Copepodi parassiti ed associati

Biol. Mar. Mediterr. (2010), 17 (suppl. 1): 438-451
COPEPODI PARASSITI ED ASSOCIATI
PARASITIC AND ASSOCIATED COPEPODS
Loredana Mariniello
I Copepodi parassiti costituiscono un gruppo
di Crostacei molto numeroso e polimorfo che
mostra differenti interazioni con l’ospite: queste
vanno da semplici associazioni periodiche a
legami stabili e permanenti. In quest’ultimo caso
si assiste talora ad una fusione metabolica tra
parassita ed ospite. Ciò porta a considerevoli
cambiamenti nei cicli di sviluppo e nella struttura del corpo rispetto ai Copepodi a vita libera.
Vivono in ambienti acquatici sia marini sia d’acqua dolce, ma sono particolarmente numerosi nei
mari e negli oceani. La maggioranza delle specie
marine note è parassita di pesci – tanto Chondrichthyes quanto Osteichthyes – ed appartiene
agli ordini Siphonostomatoida e Poecilostomatoida. Un certo numero di specie invade invertebrati come Celenterati, Anellidi, Echinodermi,
Molluschi e Crostacei. Alcune specie, parassite
di Cetacei, possono raggiungere considerevoli
dimensioni; sono stati segnalati in letteratura
esemplari di Pennella balaenopterae lunghi circa
60 cm (Kabata, 1992).
Sebbene sia difficile determinarne con precisione il numero, i Copepodi parassiti di pesci
contano circa 1600-1800 specie. In generale si
possono definire come parassiti della pelle o
delle branchie dei pesci; pochi vivono da endoparassiti. Per questo motivo molte specie sono di
grande importanza economica a causa delle gravi
ittiopatologie di cui sono responsabili. I Crostacei parassiti di pesci sono stati e sono tuttora
oggetto di studio da parte di numerosi autori. Per
quanto concerne le acque italiane, la più completa ricerca monografica è quella di A. Brian
(1906), che annovera nel suo catalogo circa 180
specie. Dai dati forniti dalla letteratura risulta
che le specie dei mari italiani sono poco conosciute, basti pensare solo che, eccetto i lavori di
Radujkovic e Raibaut (1987, 1989), per l’Adriatico
la più importante lista faunistica è stata fornita
più di un secolo fa (Valle, 1880) e riguarda principalmente il settore nord di questo mare. La
lista, comprende 172 specie parassite di pesci,
ne include anche alcune segnalate per il Mediterraneo, e delle quali mancano registrazioni più
precise concernenti i nostri mari. Si è ritenuto
opportuno includerle nell’elenco, considerando le
difficoltà esistenti nel porre limiti di distribuzione
a specie strettamente dipendenti dalla biologia dei
loro ospiti. Per la compilazione della lista sono
stati essenziali i lavori di Brian (1906), Yamaguti
(1963) ed in particolare modo di Kabata (1979,
1992), autore di un’ampia monografia. La classificazione segue quella proposta da Kabata (1979)
per i Copepodi parassiti delle acque britanniche.
I Copepodi associati in vario grado con gli
invertebrati marini mostrano un enorme spettro
The parasitic Copepods constitute a group
of very numerous and polymorphic Crustaceans
which show different interactions with hosts.
These interactions range from simple periodic
associations to permanent and stable ties. In this
last situation at times a metabolic fusion between
the parasite and the host occurs. This causes
important changes in the life cycles and in the
body structure compared to free-living Copepods.
They live in both marine and freshwater aquatic
environments, but they are particularly numerous
in the sea and oceans. Most known marine
species are parasitic of fish – both Chondrichthyes
and Osteichthyes – and belong to the orders
Siphonostomatoida and Poecilostomatoida. A
certain number of species settle in invertebrates
such as Coelenterates, Anellids, Echinoderms,
Molluscs and Crustaceans. Some species,
parasitic of Cetaceans, can reach large sizes; in
the literature specimens of Pennella balaenopterae
about 60 cm long (Kabata, 1992) have been
recorded.
Although the precise number of Copepods
is difficult to determine, the parasites of fish
are about 1600-1800 species. In general, they
are parasites of the skin or of the gill; a small
number are endoparasite. For this reason many
species are of great economic importance because
they are the cause of serious ichthyopathologies.
The Crustaceans that are parasitic of fish have
been and still are the object of study by numerous
authors. The most comprehensive monographic
study on Italian waters is by A. Brian (1906),
who listed in his catalogue about 180 species. It
emerges from literature data that the species of
the Italian seas are little known; one need only
recall that, apart from the papers by Radujkovic
and Raibaut (1987, 1989), the most important
list of fauna for the Adriatic sea was prepared
more than a century ago (Valle, 1880) and mainly
regards the northern part of this sea. In the list
there are 172 species parasitic of fish and there
are also some recorded in the Mediterranean Sea
for which precise records in our seas are lacking.
It was thought that they should be included in the
present list because of the difficulty in deciding
the distribution limits of species closely dependent
on the biology of their hosts. Essential to the
preparation of the list were the works by Brian
(1906), Yamaguti (1963) and in particular Kabata
(1979, 1992), who is the author of a comprehensive
monograph. The classification follows that
proposed by Kabata (1979) for parasitic Copepods
in British waters.
