presentation

ASI-SRV: ASI Pilot Project to support the
Monitoring of Volcanic Risk in Italy by means
of EO data.
M.F. Buongiorno, M.Musacchio, M. Silvetri, S.Zoffoli, C.Cardaci, E.Sansosti,
S.Pugnaghi, S.Teggi, S.Vignoli, A.Amodio, G.Puglisi, S.Borgström.
PRESENTATION SUMMARY
• Overview of active volcanoes in Italy
• ASI-SRV project contest
• SRV system description
• Products
• Scheduling and current status
• Final remarks
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Italian seismic and volcanic surveillance
 Italy presents both high seismicity and volcanic activity on its territory
 Volcanic Eruptions have been very frequent (Etna and Stromboli) in the
last 8-10 years.
 INGV is responsible at national level to develop and maintain the
seismic and volcanic geophysics networks to monitor earthquake and
volcanic activity and support the Italian Department of Civil Protection.
 Volcanic Observatories are located in Napoli and Catania (INGV-OV and
INGV-CT)
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Main Volcanic areas in Italy
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Types of volcanic activity produced by Italian volcanoes
•Lava Flows: (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio);
• Ash Clouds, Strombolian actviity (Etna, Stromboli, Vesuvio, Vulcano);
•Anomalous gas emissions (Panarea, Colli Albani, Vulcano);
• lahars, land slides, debris-flows (all volcanoes);
•tsunami (Stromboli, Etna, Vesuvio);
•Pyroclastic Flows (Vesuvio, Vulcano, Campi Flegrei);
• Caldera Collapse (Campi Fregrei, Vesuvio, Etna)
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INGV Permanent Network distribution
location
vulcano
Seismic
networks
GPS and other
geodetic
networks
Geochemical
networks
Ground
based
cameras
Lazio
Colli
Albani
X
X
Campania
Vesuvio
Campi
Flegrei
Ischia
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Etna
Stromboli
Vulcano
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Panarea
Pantelleria
X
X
X
X
Sicilia
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INGV
Etna ground Monitoring
systems

Discontinuous measurements

Webcam network

UV-scanner network for SO2 flux

Seismic network

GPS permanent network

Gravimetric network

Magnetic network


Analysis of the erupted ash

Analysis of the erupted products

Geologic and structural surveys

Lava mapping from field
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non-EO
INGV Data:
Vesuvius and
Vesuvius
Campi Flegrei
ground
networks
 Levelling network (435 km);






