Office of ENL, World Languages and Bilingual Education
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Office of ENL, World Languages and Bilingual Education
| Issue 6 1 Issue 2 Office of ENL, World Languages and Bilingual Education Jacqueline LeRoy, Director Ly da R a g o n e se , I n st r u c t i o n al S p e c i al i s t J an e t S t au b, L an g u ag e A s se s s o r J ay e T u bo l i n o , L an g u a g e S u p po r t T e ac h e r D e bo r ah F l o t t m a n , S e c r e t ar y Central Office, Room 215 725 Harrison Street Syracuse, NY 13210 (315) 435-4927 www.syracusecityschools.com January 2016 ISSUE 6 Message from the Director Greetings and Happy New Year! As we move into the second half of the school year, it’s a great time to reflect on our successes and accomplishments. We have had several initiatives planned for implementation this year, and we are right on track! Here are a few highlights: The textbook series for English Language Development was selected by the Textbook Committee, after a 5 month process of piloting with training and support from our vendors. The committee ensured that all ELLs are engaged in instruction that is grade-appropriate, academically rigorous and aligned with the CCLSs with a strong ELD component for every grade level during Stand-Alone instruction. Next steps include presenting to the CCPD and the Board of Education for adoption. We are now in the process of working with vendors to outline the piloting plan for our World Languages teachers, and developing the timeline for the selection process. More details will be forthcoming. We are using the Ellevation data platform to ensure that all ENL teachers receive By Jacqueline LeRoy specific and individual ELL student information, have a tool for developing Individual Learning Plans and monitoring progress, a method to communicate to parents in their native languages, and a mode to document required parent meetings. The Bilingual teachers in the Dual Language programs have had training and support with the American Reading Company Spanish and English materials that now provides an alignment in the instruction Dual Language students receive in both languages. We have established and provided supports to parents, schools and students with increasing the availability of interpreters and translated school related information to ensure compliance, accommodate student needs, and promote home school communication. We continue to review, revise and enhance the registration process so that it will be consistent and accessible to ELL students and their families, and prospective dual language students and their families with established consistent protocols and policies for dual language program eligibility. Our teachers have supported and collaborated with colleagues on the new mandates implemented for the 2015-16 school year, and have been diligent in maintaining compliance. I applaud all of you for the hard work you do every day, and the importance you place on your students and the quality of instruction that they receive. I am looking forward to the second part of the school year, and the many successes we will be celebrating! Message from the Director Page 1 Department of Bilingual Education Page 3 Department of English as a New Language (ENL) Page 4 Department of World Languages Page 11 | Issue 6 2 Issue 2 Helpful Information Office Support/Contact Debbie Flottman x4927 [email protected] Interpreter requests-fax or email interpreter requests forms In emergencies, call the ENL office Lyda Ragonese x5043 [email protected] Curricular materials Ellevation Platform Monthly newsletter Professional Development Important documents you can find on the SCSD Office of ENL, World Languages, and Bilingual Education website: Bilingual Glossaries Framework for English Language Development Interpreter Request Form Language Acquisition Chart revised July 2015 Jaye Tubolino x4927 [email protected] Special Education/ELL inquiries Professional development ENL Units of Study and schedule support Instructional delivery models: Stand-Alone and Co-Teaching Janet Staub x4953 [email protected] Intake and student registration Data discrepancies Monthly Department Newsletter SCSD Curriculum Instructional Resource Guide for ELLs SCSD ENL Programming K-6 SCSD ENL Schools SCSD Recommended Units of Study K-8 SCSD Recommended Units of Study 9-12 SCSD Translated Forms Letters “THIS NOTICE IS IMPORTANT” translations NYSESLAT Administration Speaking April 12-May 13 Listening, Reading, Writing May2-May 13 | Issue 6 3 Issue 2 Department of Bilingual Education Delaware Primary and Seymour Academy Pilot American Reading Company 100 Book Challenge and Research Labs Nazareth College • • Dual language teachers at Seymour Academy and Delaware Primary have been implementing the 100 Book Challenge by American Reading Company (ARC). They are piloting the Independent Reading Level Assessment (IRLA) for the monolingual classes and the Evaluación del Nivel Independiente de Lectura (ENIL) for their students for the Spanish component in the dual language program. These assessments are a teacher’s