The Copepods associated in different ways
with marine invertebrates show an extraordinary
variety of structural diversity. Many species
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
439
di diversità strutturale. Molti sembrano indistinguibili da quelli a vita libera cosicché solo la
loro ecologia ed il comportamento rivelano un
legame obbligatorio con l’ospite. Alcuni sono forniti di dischi adesivi o appendici, altri appaiono
completamente trasformati. Nell’associazione
copepodi-invertebrati pochi sono gli effetti patogeni evidenziati nella maggioranza degli ospiti
coinvolti. Ciò è in contrasto con gli effetti deleteri che alcuni copepodi causano nel parassitare
i pesci e riflette l’antichità delle simbiosi con gli
invertebrati. Alcune specie sono poco note e non
sufficientemente descritte e in alcuni casi l’ospite
è sconosciuto. È fornita un’indicazione per ogni
specie parassita riguardo il gruppo tassonomico
cui appartiene l’ospite. Per la sistematica si fa
riferimento principalmente alle monografie di
Gotto (1979, 1993), ai lavori di Monod & Dollfus
(1932), di Stock (1959, 1960) ed alle pubblicazioni
più recenti. Poiché mancano dati specifici relativi
ai mari italiani la lista risulta a volte imprecisa
ed incompleta.
appear to be indistinguishable from those living
freely so only their ecology and behaviour reveal
the obligatory link with the host. Some species
have adhesive discs or appendages, others are
completely transformed. In the association
between Copepods and invertebrates there are
very few pathogenic effects visible on most of
the hosts involved. This is in contrast with the
deleterious effects caused by Copepods when
they are parasitic of fish and this reflects the
length of the symbiosis with invertebrates. Some
species are little known and have not been
sufficiently described, and in some cases the host
is unknown. The taxonomic group of the host
has been given for each parasitic species. The
systematics are largely based on the monographs
by Gotto (1979, 1993), on the works by Monod
& Dollfus (1932), Stock (1959, 1960) and on some
more recent papers. The list is at times imprecise
and incomplete because of a lack of specific data
for the Italian seas.
Per le varie specie è stata inserita una sigla indicante il
gruppo di ospiti frequentato (vedi tabella).
An abbreviation indicating the taxonomic group of the
host has been included for each species (see table.)
Bibliografia/References
BRIAN A., 1906. Copepodi parassiti dei pesci d’Italia. Genova.
GOTTO R.V., 1979. The association of copepods with marine invertebrates. Adv. Mar. Biol., 16: 1-109.
GOTTO V., 1993. Commensal and parasitic copepods associated with marine invertebrates (and whales). Synopses of the British
Fauna, (n.s.) 46, Universal Book Service/Backhuys, Oegstgeest: 264 pp.
KABATA Z., 1979. Parasitic Copepoda of British Fishes. Vol. 152. The Ray Society, London.
KABATA Z., 1992. Copepods Parasitic on Fishes. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 47. The Linnean Society of London
& The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association. Universal Book Services/Dr. W. Backhuys, Oegstgeest.
MONOD T. & DOLLFUS R.P., 1932. Les copépodes parasites des mollusques. Ann. Parasit., 10: 129-204.
RADUJKOVIC B.M. & RAIBAUT A., 1987. Copépodes parasites des poissons des côtes du Monténégro (Adriatique sud). Première série. Acta Adriat., 28 (1-2): 121-142.
RADUJKOVIC B.M. & RAIBAUT A., 1989. Parasites des poissons marins du Montenegro: Copépodes. Acta Adriat., 30: 237-278.
STOCK J.H., 1959. Copepoda associated with Neapolitan invertebrates. Pubbl. Staz. Zool. Napoli, 31: 43-75.
STOCK J.H., 1960. Sur quelques copépodes associés aux invertébrés des côtes du Roussillon. Crustaceana, 1: 218-257.
VALLE A., 1880. Crostacei parassiti dei pesci del Mare Adriatico. Boll.Soc. adriat. Sc. Nat., 6: 55-90.
YAMAGUTI S., 1963. Parasitic Copepoda and Brachiura of fishes. Intersciences, New York/London/Sydney.
Pennella filosa
(da/from Kabata, 1979)
L. Mariniello
440
1
Ordine Cyclopoida
Famiglia Ascidicolidae
Ascidicola10565
Ascidicola rosea10566
Enterocola10567
Enterocola clavelinae10568
Enterocola fulgens10569
Enterocola pterophora10570
Mychophilus10571
Mychophilus roseus10572
Enteropsis10573
Enteropsis chattoni10574
Enteropsis roscoffensis10575
Haplostoma10576
Haplostoma banyulensis10577
Haplostoma mizoulei10578
Enterognathus10579
Enterognathus comatulae10580
Famiglia Notodelphyidae
Anoplodelphys10581
Anoplodelphys corneci10582
Anoplodelphys galli10583
Anoplodelphys incerta10584
Bonnierilla10585
Bonnierilla altera10586
Bonnierilla arcuata10587
Bonnierilla filipes10588
