NEW YORK Greek-Amerlcan Monthly Review J anuary , 1989

January, 1989
NEW YORK Greek-Amerlcan Monthly Review
· Υπαπαντή, 1 6ος αίώνω;. Μιχαήλ Δαμασκηνοϋ (Κρητική σχολή) Μουσείο Μπενάκη.
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ΥΟΡΚΗ
(ISSN 0742-4728)
"NEW YORK"
Greek-American
Monthly Review
JANUARY, 1989
νοι. χχχχιι Νο. ι (491)
'Ή ΝΕΑ ΥΟΡΚΗ"
Hanging lt Out in Public
Papandreou 's peccadίlloes may brίng hίs downfall
ΠME, DECEMBER
19, J988
τ
hese days the life of recuperating
Prime Minister Andreas Papaη­
dreou, 69, is mσl'e Hollywσσd soap opera
than Greek tragedy. His couηtrymen are
regaled almσst daily with tattle about his
highly public love affair with Olympic
Airways flight attendant Dimitra L i aηi,
34, and cσnteηtious divorce frσrn Americaη wife Margaret, 64, after 37 years of
marriage. Liaηi , ηοt Margaret, tended his
bedside during recent surgery.
Much σfEuropejσined in the snickeriηg last week after Papaηdreou flauηted
421 7th Α VENUE
NEW YORK, Ν.Υ. 10001
Tel. (212) 967-5017
Edίtor
•
and Publisher
PETER S. MAKRIAS
Fountkr
SPYROS MINOTOS
Conιribuιing Editors
Prof. E.L. BOURODEMOS
Prof. D.G. KOUSOULAS
Prof. ROY MAKRIDIS
EUGENEPANAGOPOULOS
ΤΟΜ SPELIOS
IRIS LILLYS
DJMJτRIS IOANNIDES
GIANNIS KOUNADIS
STAVROS GRAMMAτJKOPOULOS
CRYSTALLENILOUKAIDOU
LJτSA ΚΑΜΑTSOS
TULA LEWNES
Art Editor
NERRIE
CHRISτJNE
Αssίsιαιιι Αrι Ediιor
ΚΙΜΟΝ KATAFIGIOτiS
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Η ΝΕΑ ΥΟΡΚΗ (New York) the GreekAmerican review is pub lished monthly by
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4
Flaunting his young ladylove
Now Europe has joίned the snίckerίng.
lιi.s arnple young mistress aι a Europeaη
Cσmmunity surnmit meeting for which he
was
hσst ση
the Greek island of Rhodes.
the enraptured aηd graηdfa­
therly Prime Miηister with a miηiskirted
Liani were sρl ashed frσm Lσndσn to lstaηbul , where the Turkish daily Hii.rriyet
called Papandreou an "international
Phσtσs σf
laughiηgstock."
The rσmantic iηdiscretioη is just οηe
of the recent and la rgely self-inflicted
wouηds sustained by Papandreou. Α leftist whσ has dominated Greek politics with
a mix σfshrewdηess and populist passion
since takίng office in 1981, he may have
blown his chance σf winning another
term when elections are held by next
Juηe . Most pσlitically explosive is the socalled Koskotas affair, Greece's biggest
postwar banking scaηdal, which broke in
October, just as Papandreou was returη­
iηg to wσrk after σpen-heart surgery. It
has threatened tσ implicate two highranking gσvernrneηt officials and has
rσcked his ru1ing Panhellenic Socialist
Mσvement
(PASOK).
George Kσskσtas, 34, fσrmer chairman σf the Bank of Crete and clσse assσ­
ciate of high-level PASOK σfficials , is accused σf misusing mσre than $209 rnilliσn
in bank funds. Α key questiσn is how Koskotas, nσt loηg ago a middle-ranking
bank emplσyee, succeeded in building an
empire that comprised the ba.n k, five
magazines, three newspapers, a radiσ station and a popular sσccer fσσtball team.
The public also woηders hσw Koskotas
managed to fiee Greece while he was
under arouηd-the-clock surveillance by
an aηtiteπorist squad. Greeks blame the
government for botching the investigation. For his part, Kσskσtas, who is
awaiting extraditiσn from the U.S., has
threatened to reveal more high-level
wrσngdσing. He vσws , 'Ί arn goiηg to
throw them in a frying pan."
Support fσr PASOK, which won 46% σf
the vote in the 1985 ηatiσηal electiσn, has
plunged ιο 20% ίη Atheηs, half the pσpu­
larity base of New Democracy, the rightist oppositioη party. Predicts Gerassimos
Arseηis, a former PASOK econσrnic miηis­
ter: "Th.i.s is the end of Papaηdreou . The
recent scandals have finally helped to demythicize him."
New Democracy leader Cσηstantine
Mitsσtakis is confident he will emerge as
the ηext Prirne Minister. Unlike Papaη­
dreσu, who came to power promisiηg to
pull out σf the E uropean Comrnuηity and
ΝΑΤΟ as well as tσ remσve U.S. milίtary
bases from Greece, Mitsotakis leans tσ­
ward the West. "This is going to be the
wσrsι situatiσn aηy Greek Prime Minister
has inherited since the eηd ofWσrld War
Π," says Mitsσtakis , ηoting that his rnost
difficult problem will be to "restore the
econσrny, which is in total disarray."
Mσst σbservers, thσugh, feel that Greece
is fed up with σverbearing pσlitical parties
and persσnalities ση both right and left,
and may be headed for what is being
called the 'Ίtalianizatioη" σf Greek politics, a period of cσaliti.on gσverηmeηts.
Whoever becσrnes Prime Minister,
Papandreou's era is wiηding dσwn iη an
a tmosphere of disillusionrnent. These capers have already cost him the respect σf
h is cσuntryrnen and the credibility of his
government.
•
"NEW YORK"
An Appeal for Better
Recorded Music
By MICHAEL KARRAS
Ι was about fifteen years old when Ι
started to write music. Four years after
that, at the ambitious age of nineteen,
several of my songs were first recorded.
Twenty-five years have sped by since Ι
held in my hands that premier diskos
that embodied not only my musical
efforts, but my dreams.
During these last two and a half
decades much has happened in the\abyrinth that Ι know as the Greek recording
business, but there have been piddling
few significant contributions to the
Music, and Ι mean "m-u-s-i-c.. with a
capital "Μ", of my homeland . By this Ι
mean a solid repertory of Μ usic that has
a history and a future, a distinctive and
meaningful whole. Today Ι am in a position t o see clearly and state emphatically that the Ship ofCreation somehow
strayed off its course and wandered into
murky waters. The instructions given to
the crew were, to say the least, vague.
There were, in the past, certain fertile
musical periods, particularly the l960s,
when song was energized. Circumstances, not al\ pleasant, contributed to the
creative awakening- which was infectious. As Ι have often said, MANOS
HADZIDAKIS and MIKIS ΤΗΕΟ-
DORAKIS were the prime forces during this era (although both had started
earlier and by the time the '60s rolled
along they were already at full throttle).
lt was an exciting time indeed; new
composers, lyricists, and singers
emerged and, it seeemed at the time,
that the sound of Greece was going to
change dramatica\ly and for the better.
Υ es, so it seemed at the time.
During the years Ι lived and wrote
music in Greece, the problems Ι encountered were many and they were intricate. Ι can put the finger on the source of
Holy Image, Holy Space, an exhibition of
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The Center for Fine Arts in Miami, November 15,
1988 to January 8, 1989.
Please p1an to attend.
Ifyou're impressed by the works the
Greeks offered to the glory of God, you should
see the country He gave them in return.
Christ Paπtocr ator, late 14th century.
ΤΗΕ
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JANUARY, 1989
5
Who knows Europe better thcιn
a European?
Who has better knowledge of
where the most unspoiled scenery is?
Or where the best prices are for
meals and hotels?
Which is why so many Europeans are going to Greece.
In fact, in aπ extensive study;
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With good reason. F'rom columned temples to contemporary
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most of those problems, the one
impedement to a healthy progression in
music: the producers engaged by the
recording companies. They were, for
the most part, incompetent. Lacking
formal education in the field of music,
without an inkling of what was going on
in the arts in general, they proceeded to
produce albums, playing God with the
talents, personalities, and ideas of composers, lyricists, and singers, deciding
what music should be recorded and
what music was totally "unsuitable". All
in all, they ran the show, even as far as
making decisions about the way a piece
would be orchestrated. If you didn't
oblige, you were kicked off the stage
and, worst, sometimes blacklisted. It
was a dirty business.
(Before Ι go any further, Ι must interrupt myself and acknowledge two men
who have no relationship to what Ι am
about to say about the producers in the
Greek recording business. They, too,
are producers, but the only ones Ι know
who truly understand good music and
have demanded it all along: YIOR YOS
PETSILAS and ACHILLES THEOFILOU. My hat goes off to them.)
HADZIDAKIS and THEODORAKIS never came under the control of the
producers. Both had earlier achieved a
measure of success and each had his
devoted following. They spoke their
minds and, as additional comfort, they
each had friends in the political arena,
one on the right, the other on the left.
But not everyone has personality and
guts a la HADZIDAKIS or THEODORAKIS. Most music writers had no
choice but to go along, unwillingly, with
what the producers had to say; otherwise, they had little hope of ever celebrating the recording of their songs.
ΜΕ το
PETERS TOURS
ΓΙΑ ΕΝΑ ΕΓΓΥΗΜΕΝΟ
ΤΑΞΙΔΙ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ
Χωρiς Ταλαιπωρίες καi Τρεχάματα
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JANUARY, 1989
Tel. (212) 391-0200
(Back then there was no such thing as
"independent production", whereby the
composer is the producer of his own
album and the recording company
serves as distributor only. Even today,
independent production is rare.)
I
And how did the producers select
material? One question served as their
measuring tool: Will ίt rake ίη the
money? Each producer had his own idea
of what was commercίal and what
wasn't. When music was presented to
them, they would either accept ίt ('Ίt's
Commercial") or reject it ('Ίt's Not
Commercial"), but never was a clear
explanation gίven as to why they
believed one song had more potent ίal
over another and would be, as a consequence, more quίckly embraced by the
record-buying public. One thing was
clear, however. Most ot the musιc
recorded in recent years is unorίgίnal,
and, Ι would even go so far as to say,
cheap. Occasionally a truly fine song
comes through, at the composer's
relentless insίstence, as part of a deal,
during an 'Όff moment" for the pr~­
ducer. But if that song isn't promoted, ιt
won't be heard by the public and, in the
end, it will disappear, just as ίt had ne_v~r
been recorded in the first place. But ιf ιt
does make it, which just goes to show
that quality can most certainly be "~om­
mercial", then the producers hold ιt up
as a shίning example and ask the composer and others lίke hίm to co_me up
with something along the same lιnes. If
the formula works, use it over and over
again. Obvίously, this isn't very good
songmaking. Α η original is just that and
all that follows can't help but be little
more than poor copies. lnstead of
climbing higher, going off into new
directions and generating fresh, worthy
compositions, composers and lyricists
were asked to create clones.
Producers weren't able to discern
what constitutes an important piece of
music. They didn't think about the
development of style of music, the
direction music could or shouldn't take,
the future of music. Music, for them,
was 'Όf the moment" and had nothing
to do with enduring quality. Further
complicating the situation, in Greece
producers doubled as managers, which
meant that their energies went toward
establishing the performing artists they
represent. The more money the performers made, the more the producers
had to gaίn. As recording stars got
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richer, however, Greek songgot poorer.
Singers hung on every word that their
producers spoke - their professional
lives were totally at the mercy of the
producers. Just as the producers had
made them, so, too, could they shoot
them down. In time, most singers began
to use the same criteria as the producers
in their selection of songs.
In collaboration with the lyricists
who, too, were interested in the economics of the game, they blocked the
creative path of the composers, composers who wanted to push song forward, at least one measly step. So the
payoffs began. Pay the lyricists and
they'll provide you with fairly good lyrics, pay the producers and a song that
you believe in might very well make it to
the recording session. Cash was okay,
but assignment of composer royalties to
the producer would be even better.
Then, a nice healthy sum would buy you
some promotion.
The situation in Greece is now beginning to change somewhat. There are
some producers who, recognizing their
past mistakes, are taking a different
approach to their work. Some recording studios ίη Athens are up to par technically with those in the United States.
But what good is technological excellence if the music being recorded lacks
character? In the 1960s, the studios were
crude in comparison to today, but the
songs that came out of them were nonetheless superb.
Having said all that, now let me give
praise where praise is due. If it weren't
for a certain talented, totally committed
group of individuals in the music business, there would be nothing more to
say about Greek song. Among those
who stood their ground and demanded
quality are the lyricists NIKOS GATSOS, LEFTERIS PAPADOPOULOS,
DIMΠRI γιATROPOULOS, KOST AS KINDINIS, and SΟτΙΑ TSOTOU; and among the composers,
besides HADZIDAKIS and THEODORAKIS, are γ ANNIS SPANOS,
γιοRγοs HADZINASIOS, γ ANNIS MARKOPOULOS, ANTONIS
VARDIS, and, of course, MIMIS
PLESSAS. Two others who gave
greatly as both composers and singers
are KOST AS HADZIS and DIONISIS
SAVOPOULOS. And, Ι won't forget
my friend, NIKOS IGN Α τiADIS, who
recently left Greece to continue his
career in Europe. (There are worthy
names to mention as well in the category
JANUARY, 1989
ΗΑΡΡΥ
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9
of /aika, but, Ι feel, they belong ίη a
separate discussion. This style of music
is a given, although its quality, too, can
vary drastically.) In addition to the
above, there are younger composers
who are trying to create a new identity
for Greek music - an identity that wi\1
become c\earer as time goes on and they
have the opportunity to write more and
more.
It is about tίme that those involved ίη
the making of music revise their ways of
thinking and make bίg changes. They
must find a way of communicating better with each other and, ultimately, with
the pub\ic, which deserves to be given
something to hold on to and cherish,
not just something to snap their fingers
to ο η some weekend night. The public is
understandab\y confused, and the producers are to blame for the most part.
We must recognize a "bad" hit for what
it is, something akin to an evil spirit that
needs to be exorcised fro m the Greek
repertoire, where it has no place at a\1.
Production s hould continue on a
hea\thy basis, with respect and honesty,
in order to elevate the song to intellectual, emotional and spiritual \evels. Α
song must have meaning, it must be
pleasing to the ear, and ίt must be contemporary in sound. lt must, in other
words, be uplifting. And, then, it can be
"commercial" as we\1.
True creativity begins from the
moment we find our true selves. And
that takes a great dea\ of courage and
work. If all creative artists allowed
themselves to aim high, to aspire to the
best they can be, the resulting creative
works wou\d be glorious. History portrays us as one of the more significant
cultures of the world. Ι won't bother to
list the giants of the past, but consider,
for a moment, the works of more contemporary poets, such as NIKOS
KAZANTZAKIS, ODYSSEUS ELΥ­
τΙS, YIORYOS SEFERIS, KOSTAS
CA VAFY. Our responsibility is enormous. There's no place for the mediocre. We are capable of producing
meaningful works, but we lose sight of
our goa\s at times and other, baser
priorities overshadow our commitment
to the truth.
We al\ arrive on earth with a purpose,
some call it destiny. If we analyze ourse\ves, and we a\1 have the power to do
so, if we use simp\e logic and exhibit
compassion and understanding for our
fellow human beings, we can move
ahead. The Greek ego, which can be
powerfully creative, is often destructive.
Set aside the ego and concentrate on
achieving a better, far more significant
tomorrow.
Ι am a man born in Greece and whose
purpose is to produce music. Ι made
mistakes along the way, and I, too,
occasionally went along with the producer's game. If Ι ever again decided to
write music for Greece, it would be my
music, not something that Ι will be pressured into writing by one producer or
another. My purpose is to strive for
excellence, to look beyond the song that
Ι am writing at the moment and find a
p\ace for it in relation to what is going
on in the universe. It must give to the
listener, and, in turn, it will give back to
me.
Back ίη the 1960s, Plaka was full of
litt\e clubs or boites where new musical
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771 I FIFYH AVENUE
FORT HAMILTON STAτiON, Ν . Υ. 11209
Tel. (718) 748-2221 - Telex: RCA 276561
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ιο
ideas were born and delivered to the
public. Today, MANOS HADZIDAKIS presents young and talented artists
at one such boite, Sirius. Not far from
that club, also in the shadow of the
Acropolis, is the ancient agora. It was
on the podiums of the agora that every
citizen could, without fear of harassment, express his point of view, new
ideas and philosophies. 1 vote for a
return to Plaka, albeit metaphorically,
for a commitment to the truth, which, in
turn, will give rise to inspired works of
music and, in time, a musicallegacy. Ι
would say that we, a people who greatly
appreciate and, quite frankly, can't live
without music, deserve it. Wouldn't
you?
Γιά δ~ς τΙς dτομικtς κai συλλογικtς
κοινωνικές tκδηλώσεις σας ιιτ6 Ν. 1ttpσεΙJ
τeι.
(181) 189-5218, (281) -.mι
1200 NORTH AVE., ΕLΙΖΑΒΕτΗ, NJ. 07202
"NEW YORK"
The Chrysanthemum Ball a huge success
Archbishop lakoνos and Father Stefanopoulos wίth National Philoptoι'hos Presi dent Dionysia Ferraro,
the Cathedral Philoptochos President Froso BeyΔ· and members of the Board. Aιhens Ρhοιο - D. Kessoglidis
From left Philoptohos preJ·ident Mrs. Froso Beys welcoming the guests, Mr. Ted
Prounis, President σf the Holy Trinίty Cathedral, Presνitera Stefanopoulos,
Ambassador Michael Sotίrhos, standίng and Reνerend Robert Stefanopoulos. ln
the thίrd photographfrom lefι to right: Mrs Kay Papageorge, Mrs. Beys, Archbί­
shop Iakoνos, Mr. Dem. Contos and Mrs. Contos. ln the background Mr. Panagiotis Angelopou/os and Ambassador Papoulias.
Athens
JANUARY, 1989
Ρhυtυ
- D. Kessog/idis
Over 400 guests from throughout
Greater New York, the United States,
Greece and Jamaica attended the
annua1 Chrysanthemum Ball sponsored
by the Ladies Philoptochos Society of
the Greek Orthodox Archdiocesan
Cathedral of the Holy Trinity on
November 11 at the Plaza Hotel.
ιι
Held annually under the auspices of
His Eminence Archbishop lakovos, the
Ball traditionally inaugurates the New
York Fall social season and ensures
support for the continuation of support
to several local, national and international philanthropies by the Ladies Philoptochos Society. These include: St.
Basil Academy, St. Michael's Home for
the Aged, Neighborhood Coalition for
Shelter, lnc., the New York Hospital
Children's Cardiac Program and scholarships to the Cathedral School and
Holy Cross School of Theology.
Honored guests included Archbishop
Iakovos, Bishop Philotheos of Meloa,
Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Robert Stephanopoulos; Ambassador and Mrs. George
Papoulias, Consul General of Greece
and Mrs. George Assimacopoulos;
Ambassador of the United States to From /eft ιο right, Mr. Christos Daphnides, Mrs. Papoulias. Rev. Stefanopoulos,
Jamaica and Mrs. Michael Sotirhos; Mr. Ted Prounis, President of the Community. and Ambassador and Mrs. Soιer­
distinguished philanthropists from ho.ς. Siting, His Emminence arιd the we/1-known benefaι·t or of the Ecoumenical
Greece, Mr. and Mrs. Ρ. Angelopoulos
Paιriarchate Mr. Panagiotis Angelopoulos.
and Mr. and Mrs. Α. Angelopoulos and '
Aιhens Ρh οιο- D. Kessoglίdίs
Mrs . Dionysia Ferraro, National Philoptochos Board president.
The magnificent decorated ballroom, warm and joyful atmosphere
and abundantfiloxenίa was a tribute to
the tireless efforts ofthe Ball committee,
the Ladies Philoptochos Board and
generous contributors and supporters.
Welcoming the guests were Froso Beys,
president of the Ladies Philoptochos
Society and Mrs. Spiros Segalas, Ball
co-chairman. lt is difficult to single out
any individual for the evening's success;
let us rather acknowledge those who did
offer so much of their time and talent:
Chairmen, Mrs. Kenneth Gyllerstrom, Mrs. Stacey Polites and Mrs.
Spiros Segalas; co-chairmen, Mrs.
Ίhe pre.5ence of the younger set was especially prominent at the Ball.
Demetrios Contos, Mrs. Evans Cyprus
and Mrs. Alfred Johnson, Ball commit- vanos, Evans Cyprus, Penelope DamΑ Junior Disco attracted some 150
tee, Mesdames John Bender, Peter Cos- bassis, Christo Daphnides , Alfred young people from 10 p.m. on in the
talas, Don Franchilli, George Frangos, J ohnson, Anthony Kaniclides, DimBaroque room for music, dancing and
Michael Jaharis, Michae\ Lemos, itrios Kotsilimbas, Nicholas Kourkou- a Viennese Buffet. Co-chairmen were
George Matouk, John Moscahlaidis, tas, Pierre Papageorge and Michael
Lillian J ohnson, Rosana Lombardi and
Bess Nicholas, James Nicholas, Vasos Sideris.
Amelia Prounis.
Papaga pitos , Theodore Prounis,
Robert Stephanopoulos, Van Latsey
Κοινότης
1.nd Mrs. Patrice Tavoulareas.
Philoptochos Board of Trustees:
I! Αγίου Δημητρίου Τζαμέϊκα,
Froso Beys, President; Mrs. Nicholas
Christy, First Vice President; Mrs.
Οί μαθητές του . Ημερησίου
Demetrios Contos, Board Chairman;
Σχολείου καί του Γυμνασίου
Mrs. Nicholas Lyras, Second Vice President; Mrs. Evans Pernokis, treasurer
«ΑΡΧΙΕΠΙΣΚΟΠ ΟΣ ΙΑΚΩΒΟΣ))
εϋχοvται στά μέλη τής Κοινότητος
and secretaries, Miss Elizabeth Gabriel,
Mrs. Nana Miles and Mrs. Theodore
καί σ . ολους τούς όμογενείς
Yanos. Members: Mesdames Alfred
ΕΥΤΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
Allega, Gus Bubaris, Emmanuel Cara-
I!H
12
"NEW YORK"
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Olympian Bank
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(an
affilίate
of Olympian Mortgage Group, lnc.)
UCENsrD tv'OHCA:;ι: EAN'I.I:Ι? - NVS EWJKΙNG DEPAI?τMENf
The Offίcers and Staff of
0/ympian Mortgage Group, Jnc.
Wish You
aNew Year of
Ηealth, Prosperity, and Success.
The lncorporators of
0/ympian Bank
Wish You
aNew Year of
Ηealth, Prosperity, and Success.
INCORPORATORS
Brooklyn Office
512 86th S treet
Brooklyn, New York 11209
(718) 748-3500
Astoria Office
25-91 Steinway Street
Astoria, Ν ew Υ ork 11103
(718) 726-6100
Chaίrman
of the Board
Bob Κ. Bakalis
President and Chief Executive Officer
Chris G. Lazarides
Vice Chaίrman and Secretary
Anthony Μ. Bartholomeos
Directors
George G. Coffinas, Esq.
Kristos Karastathis, ΑΙΑ
Edmund Α. Nahas, Esq.
Peter Nakos
Α
Celebration of Greek Art in
Ν .J.
