Database Il linguaggio SQL RDBMS ƒ Sebbene di solito i dati di un

'DWDEDVH
,OOLQJXDJJLR64/
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
5'%06
ƒ
6HEEHQHGLVROLWRLGDWLGLXQ'%VLDQRPHPRUL]]DWLLQ
XQILOHRLQXQLQVLHPHGLILOHXQ·DSSOLFD]LRQHQRQ
LQWHUDJLVFHGLUHWWDPHQWHFRQHVVL
ƒ
(VLVWHXQ·HQWLWjFKLDPDWD 5'%06 5HODWLRQDO 'DWD
%DVH0DQDJHPHQW6\VWHPFKHJHVWLVFHODEDVHGL
GDWLHFRQFXLO·DSSOLFD]LRQHFROORTXLDLQPRGRDVWUDWWR
ƒ
8Q5'%06SXzHVVHUHXQDVHPSOLFHOLEUHULDRSSXUH
XQDSSOLFD]LRQHPROWRFRPSOHVVD
ƒ
,O'%SXzULVLHGHUHORFDOPHQWHRVXXQ·DOWUDPDFFKLQD
LQUHWH
ƒ
/·DSSOLFD]LRQHLQYLDGHLFRPDQGLVRWWRIRUPDGL
VWULQJKHGLWHVWR
ƒ
4XHVWLFRPDQGLFRVWLWXLVFRQRO·XQLFRPRGRSHU
LQWHUDJLUHFRQLOGDWDEDVH
ƒ
(·XQPRGHOORGLLQWHUD]LRQHGLWLSR FOLHQWHVHUYLWRUH
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
64/
ƒ
8QDFDUDWWHULVWLFDLPSRUWDQWHGHOPRGHOORUHOD]LRQDOH
qODSUHVHQ]DGLXQOLQJXDJJLRGLLQWHUURJD]LRQHH
PDQLSROD]LRQHGHL'%
ƒ
&RPHDEELDPRGHWWRTXHVWROLQJXDJJLRUDSSUHVHQWD
O·XQLFRPRGRSHULQWHUDJLUHFRQXQ5'%06
ƒ
,OOLQJXDJJLRGLJUDQOXQJDSLGLIIXVRq 64/
6WUXFWXUHG4XHU\/DQJXDJH
ƒ
(·XQRVWDQGDUG ² GHILQLWRGDOO·$16, GLFXLHVLVWRQR
GLYHUVHYHUVLRQL64/64/64/
ƒ
,QSUDWLFDLYDUL5'%062UDFOH0664/6HUYHU
6<%$6('% 3RVWUJUH64/ 0\64/ HFFXWLOL]]DQR
SURSULGLDOHWWLSLRPHQRDGHUHQWLDJOLVWDQGDUG
ƒ
$WWHQ]LRQH qXQOLQJXDJJLR FDVHLQVHQVLWLYHQRQID
GLIIHUHQ]DIUDPDLXVFROHHPLQXVFROH
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
&RVDVLSXzIDUHFRQ64/
ƒ
64/q VRVWDQ]LDPHQWH XQLQVLHPHGLFRPDQGL
VWDWHPHQWFRQXQDVLQWDVVLEHQGHILQLWD
ƒ
(·FRVWLWXLWRGDGXHSDUWL
ƒ ''/ 'DWD 'HILQLWLRQ/DQJXDJH
ƒ SHUPHWWHGLFUHDUHEDVLGLGDWLHPRGLILFDUQHOD
VWUXWWXUDWDEHOOHYLQFROLGLLQWHJULWjGLULWWLGL
DFFHVVRHFF
ƒ '0/ 'DWD 0DQLSXODWLRQ/DQJXDJHSHUPHWWHGL
IDUHGXHWLSLGLRSHUD]LRQL
ƒ 0RGLILFDUH LGDWLLQXQ'%LQVHULUHFDQFHOODUHH
DJJLRUQDUH WXSOH
ƒ ,QWHUURJDUH LO'%HGHVWUDUUHOHLQIRUPD]LRQL
YROXWH
ƒ
,OWHUPLQH TXHU\ YLHQHXWLOL]]DWRVSHVVRFRPHVLQRQLPR
GLFRPDQGR6LSDUODTXLQGLGL 4XHU\ 64/
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
(VSORULDPR64/
ƒ
3HUHVDPLQDUHLYDULFRPDQGL64/XWLOL]]LDPR
O·HVHPSLRGHOOHFDUULHUHVWXGHQWLFKHFLqVHUYLWRQHOOD
GHVFUL]LRQHGHOPRGHOORUHOD]LRQDOH
6WXGHQWL
0DWULFROD
&RJQRPH