toolkit to identify each student’s needs in English and Spanish. The American Reading Company materials provide grade-level instruction and individualized support with CCSS-specific strategies to get students to reach a level that is appropriate for his/her needs. Teachers can work in small groups or one-on-one conferences to assess, coach, and re-teach standards when needed. Research labs and a content-based curriculum, will be implanted in the near future. For more information about these instructional materials, you can visit the ARC website. Programs for Bilingual Extension SUNY Oneonta This program offers a 15 credit pathway that extends your New York State teacher certification to teach in bilingual settings at the same grade levels as your original certification. https://www2.naz.edu/academics/grad/bilingualeducation-teacher-certification • • • • The Bilingual Education Advanced Certificate Program PreK-12 Completely online and consists of five graduate level courses Tuition support is available to qualifying candidates through a grant from the New York State Office of Bilingual Education and World Languages. http://suny.oneonta.edu/academics/majorsprograms/graduate-programs/bilingual-educationadvanced-certificate-online-program Teachers of Tomorrow: Grant for Bilingual Extension The 2015-2016 Teachers of Tomorrow Science, Mathematics and Bilingual Education Tuition Reimbursement Program Grant is effective from July 1, 2015 through June 30, 2016. The purpose of the program is to provide funds to school districts to reimburse teachers for courses taken towards meeting requirements for a permanent or professional certification to teach Science, Mathematics or Bilingual Education in a low-performing school. This program provides an initial reimbursement award of $4,000 per year (or the actual annual tuition cost of the approved program, whichever is less) and is renewable for one (1) additional year. There is a one (1) year service agreement for each award given. These awards shall be given in addition to and are NOT part of the teacher's base salary. More information about this grant can be found on the SCSD website page. | Issue 6 4 Issue 2 Department of English as a New Language Ellevation Update By Lyda Ragonese, ENL/Bilingual Instructional Specialist The December ENL department training session introduced ENL teachers to the Ellevation Platform. It ensures that all ENL teachers will have access to student demographics and data that will help inform instruction in Stand-Alone and Integrated Co-teaching classes. Ellevation allows ENL teachers to store meeting notes between ELL families, the ENL teacher, and other school staff. This module, Meeting Center, can also be used to document professional conversations about student progress and student achievement with colleagues in data meetings and special education meetings. Before the winter break, teachers learned to batch students according to their ENL services in Ellevation. By the end of the month, ENL teachers will be expected to batch all Stand-Alone and Integrated Co-teaching services. The batching of students will provide teachers and administrators with a filtering system that will ensure that the district is adhering to the regulations in the State Education Department’s CR Part 154. On the Superintendent’s Conference Day, January 29th, the Ellevation team will return to train teachers on the implemention of the Ellevation Monitoring Module. This module will allow ENL teachers to monitor the progress of our former ELLs, known as FELLs, and increase collaboration with content area teachers when more language support is needed for specific students. ELLEVATION TIMELINE for 2015-2016 December 2 Introduction to Ellevation December 23 Batching of ENL services is complete January 28 ACTION REQUIRED Batching of all ENL Integrated Co-teaching services is complete January 29 IMPORTANT DATE Ellevation Monitoring Module training May 1 Monitoring of FELLs is complete June 1 Parent/Guardian meetings are complete What is the role of the ENL Teacher? In ENL Stand-Alone class… In ENL Integrated Co-teaching class … In the Stand-Alone class, an ENL teacher is expected to focus on English language development through a language-rich environment that is differentiated to meet the language acquisition needs of proficiency levels in the group. Language objectives are established and follow an English Language Development (ELD) scope and sequence taught through content-based lessons that prioritize the four language domains: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. In an ENL Integrated co-teaching class, the ENL teacher is focused on working with ENL students to develop language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) in the content area. Through collaborative conversations and collegial lesson planning, the ENL teacher prescribes appropriate language objectives that will help ENL students meet the content objectives in each content area classroom. Remember—we are ALL teachers of language, no matter the content area. | Issue 6 5 Issue 2 Five Things Teachers Can Do to