Bonnierilla similis10589
Botachus10590
Botachus cylindratus10591
Brementia10592
Brementia balneolensis10593
Brementia illgi10594
Doroixys10595
Doroixys uncinata10596
Doropygella10597
Doropygella normani10598
Doropygella porcicauda10599
Doropygella psyllus10600
Doropygus10601
Doropygus pulex10602
Goniodelphys10603
Goniodelphys trigona10604
Gunenotophorus10605
Gunenotophorus globularis10606
Mesoixys10607
Mesoixys otaria10608
Notodelphys10609
Notodelphys allmani10610
Notodelphys elegans10611
Notodelphys prasina10612
Notodelphys reducta10613
Notodelphys rufescens10614
Notodelphys tenera10615
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
van Beneden, 1860
Chatton & Harant, 1929
van Beneden, 1860
Chatton & Brément, 1909
Hesse, 1865
Hesse, 1865
Aurivillius, 1885
Monniot, 1961
Chatton & Brément, 1909
(Canu, 1886)
Brément, 1909
Monniot, 1962
Giesbrecht, 1900
Giesbrecht, 1900
Lafargue & Laubier, 1978
Lafargue & Laubier, 1978
Lafargue & Laubier, 1978
Lafargue & Laubier, 1978
Canu, 1891
Stock, 1967
Brement, 1909
Stock, 1967
Illg & Dudley, 1961
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
Chatton & Brément, 1915
Chatton & Brément, 1915
Laubier & Lafargue, 1974
Kerschner, 1879
Kerschner, 1879
G.O. Sars, 1921
(Brady, 1878)
(Brady, 1878)
(Thorell, 1859)
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
Buchholz, 1869
Buchholz, 1869
Buchholz, 1869
Buchholz, 1869
Illg & Dudley, 1965
Illg & Dudley, 1965
Allman, 1847
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
Illg & Dudley, 1961
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9
CAR
TU (1)
TU (N)
TU (N)
TU (N)
TU (N)
TU (1)
TU (1)
TU (N)
TU (N)
x
x
x
ED CD
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
TU (N)
TU (N)
TU (N)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x TU (N)
x x TU (1)
TU (N)
TU (1)
TU (1)
x x TU (1)
x
x x x TU (N)
TU (N)
x
x
x
TU (1)
TU (1)
x x TU (1)
x
x
x
x x TU (1)
x
x
x
TU (1)
x
x
x
TU (1)
x
x
x
TU (N)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
TU
TU
TU
TU
TU
TU
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
SIN NOTE
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
Notodelphys sp.10616
Notopterophorus10617
Notopterophorus elatus10618
Notopterophorus elongatus10619
Notopterophorus papilio10620
Pachypygus10621
Pachypygus gibber10622
Scolecimorpha10623
Scolecimorpha joubini10624
Oooneides10625
Oooneides amela10626
Cochlodelphys10627
Cochlodelphys delamarei10628
Sicyodelphys10629
Sicyodelphys bocqueti10630
Ordine Harpacticoida
Famiglia Canuellidae
Sunaristes10631
Sunaristes paguri10632
Famiglia Laophontidae
Harrietella10633
Harrietella simulans10634
Laophonte10635
Laophonte commensalis10636
Ordine Poecilostomatoida
Famiglia Sapphirinidae
Sapphirina10637
Leuckart, 1859
Giesbrecht, 1892
Buchholz, 1869
Hesse, 1864
G.O. Sars, 1921
(Thorell, 1859)
G.O. Sars, 1926
(Chatton, 1909)
Chatton & Brément,
Chatton & Brément,
Lafargue & Laubier,
Lafargue & Laubier,
Lafargue & Laubier,
Lafargue & Laubier,
1
x
2
x
3 4 5 6
x
7 8 9
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
TU (1)
TU (1)
TU (1)
x
x
x
TU (1)
x
x
x
TU (1)
1915
1915
1968
1968
1968
1968
T. Scott,
T. Scott,
Philippi,
Raibaut,
CAR SIN NOTE
MO PB
TU (N)
TU (N)
TU (N)
Hesse, 1867
Hesse, 1867
CT DP
1906
1894
1840
1961
CT IS
CT DP
Thompson, 1829
Sapphirina nigromaculata10638 Claus, 1863
Famiglia Bomolochidae
Anchistrotos10639
Anchistrotos gobii10640
Bomolochus10641
Bomolochus bellones10642
Bomolochus muraenae10643
Bomolochus soleae10644
Bomolochus unicirrus10645
Pseudoeucanthus10646
Pseudoeucanthus alosae10647
Famiglia Taeniacanthidae
Phagus10648
Phagus muraenae10649
Taeniacanthus10650
Taeniacanthus balistae10651
Taeniacanthus laqueus10652
Famiglia Ergasilidae
Ergasilus10653
Ergasilus gibbus10654
Ergasilus lizae10655
Nipergasilus10656
Nipergasilus bora10657
Famiglia Chondracanthidae
Acanthochondria10658
Acanthochondria cornuta10659
441
Brian, 1906
Brian, 1906
von Nordmann, 1832
Burmeister, 1835
Richiardi, 1880
(Claus, 1864)
Richiardi, 1902
Brian, 1905
(Brian, 1902)
Wilson, 1911
(Richiardi, 1880)
Sumpf, 1871
(Claus, 1864)
(Leigh-Sharpe, 1935)
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
O
O
O
O
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
x
x x x
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
O
O
x
x
x
x x x
O
O
x
x
O
x
x
x
x x x
O
x x
x
von Nordmann, 1832
von Nordmann, 1832
Krøyer, 1863
Yin, 1956
(Yamaguti, 1939)
Oakley, 1927
(O.F. Müller, 1776)
x
MO
OP
x
x
O
L. Mariniello
442
1
Acanthochondria soleae10660
Acanthochondrites10661
Acanthochondrites annulatus10662
Chondracanthus10663
Chondracanthus horridus10664
Chondracanthus lophii10665
