Discussion on Application of PDCA Theory in Mine Safety LIU Yejiao

Physical and Numerical Simulation of Geotechnical Engineering
21st Issue, Dec. 2015
Discussion on Application of PDCA Theory in Mine Safety
Standardization Management System
LIU Yejiao 1, 2, TIAN Zhichao 1, REN Yuhui 1, HUANG Dongmei 2
1. The School of Mining Engineering, IMUST, Baotou Inner Mongolia, 014010, China
2. Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Ministry of Education, SUST, Qingdao 266590, Shandong, China
ABSTRACT: The article introduces the concept of mine safety standardization, puts forward the
ideas and theories that safety standardization management system in mine should follow, analyzes the
safety standardization factors and their PDCA mechanism in mine and determines the establishment
steps of mine safety standardization management system from the following aspects: leadership
planning, staff training, resource allocation, objectives, targets and the construction of laws and
regulations, hazard identification and risk assessment, system operation, security screening,
assessment and system perfection, etc.
KEYWORDS: Mine, Safety standardization, PDCA, Modern safety management
1 INTRODUCTION
With the development of mine industry, mining has
become the main mode of developing and utilizing the
mineral resources in China. However, mine accidents take
place frequently because of the poor safety conditions,
outdated exploitation technology, frequent geographical
disasters, incomplete equipment and safety management,
and so on, which threaten people’s health and lives and
cause huge economic loss to the country. The national
situation of safety production is grim. Therefore,
establishing safety standardization management system in
mine is imperative. Thorough mine safety standardization
management system can guarantee safety management
level of mine industry, improve the performance of safety
production, and promote the implementation of intrinsical
mine safety [1-4].
2 THE CONCEPT
STANDARDIZATION
OF
MINE
SAFETY
Mine safety standardization aims to establish and
improve production responsibility and management system
on the basis of systematic accident risk analysis of
production and operation activities for mine enterprises,
and guarantee its effective implement to form prevention
mechanism of mine accident risks. It will effectively
control the accident risks, conform mine production and
operation activities to laws and regulations of safety
production, and continuously promote safety production
performance. Therefore, mine safety standardization=
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accident risks analysis + system improvement + safety
production process control + performance promote.
The connotation of mine safety standardization is that it
can eliminate and resolve hidden problems, monitor major
hazards, establish prevention mechanism, regulate
production, confirm production to laws and regulations of
safety production through the establishment and
improvement of production responsibility, safety
management system and operation instruction in the
process of production and management. It will also make
people, mechanisms and matter in good condition, and
continuously promote standardization construction of
enterprises.
3
MINE
SAFETY
STANDARDIZATION
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
AND
PDCA
OPERATION MECHANISM
According to the contents of “Standard”, mine safety
standardization system includes 14 primary elements and
53 secondary elements. The 14 elements are dynamically
integrated and closely related, which form a large PDCA
cyclical pattern (large closed-loop); every secondary
element stipulates several problems in detail, which is
related to improving safety performance of enterprises,
ensuring safety production conditions, reducing the risks of
personnel and property losses. At the same time, every
secondary element forms a small PDCA cyclical pattern
(small closed-loop) through scheme, operation, coincidence
and performance. The PDCA operation mechanism of mine
safety standardization management system is shown in
Figure 1.
Discussion on Application of PDCA Theory in Mine Safety Standardization Management System
DOI: 10.5503/J.PNSGE.2015.21.014
Figure 1 PDCA running model of safety standardization management system in mine
4.1 Planning of Leaders
4 THE CREATION STEP OF MINE SAFETY
STANDARDIZATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Safety standardization construction committee should be
established, the person responsible for the implement of
safety standardization should be appointed, organizations
and working groups of standardization and management
should be arranged, and specific safety standardization
management regulations should be set on the basis of the
current situations and needs of safety standardization
management for mine industries.
The establishment of safety standardization management
system should highlight the policy, which sets safety as
first priority, integrated with precaution and comprehensive
treatment and people-oriented purposes. It should focus on
the scientificity, standardability and systematicness, base
itself on hazard identification, risk evaluation and risk
management, fully embody the internal connection
between safety and effectiveness, safety and health, safety
and environment, and integrate with the other aspects of
mine basic management. The specific creation steps are as
follows [7-11].
4.2 Personnel Training
Safety education training of mine worker is important for
mine safety management. The safety education training
follows the PDCA circulating theory, as shown in Figure 2;
the specific working process is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 2 PDCA dynamic circle of safety education and training
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Physical and Numerical Simulation of Geotechnical Engineering
21st Issue, Dec. 2015
Figure 3 Work flow diagram of safety education and training based on PDCA dynamic circle
regulations, safety production administrative regulations,
such as Mineral Resources Law, Safety Production Law,
Mine Safety Law, Regulation on Work Safety Licenses,
Administration of Production Safety Inspection Institutions
Provisions, Regulation on Work-Related Injury Insurances,
and so on; ③ Safety regulations: regulations for technical
operations, regulations for mining operation, regulations
for mineral processing, etc; ④ Safety rules: rules of safety
production management made and modified by production
(safety and environment)department; ⑤ Safety related
knowledge: safety management culture and safety
education of the companies.
(3) Writing and management of files: the procedures
including writing and training of files, collection and
management of existing files, tables and materials,
separately writing files, files discussion and coordination,
revise and perfect, review and approval, and publish and
implement, etc.
4.3 Resource Allocation
Mobilized resources, such as people, objects and
materials in the process of safety standardization system
construction should be determined to coordinate and
cooperate with the standardization system construction.