1RPH
1DVFLWD
5RVVL
0DULD
1HUL
$QQD
9HUGL
)DELR
5RVVL
/XFD
%UXQL
0DULR
(VDPL
6WXGHQWH
9RWR
/RGH
&RUVR
&RUVL
1
&RGLFH
7LWROR
&UHGLWL
1
$QDOLVL
6
)LVLFD
1
/DE)LVLFD
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
6WUXPHQWL
ƒ
3HULQRVWULVHPSOLFLHVHPSLXWLOL]]HUHPRXQ5'%06
PROWRVHPSOLFHHJUDWXLWRFKLDPDWR 64/LWH
ƒ
64/LWH qLPSOHPHQWDWRVRWWRIRUPDGLXQDOLEUHULDFKH
SHUPHWWHFUHDUHHJHVWLUH'%
ƒ
2JQL'%qXQVLQJRORILOHFKHYLHQHPHPRUL]]DWRVXO
GLVFRORFDOHGHO3&
ƒ
3HUPHWWHGLRSHUDUHFRQXQVRWWRLQVLHPHDEEDVWDQ]D
ULFFRGL$16,64/
ƒ
&RPHRJQL5'%06DQFKHSHU 64/LWH HVLVWRQR
DSSOLFD]LRQLFKHSHUPHWWRQRGLODYRUDUHVXL'%FRQ
FRPDQGL64/
ƒ
8WLOL]]HUHPRO·DSSOLFD]LRQH 64/LWH 'DWDEDVH%URZVHU
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
64/LWH 'DWDEDVH ([SORUHU
$UHDLQFXLYHQJRQR
GLJLWDWHOH TXHU\
&RPDQGLSHU
FUHDUHXQ
QXRYR'%
RSHUDSULUQH
%RWWRQHSHU
XQRHVLVWHQWH
HVHJXLUHXQD TXHU\
$UHDLQFXL
YHQJRQR
YLVXDOL]]DWLLGDWL
UHVWLWXLWLSHUOH
HVWUD]LRQL
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
''/ ² &UHDWH WDEOH
ƒ
,PPDJLQLDPRGLSDUWLUHGD]HURFRQXQGDWDEDVH
FRPSOHWDPHQWHYXRWR
ƒ
/DSULPDFRVDGDIDUHqFUHDUHOHWDEHOOH
ƒ
8WLOL]]HUHPRLOFRPDQGR''/ &5($7(7$%/( FKHKD
ODVHJXHQWHVLQWDVVL
&5($7(7$%/(QRPHBWDEHOOD
DWWULEXWRWLSR>9LQFRORGLDWWULEXWR@
>9LQFROLGLLQWHJULWjGL
WXSOD@
>9LQFROLGLLQWHJULWjUHIHUHQ]LDOH@
ƒ
0HGLDQWHTXHVWRFRPDQGRSRVVLDPRTXLQGLGHILQLUH
ƒ 1RPH GHOODWDEHOOD
ƒ $WWULEXWL
ƒ 7LSR GHJOLDWWULEXWLLOGRPLQLR
ƒ (YHQWXDOL YLQFROLGLLQWHJULWj
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
,WLSLGLGDWL64/
ƒ
64/GHILQLVFHXQFHUWRQXPHURGLWLSLSHUJOLDWWULEXWL
FRPHDEELDPRGHWWRXQWLSRHTXLYDOHDGXQGRPLQLR
ƒ
3HUVHPSOLFLWjQHSUHQGLDPRLQFRQVLGHUD]LRQHVROR
DOFXQLWUDLSLFRPXQLULSRUWDQGRO·HTXLYDOHQWHWLSR
-DYD
64/
-DYD
1RWH
9$5&+$5Q
6WULQJ
Q
&+$5
FKDU
&DUDWWHUH
,17(*(5
LQW
1XPHURLQWHUR
)/2$7
IORDW GRXEOH
1XPHURUHDOH
GLPHQVLRQH PD[ GHOODVWULQJD
ƒ
$EELDPRHVFOXVRL ERROHDQL SHUFKpPROWL'%QRQOLSUHYHGRQR
ƒ
3HUOHVWULQJKHYDUFKDUELVRJQDLQGLFDUHXQDGLPHQVLRQH
PDVVLPDFRPHLQ&
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
&UHD]LRQHGHOOHWDEHOOHVWXGHQWLHFRUVL
ƒ
&UHLDPRLQQDQ]LWXWWRODWDEHOODVWXGHQWLHODWDEHOOD
FRUVLVSHFLILFDQGROHFKLDYLSULPDULH
