Operationalization of Urban Nexus Approaches in City of Nashik, India Emani Kumar

Operationalization of Urban Nexus
Approaches in City of Nashik, India
Emani Kumar
Deputy Secretary General, ICLEI
Executive Director, ICLEI South Asia
Urban Nexus City: Nashik
 Situated on the Northwest of the state of
Maharashtra, India
 Located on the bank of Godavari River
 Administrative headquarter of Nashik
District and Division
 3rd largest and the 3rd the most
industrialised city in Maharashtra
 4th largest city: population of 1,486,973
(2011)
 One of the holiest cities of India, hosts
Simhashth Kumbh Mela, a mass Hindu
pilgrimage, once in 12 years .
 Famous for its grape production and is
known as the ‘Grape city’ or ‘Wine capital
of India’.
Nexus Approaches in Nashik
Objective: To identify and establish
mutually beneficial responses from the
inter-linkages between sectors (water,
energy, food)
Donor: GIZ
Duration: November, 2013 to July, 2014
Scope of Work: Identifying potential
thematic and strategic foci for the
respective pilot measure
Growth Trajectory & Resource Constraints
Non revenue water
(NRW) is very high and
needs urgent attention!!!
High paced
urbanization,
industrialization and
fast deforestation:
Less area for
cultivation
Population projected to cross 3
million in 2026 and 5 million
in 2014!!!
Groundwater level is decreasing at
the rate of 1-3 m in every five
years!!!
Groundwater pumping for
agricultural purposes is very energy
intensive!!
With the increasing
population there is
increased demand
for drinking water
supply!!
Area increased by
22 times in 100
years and
population by 30
times!!!
“Considering the agricultural importance of Nashik, it was proposed to bring the
fallow/scrub land into urban and peri-urban agriculture practices which will
reduce energy and water demand” – ULTIMATE GOAL OF NASHIK
Nexus in Nashik
 Inter- sectoral linkages: Integration of
separately designed and managed
systems in Nashik: Water,
Agriculture (Food) and Energy
 Institutional and Multi-level linkages:
At least 10 separate departments
responsible for water, energy and
agriculture in Nashik
Water
Food
Energy
 Pilot Interventions included:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Agriculture Pump Set Efficiency Performance Evaluation
Mapping biogas potential in the pilot area
Creating potential groundwater recharging system
Promoting agro-education in schools
Agriculture Pump Set Efficiency
Performance Evaluation
 Inefficient irrigation pump
sets used with operating
efficiency <30% or less
 Energy consumption is very
high on farms:
i. Improper selection and
installation of pumps,
ii. Use of high-friction
piping, and
iii. Lack of proper
maintenance
Pilot Activities Include:
 Semi-structured interview with more than 120 farmers in
Makhmalabad
 Auditing of 8 agricultural pumps in the study area
 Identify the major causes of low operating efficiency and
recommend improvements / better operating practices
 Study external parameters that could affect the efficiency and
their impact on operating efficiency
Replacement of inefficient pumps by ISI marked and BEE
approved energy efficient pump sets to demonstrate impact!!
Training and capacity building of farmers !!
Implementations can reduce energy
consumption at agricultural farms by
about 20% to 30% !!!!
Mapping Biogas Potential in the Pilot Area
 Strategic step to reduce dependence on fossil fuels
 Few decades back farmers had
installed biogas plants under
National Biogas and Manure
Management Programme
(NBMMP), GoI.
 However, biogas has lost its
charm due to urbanization and
reduction in livestock
 Need to look into options to
revive usage of biogas technology
Survey of Pilot Area to assess:
 Numbers and locations of functional
and non-functional biogas plants
 Number of individual and community
plants
 Reasons for non-functionality of
abandoned biogas plants
 Number of cattle sheds in the area
which can serve as potential source
for raw material
Only 16% of installed biogas
plants are functional
presently!!
Calculations show that replacing fossil fuels by biogas reduces
the CO2 emission per unit of energy by 90%!!
Creating Potential Groundwater Recharge
Systems
 Feasibility study by NMC to
construct groundwater recharging
system
 Along with NMC, ICLEI SA is
constructing groundwater
recharging systems at one of the 4
sites in city
Recharging Systems will reduce
surface runoff and maintain water
table for usage during dry spells!!
Promoting Agro –tourism/ Agro-education
among School
 Exposure visits for students to
agricultural farms to raise awareness
towards actual farming practices and
importance of organic farming
 Visit to model farm with variety of
plantations, horticulture nursery, demo
models of water conservation units etc.
 First tour was organized on 13th April,
2014 with 35 school children along
with teachers participating
 Facilitated through KK Wagh College of
Agricultural
Engineering
and
Technology
FOOD
Agricultural
Pump Set
Efficiency
Performance
Evaluation
Livestock manure management;
biofertilizer
Reduced energy
consumption
CLIMATE
CHANGE
WATER
Groundwater
Recharging
ENERGY
Mapping
Biogas
Potential in the
Pilot Area
Institutional and Multi-level Linkages
 Formation of Stakeholder Group
 Different departments at multi-levels involved:
‒ Water Supply and Sewerage; Environment; Town
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
Planning Dept. NMC (City level),
Irrigation Department (District and State level),
State Agriculture Department (State level),
Maharshtra State Electricity Distribution Company
Limited (District level)
KK Wagh College of Agricultural Engineering and
Technology, (Academic)
Agriculture Produce Market Committee (District level)
Maharashtra Engineering Research Institute (Research )
Maharashtra Environmental Engineering Training and
Research Academy (City level)
Perfect
example of
institutional
and
managerial
silos!!!
Outcomes, Challenges & Lessons Learnt
Outcomes
 Improved inter-departmental coordination
 Multi-level governance
 Improved energy efficiency by replacing inefficient pump sets with
more efficient, right sized pumps and low-friction valves and piping
 Promoting the revival of non-functional biogas plants helped in
improved resource efficiency
 Conservation of natural resources through groundwater recharging
 Awareness raising through students
 Training and capacity building of local farmers helped in sensitizing
them to the utilization of energy efficient pumps
 Community ownership of the project through a tripartite agreement
between the farmers, the NMC and ICLEI South Asia
Challenges
 The major short-comings in bringing institutional and multilevel linkages included:
‒ Composition of institutions
‒ Limited mandate of existing institutions
‒ Decision making process
‒ Bureaucratic and political interference
‒ Weak enforcement capacity
‒ No inter-departmental/institutional communication
Lessons Learnt
Bringing together multiple levels of governance
requires considerable time
 Limited time and human resources can shape
an Urban NEXUS outcome
 Creating openness to the Urban NEXUS
approach is crucial
 Building trust with communities is a make or
break factor
 Political will and commitment ensure that an
Urban NEXUS project will take flight
 Building awareness is a continuous
process

Thank You
For more information:
[email protected] or
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