Pre-feasibility Study on APIS for ASEAN Yeong Ro, LEE

Pre-feasibility Study on APIS for ASEAN
Yeong Ro, LEE
[email protected]
Systems for Traffics and Quality Test
Between a source and a target node, speed and latency tests were performed
10 times using ‘Ookla’ Test System. For gathering hop counts and routing
distances ‘NetinfoTrace’, an open source software, was used
Source Nodes on TEIN
Target Nodes on Ookla
Phnom Penh, Cambodia,
( MekongNet )
Vientiane, Lao PDR,
( Lao Telecom )
Jakarta, Indonesia
(Telekomunikasi Indo, Biznet, CBN,
Qiandra Information )
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
( U-Mobile, Maxis )
Indonesia
(AS18007)
Malaysia
(AS24514)
Philippines
(AS9821)
International
Commercial
Network)
Yangon Myanmar,
( Redlink Communications )
Manila, Philippines,
( SKY Broadband, Dunham Bush International
Bangkok,Thailand
(Shama Thunder, Internet Thailand PCL,
PEA, CS LOX INFO)
Hanoi, Vietnam
(Viettel)
Thailand
(AS24475)
Singapore
(Singtel, Viewqwest Pte, SGIX)
Brunei
(DST Comm )
2
2015-09-11
Overview : ICT of ASEAN
3
2015-09-11
Common Words in ICT of ASEAN
Key Words in ICT
Common Key Words





Diversity of international connectivity
Seamless Infrastructure Networks and Backbone, Reliable Network
Well balanced Network
Fully integrated and coherent mesh configuration;
Uniform construction the use of Asian Highway, Trans-Asian railway and
power transmission
 Single uniform network that offers quality-of-service guarantees
 Missing Links, Cross Border Connectivity
 Judicious mix of land and sea based fiber optic cables







ASEAN Internet Exchange Network, ASEAN IXPs
diversity of international connectivity
IP Transit /Peering
Cost of Transport back to the primary exchange
Heavy Reliance on IXP in advanced countries
International Back haul cost
Emergency Communications and Resiliency







Making Broadband Affordable(Less Than 5% of Average monthly Income)
Connecting Homes to Broadband
Getting People online
Bridge the digital divide within ASEAN
Improve Affordability
Universal Service Achieve/Universal Access
Increase Penetration
 Regional Internet(IP)
Connectivity
 Open access and non-discriminatory pricing
 Network neutrality and scalability that allows participation by all
stakeholders




Single Telecom Market
ASEAN Single Telecommunications Market
Making Broadband Policy Universal(ITU)
Enabling Environment, Capacity building
 Geo-spatially Balanced
Connectivity
4
 Low Cost and
Broadband Affordability
 Open Access and Network
Neutrality, Policy
Universality
2015-09-11
Components of Broadband Service
Internet
Data
Center
E-Application
Contents
Delivery
Network
Public
Private
Internet & Traffic Exchange
Policy/
Regulati
on/
Governa
nce
ISP
DNS
etc
IXP
(Gateway)
Regional Broadband Backbone
TransRegion
Back
Bone
CrossBorder
Feeder/
Access
Premise
s/Home
Wired (Fiber, Copper)
Wireless (2G, 3G, 4G, Wifi, WiMax, Satellite)
5
Hierarchical Image of APIS
A
State
e-application
Service
Independent CP
IDC
B
Content Servers State
CDN
Neutral IXPs
Open/Neutral IXPs
(ITEC)
Policy and
Regulation Registry
Policy Portal
Terrestrial Fiber(Land Based)
Broadband
Backbone Network
(TBBC + Submarine)
Submarine Cable(Sea Based)
Focal Point

Filling the Missing Links
identified

Regional Terrestrial
Broadband Backbone

Seamless Cross Border
Connectivity
Internet Traffic
Exchange Connectivity
(ITEC)
Policy,
Regulation,
Agreement,
Governance
Terrestrial Broadband
Backbone Connectivity
(TBBC)
7