Improve Learning for ELLs in the New Year By Kristina Robertson Strategies for the New Year 1. Increase ELL students' English language production and peer interaction. Specific and measurable goal: ELL students will verbally demonstrate their English speaking abilities in classroom work at least three times a week. There are two key items ELLs need in order to improve their English — time and practice. There is nothing teachers can do to rush English acquisition, but there are many ways to provide opportunities to practice English in the classroom. If activities are structured to support student-to-student or group interaction, ELLs are required to use English to explain concepts and contribute to the work. This gives teachers an opportunity to gauge what the student has learned, and it demonstrates student progress in English language development. Teachers can also informally assess for correct use of language structures and academic vocabulary. If ELLs are having difficulty with phrases or vocabulary, the teacher will be able to offer guidance or further instruction to support language development. See the Hotlinks section for links to ideas on interactive learning activities. 2. Explicitly teach English language vocabulary and structures. Specific and measurable resolution: I will identify, teach, and post key academic vocabulary and structures for one content lesson each day. In, "What Teachers Need to Know about Language" by Lily Wong Fillmore and Catherine Snow, the authors state that: Teachers play a critical role in supporting language development. Beyond teaching children to read and write in school, they need to help children learn and use aspects of language associated with the academic discourse of the various school subjects. They need to help them become more aware of how language functions in various modes of communication across the curriculum. They need to understand how language works well enough to select materials that will help expand their students' linguistic horizons and to plan instructional activities that give students opportunities to use the new forms and modes of expression to which they are being exposed. Teachers need to understand how to design the classroom language environment so as to optimize language and literacy learning and to avoid linguistic obstacles to content area learning (Wong Fillmore & Snow, p. 7). The need to understand English language structures and language acquisition theory is increasingly important as the number of ELLs increases in classrooms. However, very few teachers have had the formal training required to be prepared to identify and teach the English vocabulary and structures found in specific content areas. When I first started teaching ESL, my students knew way more about grammar than I did. I joked with them, "I don't know English; I just speak it." Content teachers can begin by reviewing a content area lesson and identifying not just the vocabulary that every student needs to know, but other vocabulary words and grammar structures that ELL students may not be familiar with. See the Hotlinks section for resources on how to provide explicit instruction on English vocabulary and structures. 3. Build on ELLs' Background Knowledge to Increase Comprehension Specific and measurable goal: I will elicit background knowledge from ELLs in one content area through a variety of activities, including questioning and graphic organizers. Learning something new is like stacking building blocks. The more you have, the higher you can go. It is not always apparent what building blocks ELLs come with due to language barriers, and sometimes ELL students don't | Issue 6 connect their previous experience with the lesson currently being taught. That is where the teacher's skill at drawing on background knowledge becomes so important. Teachers can work creatively to elicit background knowledge from students on content topics in order to increase comprehension of the material. This may be as simple as taking the time to do a "K/W/L" (Know, Want to Know, Learned) chart, or as individualized as asking questions about the topic: "Has anyone ever visited the jungle? A jungle is like a rainforest. What do you see in a jungle?" Students can share their knowledge and see how it is connected to new academic information. See the Hotlinks section for more resources on strategies to increase connections with student background knowledge. 