted cooking demonstrations with QVC program host Judy Crowell. Born in Athens, Ms. Kremezi is a
food columnist for the Sunday Athens paper, Kynakatiki Eleflherotypia, and is a contributing author for the Los Angeles Times. The Foods of Greece, her first cookbook
published in the United States, won the prestigious Julia Child Award for First Book
in 1994.
.
In addition to Ms. Kremezi's The Foods ofGreece cookbook, the two-hour program
featured such merchandise as traditional Greek foods from Krinos Foods, jewelry inspired by various periods of Greek history, pure olive oil soaps, and art work such as
vases and handcrafted dolls in authentic Greek costumes.
The Traditional
Greek Hospitality
For any reason you
come to Greece for
business or vacations
the Electra Group of
Hotels are ideal for
your stay.
GREEK-AMERICANS
COAST TO COAST
Crown Prince Pavlos of Greece and and
his wife have announced the birth of their
first child, Maria OIymhia, a girl, born
on July 25, at The New York Hospital.
Maria Olymbia weighed 8lbs. 11 oz. at
birth. Pavlos, 29, is the eldest son of
former King Constantine of Greece and
Queen Anne-Marie. They reside in Greenwich, CT. Crown Princess, the former
Marie-Chantal Miller, 27, is the daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Miller of Hong
Kong.
Dr. George C. Emmanouilides, a fellow
of the American Academy of Pediatrics,
and former chief of the Division of Pediatric Cardiology at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center in Torrence, CA, has been selected as the 1996 recipient of the
Founders Award of the American Academy of Pediatrics in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the field ofpediatric cardiology.
Fr. Alex Goussetis, assistant pastor of the
S1. Demetrios Church in Weston, MA, recently received his doctor of ministry degree in pastoral psychology and counseling from Andover Newton Theological
School.
SEPTEMBER, 1996
Electra Hotel in the
center of Athens.
Electra Palace Hotel in
Plaka district just in
the foot of Acropolis.
Electra Palace Hotel in
the most central and
picturesque square of
Thessaloniki.
Creta Beach Hotel &
Bungalows on the
beach of Ammoudara
just 5 kms from
Heraklion city.
Electra Palace Hotel
on the beach of Trianta
9 kms from the town of
Rhodes.
A chain of Hotels
well known for
its elegant
environment and
excellent service.
electra group of hotels
Athen. Electra Hotel: 5. Ennou Str.,
Constitution Sq. · 105 63
Tel.(OI) 32.23.223 - Fax 32.20.310 - Tlx 216896
Fully recon.tructed during 1991192
Athens Electra Palace Hot.l: 18. Nikodimou SIr. PI aka
District - 105 57
T.I.(01 )32.41.401- Fax 32.41.875 - Tlx 216896
Compl.tely renovated during 1991192
The.. alonlkl Electra ralace Hotel:
9, Arlstotelou! Sq. - 546 24
Tel.(031) 23.22.21 - Fax 23.59.47 - Tlx 412590
Completely renov.ted during 1992
Creta Beach Hotel & Bungalows:
Ammoudara, H.raclion - 715 00
Tel.(081) 25.23.02 - Fax 25.17.77
Rhode. Electra Palac. Hotel:
Trlanta Beach - 851 00
Tel.(0241) 92.521- Fax 92.038 - Tix 292465
Fully recon.tructed durlna 1991192
Executive oflice: 5. Ermou SIf.-lllS 61 Alhens
Tel.(0 1132.23.221- Fax .12.20.110 - Tix 21 6X'16
ELEGRA
GROUP OF
HOTELS
47
Dr. Ismene Petrakis, assistant professor of psychiatry at Yale University School of
Medicine, was recently presented with the
Chairman'; Award in recognition of her
outstanding clinical, teaching, and administrative contributions. The Chairman's
Award, given annually by the Department
of Psychiatry at Yale, recognizes the outstanding performance of one of its younger faculty members.
University of New York. The Walkathon
wound its way through Astoria, and was
well-attended by community residents,
friends , and family members who either
fmancially sponsored volunteers or walked
themselves. Among the community members who walked in support of this important Hellenic program was Kimon C.
Thermos, who is currently a candidate for
the New York State Assembly.
