Sviluppi attuali di sensori al silicio in CSN 5

Highlights and perspectives
V. Bonvicini
V. Bonvicini
INFN- Trieste
INFN
Trieste
IFD2015, Torino, 16-18 dicembre 2015
Disclaimer
• What this talk will NOT be:
– A precise review of all
contributions/challenges/techniques presented in
the Workshop (impossible and, in my opinion,
boring…)
• What it tries to be:
– A summary of the scope of this Workshop, with
emphasis on some key points (my personal
viewpoint!)
– A path to the roundtable
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IFD2015
• Bring together the vast INFN community involved
in detector technology development: many
achievements/efforts can be extremely useful for
applications different from the starting one;
– Times have changed (and available resources too): we
cannot afford anymore duplications of R&D…
• Some strategic elements have emerged:
– Collaboration with the industries
– Collaboration with other Research Institutes
– Preservation and development of the know-how and
transmission to the next generations
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Examples of cross-fertilization – 1:
MPGDs
S. Levorato, this Workshop
As shown, MPGD are a world in fast and dynamic evolution, namely:
MPGD FUTURE
HAS ALREADY STARTED !
Applications:
• HEP
• Low Energy Nuclear Physics
• Neutron detection
• Rare events by TPC with MPGD R/O
• Interdisciplinary applications (Society)
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G. Collazuol, this Workshop
Examples of cross-fertilization – 2:
Photosensors
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O. Adriani, this Workshop
Examples of cross-fertilization – 3
Space
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Some important aspects:
timing
• Excellent time resolution is emerging as a key
issue in many physics cases:
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HL-LHC Tracking System
HL-LHC Calorimetry
HL-LHC Forward Muon Systems
HL-LHC trigger electronics
Detectors for high-brilliance FELs
Fast timing in ToF-PET
On-line monitoring of the Bragg Peak in PT
See e.g. N. Cartiglia’s talk on ultra-fast silicon
detectors development for 4D tracking
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Some important aspects:
front-end electronics, trigger and DAQ
• Detectors are deaf, dumb and blind without
good FEE, trigger and DAQ
– Greater design complexity requires shared tools
and knowledge
– HEP is still a dwarf compared to consumer
electronics…
• The signal processing function is a
fundamental part of a detection system… (P.F.
Manfredi)
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Collaboration with industry
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Collaboration with industry
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Collaboration with other Research
Institutes/Communities
• New technologies require collaborations
– Some technologies are in our hands, other are not
– Even for “our” technologies, cross-collaboration
and knowledge amongst the community is crucial
(this workshop!)
– A few examples…
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P. Lenzi, this Workshop
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P. Lenzi, this Workshop
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G. Chiodini, this Workshop
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G. Chiodini, this Workshop
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Graphene
• Possible applications interesting for our
physics:
– Scintillating bolometers for DM and 0DBD
– CMB (if the 60-600 GHz range will be achieved)
– Near Infrared Fluorescence (UHECR)
– Charged particle detectors
– Microelectronics
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Other inputs for the roundtable…
• Detectors for rare events experiments
– R&D on highly radio-pure scintillating materials,
new scintillators containing interesting isotopes
• Detectors for DM search with anisotropic
response (directionality of DM candidates
inducing nuclear recoil): different strategies.
• Alternative detection techniques for axions
(KWISPs, …)
• Dark energy: ideas?
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F. Forti, Elba 2014
Detectors are our eyes
• We, as a field, need to maintain and develop
detector expertise. Today’s detector marvels are
not automatically reproducible by the next
generation. Three essential elements:
– Training: organizing and stimulating participation in
instrumentation schools
– Experimenting: encouraging young experimentalists to
do hands-on detector work especially in smaller,
shorter scale experiments and R&D
– Rewarding: giving proper recognition of excellence in
instrumentation development in careers at
universities and research institutions.
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• Thanks to our Torino hosts (Director,
Secretariat, technical support, etc.) for the
organization and hospitality
• A particular THANK YOU to Nadia for the
incredible work done…
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Prossimo futuro
• Speakers: e-mail con istruzioni per i
proceedings (scadenza 20/1/2016)
• 4-6 pag. max
• Tutti sono pregati di contribuire al documento
del Workshop (draft entro 20/1/2016) da
finalizzare per What Next 16-17 febbraio
2016.