4. Increase ELL Parent Involvement Specific and measurable goal: Teacher will contact one ELL parent each week to share information on his/her student or to inform the parent of a school event. No matter what language you or your students' parents speak, parental support is a big key to academic success. ELL families are often at a disadvantage when it comes to supporting their child because of language and cultural barriers. It can be easy to interpret ELL parent "no shows" as a lack of interest in education; however, very often ELL parents want their children to succeed as much as any other parent but are unable to participate to the same extent that other parents participate due to these barriers or their work schedules. Regular, open and friendly 6 communication from the teacher can make a big difference in ELL parent participation. It can feel daunting for an English speaking teacher to call a non-English speaking parent, but usually there is someone in the family who speaks enough English to interpret the message for the parent, or the parent speaks enough English to understand a simple message. It may also be possible to get help from a bilingual school staff member to assist in making a quick phone call. ELL parents will be very pleased and excited to hear positive news about their child and will feel more comfortable asking questions and visiting the school in the future. The more informed the parents are, the more likely it is that the student will get support at home and parents will have the information they need to help their child be successful. See the Hotlinks section for links to further resources with specific ideas for ELL family outreach. 5. Increase Writing Opportunities Specific and measurable goal: Students will engage in a weekly writing activity that will focus on developing a certain skill such as creative vocabulary use, the correct format of an essay or the peer editing process. The ability to write effectively and accurately to convey a message is a very important skill for a college student and in most careers. However, it often seems as if the curriculum is largely focused on developing reading and math skills. Of course, these are very important too, but students need to have many positive opportunities to develop writing skills in a variety of formats in order to strengthen their communication skills. For ELLs this is particularly important. Depending on their writing skill level in their first language and their English language abilities, writing may be frustrating. Students need to engage in a variety of writing to develop an understanding of different types of writing and to identify their strengths and weaknesses as a writer. I want to underscore the importance of interacting with writing in a positive way by examining creativity and word usage, in addition to the mechanics of writing. Many ELLs will focus negatively on problems with mechanics and miss the strengths they display in their writing. We write the way we think and speak, and by analyzing our writing we begin to analyze our thoughts and speech as well. When students discuss their writing they are able to see their thoughts and statements from someone else's perspective and they gain awareness of their own language development. In this age of technology where a lot of communication is done electronically, it is more important than ever that students develop the ability to state their thoughts clearly and accurately in writing — as well as to know the difference between texting a message to buddies and sending an email to the boss. See the Hotlinks section for links to instructional resources for writing. The complete article can be found here. | Issue 6 7 Issue 2 Challenges for ELLs in Content Area Learning By Judie Haynes Do you want to help classroom teachers in your school with their English language learners? Begin by understanding the challenges ELLs face in their content area learning. Here some of the challenges ELLs face in content areas. These come from participants in various workshops that I have conducted around the U.S. English Mathematics English language learners face many obstacles when reading literature in English. Most literature is culture bound. We expect students to have prior knowledge of literary genres such as fairy tales, myths, legends, and tall tales. If the teacher has not activated prior knowledge or built background information, knowing the vocabulary will not solve the problem. ELLs may be able to read the words but it doesn't mean they will understand the text. They are not aware of information that the author left unsaid; the information that "everyone knows." An abundance of idioms and language in English texts Density of unfamiliar vocabulary Use of homonyms and synonyms Grammar usage especially the "exceptions to the rules" Word order, sentence structure and syntax Difficult text structure with a topic sentence, supporting details and conclusion Unfamiliarity with the connotative and denotative meanings of words Ells may not have practice in expressing an opinion about text. Use of regional U.S. dialects Fear of participation and interaction with mainstream students Story themes and endings can be inexplicable Literary terms for story development are not understood Unfamiliarity with drawing conclusions, analyzing characters and predicting outcomes Imagery and symbolism in text are difficult. Mathematics is not just arithmetic. There are considerable challenges for English language learners in math. There are challenges for teachers of mathematics, too. We may find that our ELLs use a different process to arrive at answers. Many teachers do not validate other systems and prior mathematical knowledge. Problem solving is not just language but a thought process. Students