Open/Neutral Access to IXPs

Establishing More Regional
IXPs and Local IXPs

Local Traffic Exchanged Locally
Regional Traffic Exchanged
Regionally
Traffics and Quality Tests in ASEAN Region
8
2015-09-11
Key Findings – Down Load Speed
Big Gap in Down Load Speed was observed among
ASEAN countries ; Average Down Load Speed was less
than 25Mbps.
120
100
Mbps
80
Average
25Mbps
Line
60
40
20
0
TH
PH
MA
IN
a
25.8
24.8
b
14.6
23.7
c
50.1
7
d
40.4
24.7
e
13.9
4.5
f
18.5
0.15
g
24
6.5
h
15.5
12.5
i
10
2.7
j
34.3
6.9
33.7
2.2
24.4
4.6
0.4
1.4
32.2
2.1
19.6
1
2
1.7
0.3
1.5
3.9
1.5
16
2.3
29.8
4
Key Findings – Up Load Speed
180
160
Mbps
140
120
100
80
Average
25Mbps
Line
60
40
20
0
a
TH 31.5
PH 42.9
MA 39.8
IN
5.9
b
22
46.6
27.4
15.1
c
43.1
20.8
4.9
6.3
d
42.2
55.1
52.8
7
e
39.2
7.6
2.2
2.6
f
4.3
0.02
6.6
3
10
g
20.8
5.4
3.8
3.6
h
35.1
39.1
31.4
3.6
i
6.2
2.6
48.1
5.8
j
31
2.4
50.3
14.9
2015-09-11
Key Findings – Latency
Gap in Average Internet Latency or Number of Hops was
also observed ; more than 100msec in 3 countries, less than
50msec in 2 countries
600
500
msec
400
Average
100msec
Line
300
200
100
0
a
b
c
TH 101.8 226.3 15.9
PH 112.1 129.6 123.5
MA 53.6 158.4 120.1
IN 77.5
7.6
56.9
d
40.1
66.8
7.5
63.6
e
f
g
74.4 89.1
80
145.1 156.6 106.7
79.7 63.3 228.4
130
77.1
116
h
82.9
93.5
79.1
98.6
i
143.8
136.1
31
74.4
j
49.7
71.3
46.3
18.4
Key Findings – Routing Distance
Higher than 5 times more traffic travelling distance than actual
Straight Line Distance was observed in 7 of 10 countries
Sum of Tromboning Index
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
TH
PH
MA
IN
a
11.5
13.6
2.2
1.2
b
2.3
2.1
33.9
1.5
c
1.7
13.6
15.5
1
d
2
1.5
2.1
1
e
15.8
11.8
1.5
15.2
f
1.5
35
19
4.3
g
3.7
2
1.8
1.1
h
3.8
2.4
14
1
i
1.6
20.9
9.8
1.8
Average 5
j
Line
21
11.1
30.7
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Key Findings – Actual Traffic Flows
The actual traffic routes among ASEAN countries are unnecessarily long.
In some countries, between 2 domestic ISPs Internet Packets have to
travel out of the territories and get back to home countries
Routing Map
US
MM
TH
KH
MY
SG
ID
HK
VN
LA
PH
BN
[ID]
Indonesia
[MY]
Malaysia
[VN]
Vietnam
[KH]
Cambodia
[MM]
Myanmar
[LA]
Laos
[PH]
Philippines
[SG]
Singapore
[BN]
Brunei
Summary of Status in ASEAN Region
While Regional Efforts for ICT Infrastructure in ASEAN region have been
undergone, still, high link cost, high transit cost, traffic tromboning, relatively
low quality, high dependency on submarine cable, and low broadband
penetration all influence high price each other in a cycle, which means
improving one segment of the cycle will lead to betterment of the rest
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2015-09-11
Direction Forward
15
2015-09-11
Direction
Seamless Terrestrial Fiber Optic Connectivity and Regional Internet
Exchange Network should be considered as key parts of Investment
Highly Integrated
Transport Backbone &
Interconnectivity


- Terrestrial Fiber Network
- Coherent Mesh Network
Internet Traffic
Exchange Network
To-Be
As-Is
Action Items

- Center Node Establishment 
- Regional, Sub-regional IXPs, 
- Domestic IXPs
Terrestrial Fiber
interconnectivity but
Some weak or
insufficient capacity
observed
Dependent on global
transit providers
Poor direct peering
Some countries no
peering between
domestic ISPs
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At least one direct land based
fiber link to each neighboring
country
Regional Terrestrial Backbone
Network, hybrid mesh and ring
Center Node establishment for
low cost and reliable delivery of
traffics