EDM network (20 vertices) ;
tiltmetric network (7 stations);
non permanent GPS network (about 100 vertices);
CGPS network (permanent GPS 16 stations);
tide gauges network (7 stations);
gravimetric network (68 points).
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DEVELOPMENT CONTEST
Volcanic Activity In Italy
Italian Space Agency EO Application
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ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY (ASI) APPLICATION PROJECTS
ASI starting from the National Space Plan (PSN) 2003-2005 decided
to develop application products based on EO data to improve Scientific
and Technological research on Natural and Man-made Risks and to
support End Users during crisis.
The 2003-2005 and 2006-2008 PSN have focused on the following
application areas:
Hydro-geologic risks (landslides and floods)
Geophysics Risks (earthquakes and volcanoes)
Forest Fires
Marine pollution
Air Quality
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Volcanic Risk applications
Phase A: Feasibility study
 2 Studies were selected on a
competitive basis (July 2003) – Call for
Proposal
Phase B: Pilot Project
1 selected after Phase A
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ASI-SRV related projects and activities
A long preparatory phase contributed to development of
the ASI-SRV project
1. INGV research activities in the Remote sensing data
analysis (since 1990)
2. ASI Research Projects (1998-2002)
3. DPC research projects (1994-2008)
4. FP6-PREVIEW project (2005-2008) (www.preview-risk.com)
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ASI Volcanic Application Projects development plan:
Duration
6 m.
Feasibility study
Pilot project
preaparation
6 m.
Pilot projects
development
Status
March - September
2004
2005-2006
KO: January 2007
3 y.
Pre-op. demonstration
on test site
Operations
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December 20082010
After Pilot project
end in 2010
THE ASI-SRV
Objectives
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Pilot Project Objectives
• The Objective of the Pilot Project SRV is to define, develop and
demonstrate a pre-operational system based on EO data
integrated by ground measurements to support the End User
(DPC) volcanic risk monitoring and crisis management for
Italian Volcanoes.
• Improve scientific and technology research in volcanology.
Analyze and define the gaps between the knowledge
requirements and the current available technology.
• The SRV system should be built with characteristics of
compliance respect to the Italian DPC requirements and
operability
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Project philosophy is to implement specific modules
which allow to process, store and visualize through
Web GIS EO/non EO integrated products considering
volcanic activity phases defined within DPC
operations:
– Knowledge and prevention (K&P)
– Crisis (C)
– Post Crisis (PC)
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SYSTEM CONCEPT
OVERVIEW
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ASI
Responsabile
Contratto
Contractor
DPC
End User
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
coordinator of the project and scientific responsible
coordinates the ASI-SRV Pilot Project. The INGV responsabilities
are: Advanced Computer System
Galileian Plus
–Developing
of SRV system
supports
INGV and
to allusing
management
activities:
–Configuration
control
–Scientific
components
Involved
in the
developing of GIS module in order to explore
–Quality
control
Istituto
per il
Rilevamento
Elettromagnetico
Università
di Modena
e Reggio
Emilia
EO
traditional
products. The
GIS to
tools
permits
an easy
access
–developing
algorithms
related
the
final
products
dell’Ambiente
(IREA)
(DIMA,
DIMEC)
to the
end
users
to visualize on Web the final
products.
–product
assurance
– Integrate ground
network
dataalgorithms
and field measurements
–Transformation
of the
scientific
into quality
controlled procedure and visualization interface.
developing scientific modules to process EO data
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General development schedule of SRV
First Version:
• Developing of system infrastructure
• Ingestion module
• Central repository module
The development of ASI-SRV
• Utility functions
system
is based
on three
• Early
warning
and crisis
incremental versions of the
algorithms
Second Version:
system
and a research and
• Updating of first version
development
line
that permits
• Early warning,
sin-crisis
and
topost-crisis
follow
the
scientific and
algorithms
Third
Version:
technological
• Integration ofimprovements
R&D results
during
project life. data
• Use the
of COSMO-SkyMed
Versione 1
Sviluppo Infrastr.
Utente
Engineer. Algo (1)
Integraz./Test
Demo pre-op. V1
Prodotti
Engineer. Algo (2)
Versione 2
Integraz./Test
Demo pre-op. V2
Versione 3
Test Reports
Engineer. R&S
Integraz./Test
Demo pre-op. V3
ASI
Ricerca & Sviluppo
• Updating of second version