from other cultures may be more concerned with getting the correct response than with the process. They may not be able to justify their answers. Formation of numbers varies from culture to culture Use of decimal point and comma vary from culture to culture Students have no experience with our measurement system, It is an abstract to them. Math is not spirally taught in many cultures. So students may not know a lot about geometry, for example. Many students have never seen or worked with manipulatives. They may not take a lesson using manipulatives seriously. Students learn math by rote memory. Math curricula in their countries may be primarily calculation. Word problems may not be introduced until much later. Estimating, rounding, and geometry are not often taught as early in other cultures. Mathematical terms do not always translate well. Mental math may be the norm. Students may not show work in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division or they may show work in a different way. • Science Social Studies ELLs may lack of background • knowledge in science. Our "handson" approach is different from what they are used to. Drawing conclusions on their own may be difficult for ELLs. In their own culture students may not have been trained to make guesses. Social studies and U.S. history provide the biggest challenge to ELLs in their content classes. They have very limited background knowledge to activate. ELLs lack prior knowledge of U.S. and U.S. history, geography, and current events needed. Many students will memorize information for a test, but it has no relevance for them so the information is quickly forgotten. • The vocabulary of science presents a huge difficulty. There are a special set of terms for the student to learn. Even simple words that the student may know, could have another meaning in science. Material is covered very fast Directions are often multistep and difficult. There are too many concepts explained on each page of a science text. Cooperative learning may not fit in with students experiences in learning. Visuals may be confusing and difficult to understand. Sentence structure is complex and the passive voice is used in textbooks. What was taught in class does not always match the assessment. ELLs are not used to science labs or equipment Students lack background in scientific method There is no standard form of delivery of information Use of higher thinking skills for reading and writing. Lack of familiarity with historical terms, government processes, and vocabulary. Social Studies text contains complex sentences, passive voice, and extensive use of pronouns. ELLs may not be used to expressing their personal opinions. Nationalistic and cultural focus of maps. Concepts which do no exist in all cultures are difficult. This includes privacy, democratic processes, rights of citizens, free will. No concept of movement within the structure of a society. ELLs are seldom asked to contribute an alternate view that reflects conditions in other countries. Use in our schools of "timeline" teaching vs. learning history by "dynasty" or "period." Difficulty with understanding what is said by the teacher and being able to take notes. Amount of text covered and the ELLs' inability to tell what is important in the text and what is not important. | Issue 6 8 Issue 2 Selecting an ELD Textbook Series---Teacher Input is a Priority By Lyda Ragonese, ENL/Bilingual Instructional Specialist On January 6th, ENL teachers had the opportunity to receive an overview of each series by representatives from each of the three publishing companies. In addition, a Q and A session was led by piloting teachers after the presentations to allow non-piloting teachers to ask specific questions pertaining to their grade-level and concerns. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Rigby On Our Way to English The Textbook Adoption Committee met for the final time on Monday, January 11th to recommend a textbook series for the ENL department. The final recommendation was guided by the results from the department created SCSD ENL Instrument Materials Evaluation Tool (IMET). I want to personally thank each Textbook Committee member for his/her active participation to this process. Members guided the committee discussions and created a forum for all ENL teachers to provide feedback in the selection process. The committee’s recommendation will be brought to the Board of Education in February. National Geographic/Cengage Reach, Inside, Edge ENL Textbook Adoption Process Winter 2015-2016 January 6 ENL Department Final Review; all ENL teachers have input Fall 2015 PD/PLC for all teachers Summer 2015 January 11 Textbook recommendation by the Textbook Adoption Committee Textbook Adoption Committee established July ENL Summer Institute provides overview of piloting textbook series September Implementation of pilot Pearson Keystone Longman | Issue 6 9 Issue 2 News from SCSD ENL Central Registration Center By Janet Staub, Language Assessor Eritrea: A Country of Strength, Sadness and Beauty SCSD has enrolled a number of families from Eritrea