4.4 Construction of Policy, Objectives, Laws and
Regulations
(1) Formulating policies and objectives of mine safety:
safety policy can be “people-oriented, safety primary,
prevention and treatment integrated and all-round
developed”; safety objectives can be that there is no annual
industrial injury, rate of thousands wounded people is less
than 2‰, the qualified yield of dust is more than 70%,
registration rate of special equipment is 100%, and
registration rate of special workers and special type of
work is 100%, etc.
(2) Classification and management of documents: There
are various types of documents, including 5 types from the
level of country, autonomous regions, to supervision
departments, group and companies, and mines. ① Red tape:
the enforced executable files at all levels of the
requirements of mine management. The levels are that of
nation, of autonomous regions, of group, and of companies;
② Laws and regulations: safety production laws and
4.5 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
Safety standardization management system requires that
mine enterprises establish hazard identification and risk
evaluation system, identify and evaluate risk and its
influences, especially major hazard and the influences.
The process of hazard identification and risk evaluation
is shown in Figure 4.
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Discussion on Application of PDCA Theory in Mine Safety Standardization Management System
DOI: 10.5503/J.PNSGE.2015.21.014
Figure 4 Work flow diagram of hazard identification and risk evaluation
management of equipment assets. They should also
formulate and modify safety management system.
(2) Labor protection supplies management: application
and approve system should be applied, which is shown in
Figure 5.
4.6 Operation of System
(1) The mine companies should be familiar with the
production process, establish equipment and technique
archives to record the basic information of equipment, such
as the model, and name, generate accounts and normalize
Figure 5 Application and approval work flow diagram of labor insurance supplies
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Physical and Numerical Simulation of Geotechnical Engineering
21st Issue, Dec. 2015
Figure 6 Application and acceptance work flow diagram of technological transformation projects
Risks Renovation Notice”, related departments will make
rectifications, and present the check application after
rectifications. Then the personnel responsible for it,
together with rectification department, will conduct
acceptance evaluation; they will make the “Violation
Records of Hidden Dangers” for the hidden dangers to deal
with the illegal cases, which will be preserved forever.
(3) Occupational health management: companies should
establish occupational health and safety files for the
employees, which divide occupation diseases into 10 levels;
they should make medical registrations for the suspected or
diagnosed occupational disease patients, and in charge of
the free treatment.
(4) Technical renovation project and safety measures:
① Technical renovation project: application of safety
production technical renovation project should be made,
which is approved by the principal of the companies
applying for project, the leader of companies applying for
project, and the committee of safety production
management. The specific process of application and
inspection is shown in Figure 6. ② Safety measures:
security technology labor protection plan is the technical
and organizational measures taken by mine enterprises to
eliminate the unsafe factors, harm and occupational hazard
in productive processes, and to improve working conditions
and guarantee safety production.
(5) Emergency management: Companies should
establish an emergency rescue command center to manage
the emergency resources, determine emergency rescue plan,
and escape route, and so on.
4.8 Perfection of Evaluation
Safety standardization management system can be
implemented for performance measurement, check, and
management review. It also inspects and confirms whether
the factors of safety standardization management system
can operate according to the plan and standards, and
whether they make a comprehensive inspection and
evaluation, and take correction and prevention measures of
the accidents to improve the standardization system
according to the expected objectives.
(1) Investigation and analysis of accidents and incidents
reports: companies should establish accident and incident
accounts for record, analysis and account. In this paper,
accidents are the events that cause casualties, and incidents
are the events that do not cause casualties.
(2) Performance measures: companies should make
statistics of inner-enterprise accidents in recent three years
and occurrence of occupational disease since building of
the mine. The statistics can reflect yearly safety
management effects of mine enterprises.
① Triennial accident statistics: Triennial safety
management performance is adjusted according to the
accidents in each month in the past three years of different
types. The statistics includes that of every type of accidents,
and number of the dead, the serious injured, and the slight
injured, that of the total economic loss of accidents and
4.7 Safety Check
Companies should make safety check cards for workers
of different types and different workplaces to record the
check results of every shift working in every day; they
should record the hidden dangers and defects, and make
“Statistical Analysis Table of Hidden Perils in Safety
Production Accident Management” of the hidden dangers
in the self-inspection or security inspection department’s
sampling; after security inspection department’s
conforming the hidden dangers, and issuing the “Hidden
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Discussion on Application of PDCA Theory in Mine Safety Standardization Management System
DOI: 10.5503/J.PNSGE.2015.21.014
incidents, and that of the injury rate and death rate of
million work hours.
② Occupational disease statistics: Statistics are about
situations of diseases and numbers of patients according to
types of occupational diseases.
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5 CONCLUSION
Safety standardization system construction is an
important part in modern mine safety management, and a
significant way of realizing intrinsic and long – effect
mechanism of safety work. It is the foundation of safety
production management. Safety standardization system
construction and implement can efficiently urge mine
industries to eradiate and resolve hidden problems, improve
safety management level and regulate operation of mine
workers to guarantee their health and safety, reduce the
rates of mine safety accidents and decrease property loss.
FUND PROGRAM
Innovation Fund Projects of Inner Mongolia University
of Science and Technology (2009NC049, 2010NC050 and
2011NCL033).
AUTHOR
LIU Yejiao, (1982.06- ), female, Lin Yi Shandong,
lecturer, master, teacher of Inner Mongolia University,
main research: mine safety information, safety
management and safety assessment.
Tel: 15848798778
E-mail: [email protected]
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