At a black-tίe receρtίon featurίng
bouzoukί musίc, Greek refreshments
and Dorίc-columned decoratίons, 450
guests at the Bergen Μ useum of Art and
Scίence welcomed contemporary Greek
art to the metropolίtan area. Neνer
before seen ίn the Νortheast, thίs collectίon from the Vorres Museum ίn
Greece, attracted some of the most
promίnent members of the Greek communίty, ίncludίng George Assimacopoulos, consul general of Greece;
Platon Kyrίakides, consul general of
Cyprus; Dr. E.S. Savas, former assistant secretary of Housing and Urban
Develoρment; and George Kouros,
director of the Greek National Tourist
Organίzation.
Guest of honor was lon Vorres,
owner of the exhibίt's 72 multi-media
paintings, part of a 1,000-pίece collectίon housed in the museum he founded
near Athens. He was on hand to officίally oρen the exhίbίt, greet guests and
explain the modern art of his country.
Governor Tom Kean, recognίzίngthe
cultural importance of the exhibit to
state residents, proclaimed the period of
the exhibίt to be ''Α Celebratίon of
Greek Art in New Jersey." Secretary of
State Jane Burgίo was present to read
the governor's ρroc\amatίon.
Other area dίgnίtarίes who attended
were Bergen County Freeholders
Rίchard Α. Mola, Barbara Chadwίck,
Charlotte Vandervalk and Wίllίam Van
Dyke; Ruth Van Wagoner, Dίrector of
the Bergen County Division of Cultural
and Hίstorίc Affairs; Councίlman
Mίchael George of Palίsades Park; and
Ν orwood Councίlwoman Lucy
Gorante.
The receρtion was ρlanned by the
Vorres Exhibition Committee led by
Chairman Helen Savas of Tenafly and
Co-chairmen Mary Thanasoulis of Fort
Lee and Gloria Duzoglou of Saddle
River. Committee members ίncluded
Mary Aρostolakis ofDemarest;Joanna
Argerakίs of Fort Lee; Helen Hondroulis, Elli Lygnos and Rita Mergemekes of
Tenafly; Sonia Kotopoulos and Angelikί Latsos of Englewood; Andonίa
Kotovos of Cresskill; Constance Lambran and Alexandra Samouilidίs of
Saddle River; Catherine Makrias of
Clίfton; Aspasia Melis of Cliffside
Park; and Stacey Sava of Leonia.
14
Some ofthe members ofιhe Vorres Exhibition Committee. From left, are Alexandra Samouilidis, Joanna Argerakis, Angeliki Latsos, Helen Saνas, Chairman,
Sonia Kotopoulos, Mary Thanasoulis, Co-Chairman, Rita Mergemekes, and
Mary Apostolakίs, in front of α Kataflgiotis painting.
Αι
the Gala reception are,from Jeft, Dr. Julian Hyman, Presidenι, Bergen Museum
Board of Trustees; Jane Burgio, N.J. Secretary of State; George Kouros, Director,
Greek National Touri.~t Organizatίon in Ν. Υ.; Helen Α. Savas, Chairman, Vorres
Exhibirion Committee; and lon Vorres, Founder, Vorres Museum.
From /eft, Mr. George Assimakopou/os, Consul General of Greece, Mr. lan
Vorres, Mrs. Assimakopou/os, The V. Rev. Germanos Sravropoulos, Chancellor
ofDiocese of New Jersey, Dr. Julian Hyman, Presίdent ofthe Museum, Mrs. Helen
Α. Savas and Dr. Ε. S. Savas.
"NEWYORK"
ANDRONICOS
AND
MACEDONIA
By IRIS LILL YS
In ancient Greece there were many
prominent men called Andronίcos. The
most famous was Andronicos of Macedonίa , a general under Alexander the
Great. Yet nobody knows about him.
Worse still, nobody cares. Today, however, in the city of Thessalonίke, there is
another Andronicos. His name is
Manolis; he ίs an archeologist and everybody knows him, and certaίnly anybody interested in the history of the past
- be he Greek or non-Greek - admires
him.
Manolis Andronicos has always been
well known in his field. But ten years
ago, because of his famous excavation
ίn Vergina and his discovery ofthe tomb
of Philip ΙΙ of Macedonia, father of
Alexander the Great, archeologist
Manolis Andronicos became world
famous. After such international success one would think that the professor
would take it easy and concentrate on
his teaching and writing. But it was not
so. When one's profession becomes a
passion there is no way to cal\ it quits.
So professor Andronicos kept on digging. And by doing so he again brought
to lίght objects of rare beauty.
If wasn't just luck - Rather, his rare
combination of ίntuίtίon and a deep
knowledge both of history and of the
terrain, that resulted last spring in the
dίscovery of yet another unviolated
tomb. Because it was a rather small one
ίt had not entίced the robbers. Thίs
tomb turned out to be a true revelation.
It contained a superb display of jewelry
never before seen. Because of this last
discovery the name ofProfessor Andronicos once again was ίn the limelίght.
Ι ran into Professor Andronicos last
summer on the beach of the Eagles
Palace Hotel at the foot of Mount
Athos. He was relaxed and full of the
good humour for whίch he is known.
Νο trace of the tedious work he had
been doing. He looked more like an
JANUARY, 1989
I
τhe
professor in his working outfit.
athlete training on his daily swίm, than
an archeologist who had just spent
months diggίng the gold of Macedonia.
lt was a perfect time to find out directly
from him all about his lίfe and hίs
career.
"Like everybody else Ι too had parents", began the professor in the usual
15
humourous manner which so endeared j
"Ι took my Humanities," continued
him to his students. "My father came the professor, "at the U niversity of
from the island of Samos. My mother is Thessalonike and intended to persevere
the very proud paesana ofyour Archbi- in my studies. But the war broke out and
shop Iakovos, having been born on the changed my plans. Ι wanted to get away
isle oflmbros. Soon after their marriage and join the army of Free Greece in the
the young couple migrated to Constan- Middle East. With this in mind, Ι voluntinople, and from there to the very pros- teered for an army post on the frontier,
perous (at that time) city of Prousa, at Didimothiho. From there Ι escaped
where Ι was born. But Ι was not to and, through Turkey, managed to reach
remain for long at this (as they tell me) Egypt and enroll in the armed forces
congenial, small town. The tragic catas- under the Government of Free
trophy of Asia Minor made my parents Greece ... "
refugees in Thessalonike. That is where
The blessed day of liberation from the
Ι grew up, studied and made my career.
Nazi occupation eventually arrived and,
So, naturally, this is my hometown ...
shorty after, Manolis returned home.
Α couple of years later Manolis and
Oly were married. Also at that time he
decided to take the entrance exams for
the school of archeology ..
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καi
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Tel.: (718) 278-1058
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Σύστημα
Ασφόλεια
Ταχύτης
16
Now his problem was to get a job...
"That was when Ι got my first stroke of
good luck," recalls Andronicos. " Ι
found a position as art instructor at the
foremost girls private school in town."
At this point, 'Όly" (short for Olympia) interrupted. She has been, for the
past thirty or so years, the deνoted companion and tireless helper of Professor
Andronicos. 'Ύ ου will not belieνe this,"
she tells me ... He had a class with more
then twenty of the most beautiful girls
in town, and what do you think he did?
He went for the professor of literature,
at the end of the
in the class
corridor... "
.
- Why archeology ? was my question.
"Ι guess Ι shall neνer forget the first
time Ι saw the Acropolis. Ι must have
been four or five years of age. Ι am sure
the roots of mmy deνotion to archeology were implanted at that time,"
relates the professor.
Passing his entrance exam brilliantly,
Andronicos believes he got his second
lucky break. He was assigned to the
excaνation ofthe most famous archeologist ofhisday, Constantine Rhomaios,
who at that time was digging at the site
where the first capital of Macedonia,
. Αίgαί, is believed to have been. Situated
: at the foot of Mount Pieria, close to the
' Aliakmon riνer, Vergina, as the small
hamlet is called, had been since the last
century an intriguing spot to archeologists. Professor Rhomaios was proba-
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bly inspired by the French archeologist
Leon Heuzey who, in 1876 wrote that
"those who rake over the same ground
after us and bring out work to completion should not be tired ofturning over
the confusion of debris to look for the
lines of construction buried below the
ground" ... The "confusion of debris,"
part of what nowdays is called the Great
Tumulus, inspired Rhomaios. He went
to work. The traces of the Royal Palace
appeared. A1so, an old cemetery with
tombs, probably all violated in antiquity. This was in 1938 ... Ten years later
his young assistant, Manolis Andronicos, had, as he said, the immense pleasure of witnessing the discovery of the
second intact tomb in the area, close to
Vergina. It was one of the most elegant
and most impressive, said the professor
years later. lt even had a marble throne
in the Main Chamber... "It was a fascinating time in our lives" interjected
Mrs. Andronicos." We were young and
Manolis was full of zeal. .. (Has he ever
been otherwise?) Also his admiration
for his boss made his labor more exciting. Of course we had to overcome
hardships, namely the comp1ete lack of
cornfort. For years we lived in mud
huts. Even our showers had to be taken
in the open under a tree while one of us
Ίhe
Gold Lnrnaca exhibited in the Museum in Thessalonike.
kept vigil for privacy ... "
Ι η 1954 Manolis Andronicos received
his Ph. D. in archeology. Shortly after,
he obtained a leave of absence for two
years, for post-graduate work at Trinity
College at Oxford. After getting his
English doctorate he returned to
Greece. Meanwhile his beloved professor Rhomaios had passed away. Andronicos was his natural successor. He
continued the excavation of the Royal
Palace and did some further digging at
the cemetery that dated between 1000 to
7000 B.C. and which was of great inter-
Wίth
every good wίsh for
the holίday season:
Peace on Earth and
Goodwί/1 to Α 11!
Senator & Mrs. Paul Sarbanes
andfamίly
John Peter, Mίchael
Janet, Paul and Chrίstίne
Auιhoήty:
JANUARY, 1989
Citizens for Sarbanes, S. Svolos, Trasurer
17
est. lt was a productive excavation,
though quantitative1y rather than qua1itative1y. For up to that time about fifty
tombs were discovered, but all had been
pillaged in antiquity.
exclusively fra
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Tel. (718) 238-3771
11220
FAX (718) 492-6318
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Ή έταιpία πού μεταφέρει δλ ο σας το σπιτικό
στ ή ν ·Ελλάδα καί σέ δλο τόν κόσμο
ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΟΜΕ ΜΠΑ ΟΥ ΛΑ
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Δωρεάν Έκτίμησις
Συσκευασία σέ ζύλινα καί σιδερένια
18
Containers
At that time at the University ofThessa1onike, a post for assistant professor
of archeo1ogy became vacant. Ν ο one
cou1d have wanted it more than Mano1is Andronicos. Neverthe1ess he continued his . excavation with the same
enthusiasm - with this one aim in
mind: an important discovery. Up to
that time the tombs discovered were not
of great importance, with one exception: the resting place of King Philip's
mother, Euridice. The rest obviously
be1onged to peop1e of neither substantial position nor considerab1e wea1th.
Where were the more affluent citizens
buried? And what about the governors
and, above all, the Kings? This thought
puzzled Andronicos for several years.
Meanwhi1e, in 1961 he was appointed
full professor at the University, but his
teaching did not prevent his from pursuing his dream - to bring forth tombs of
great va1ue that, according to him, had
to be in that vicinity.
In pondering over this, Andronicos
had a hunch. Α few miles away from the
Pa1ace stood a small hill. lt cou1d easi1y
be an accumu1ation of debris, a deposit
of unwanted earth. But again why
cou1dn't it be something of importance?
With his curiosity and his usual optimism the Professor went ahead. He
assembled his workers and all his assistants, and under the burning sun of a
Macedonian summer, went to work.
S uch was his anxiety that often he
wou1d bend down and with his bare
hands scoop the humid earth. It took
days of hope followed by disappointment. Finally one ear1y afternoon,
recalls Andronicos, a workman's shovel
hit something hard. With every layer of
earth removed, hope was getting
stronger. The professor, his assistants
and even the workmen, all stood silent.
Hope was reflected ο η their faces, anticipation must have filled their hearts. In
his own heart Andronicos was certain
he had finally found something ofvalue.
And he did. The famous go1d 1arnaca
with the emblem of Macedonian dynasty come to light. lt contained the
bones of Philip 11, King of Macedonia.
The discovery of the Great Tomb, as it
has been called, made wor1d history in
all the archeologica1 centers of the
wor1d. It also made professor Mano1is
"NEW YORK"
Andronicos world famous.
Throughout his career Andronicos
has received a number of distinctions.
He is a Jife memberofthe Archeological
Society of Athens; member . of the
Society for Macedonian Studies;
member of the German Archeological
Institute, and of the Explorer's Club of
New York; honorary member of the
Spanish Association of Classical Studies , past president of the Society for
the Promotion of Hellenic Studies in
London. He is also a corresponding
member of the Athens Academy, and in
1982 he received the Olympic Prize
from the Aristotle Onassis Foundation.
Now, after so much fame and publicity, one wonders how can it be possible
that such a man should be mistreated in
his own country. Because that is exactly
what happened. Last fall, after his vacation at the seashore, Andronicos, full of
vim and vigor, returned to Vergina
eager to continue his digs. What was his
surprise when arriving at the excavation
spot? The team faced a number of
trucks and tractors blocking the
entrance. The peasants of the village
would not allow them to continue their
work. They claimed they had nothing
against Andronicos. On the contrary
they liked him. What they did not like
was the treasures found in their land to
be taken away and exposed in the
museum of Thessalonike. They
demanded that a museum should be
built locally, which would induce tourists to visit the small village year round.
With this preposterous idea in mind
they were ready to build hotels, restaurants and boutiques - convinced that
visitors would drive to this remote spot,
covered by snow most of the year.
Andronicos and his team withdrew, losing a whole season of digging. At this
writing the matter is in the hands of the
government. And of course, as everybody knows, the government is in the
hands of God ...
Ι asked Professor Andronicos how he
felt about it.
'Άs you probably know, in 1983 Ι
resigned from the University. lt was difficult to teach and excavate at the same
time. So Ι figured that as long as health
and age would allow me Ι shall dedicate
myself to what Ι love most .... digging ...
So this stop to my excavation puts me
on the unemployment list." Actually it
is not so. Andronicos continues to write
and among other literary works he has a
regular column in the Sunday paper,
Vima.
1t is wonderful to see somebody taking a humorous attitude towards controversy. But deep down, it was not
exactly so. The professor was furious at
the mayor of the village who had, for
political reasons, instigated the archeological hold-up. Especially when he was
in the process of an extraordinary discovery interrupted during the summer
because of the heat. Α t that time an
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ΤΗΝ ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΑ ΓΙΑ
JANUARY, 1989
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untouched tomb had been found. It
must have belonged to a rich womanprobably young. Rich, because the
amount and the quality of the jewelry
vouch for it. Υ oung, because the artifacts probably used in make-up and
adomement had to belong to a woman
in the prime of her life. The workmanship of these pieces is such that the famous jeweler Ilias Lalaounis tells us that it
has been impossible to find out how
they were made, and no workman these
days is capable of reproducing them
because of the exceptional richness of
those jewels, Andronicos believes that
the buried woman must have belonged
to the Royal Family, since no commoner could ever complement her raiment with such heavy gold pieces.
Professor Andronicos writes in his
book on Vergina, 'Όη grounds of quality it is difficult to select two or three
objects that take preference over the
others. Each is a veritable work of art;
many are unique, not to be found in any
other museum in the world".
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And a last question to the professor, a
naive one Ι admit: Do you have any
proof that Macedonia was actually
Greek?
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'This is an undeniable fact. All the
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Greek or derive from the Greek. What
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"They" meaning, obviously,
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"NEWYORK"
FINDINGS OF
Α
POLL
ΒΥ
EURODIM
The Greek Political Scene
DIFFERENCES BETWEENPOPULARITY
AND GOVERNMENTAL COMPETENCE
By Dr. Panayote Elias Dimitras
The October 1988 survey allows us to qualify the impression that the popu1aήty data give: so, some politicians may
be more popular than the Prime Minister but they are no
match for him when compared for thejob Mr. Papandreou
now holds.
First, though, let us take a c1oser 1ook at the popularity
figures for the total sample and for the three 1985 voting
groups.
The former President of the Republic, Mr. Karamanlis,
is the most popular politica1 figure with a 66% positive
rating. Behind him, follow in popularity the younger
Messrs. Gennimatas and Evert with 53%. Α third group is
made up of the Prime Minister, Mr. Papandreou (46%), and
the Mayor of Piraeus, Mr. Andrianopou1os (44%).
Less popular than the above politicians are Messrs. Kyrkos (34%) and Stefanopoulos (33%), both still more popular
(or less popular) than the President of the Republic, Mr.
Sartzetakis (29%), and the leaders of the two main opposition parties, Messrs. Mitsotakis (28%) and Florakis (26%).
Finally, follow the leaders of two small left-wing parties,
Among the 1985 Nea Dimocratia voters, their party
leader, Mr. Mitsotakis (62%), is less popular than the party's
founder, Mr. Karamanlis (98%), and the two mayors,
Messrs. Evert (78%) and Andrianopoulos (70%). From the
other politicians, only Messrs. Stefanopoulos (41 %), Kyrkos (34%) and Gennimatas (30%) have a respectable
popularity.
Among the 1985 PASOK voters, Mr. Papandreou (81 %)
is more popular than Mr. Gennimatas (75%), whereas the
former President, Mr. Karamanlis (52%), is as popular as
the cuπent President, Mr. Sartzetakis (51%). Respectab1e
are the ratings of Messrs. Evert (43%), Stefanopou1os (34%)
and Kyrkos (33%).
Among the 1985 ΚΚΕ voters, Mr. Florakis is the only
really popular leader (85%), whereas Messrs. Gennimatas
(42%) and Papandreou (33%) have a respectable popularity.
When we compare Mr. Papandreou with four 1eading
political opponents, we see that only Mr. Karamanlis is
considered more competent as Prime Minister than Mr.
Papandreou (51% to 27%).
On the contrary, Mr. Papandreou is considered more
competent than Mr. Evert (38% to 34%), even thou_gh the
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21
latter is more popular than Mr. Papandreou (53% to -46%).
In the past, we had found simίlar results for Mr. Gennimatas
when compared with Mr. Papandreou: the mίnister is more
popular but is considered less competent than the Prime
Minister.
Naturally, Mr. Papandreou is considered more competent than the anyway less popular Messrs. Mitsotakis (49%
to 34%) and Florakis (56% to 20%).
Among the 1985 PASOK voters, Mr. Papandreou is
considered more competent than all four politicians, but
his score against Mr. Karamanlis is only 49% (to 21% for the
former President).
Among the 1985 ND voters, Messrs. Karamanlis, Mitsotakis and Evert are preferred to Mr. Papandreou by large
margins; the latter is nevertheless preferred to Mr. Florakis
by an equally large margin.
Among the 1985 ΚΚΕ voters, Mr. Florakis is, as
expected, preferred to Mr. Papandreou (77% to 8%); whereas the cuπent Prime Minister is still preferred to the three
Nea Dimocratia politicians; by a large margin over Mr.
Mitsotakis (67% to 3%), but by only small margins over
Messrs. Karamanlis (35% to 20% with 42% considering
them equally (in)competent and Evert (37% to 12% with
35% considerίng them equally (in)competent).
1t is obvious, then, that the popularity figures measure
likability, which should not automatically betranslated into
competence evaluation. Thus, there are many PASOK and
ΚΚΕ voters who like Messrs. Karamanlis and Evert, but do
not prefer them to Mr. Papandreou for the job of Prime
ΠΑΝΚΕΡΚΥΡΑ·Ι·ΚΟΣ
ΣΥΛΛΟΓΟΣ Ν. ΥΟΡΚΗΣ
Εϋχεται σ· δ λα τά μέλη του
καί δλους τούς όμογενείς
ΚΑΛΗ ΧΡΟΝΙΑ
ΤΟΥ ΑΓΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΥ
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Minister. Conversely, thereare some Nea Dimocratia voters
who do not like Mr. Mitsotakis but still consider him more
competent (or less incompetent) than Mr. Papandreou.
Furthermore, even the fact that a majority of Greeks
believe that Mr. Karamanlis would have done a better job
than Mr. Papandreou, had he been Prime Minister, does not
mean that they desire the former President's return to active
politics: we have given convincing evidence for that ίη- Greek
Opinion's August 1988 issue.
The conclusion that can be drawn from all the preceding
information is that, in fact, Mr. Andreas Papandreou still
dominates the Greek political scene, as there is no obvious
desirable alternative in the minds of a majority of the
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καί Εύτυχισμένο τό Νέο 'Έτος
AHIPAC
YOUR VOICE ΙΝ WASHINGTON
American Hellenic Institute
Public Affairs Commitee, Inc.
1730 Κ STREET, NW, Suite 1005
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006
(202) 659-4608 or (800) 424-9608
"NEW YORK"
Greeks. In a certain way, Mr. Papandreou's position with
the public at large is similar to the respective standing ofMr.
Mitsotakis among the ND voters. Both politicalleaders are
not inspiring the aforementioned public, which, though cannot (yet?) agree on the successors: as a result, ND voters
have resigned themselves to go to the next election with their
current leader, while most dissatisfied former PASOK
voters, still not totally alienated with Mr. Papandreou, are
unwilling to "cross the Rubicon" to join some other party.
Mr. Mitsotakis weak,
but without rival, in Nea Dimocratia
New Democracy's leader, Mr. Mitsotakis, remains a
rather unpopular politician. We have already seen that, in
the straight popularity list, he ranks ninth among twelve,
with a popularity rating almost half that of his arch-rival,
Mr. Papandreou. Besides, when he is compared with the
current Pήme Minister for that job, he also fares badly. In
both cases, his support comes almost exclusively from the
1985 ND voters, a fact that does not make it easy for ND to
attract a substantial fraction of the currently undecided
voters.
The data here both confirm and qualify Μ r. Mitsotakis's
popularity problem. First, his on-the-job-rating is very low,
as only 23% of those surveyed are satisfied with him as
Official Opposition Leader: even among his 1985 voters,
satisfaction does not exceed 53%, whereas only a mere 6% of
the 1985 PASOK voters (most of which have already
switched to ND) are satisfied with him.
However, when we turn to the New Democracy Ieadership question, Mr. Mitsotakis has no challenge among his
1985 voters, even though he does not dominate their choices:
48% of them prefer him as the leader vs. just 18% for Μ r.
Evert, 13% for Mr. Stefanopoulos, 8% for Mr. Rallis, 7% for
Mr. Kanellopoulos, 3% for Mr. Andrianopoulos, and 1%
for Mr. Palaiokrassas. Moreover, when confronted only
with his main rival, Mr. Evert, he has a clear lead of 57% to
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23
42% over him. Neverthe1ess, outside ND, Mr. Mitsotakis
scores very 1ow, as on1y a handfu1 of voters prefer him as
1eader among the 1985 PASOK or ΚΚΕ voters in both
questions: indeed, the non-ND voters may prefer Mr. Evert
when they have no other choice, but, in a mu1tip1e choice
situation, they opt for Mr. Rallis and Mr. Stefanopou1os as
much if not more than for the Mayor of Athens.
Final\y, among the 1985 voters, Mr. Mitsotakis fares
better when compared to Mr. Papandreou for Prime Minister (78% prefer him); then, in the simple popularity question
(62% like him), followed by his confrontation with Mr.
Evert for the party leadership (57% prefer Mr. Mitsotakis);
1ower are his percentages in the on-the-job-rating question
<?3% satisfied) and in the multip1e choice 1eadership questιon (48% prefer the current party 1eader for that position).