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Spare slides
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R&D sui rivelatori in CSN5
• Rivelatori avanzati, ma basati su paradigmi/materiali
“convenzionali”:
– HEP/Astroparticle/Rare events/Biosensors
– X-rays, Advanced Light Sources, PET/Medical imaging
• Esotici:
– Graphene
– SiC
• Uno sguardo al futuro
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Alcuni R&D “physics-driven”
More Graphene and other 2D-materials
New scintillators
Organic
Nanotubes (anche IC)
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Panorama attuale in CSN5 - 1
“Convenzionali”
• Sviluppo di nuovi sensori/elettronica per le
prossime sfide HE/HI:
– HVR-CCPD: hybrid pixel detectors on HV/HR CMOS
substrate (evolution of the MAPS) capacitively
coupled to the FEE
• Collaboration with STMicroelectronics; NDA signed
– SEED: development of CMOS sensors with significant
depletion depth and a high degree of local signal
processing
• Collaboration with Lfoundry (Avezzano) and FBK/TIFPA
• Access to Lfoundry CMOS technologies for both sensors and
VLSI design and production
• Complementarity with FBK
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Panorama attuale in CSN5 - 2
“Convenzionali”
• Sviluppo di nuovi sensori/elettronica per le
prossime sfide HE/HI:
• UFSD (Ultra Fast Silicon Detectors): thin Si
detectors with internal charge multiplication
– x  20 µm, t  20 ps
– Applications in:
•
•
•
•
TOF@LHC (pile-up rejection)
TOF with particle ID
Electronic microscopy
Beam monitor for particle therapy
ERC-Advanced 2014!
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Panorama attuale in CSN5 - 3
“Convenzionali”
• Sviluppo di nuovi sensori/elettronica per le
prossime sfide HE/HI:
• SCALTECH28: study of basic analog blocks in 28
nm technology node:
– Look forward beyond CHIPIX65 (rad hardness  1
Grad)
– Challenge: scaled technology devices have reduced
analog characteristics:
• Smaller VDD – VTH “room”
• Lower DC-gain
• Gate leakage current  parallel noise
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Panorama attuale in CSN5 - 4
“Convenzionali”
• REDSOX: Development of large area SDDs and low
noise front-end electronics for X-ray spectroscopy and
imaging
– LOFT X-ray space mission
– Applications at Advanced Light Sources
• PIXFEL : Enabling technologies, building blocks and
architectures for advanced X-ray pixel cameras at FELs
– active edge pixel sensors, low density TSVs
– 65 nm CMOS technology for front-end and readout
electronics
– in pixel data storage and readout architectures
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Panorama attuale in CSN5 - 5
“Esotici”
• R&D su sensori al graphene:
– GBTD (2013), collaborazione con TIFPA/FBK
– GARFIELD (2014, Grant per giovani)
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Panorama attuale in CSN5 - 6
“Esotici”
• CLASSIC (Grant per giovani 2015): SiC-based
Cherenkov light detectors with intrinsic
amplification
– SiC characteristics
• Eg  3Eg,Si (visible-blind, low leakage current)
• µ  3µSi (suited for applications requiring fast response)
• Suitable for harsh environments
– Applications
• Dual-readout hadronic calorimeters
• TOF-PET with Cherenkov light sensitivity (few ps resolution)
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Uno sguardo al futuro - 1
• Nuova fisica  Nuovi strumenti
– Settori di nuova fisica:
•
•
•
•
Dark Matter (WIMPs e Axion-like)
Neutrini
Dark Energy
CMB
• New technologies require collaborations
– Some technologies are in our hands, other are not
• With industries, other Research Institutes
– Even for “our” technologies, cross-collaboration and
knowledge amongst the community is crucial (this
workshop!)
• Young people…!!
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Uno sguardo al futuro - 2
• Possibili R&D di interesse per nuova fisica
– Rivelatori a bassa soglia (eV) (fisica di riferimento:
Assioni , Neutrini , Materia Oscura)
• Quantum counters
• Maser Amplifiers (lavorano al limite quantistico  sensibili a
energie di frazioni di meV)
– Amplificatori parametrici nelle microonde (fisica di
riferimento: Assioni, CMB, amplificatori alternativi a
HEMT)
• Basati su giunzioni Josephson
• Nuove tecnologie litografiche  regione delle decine di GHz
• Uso di varicaps  frequency tunability
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Uno sguardo al futuro - 3
• Possibili R&D di interesse per nuova fisica
– Laser di alta potenza e alti campi magnetici (fisica
di riferimento: Interazioni deboli con decadimento
beta inverso e diretto e proprieta’ neutrino)
• Laser con  1012 W/cm2  campi e.m. nel beam waist 
campo coulombiano
• Interazioni atomi-laser
– Frequency comb (fisica di riferimento: Dark
Energy, Orologi Nucleari su transizioni X)
• Per DE necessaria una sensibilita’  cm/s  yr
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Uno sguardo al futuro - 3
• Carbon/Metal nanotubes
– Coupled to “conventional” Si-detectors for
efficient light detection (up to soft X-rays?)
– CNT transistors/detectors
– CNT THz detectors
M. Shulaker et al., IEEE International Electron Devices
Meeting (IEDM), December 15 – 17, San Francisco,
2014
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H. Xiaowei et. al, Nano Lett., 2014, 14 (7), pp 3953–3958
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Uno sguardo al futuro - 4
• Detectors for rare events experiments
– R&D on highly radio-pure scintillating materials, new scintillators
containing interesting isotopes
– Development of new and highly sensitive cryogenic particle
detectors (TES, MKIDs, magnetic,…)
• Organic-based photodetectors
• Organic-based charged particle detectors
• New (and still dream-like) 2-D materials (but progress is
being impressing…)
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–
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–
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Silicene
Germanene
Phosphorene
…
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