Chondracanthus merluccii10666
Chondracanthus ninnii10667
Chondracanthus ornatus10668
Chondracanthus zei10669
Lernentoma10670
Lernentoma asellina10671
Protochondracanthoides10672
Protochondracanthoides
angustatus10673
Strabax10674
Strabax monstrosus10675
Famiglia Philichthyidae
Colobomatus10676
Colobomatus agassizi10677
Colobomatus baraldii10678
Colobomatus benazzii10679
Colobomatus canthari10680
Colobomatus denticis10681
Colobomatus doderleini10682
Colobomatus edwardsii10683
Colobomatus fiatolae10684
Colobomatus grubei10685
Colobomatus haeckeli10686
Colobomatus labracis10687
Colobomatus lichiae10688
Colobomatus minimus10689
Colobomatus mugilis10690
Colobomatus mulli10691
Colobomatus muraenae10692
Colobomatus oblatae10693
Colobomatus pagelli10694
Colobomatus pagri10695
Colobomatus richiardii10696
Colobomatus sciaenae10697
Colobomatus sieboldi10698
Colobomatus steenstrupi10699
Leposphilus10700
Leposphilus labrei10701
Lernaeascus10702
Lernaeascus nematoxys10703
Philichthys10704
(Krøyer, 1838)
Oakley, 1930
(Olsson, 1869)
Delaroche, 1811
Heller, 1865
Johnston, 1836
(Holten, 1802)
Richiardi, 1882
Scott, 1900
Delaroche, 1811
de Blainville, 1822
(Linnaeus, 1761)
Yamaguti, 1963
2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
CAR
O
C
x
x
x
x
x x
x x x
x x x
x
x x x
O
O
O
O
O
O
x
x
x
x
x x x
O
(Heller, 1868)
x
x
x
x? x? x x
O
von Nordmann, 1864
von Nordmann, 1864
x
x
x
x x
O
x
x
x
x x x
O
O
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
O
O
O
x
x
x
Hesse, 1873
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1877)
Delamare-Deboutteville &
Nunes-Ruivo, 1952
(Richiardi)
DelamareDeboutteville & NunesRuivo, 1952
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1883)
(Richiardi, 1876)
(Richiardi, 1880) DelamareDeboutteville & NunesRuivo, 1952
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1877)
Delamare-Deboutteville &
Nunes-Ruivo, 1952
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1877)
Raibaut, Caillet & Ben
Hassine, 1978
Essafi, Raibaut &
Boudaoud-Krissat, 1983
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1876) DelamareDeboutteville & NunesRuivo, 1952
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Valle, 1880)
(Richiardi, 1876)
(Richiardi, 1877)
(Richiardi, 1876)
Hesse, 1866
Hesse, 1866
Claus, 1886
Claus, 1886
Steenstrup, 1862
x
x
x x x
O
O
O
x
x
x
O
x
x x x
O
O
x
x
O
x
x
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
x x x
x
x x x
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
x
x x x
O
SIN NOTE
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
Philichthys xiphiae10705
Sphaerifer10706
Sphaerifer corvinae10707
Sphaerifer leydigii10708
Famiglia Lamippidae
Enalcyonium10709
Enalcyonium affinis10710
Enalcyonium albidum10711
Enalcyonium chattoni10712
Enalcyonium duthiersi10713
Enalcyonium pallidum10714
Enalcyonium parvum10715
Enalcyonium pusillum10716
Enalcyonium rubicundum10717
Enalcyonium setigerum10718
Enalcyonium sympodii10719
Lamippe10720
Lamippe rubra10721
Lamippella10722
Lamippella faurei10723
Lamippina10724
Lamippina aciculifera10725
Linaresia10726
Linaresia mamillifera10727
Famiglia Mytilicolidae
Mytilicola10728
Mytilicola intestinalis10729
Trochicola10730
Trochicola entericus10731
Trochicola vermiformis10732
Trochicola sp.10733
Famiglia Pseudanthessidae
Katanthessius10734
Steenstrup, 1862
Richiardi, 1876
(Leydig, 1851)
Richiardi, 1877
1
x
2
x
3 4 5 6
x
x
7 8 9
x x x
CAR
O
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
O
O
x
x
Olsson, 1869
(de Zulueta, 1908)
(de Zulueta, 1908)
(de Zulueta, 1908)
(Joliet, 1882)
(de Zulueta, 1908)
(de Zulueta, 1908)
(de Zulueta, 1908)
Olsson, 1869
(de Zulueta, 1908)
(de Zulueta, 1908)
Bruzelius, 1858
Bruzelius, 1858
Bouligand
&
Delamare
Deboutteville, 1959
Bouligand
&
Delamare
Deboutteville, 1959
Bouligand, 1960
(de Zulueta, 1908)
de Zulueta, 1908
de Zulueta, 1908
Steuer, 1902
Steuer, 1902
Dollfus, 1914
Dollfus, 1914
(Stock, 1959)
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
CN
OC
OC
OC
OC
OC
OC
OC
OC
OC
OC
CN OC
CN OC
CN OC
CN OC
x
x
x
x
x x x MO BI
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
MO PB
MO PB
MO PB
x
x
x
MO
OP
Stock, 1960
Katanthessius delamarei10735 Stock, 1960
Pseudanthessius10736
Pseudanthessius gracilis10737
Pseudanthessius sauvagei10738
Pseudanthessius thorelli10739
Heteranthessius10740
Heteranthessius furcatus10741
Famiglia Sabelliphilidae
Herrmannella10742
Herrmannella parva10743
Herrmannella pecteni10744
Herrmannella rostrata10745
Sabelliphilus10746
Sabelliphilus elongatus10747
Sabelliphilus sarsi10748
Famiglia Splanchnotrophidae
Splanchnotrophus10749
443
Claus, 1889
Claus, 1889
Canu, 1891
(Brady, 1880)
T. Scott, 1904