So, Mr. Mitsotakis' so1id base is limited to half his voters
but no one in that party is a match for him. We can therefor~
anticipate that, shou1d ND win thenext election, Mr. Mitsotakis' popularity will rise significant1y; on the other hand,
shou1d ND 1ose the election, he wίll quick1y become a convenient scapegoat.
The race for Papandreou's succession
In the fall 1988, for the first time in PASOK's 14-year
history, the question of who may replace the leader of
PASOK, Mr. Papandreou, acquired some importance, as
the Prime Minίster was treated in British hospitals while his
close associates in Athens were debating on the succession
hierarchy, according to the pro-government press. So, the
often used question on a potential deputy leader had more
ΗΑΡΡΥ
TheFO
The breakdown of the answers by partίsanship indicates
that Mr. Alevras' strength comes main1y from the 1985 ND
voters, who prefer him by 38% to 22% for Mr. Haralambopou1os and just 11% for Mr. Gennimatas (a mere 2%to 3%
went to each one of the other po1iticians). Among PASOK's
own 1985 voters, Mr. Gennimatas enjoys a 1arge 1ead over
Mr. A1evras (29% to 20%), with Mr. Haralambopou1os
third with 19%, Mr. Koutsogiorgas fourth ( 12%), and Mr.
Papandreou (8%) ahead of Messrs. Laliotis (5%) and Tsohatzopou1os (2%). Finally, among the 1985 ΚΚΕ voters,
Mr. Gennimatas enjoys his 1argest 1ead (33%), with Mr.
Hara1ambopou1os in second p1ace (15%), followed by
Messrs. Papandreou (12%), Koutsogiorgas and Laliotis
(10%); Mr. A1evras has the favors of a mere 8% and Mr.
Tsohatzopou1os of no one.
It is c1ear, then, that the Greek pub1ic prefers the moderate Mr. A1evras, the efficient Mr. Gennimatas and the loyal
Mr. Hara1ambopoulos to the flamboyant and controversial
Mr. Koutsogiorgas.
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24
importance than ever before.
In the pub1ic at large, three PASOK figures emerged:
Messrs. Gennimatas (26%) and A1evras (25%) almost tied in
first place, followed by Mr. Hara1ambopou1os (19%). Mr.
Koutsogiorgas, who apparent1y made every effort to present
himself as the heir apparent does not have the favors of the
pub1ic, being on1y fourth with 8%. He is followed by the two
younger 1eaders, Messrs. George Papandreou (6%) and
La1iotis (5%), with Mr. Tsohatzopoulos confined to a margina1 2%.
TEL. (201) 845-8850
JAMES SAKKAS, President
"NEW YORK"
ANDREAS PAPANDREOU: Portraίt
of a Modern Socialist
Excerpts from the Book" Greece under Socialism"
By Jeffrey Schaffer
Probably no Western politicalleader in modern times has
been more of an enigma to the outside world than the
present prime minister of Greece, Andreas Papandreou. The
Greek-born Papandreou received much ofhis highereducation in the United States, and acquired both U.S. citizenship
- which he held for more than 20 years - and an American
wife. Yet during his six years of leadership, the traditional
pro-Western, pro-American orientation of Greece has been
seriously undermined, as Papandreou has embarked on a
campaign seemingly aimed at discrediting the American
image with the Greek public. In carrying out this campaign,
he has indulged in a strident, anti-American rhetoric more
typical of an Ayatollah Khomeini or a Colonel Qaddafi than
the leader of a long-time U.S. ally.
How to explain this seeming contradiction? Many critics
see Andreas Papandreou as an unprincipled opportunist,
who has simply ridden the waves of a resurgent antiAmericanism among the Greek electorate. Still others, noting that he is a self-proclaimed Marxist, charge that he is
determined to eventually lead Greece out of the Western
camp in order to align Greece with the Third W orld, "neutralist" bloc of nations.
On the other hand, supporters insist that Papandreou is a
true Greek patriot, who sincerely believes that the long-time
Greek "subservience" to the United States and ΝΑΤΟ is
inimical to fundamental Greek interests. He is, they rnaintain, determined to do what is best for Greece, regardless of
how much his actions may offend the United States and
other Western countries. Finally, some observers note that
despite the harshness of his criticism of the United States
and his fulsome praise of the Soviet Union, there has been
no fundamental change in Greece's foreign policy alignment, with membership in ΝΑΤΟ and the European Community (EC) continuing, and the U.S. military bases
agreement still in force (albeit under renegotiation as ofthis
writing).
However, as an American journalist noted recently, even
Extrac:t from "Greec:e under Soc:ialism: Α ΝΑΤΟ Ally Adrift," edlted by
Nikolaos Α Stavrou. Published by Aristide D. Caratzas, reprinted by
permission. The name of the wrlter of thls artic:le is a pseudonym. As lt ls
noted Ιη the book, he has followed Andreas Papandreou's c:areer c:losely
sinι:e Papandreou entered Greek politlι:s in 1964. He has lived ln Greec:efor
more than six years and has visited the country numerous times during the
past 25 years. He ls a former U.S. Government Official, as the Publlsher
lnformed Η ΝΕΑ ΥΟΡΚΗ.
JANUARY, 1989
if Andreas Papandreou's continual criticism of the U.S. is
not followed by commensurate actions, it is, nevertheless,
"not only subverting Greek minds, particularly those growing up under his government, but also creating a mood
towards Greece that is of itself a new political reality."
Το the American observer, familiar with the longstanding, friendly relationship between the United States
and Greece, it is indeed unsettling to listen to Andreas
Papandreou's harsh denunciations of the United States for
its alleged sins, both past and present. His attitude towards
the Truman Doctrine, (the American Program of economic
and military assistance to Greece during the 1947-49 effort
of the Soviet-backed Greek Communists to seize power),
was set forth a couple of years ago in an interview, with the
CBS program "60 minutes". ln that interview, Papandreou
said that he felt no gratitude for American aid to Greece
after World War 11, nor would he answer the question of
whether Greece would have fallen into the Soviet camp if the
United States had not come to Greece's aid.
Papandreou's oft-quoted statements at PASOK's party
conference in 1984 are enough to shake the confidence of
any Western government relying on Greece to be a loyal
member of the ΝΑΤΟ alliance. At that conference, the
Greek leader referred to the United States as the "metropolis
of imperialism," (a term Papandreou has often used to refer
Season~ Greetίngs
Our good wishes for peace,
loυe and prosperity
go out to all Hellenes
ANDREW
Α.
ATHENS
National Chairman
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to the United States) and asserted that "the Soviet Union
cannot be called an imperialist power like the United
States ... It is a force against imperialism and capitalism."
Papandreou has repeatedly differed with his counterparts in
the EC on issues involving East-West relations. For example, he refused to go along with an EC resolution condemning the Polish government's suppression of Solidarity, and
he declined to join in the Coummunity's condemnation of
the Soviet Union for downing a Korean passenger plane in
1983 with the \oss of over 300 lives. As Andreas told the "60
Minutes" reporter, the Greek Air Force would have shot the
airliner down had it intruded into Greek air space!
Το try to understand the paradoxes of Papandreou's
behavior, it is necessary to look in some detail at his background to determine the major influences on his character
and personality. One key to explaining his actions as prime
minister during the 1980s and his ambivalence towards the
United States can be found in his years of residence in the
United States.
Another important - if not the most important - factor
in the development of Andreas Papandreou's character was
his relationship to his father, George. The relationship was
nearly shattered after Andreas's first entrance into Greek
politics in the \960s. This was the only period of their lives
that Andreas and his father had much contact with each
other. Ι have thus focused my study on the events of that
period and the experiences Andreas Papandreou underwent
during what turned out to be an unsuccessful entry into
Greek politics, ending with the overthrow of Greek democracy and the imprisonment of Andreas and his father.
Το gather the necessary information for such an examination, Ι have read most of the significant literature on
Andreas Papandreou's past. In addition, Ι have drawn
extensively on Andreas's own version of the Greek turmoil
of the 1960s, as set forth in his book "Democracy at Gunpoint", and, to a considerably lesser extent, on the book on
the same subject written by his wife, Margaret, entitled
Nίghtmare ίn Athens.
As could be expected, the views of both authors reflect a
strong bias in support of their own roles in the events under
discussion. Nevertheless, the books are valuable both for
what they say and what they do not say. As Erik Erikson has
pointed our, if one knows at what age and under what
circumstances a public figure has written his memoirs, then
one can judge "the less conscious motivations, which may
have led the autobiographer to emphasize selectively some
experiences and omit other equally decisive ones; to profess
and reveal flamboyantly some deed or misdeed and to disguise or deny equally obviouscommitments; to argue and to
try to prove what seems to purify or confιrm hίs historical
role and to correct what might spoil the kind of immortality
he has chosen for himself."
Fortunately, the conditions under which Andreas Papandreou has wήtten his first memoirs are known, and thus the
views he expresses - or does not express - can be examined in that context. Since he was wήting in 1970, only three
years after the military coup d e'tat that overthrew Greek
democracy, his memory of the experiences leading up to the
coup could be expected to be fresh in his mind. Even more
significantly, in 1970, when he wrote his book, Andreas
Papandreou had no certainly that he would ever be able to
return to Greek politicallife- or, for that matter, even to
Greece; this would depend on the longevity of the Greek
.. NEWYORK"
colonels' rule. Therefore he was undoubtedly more open
than would be the case were he expecting to soon resume his
political life. Not knowing what the future might bring, he
problably wanted to set the historical record "straight", at
Jeast as seen from his perspective. As will be seen, his description of the break with his father, and the reasons for it,
are strikingly frank.
Let us take a brief Jook at the basic facts of Andreas
Papandreou's early life. He was born in Greece in 1919, the
son of Greek politician George Papandreou and his first
wife, whose family name was Mineiko, of Polish-Greek
origin. While growing up, Andreas hardly knew his father,
since his parents were separated and he lived with his
mother. lf we are to accept Andreas's account ofhis formative years, as told to the American writer Nicholas Gage, he
was deeply affected by the condescending attitude towards
Greeks displayed by the British, American and other foreign
families residing in the fashionable Athenian suburb of
Palaio Psychiko, where Andreas grew up. According to
Andreas, this foreign attitude "aroused great hostility in
me," and out of this experience, he asserts, emerged his
slogan "Greece for the Greek".
Andreas became active in politics at an early age, joining a
Trotskyite organization then popular among some students
at Athens University, where Andreas was studying law. In
1939, when he was only 20 years old, he was arrested by the
Greek security police and reportedly revealed to the police
the names of some of his fellow student Trotskyites. In his
book, Papandreou insists that he gaνe to the po1ice only
information they already possessed, and asserts that even
this was given only after he was tortured and his jaw broken.
ln any event his arrest and alleged torture by agents of the
Metaxas regime had an important impact on Andreas's
subsequent attitudes towards the Greek establishment.
With war on the horizon, in May of 1940 the Papandreou
family send Andreas abroad, to the United States. (Α
number of other young Greeks 1eft during that period to
study in the United States and several were to return again in
the early 1960s to join Papandreou's economic research
council.) Haνing completed his law studies at Athens University, he entered Harνard's graduate school, and in 1943
obtained a PhD in economics. He joined the U.S. Navy that
same year, serνing as medical corpsman until his discharge
in 1946. While in the navy, he became an American citizen.
Following his discharge from the navy, Andreas returned
Harνard as an instructor in economics, and subsequently
moνed to the University of Minnesota. In Minnesota he met
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JANUARY, 1989
27
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28
his wife-to-be, the American Margaret Chant. Andreas was
then married to a Greek-American, Christina Rassias, and
Margaret at the time was involved with another man, whom
she later married. Margaret later got a divorce (after six
months of marriage) as did Paρandreou, and they were
married in Nevada in August 1951. Shortly thereafter,
Andreas returned to Greece on a visit for the first time since
his departure in 1940.
While at Minnesota Andreas took his first plunge into
American ρolitics, suρporting the 1948 presidential candidacy of Henry Wallace, leader of the Ieftist Progressive
party, and then, in 1952, the Democratic party presidential
candidate, Adlai Stevenson. The Papandreous moved to the
University of California at Berkeley in 1954, where for a
time Andreas was chairman of the economics department.
Meanwhile, Andreas's father, George Papandreou, had
been having an active and largely successful political career
in Greece. By the end of World War 11, George Papandreou
had become head of the Greek government in exile in Cairo;
in the fall of 1944 he returned to Greece as prime minister.
With British backing, he fought off the initial Communist
takeover attempt ίη December 1944. Throughout the forties
and into early fifties, he was a membera of various governments, serving ίη several ministerial capacities.
In 1954 Andreas decided to take temporary leave of
absence from the University of California to return to
Greece ο η a Guggenheim and Fulbright fellowship to undertake a study ofthe Greek economy. An underlying purpose
was to see his father, whom he had seen only once in the
previous 20 years. ln his book, Andreas describes the purpose of his visit as follows:
My principal reason for returning howeνer, was a purely perso nal one. Ι wanted to get to know my father again, this time in a
mature way. Ι had always had a deep respect for George Papandreou, of course, as well as an abiding filial loνe. But Ι had neνer
gotten to know him real1y well. My memories of him were those of
an adolescent, and my thoughts of him were circumscribed by the
limitations that context imposed.
Andreas's study of the Greek economy made a favorable
impression on the then prime minister, Constantine Karamanlis, Ieader of the conservative National Radical Union
Party (ERE), who asked the young Papandreou to set up an
economic research center in Athens that would assist in the
modernization ofthe Greek economy. Andreas agreed , and
he retumed again to Greece in 1961.
By this time, George Papandreou had become the leader
of Greece's largest opposition party, the Center Union (ΕΚ) ,
and in the November 1963 parliamentary elections, his party
won a plurality at the polls and George Papandreou was
named prime minister. The elder Papandreou had tried,
following his son's initial retum to Greece, to persuade
Andreas to enter Greek politics, but his efforts met with no
success, since Andreas was well aware of the vagaries of
Greek political life, and had little desire to abandor his
secure academic position at Berkeley for uncertain political
future - particularly since he had never even run for a
major political office.
However, his father's electoral victory ίη 1963 changed
the picture considerably; George Papandreou was now
prime minister, and since he was unable to obtain a Jasting
majority in Parliament, new elections were scheduled for
early 1964. Given the "bandwagon" psychology that his
upset victory in November 1963 was expected to engender in
"NEW YORK"
the forthcoming elections, it was considered a near certainly
that Papandreou's Center Union party would be returned to
office with an even larger margin on victory.
It was at this stage, when he was 44 years of age, that
Andreas Papandreou made the crucial decision to enter
Greek politics, which necessitated resigning his tenured post
at Berkeley as well as (ultimately) relinquishing the American citizenship that he had held for more that 20 years.
Entering Greek politics might appear to have been adifficult
and risky undertaking since Andreas Papandreou was relatively unknown in Greece at the time, but a major buίld-up
was undertaken to create a positive image from him. It was
decided that he would stand for Parliament in his father's
home constituency of Patras (Achaia), while George Papandreou, who was sure of reelection wherever he ran, would
campaign out of Athens. The result was never in doubt; the
party achieved a majority nation-wide and Andreas let the
party's ticket in Patras. The younger Papandreou was the
appointed minister to the prime minister in his father's
cabinet in March 1964.
In naming his son to the cabinet, George Papandreou had
promoted Andreas over the heads of many in the party who
had been his supporters over the years, and who had far
more political experience than Andreas who, in fact, had
none. Yet there was initially relatively little opposition
within the party to the appointment, which seemed quite
natural to most Greeks. It was frequently noted by Papandreou supporters that only a couple of years earlier, U.S.
president John F. Kennedy had named his brother to a post
in his cabinet; moreover, nepotism had traditionally been
more or less accepted ίη Greek politicallife as a natural spoil
of victory.
Moreover, Andreas Papandreou's cabinet appointment
was welcomed by many Greek and foreign observers as a
positive development, suggesting as it did a break with
"politics as usual". Given his training in economics, Andreas
seemed well qualified to assist Greece's economic and social
development. It was anticipated that he would attract
around him a number of young, bright Western-trained
economists who could assist him in coping with the problems that had hindered Greece from emerging fully from the
status of a developing nation. Expectations were high, and
some even suggested that with Andreas and his coterie,
Greece would have its own version of "Camelot."
Trouble begins
However it was not long before problems began to aήse
which were' to dissipate the initial enthusiasm greeting
Andreas's entry into Greek politics. As might have been
anticipated, one of the prob~ems centered ο~ And~ea.s's lack
of political experience. In hιs book he descrιbes hιs fιrst few
days as a minister, when he was conf~onted by hordes of
constituents seeking jobs, work permιts, and other such
favors which, because of the traditional ineptness of the
government bureaucracy, frequently required the interce~­
sion of a member of Parliament or at least the use of hιs
name. As Andreas describes in his book his reactions to
these importunities:
Ι was not quite ready for this torrent of personal requests . Ι
agreed to do what Ι could, always subject to t~e ?roviso_ that the
request was legitimate, but deep down I had a.sιnkιngfeelιn~. W~s
this what politics was about? And were Ι to frι~ter away ~y.tιme ιn
this fashion would Ι be able to contibute anythι ng to the νιsιοn of a
new Greece that had led me into politics? Ι slept little ...
Α hallmark of Andreas Papandreou's style from the
outset of his entry into po\itics was tendency towards confrontation rather than accommodation or compromise
when meeting opposition. This tendency not only placed
him in continuing controversy with his opponets outside the
party, but also made him a disruptive force within the party.
Thus, Andreas began feuding with various Center Union
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29
figures, including some close to his father. It was also at this
point that Andreas's proclivity to view political dynamics in
a conspiratorial framework began to manifest itself. Those
who made their Iiving peddling rumors around the Athenian
political world soon learned that Andreas was an avid consumer of such reports, particular\y when they concerned
him, at they often did. This tendency towards a "conspiracy"
theory of politics is rather puzzling, since it seems completely at variance with the rigorous, scientific approach
expected of a prominent economist. Ι η any event, Andreas's
behaviour gradually began to strain his relations with some
of the Greek-American social scientists who had followed
him to Greece.
Ι t was also at this time that Andreas Papandreou became
embroiled in a dispute with the American government over
U.S. broadcasting rights in Greece, rights that had been
obtained by agreement wίth a previous government, and in
exchange for which the United States had supplied Greece
with a major share of ίts transmitting eq uipment. The details
of the controversy are too complicated to be discussed in
detail, but the affair was a clear indication that with Andreas
Papandreou playing a major role in the new Greek government, the traditionally close U.S.-Greek relations would be
strained.
Because of the broadcasting dispute, the director of the
United States Information Service (who was ο η home leave)
was discouraged from returning to his post; as Margaret
Papandreou described it in her book, (with more than a
small trace of pride), "it was the first time since World War
11 that an A merican officia l had become persona non grata
in a Western European Country." However, some observers
suggested that because of his 20-odd years of American
residence (and his U.S.citizenship), Andreas needed to demonstrate that his allegiance was to Greece and not to the
United States, and the dispute over broadcasting rights
provided the opportunity.
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The Cyprus Issue
American relations wit h Andreas Papandreou were
further strained by the long-simmering Cyprus problem,
which had flared up again in December of 1963, and which
was to plague the government of George Papandreou
throughout its term in office. In his book, Andreas suggests
that is was in large part due to the Cyprus problem that the
Papandreou government was forced to leave power a little
more than a year after coming into office. As Andreas
discribed it:
The threat of war over Cyprus was to absorb much of the
attention and effort of George Papandreou. Furthermore, it was
destined to bring the Center Union government into sharp conflict
with Washington and thus pave the way for its eventua\ overthrow
by the king.
The disagreement with the United States over Cyprus
during the mid-sixties can be briefly summarized as follows:
Greek Turkish tensions over Cyprus were intensifying;
the United States, anxious to avoid a war between two
ΝΑ ΤΟ allies (which would be fought with equipment supplied by the United States to deter a Warsaw Pact attack),
developed the 'Άcheson P lan," which provided for union
(enosίs) of Cyprus with Greece in exchange for a leased
Turkish military base on the island.
Negotiations in Geneva on the Acheson Plan took place
under the shado w of Turkish preparation to invade the
island. (indeed, the Turkish Air Force carried out bombing
raids on the island in early 1964.) For a time it seemed that
agreement was near ο η the plan, but at the last minute Prime
Minister George Papandreou rejected the plan and the Geneva negotiations were broken off.
Of principal interest in this history in And reas's role in
persuading his father to reject the Acheson Plan, which in
retrospect appears to be far more favora ble to Greek and
Greek / Cypriot interests that any settlement Greece could
hope to achieve today. Ι η an interview in October 1964 with
a journalist from the French Joumal Le Monde, Andreas
revealed that he had been instrumental in securing the rejection of the Acheson Plan. T his admissio n attracted considerable attention in Greek political circles, since it seemed to
confirm the suspicion that Andreas was more than j ust one
of his father's advisors - he was the advisor, even ση
matters of foreign policy. Andreas himself has written that,
as a result of the furor over his role in the Cyprus question,
"there was no doubt that Ι had put the prime minister in a
difficult position just as there was no do ubt that Ι was
becoming a source of serious friction between the government a nd the Americans in Greece."
While Andreas Papandreou undoubtedly scored points
with sectors of the Greek electorate by "standing tall"' on
Cyprus and rejectίng any compromise with Turkey over the
island, the reality was that only the United States could deter
t he larger and more powerful Turkey from invading Cyprus.
Το do this the United States exerted considerable pressure
on Ankara not to move militarily, and this pressure was
exerted at considerable cost to the United States' reputation
in Turkey.
PART 11:
ΙΝ ΤΗΕ
FEBRUARY ISSUE
"NEW YORK"
Papandreou Embroiled
in Love, Money
Mistress, Bank Case Scandalize Greeks
By Edward Cody
τhe Washingιon Ροsι,
Dec. 2, 1988
ATHENS - Something seems to
have gone very wrong here.
Greeks thought they had seen it all
when Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou, 69 years old and suffering from a
bad heart, began to flaunt his 34-yearold mistress, Dimitra (Mimi) Liani, a
buxom former stewardess ση Olympic
Airways.
But that tumed out to be only the
beginning.
Papandreou spent two months in
London this fall for triple-bypass heart
surgery without namίng anyone to mind
the country back home. Instead, with
Lίani at his sίde and hίs American-born
wife, Margaret, 64, left behίnd in
Athens, he sought to run the government by long-distance telephone.
And hardly had the convalescing
Papandreou retumed home, able to
work only a few hours a day, when the
bίggest financial and politίcal scandal ίη
Greece's postwar history splashed onto
the front pages of Athens newspapers.
Sίnce then, two minίsters have been
forced to resign under a cloud. Α third
quίt only days after beίng appoίnted in a
government reshuffle last week. And
two deputy mίnisters were fιred Tuesday for urgίng a house-cleaning.
Even Papandreou's son George, who
is education mίnister, was reported
today to be considering resίgnatίon.
"People do not understand," saίd Helen
Vlachos, former publisher of the newspaper Kathimerinί and at 75 the grande
dame of Greek journalism. "Ν ot believing in a polίtίcίan is one thίng. But finding yourself with a 69-year-old lovelorn
chίld, that ίs another."
Opposition leaders have charged that
Papandreou's leftist government and
his Panhellenic Socialίst Unίon, known
as Pasok, are falling into paralysis,
unable or unwίllίng to deal with the
scandal. Despite Papandreou's reputa-
JANUARY, 1989
τhe
Prime Minister in Athens, after hίs operation, wίth hίs mistress Dίmίtra Lianί,
speaking to reporters.
tion as a shrewd polίtician, conservative
parties have begun to smell victory in
elections scheduled by J une - and to
foresee the politίcal demίse of the
former Berkeley economίcs professor
who has dominated the Greek scene for
a decade.