&5($7(7$%/(6WXGHQWL
0DWULFROD9$5&+$512718//
&RJQRPH9$5&+$512718//
1RPH9$5&+$512718//
1DVFLWD9$5&+$5
35,0$5<.(<0DWULFROD
&5($7(7$%/(&RUVL
&RGLFH,17(*(512718//
7LWROR9$5&+$5
&UHGLWL,17(*(5
35,0$5<.(<&RGLFH
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
&UHD]LRQHWDEHOODHVDPL
ƒ
&UHLDPRODWDEHOODHVDPLFRQWXWWLLYLQFROLQHFHVVDUL
FKLDYHSULPDULDYLQFROLGL WXSOD HLQWHJULWjUHIHUHQ]LDOH
&5($7(7$%/((VDPL
6WXGHQWH9$5&+$512718//
&KLDYHSULPDULD
9RWR,17(*(5
/RGH&+$5
,QWHJULWj
&RUVR,17(*(512718//
UHIHUHQ]LDOH
35,0$5<.(<6WXGHQWH&RUVR
)25(,*1.(<6WXGHQWH5()(5(1&(6VWXGHQWL
)25(,*1.(<&RUVR5()(5(1&(6FRUVL
&+(&.9272!$1'9272
&+(&.127/RGH
6259RWR
9LQFROLGL WXSOD
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
$OWULFRPDQGL''/
ƒ
''/PHWWHDGLVSRVL]LRQHDQFKHDOWULFRPDQGL
ƒ
3HUFDQFHOODUHXQDWDEHOOD
'5237$%/(QRPHBWDEHOOD
ƒ
3HUULQRPLQDUHXQDWDEHOOD
$/7(57$%/(QRPHBWDEHOOD5(1$0(QXRYRBQRPH
ƒ
3HUPRGLILFDUODDJJLXQJHQGRHOLPLQDQGRR
ULQRPLQDQGRFRORQQH
$/7(57$%/(QRPHBWDEHOOD
$''&2/801QRPHBDWWULEXWRWLSR>12718//@
$/7(57$%/(QRPHBWDEHOOD
'523&2/801QRPHBDWWULEXWR
$/7(57$%/(QRPHBWDEHOOD
&+$1*(&2/801
FROXPQBGHILQLWLRQ
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
'0/
ƒ
'0/qODSDUWHGL64/FKHFRQVHQWHGLHIIHWWXDUHOH
VHJXHQWLRSHUD]LRQL
ƒ
,QVHULPHQWR GLXQDQXRYDULJDLQXQDWDEHOODFRPDQGR
,16(57
ƒ
&DQFHOOD]LRQH GLXQDRSLULJKHGDXQDWDEHOOD
FRPDQGR '(/(7(
ƒ
0RGLILFD GLXQRRSLFDPSLDSSDUWHQHQWLDXQDRSL
ULJKH GGL XQDWDEHOODFRPDQGR 83'$7(
ƒ
(VWUD]LRQH GLGDWLGDXQDRSLWDEHOOHFRPDQGR
6(/(&7
ƒ
3HUHVDPLQDUHLOIXQ]LRQDPHQWRGLTXHVWLFRPDQGL
FRQWLQXLDPRFRQLOQRVWURHVHPSLRSRSRODQGRODEDVH
GDWLFKHDEELDPRDSSHQDFRVWUXLWR
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
,16(57
ƒ
/·LQVHULPHQWRGLXQDQXRYDULJDYLHQHIDWWRFRQLO
FRPDQGR,16(57ODFXLVLQWDVVLq
,16(57,172WDEHOOD
DWWULEXWRDWWULEXWR«DWWULEXWR1
9$/8(6
YDORUHYDORUH«YDORUH1
ƒ
1HOQRVWURHVHPSLRSHULQVHULUHXQDULJDQHOODWDEHOOD
VWXGHQWLVFULYHUHPR
,16(57,1726WXGHQWL
0DWULFROD&RJQRPH1RPH1DVFLWD
9$/8(6
5RVVL
0DULD
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
'(/(7(
ƒ
/·LQVHULPHQWRGLXQDQXRYDULJDYLHQHIDWWRFRQLO
FRPDQGR'(/(7(ODFXLVLQWDVVLq
'(/(7()520WDEHOOD
:+(5(&RQGL]LRQH!