over the last year. The primary languages we see from Eritrea are Tigrinya, Saho, and Arabic. While the numbers in our district are not large, we do see more students from Eritrea coming to us during the rest of this year and beyond. Capital: Asmara Population 5.6 million Area 117,400 sq km (45,300 sq miles) Major languages Tigrinya, Tigre, Arabic, English Major religions Islam, Christianity Currency Nakfa Eritrea is a country on the Red Sea in the Horn of Africa. It borders Ethiopia, Sudan and Djibouti. It is close to Egypt, Israel, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Somalia. Its population of around 4,000,000 is part Christian and part Muslim. It has temperate highlands and broiling deserts. It is here through which prehistoric man migrated from Africa to Europe. Today Eritrea is drought-prone and is one of the poorest countries in the world. Eritrea is also considered to have one of the world’s most repressive governments. The country is tightly sealed and largely impenetrable by outsiders: independent journalism, foreign NGOs, freedom of speech, and oppositionist parties are banned, while brutal military conscription, political imprisonment, torture and death from abuse are widespread. As a consequence, hundreds of thousands of refugees have fled the country in recent years. Yet Eritrea is home to a rich cultural heritage, with spectacular scenery and historically peaceable and tolerant traditions. And its emigrés have typically acculturated well in developed countries such as the United States and Western Europe, bringing their moderate temperament, their industrious outlook, and their aptitude for Western-style education with them as they embark on making new homes. Indeed many had enjoyed advanced educations and substantial careers before fleeing their native land, and those capabilities have accompanied them here. Source: http://eritreanrefugees.org/eritrea-and-itsstruggles/ Refugee camps on the outskirts of Eritrea http://geographical.co.uk/people/the-refugee-crisis/item/1127-fleeing-eritrea | Issue 6 10 Registration Process at the Central Registration Center (CRC) Each family registering their children in the SCSD begins by completing an online application from the SCSD website. The application includes: personal information, contact information, prior schools attended, as well as questions about the languages spoken in the home. This is the first step to identify potential ELLs. All families need to provide registration documents by uploading them on to the SCSD registration website or bringing the documents to CRC. Additional documents: 2 proofs of address Birth certificate or I-94 Prior school records Proof of necessary medical information All families come to CRC to complete the following forms: Health History Authorization for Disclosure of Health Information Home Language Questionnaire (HLQ) A Registration folder is created to hold hard copies of all documents. Language Assessors schedule an appointment with the family to complete the next phase at CRC. The ENL folder is created for potential ELLs, holding the first ENL documents: ENL/Bilingual Student Information Sheet (Cherry Card) and the HLQ. ENL folders should contain the following documents: 1. SCSD ENL/Bilingual Department Student Record 2. Student Intake Information 3. Entitlement Letter to Parents or Nonentitlement Letter to Parents 4. Home Language Questionnaire ()HLQ) A Language Assessor and interpreter, when possible, confirm the HLQ and complete the Student Intake Information form with the family to verify testing eligibility. The form is added to the ENL folder. A Language Assessor administers the New York State Identification Test for English Language Learners (NYSITELL) to each eligible student. Test results are shared with the family and they are given an ENL ‘Entitlement’ or ENL ‘Non-entitlement’ letter. The Director of CRC places students in an appropriate school. The schools and families are notified of the student’s school placement. The information in the Registration folder and the ENL folder are scanned and mailed to each school to become part of the Student’s cum folder. Coming soon- Purple folders that are designated for ELL student forms only | Issue 6 11 Department of World Languages New York State Association of Foreign Language Teachers, Inc. (NYSAFLT) will offer a series of webinars throughout the 2015-2016 school year that will address multiple facets of foreign language education. You are encouraged to register at your earliest convenience for any of the webinars at http://www.nysaflt.org/webinars/. March 2 -- 4:00 p.m. EST (1 hour) Art & Creativity: Strong Tools to Teach a Language Creativity is always recommended in any field but when we talk about learning a language it turns into a super strong tool that every teacher should consider using. As an illustrator, teacher, and creator of the program 'Learn Spanish Love Español' used in the Instituto Cervantes New York & Chicago, I will show you the way I use it when teaching Spanish, and I can also suggest tips to make your classes more interesting both for your