"Ι thίnk Papandreou is finished,"
declared Yerasimos Arsenis, a former
Pasok economy minίster who heads a
: \
,
ι
new leftist party. "There is no way for
him to come back. The only thίng for
Papandreou to do now ίs to negotiate
hίs exit."
Whatever the polίtical fallout, Greeks
seem to have been occupied for the last
few months with little other than
Papandreou's Iove life and daily revelations about embezzlement, brίbe
charges and turmoil at the top. Athens
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businessmen have taken to waiting at
kiosks ίη Constitution Square for delivery of the latest gossip and fact mix by
aftemoon tabloids with big headlines.
Α body of raucus jokes has built up
quicly. One of the milder ones contends Papandreou has added a position
to the Kama Sutra: one foot in the
grave. The joviality has been encouraged by repeated publication ίη Greek
newspapers of a photograph showing
Liani's voluminous charms in a topless
beach pose.
Although Greece depends heavily on
European Community benefits, in this
atmosphere most discussion here about
this weekend's European summit meeting in Rhodes seemed to center on
whether Papandreou, the chairman and
host, will show up with Liani on his
arm. That protocol barήer already was
crossed locally on Monday, when the
prime minister brought her to Parliament for the annual budget
presentation.
This is too much
Greek observers said Papandreou's
apparent determination to make Liani
his official consort, rather than the idea
of his affair with a younger woman, has
raised questions about his wisdom.
Some critics have compared her to Eva
Peron, suggestίng she may be influencing him with an eye to her own future.
"Suddenly, he has lost control," Vlachos said. "The Greek people who sort
of admired the macho side of having an
affair, have begun to think this is too
much."
Particularly damaging were photographs of Papandreou just afte.r his
operation ίη London that showed him
apparently being led around by his
young mistress.
"The question became not that he was
having an affair with a woman young
enough to be his daughter but that he
was a dottering old man being manipulated by her," a diplomat said.
"We love love affairs," said Arsenis.
'Ίt's ίη our blood. But at the same time,
we take the family very seriously. You
don't fool around with that. Α Greek
man, even if he has a girl friend, if he
goes to London to have an operation, he
takes his wife and children."
Papandreou has announced his
intention to divorce Margaret, his wife
of 37 years and the mother oftheirthree
sons and a daughter. In a statement
attributed to her after the announcement, Margaret Papandreou
denounced her husband's conduct and
implied his young mistress was in part
responsible for his heart problems.
Liani, meanwhile, has obtained a
divorce from her husband, an Athens
architect. Had everyt hίng else remained
tranquil, therefore, the prime minister
could have married Liani and possibly
recovered from the turmoίl and tonguewagging over time. But a Greek banker
who grew up ίη New York, George Koskotas, appears to have dashed that
hope, creating what Papandreou himself characterized as a political
"nightmare."
Koskotas, 34, was arrested by the FBI
last week near Boston. He is contesting
a Greek extradition request based on
official accusations here that he misused
more than $300 million from the Bank
of Crete, of which he was chairman and
chίef shareholder.
More damagingto Papandreou, Koskotas fled Greece on Ν ον. 6 from under
the nose of what ίs supposed to be the
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country's crack antiterrorist unit. He
had been put ίη custody of the elite
police unit pending trial on the banking
fraud charges.
When word reached here that he was
holed up in Brazil, Papandreou's public
order and justice ministers stepped
down to make way for an investigation
into the possibility of official complicity
ίη the escape. Still worse for Papandreou, Koskotas, by now dubbed "Dr.
Κ," showed up in the United States
aboard a private jet owned by Argyris
Saliarelis, a wealthy Greek businessman
who reportedly played host to Koskotas
and George Papandreou on an island
hideaway for weekend socializing.
"What really makes this important,
other than the fact that it is the biggest
financial scandal in postwar Greece, is
that it comes as one in a series of things
that make the government look like ίt is
not in control," saίd a diplomat followιng the case.
George Papandreou already has
appeared at the center of the scandal.
Last month, he revealed a document
allegedly delivered by envoys from Koskotas and designed to blackmail the
government into ending the investigatίon into the Bank of Crete.
The document conained names of
government officials, including himself,
who purportedly had accepted more
than $5 million ίη bribes. But the
younger Papandreou revealed at the
same time a document from a U.S.
investment firm that he saίd proved the
Koskotas document to be a forgery.
Koskotas was indicted in 1980in New
York in connection with a fraud
scheme. But before he could be tried, he
returned to his native Greece. After taking over the Bank of Crete in 1984, he
reportedly covered his siphoning with
forged documents showing that he held
multimillion dollar accounts at U.S.
banks and investment firms.
Despite his background and public
accusations of irregularities, Koskotas
had a wide network of friends and con-
trols ίη the prime minister's Pasok
party. Apparently using the bank's
funds, he purchased a soccer team,
newspapers and a radio station noted
for their friendliness to the government.
According to an official supportive of
Papandreou, Koskotas also enhanced
his political contacts by providing jobs
and other favors for relatives and aides
of party officials. Neither George
Papandreou nor other government figures agreed to requests for interviews.
Despite Papandreou's denial of
wrongdoing, a parliamentary commission has begun investigating accusations in Greek newspapers that
Koskotas also paid bribes to Papandreou's family and close associates to fend
off government investigators.
Ό 'Οδοντίατρος καi ή Κυρία
Γεωργίου Π. 'Αργυράκη
Εσχοvται σ · όλους τούς φίλους τους
Εύτυχtς τό Νέο νΕτος
115 EAST, 61st sτREET
NEW YORK, Ν . Υ .
Tel. (212) 355-5453
DROULIA & CO.
Sίnce
1957
120 BROADWAY, NEW YORK,
Ν.Υ
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Telephone (212) 349-1144
F ΑΧ 227-3589
ATHENS,GREECE
3 Stadiou Street
Telephone: 3220-330
FAX 3226-894
Clearίng
Through
Dίrect Lίnes to
Pershίng
of Donaldson Lujkin & Jenrette
all U.S. Stock, Option, Futures Exchanges
&
Refco, INC.
JANUARY, 1989
33
He//enίc Profί/es
Dr. JOHN PAPAGEORGIOU is
the director ofthe Faculty-in-Residence
Program of the Institute of Management Sciences at the University of Massachusetts ίη Boston. He was born near
ancient Olympia ίη the Peloponnesus
and studied at the University of Manchester ίη Great Britain, arriving ίη the
United States ίη 1968. Α brilliant scholar, he taught at York University ίη
Toronto, Canada, and later at Wayne
University, in Detroit. After conducting
extensive research ίη management
sciences he was invited to the University
of Massachusetts to be the coordinator
of the Sciences Group. In 1985 he
became the chairman of the department. Dr. Papageorgiou designed and
HOL!DA
By Thomas speiios
implemented the program which allows
faculty members to spend one year
working with various major corporations in order to experience the real
working wor1d environment. In 1984 he
was invited to visit China where he gave
lectures at a number of different schools
and colleges. Α highly gifted academician he has imp1emented a number of
programs that provide research in
inventory control, management sciences, production planning, health care,
and environmental problems.
JIMMY (the Greek) SNYDER has
made a dynamic comeback after losing
his $750,000 job with CBS last winter.
His comments about black athletes
being "bred" to be physically stronger
Υ
GREETINGS
FROM
were not racia1 s1urs. Ma1colm Χ said
the same thing in his book about s1avery
ίη the South. Present1y financed by
International Gaming Management,
Jimmy the Greek offers bettors a
$10,000 electronic sweepstake. Players
make a $2 call and pick winners of six
football games by pressing their touchbutton telephones. Jimmy says, "We
expect to be in 200 markets by next year
and will gross $50 million." Jimmy is
forever the wheeler-dealer chasing
another pot of gold at the end of an
electronic rainbow.
NICKOLAS KEPROS, a highly talented actor, gave a smashing performance ίη the dramatic play, "Rameaus
Nephew," which finished its run
·Ο κύριος καi ή κυρία
Dr. CHRIS PHILIP
Dr. CHRIS KOJANIS
Γεωργίου Τσα καλώ του
Εύχονται σ
·
δλους τοvς φίλους τους
ΕΥΤΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
Specίa/ίsts ίn Orthodontίcs
NEW YORK and TENAFLY, N.J.
Best Wishes for the
Holίdays
JamesP. ChristodoulouM.n.
F.A.C.C.
625 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK,
TEL. (212) 744-1118
Ν.Υ.
10021
Dr. and Mrs.
Peter Triantafillou
And Family
Wish
α// theίr frίends
Α ΗΑΡΡΥ
JANUARY, 1989
ΕΥΤΥΧΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ Ο ΝΕΟΣ ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
Const. Stefanides, M.D., P.C.
Allergy Testing and Treatment
30-44 29 Street
17 15 East 17th Street
Astoria, Ν. Υ. 11 102
Brooklyn, Ν . Υ . 11229
718-626-1386
212-336-1015-6
230 Hilton Ανe.
Hempstead, Ν .Υ .
516-481-4750
·Ο καθηγητης καi ή Κα
ΝΙΚ. Φ. ΔΕΣτΟ ΥΝΗ
Εύχονται
Εύτυχισμένο τον Νέο Χρόνο
NEW YEAR
35
recently at the CSC Repertory Theatre
in Manhattan. Drama critic Ciive
Barnes has called Kepros, 'Όne of
America's finest unsung actors."
Kepros was born of Greek immigrant
parents in Salt Lake City, Utah, where
he grew up and where he attended the
Univ. of Utah. Although he began as a
pre-med student he was mesmerized by
the thespian world and pursued acting
studies, achieving a degree in the dramatic arts. He has traveled extensively
throughout Europe, inc1uding one year
as a Fullbright Scholar in Paris. During
the 1ast threedecades he has appeared in
numerous productions for the stage,
movies and te1evision. On Broadway he
p1ayed Emperor Joseph in the musica\
smash, ''Amadeus." He also starred in
the movie "The U1timate So1ution of
Grace Quigley" and many te1evision
soap operas. His performance in his
latest off-Broadway play was superb. Ι
sincerely hope he gets the recognition he
so richly deserves.
EMMANUEL FTHEN AKIS, 60, is
the Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of Fairchild Industries based in
Chantilly, Virginia. He was born in
Greece and came to the U.S.A. in 1952.
After graduating from Columbia University he worked at the Bell Labs and at
General Electric, where he pioneered
the development of missi1e and space
technology. Hejoined Fairchild in 1971
as a designer of aerospace systems. The
company emp1oys over 5,000 persons
and has annua1 sales of over a billion
dollars. Fthenakis was elected chairman
in 1986 and C.E.O. in 1985. At a recent
meeting of the Hellenic American
Chamber of Commerce in New York,
he gave an address before a large
audience on the U.S. space program for
the future. The space industry provides
over 200,000 jobs, and generates over
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JANUARY, 1989
$22 billion in annual revenues. Fthenakis said, "We may have to go up in space
ships in order to survive. Perhaps that's
the on1y way the human race will survive in ίhe world."
PROF. NICHOLAS YALOURIS,
an eminent archeologist and lecturer on
classical civilization, is present1y touring the United States. He recently gave
an excellent lecture at the Holy Trinity
Cathedral in Manhattan on the subject,
"The Influence of Athletic Games on
the Arts and Letters of Antiquity." Born
in Smyrna, Dr. Yalouris studied in
Athens, Zurich, and Geneva. He has
conducted a great number ofarcheological excavations on behalf of the
National Archeological Museum in
Athens. He has presented exhibitionsat
the Louvre Museum in Paris, the New
York Metropolitan Museum, the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, and the
NEOPHYTOS GANIARIS
•
dr9:tf~tl~~
ESTABLISHED 1887
Members New York Stock Exchange, Ιnc. and
Other Leadtng Exchanges
55 ESSEX STREEY • MILLBURN, NJ 070<41
(201) ..67-3<40<4
NEW YORK: (212) 517-9282
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----------------------36
National Gallery in Washington, D.C.
He has lectured throughout Europe, the
U.S.A., Russia, lndia and Australia.
His publications have appeared in many
scholarly journals, including the prestigious Prίnceton Encyc/opedia of Classical Studies.
CONSTANτiNE SIRIGOS joins
American Hellenic Institute. Constantine, also known as Dean, comes to ΑΗΙ
with excellent training in international
affairs and a record of service to the
Greek American community. Mr. Sirigos is a 1982 graduate, Phi Beta Kappa,
of Hofstra University, New γ ork. In
1986 he received his masters Degree
from Georgetown University's School
of Foreign Service. His work there
included research on Greece, Cyprus,
Turkey, and the U.S. foreign policy process. He has been a leader in the γ oung
Adult League of the Greek Orthodox
Church and has followed the situation
of the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Constantinople. At ΑΗΙ Dean Sirigos will
be handling trade conferenc.e matters,
research, preparation of reports, and
other aspects of AHI's Public Affairs
Committee efforts.
ΠDBITS:
352 SEVENTH AVENUE (2nd Floor) NEW YORK,
TEL. (212) 564-0662
Ν.Υ.
10001
CUSTOM MADE
GEORGE MAKOS
STEVE ZIAS
Η ΠΟΛΥΕΤΗΣ ΠΕΙΡΑ ΜΑΣ
ΣΊΉΝ ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑ ΣΑΣ
ΦΟΡΊΏΣΕΙΣ ΣΥΝΕΧΕΙΣ
•
OLYMPIA SNOWE, US Congresswoman from Maine, won her 6th term in
the recent elections. She was the youngest woman elected to the House of Rep.,
and was named one of the Top 100
Women in America by the Ladies Home
Journal. .. Gον. JOHN SUNUNU of
New Hampshire has been named White
House Chief of Staff by President-elect
Bush. Sununu is of Greek-Palestinian
ancestry. ELIAS KOTEAS is appearing in the new movie, "Full Moon In
Blue Water" ... ΤΑτΙΑΝΑ TROYANOS, mezzo soprano, gave a splendid
recital at Lincoln Center recently with a
repertoire of Ravel, Wolf and Mahler...
ARIADNE CARAS presented a fine
collection of her paintings at her onewoman show recently at the Hellenic
Cultural Center in Astoria. .. The
strange and tragic deaths of CHRISτiNA ONASSIS and her cousin
PENELOPE ONASSIS, within 10 days
of each other, have caused many skeptics to ask if they may have been murdered ... ΚΑτΙΑ ZALLAS, a dynamic
soprano from Athens, made her debut
in New York singing the me1odies of
Puccini, Dvorak, Rave1 and Mozart at
JANUARY, 1989
LA DIV Α FURS, INC.
ΓΙΑ ΟΛΑ ΤΑ ΜΕΡΗ
ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΥΡΩΠΗΣ
ΝΙΚΟΣ ΦΡΑΓΚΟΥ ΛΙΔΗΣ
ΜΕΤΑΦΟΡΙΚΗ
ΕΤΑΙΡΙΑ
25-20 21st Street, Astoria,
Ν.Υ.
11102.
Τηλεφωνήσατε άπό 8 τό πρωί, μέχρι τά μεσάνυχτα: 726-3900, 726-3901. Μετά τίς
7μ.μ.: 767-'22Β2. TELEXNESΊRUI 497-2878.
Ο ΠΡΟΕΔΡΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΟ ΔΙΟΙΚΗΤΙΚΟ ΣΥΜΒΟΥ ΛΙΟ
ΤΗΣ
ΠΑΝΗΠΕΙΡΩΤΙΚΗΣ ΟΜΟΣΠΟΝΔΙΑΣ
ΗΠΑ
-
ΚΑΝΑΔΑ
-
Α ΥΣΤΡΑΛΙΑΣ
ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΟΥΝ ΤΗΝ ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΑ
γιά τήν θερμή συμπαράσταση στόν ίερό άγώνα
μας ύπέρ τών
400.000
σκλαβωμένων άδελφών μας
τής Βορείου ·Ηπείρου καί
ΕΥΧΟΝΤ ΑΙ ΕΥΤΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
' Ο Πρόεδρος
ΔΗΜΗΤΡΙΟΣ ΤΣΟΥΜΠΑΝΟΣ
'Ο Γεν. Γραμματεύς
ΦΩτΙΟΣ ΓΚΑΛΛΠΣΗΣ
37
St. Peter's Church in Manhattan...
CHRIS NICOLELIS is the new chef at
Gracie Mansion; he prepares the
gourmet meals for the ever-dieting
Mayor Ed Koch who has a serious
weight problem ...
LORA MAROLAKOU presented her
high fashion collection at the RitzCarlton Hotel; she received a two-page
review in New York Magazine praising
her talents... JACQUELINE CAMBAS was the film editor for the new
comedy film, "My Stepmother is An
Alien." ELENI TRAGANA, a New
Υ ork born pianist, gave a splendid recital recently at Lincoln Center... SID
and MARTY KROFT are Greek immigrants who produce puppet shows in
Hollywood ... Dr. ARCHIE KALOKERINOS, a Greco-Australian doctor of
medicine has been acclaimed for his
research in the benefits of vitamin C ...
GEORGE FILIPPAKIS, a highly
skilled iconographer, was born in Crete.
Here in the USA, his icons have decorated 35 churches from St. Augustine,
Florida, to Pasadena, Calif... OL ΥΜ­
ΡΙΑ DUKAKIS is starring in a new
play, "Better Living" at her Whole
Theater in Montclair, New Jersey ...
NICHOLAS CHRISTOS ZAFERATOS is the Director of the Swinomish
lndian Reservation in La Conner,
Washington . He is the only "white man"
in the U.S.A. to hold such a position.
He is often invited to Washington, D.C.
to consult with the Bureau of Indian
Affairs ... DIMΠRI ΚΑ VRAK OS
plays the ιΌ!e of the King in the celebrated Verdi opera 'Άida" at the Metropolitan Opera in Manhattan . PETER
KEPROS, who was born in Salt Lake
City, Utah, is the director of the psychology department at the University of
Brunswick in Canada ... JAMES
KOTSILIBAS-Davis, well knownjournalist, has just published a new book,
"Myrna Loy: Being & Becoming" ...
ELENI SARRIS presented an exhibit
of her fine paintings at the Zygos
Gallery in Washington, DC recently ...
DEMETRIOS VILAN is a true Hellenic Renaissance man - he is an artist,
actor, director, and dancer living in Los
Angeles; he is promoting his newest
play, "Biack Woman in the White
House"... J ULIE CHARLES (a Hellene) has just published her first novel,
"Κο Kara"... ARIANNA STASSINOPOULOS' biography about the great
Picasso is due to be made into a movie...
ALCIBIADES STERIOPOULOS, a
very fine musician, is the musical direc-
38
ΗΑΡΡΥ
NEW YEAR
Frank Parlamίs, Inc.
General Contractors
RESTAURANT, BAR
& KITCHEN EQUIPMENT
328 ATLANτiC AVENUE
Bet. Smith and Hoyt Streets
BROOKL ΥΝ, NEW YORK ll201
Tel. (718) 875-6744
(7 18) 875-6783
Best Wishes and
Happy Holidays
from the
ΑΗΕΡΑ
Becky Demeήs
Grand President
Daιιg}ιters of Pene/ope
Gregory Ka1amaras
Sιφreme President
Sons of Perίc/es
Kim Stathis
Grand Presideιιt
Maids ofAιhena
Α.
Steve Betzelos
Supreme P1·esίdeπt
Phillip Τ. Frangos
Chaiτman, Board ofDίrectors
"NEW YORK"
tor of the Broadway smash hίt, "Fiorello" which is playing at the Equity
Theater in Manhattan... PETER
BIZIOU was the director of photography for the movie "Mississippi Burning," a top-rated drama featuring Gene
Hackman ... THOMAS PHILLIPS, a
dynamic Greek-American, is the Chairman and Chief Executive of the Raytheon Corp. ίn Lexington,
Massachusetts. He was recently
honored as the "New EngJander of the
Year" ... JOHN PYROS is a highly talented writer for the Tarpon Springs
Hera/d in Florida...
Dr. CHRISTOS ΒΕΝΤ AS, Professor
of the classics at the University of
Lowell, Mass., gave a very ίnformatίve
lecture recently on the millenium of
Orthodoxy ίη Russia. Bentas ίs an
acclaimed authorίty on Byzantine musicology ... Dr. HELENA FRANGAKISYRETT gave a lecture on the Greeks
in Egypt in the 19th century at the Hellenic Cultural Center in Astorίa ...
Dr. HARRY PSOMIADES, the Director of Μ odern Greek Studίes at Queens
College, has co-edίted a new book,
'Έducation and Greek-Amerίcans" ...
Accordίng to JOHN SPIRIDAKIS,
70% of Greek-American families speak
Best Wishes to
some Greek; presently 75% of today's latest book is entitled, "Α Call to Civil
Greek-Americans were born in the Uni- Service," which invites the American
ted States... Α total of 17 experts con- youth to help build a stronger and better
tributed to this in-depth study of society based on ethical values ... NICO
Hellenism ίn America ... CONSTAN- MASTORAKIS is a Hollywood proτiNE MAKRIS was the director of
ducer. His studio, Omega Entertainphotography for the new film, 'Όne ment, produces sitcoms for television ...
Man F orce" .. . The talented rnaestro GEORGE PAPASTAVROU is the
DINO ANAGNOST is presenting his director of the music school at the Uniconcert program, "Great Music Undera l versity of Syracuse ...
Byzantίne Dome" at the Holy Trinίty
Cathedral in Manhattan for the Chrίst­ HISTORICAL TRJVJA ... Hellenes
mas season ... ALEXANDROS among Brίtίsh Royalty •. . Prince
VAKIRTZIS is presenting a collection PHILIP of Edinburgh, husband of
of his paintίngs at the Zygos Gallery in Queen Elizabeth, was born on the
Greek island of Corfu (Κerkyra). His
Washίngton, DC... GEORGE ECONOMOU is a professor of English at the father was Prince Andrew, the brother
University of Oklahoma... LILLI of King Constantίne 1. .. His mother is a
Greek Orthodox nun... Other members
ΒΙΤ Α, talented playwright, ίs the artίst­
included the late MARINA, Dutchess
ίn-residence at Drexel U nίversity ίn
of Kent, and Lady Georgianna R ussel. ..
Phίladelphia ... CHARLES MOSKOS'
·ο ίατρός
'' Αρης
Παπαδόπουλος
Εύχεται στήν έκλεκτή πελατεία του
καi σ· δλη τήν 'Ομογένεια
ΚΑΛΉ ΧΡΟΝΙΑ ΣΕ ΟΛΟΥΣ
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eo
Α/1
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/MPORTERS AND PROCESSORS
AMER/CA 'S LARGEST DEALERS
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179 East 86th Street, New York, Ν. Υ. 10028
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Α/1
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Owner I Manager
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28-0SA 24th Avenue
Astoria, ΝΥ 11102
Office: 718-278-4544
ERA 8 REAL ESTAH
Each offi ce i ndependently owned and operated.
JANUARY, 1989
καί δλους τούς όμογενείς
ΚΑΛΗ ΧΡΟΝΙΑ
(opposite Bloomingdale's)
Happy New Year to
Εϋχεται σ · δ'λi:t τά μέλη του
ΚΑΛΗ ΧΡΟΝΙΑ
σέ δλους τούς φίλους καί πελάτες μας
Greek lslands
TAVERNA
194-05 NORTHERN BLVD
FLUSHING, Ν.Υ.