0$WWHQ]LRQHULFRUGDUVLODFODXVROD :+(5(VHPDQFD
YHQJRQRFDQFHOODWHWXWWHOHULJKHGHOODWDEHOOD
ƒ
(VHPSL
'(/(7()5206WXGHQWL
:+(5(0DWULFROD
'(/(7()520(VDPL
:+(5(&RUVR
$1'9RWR
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
83'$7(
ƒ
/·LQVHULPHQWRGLXQDQXRYDULJDYLHQHIDWWRFRQLO
FRPDQGR83'$7(ODFXLVLQWDVVLq
83'$7(7DEHOOD
6(7$WWULEXWR
(VSUHVVLRQH!$WWULEXWR
(VSUHVVLRQH!
:+(5(&RQGL]LRQH!
ƒ
(VHPSL
83'$7((VDPL
6(79RWR
9RWR
:+(5(&RUVR
83'$7(&RUVL
6(71RPH
),6,&$
:+(5(&RGLFH
/$
&UHGLWL
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
6(/(&7 ² (VWUD]LRQHVHPSOLFH
ƒ
,OFRPDQGR6(/(&7SHUPHWWHGLIDUHHVWUD]LRQLGLGDWDL
GDXQGDWDEDVHDSDUWLUHGDXQDRSLWDEHOOH
ƒ
(·LOSLULFFRHFRPSOHVVRIUDLFRPDQGL
ƒ
1HOODVXDYHUVLRQHSLVHPSOLFHODVXDVLQWDVVLq
6(/(&7)5207DEHOOD
:+(5(&RQGL]LRQH!
ƒ
(VHPSLR
6(/(&7)5206WXGHQWL
:+(5(&RJQRPH
5RVVL
0DWULFROD
&RJQRPH
1RPH
1DVFLWD
5RVVL
0DULD
5RVVL
/XFD
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
6(/(&7 ² 6FHOWDFDPSL
ƒ
3RVVLDPRVFHJOLHUHOHFRORQQHFKHYRJOLDPRHVWUDUUH
FRQODVLQWDVVL
6(/(&7FRORQQDFRORQQD)5207DEHOOD
:+(5(&RQGL]LRQH!
ƒ
(VHPSLR
6(/(&7&RJQRPH1RPH)5206WXGHQWL
:+(5(&RJQRPH
5RVVL
&RJQRPH
1RPH
5RVVL
0DULD
5RVVL
/XFD
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
6(/(&7 ² 2UGLQDPHQWR
ƒ
3RVVLDPRRUGLQDUHOHULJKHXVDQGRXQDFODXVROD RUGHU
E\
6(/(&7FRORQQDFRORQQD)5207DEHOOD
:+(5(&RQGL]LRQH!