Direct bilateral peering/transit
between neighboring states
Intra/Inter Regional Transit
Nodes
Domestic Traffic exchanged
domestically
2015-09-11
[ Action Item 1] Organization of AP-IS Coordination Committee
The focus has been on improving domestic infrastructure of each country, with
efforts for international interconnectivity being made in form of declaration.
However, international collaboration will be essential in the future in order to reduce
overall cost, to reduce dependency on the submarine cable, to improve network
sustainability, and to deploy broadband infra more reasonable costs.
Establishing SPVs, as pointed out by many experts, is one of the powerful options,
yet since it has high potentiality of making complexity with different viewpoints
between countries and providers, as well as other problems regarding funding,
operation and management, so, at this point, it would be more realistic to first
establishing an organization in form of a committee, and then gradually making
consensus and drilling it down to the better solution.
AP-IS Coordination Committee
AP-IS Regional Manager
Advisory Group
TBBC
Common Policy
& Regulation
ITEC
17
E-Application
[ Action Item 2] Highly Integrated Regional Transport Backbone
Hybrid Ring and Mesh type of Backbone can be considered.. To select regional
hub or center nodes for stability and efficiency, geographical location, domestic
infrastructure, traffic production amount and easiness of international
connectivity are the key factors in deploying Inter/Intra Regional Backbone
Transmission Network
(Hybrid ring and mesh)
Center Nodes Selection
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2015-09-11
Layer0~1 : Fiber optic Transport and Switching
Technology
Functions
Topology
Capacity
Transport Distance
LH-DWDM
Long-distance and high-capacity optic
al transmission
Point-to-Point
400~800G
200~2000km
OADM
Optical signal ADD/DROP
OXC
Optical signal switching
LH-ROADM
Optical signal switching and Add/Drop
400G
400km~600km
OTN Switch
Addition of optical switching function to
WDM
Ring
Mesh, Ring
Mesh, Ring
Layer2~3 : Accommodation and Multiplexing Circuit/ Packet Systems
Technology
Function
Interface
Switching
Capacity
Remark
DCS
PDH signal multiplexing
Nx64k, E1, DS3
MSPP
SDH signal multiplexing
Ethernet signal routing
E1, DS3, STM-n, F
E/GE, ATM
60~80G
Ethernet signals need to
be converted to TDM
PTN
Packet signal multiplexing
(MPLS-TP, PBB-TE)
E1, DS3, STM-n, F
E/GE/10GE, ATM
100G
No waste of bandwidth
( packet processing)
20
[Action Item 3] Internet Exchange Points
Establishing Neutral IXP centers that are connected by dual ring can be
considered… To do that, analysis of sub regional (South, East, West) traffic
volume, links availability to Global Transit Points should be required. As to the
operating model of IXP, mixed Euro and US operating model can be considered
IXP Operation Model
Intra-regional IXPs
Inter-Regional IXPs
21
2015-09-11
Why Neutral/Public IXPs ?
Most of the dominant ISPs still think : ‘for you to get more routes to the
Internet you have to buy transit from me’
The Idea of peering does not interest them , either due to the fact that
they do not know their benefits of connecting at an IXP or are afraid of
losing business.
Works for AIX of APIS
• International Agreement for Establishing AIXs as an Action Items of APIS
• Long Term Development Plan and Budget Planning with Loans
• IX and Internet Interconnectivity Design, Geo-Location
• Building the community
• Interconnection Principles including Peering/Transit Arrangement
• Training and Development (general, technical, best practice) plan
• Investment Planning and Actual deployment
• Policy framework advisory activities (related topics – ccTLD, cache server,)
• Engage with wider stakeholder
(ESCAP, ITU, APIX, APAN, TEIN, NOG, APNIC etc.)
• Tracing Route Tools, Routing Registry, TLD, Looking Glass
23
Summary
24
2015-09-11
Target Components for Investment
e-Application
CDN
(Contents
Delivery)
Data
Center
(Contents)
Public
Private
Internet (L3 )
Policy/
Regulati
on/
Govern
ance
IP
Network
IXP
(Gateway)
DNS
...
Telecom Transport Network (L0 ~ L2)
TransRegion
Back
Bone
CrossBorder
Feeder/
Access
Premises/
Home
Wired (Fiber, Copper)
Wireless (2G, 3G, 4G, Wifi, WiMax, Satellite..)
25
2015-09-11
Illustration of Internetworking of PoPs and IXPs
The Way Forward ..

Feasibility study and Infra Design for the Asia Pacific Region
- In-depth study for Establishing Asian Regional IXPs in 2016

Inter-Governmental Study (or Steering) Group and in-depth
survey on APIS
- Integrating and Reviewing the results of TACIM, SASEC, ABC, GMS
projects
- Big Pictures of APIS and Calculation of overall amount of investment

Inter-Governmental Agreement
- Mile stone and collaborative Action Items
- Preparing Draft of Inter-Governmental Agreement
27
2015-09-11
Thank You
Contact Information
Yeong Ro, LEE
[email protected]
28