ΤΗΛ: (718) 357-9422
39
Restaurants and Restaurateurs
Greeks have been cooking longer
than any other cultural group in the
Western world, and Greek cookery is as
varied as the land and the peoples the
Mediterranean encompasses. Therefore
it is fair to call Greek food Mediterranean, no less than Middle Eastern or
even Near Eastern cuisine, especially
since there is a natural overlappingwith
Armenian, Turkish, Persian, and
Arabic foods.
Greeks, like their neighbors, take
great pride in their culinary arts. Drawn
into a debate on the respective merits of
national cuisines, they are likely to
point out that, at a time when the rest of
Europe was content to tear at half-raw
meat on the bones ofwild animals, they
were preparing delicacies like roasted
lamb with capers and exotic sauces
made from herbs and spices.
In essence, however, Greek cuisine
has been very much influenced by its
neighbors, whose recipes have crisscrossed boundaries to the east and west
of Greece, as well as to the north and
south. Even now, words are used to describe dishes that Greeks claim as their
own like the following: moussaka,
shish-kebab, tzatziki, halva to name
only a few. Although it is not always
clear where these foods originated, it is
certain that the Greeks refined recipes
uon
Lίanίdes
Β.ν coNsτANTINE cεoRGiou. Ph. υ.
with Edna Archer and Paul Wilkin.5
and added subtleties of flavors as only
they could.
In Greece, more than in restaurants
here, food is often serνed too cold for
Western tastes. But the menu items a re
essentially the same. For example, everpopular dishes include souvlakia (small
cubes of roasted lamb or pork a nd s\ices
of onion flavored with marjoram and
garlic served on a skewer); tzatziki
(yogurt with cucumber and garlic);
NEW YEAR
Captain and Mrs.
Demetrios Sarigiannis
the Coach House.
kalamarakia (squid); and, ofcourse, the
famous moussaka, a minced-lamb dish
layered with fried eggplant and topped
with bechamel sauce.
Α variety of wines may accompany
Greek specialties, but the most popular
- and one of the least expensive - is
retsina, a resinated wine possessing a
strong taste of the pine resin that is used
to line the wine casks and preserve their
ΗΑΡΡΥ
ΗΑΡΡΥ
ίn
NEW YEAR
Mr. and Mrs.
Α nthony Κaniclides
Jackson Heights, New York
·Ο Πρόεδρος καi το Δ ιοικ. Συμβούλιο
τοϋ Συλλόγου Καστοριέων
Ό κ. καί ή κ.
"OMONOIA"
Χρ.Οίκονομοπούλου
εϋχονται στα μέλη του
εύχονται
καi σ' δλη την 'Ομογένεια
ΕΥΤΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
40
ΕΥΓΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
" NEWYORK"
wood.
Since ancient times, the Greeks have
favored this astringent wine for its
sharp, clean qua1ities. A1exandre
Dumas, the 19th-century French nove1ist and gastronome, comp1ained of
Greek wines being spoi1ed by the introduction of resin; in his Grand Dίctίon­
naίre de Cuίsίne he attributed it to an
o1d superstition - "Fina1 homage to
Bacchus, whose sceptre was a thyrsus
tipped with a pine cone."
Whatever the origins of retsina, it
remains uniquely Greek. Ca1ifornia
vintners, adept at producing acceptab1e
versions of foreign wines, have fai1ed to
make even a reasonable.fascimi1e.
Some visitors to Greek restaurants
acquire a taste for retsina after a few sips
and then drink it as a comp1ement to all
Greek meals. Ouzo, on the other hand,
is the equiva1ent of the Turkish raki, a
nationa1 aperitif a1most invariab1y
served with a p1ate of snacks called
meze.
"Cuisine is the reflection of a cu1ture," said the French mavericks of all
things gustatory, Gault and Millau.
Greece has her philosophers, sculptors.
ΗΑΡΡΥ
mathematicians, and the powerful
dramatists. But Greece a1so has fine cuisine indigenous to the 1and and its produce. And just as the scientific thought
and art forms spread throughout the
wor1d, Greek cuisine has become internationally popular, and so has the
Greek restaurateur whose establishments command respect far and wide.
Το understand this phenomenon one
has to take into account severa1 factors
that have influenced the Greek restaurateurs and their phenomena1 success.
First of all, one has to look at the country in which Greeks have their roots.
Everythίng begins with the land and
the sea. In Greece, as well as in Cyprus,
grapes grow a1ongside melons and
peaches. Wild thyme, oregano and
dozens of other flavorful herbs, grasses
and flowers cover the hillsides. Greece's
fruits and vegetable stands are an arrogance of nature. Bunches of Jeeks stand
upright like bundles of brooms. Melons
drip with natural sugar. The royal purple of the eggp1ants, the scar1et and emerald ofbell peppers, the pale green ofthe
squash, the rich red of the tomatoes
surpass a painter's pa1ette. Litt1e
NEW YEAR
SIORIS AND MOLUMBY
Σωματείων Νέας ·Υόρκης
εύχεται στά σωματεία-μέλη
καί σ · δλη τήν Όμογένεια
25 West 43rd Street, Suite 1517
New York, Ν.Υ. 10036-7406
Tel. (212) 840-2644
ΕΥΤΥΧΙΣΜΕΝΟ
The Greek Orthodox
Ladies Philoptochos Society
ΤΗΕ
OFFICIAL PHILANTHROPIC ORGANIZA ΠΟΝ
OF ΤΗΕ GREEK ORTHODOX ARCHDIOCESE
OF NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA
WISHES EVERYONE
ΤΗΕ BLESSINGS AND JOY OF ΤΗΕ HOLIDA Υ
SEASON AND Α HEAL ΤΗΥ AND ΗΑΡΡΥ
NEW YEAR
Mrs. DJONJS/A FERRARO
National President of Philoptochos
ΤΗΕ
ΤΗΕ
Ή Όμοσπονδία ·Ελληνικών
Attorneys At Law
GREGORY Α. SIORIS
RONAN J. MOLUMBY B.C.L.
AND
wonder, then, that Greek cuisineechoes
these natura1 ingredients indigenous to
the country we call Greece.
The country has a1so been endowed
with a magnificent coastline 1apped by
the warm waters of the Mediterranean
to the south, and the Aegean to the east,
with the coo1er waters of the lonian Sea
on the west coast of Greece. The swiftrunning waters of the Aegean are turbulent with exquisite fish found nowhere
e1se in the wor1d. And in the Aegean
islands, fishermen in bo bboing 1ittle
boats by the dockside sell a rich variety
of squid, marides, octopus, and other
seafood in season. This rich variety of
fish in restaurateurs' homeland may
explain in part why so many Greek restaurateurs opened seafood houses in the
United States and in other parts of the
world. Some of the most successful, for
example, include the prestigious Gloucester House in New York, the recently
opened Pisces lso on Manhattan's East
Side, and the recently closed Sea Fare of
the Aegean that was a veritable landmark in the City until it closed its doors
a few years ago.
Not surprising1y, however, some of
MEMBERS OF ΤΗΕ NAτJONAL BOARD
PRESIDENTS OF ΤΗΕ D!OCESAN PHILOPTOC HOS
JANUARY, 1989
ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
Τό ίατρικό καί διαχειριστικό προσωπικό τfίς
ΚΛΙΝΙΚΗΣ ΛΙΝΑΡΔΟΥ
Εϋχονται στήν ·Ομογένεια
ΕντΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
1989
LINARDOS CLINIC
42-78 ΜΑΙΝ SτREET, FLUSHING, Ν.Υ. 11355
TEL. (718) 539-8800
Α modern Health Care Facility for
DIAGNOSTIC services and LASER
Surgery
41
the best fish served in and around New
Υ ork is not in seafood houses. Citadels
of haute cuisine like the prestigious
Coach Η ouse serve some of the best fish
to be had anywhere. Leon Lianides, the
proud owner of the Coach House, hails
from Corfu, where seafood ίs prepared
ίη some of the most ίnspίrίng ways one
can savor. Το exclude seafood dίshes
from the Coach House is to betray the
essence of Greek cookίng and the Hellenic heritage of Mr. Lianίdes.
Still other restaurants, not considered seafood houses, that serve outstanding seafood dishes include Periyalί
on Manhattan's West Sίde, Karyatίs
Restaurant in Astorίa, and the Cyprίot
restaurant, Meandros, ίη Greenwich
Village.
It is also true that fish is the most
popular food in New York today. Α
glance at the current restaurant scene
provides convincing evίdence of this
fact. And the reason for thίs piscίne
boom ίnclude the ίncreased number of
dίeters, for fish ίs the perfect answer
whether one is trying to cut calories or
cholesterol. Even those worrίed about
chemίcal additives wίll fίnd fewer ίn fish
that forage for themselves than ίη
manfed creatures. Also, the prίce offish
ίs still Jess expensίve than most red
meats on the market. Many fίsh may
surpass meat in prίce, but by and large
there are stίll some ίnexpensίve varieties
that afford restaurateurs better markups, whίch the Greek restaurateurs
know well.
crushed pepper
2 medium yellow onίons, sliced ίn thίn
julienne
2 leeks (whίtes only), split lenghwίse,
washed under runnίng water, and sliced
Clean, wash, and fillet the strίped
bass, reservίng the head and bones, or
have fishmonger fillet the bass, reservίng head and bones.
ίη thίn julίenne
Combίne the water, wine, and
reserved fίsh and bones in a large kettle
and bring lίquίd to the broίl. Add the
clams, chopped leeks, chopped onίons,
chopped celery, bay leaves, parsley, garlίc, peppercorns, thyme, lemon juίce,
and solt, reduce heat, cover, and sίmmer
for about 20 mίnutes.
2 carrots, scraped and
slίced
julίenne
2 celery hearts, slίced ίη thίs julienne
3 medίum rίpetomatoes, peeled, seeded,
and coarsely chopped
2 oz. Pernod
2 Tb. chopped parsley
ΗΑΡΡΥ
NICK
ΙΝ
4-lb striped bass
2 1Ι 2 qts. water
Ι cup dry whίte wine
12 clams, scrubbed thoroughly and
shucked
2 leeks, splίt lengthwise, washed under
running water, and finely chopped
2 medium onions, chopped
2 celery ribs, chopped
2 bay leaves
4 parsley sprίgs
4 garlίc cloves, crushed
$ 1 peppercoms
112 tsp. drίed thyme
Juίce of 1 lemon
salt to taste
1Ι 4 cup olίve oil
42
HOLIDAYS
AGAτHIS
Olympia Trails
Tel. (20 I) 589- Ι 199 (2 I2) 964-6233
ΗΑΡΡΥ
NEW YEAR
Majestίc
Marίtίme Courίer,
Inc.
Θ
WORLDWIDE
MICHAEL LOUCOPOULOS
AccouNτ εχεcuτινε
90 West Street, Suite 600
New York, Ν. Υ. 10006
Tel. (212) 964-9091
Selected Recepies
from the Coach House
STRIPED BASS
COURT BOUILLON
in thin
Season ~
Greetίngs
LUMIER&
i
--
SUPPLY C:O.
LUMBE€CUT
ΤΟ SIZE :ι
- -~----
Η ΜΟΝΑΔΙΚΗ ΕΜΗΝΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΧΒΡΗΣΗ ΣτΟ ΕΙΔΟΣ1'ΗΣ
ΟΡΕΝ
7 DAYS
ΔΕΥfΕΡΑ- ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΉ
(718) 726-1791
30-94 31st STREET, ASTORIA,
ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟ
Ν.Υ.
ΚΥΡΙΑΚΗ
7:00
9:00
7:00-6:00 Μ.Μ.
4:00 Μ.Μ.
- 4:00 Μ.Μ.
Π.Μ.Π.Μ.
"NEW YORK"
Although Greece is going through α sad period ofher hίstory, prίvaιe enterprise is
doing better then ever- thanks of course to the Common Market . One exαmple is
Pandelis Joannides. He hαs been the recipίent of the Golden Torch for Quαlity
Mίnos Mίlonas: "Gouache on Pαper",
1988, bestowed by the 1nternationαl Confederαtίon ofMαrketίng αnd Advertising,
22"Χ30", 1988. Thίs work by Mr. Milonas bαsed in Madrid. Mr. loannides, theforemostflorist ίn Athens, has α seνen-figure
ίs one ofmαny pieces exhibited recently
business ίn the ίmport and export of flowers. From Holland, Ηαwαίί and otht:r
αι the Domα Gαllery ίn New York αnd
floral centers he importsflowersfor the Greek Market. From Greece, peculiar as ίt
ίs rαther representαtive of his "Bαnner
may seem, he exporιs orchids, as the hot houses situαιed on the island of Sαmos are
Series" that cαme αboutfrom numerous
extrαordinαry, both in size and organization.
smαll collαges the artίst hαd mαde in
seasons of the year in Athens. On sunny
back home.
recent years. Minos Milonas' bαck­
ground is sαturαted wiιh art educatίon
Performances take place at the Pal- days, people still gather to lunch in outsome of
αnd artίstic expression. Followίng hίs
las, a landmark theatre dating back to door cafes. Nightlife extensive studies he taughtfor α number
the early 1900's located on Voukoures- Europe's best - moves inside, making
of years αnd α/1 the while he kepι on
tiou St., just behind Constitution restaurants, piano bars, and clubs even
exhibiting his newest work, in many
Square and the Grand Bretagne Hotel. ι more Iively and cozy.
cities and countries, always receivίng
Winter is one of the most pleasant
fαvorab/e reviews.
Athens Launches
Star Studded
Winter
Winter visitors to Athens are in for a
series of special treats. Crisp pleasant
nights will be filled with music from
now until February 28, 1989. The
'Άthens in Music" Festival, sponsored
by the Municipal Cultural Center will
bring a wide variety of entertainers from
throughout the world to perform in a
star studded program.
Everything from jazz to classical
chamber music is featured. Ray Charles, the Manhattan Quartet, the Vienna
Chamber Orchestra, the Reggae Philharmonic Orchestra, and Nana Mouskouri, an international known Greek
singer, are just a few of the attractions
on the program.
Theatre prices are fraction of what
they would be to see the same groups
JANUARY, 1989
Εύτυχισμένος ό Καινούργιος Χρόνος
σ' δλους τούς όμογενείς
LAW OFFICES
OF
DIONYSIOS S. SPYROPOULOS
31-84 33rd Street
Astoria, Ν.Υ. 11106
Tel. (718) 728-5590
299 BROADW Α Υ
NEW YORK, Ν.Υ. 10007
TEL. (212) 227-8655
ΓΡΑΦΕΙΟ ΑΘΗΝΩΝ
ΒΑΛΑΩΡΠΟΥ
15
106-71
3618-189
ΑΘΗΝΑ
ΤΗΛ.
43
Kyriakos - Soropoulos
7he well known composer and contrίbuting Editor ιο Η ΝΕΑ ΥΟΡΚΗ, Mr.
Michael Karras posίng happily wίth 0/ga Victoria Karras (ne'e Zaferatos),
writer and editor, soon after their recent wedding.
Photograph: LuciUe Khomak
Faustini -
Mr. and Mrs. George Soropoulos of
Pelham Manor, Ν.Υ. have announced
the marriage of their daughter, Francine, to Steve Κ yriakos, son of the Very
Rev. and Mrs. Peter Kyriakos ofTarrytown, Ν.Υ.
The wedding ceremony, which took
place last summer on J une 19th at Η oly
τrinity Church in New Rochelle, Ν.Υ.,
was b1essed by His Eminence Archbishop lakovos, assisted by His Grace
Bishop Phi1ip of Daphnousias, Rev.
Peter Ν . Kyriakos, father of the bridegroom; very Rev. George J. Bacopu1os,
Godfather ofthe bridegroom; Rev. Sylvestros Berberis, the bride's priest, Rev.
Basil Gregory, Rev. Theodore Baglanea.s, Rev. Alexander Karloutsos, and
Deacon Andonios.
The reception was held at the Tarrytown Hilton. The bride, who wore white
satίn, was escorted by her father. Maid
of honor was Elaίne Frangos. Attendants were Kathi McGovern, Laura
Scardino, Linda Kytiakos, Dora Soropou1os and Maria Osmanski. Stephanie
Allen and Lisa Tesoro were flower girls.
Best man was Dean Kyriakos, brother
of the bridegroom. Ushers were James
and Steven Soropou1os, bothers of the
bride, Nicholas Kyriakos brother of the
brίdegroom, Μaήο Faustini and Har44
Kyrίakos
vey Quinton. Ring bearer was Nicolas
Lambadaridis.
The bride received a bache1or's and
master's degree from the State University of New York College at Cort1and.
She is a first grade teacher at Mount
Kisco Elementary School. The bridegroom received bachelor degrees from
New York University and is a vice president at Prudential Bache Securities in
Mount Kisco. Ν. Υ.
The Holy Trinity Church ίη New
Rochelle, Ν. Υ. was the setting on
October 15, 1988, for the marήage of
Angeliki Linda Kyriakos, daughter of
the Very Reverend and Mrs. Peter Kyriakos of Tarrytown, New York, and
Mario J. Faustini, son ofMr. and Mrs.
Antonio Faustini of Crestwood, New
York. His Eminence Archbishop Iakovos officiated at the ceremony assisted by His Grace Bishop Philip of
Daphnousia; Rev. Peter Kyriakos,
father of the bride; Rev. George Bacopu1os; Rev. George Poulos; Rev. Peter
Rexinis; Rev. Peter Metallinos; Rev.
Theodore Baglaneas; Rev. Alexander
Karloutsos, and Deacon Andonios.
The bride, in a white silk taffeta gown
by Cammarata of Italy and a cathedral
veil by Fontana of Scarsdale, was given
in marήage by her father. Α reception
followed at the Westchester Marήott.
Attending the bride as matrons of
honor were Mrs. Dimitri Madouros of
White Plains, Ν.Υ. and Mrs. Michae1
Kokkoris of Scarsdale. Mrs. Robert
Pierot, Jr., of New York City, was bridesmaid. Katie Madouros and Isabel
Pierot were flower girls, and P.D.
Madouros was the ring bearer. Michael
Kokkoris was the sponsor, andf Frank
Marino, the best man. Dean Kyήakos,
brother of the bride, was an usher.
The bride is Manager of Major
Markets for Olivetti U.S.A, having
received a ΒΒΑ in marketing from Iona
College. The bridegroom is Vice President of Papco Industries, also having
received a ΒΒΑ in Marketing, as well as
a ΜΒΑ ίη Finance, from Iona College.
"NEW YORK"
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favorable compaήson with
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cruise on the Pegasus
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Cruise Depanures: Southbound: 12/17 (Chήsπnas Cnιise~ 1989: 1/ 7. Ι/28, >ft8. Northbound: ι z/!.8 (New Years~ 1989: Ι/18. >/8, 3/Ι.
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Give your clients the cruise adventure of all time! Α
fabulous Iooo-mile voyage of awe and wonder into
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to the infamous French
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beaches and blue Caήbbean waters of Barbados and
---------71ι-.-c.".ba.on---,· Tobago, and listen to
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the expeήence.
Cruise Deparrures: Southbound: ι >/17 [CIΙΓi stmas Cruise). ι <)δg: >/18. Noιthbound: 12/28 (New Year's). 1989: 3/1.
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For Admission and Registration information call (516) 663-1120
Καθοριστικός ό νέος γύρος
τών διακοινοτικών συνομιλιών
Του κ. ΦΑΝΟΥ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΙΔΗ
ΛΕΥΚΩΣΙΑ.- ΟΙ διακοινοτικές συνομι­
προτάσεις πού θά ύποβλ ηθουν πάνω σέ δλα
τκάς θεω ρείται «ώς μ ή ύποβληθείσα» .
λίες επαναλήφθη καν στ ίς 19 Δεκεμβρίου
μέ βάση τή νέα διαδικασία πού συμφωνή­
τά θέματα νά ε{ναι δχ ι μόνο λογικές καί
θηκε
του
κριτική τfjς διεθνους κοινής γνώμης καί
τών ξένων κυβερνήσεων γιατί σέ κάποιο
Τουρκοκυπρίου ή γ έτη Ραούφ Ντεντκάς καί
στάδιο οί προτάσε ις τών δύο πλευρών θά
του Γενικού Γραμματέα του ΟΗΕ Περέζ
δοθουν στή δημοσιοότητα καί γι · αύτό oi
διεθνείς κρίσεις καί άντιδράσεις θά παί­
ξουν τόν ρόλο τους.
· Ωστόσο, ό πρόεδρος τοϋ ΔΗΣΥ
Γλαϋκος Κληρίδης ύποστήριξε δτι ή
φ όρμουλα Ντενκτάς άφήνει κάποια
άνήγματα γιά πε ραιτέρω διαπραγμα­
τεύσεις. 'Εκείνο πού εχει σημασία,
πρόσθεσε ό Κληρίδης, είναι δτι ό
Ντεντκάς γιά πρώτη φορά δηλώνει δτι
τά τουρκικά στατεύματα θά άποσυρ­
θοϋ ν άπό τήν Κύπρο πρίν άπό τό σχη­
ματισμό τfjς Μεταβατικής κυβέ­
ρνησης . Είπε, έπίσης, δτ ι ή τουρκική
πλευρά δέχθηκε γιά πρώτη φροά νά
κατοχυρωθεί στό σύνταγμα καί νά
έφαρμοσθεί άμέσως τό δικαίωμα τfjς
έλεύθερης διακίνησης καί έπομένως,
συνέχισε, καί στό θέμα αύτό σημειώ­
θηκε βελτίωση των τουρκικών θέσεων.
τέλος, ό Κληρί δης άνέφερε δτι οί
τουρκικές ύποχωρήσεις όφείλονται
στό ρόλο πού ~παιξαν οί χωρες της
στή
μεταξύ
Νέα
του
'Υόρκη
Προέδρου
τόν
Νοέμβριο
Βασιλείου,
Ντέ Κ ουεγ ιάρ. ·Η νέα διαδικασία προνοεί
τήν ύποβολή ύπαλλακτικών προτάσεων
πάνω στά βασικά θέματα καί άπό τίς δύο
πλευρές <iλλά ή ύποβολή των ύπαλλακτι­
κών αύτών πρ οτάσεων δέν θά δεσμεύει
καμιά πλευρά. Οί προτάσεις θά συζητη­
θουν
στή
Νέα
'Υόρκη σέ νέες
κοινές
συναντήσεις τών τριών άνδρών καί iiν
τελικά ύπάρξει συμφωνία πάνω σέ όποιο­
ρεαλιστικές aλλά καί νά άντέ-χουν καί στήν
•Η
φόρμουλα Καμιλιόν
Τό δτι ό δεύτερος γύρος των διακοι­
νοτικων συνομιλιων θά είναι καθορι­
στικός φαίνεται καί άπό τίς επισκέψεις
τοϋ 'Όσκαρ Καμιλιόν στήν ~ Αγκυρα
δήποτε θέμα, τότε ή συμφωνία θά εlναι
καί τήν 'Αθήνα δπου είχε διαβουλεύ­
δεσμευτική. 'Έ τσι ό δεύτερος γύρος τών
σεις μέ τίς οικείες κυβερνήσεις καί
διακοινοτικών συνομιλιών πού θά διαρκέ­
δπως έγνώσθη ό Καμιλιόν ζήτησε τή
βοήθεια τής έλληνικής καί τής τουρκι­
κής κυβέρνησης rοστε ό νέος γύρος νά
φέρει κάποιο θετικό άποτέλεσμα. Τά
'Ηνωμένα 'Έθν η πιστεύουν δτι ή
'Ελλάδα καί ή Τουρκία μποροϋν νά
διαδραματίσουν τό δικό τους ρόλο καί
νά έπηρεάσουν τίς δύο πλευρές ώστε
νά ύπάρξουν διαφοροποιήσεις στίς
σημερινές θέσεις τους. ·Ενδεικτικά
άναφέρεται δτι ή "Αγκυρα επεισε τόν
Ντεκτάς νά μεταβάλλει κάπως τή
σει μέ-χρι τίς ό.ρ-χές Μαρτίου θά εlνα ι Ι δι αί­
τερα σημαντικός άλλά καί καθοριστικός
τών μελλοντικών έξελίξεων τδ κυπριακου,
έπειδή ο! κ.κ. Βασιλείου καί Ντενκτάς θά
συζητούν πλέον πάνω
σέ συγκεκριμένες
μορφ ές λύσεως. 'Έτσι τόν έρχόμενο Μάρ­
τιο ο! δύό ήγέτες, μεταβοuν στήν ~δρα του
ΟΗΕ γιά μιά σειρά κοινών συναντήσεων μέ
τόν Κουεγιάρ, θά ί:χουν μπροστά τους διά­
φορες
έναλλακτικές
προτάσεις
μέ
τίς
όποίες καί θά άσχοληθοuν. Κατά συνέπεια
ή περίοδος πού μεσολαβεί μέχρι τά μέσα
Μαρτίου θά εlναι ο-χι άπλώς καθοριστική
άλλά καί ό.ρκετά κρίσιμη γ ιατί
oi έξελίξεις
καί ο! δ ιεργασίες τής περιόδου αύτής θά
καθορίσουν
Κύπρου.