George H. Petrides, founder of Wild Bird
Centers of America, Inc., has been named
among the 1996 Greater Washington Entrepreneurs of the Year. This year, Success Magazine listed Wild Bird Centers
in their ranking of top franchise companies, and Entrepreneur Magazine named
it one of the top 30 new franchises. Wild
Bird Centers provide products, advice, and
support for people across the US and Canada who feed and watch wild birds.
Argyroula Saklis, a gifted GreekAmerican educator, has retired after 25 years of
teaching in the Greek education system.
Ms. Saklis most recently taught Greek at
the William Spyropoulos Day School of
St. Nicholas Church in Flushing. She also
taught adult Greek classes at St. Nicholas's evening school program. Ms. Saklis
plans to live in Athens.
Thelma Harris of Los Angeles, CA, was
recently honored as Mother of the Year by
the St. Sophia Cathedral Philoptochos Society at a benefit luncheon at the Regent
Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills.
Dr. Constantine Cavarnos recently addressed the Axion Society of Boston,
speaking on "The Hellenic Heritage: Ancient, Byzantine and Modem."
Dr. Christos J. Bentas, Professor of Classics, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, was one of several speakers at Brandeis University'S Classics Day '96, dedicated to "Disasters and Delights in the
Ancient World." The event was sponsored
by the Department of Classical Studies at
Brandeis University and the Massachusetts Junior Classical League.
Mike Pappas, Somerset County (NJ)
Freeholder, won the Republican nomination for congressman from the 12th District, upsetting two better-known, betterfinanced candidates. Mr. Pappas's Democratic opponent in the November election
will be Lambertville Mayor David DelVecchio. The winner will succeed Dick Zimmer, now a candidate for U. S. Senate.
The Cepahlus Society recently held a
Walkathon to raise funds for the Byzantine and Modem Greek Studies Program
at Queens College, a division of the City
Drew C. Bililies, of Bedford, MA, has
completed 25 years service as director and
teacher in the Church schools of the Annunciation Cathedral (Boston), Taxiarchae
(Watertown), and St. Nicholas (Lexington). He is president of Alternative Leisure Co ., Inc., Trips Unlimited, and Kid's
Mobile. Mr. Bililies provides recreation
and international excursions for people
with disabilities.
Plato Pappas, a top sales producer for J.
A. Sexauer, Inc., received the company's
annual sales award at a presentation held
aboard the Princess Lines S.S. Sun Princess while on a cruise in the Caribbean.
Mr. Plato and his wife, Helen, have now
retired to their home in Ocean Pines, MD.
DOUKISSA
ety~tal fPalaGE,
(Dy,.tt,t !Bay)
6,y!tal SPalaat,
Ea~t
48
GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW
George Zaharoolis, of Lowell, MA, was
recently elected supreme president of the
Pan-Laconia Federation of the United
States and Canada at the 49th Annual
Convention held in Clearwater, FL. Mr.
Zaharoolis is director of accounts payable
and receiving at the University of Massachusetts at Lowell, and is a member of the
Holy Trinity Church.
Harvard College Scholar, a science and
health reporter for The Harvard Crimson
and a member of the 1996 Class Committee. Ms. Triant was a teaching fellow in
organic chemistry at Harvard summer
school, and recently joined Brigham and
Women's Hospital in health care policy.
Effie Chiopelas has graduated New York
University Medical School and will begin
her three year residency at NYU Medical
Center after a month-long vacation in
Greece. Ms. Chiopelas plans to specialize
in internal medicine.
Angelos J . Dassios, of Chicago, IL, graduated summa cum laude from Dartmouth
College in Hanover, NH. A mathematics
major, he was elected Phi Beta Kappa, and
Jessica H. Lagios, a junior at Holy Cross
College in Worcester, MA, was a summer
intern with ABC News in New York City.
A political science major, Ms. Lagios assisted the network in preparing for live
coverage of the Republican and Democratic Conventions, held in August. During
the New Hampshire Presidential Primary
last February, Ms. Lagios was hired by
ABC as a news/desk assistant to Peter Jennings and the World News Tonight staff.
Academic Honors
Stephanie M. Stern graduated magna
cum laude from Brown University in Providence, RI. A psychology major, she was
inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi honor societies. The daughter of
Demetria Olga and Burton I. Stem, Ms.
Stem will be attending Yale Law School
in the fall.