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Time
Processing:
Dissemination
Data ingestion
• S/S volcanoes Surveillance and
Central
Postinterface
Elaboration
Repository
GIS
Processor
and
visualization
eruptions
Early
Warning
• S/S Support to sin-eruptive
phase
• S/S Support to post eruptive
phase
Dati orbitali e ausiliari del satellite
Dati EO
DPC
Prodotti Finali
Satellite
GPS
Reti Sismiche
Ingestione Dati
Disseminazione
Dati di terra
Misure atmosferiche
Post-Elaborazione
GIS
Archiviazione Dati
Stime del danno
DEM
GCP
Modulo di Processamento
Dati rilevati sul campo
Modulo di
Supporto alla Fase
Sin-Eruttiva
Visualizzazione e
Analisi
Dati statici
Fornitori di Dati
Modulo di
Supporto alla Fase
Post-Eruttiva
Modulo di
Sorveglianza e
Early Warning
Sistema Rischio Vulcanico
Operatore
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Logical Architecture
Sources
Level
Processing chains
EO Raw data
Non-EOdata
Gis desktop
Product
Archive
and
validation
Scientific
Operators
DATA REPOSITORY
WMS
Server
Web browser
User
Level
End user
Products publication
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Direct download
TEST SITES DESCRIPTION
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It is characterized by an
almost persistent volcanic
activity, allowing the
generation of products
related to the sin-eruptive
and post-eruptive phase.
It is possible to provide
products also if no eruptive
events have occurred, using
EO data acquired during the
eruptive events in the last
years
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Mt. Etna – Volcanic activity (INGV-CT)
volume vs time
21st
Century
Central Crater
6000
20th
century
19th
century
Sea
5000
18th
century
Ion
ian
17th
century
5500
6
volume (m3 x 10 )
4500
0.3 m3/sec
4000
0
3500
0.2
5 km
m3/sec
The volume of erupted
products was very high during
the 17th century, followed by a
period of low activity lasted
about 100 years.
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
1.3
500
m3/sec
0
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20000101
19800101
19600101
19400101
19200101
19000101
18800101
18600101
18400101
18200101
18000101
17800101
17600101
17400101
17200101
17000101
16800101
16600101
16400101
16200101
16000101
yyyym m d d
Etna increased his effusive
rate progressively between
18th and 19th centuries,
culminating since 1950 in an
significant increase of the
volume of erupted products.
Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei
are representative to
quiescent phase products
analysis, especially
regarding the surface
deformation map
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Vesuvio - Volcanic activity (INGV-OV)
It comprises the older volcano, the Somma,
whose summit collapsed, creating a caldera,
and the younger volcano, Vesuvius, which
rises out inside of this caldera
Eruption of 1906
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Campi Flegrei – Volcanic activity (INGV-CT)
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The Campi Flegrei is a large 13-km-wide nested caldera located near
Pozzuoli.
It contains many volcanic centers that have been active during the past
30-40,000 years.
Today, there is no sign of imminent activity, although there are
abundant signs of the presence of a still active magma chamber in the
forms of solfataras, warm springs, gas emissions etc.
Frequent episodes of major
ground deformation in the
form of large-scale up- and
downlift of the ground
(bradisism); whitin a few
months it had risen by a total
of 3.5 metres.
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Vesuvio
Sites selection compatible
with the spatial resolution
of EO operative systems
Etna
Campi Flegrei
Frequent monitoring with ground networks
used to validate and integrate EO products.
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PRODUCTS PROVIDED
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The algorithms selected to for the EO processing modules have been analyzed
during the Feasibility study on the basis of the following characteristics:
Robust with a well proved scientific back ground
 High Adaptability to new space sensor
 Portability into an integrates system
 The algorithms were developed by the scientific consortium (INGV, IREA,
UNIV Modena and R. Emilia), this ensure the possibility to upgrade the
procedures and adapt them to SRV system
 Products partially tested in other Projects or INGV surveillance procedures
 Suitability of the generated products for the selected test sites
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PHASE
Knowledge and Prevention
EO PRODUCTS
GEOGRAPHICAL AREA
Multiparametric Analysis product
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi Flegrei
Deformation Map from DinSAR product (time series)
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi Flegrei
Surface temperature and Thermal flux from
Etna, Campi Flegrei, Vesuvio
Degassing Plumes analysis product
Etna
Deformation Map from InSAR product (sin eruptive)
Crisis Phase