ίσως
Λόγω
καί
άκριβώς
τό
μέλλον
τοu
τής
γεγονότος
αύτου θά απαιτηθεί πολλή έργασία, πολύς
προβληματισμός, πολλή με λέτ η καί επι­
στημονική δουλειά rοστε οί εναλ λακτικές
στάση του καί νά ύποβάλει στ ίς κοινές
συναντήσεις της
Νέας
·Υόρκης τή
φόρμουλά του. ·Ο πρόεδρος Βασι­
λείου θεώρησε τή φόρμουλα Ντεκτάς
άπαράδεκτη καί τήν άπέρριψε, ό δέ
κυβερνητικός έκπρόσωπος στή Λευ­
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Μέ τίς δηλώσεις του αύτές, ό πρόε­
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άλλά καί ύπερθεματίζει τή νέα διαδι­
κασία πού εχει εισηγηθεί ό Γ.Γ. τοϋ
ΟΗΕ καί ή όποία στήν ούσία είναι
φόρμουλα τοϋ 'Όσκαρ Καμιλιόν 6
όποίος φαίνεται
νά έφαρμόζει στό
κυπριακό μιά δική του φιλοσοφική
σκέψη ένω παράλληλα είναι καί μαέ­
στρος τής «μυ στικής διπλωματίας»,
τής δποίας μέρος άποτελοϋν ο{ επισκέ­
ψε ις του στήν "Αγκυρα καί τήν
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47
'Αθήνα.
Σοβαρές διαφωνίες
Στό μεταξύ δ Καμιλόν πού έπέ­
στρεψε στή Λευκωσία liρχισε έντατι­
κές προετοιμασίες γιάτό δεύτερο γύρο,
ένω παράλληλα καί οί δύο πλευρές
c'iρχισαν τίς προετοιμασίες γιά τίς
ύπαλλακτικές προτάσεις πούθά όποβά­
λουν στό τραπέζι τών διαπραγματεύ­
σεων. ·Ο Ντεκτάς ίσχυρίστηκε δτι ή
φόρμουλα πού όπέβαλε στή Νέα
'Υόρκη στίς 22 Νοεμβρίου άποτελεί
τίς νέες τουρκικές θέσεις καί δτι δέν
πρόκειται νά ύπο βάλει νέες προτάσεις.
·Η κυπριακή κυβέρνηση άπορρίπτει
τόν ισχυρισμό αύτό καί ζητά νέες
συγκεκριμένες προτάσεις. ·Εν πάση
Κύπρο.
ται δτι μέ τίς προτάσεις πού ό Ντεν­
Πώς θά έξελιχθοuν τά πράγματα
μέχρι τόν έρχόμενο Μάρτιο ε{ναι πρό­
;:τάς ύπέβαλε στή
Νέα
'Υόρκη,
εστειλε τήν μπάλα στό Βασιλείου δ
όποίος θά πρέπει νά ένεργήσει μέ
πολλή σύνεση καί πολλή περίσκεψη
στό δίμηνο αύτά διάστημα γιά νά κερ­
δίσει όχι μόνο τή •<μάχη •> στό τραπέζι
των διαπραγματεύσεων άλλά καί τή
<<μάχη>> των έντυπώσεων.
ωρο νά λεχθεί. ·Η άλήθεια ε{ ναι δτι μέ
τή νέα διαδικασία τό κυπριακό μπαίνει
σέ μιά πολύ λεπτή καί δοκιμαστική
φάση ή όποία θά πρέπει νά προβλημα­
τίσει ίδιαίτερα καί τήν έλληνική καί
τήν κυπριακή κυβέρνηση γιατί φαίνε-
ΟΙ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΩΤΕΡΕΣ
ΕΞΕΛΙΞΕΙΣ ΤΟΥ
Κατά γενική όμολογία, μέσα στό
1988
σημειώθηκαν άξιόλογα γεγονότα γύρω άπό
τό κυπριακό καί
τήν ίδ ια τήν
Κύπρο.
περιπτώσει, ή κυπριακή κυβέρνηση
έτοιμάζει τίς δικές της προτάσεις άλλά
Πρώτη καί βασική έξέλιξη γιά τήν Κύπρο
δέν πρόκειται νά τίς ύποβάλει άν δέν
ύποβάλει προτάσεις καί δ Ντενκτάς.
Ή άλήθεια όπωσδήποτε ε{ναι δτι ή
έλληνοκυπριακή ήγεσία έμφανίζεται
διεσπασμένη στή νέα αύτή φάση τοϋ
κυπριακοu. 'Ο πρόεδρος Βασιλείου ,
τό ΔΗΣΥ καί τό ΑΚΕΛ συμφωνοϋν μέ
τή νέα διαδικασία πούεχει προτείνει δ
Κουεγιάρ καί μέ τήν ύποβολή ύπαλλα­
κτικων προτάσεων.
·Αντίθετα, τό
ΔΗΚΟ (Κυπριανοϋ) ή ΕΔΕΚ (Λυσσα­
ρίδης), ό 'Αρχιεπίσκοπος Χρυσόστο­
μος καί μερικοί c'iλλοι παράγοντες
άντιδροuν εντονα στή νέα διαδικασία,
τnν όποία θεωοοuν σάν νέα ύποχώ­
τοϋ Φεβρουαρίου πού ίiφεραν νικητή τών
ήταν οί δύο γύροι τών προεδρικών έκλογών
έκλογών τόν Γιώργο Βασιλείου ό όποίος
στό
δεύτερο
γύρο
πού
ίiyινε
Φεβρουαρίο υ έξασφάλισε τό
στίς
50,63
21
τοίς
έκατό τών ψήφων εναντι 48,37 τοϋ Γλαϋκου
Κληρίδη. Οί ιiλλοι δύο προεδρικοί ύποψή ­
φιοι Σπϋρος Κ υπριαννοϋ καί Βάσος Λυσ­
σαρίδης aπ οκλε ίστηκαν άπό τό ν πρώτο
γ ύρο στίς
14
Φεβρουαρίου. ' Ο Βασιλ είου
όρκίζεται
καί
1988
έγκαθίστανται
στίς
28
Φεβρουαρ ίου. Τήν ϊδια ή μέρα άνακοινώνει
τή σύνθεση τοϋ ύπουργικοϋ του συμβου­
λίου τό όποίο όρκίζετα ι καί άναλαμβάνει
τά καθήκοντά του τήν έπομένη. Εύθύς μετά
τήν έκλογή του δ κ. Βασιλείου άρχίζει δια­
βουλεύσεις μέ τούς aρχηγούς των κομμά ­
των καί κατορθώνει τήν άναβίωση τοϋ
έθν ικοϋ συμβουλίου τό όποίο στήν ούσία
άναλαμβάνει τή μελέτη καί τό συντονισμό
των προπαθειώv γιά προώθηση μιaς
δίκαιης καί βιώσιμης λύσης στό κυπριακό.
Δια ρκοϋντος
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Ραούφ Ντενκτάς καί τοϋ Γ.Γ. τοϋ ΟΗΕ
κατά τόν πρώτο γύρο καί στίς συναντήσεις
βρίου καί δ πως ό δεύτερος γύ ρος διεξαχθεί
εΙχε μάλλον τελετου ργικ ό χαρακτήρα. Οί
ούσ ιαστικές συνομιλίες άρχίζουν στί ς 16
άκέραιες τίς θέσεις του. Στίς κοινές συναν­
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τήσεις τfi ς Νέας 'Υόρκης άποφασίζεται
πού βρίσκεται στή «Νεκρή ζώνη ». Πρα­
δπως οι διακο ινοτικές συνομιλίες έπανα­
γ ματοποιουντα ι συνολικά
λ ηφθουν στή Λευκωσία στίς
19
συναντήσεις
λόγω του δτι καί ο{ δύο πλευρές διατηροuν
19
Δεκεμ­
Πέ ρεζ Ντε Κουεγιάρ. Κατά τή συνάντηση
αύτές οί δύο πλευρές έκθέτουν τίς θέσεις
μέ βάση μιά νέα διαδικασία.
έκείνη άποφασίστηκε ή έπανάληψη τών
καί άπόψεις του πάνω σέ δλες τίς πτυχές
διακοινοτικών συνομιλών μεταξύ τών
lδίων τών κ. κ. Βασιλείου καί Ντενκτάς.' Η
πρώτη τους συνάντηση παραγματοποιείται
του κυπριακοϋ. Στίς
Νοεμβρίου
· Η νέα δ ιαδικασία προνοεί τήν ύποβο­
βλ ή ύπαλλακτικών προτάσεων καί άπό τίς
πραΎματοποιοϋνται στή Νέα ·Υόρκη κοι­
δύο πλευρές πάνω σέ δ λα τά βασικά θέματα
στή Λευκωσία στίς 15 Σεμπτεμβρίου ύπό
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κών συνομιλιών καί διαπιστώνεται καί άπό
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τόν 'ίδιο τόν Κουεγιάρ πώς δέν εχει σημειω­
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23
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καί δπως στά μέσα Μαρτίου πραγματοποι­
τηση
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καί aπόψεων γιά τό κυπριακό γιά έ νημέ­
ρωση τών ξένων κυβερνήσεων, κοινοβου­
λίων καί άλλων διεθνών όργανισμών πάνω
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στρατικοποίησης τής Κύπρου ένώ παράλ­
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Βάσος Λυσσαρίδης έξέφρασαν έπιφυλά­
ξεις. Στό μεταξύ ό "Οσκαρ Καμιλιόν έπε­
σκέφθηκε τήν "Αγκυρα κα( τήν 'Αθήνα
καί εlχε συνομιλίες μέ τούς ύπουργούς
ληλα συμφωνήθηκε «μή πόλεμος, γιά τήν
παρόλο πού δέν σημειώθηκε στό λήγον
όποία θά διεξαχθεί ό νέος γύρος, εινε άντι­
Στό μεταξύ ό Παπανδρέου σ υναντάται
κείμενο μελέτης στό ' Εθνικό Συμβούλιο
στό Νταβός μ έ τόν Τοϋρκο πρωθυπουργό
καί ό προέδρος
'Εξωτερικών τών δύο χωρών. 'Ο Καμιλιόν
νέα
φάση
τοϋ
κυπριακοίι.
'Έτσι
Κύπρο καί τίς <'iλλες έλληνοτουρκικές δια­
ε το ς οiJσιαστ ικ ή πρόοδος πρός τήν κατεύ­
φορές. 'Ο Βασιλείου προσφωνεί δύο φορές
θυνση λύ σης τοϋ κυπριακοϋ ώστόσο, εγινε
τή Γενικ ή συνέλευση του ΟΗΕ τόν 'Ιούνιο
άρκετή έργασία καί ι'iνοιξε δ δρόμος ωστε
τό 1989 νά γίνει μιά πιό ούσιαστική έργα ­
διεβίβασε τήν παράκληση τοϋ Γ .Γ. τοϋ
καί τόν 'Οκ τώβριο. Καί στίς δύο περιπτώ­
σεις έγείρει εντον α τό θέμα τ ή ς άποστρατι­
ΟΗΕ δπως ή ·Αθήνα καί ή - Αγκυρα βοη­
κοποίησης
ή
κοϋ άφοϋ, έξ άλλου , ό Κουεγιάρ tχει θέσει
θήσουν ωστε ό δεύτερος γύρος τών διακοι­
νοτικών συνομιλιών νά στεφθεί μέ
κυπριακrj κυβέρνηση προβαίνει σέ σύντο­
σάν όρόσημο γιά τή λuση τόν ·Ι ούνιο τοϋ
νες ένέργειες γιά στενώτερες σχέσεις μέ
1989.
έπιτυχία.
τήν ΕΟΚ, ή δέ κοινότητα δέχεται νά άρχί­
Διαρκούντος τοϋ 1988 δ πρόεδρος Βασι­
λείου έπισκέπτεται διάφορες χώρες μεταξύ
τών όποίων καί τίς 'Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες
σει πολιτικό διάλογο μέ τήν κυπριακή
γ ιά τά aλλα διεθνή θέματα ' ένώ ή κο ι νοβου­
δπου τήν πρώτη Αύγούστου εlχε συνάν­
λευτική συνέλευση του συμβουλίου τής
τηση στό Λευκό Οlκο μέ τόν πρόεδρο Ρίγ­
καν. 'Επίση ς δ κ. Βασιλείου έπ ισκέφθηκε
Εύρώπης δέχεται τά διεπιστευτήρια τής
πολλές χώρες τής Εύρώπης καίεΙ-χε συναν­
τήσεις μέ Εύρωπα(ους ήγέτες μέ τούς δποί­
ους σ υζήτ ησε τόσο τό κυπριακό δσο καί τίς
σχέσεις τής Κύπρου μέ τήν ΕΟΚ.
·Η
πρώτη έπίσκεψη Βασιλείου στό έξωτερικό
γίνεται στήν 'Αθrjνα στίς 12 Μαρτίου δπου
εl-χε μέ τόν πρωθυπουργό Α. Παπανδρέου
τήν πρώτη συνεργασία του καί κατέστρω­
σαν σ-χέδιο ένεργειών στό κυπριακό ci>στε
τής
Κύπρου.
'Εξ
ιϊλλου
κυβέρνηση τόσο γιά τό κυπριακό δσο καί
κυπριακής κοινοβουλευτικής άντιπροσω­
πείας. 'Εξ άλλου κυπριακές κοινοβουλευ­
τικές άντι προσωπίες έπισκέπτονται
πολλές χώρες ένώ ξένοι ήγέτες καί ξένες
κοινοβουλευτικές καί ι'iλλες άντιπροσω ­
πείες έπισκέπτονται τήν Κύπρο καί εχουν
συνομιλίες πού καλύπτουν τόσο τό κυπρι ­
ακό δσο καί dλλα θέματα.
Γενικά διαρκούντος του
1988
ή κυπρι­
ακή κυηβέρνηση καί ή βουλή άναπτύσουν
τό πρόβλημα νά βγεί άπό τό άδιέξοδο στό
σέ συνεργασία μέ τήν έλληνική κυβέρ­
όποίο βρισκόταν έδώ καί τέσσερα σχεδόν
νηση εντονη δραστηριότητα στό διεθνή
τομέα γιά προβολή τών έλληνικών θέσεων
χρόνια.
Greek Style
σία γιά τήν προώθηση λύσης τοϋ κυπρια­
HOMERIC
REALTY, lnc.
40- 14 Astoήa Boulevard
Long Island City, Ν.Υ. 11103
Tel. 718/204-7400
MANAGEMENT- /NVESTMENTS
MORTGAGES
EMANUEL MORAΠIS
Licensed Real Estate Broker
Demί -Tasse
Hellenic Spirit
Fine Dining
35-03 Broadway
Astoria, Ν. Υ. 11106
ΟΡΕΝ
11
John Λ. Vassilaros & S on, Inc.
Coffee - Tea -
Spίces
29-05 !20th STREH. FLUSHING,
Phone: TU 6-4140
JANUARY, 1989
Ν.Υ.
Α WEEK
12 MIDNIGHT
LUNCH- DINNER
(718) 204-0666
7 DA YS
Α.Μ.-
LIVE MUS/C- Ρ/ΑΝΟ
Tuesday to Sunday
Serνing Oνer
23 Appetizers
10054
51
Ο ΤΥΠΟΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΠΟΔΉΜΩΝ
Μιά ίστορική άναδρομή πού ύπενθυμίζει τίς πολύτιμες
ύπηρεσίες τών έφημερίδων καί περιοδικών στό έξωτερικό
ΤΟΥ ΓΙΩΡΓΟΥ ΚΟΥΚΑ
Τό κείμενο αύτό εΙ ναι όμιλία τοϋ δημοσιογράφου
βολίζει τήν πνευματικήν ίσχύν τών ·Ελλήνων, πού δίασπα τά
σύνορα τών κρατών, ύπερπηδα τά tμπόδια καί, χωρίς νά στη ρίζε­
τα ι παρά μόνο στίς δικές της δυνάμε ι ς, άκτινοβολεί ήθικά σέ δ λα
τά σημεία τής ύδρογείου, δπου ή ίστορ ική μας μοίρα εχει δια­
κ. Γιώργου Κουκά στό συνέδριο τών · Αποδήμων
'Ελλήνων πού άσχολοϋνται στά μέσα ένημερώ­
σεως. Τό συνέδ ριο fγινε στήν ·Αθήνα, τόν περα­
σμένο Ίούνιο. Ό συγγραφεύς τής βαρ υσήμαντης
αύτής μελέτη, εlνα ι προϊστάμενος τοϊί Τμήματος
σπείρει τούς ν Ελληνες. ν Οπου γής ύπάρχουν νΕλληνες, αύτομά­
τως iδρύεται μία πνευματική έστία, καί άπό αύτήν άναπηδά ό
Μελετών καί ·Αναλύσεων τijς Γενικijς Γραμμα­
τείας Τύπου. 'Ένα πρόσφατο βιβ λιο του γιά τόν
έλληνικό Τύπο, fχε ι βραβευθεί άπό τήν · Ακαδη­
τύπος τών άποδήμων.
μία · Αθηνών.
του ·Ελληνισμού, πού φωτίζει καί κρατεί ίiγρυπνο το έθν ικ ό
Έάν πουμ ε δτι ό τύπος τών άποδήμων άποτελεί τή λαμπάδ α
φρό νημα καί συναθροίζει τούς άποδήμους στά έθνικά μας ίδα­
ν ικά , καί τούς διατηρεί σέ σ ύνδεσμο μέ τό tθνικό μας κέντρο, θά
εlνα ι ό καλύτερος ~παινος πρός τόν τύπον του άποδήμου 'Ελλη­
Τό γένος χρωστάει πολλά στή δημοσιογραφία καί στήν
Τυπογραφία του άπόδη μου έλληνισμοu. Στήν ξενητειά γεννή ­
θηκε τό πρώτο Ελλην ικό εντυπο πρίν άπό 500 τόσα χρόνια.
Σήμερα δέν ύπάρχει γωνιά τής γή ς πού νά ζουν 'Έλλη νες καί νά
νισμου ...
Μέσα στό
1465- δώδεκα χρόνια μετά τό πάρσιμο τής πρωτεύ­
ουσας τής Θράκης καί τήν διάλυση του βυζαντινού κράτους καί
έλάχιστα χρόνια μετά τήν tφεύρεση τή ς Τυπογραφίας, στά χυτή­
ρια τής Μαγιεντίας δούλευαν δύο συνεργάτες του πατέρα τής
παγκόσμ ια ς τυπογραφίας Γουτε μβέργιου. τ Η ταν ot Φούστ καί
μή ν εχουν τό δ ικό τους εντυπο, τό δικό τους τυπογραφείο.
"·Ο έλλ ηνικός τύπος τή ς δια σπορaς , λέει ό τ. Πρόεδρος τής
Δημοκ ρατίας καθηγητής Μι χ. Στασινόπουλος, ε{ναι μία άπό τίς
αίώνιες εκδηλώσεις τών ή θικών δυνάμεων του V Εθνους μας. Συμ-
ΕΥΤΥΧΕΣ
ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
NICK ATHANS, President
..,~·····
-.......,π._ --INTERNATIONAL, INC.
I East 42nd Street, New York,
Manhattan
Tel. (212) 599-3355
10017
Long Isιand
516 / 822-7900
16 years of serνice
52
ΝΥ
ιο ιhe
Athens, Greece
Paparigopouιou 3 • 324-5926
Greek-American community.
"NEW YORK"
Σέφφερ. Προσπαθοϋσαν νά τυπώσουν τά
PARADOXA τοϋ Κι κέ­
ij
ρωνα. ·Ο Κικέρωνας δμως χρησιμοποιοϋσε στά κείμενά του
σάν άρχικά μότο πολλών κεφαλαίων τοϋ βιβλίου δλόκληρες
ελληνικές φράσεις ij άρχαία ρητά δπως π. χ. «Τό καλόνάγαθόν».
Στή Γερμανία δμως πού μόλις άνακάλυπτε τήν τυπογραφία έλλη­
νικά τυπογραφικά στοιχεία δέν uπήρχαν.
0{
Φούστ καί Σέφφερ
βρήκαν !!να βυζαντινό χειρόγραφο καί άπό έκεί ξεσήκωσαν τά
πρώτα τυπογραφικά έλληνικά στοιχεία στόν κόσμο. Τό τί βγήκε
DΕτaοιτ GREEK
Houa
OVER 30 YEARS ΟΝ ΤΗΕ AIR
RADIO ST ATION WNZK 690 ΑΜ
Τήν ϊδια χρονιά δμως δύο Cίλλο ι σ υνεργάτες του Γουτεμβέρ­
γιου, δ Γερμανός Σεβενχάϊμ καί δ Τσέχος Παννάρτζ φτάνουν
στήν 'Ιταλία καί ίδρύουν στό μοναστήρι τοϋ Σουμπιάκο, κοντά
στή Ρώμη, τήν πρώτη ίταλική τυπογραφία.
· Αποφασίζουν
νά
τυπώσουν τά κείμενα του σοφου Λακτάνιους πού καί αύτά ε{ χα ν
παρεμβαλλόμενες έλληνικές φράσεις ij καί παραγράφους.
'Όμως έπηρεασμένοι άπό τό θρακιώτικο χειρόγραφο πού εlχαν
γιά πυξίδα, γιά δδηγό στό χάραγμα τών έλληνικών τυπογραφι­
κών στοιχείων, καί ζώντας μακριά άπό τή Γε ρμανία μέ τά σοβαρά
- αύστηρά- γοτθικά της τυπογραφικά στοιχεία βγάζουν άπό τά
χυτήρια του Σουμπιάκο περίτεχνα τά πρώτα έλλη νικά τυπογρα­
φικά γράμματα.
Τριάντα τέσσερα χρόνια άργότερα, τό
1499,
δταν πιά ε {χαν
κυκλοφορήσει δεκάδες καθαρά έλληνικά βιβλία, στή Βενετία ,
ΕΚΠΟΜΠΕΣΣΑΒΒ. 3-4μ.μ. ΚΥΡ. 12μ.μ.- 1 μ.μR.σημβ.
ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΑΛΕΞΆΝΔΡΑ ΚΑΙ ΚΩΣτΑ ΚΑΡΑΚΩΣτΑ
ΑΝΑΚΟΙΝΩΣΕJΣ ΣΑΣ ΣΕ ΑΠΤΑΙΣΤΗ
ζουσε με γάλ η στήν ήλικία ή κόρη του βυζαντινοϋδούκα Λουκά
Νοταρά, • Αννα, πού δέν ήταν Cίλλη άπό τήν μνηστή του αύτο­
κράτορα Κωνσταντίνου Παλαιολόγου. Ξεκίνησε dπό τήν Κων­
σταντινούπολη
μετά
τόν
Cίτυχο
άρραβώνα
της
μέ
τόν
Κωνσταντίνο Παλαιολόγο, εφθασε στή Ρώμη, γεύθηκε ~ντονα
τόν άπόηχο της πτώσης τfjς Πόλης κι εταξε t:να σκοπό στή ζωή
ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚJfΉ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΗ ΓΛΩΣΣΑ
Καλύπτει μιά περιφέρεια 80 μιλίων γύρω άπό τό
Detroit καί άκούγεται στό Michigan, Canada καί
Ohio. Σέ μιά περιοχή πού διαμένουν πλέον άπό
100.000
τελικά στόν τυπωμένο Κικέρωνα ε{ναι μιά ι'iλλη ίστορία. Μιά
τυπογραφική άράδα έλληνόμορφη καί τίποτε Cίλλο.
της: νά άναστήσει έκεί στά ξένα, στή Βενετία, τήν πατρίδα τ ης.
Μητρόπολη τών ξερριζωμένων
'Έλληνες.
·Η έλληνική κοινότητα της Βενετίας συγκροτήθηκε σέ πολι­
ΓΡΑΨΑΤΕ Η ΤΗΛΕΦΩΝΗΣΑΤΕ
τικές καί στρατιωτικέ ς βάσεις. · Εδώ ε{χε συγκεντρωθεί δλό­
COST AS KARACOST AS
200 RENAISSANCE SUΠE 511, DETROJτ,
Phone: (313) 259-4010
κληρη
ΜΙ.
48243
ή
βυζαντινή
·Ελλάδα.
'Η ταν
-
c'iν
μποροϋμε
νά
χρησιμοποιήσουμε τή ν Ι:κφραση- ή μητρόπολη τοϋ ξερριζωμέ­
νου έλληνισμου, τώ ν άποδήμων.
·Η
.. Αννα
Νοταρά έπεδίωκε νά οργανώσει μιά νέα βυζαντινή
κοινωνία πού θά άνάσταινε τόν νέο έλληνισμό, αύτόν πού δέν
μπόρεσε νά στήσε ι δ άρραβωνιαστ ι κός τ η ς αύτοκράτορας. Νά
τόν άναπτύξει, νά τόν σηκώσει άπό τά πόδια στά γόνατα κι άπό
έκεί δρθιο.
Ν.
Gregory
Apostle
·Η • Αννα Νοταρά ε{ χε σχέδια μεγαλεπήβολα. Μάζεψε γύρω
της δλους τούς ξενητεμένους. Μαζί της ε lχαν ~ρθε ι στήν ·Ιταλία
καί χιλιάδες στρατιώτες άπό τό ήττημένο Βυζάντιο ζητώντ α ς
καταφύγ ιο στή Δύση. Τήν πίστευαν, τήν λάτρευ αν.
'Η Νοταρά διέταξε τόν στρατό αύτό νά uπηρετήσει τήν Βενε­
τία σάν «δεύτε ρη πατρίδα». Ζήτησε δμως άπό τούς δόγηδες
,
ευχεται
σ· όλόκληρη τήν "Ομογένεια
άντάλλαγμα μιά «πατρίδα-χώρο» καί μιάν έκκλησία. Τά πήρε.
'Ο στρατιώτης-ποιητής Μάρουλλος, δ «θεσπέσιος άοιδός »,
δπως τόν όνόμαζαν στήν 'Ιταλία, θά διακηρύξει λίγο άργότερα
«στά 1500» δτι μόνο ή έπανάσταση στήνίδια τήν Έλλάδα θά
εφερνε τή λευτεριά. VΕτσι δηλαδή δπως εγινε 321 χρόνια μετά τή
διακήρυξη τοϋ Μάρουλλου γιά τήν έλληνική ••πτωχή φυλή".
· Η ~ Αννα Νοταρά εlχε άναπτύξει μεγάλες σχέσεις μέ τήν
Γαλλία καί τή Φλωρεντινή Δημοκρατ ία . Ήταν μιά δραστήρια
ΕΥΤΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
Ό Πρόεδρος, ό ·1ερατ. Προϊστάμενος
χ:αί τό Συμβούλιο τής ίστοριχ:ής
Κοινότητος τοϋ
Riverdale Funeral Home Inc.
( •Αποστολόπουλος)
Constantinidis Funeral Parlor
(2 ι 2) 942-4000
JANUARY, 1989
ΑΓΙΟΥ ΣΠΥΡΙΔΩΝΟΣ
Εύχονται Εύτυχtς το Νέο 'Έτος σ ' όλα τιi
μέλη, εύεργέτες καi ύποστηρικτές, καi
σ' όλόκληρη τfιν ·ομογένεια
124 WADSWORτH AVENUE, Ν.Υ., Ν.Υ. 10033
TEL. SW 5-5870
53
γυναίκα στήν όποία όφείλει πολλά τό σημερινο f:λληνικό ~θνος .
·Η δράση της δμως οuτε κάν ε{ ναι γνωστή σήμερα στήν
'Ελλάδα. Τό 1472 ή Φλωρεντινή Δημοκρατία της παραχώρησε
τό φρούριο Μοντακούτι στή Σιένα, γιά νά έγκατασταθοϋν οί
'Έλληνες πρόσφυγες άπό τίς κατεχόμενες καί χαμένες πιά πατρί­
δες. Καί τό 1499 iδρύει τυπογραφείο στή Βενετία. 'Εκεί σ ' αύτή
τήν f:λ λ ηνική φωλιά πού τήν προστάτευε ή άγάπη της w Αννας
Νοταρά δούλεψαν μόνο 'Έλληνες. ~ Ελληνες ο{ έμπνευστές,
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1499 μιάς ~κδοσης πού
tχει σάν τίτλο της "' Ετυμολογικόν Μέγα ... Γιά τό βιβλίο αύτό
είπώθηκε τόν περασμένο αίώνα δτι «άποτελεί μοναδική καί
μεγαλοπρεπή παρουσία στόν χώρο τών εκδόσεων .. η δτι ή «tμφά­
νιση αύτοϋ του άριστουργήματος της τυπογραφίας εlναι γεγονός
πού άποτελεί σταθμό στά χρονικά της f:λληνικt;ς τυπογραφίας ...
'Όλα τουτα άναφέρονται δχι γιά νά είπωθεί δτι ο{ έλληνικές
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μεγιστάνες τfjς Πόλης, άλλά ο! ίδιοι δέν μποροϋσαν νά κάνουν
τίποτε γιά νά τήν μειώσουν. 'Ο ' Ιωσήφ Νάζης ήταν άνθρωπος
μορφωμένος μέ πνεϋμα άνοιχτό καί βοηθουσε τούς λογίους τής
πάλαι ποτέ βασιλεύουσας.
Πέθανε σχετικά νέος στό κτήμα του στό Μπελβεντέρε τής
Κωνσταντινούπολης, στίς 2 Αύγούστου 1579. Μέ τήν διαθήκη
του δριζε στ ή γυναίκα του Ρεί:να, μεταξύ τών dλλων, νά συνεχίσει
νά βοηθά τούς πνευματικούς άνθρώπους τής Πόλης. Στά 20 χρό­
νια πού !:ζη σε ή Ρεiνα μετά τόν θάνατο του Νάζη ~κανε πολλά γιά
τήν άνάπτυξη τοϋ πνεύματος. 'Ένα άπό αύτά ήταν καί ή έγκατά­
σταση μέσα στό μέγαρό της στήν συνοικία του Πέραν της
Πόλης, μεγάλου τυπογραφείου, στό όποίο τυπώθηκαν πάρα
πολλά έβραϊκά βιβλία (άπλά καί συγγράμματα). οι ερευνες
εχουν άποδείξει δτι ή Ρεiνα προχώρησε καί στό τύπωμα f:λληνι-
Αννας
Νοταρά, άλλά γιά ~ναν dλλο λόγο πού συνδέεται μέ τήν Θράκη
μας.
'Επάνω στό «Μέγα Έτυμολογικόν» δ συνεργάτης της Η Αννα ς
Νοταρά, δ καταγόμενος άπό τήν Κωνσταντινούπολη καί τήν
Κρήτη χαράκτης καί μέγας καλλιτέχνης Νίκος Βλαστός άποτ ύ­
πωσε διάφορα τυπογ ραφικά σχέδια, κοσμήματα, άρχικά γράμ­
ματα , διακοσμητικές φάσεις ή κεφαλίδες.
Τά γραμμικά αύτά κοσμητικά στοιχεία τοϋ βιβλίου τά δανεί­
ζεται άπό τά φορέματα της· Αννας Νοταρά πού εlχε φέρει μαζί
της άπό τήν Πόλη. Τά κοσμήματα αύτά τά διακρίνουμεσέ πολλά
iiμφια ίερέων άλλά καί σήμερα σέ κεντήματα τής περιοχής
Σουφλίου.
• Η παράδοση πέρασε άπό χέρι σέ χέρι, άπό γενιά σέ γενιά καί
tφθασε άπό τό 1499 νά ζεί σήμερα μέ τήν ψιλοβελονιά στά
σουφλιουτούδικα κεντήματα. Στόν iiλλο συνεργάτης της τυπο­
γράφο Ζαχαρία Καλλέργη , ή 'Άννα, κόρη ποτέ τοu Μεγάλου
Δουκός κυρ Λουκά Νοταρά , παραχωρεί σάν εμβλημα τοϋ τυπο­
γραφείου του τή γραμμική άπεικόνιση τοϋ δικέφαλου βυζαντι­
νοϋ άετου, αύτοκρατορικου γνωρίσματος πού μόνο αύτή εlχε
δικαιωματικά καί πού τότε συμβόλιζε ττήν ύπόμνηση καί τήν
·Ο άρχαιότερος στην
· Αμερικη
ΠΑΓΧΙΑΚΟΣ ΣΥΛΛΟΓΟΣ
«ΚΟΡΑΗΣ»
ΝΕΑΣ ΥΟΡΚΗΣ
Εύχεται στά μέλη του, σ
·
όλόκληρη
την Όμογένεια 'Αμερικής καί στιz
άδέλφια μας τής άκριτικής Χίου
ΕΥΓΥΧΕΣ ΤΟ ΝΕΟ ΕΤΟΣ
Ό κ. ΝΙΚΟΣ ΓΑΛΑΝΟΣ
'Ιδιοκτήτης τής
Στήν άπαρχή λοιπόν τών φώτων τής παγκόσμιας τυπογρα­
φίας σκαπανέας ή Θράκη. Πού συνεχίζει παρά τόν ζυγό καί τόν
GALANOS SHIP
SUPPLY CO.
άπεινη διωγμό, νά μεταλαμπαδεύει τό φώς. " Ετσι σιγά-σιγά ή
Εϋχεται στον έφοπλιστικο κόσμο,
παρηγοριά .
νέα, ή μοντέρνα τυπογραφική τέχνη κατακτά καί τήν Πόλη.
καί δλους τοvς ναυτιλλομένους
ΚΑΛΑ ΧΡΙΣ1'0ΥΓΕΝΝΑ
ΚΑΛΗ ΧΡΟΝΙΑ
Σaς εϋχονται ή διεύθυνση
559 SOUTH CΟΝCΕΡΊΊΟΝ STREET
POST OFFICE ΒΟΧ 96
MOBILE, ALABAMA, 36601 - TEL. (205) 433-1816
καί τό προσωπικό του
νέου, πλήρως άνακαινισθέντος
έλληνικοv έστιατορίου
CAVO D'ORO
36-15
DiτMARS
BLVD, ASTORIA
TEL: (718) 274-4038
ΚΑΒΟ ΝΊΟΡΟ. ΤΟ ΜΑΓ ΑΖΙ
ΠΟΥ ΘΑ ΓΙΝΕΙ ΤΟ ΣΤΕΚΙ ΣΑΣ
Διατίθε ται γιά δλες τίς κοινωνικές σας tκδηλώσεις
54
OYSTER ΒΑΥ
CRYSTAL PALACE
31-01 BROADWAY, ASTORIA, L.l. 11106
ΤΗ. (718) 545-8402 καί (718) 545-2990
•Ανετες,
πολιτισμένες dίθοuσες
γιά όλες τίς κοινωνικές σας έκδηλώσεις,
Ιδιωτικές κοί συλλογικές
'Αδελφοί ΤΟΜ καi ΠΩΛ ΚΑΛΑΜΑΡΑΙ
"NEWYORK"
κών βιβλίων. Μάλιστα γιά τό σκοπό αύτό ε{χαν χυθεί άπό τούς
·Εβραίους καί 'Έλληνες τυπογράφους καί έλληνικά στοιχεία.
Ξέρουμε δτι τό τυπογραφείο αύτό άναπτύχθηκε πολύ στήν περί­
οδο αύτή καί μέχρι τό θάνατο τής Ρεϊνας τό 1599.
σχέσεις μέ τούς πρεσβευτές τής 'Αγγλίας Τόμας Ρόου καί τής
'Ολλανδίας Κορνέλιους Χάγκα . Στόχος τών
3
φίλων ήταν δ
ίησουτισμός πού έπηρέαζε πολύ τόν σουλτάνο. 'Όταν δ Λούκα­
ρις εγινε σέ λίγο Πα τριάρχης, dρχισε νά «δένε ι» τό όνειρο πού
εlχε κάνει στό Λβώφ: ενα τυ πογραφείο γιά τήν Κωνσταντινού­
πολη. Γιά τόν σκοπό αύτόν συνεννοήθη κ ε μέ τόν ίερωμένο Νικό­
δημο Μεταξά άπό τήν Κεφαλλονιά , πού ε{ χε ίδρύσει παλαιότερα
Τό πρώτο έλληνικό τυπογραφείο
τό έλληνικό τυπογραφείο του Λονδίνου. 'Ο ίστορικός κ. Σάθας
Τό πρώτο καθαρά έλληνικό τυπογραφείο ίδρύθηκε άπό τόν
Πατριάρχη Κωνσταντινουπόλεως Κύριλλο Β Λουκάρι. ·Ο Λού­
καρις γεννήθηκε στό 'Ηράκλειο τής Κρήτης τό
μέ φρικτό θάνατο στήν Πόλη τό 1638.
1572 καί πέθανε
Τό 1584- παιδάκι άκόμη - πfϊγε στήν Ίταλία δπου γιά πολλά
χρόνια σπούδασε σέ σχολεία καί πανεπιστήμια. Τέλειωσε τίς
σπουδές του στά 1593 καί γύρισε στήν ·Ελλάδα. Μόλις 21 έτών
χειροτονήθηκε διάκονος άπό τόν Πατριάρχη 'Αλεξανδρείας
Μελέτιο Πηγ<'i, 6 όποίος τόν εστειλε μέ σοβαρή άποστολή στήν
Πολωνία. 'Έπειτα έγκαταστάθηκε στήν πόλη Λβώφ, δπου, νεα­
ρότατος, 'ίδρυσε σχολή καί τυπογραφείο. 'Εδώ, στό πολωνικό
βοεβοδάτο τοϋ Λβώφ , ονειρεύτηκε νά ίδρύσει καί τυπογραφείο
στήν Πόλη. Σέ λίγα χρόνια γύρισε έκεί καί άμέσως άνέπτυξε
άναφέρει τά έξής γιά τόν Μεταξa:
«Βλέπων δ Νικόδημος τήν εtς τό eθνος έπικρατουσαν άμά­
θειαν, διά τήν eλλειψιν των πρός διάδοσιν ώφελίμων βιβλίων
άναγκαιούντων, συνέλαβε τήν άξιέπαινον ίδέαν'ίνα συστήση έν
'Αγγλία τυπογραφείον καί έκδώση τά διά τόν λαόν τής · Ελλά­
δος χρήσιμα βιβλία ... ».
ΥΕβλεπε δμως δτι ••έν Λονδίνω δένήδύνατοϊνα καταστή τόσον
ώφέλιμος εiς τό eθνος δσον έάν κατεβαίνων έξήσκη τήν πολύτι­
μον τέχνην έν αύτη τη 'Ελλάδα ... », 'Από τήν Πόλη λοιπόν ό
Μεταξάς εφυγε γ ιά τό Λονδίνο, κρυφά μήν τό μάθουν οι 'Ιησουί­
τες. Μέ συστατικές έπιστολές τοϋ 'Άγγλου πρεσβευτή eφθασε
στήν άγγλική πρωτεύουσα καί προμηθεύτηκε πλήρεις τυπογρα­
φικές έγκαταστάσεις. Τό 1672 φορτώνει σέ κάποιο φορτηγό
πλοίο, πιεστήριο, τυπογραφικά στοιχεία σέ κάσες, θρησκευτικά
βιβλία καί dλλο ύλικό καί βάζει πλώρη γιά τήν Πόλη. Μέ κάθε
μυστικότητα καί μέ τήν προστασία του Τόμας Ρόου ξεφορτώθη ­
SEASONS GREET!NGS
καν τά πολύτιμα φορτία. Τό τυπογραφείο στήθηκε κοντά στό
σπίτι τοϋ πρεσβευτή, γιά νά ύπάρχει καί ή προστασία τής πρε­
σβείας. Τόν Ίούνιο τοϋ
"STEEL FABRICATION"
1627
liρχισε νά λειτουργεί. Καί τότε
δημιουργήθηκαν τεράστια προβλήματα. Οί 'Ιησουίτες άπειλοϋ­
σαν νά σκοτώσουν τόν τυπογράφο ίερωμένο Νικόδημο Μεταξ<'i.
Κι έκείνος τά βράδια, σάν eφευγε άπό τό τυπογραφείο γιά τό
σπίτι του εlχε συνοδούς δικούς του άνθρώπους γιά προστασία.
Τό πρώτο βιβλίο πού έκδόθηκε ε{χε τόν τίτλο ••Τοϋ Μακαριωτά­
του καί σοφωτάτου πατρός ήμών Πάπα καί Πατριάρχου 'Αλε­
PETER ELIOU
127 ΚΑΝΤ Α VENUE
BROOKLΥΝ, NEW YORK, Ν.Υ. 11211
TEL. (718) 782-5480
ξανδρείας,
τά
νϋν
δέ
οίκουμενικοϋ
Κωνσταντινουπόλεως
Κυρίλλου, σύντομος κατά 'Ιουδαίων , έν άπλή διαλέκτω πρός
Γεώργιον Πάργα ν έτυπώθει έν Κωνσταντινουπόλει δαπάναις καί
έπιμελεία του πανοσιωτάτου έν ί ερομονάχο ις κύριοι Νικοδήμου
Μεταξά έν ετει ••αχκ ζ» . ··Στούς έπτά μή νες της ζωής του τυπογρα­
φείου βγήκαν aπό αύτό πολλά θρησκευτικά βιβλία μέ aντιπα­
πικό
περιεχόμενο.
Οί
Κατανικοϋντες , γράφει
'Ιησουίτες
6
άντιδρουσαν
σθεναρά.
Σάθας, τόν εiς τά συμφέροντά των
έπικείμενον κίνδυνον έκ τής διαδόσεως συγγραμμάτων άντιπαπι­
κών, άπεφάσισαν διά παντός τρόπου νά ποιήσωσιν έκποδών τό
κίνδυνον έκείνον καί πρός έπιτυχίαν τοϋ σκοποϋ των μεταχειρί­
σθηκαν τό δπλο έκείνο, δπερ συνήθως μεταχειρίζονται α{ μικρο­
πρεπείς,
αί
φθονεραί
καί
διεστραμμέναι
καρδίαι:
τήν
συκοφαντίαν » . ΥΕκαναν άναφορά στόν Μεγάλο Βεζίρη , στήν
όποία ελεγαν δ τι οί 'Έλληνες μέ τά βιβλία πού διαβάζουν ετοιμά­
ζονται γιά έπανάσταση καί πόλεμο έναντίον τοϋ σουλτάνου , πού
θά ξεκινοϋσε άπό τό τυπογραφείο: Οί σκοποί τους πέτυχαν.
Ή συνέχεια: Στό προσεχές τεύχος
DINNER
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Just West of
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CLOSED MONDAY
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JANUARY, 1989
Ι 53
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55
Σέ δλους τούς Συλλόγους
καί σέ δλους τούς ~Ομογενείς
Εύχόμαστε
Kl&ΔBll
ΜΕ ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΗ ΤΗΝ
INO.W'BZ
ι
MAPTYPIKH
ΜΑΣ ΚΥΠΡΟ
Dαγ1:ιu:ι:ιρ~::~ ς
ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΟΣ ΑΜΕΡΙΚΗΣ
~Από τό Δ.Σ. καί τά μέλη τών όμίλων μας
ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΤΙΚΟΥ- ΑΘΛΗΤΙΚΟΥ- ΝΕΟΛΑΙΑΣ
56
" NEW YORK "
ΤΟ ΕΛΛΗΝΟΑΜΕΡΙΚΑΝΙΚΟ ΔΙΉΓΗΜΑ
Ο ΤΑΜ ΚΑΙ Ο ΤΑΜΥ
Τής ΘΕΑΝΩΣ ΠΑΠΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ-ΜΑΡΓΑΡΗ
·Ο Τάμυ καί ό Τάμ ήρθαν στήν
·Α μερική μαζί. Πρώτα ξαδέλφια (δύο
άδερφών παιδιά) καί ε'ίχανε τό 'ίδιο
όνομα - του παπού τους , πού τόν Ελε­
γαν Θανάση.
Ό Τάμυ δύο χρόνια
μ εγαλύτερος άπό τόν Τάμ, μά ενα
κεφάλι κοντότερος. Γι· αuτό ή πελα­
τεία του τόν ελεγε Τάμυ- Θανασάκι σά
νά λέμε. ·Ο Τάμ δέν είχε πελατεία. Δέν
είχε μαγαζί αuτός. Αύτός δούλευε στου
Φόρντ καί τόν φωνάζαν Τάμ στό έργο­
στάσιο. Δέ του ταίριαζε δά καί Τάμυ!
Τί Θανασάκης; Θανάσαρος αύτός!
'Αλλά μή νομίσει κανείς πώς δέν
μπήκε ποτέ ό Τάμ σέ μπίζινες. τί Γ ραι­
κοαμερικάνος θά' ταν aμα ποτέ του δέν
dνοιξε καναδυό μαγαζιά κι αύτός! Τό
μαναβομπακάλικο του Τάμυ μαζί τό
dνοιξαν τά δύο ξαδέρφια. Μά ήρθε
κείνο τό ντεπρέσιον τότες, κείνη ή
άνεργία καί ή δυσπραγία, καί πούλησε
τό μερτικό του ό Τάμ στόν Τάμυ μιfiς
καί ψωμί γιά δύο δέν εδινε μήτε στόν
καλό καιρό. Κατόπι, σάν ήρθαν μέρες
καλύτερες πάλι κι άνοίξαν τά έργοστά­
σια, ό Τάμ tπιασε δουλειά στό αύτοκι­
νητάδικο καί μήτε ν, ακούσει γιά δικό .
