The Italian Renaissance

The Italian Renaissance
HWH UNIT I
CHAPTER 1.1
How does this painting define the
Renaissance?
Humanism
• Intellectual movement
• Modeled after Greek
and Roman culture
• Humanities: rhetoric,
grammar, poetry,
history
Petrarch (1304-1374)
• The “Father of
Humanism”
Classical Antiquity
• Revival of Greek and
Roman ideas and values
(art and architecture
too)
• Homer, Virgil, Cicero
Secularism
• Non-religious or
“worldly” (as opposed
to the Middle Ages)
Individualism
• Focus on the individual
as something worthy of
glorification
Why Italy?
• Rome
• Papacy
• Trade
• Middle Class
• City-States
City-States in the Renaissance
• Ruled by a wealthy family
– Usually merchants or bankers
– Generally despotic
– Patronized the arts
– Glorified their city-state
Florence: the Heart of the
Italian Renaissance
The Medici
Cosimo (1389-1464)
• Civic Humanism
– Patronage
– 600% of city’s budget
Lorenzo the Magnificent (1449-1492)
Savonarola (1452-1498)
• “Bonfires of the
Vanities”
• Expelled the Medici,
1494
• Executed, 1498
Portrait of Savonarola by Fra Bartolomeo
(1498), Museo di San Marco, Florence
Renaissance Art and
Architecture
Madonna Enthroned by Cimabue (1285)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Maesta by Duccio (1308-1311)
Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena
Madonna Enthroned with the Child by Cimabue (1286)
Musée du Louvre, Paris
The Duke of Urbino by Francesca (1472)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
The Duchess of Urbino by Francesca (1472)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
The Birth of Venus by Botticelli (1485)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Primavera by Botticelli (1485)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
The Adoration of the Magi by Botticelli (1475)
Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
The Procession of the Magi by Gozzoli (1459)
Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, Florence
Cosimo
Lorenzo
The School of Athens by Raphael (1508)
Vatican Museum, Rome
The Sistine Chapel Ceiling by Michelangelo (1508)
The Creation of Adam
The Fall of Man
The Last Judgment
Leonardo’s Notebooks
Madonna of the Rocks by Da Vinci (1483-86)
Musée du Louvre, Paris
The Last Supper by Da Vinci (1498)
Santa Maria della Grazie, Milan
The Baptistery in Florence
The Doors of the Baptistery by Ghiberti
The Sacrifice of Isaac by Brunelleschi (1401-02)
Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence
The Sacrifice of Isaac by Ghiberti (1401-02)
Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence
Brunelleschi’s Dome on the Florence Cathedral (1410)
David by Donatello (1430)
Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence
David by Michelangelo (1501)
Galleria dell’Accademia, Florence
Pieta by Michelangelo (1498)
St. Peter’s Basilica, The Vatican
St. Peter’s Cathedral, The Vatican
Italian Humanists
Baldasarre Castiglione (1478-1529)
The Book of the Courtier, 1518
Niccolo Machiavelli
The Prince (1513)