students and for yourself. You don´t have to be an artist to be a creative teacher. It´s surprising how fast students learn when they are inspired! March 17 -- 4:00 p.m. EST (1 hour) April 14 -- 7:00 p.m. EST (1 hour) Top Ten Games And Activities to Liven Up Your Creating the Can-Do Classroom Language Class Skillful use of the NCSSFL/ACTFL Can-Do Statements can help teachers build student proficiency in an engaging, effective and efficient manner by being able to focus instruction on the essential elements of communicative modes of each level of the ACTFL Proficiency Guidelines. In this presentation, participants will identify essential characteristics of the "Can-Do Classroom;" examine instructional decision making for each proficiency level concerning text-type and language functions; and analyze research-based best practices for facilitating proficiency development. Do you find yourself in a rut doing the same activities over and over again? Do you wish your students were excited to learn a foreign language? Spice up your language class with activities and games that will get your students moving, talking and having fun. We will share our top ten activities that will be mostly kinesthetic and will include games and technology, such as sites, speaking assessments and more. Join us and bring the enthusiasm, energy and eagerness to learn back into your class! Can a student take a foreign language class outside of the district and receive credit for independent study towards a Regents diploma or Regents diploma with Advanced Designation? No. Credit for independent study may be awarded for elective courses only, and shall not be awarded for courses required for the Regents diploma. The district/school deciding whether or not to accept a language class for elective credit should take into account the number of weekly hours of instruction, the rigor of the program, and alignment to NYS checkpoint A and B standards. If a 9th grade student skips a first year of LOTE because s/he speaks a language other than English at home, how many more units of LOTE must the student take to receive the Regents with Advanced Designation? Regardless of where a student is placed in his/her first year of LOTE instruction, in order to receive the Regents with Advanced Designation, the student would still need to successfully complete a total of three units of study and pass a locally developed Checkpoint B exam. If a student earns 3-5 LOTE credits for education and residence in another than English–speaking environment, does s/he have to take a locally developed LOTE exam? No, not if the credit is towards a Regents Diploma. Yes, if the credit is towards Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation. FAQ Source http://www.p12.nysed.gov/biling/docs/November-December2015newsletter.pdf | Issue 6 12 Issue 2 The 10 Most Common Languages by Accredited Language What are the world’s most common languages? Estimating these most common language populations can be tricky, and there is a range of data available. Quiz yourself: See how many of these most common languages you can name before looking at the list. Keep in mind that this list is composed of native speakers — so people who learned Mandarin in college, for example, are not included in the total number of Mandarin speakers. You might find some languages that surprise you! 1. Mandarin With more than 955 million speakers, Mandarin claims the top spot as the world’s most common language — and one that often requires professional translation services. One of the five major dialects of Chinese, Mandarin is the official language of China and Taiwan, as well as one of the four official dialects of Singapore. Approximately 14.4 percent of the world’s population are native speakers of Mandarin. 2. Spanish Its prominence in the Americas as well as in Europe makes Spanish one of the most common languages, with 405 million speakers. The Castilian dialect in Spain is held as a national standard, although Andalusian and Catalan are also spoken. 3. English English used to be the second-most common language, but Spanish- speakers have increased much more rapidly over the past 15 years. Still, scholars have named English the world’s “most influential language,” due to the number of speakers (360 million) and the number of countries in which it is spoken. 4. Hindi/Urdu Although they have different written forms, Hindi and Urdu share a history, many common words, and a grammar. Many linguists consider them different “registers” of the same common language. Over 310 million people speak one of the two. 5. Arabic Arabic, spoken by 295 million speakers worldwide, is also the language of Muslim holy writings. It has also influenced other most common languages — Spanish has approximately 4,000 words with Arabic roots. 6. Portuguese Out of the 215 million Portuguese speakers worldwide, nearly 150 million of them speak Brazilian Portuguese, the most common language variant. Portuguese is also the official language of other countries including Angola, Mozambique, and — clearly — Portugal, among others. 