Virginia Athena Triant was awarded
a BA degree with honors from Harvard
College. A chemistry major, she was a
SEPTEMBER, 1996
was awarded the Philip R. Jackson Engineering Prize. Mr. Dassios will be associated with Goldman Sachs in NY.
Stephen Cacciola, son of Mr. & Mrs.
Emmanuel Cacciola of Colchester, VT,
was awarded a BA degree with honors
from Princeton University. He was elected Phi Beta Kappa, and was recognized
as having an outstanding senior thesis by
the Princeton economics department. Mr.
Cacciola is a recipient of a Yale University graduate fellowship in economics and
will begin working towards a Ph.D. at the
university in the fall .
Konstantinos Raggousis, of Bensalem,
PA, was awarded the 1996 Lambros G.
Johnson Memorial Scholarship. Mr. Rag-
Keep an eye out!
.m§*n
.
and let us know if vou've come across
any anti-Hellenic media coverage lately.
Better yet, forward what you've found to AHMP
immediately and volunteer to become a Monitor of your
local newspapers and other media sources for this national
grass-roots organization, formed to address the
increaSingly anti-Hellenic posture taken by our press and
media. Individuals capable of a sophisticated level of
written advocacy are particularly encouraged to apply for
positions as Writers by forwarding a writing sample to:
~
AMERICAN HELLENIC
PO Box 1150, NY, NY 10028-0008
.. MEDIA PROJECT
[email protected] (212)249-3863
49
gousis is a sophomore at Drexel and is majoring in computer science. The Lambros
G. Johnson Memorial Scholarship Fund
was established in 1994 by the family of
Mr. Johnson, who received degrees in
physics from Drexel in 1976 (MS) and
1981 (Ph.D .), and is administered by
Drexel University.
Medical Center in subspecialty training.
Dr. Leondires graduated from Colby College in Waterville, ME in 1986 with a BA
in both biochemistry and history. He then
participated in cardiovascular research at
Harvard University and went on to the
University of Vermont College of Medicine, where he received his doctorate of
medicine in 1991.
George Mihalos, of Bayside, NY, has received a Hellenic Times scholarship. Mr.
Mihalos is a graduate of Benjamin Cardozo High School and the William Spyropoulos Day School of S1. Nicholas
Church in Flushing, NY. He will attend
Hofstra University in the fall.
Gerasimos Karavitis, of Staten Island
Technical High School, and Sofia Kosmetatos of Herbert H. Lehman High
School have been awarded Connie Lekas
Scholarships for 1996 by the Hellenic
American Educators Association.
Dr. Mark P. Leondires has completed his
residency in obstetrics and gynecology as
chief resident and resident of the year at
Maine Medical Center in Portland, ME.
He is currently a clinical fellow of reproductive endocrinology at Magee-Women's
Hospital at the University of Pittsburgh
Dina Cassandra Kaszuba was presented
with the 1996 Harry Agganis Scholarship
Award at the 77th Annual Logganiko Society Festival held in Ipswich, MA. The
daughter of Andrew and Elaine Galanis
Kaszuba, she graduated with honors from
Ipswich High School, has been president
of GOY A, and is active in church, community, and Logganiko Society functions.
Ms. Kaszuba will attend the Hobart and
William Smith College in Geneva, NY,
pursuing a preveterinary program .
.J
Parisse Joanne Spelios graduated from
Babson College with honors during ceremonies held at the Wellesley campus. A
Dean's List student, she received a bachelor of science degree, with majors in management and communications. Ms. Spelios has been accepted into the management program at Star Market Company,
based in Cambridge, MA.
In Memoriam
Eleanor Vournas, of Lake Worth, FL died
recently at age 93. Born in Greece, she
and her late husband, Sam Voumas, were
founders of the S1. Catherine's Church in
West Palm Beach. Mrs. Vournas is survived by her daughter, Cathy Voumas and
grandson Gregory, both of Lake Worth; a
niece, Vivi and her husband Ray Moseley; and several nieces and nephews.
nOUAeln~
TO eanaTOplO
ell. JIlO-nthly.. (fleoiew.. in IJFeek &
~n(Jli.th
We reach the entire Greek-American & Greek-Canadian community
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aac;
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~lel
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GREEK-AMERICAN REVIEW