Stock, 1971
Canu, 1891
Normann & T. Scott, 1908
(Sowinski, 1884)
Canu, 1891
M. Sars, 1862
M. Sars, 1862
Claparède, 1870
MO BI
ED EC
CN OC
TU (1)
CN OC
MO BI
MO BI
x
x
x
x
x
x
PL
PL
Hancock & Norman, 1863
Splanchnotrophus angulatus10750 Hecht, 1893
x
x x x
MO
OP
SIN NOTE
L. Mariniello
444
1
2
3 4 5 6
x
x
x
x
x
x
CT DP
x
x
x
MO BI
PL
x
x
x
MO BI
Splanchnotrophus gracilis10751 Hancock & Norman, 1863
Splanchnotrophus insolens10752 T. Scott & A. Scott, 1895
Famiglia Clausidiidae
Hemicyclops10753
Hemicyclops bacescui10754
Hersiliodes10755
Hersiliodes cylindracea10756
Hersiliodes latericia10757
Leptinogaster10758
Leptinogaster pholadis10759
Famiglia Clausiidae
Psaudoclasia10760
Psaudoclasia longiseta10761
Famiglia Nereicolidae
Nereicola10762
Nereicola ovatus10763
Famiglia Gastrodelphyidae
Gastrodelphys10764
Gastrodelphys clausii10765
Famiglia Anthessiidae
Anthessius10766
Anthessius minor10767
Boeck, 1872
(Serban, 1956)
Canu, 1888
(Pelseneer, 1929)
(Grube, 1869)
Pelseneer, 1928
Pelseneer, 1928
SP
Keferstein, 1863
Keferstein, 1863
PL
Graeffe, 1883
Graeffe, 1883
PL
x
x
x
Anthessius pleurobrancheae10768 Della Valle, 1880
x
x
x
Della Valle, 1880
x
(Raffaele & Monticelli, 1885) x
x
x
x
x
Thorell, 1859
Della Valle, 1880
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Lichomolgus agilis10773 (Leydig, 1853)
Lichomolgus
Lichomolgus
Lichomolgus
Lichomolgus
canui10774
elegantulus10775
forficula10776
furcillatus10777
G.O. Sars, 1917
Stock, 1960
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
Lichomolgus longicauda10778 (Claus, 1860)
Lichomolgus protulae10779
Lichomolgus pteroidis10780
Lichomolgus serpulae10781
Lichomolgus trispinosus10782
Lichomolgus trochi10783
Modiolicola10784
Modiolicola inermis10785
Modiolicola insignis10786
Modiolicola maximus10787
Octopicola10788
Stock, 1960
Della Valle, 1880
Stock, 1960
Stock, 1959
Canu, 1899
Aurivillius, 1882
Canu, 1892
Aurivillius, 1882
(Thompson, 1893)
Humes, 1957
Claus, 1889
Claus, 1889
(Canu, 1891)
(Pesta, 1909)
MO BI
MO
x x
OP
MO BI
MO BI
x
x x x CN AT
MO
OP
TU (1)
MO BI
TU (1)
TU (1)
MO
x x
CF
PL
MO BI
PL
CN OC
MO PB
MO BI
MO BI
MO BI
MO
CF
Octopicola superbus10789 Humes, 1957
Paranthessius10790
Paranthessius anemoniae10791
Paranthessius inermis10792
Paranthessius pectinis10793
CAR
MO
OP
MO
OP
Bocquet & Stock, 1960
Bocquet & Stock, 1963
Della Valle, 1880
(Stock, 1959)
Anthessius solenocurti10769
Anthessius spinosus10770
Famiglia Lichomolgidae
Lichomolgus10771
Lichomolgus actiniae10772
7 8 9
x
x
x
CN AT
MO BI
x x MO BI
SIN NOTE
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
Paranthessius rostratus10794 (Canu, 1891)
(Raffaele & Monticelli,
Pseudomyicola10795
1885)
(Raffaele & Monticelli,
Pseudomyicola spinosus10796
1885)
Pseudomyicola sp.10797
Acaenomolgus10798 Humes & Stock, 1972
Acaenomolgus protulae10799 (Stock, 1959)
Astericola10800 Rosoll, 1889
445
1
x
2
x
3 4 5 6
x
7 8 9
x
x
x
x x x MO BI
x
x
x
x
CAR SIN NOTE
MO BI
MO BI
PL
ED
AD
Astericola clausi10801 Rosoll, 1889
Doridicola10802 Leydig, 1853
MO
OP
MO
CF
Doridicola agilis10803 Leydig, 1853
Doridicola logicauda10804 (Claus, 1860)
Critomolgus10805
Critomolgus actiniae10806
Epimolgus10807
Epimolgus trochi10808
Macrochiron10809
Macrochiron fucicolum10810
Famiglia Synaptiphilidae
Synaptiphilus10811
Synaptiphilus cantacuzenei10812
Ordine Siphonostomatoida
Famiglia Caligidae
Caligodes10813
Caligodes laciniatus10814
Caligus10815
Caligus affinis10816
Caligus apodus10817
Caligus bonito10818
Caligus brevicaudatus10819
Caligus coryphaenae10820
Caligus curtus10821
Caligus diaphanus10822
Caligus elongatus10823
Caligus lichiae10824
Caligus ligusticus10825
Caligus mauritanicus10826
Caligus minimus10827
Caligus mugilis10828
Caligus pagelli10829
Caligus pelamydis10830
Caligus productus10831
Caligus vexator10832
Diphyllogaster10833
Diphyllogaster thompsoni10834
Lepeophtheirus10835
Lepeophtheirus europaensis10836
Lepeophtheirus grohmanni10837
Lepeophtheirus nordmannii10838
Humes & Stock, 1983
(Della Valle, 1880)
Bocquet & Stock, 1956
(Canu, 1899)
Brady, 1872
Brady, 1872
Canu & Cuénot, 1892
Bocquet & Stock, 1957
Heller, 1868
(Kollar in Krøyer, 1863)
Heller, 1868
O.F. Müller, 1785
Heller, 1866
(Brian, 1924)
Wilson, 1905
A. Scott, 1901
Streenstrup & Lütken, 1861
O.F. Müller, 1785
von Nordmann, 1832
von Nordmann, 1832
Brian, 1906
Brian, 1906
Brian, 1924
Otto, 1821
Brian, 1935
Delamare-Deboutteville &
Nunes-Ruivo, 1958
Krøyer, 1863
Dana, 1852
Heller, 1865
Brian, 1899
Brian, 1899
von Nordmann, 1832
Zeddam, Berrebi, Renaud,
Raibaut & Gabrion, 1988
Krøyer, 1863
(Edwards, 1840)
CN AT
MO PB
·
x
x
x
ED OL
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x? x? x?