25'(5%<
ƒ
FRORQQD$
FRORQQD%
(VHPSLR
6(/(&7&RJQRPH1RPH1DVFLWD)5206WXGHQWL
:+(5(&RJQRPH
5RVVLµ
25'(5%<1RPH1DVFLWD
&RJQRPH
1RPH
1DVFLWD
5RVVL
/XFD
5RVVL
0DULD
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
-RLQ
ƒ
)LQRUDDEELDPRYLVWRHVWUD]LRQLGDXQDVRODWDEHOOD
ƒ
64/SHUPHWWHGLIDUHXQ·RSHUD]LRQHFKLDPDWD -RLQ FKH
SHUPHWWHGLXWLOL]]DUHFRQJLXQWDPHQWHOHLQIRUPD]LRQL
FRQWHQXWHLQSLWDEHOOH
ƒ
,Q64/XQ MRLQ VLSXzIRUPXODUHXWLOL]]DQGRLFRVWUXWWL
YLVWLILQRUD)520 ² :+(5(FKHSHUPHWWRQRGL
FRPSLHUHSURGRWWLFDUWHVLDQLHVHOH]LRQL
ƒ
3HUHVHPSLRYRJOLDPRYHGHUHJOLHVDPLFRQDFFDQWRL
QRPLHFRJQRPLGHJOLVWXGHQWLFKHOLKDQQRVRVWHQXWL
'D6WXGHQWL
0DWULFROD
&RJQRPH
1RPH
9RWR
/RGH
5RVVL
0DULD
1
5RVVL
0DULD
1
9HUGL
)DELR
6
5RVVL
/XFD
1
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
'D(VDPL
(VHPSLR -RLQ
ƒ
6FULYHUHPRXQFRPDQGR 6(/(&7 LQFXL
ƒ /DFODXVROD )520 FRQWLHQHGXHWDEHOOH
ƒ /DFODXVROD :+(5( FRQWLHQHXQDFRQGL]LRQHFKH
FRLQYROJHLFDPSLFRUULVSRQGHQWLGHOOHGXHWDEHOOH
6(/(&7
)520
6WXGHQWL
:+(5(
ƒ
0DWULFROD&RJQRPH1RPH
9RWR/RGH
(VDPL
6WXGHQWL0DWULFROD
(VDPL6WXGHQWH
/DFODXVROD:+(5(SXzQDWXUDOPHQWHFRQWHQHUHDOWUH
FRQGL]LRQLSHUOLPLWDUHODVHOH]LRQH
6(/(&7
)520
6WXGHQWL
:+(5(
$1'
0DWULFROD&RJQRPH1RPH
(VDPL
6WXGHQWL0DWULFROD
&RJQRPH
9RWR/RGH
(VDPL6WXGHQWH
5RVVL
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
2SHUDWRULDJJUHJDWL ƒ
1HOO·HOHQFR GHJOOH FRORQQHGLXQFRPDQGRSRVVLDPR
DYHUHDQFKHHVSUHVVLRQLFKHFDOFRODQRYDORULDSDUWLUH
GDLQVLHPLGLQXSOH
ƒ
/HIXQ]LRQLVRQR &28170,10$;$9*727
ƒ
/DVLQWDVVLq
)81=,21(
ƒ
2SSXUH
)81=,21($WWULEXWR
ƒ
3HUHVHPSLRVHYRJOLDPRFRQWDUHTXDQWLVWXGHQWL
KDQQRLOFRJQRPH5RVVLVFULYHUHPR
6(/(&7&2817)5206WXGHQWL
:+(5(&RJQRPH
5RVVL
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%
2SHUDWRULDJJUHJDWL ƒ
6HLQYHFHYRJOLDPRFDOFRODUHODPHGLDGHLYRWLGL5RVVL
0DULD 0DWULFRODVFULYHUHPR
6(/(&7$9*9RWR)520(VDPL
:+(5(6WXGHQWH
ƒ
,QILQHVHYRJOLDPRFDOFRODUHLFUHGLWLDFFXPXODWLGD
5RVVL 0DULD XVHUHPRXQ MRLQ HODIXQ]LRQH 680
6(/(&7680&UHGLWL)520(VDPL&RUVL
:+(5((VDPL&RUVR
$1'6WXGHQWH
&RUVL&RGLFH
)RQGDPHQWLGL,QIRUPDWLFD/%