7. Bengali With 205 million speakers, Bengali is also the second most widely spoken language in India, popular in the easternmost states. Bengali is an official language of both India and Bangladesh. 8. Russian Russian’s 155 million speakers make it the world’s eighth most common language. It is also one of the six official languages of the United Nations, along with Arabic, Chinese (Mandarin), English, French and Spanish. 9. Japanese Out of the approximately 125 million people who speak Japanese, 124 million live in Japan and the island group of Okinawa. This makes it unusual among the most common languages in its geographic concentration. 10. Punjabi Fifteen years ago, German held the tenth spot, though Punjabi has recently surpassed it. With 102 million speakers, Punjabi is mainly spoken in India and Pakistan, and is a native language of 1.44 percent of the world’s population. How do we know who speaks what? Fluctuations in different estimates can be attributed to population growth, as well as how linguists choose to group dialects and microlanguages into larger groups. The most common languages can also vary depending on whether studies include only primary languages, or all languages spoken in a population. These numbers were taken from the 2010 edition of Nationalencyklopedin, a Swedish language encyclopedia. The top 100 languages can be found here. | Issue 6 13 Staff Highlight: Dadhi Dahal was a science teacher in V. S Niketan Higher Secondary School, Kathmandu, Nepal from 2004-2008. When it became clear that a return to Bhutan was impossible, he began the resettlement process. He would remain a refugee until arriving in the United States on March 26, 2009. Dadhi Dahal was born as the eldest son to Dhana Pati Dahal and Nar Maya Dahal on July 30, 1975 in Babethang, Dagana, Bhutan. On December 22, 1991, at the age 16, he entered a refugee camp in Nepal from Bhutan. He became a refugee when the monarch of Bhutan began an ethnic cleansing campaign against Nepali speaking Bhutanese called “Lotshampa”. Mr. Dahal received his Bachelor of Science degree in Chemistry from Tribhuwan University, Nepal and Bachelor Degree in Education from Purbaanchal University, Kathmandu, Nepal. He taught math and science in different high schools of Nepal and After arriving in Syracuse, Mr. Dahal was employed with Duke Plumbing, B & B Lumber Company and Iroquois Nursing Home as a certified nursing assistant. He joined the Syracuse City School District as an interpreter for the Refugee Assistance Program in September 2010 which led to the Nationality Worker position for the ENL Office in September 2011. He is also a parttime Information Aide at LeMoyne Elemenatry. He believes that hard work and responsibility make you successful and that nothing is impossible if you have those traits. His favorite thing about living in America is the citizenship and freedom that he never had in Bhutan or as a refugee in Nepal. He enjoys the diversity of America and the multitude of opportunities available to him and his family. One way he gives back is through volunteering with the Bhutanese Community Organization in Syracuse (BCS). He works with other volunteers teaching children the Nepali language, culture and religion. Through this work he seeks to ensure bilingualism in the children while also creating a stronger community. Mr. Dahal is married with two children, a daughter, Anupa and a son, Anurag. His parents and brother reside in Syracuse and he has two sisters also in the US. He loves traditional foods including daal (lentil soup), bhaat (boiled rice), tarkari (curried vegetables) and achar (pickled vegetables) but is also fond of American foods like pizza and sandwiches. | Issue 6 14 Issue 2 Board of Education Derrick Dorsey, President Patricia Body David Cecile Mark D. Muhammad Rita Paniagua Dan Romeo Katie Sojewicz ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF: Sharon L. Contreras, Ph.D., Superintendent Jaime Alicea, Chief Operations Officer Brandan Keaveny, Ed.D., Chief Accountability Office Christopher Miller, Ed.D., Chief Talent Officer Linda Mulvey, Chief Academic Officer Suzanne Slack, Chief Financial Officer Monique Wright-Williams, Chief of Staff NOTICE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION The Syracuse City School District hereby advises students, parents, employees and the general public that it is committed to providing equal access to all categories of employment, programs and educational opportunities, including career and technical education opportunities, regardless of actual or perceived race, color, national origin, Native American ancestry/ethnicity, creed or religion, marital status, sex, sexual orientation, age, gender identity or expression, disability or any other legally protected category under federal, state or local law. Inquiries regarding the District’s non-discrimination policies should be directed to: Executive Director of Student Support Services, Civil Rights Compliance Officer Syracuse City School District 725 Harrison Street • Syracuse, NY 13210 (315) 435-4131 Email: [email protected] Visit our website for more information.