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
C
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
O
O
O
O
O
L. Mariniello
446
Lepeophtheirus pectoralis10839
Lepeophtheirus thompsoni10840
Sciaenophilus10841
Sciaenophilus tenuis10842
Famiglia Euryphoridae
Euryphorus10843
Euryphorus brachypterus10844
Famiglia Trebiidae
Trebius10845
Trebius caudatus10846
Famiglia Pandaridae
Demoleus10847
Demoleus heptatus10848
Dinemoura10849
Dinemoura latifolia10850
Dinemoura producta10851
Echthrogaleus10852
Echthrogaleus coleoptratus10853
Pandarus10854
Pandarus bicolor10855
Pandarus lugubris10856
Perissopus10857
Perissopus dentatus10858
Famiglia Cecropidae
Cecrops10859
Cecrops latreilli10860
Luetkenia10861
Luetkenia asterodermi10862
Orthagoriscicola10863
Orthagoriscicola muricatus10864
Philorthagoriscus10865
Philorthagoriscus serratus10866
Famiglia Dichelesthiidae
Anthosoma10867
Anthosoma crassum10868
Dichelesthium10869
Dichelesthium oblongum10870
Famiglia Eudactylinidae
Eudactylina10871
Eudactylina acuta10872
Eudactylina similis10873
Eudactylinella10874
Eudactylinella alba10875
Nemesis10876
Nemesis lamna10877
Nemesis mediterranea10878
Nemesis robusta10879
Famiglia Kroyeriidae
Kroyeria10880
Kroyeria lineata10881
Famiglia Pseudocycnidae
Pseudocycnus10882
Pseudocycnus appendiculatus10883
(O.F. Müller, 1777)
Baird, 1850
van Beneden, 1852
van Beneden, 1852
1
2
3 4 5 6
x
x
x
7 8 9
x x
x x
O
Edwards, 1905
(Gerstaecker, 1853)
Krøyer, 1838
Krøyer, 1838
O
x
x
x
Heller, 1865
(Otto, 1821)
x? x? x?
Latreille, 1829
(Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861) x x x
(O.F. Müller, 1785)
x x x
Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861
(Guerin-Ménéville, 1837)
x x x
Leach, 1816
Leach, 1916
x x x
Heller, 1868
x x x
Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861
Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861
x x x
Leach, 1816
Leach, 1816
Claus, 1864
Claus, 1864
Poche, 1902
(Krøyer, 1837)
Horst, 1897
(Krøyer, 1863)
Leach, 1816
(Albidgaard, 1794)
Herrmann, 1804
(Abildgaard, 1794)
van Beneden, 1853
van Beneden, 1853
T. Scott, 1902
Wilson, 1932
Wilson, 1932
Risso, 1826
Risso, 1826
Heller, 1868
(van Beneden, 1851)
CAR
O
O
x
x x x
C
C
x x
C
C
C
C
C
x
x x x
C
x
x
x
x x
O
x
x
x
x x
O
x x x
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
van Beneden, 1853
van Beneden, 1853
x
x
x
Heller, 1865
Heller, 1865
x
x
x
C, O
x x
C, O
x x
O
x x
C
C
C
x
x x
x x x
x x
C
C
C
x x
C
O
SIN NOTE
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
Famiglia Hatschekiidae
Congericola10884
Congericola gracilis10885
Congericola pallidus10886
Hatschekia10887
Hatschekia cernae10888
Hatschekia damianii10889
Hatschekia gerro10890
Hatschekia ischnon10891
Hatschekia mulli10892
Hatschekia obesa10893
Hatschekia pagellibogneravei10894
Hatschekia pygmaea10895
Hatschekia richiardii10896
Famiglia Lernanthropidae
Lernanthropus10897
Lernanthropus brevis10898
Lernanthropus gisleri10899
Lernanthropus kroyeri10900
Lernanthropus micropterygis10901
Lernanthropus mugilis10902
Lernanthropus scribae10903
Lernanthropus trachuri10904
Lernanthropus vorax10905
Lernanthropus sp.10906
Famiglia Pennellidae
Haemobaphes10907
Haemobaphes ambiguus10908
Lernaeenicus10909
Lernaeenicus encrasicoli10910
Lernaeenicus gracilis10911
Lernaeenicus neglectus10912
Lernaeenicus sprattae10913
Lernaeenicus vorax10914
Lernaeocera10915
Lernaeocera branchialis10916
Lernaeocera sp.10917
Lernaeolophus10918
Lernaeolophus sultanus10919
Peniculus10920
Peniculus fistula10921
Pennella10922
van Beneden, 1854
(Milne-Edwards, 1840)
van Beneden, 1854
Poche, 1902
(Goggio, 1905)
Brian, 1906
Leigh-Sharpe, 1936
Leigh-Sharpe, 1936
(van Beneden, 1851)
Richiardi, 1880
(Hesse, 1879)
Scott & Scott, 1913
Goggio, 1905
de Blainville, 1822
Richiardi, 1879
van Beneden, 1852
van Beneden, 1851
Richiardi, 1885
Brian, 1898
Krøyer, 1863
Brian, 1903
Richiardi, 1880
Radujkovic & Rabaut, 1989
Steenstrup & Lütken, 1961
Scott, 1900
Le Suer, 1824
(Turton, 1807)
Heller, 1868
Richiardi, 1877
(Sowerby, 1806)
Richiardi, 1877
de Blainville, 1822
(Linnaeus, 1767)
Radujkovic & Raibaut, 1989
Heller, 1868
(von Nordmann, 1839)