Deformation Map from DinSAR produsc (time series)
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi Flegrei
Thermal Flux, Effusion Rate
Etna
Volcanic Plumes and Clouds analysis product
Etna
Deformation Map from DinSAR product (time series)
Post Crisis Phase
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi Flegrei
Etna and Vesuvio – Campi Flegrei
Volcanic thickness product
Etna
Ash and lava distribution map product
Etna
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EO Data
EO
Dataused
used
usedto
totoS/S
S/S
S/SSupport
Support
Surveillance
totopost
sin-eruptive
ed
eruptive
Earlyphase
Warning of eruptions
Products
Products
Products
Sensor - Satellite
Sensor
Sensor
- Satellite
- Satellite
Revisit Time
Revisit
RevisitTime
Time
Protocol
Protocol
Protocol
Deformation
map in C band
Lava
temperature
Deformation map in C band
Deformation map in X band
ERS-ENVISAT
ASTER
AVHRR
ERS-ENVISAT
COSMO-SkyMed
MODIS
35
gg-3gg
16gg
35 gg 4 h
16gg - 14gg
gg
Digital
FTP support/FTP
Direct Broadcast/FTP
Digital support/FTP
NA FTP
Lava
thermal map
flux in
Deformation
Deformation
map
in L
X band
band
ASTER
ALOS
COSMO-SkyMed
AVHRR
ASTERMODIS
ALOS AVHRR
MODIS
MODIS
AVHRR
16gg
-3gg
46gg
16gg
- 4gg
4h
1 gg
16gg -3gg
4h
46gg
1g
1 gg
FTP
NA
NA
HYPERION
MODIS
ASTER
QUICKBIRD
AVHRR
ASTER
ASTER
ENVISAT
MODIS
ASTERHYPERION
HYPERION
MODIS
ASTER
MODIS
QUICKBIRD
HYPERION
IKONOS
ON
1 gDEMAND
16DEMAND
gg – 3gg
ON
4h
35 gg
16 gg
gg-3 gg
35
1 gg
16 gg-316gggg
16 gg 1 gg
16gg – 3gg
gg 1,5gg – 3 gg
1g
1,516gggg
MODIS
ASTER
ASTER
HYPERION
HYPERION
HYPERION
ASTERAEREI
SENSORI
SENSORI
AEREI
QUICKBIRD
IKONOS
MODIS
ASTER
ASTER
1
16gggg – 3 gg
16 gg – 3 gg
16ON
gg DEMAND
ON DEMAND
16gg – 3gg
1,5gg – 3 gg
1,5 gg
1
g
16 gg -3 gg
16gg – 3gg
Surface Temperature
Deformation map in L band
Effusion rate
Volcanic
material thickness
Ash loading
Thermal Flux
Aeorosol
Optical Thickness
InSAR
deformation
map
Aeorosol Optical Thickness
Ash distribution map
H22O Content
SO
SO22 Content
Content
Lava
Distribution map
CO
CO22 Content
Content
SO
SO22 Flux
Flux
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Direct Broadcast/FTP
FTP FTP
Direct Broadcast/FTP
NA
FTP
FTP/Direct Broadcast ASIMatera
Digital
FTP support /FTP
FTP
Direct Broadcast/FTP
FTP Support /FTP
Digital
FTP
FTP Digital support /FTP
Digital support
FTP /FTP
FTP
FTP FTP
support /FTP
Digitalsupport
Support
/FTP
Digital
FTP
FTP
Digital
support
/FTP
Digital
support
Digital
Support
FTP
FTP
Digital support
FTP
FTP
The following algorithms have been selected to implement the EO
Processing:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Radiometric calibration module
DEM co-registration Model
Atmospheric Correction Tool CIRILLO
SBAS DINSAR
Emissivity surface temperature (TES-Q)
Thermal Analysis
AOT
Volcanic Water Vapour
SO2 content
Ash loading map
SAR deformation map (sin eruptive)
Lava and Ash distribution map
GIS tool and statistical analisys
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GENERAL PURPOUSE
SPECIFIC ALGORITHMS
GIS ANALYSIS TOOL
Ground and Atmospheric
measurements
1. INGV Observatories (INGV-OV and INGV-CT Sections)
2. Universitiy of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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DATA TYPE
SCEHDULING
ETNA
VESUVIO
CAMPI
FLEGREI
GPS
Weekly
(satellite
passages)
X
X
X
Leveling
On availability
base
X
X
SO2
continuosly
X
Video Cameras
Every 15
minutes
X
Geological
observations
Peridicaly
X
X
X
Temperature
Based on
Satellite
passages
X
Geochemical
(CO2)
daily
X
Atmospheric
profiles
Daily (3 times)
(doas/cospec)
X
X
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X
SRV SCHEDULE AND STATUS
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General ASI-SRV GANTT
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CURRENT PROJECT STATUS
1 - 30 MONTHS
AR-V1
June 2009
November
2008 TESTS
SYSTEM
VALIDATION
QR-V1
V1
CDR
PDR
SRR
January 2008
July, 2007
April 2007
STARTING DATE January 29 2007
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V2 – V3
FINAL REMARKS
SRV PROJECT IS DEVELOPING A PRE-OPERATIONAL SYSTEM TO
INTEGRATE THE MONITORING GROUND NETWORK OF ETNA,
VESUVIO AND CAMPI FLEGREI VOLCANOES WITH SYSTEMATIC
SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS (EO)
SRV SYSTEM INCLUDES BOTH SAR and OPTICAL PROCESSING
MODULES IN ORDER TO GET A COMBINATION OF INFORMATION
PRODUCTS AND DISSEMINATION INTERFACES HAVE BEEN
DEVELOPED FOLLOWNG THE GMES EMERGENCY FAST TRACK
USER REQUIREMENTS
SRV IS A MODULAR SYSTEM THEREFORE IT CAN BE EXPANDED
BY ADDING NEW EO PROCESSING CHAINS, MODELS, GROUND
DATA
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THANK YOU
A SPECIAL THANKS TO THE EFFORTS MADE BY THE TEAMS
PARTICIPATING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SRV PROJECT:
•INGV REMOTE SENSING UNIT
•INGV VOLCANIC OBSERVATORIES
•CNR-IREA
•UNIVERSITY OF MODENA (DIMA & DIMEC)
•ACS
•GPLUS
•ITALIAN DEPARTEMENT OF CIVIL DEFENCE (DPC)
ASI PROJECT TEAM
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