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America 1970’s - TODAY Government Deception
America 1970’s - TODAY Government Deception President Nixon • The Energy Crisis & Stagflation • Stagflation – high inflation & unemployment (U.S. $$$ losing value) • Energy Crisis – scarce energy sources & rising oil prices – OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries): hoped to maintain a high price for oil by controlling its production & sale – revealed how dependent America is on foreign oil – Project Independence (Nixon’s plan): end use of foreign oil… use Alaskan oil pipeline OPEC members President Nixon • Realpolitik – foreign policy of cooperating with communist nations – China – became close Allies & helped weaken Chinese support for communist war effort in S. Vietnam – Soviet Union – “detante” – limited number & types of nuclear missiles each country could have Watergate • office complex in D.C. (housing the Democratic National Committee headquarters) • burglary of camera equipment & secret electronic recording devices; burglars worked for Nixon’s administration • this incident led to the revealing of hidden illegal campaign contributions & dirty tricks used by Nixon’s administration (“Tricky Dick”) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWWA0hlUjK0 Watergate • “Deep Throat” – anonymous whistleblower • Woodward & Bernstein – journalists who reported the story • Nixon had all his conversations taped while in office; he was forced to turn over those tapes; he refused Nixon resigns • Gerald Ford, Speaker of the House, becomes President & pardons Nixon (disliked for this, does not win reelection) President Jimmy Carter • PROBLEM: economy & energy crisis!!! • Inflation & oil prices still on the rise… tries to convince Americans to conserve oil! • Reject realpolitik & pushed for human rights – giving less aid to former foreign allies & giving more aid to developing countries (ex. Africa & apartheid) – lost connection/”friendship” with Soviet Union – Iran hostage crisis Problems with the Middle East • U.S. got involved in Iran’s govt. in 1950’s & helped put the shah in power • in the 1970’s, Iranians rejected this shah’s power (western thinker) & wanted the Ayatollah Khomeini (a Muslim religious fundamentalist) in power • Iran hostage crisis – revolutionaries attacked U.S Embassy in Iran & captures 53 Americans (they were tortured) • Carter cut off ties with Iran • Americans blamed President Carter… Reagan in office • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fG1iCCS7gDo “Reaganomics” • supply-side economics – govt. could balance budget by cutting taxes – which would increase personal income & business profits… people would then invest their extra income into the community thus expanding economy & creating jobs • Reagan increased defense spending (military industrial complex), causing… – deficit – amount by which a govt.’s expenditures exceed its revenues Iran-Contra Affair • political scandal involved selling weapons to Iran (an enemy) & used the proceeds to fund the Contras (an anti-communist guerrilla organization in Nicaragua) • Oliver North – Reagan’s man who coordinated this • 2 evils America is supporting… why??? – Iran – in exchange for hostages & become “friends” with them again – Contras – fight communism in S. America • the affair is still a big secret The End to the Cold War • Gorbachev tore down the Berlin wall… symbolized the ending of the Cold War between U.S. & Soviet Union • But is it really??? President George Bush • War on Drugs – an organized effort at home & abroad to end illegal drug trade – using law enforcement to end drug use • The Gulf War – remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait (invaded bc of oil) & ensure that Iraq would not invade Saudi Arabia – Desert Shield/Storm – air attacks against Iraq • Success with the War on Aggression! • But Bush let Saddam Hussein stay in power… why??? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inN4noTRsU President Bill Clinton • American foreign policy = policing the world (ex. Bosnia, Iraq, Haiti) • “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” – his policy of allowing homosexuals the right to serve in the military • NAFTA • terrorism – Oklahoma City bombing & foreign embassies (ie. Africa) • was impeached for the Monica Lewinski Trial, but not kicked out of office NAFTA • North America Free Trade Agreement between Canada, Mexico, & the U.S. to form the world’s largest free trade area • has brought economic growth & rising standards of living for people in all 3 countries • has also brought more open immigration • What’s the border problem??? George W. Bush – September 11th – No Child Left Behind – increasing standards in education (teaching requirements, testing, etc) – Partial-birth Abortion – prohibits a form of late term abortion – Hurricane Katrina – 2005; costliest natural disaster in U.S. history; his response questioned – War on Terrorism – war to stop the spread of terrorism HOMELAND SECURITY – War in Iraq – war on stopping dictatorship, WMD’s, oil supply, spreading democracy – Patriot Act – tapping in to people’s phones, emails, & records to unveil terrorists NSA! 9/11 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmedslmeiUc • Al Qaeda, led by Osama bin Laden & funded by the terrorist group – the Taliban, attacked, by plane, the twin towers in NY, the Pentagon in VA, & one plane crashed in PA (supposedly on target to the Whitehouse) • estimated 3,000 people died • leads to War on Terror! • Afghanistan is giving refuge to these terrorists; therefore, a lot of fighting occurs in this country but we are NOT at war with Afghanistan – Iraq & Iran are completely separate issues!!! War in Iraq • supposedly had Weapons of Mass Destruction, but these were never found by the U.S. or the U.N. inspectors • Sadaam Hussein was found, tried by the U.N., and hanged by his own people War In Iraq vs. War on Terror TODAY: Barack Obama • Economy & Stimulus Package RECESSION & Sequestration • Guantanamo Bay – closing no STILL OPERATIONAL • War on Terror – continued – ISIS (Islamic State) • War in Iraq – ended 2014?!? • Iran – diplomatic talks • Obamacare later than Jan. 2010 Global Climate Change • change in average temperature & sea level • caused by: greenhouse gas concentrations, ozone depletion, pollution, deforestation, overgrazing, irrigation, etc. • Silent Spring – Rachel Carson’s book launched the environmental awareness movement • Earth Day – inspire awareness & appreciation of Earth • Rachel Carson – 1930’s; became 1st outspoken environmentalist • Green Peace – created to stop the U.S. govt. testing nuclear devices in Alaska; also got involved with global warming, whaling, and genetic engineering • El Nino – warming over Pacific; causes earth to react tsunamis Environmentalist Movement • advocate the sustainable management of resources and stewardship of the environment through changes in public policy and individual behavior • Started in early 19th C – grew into what it is today • Go Green! SUMMARY QUIZ TIME • 1. What international organization was established to create a monopoly on Middle Eastern oil? – a. MEO – b. NATO – c. NAFTA – d. OPEC • 2. Which president is responsible for: detante, realpolitik, and Watergate? – a. George W. Bush – b. Richard Nixon – c. Jimmy Carter – d. George Bush • 3. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the Iran Hostage Crisis? – a. It was caused because American troops invaded Iran – b. It was initiated by rebels who were angry with America’s involvement – c. The Ayatollah was behind the rebellion – d. The hostages were held captive for over a year • 4. Which president is being described? NAFTA, impeachment, Don’t Ask/Don’t Tell, Sex Scandal – a. – b. – c. – d. Richard Nixon Obama George W. Bush Bill Clinton • 5. The War on Terror started as a war against? – a. – b. – c. – d. Middle Easterners Jihadists Saddam Hussein Afghanis