von Nordmann, 1832
von Nordmann, 1832
Oken, 1816
447
1
2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9
CAR
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x x x
x
x x x
O
O
O
O
O
x
x
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
Pennella crassicornis10923 Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861
x
x
x
Pennella filosa10924 (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pennella remorae10925 Murray, 1856
x
x
x
Pennella varians10926 Steenstrup & Lütken, 1861
x
x
x
Heller, 1868
Richiardi, 1882
Heller, 1865
x
x
x
x
x
x
Kölliker, 1853
Kölliker, 1853
x
x
x
Peroderma10927
Peroderma bellotti10928
Peroderma cylindricum10929
Famiglia Sphyriidae
Lophoura10930
Lophoura edwardsi10931
O
x
x
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
x x
O
O
x
x
x
ED
CD, O
x x
O
O
ED
x x x
CD, O
x x x
x
O
O
O
SIN NOTE
L. Mariniello
448
1
Tripaphylus10932
Tripaphylus musteli10933
Famiglia Lernaeopodidae
Advena10934
Advena paradoxa10935
Alella10936
Alella berecynthia10937
Alella pagelli10938
Brachiella10939
Brachiella elegans10940
Brachiella oblonga10941
Brachiella thynni10942
Charopinus10943
Charopinus dalmanni10944
Clavella10945
Clavella adunca10946
Clavella alata10947
Clavella denticis10948
Clavella pagri10949
Clavellisa10950
Clavellisa emarginata10951
Clavellisa scombri10952
Clavellodes10953
Clavellodes macrotrachelus10954
Clavellopsis10955
Clavellopsis characis10956
Clavellopsis fallax10957
Clavellopsis sargi10958
Eubrachiella10959
Eubrachiella exigua10960
Eubrachiella mugilis10961
Lernaeopoda10962
Lernaeopoda bidiscalis10963
Lernaeopoda galei10964
Neobrachiella10965
Neobrachiella bispinosa10966
Neobrachiella chevreuxi10967
Neobrachiella impudica10968
Neobrachiella insidiosa10969
Neobrachiella merluccii10970
Neobrachiella richiardii10971
Neobrachiella triglae10972
Pseudocharopinus10973
Pseudocharopinus malleus10974
Famiglia Naobranchiidae
Naobranchia10975
Naobranchia amplectens10976
Naobranchia cygniformis10977
Famiglia Asterocheridae
Asterocheres10978
Asterocheres echinicola10979
Asterocheres latus10980
2
3 4 5 6
7 8 9
Richiardi, 1878
(van Beneden, 1851)
Kabata, 1979
(van Beneden, 1851)
Leigh-Sharpe, 1925
Leigh-Harpe, 1828
(Krøyer, 1863)
Cuvier, 1830
Richiardi, 1880
Valle, 1880
Cuvier, 1830
Krøyer, 1863
(Retzius, 1829)
Oken, 1816
(Strom, 1762)
Brian, 1906
(Krøyer, 1864)
(Krøyer, 1864)
Wilson, 1915
(Krøyer, 1837)
(Kurz, 1877)
Wilson, 1915
(Brian, 1906)
Wilson, 1915
(Richiardi, 1880)
(Heller, 1865)
(Kurz, 1877)
Wilson, 1915
(Brian, 1906)
Kabata, Raibaut & Ben
Hassine, 1971
de Blainville, 1822
Kane, 1892
Krøyer, 1837
Kabata, 1979
(von Nordmann, 1832)
(van Beneden, 1891)
(von Nordmann, 1932)
(Heller, 1865)
(Bassett-Smith, 1896)
(Ben Hassine & Raibaut,
1978)
(Claus, 1860)
Kabata, 1964
(Rudolphi in von Nordmann,
1832)
Hesse, 1863
(Kurz, 1877)
Hesse, 1863
Boeck, 1859
(Norman, 1868)
(Brady, 1872)
x x
CAR
C
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
O
O
x? x? x?
x
x
x
x x x
x x
O
O
O
x
x
x
x x
C
x x x
x x x
x x x
x? x? x?
x x
O
O
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x x
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
O
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
O
x
x x x
O
x
x x x
C
C
x
x
x
x
x x
x x x
x
O
O
O
O
O
x
x x x
O
x x
O
x x
C
x x x
x x x
O
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
O
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
SP
SP
SIN NOTE
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
Asterocheres parvus10981
Asterocheres stimulans10982
Asterocheres suberitis10983
Asterocheres violaceus10984
Asterocheres sp.10985
Collocheres10986
Collocheres gracilicauda10987
Scottocheres10988
Scottocheres elongatus10989
Scottocheres laubieri10990
Dermatomyzon10991
Dermatomyzon nigripes10992
Acontiophorus10993
Acontiophorus armatus10994
Acontiophorus scutatus10995
Rhynchomyzon10996
Rhynchomyzon
purpurocinctum10997
Famiglia Artotrogidae
Dyspontius10998
Dyspontius striatus10999
Cryptopontius11000
Cryptopontius brevifurcatus11001
Bradypontius11002
Bradypontius papillatus11003
Famiglia Cancerillidae
Cancerilla11004
Cancerilla tubulata11005
Parartotrogus11006