τους μαγαζί! «Κάλλιο στό έργοστάσιο
πού δουλεύω μονάχα όχτώ ώρες τήν
ήμέρα κι tχω καιρό τό βράδυ νά δια­
βάζω σάν dνθρωπος τήν έφημερίδα
μου, κι tχω δικά μου καί τά Σαββατο­
κύριακα νά πηγαίνω κολύμπι, ψάρεμα,
κυνήγι, παρά σκλάβος σέ δικό μου
μαγαζί δεκαοχτώ ώρες τήν ήμέρα κι
δλες τί μέρες τής βδομάδας» ελεγε.
Ήρθε τό Πέρλ Χάρμπορ- πόλεμος!
Στρατολόγησε
ή
·Αμερική
ώς
τά
σαραντατέσσερα. 'Ο Τάμυ γλύτωσε τή
στρατολογία
γιατί
κείνο
τό
καιρό
μπήκε στά 45 του. Τόν Τάμ θά τόν
στρατολογούσανε (ήταν στά 43 του
άκόμα) μά γλύτωσε κι αύτός, έπειδή τό
αύτοκινητάδικο είχε πολλές κυβερνη­
τικές παραγγελίες (τζίπς θαρρώ) καί
ήταν ενα μέτωπο σπουδαίο καί ή πολε­
μική παραγωγή.
'Όταν τέλεψε ό πόλεμος δ Τάμ βρέ­
θηκε μ' άρκετά δολλάρια. Γιατί δού­
λεψε όβερτάϊμ- ύπερωρίες - μέ τόν
πόλεμο καί πληρωνότανε τή μιά ωρα
γιά δύο. 'Όμως ό Τάμυ δέν βρέθηκε
μόνο μ· άρκετά, άλλά μέ πολλά! δπως
τότε δλοι πού είχαν δικές τους
έπιχειρή σεις .
Θέλανε τώρα τά δύο ξαδέρφια νά
πfiνε στήν 'Ελλάδα νά δουν ε τούς
δικούς τους, τό χωριό τους, καί νά
φέρουν κι άπό μιά νύφη. Μά δ Τάμυ δέ
μπορουσε νά . βρεί ανθωπο καί γιά
Γ
~Ο
Dr.
Πέτρος Διαμαντόπουλος
Πρόεδρος του Πανεπιστημίου
ADELPHI
Εϋχεται στήν ~Ομογένεια
καί σέ όλόκληρο τόν Έλληνισμό
,,
,
ειρηνη, υγεια και ευτυχια
,
, , ,,
~,
~,
για το νεο ετος
ADELPHI UNIVERSITY
ι
JANUARY, 1989
SOUTH Α VENUE
GARDEN CITY, Ν.Υ. 11530
TEL. (516) 294-8700
57
λίγον καιρό, θα' χανε τήν πελατεία πού
χωριό, κι έγώ, θυγατέρα δημάρχου'
'ίδρωσε ν' άποκτήσ ει. κ ι ετσι πήγε
μόνος του δ Τάμ, κάθησ ε εξι μήνες,
πήρα έσένα τ όν άχ ρηστο άπένταρο
«' Εγώ μέ τίς έφη μερίδες καί τά
βιβλία μου eχω θ ησαυρίσε ι στό μυα λό
πού eχε ις χωμένη τή μύτη σου κάθε
μου! Καί είναι θησαυρός αύτός πού
είδε, δπως μiiς είπε ολη τήν 'Ελλάδα,
βράδυ σέ βιβλία κι έφημερίδες
κι εφερι: μαζί του μιά ο μορφη γυναίκα
σάμπως άμα δέ διαβάσεις τά νέα θά
σταματήσει ό κόσμος τήν πορεία του
(αύτός τώρα διάβαζε περισσότερο γιά
νά μήν τήνάκούει) καί τί προκοπή εκα­
νες πού διαβάζεις; ' Ο ξάδερφός σου,
πού τό όμολογεί ό ίδιος πώ ς τριάντα
χρόνια στήν ' Αμερική έφημερίδα δέν
dνο ιξε, μήτε έλληνική , μήτε άμερικά­
νικη , ε καμε βιός, πε ριο υσία αύτός!» κι
έπειδή συνήθειο τ' άνθρώπου στόν
ξένο τόπο πρώτα νά μαθαίνει τά κακά
λόγια, τελι:ίωνε: «είσαι ενας γκούντ
φόρ νόθινγκ» πού θά πεί είσαι καλός
γ ιά τίποτα- δηλαδή ίiχρηστος καί κάτι
κανένας νά μοϋ τόν άφαιρέσει δέν μπο­
ρεί» καί ϋ στερα άράδιαζε πόσο σπου­
πού ό πατέρας της ήταν δήμαρχος του
χωριου τους, κι ήταν μωρό αύτή τότες
πού ξεκί ν ησε γ ι ά τ ήν 'Αμερική δ Τάμ .
Μετά
κάνά
χρόνο
βρήκε
γιά τό
μαγαζί του άνθρωπο έμπιστοσύνης (ii
άπό άνάγκη παραδέχτηκε πώ ς βρήκε)
ό Τάμυ καί πή γε κι αύτός νά πάρει
παπού τσι άπό τόν τό πο του (λένε πώς
ζήλεψε τήν εύτυχία του Τάμ πού θά
γινόταν καί πατέρας, καί λέν καί πώς
ijθ ελε καί νά ξεφύγει καί τά δίχτυα μιας
'Ιρλανδής πελάτισσά ς του πού προ­
σπαθοϋ σε νά τόν τυλ ίξει) κί άνάψανε
παραπάνου.
τόν πολυέλ αιο τή μ έρα πού στεφανώ­
θηκε, καί δώρισε καμπαναριό στήν
·Ο Τάμ τώρα στεναχωριότανε πολύ
μήν ξεπέσει στά μάτια του παι διοϋ του
κι άρχίσει κι αύτό, δπως ή μάνα του, νά
τόνε λέει .. γκούντ φόρ νόθινγκ•• καί
κάθησε καί σκ έφτηκε πώς νά έξουδετε­
ρώ νε ι τό δη λητή ριο πού εχυνε ή
γυναίκα του στήν ψυχούλα τοϋ παι­
δ ιοϋ, καί μόλις τελείωνε αύτή, <'iρχιζε
έκκλη σί α τοϋ χωριού του κι άκού­
στηκε τό όνομα του!
Καί τότες άρχίζουνε δώ τά βάσαν
τοϋ Τάμ!
Ή γυναίκα τοu Τάμ δέν χώνευε καί
δέν καταδεχότανε τή γυναίκα του
Τάμ υ!
«Αύτή
ή
ξυπόλυτη ,
άπ'
ετσι
τίς
κολυβογειτονι ές , πήρ ε άντ ρα μέ λεφτά
έ κ ε ίνο ς:
δαίο
είναι
νά
είναι
δ
<'iνθρωπος
έργάτη ς:
« Χω ρίς τά χέρια τοϋ έ ργάτη σταμα­
τάει ή ζωή στή γ ή!. .. Μήτε πλοίο
σαλεύει στ ό νερό, μήτε τρένο στή στ ε­
ριά , μήτε κίνηση στήν πόλη , μήτε ήλε­
χτρισμός - σκοτάδι καί νέκρα χωρ ίς
αύτά τά τιμ η μένα χέρ ια του έργάτη! ... »
Καί τής eλεγε καί πώς είχε ίδέες παμ­
πάλαιες καί σκουριασμένες άφοϋ δέ
γνώριζε πώς τοϋτος είναι ό αίώνας τοϋ
έργαζόμενου άνθρώπου καί πώς ό
έργάτης ζεί μ ' άξιοπρέπεια σήμερα κι
όχι σάν τόν μιιφοεπιχειρηματία πού
κάνει τεμενάδες μπρός στόν πελάτη
του μή τόνε χάσει: «ό έργάτης είναι ό
βασιλιάς το ϋ κόσμο υ» φώναζε καί τό
παιδί του τόν άκουγε μέ θαυμασμό
(ήταν άκόμα στ ή ν ήλικία πού θαυμάζει
τό παιδί τόν πατέρα του) κι ί:νιωθε
χαρά καί ύπερηφάνεια δ Τάμ. Γιατί
πολύ φοβότανε μήν πάθει κάνα ψυχικό
τραϋμα τό παιδί του άμα θρυψάλιζε
καί δ ικό του μαγαζ ί , κι έγώ, μιά δημαρ­
χοπούλα, πού τό σπίτι μας δίπατο καί
στήν πιάτσα, πήρα έσένα» ελεγε μέ
πίκρα καί θυμό κ ι e β λεπε μέ περιφρό­
νηση κι eχθρα τόν Τάμ.
Κι δταν μπήκε ό χειμώνας κι άγό­
ΗΑΡΡΥ
ρασι: ό Τάμυ μί νκγούνα γ ιά τή γυναίκα
του,
ι;
σκασει
'
'..
γυναίκα
τοϋ
Τάμ
πήγε
νά
1
ΤΟ
NEW YEAR
ALL OUR FRIENDS
Καί σάμπως νά μήν eφτανε αύτό, πού
κάπως τό βόλεψε ό Τάμ (άγόρασε κι
αύτός γούνα μίνκ γιά τή γυναίκα του μέ
δόσεις τόσα κάτου καί τόσα κάθε
μήνα έπί δύο χρόνια), τήν άνοιξ η άγο­
MR & MRS
PETER CONSTANTINE
ρά ζει ό Τάμυ κι ενα νεόχ τισο σπίτι. Μέ
δόσεις τ' άγόρασε αύτό ό Τάμυ.
Εί κοσι
χ ρόνια
προθεσμία
νά
τό
ξεπ ληρώσει!
Μά δ Τάμ πώς νά άγοράσει σπίτι ,
ε στω καί μέ δόσεις, πού χρειαζότανε
ΚΑΛΗ
XPONIA
ΣΊΉΝ ΕΚΛΕΚΤΉ ΠΕΛΑΤΕΙΑ ΜΑΣ
κάπου δύο χιλιάδες δολλάρια προκα­
ταβ ολή, καί μέ τό ταξ ίδι, τό γάμο του ,
ΚΑΙ Σ' ΟΛΟΥΣ ΤΟΥΣ ΦΙΛΟΥΣ
τό παιδί, eμεινε δίχως σέντσι! ... Τόν
Ετρωγε κάθε μέρα ή γυναίκα του! ..
«άνάξιε, άκαμάτη, άχαiρευτε! ... δ
μισός άπό σένα ό ξάδε ρφός σου καί
μπ ορεί νά σέ κουκουλώσει μέ τά δολ­
λάριά του (πάντα λογαριάζουμε πε ρισ­
σότερα άπ ' δσα είναι τ' άλλουνου τά
δολλά ρια), καί κι:ίνη ή γυναίκα του,
πού μπο ρ εί άκόμα νά ξύσε ις μέ κερα­
ΤΗΕ ΡΑΝΤΗΕΟΝ
μί δι τή βρώμα άπ' τίς φτέρνες της , eχι: ι
dντρα μπίζνεσμαν καί μπο ρεί καί στέλ­
νει του κόσμου τά καλά στούς δικούς
της άπό δώ καί τή ζηλεύουν δλες στό
58
"Α
Taste of Greece"
Greek American Cuίsίne
and
Musίc Nightly
108 BROAD AVE
PALISADE PARK, NEW JERSEY
(201) 945-7292
"NEW YORK"
στήν ψυχούλα του ή μάνα του τήν
μαγαζί νά περνά τήν rορα της καί νά
Τάμυ, πού .δμως ιrιiνηκε κατόπι . τf.'·(r
πίστη καί τήν περηφάνεια του γιά τόν
πατέρα του - μήν πάθει κάνα σύμπλε­
μαθαίνει κι άμερικάνικα) τοϋ είπε πώς
πάρει πολύ κατάκαρδα πού θά' χανε τό
θά κάνουν καλά νά τό κλείσουν προτοϋ
τούς φάει ό συναγωνισμός καί τή
μαγ αζί του!
γμα
κατωτερότητας
(διάβαζε
καί
Φρόιντ δ Τάμ) άν νόμιζε πώς γεννή­
στερνή πεντάρα τους ( φώς - φανερό
πώς τό Σοϋπερ Μάρκετ είχε σκοπό νά
σαρώσει άπό τή μέση τόν Τάμυ) μά
ποιός άντρας ακούει τή γυναίκα του
χωρίς νά είναι πολύ σοφός;
θηκε άπό παρακατιανό πατέρα.
Μά χειροτέρεψαν τά πράματα!
Στήν γειτονιά πού ήτανε τό μαγαζί
τοϋ Τάμυ, γκρεμίσανε τά παλιά σπίτια
Καί δέν είναι κι εύκολο νά παρατή­
καί σπιτάκια νά ύψώσουν πολυκατοι­
κίες πού άγγίζουνε τόν ούρανό, θά νοι­
κιάζονταν σ. aνθρώπους μέ καλό
εισόδημα - γιατρούς, δικηγόρους,
δασκάλους καί εiδικεμεύνους έργάτες
πού
κάνουν
περισσότερα
σεις ε να μαγαζί πού ξόδεψες μέσα τά
νειάτα σου καί νά βγείς νά γυρεύεις
aλλο χωρίς νά ξέρεις τί θά σοϋ τύχει!
Μήτε καί μπορεί νά τό κλείσεις καί νά
δουλέψεις γι' άλλον μετά τριάντα χρό­
νια πού τjσουν εμπορας ό 'ίδιος- έπιχει­
ρηματίας! ... Καί είναι καί οί ερμες οί
έλπίδες πού δέν τόν άφήνουν τόν
aνθρωπο δσο πού νά βγεί ή ψυχή
του! ... Στή γειτονιά αύτή γνώριζαν τόν
Τάμυ άκόμα καί οί πέτρες! .. Δέ θά τόν
έγκίlταλείπανε! .. Θά πουλοϋσε δά καί
φτηνά- θά πάλευε μέ τόν Σουπερ Μάρ­
κετ - εστω κι άν δέν εβγαζε κέρδος
καθόλου, ή κι εχανε!
λεφτά
κάποτε άπό τούς γιατρούς καί τούς
δασκάλους καί τούς δικη γόρους.
•Η
γυνοίκα
τniί
Τιiμυ
φο~iότrινF.
τώρα νά μή τήνε θεωρήσουν ώς κατώ­
τερή τους οί καλ fjς τάξης άνθρωποι
πού θα' χανε ώς πελατεία καί τόν κατά­
φερε νά δώσουν τό Σεβρολέ τους καί ν·
άγοράσουν Κάντιλακ νά φανοϋν πλού­
σιοι! Κι δταν ή aλλη, ή γυναίκα τοϋ
Τάμ, τήν είδε μέσα σέ κείνη τήν αύτο­
κινητάρα πfjγε νά σκάσει άπό τό κακό
της πιά γιά καλά!
Μά τό Σουπερ Μάρκετ έξόν τή φτή­
νια ήταν καί παλάτι κι aνοιγε ή καρδιά
σου σάν εμπαινες μέσα. τί φωτισμός­
τύφλα νά χει ό τjλιος μπρός σέ τέτοιο
φωτισμό! Καί τί τάξη! τί καθαριό­
τητα ! Τί ράφια, τί μόστρες! Καί τί χαρ­
τιτωμένοι ύπάλλnλοι! Διαλεγ~έvοι ;
νέοι κι δμορφοι κι εύχαρ ιστιοταν η
'Όμω ς δ Τάμ πάτησε ποδάρι: «άφοϋ
δουλεύω γιά τό Φόρντ δέ μπορούμε νά
πάρουμε άλλη μάρκα αύτοκίνητο!" καί
κείνη τώρα ελεγε πώς αύτός ήταν ό
λόγος πού δέν πfjραν Κάντιλακ- μήν
τοϋ κακοφανεί τοϋ Φόρντ. Καί τό
'γραφε αύτό καί στό χωρ ιό, γιατί ή
άλλη εστειλε καί φωτογραφίες της
μέσα στήν αύτοκινητάρα.
Βέβαια καθάρισε τό σπίτι - δέν
άφησε τίποτα! Πήρε καί τό Κάντιλακ
πού ήταν στο δνομά της (λεφτά δέν
είχαν μείνει νά τά πάρει, ή καί νά τ'
άφήσει) καί θά επαιρνε καί τό μισό
σπίτι, πού ήταν στό δνομά της, μά δέν
μποροuσε νά τό σηκώσει καί νά τό
κουβαλήσει στήν Καλιφόρνια καί τό
άφησε αύτό στόν Τάμυ - νά τούς τό
πάρει ή Τράπεζα.
Τώρα πιά ή δημαρχοπούλα δέν τρω­
γότανε μονάχα μέ τόν Τάμ καί τήν
άπροκοψιά του. Τώρα τά'χε καί μέ τή
γυναίκα τοϋ Τάμυ πού μάς ντρόπιασε
τήν παροικία, κι ενιωθε ή ίδια ώς ή
προσωποποίηση τfjς άρετής καί τό
λεγε καί τό ξανάλεγε πώς τfjς ταίριαζε
καλύτερη τύχη κι δχι νά είναι γυναίκα
ένός έργάτη!
Μιά δμορφη μέρα, δ λο ijλιο καί
χαρά, στεκότανε στήν ξώπορτα μέ τό
παιδί της, καί διαλογιζότανε πάλι πώς
δέν καλοπαντρεύτηκε , δέν πήρε aντρα
πού νά τfjς ταίριαζε, καί βλ έπει καί τόν
Τάμυ μέ τήν ποδιά στή μέση (τό μαγαζί
τό 'χε πιά χάσει!) καί τό σκληρό
καπέλο στό κεφάλι (τό σκληρό τό
ψώνισε τότες πού ήταν στίς δόξες του
καί τόν φηφίσανε πρόεδρο τής κοινό­
ψυχή σου νό. μιλfiς μαζ.ί tούς! Άπό
τητας νά τό φοράει στίς έπίσημες
μέρες) νά τρέχει μέ βιασύνη καί
κολλέγια βγαλμένοι οί περισότεροι!
σπουδή μεγάλη.
Τώρα ή γυναίκα τοϋ Τάμ φοβόταν
καί πώς θά πήγαινε ή άλλη ταξίδιστήν
Τάμυ μέ τήν ποδιά του μαγαζιου στή
·Ελλάδα νά φανεί, νά κάνει έντύπωση­
τώρα πού μέ τίς πολυκατοικίες καί
άράδα καί ρωτοuσε μήν είδε κανένας
τή γυναίκα του, μήν ήξεpε πού ήταν.
«Ποϋ τρέχεις ετσι βιαστικός
ξάδερφε Τάμυ» τόνε ρωτάει. «Πάω νά
στείλω τηλεγράφημα στόν πρόεδρο
τής ·Αμερικής νά σταματήσει πιά νά
μέ κατατρέχει, κι ενα άλλο τηλεγρά­
Σέ λίγες μέρες μαθεύτηκε πώς i:φυγε
φημα στό βασιλιά μας νά έξακολουθή­
'Ύστερα άπό μήνες
μ έση
τούς καθώς πρέπει πελάτες θά μάζευαν
καί τά δολλάρια μέ τό φτιάρι.
Μά προτού νοικιαστοϋν δλα τά δια­
μερίσματα κάτι χρωματιστά χαρτιά
πού μοίρασαν στήν γειτονιά, διαλα­
γ ιγάντια μαγαζιά πού βρίσκεις μέσα
τρόφιμα δλων τών είδών (καί σ· δλες
τίς ποιότητες καί μάρκες) φρέσκα, του
τότες καί ψώνιζε άπό τόν Τάμυ γιά νά
φείο.
τά καλλιεργεί.
' Η γυναίκα του Τάμ .εκαμε τότε τό
σταυρό της: •<μή χειρότερα Παναtτσα
μου•• ψιθύρισε.
'Από τότες σώθηκε ό Τάμ. Δέν ξανα­
παραπονέθηκε ή γυναίκα του yιά τήν
τύχη της καί τήν &προ κοψιά τοϋ άντρα
Οί κακές γλώσσες είπαν πώς ό 'Ιτα­
κουτιοϋ καί φρόζεν - παγωμένα. Καί
ψωμιά καί κέκια, καί γαλατερά καί
κρέατα καί σκοϋπες καί τσατσάρες,
καί φάκελα καί πέννες καί ποϋντρες κι
λός γνωριζόταν μέ τή
γυναίκα του
Τάμυ άπό κείνο τόν καιρό. · Η δική μου
θεωρία είναι πώς δέ γνωρίζονταν, μά ό
'Ιταλός θύμιζε στή γυναίκα του Τάμυ
τά κοριτσίστικά της χρόνια (πού οί
άλοιφές κι δλα πού χρειάζεται μιά γει­
τονιά μεσαίας τάξης, σέ τιμές πολύ
συγκαταβατικές.
JANUARY, 1989
στήν 'Ελλάδα καί δένήθελε, φαίνεται,
νά ξεχάσει τά ελληνικά πού εμαθε
σ ει τόν πόλεμο μέ τούς μακαρονάδες
καί θά τοϋ στείλω σαράντα καταδρο­
μικά, χίλια άεροπλάνα καί μισό εκα­
τομμύριο στρατό καί τό Μεyαλέξαν­
τρο γιά άρχιστράτηyο» είπε δ Τάμυ κι
εφυyε σάν άστραπή κατά τό τηλεγρα­
λός! Στόν πόλεμο βρέθηκε στρατιώτης
ενα άπό κείνα τά
Σειρά της νά σκάνει τώρα ή άλλη, ή
γυναίκα του Τάμμυ, μά δέν το πfjρε καί
πολύ κατάκαρδα! 'Όταν άνο ιξε τό
Σοϋπερ Μάρκετ καί είδε πώς πουλοϋσε
τό κάθετι φθηνότερα άπ' τή ν τιμή πού
τ' άγόραζε δ Τάμυ (τόν βοηθοϋσε στό
πfjρε τίς πόρτες τfjς γειτονιάς
μέ τό μοναδικό πελάτη πού είχε μείνει
πιστός στό μαγαζί - νιοφερμένος 'Ι τ α­
λοϋσαν πώς σέ λίγο θ. άνοιγε έκεί ε να
-
μέρα ό
ή προκομμένη στήν Καλιφόρνια μαζί
'
Σοϋπερ Μάρκετ
μιά
'Ιταλοί ήταν ενα φεγγάρι τό.λϋσε καί
τό δέσε στό χωριό της) και γ ι' αύτό τόν
άγάπησε. Μά μπορεί καί νά 'φυγε μαζί
του ή γυναίκα άπό ευγνωμοσύνη πού
εμεινε πιστός πελάτης στό μαγαζί
αuτός δ άνθρωπος. Καί μπορεί καί νά
'φυγε καί γιά ν' άπαλαχτεί άπό τόν
·
Τάμυ, πού όπως φάνηκε κατόπι , τό'χε
της!
Ή νέα διεύθυνση τής
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Στόν Καθεδρικό ναό τοϋ Ά γίου 'Ιωάννου, στό Τεναφλάϋ,
Νιού Τζέρσcϋ. έγιναν οί γάμοι τοϋ ίατροϋ J o hn Wes ιey Odo m ,
μέ τήν τρισχαριτωμένη, έπ ίσης ίατρό, Constance Roseann
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We at Interamerican Financial Services have
selected some of America's most dynamic
Life Insurance Companies to provide the
best insurance coverage and high quality
service to our clients. The same level of
service that has made lnteramerican the
undisputed leader in Greece.
So, welcome to our world ... where the
commitment is to offer personal service
here, to cover all of your needs. For you,
your family and business. And to extend our
service by developing internationally, with
affiliate companies throughout the world.
Φ INTERAMERICAN
Financial Services Corporation
30-14 STEINWAY Str., ASTORIA,
~
Ν.Υ.
11103 ,T EL.: (718) 728.5200 , (201) 249.6500