Parartotrogus richardi11007
Famiglia Micropontiidae
Micropontius11008
Micropontius ovoides11009
Famiglia Dinopontiidae
Dinopontius11010
Dinopontius acuticauda11011
Famiglia Nicothoidae
Nicothoe11012
Nicothoe astaci11013
Homoescelis11014
Homoescelis mediterranea11015
Sphaeronella11016
Giesbrecht, 1897
Giesbrecht, 1897
Giesbrecht, 1897
(Claus, 1889)
Canu, 1893
(Brady, 1880)
Giesbrecht, 1899
(T. Scott & A. Scott, 1894)
Stock, 1967
Claus, 1889
(Brady & Robertson, 1876)
Brady, 1880
Brady, 1880
Brady & Robertson, 1873
Giesbrecht, 1895
449
1
x
2
x
3 4 5 6
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
CAR SIN NOTE
SP
·
SP
ED EC
SP
x
x
x
ED OF
x
x
x
SP
SP
·
·
SP
(T. Scott, 1893)
SP
Thorell, 1859
Thorell, 1859
Giesbrecht, 1895
(Giesbrecht, 1895)
Giesbrecht, 1895
(T. Scott, 1888)
TU (1)
ED EC
SP
Dalyell, 1851
Dalyell, 1851
T. Scott & A. Scott, 1893
T. Scott & A. Scott, 1893
ED OF
ED OF
Gooding, 1957
Gooding, 1957
Stock, 1960
Stock, 1960
Audouin & Edwards, 1826
Audouin & Edwards, 1826
Hansen, 1897
Hansen, 1897
Salensky, 1868
Sphaeronella leuckartii11017 Salensky, 1868
Famiglia Melinnacheridae
Melinnacheres11018 M. Sars, 1870
Melinnacheres steenstrupi11019 (Bresciani & Lützen, 1961)
Famiglia Phyllodicolidae
Delamare-Deboutteville &
Phyllodicola11020
Laubier, 1960
Delamare-Deboutteville &
Phyllodicola petiti11021
Laubier, 1960
Famiglia Herpyllobiidae
Herpyllobius11022 Steenstrup & Lützen, 1861
Herpyllobius arcticus11023 Steenstrup & Lützen, 1861
7 8 9
ED EC
x
x
x
CN AT
CT DP
CT CU
CT
AM
PL
PL
PL
L. Mariniello
450
1
Famiglia Nanaspididae
Allantogynus11024
Allantogynus delamarei11025
Calyspina11026
Calyspina changeuxi11027
Famiglia Stellicomitidae
Stellicola11028
Changeux,
Changeux,
Changeux,
Changeux,
1958
1958
1961
1961
3 4 5 6
7 8 9
CAR
ED OL
x
x
x
ED OL
x
x
x
ED
AD
(Bocquet, 1952)
Stellicola asterinae11029 (Bocquet, 1952)
Ordine Monstrilloida
Famiglia Monstrillidae
Monstrilla11030
Monstrilla helgolandica11031
Copepoda incertae sedis
Famiglia Antheacheridae
Staurosoma11032
Staurosoma parasiticum11033
Famiglia Mesoglicolidae
Mesoglicola11034
2
(Dana, 1853)
Claus, 1863
Will, 1844
Will, 1844
CN AT
Quidor, 1906
CN
CM
Mesoglicola delagei11035 Quidor, 1906
Copepoda: Generi 'anomali' di incerta posizione tassonomica (Gotto,
Anomalous genera of uncertain taxonomic position (Gotto, 1979)
Ameristocheres11036 Pelseneer, 1928
Ameristocheres inermis11037 Pelseneer, 1928
x
Amphiurophilus11038 (Hérouard, 1906)
Amphiurophilus amphiurae11039 (Hérouard, 1906)
x
Flabellicola11040 Gravier, 1918
Flabellicola neapolitana11041 Gravier, 1918
x
Gonophysema11042 Bresciani & Lützen, 1960
Gonophysema gullmarensis11043 Bresciani & Lützen, 1960
Ive11044 Majer, 1879
Ive balanoglossi11045 Majer, 1879
Parachordemium11046 Le Calvez, 1938
Parachordemium tetracerus11047 Le Calvez, 1938
Sacodiscus11048 Stock, 1960
Sacodiscus humesi11049 Stock, 1960
x
Sponginticola11050 Topsent, 1928
Sponginticola uncifer11051 Topsent, 1928
Tereidoika11052 Stock, 1959
Tereidoika serpentina11053 Stock, 1959
x
1979)
x
x
x
x
x
x
MO PB
x
x x x ED OF
PL
TU (1)
EN
ED OF
x
x
ED OL
SP
x
x
MO BI
SIN NOTE
Copepodi parassiti ed associati / Parasitic and associated Copepods
Caratteristiche
•
ospite sconosciuto
SP
Poriferi
CN
Cnidari
AT
CM
OC
PL
Policheti
MO
Molluschi
PB
OP
BI
CF
CT
Crostacei
CU
IS
AM
DP
ED
Echinodermi
CD
OL
EC
AD
OF
EN
Enteropneusti
TU
Tunicati
(1)
(N)
C
Condroitti
O
Osteitti
Attiniari
Corallimorfari
Ottocoralli
Prosobranchi
Opistobranchi
Bivalvi
Cefalopodi
Cumacei
Isopodi
Anfipodi
Decapodi
Crinoidei
Oloturoidei
Echinoidei
Asteroidei
Ofiuroidei
Ascidie solitarie
Ascidie composte
451
Characteristics
unknown host
•
SP
Sponges
CN
Cnidarians
AT
CM
OC
PL
Polychaetes
MO
Molluscs
PB
OP
BI
CF
CT
Crustaceans
CU
IS
AM
DP
ED
Echinoderms
CD
OL
EC
AD
OF
EN
Enteropneusta
TU
Tunicates
(1)
(N)
C
Chondrichthyes
O
Osteichthyes
Prosobranchs
Opisthobranchs
Bivalves
Cephalopods
Cumaceans
Isopods
Amphipods
Decapods
Crinoids
Holothurids
Echinoids
Asteroids
Ophiuroids
Ascidians
Compound Ascidians
(da/from Kabata, 1979)
(da/from Kabata, 1979)
Clavella adunca
Actiniarians
Corallimorpharians
Octocorals
Brachiella thynni